109 results on '"Chye, Y"'
Search Results
2. Voltage control of nuclear spin in ferromagnetic Schottky diodes
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Epstein, R. J., Stephens, J., Hanson, M., Chye, Y., Gossard, A. C., Petroff, P. M., and Awschalom, D. D.
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Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics ,Condensed Matter - Materials Science - Abstract
We employ optical pump-probe spectroscopy to investigate the voltage dependence of spontaneous electron and nuclear spin polarizations in hybrid MnAs/n-GaAs and Fe/n-GaAs Schottky diodes. Through the hyperfine interaction, nuclear spin polarization that is imprinted by the ferromagnet acts on conduction electron spins as an effective magnetic field. We demonstrate tuning of this nuclear field from <0.05 to 2.4 kG by varying a small bias voltage across the MnAs device. In addition, a connection is observed between the diode turn-on and the onset of imprinted nuclear polarization, while traditional dynamic nuclear polarization exhibits relatively little voltage dependence., Comment: Submitted to Physical Review B Rapid Communications. 15 pages, 3 figures
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
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3. Spontaneous Spin Coherence in n-GaAs Produced by Ferromagnetic Proximity Polarization
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Epstein, R. J., Malajovich, I., Kawakami, R. K., Chye, Y., Hanson, M., Petroff, P. M., Gossard, A. C., and Awschalom, D. D.
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics ,Condensed Matter - Materials Science - Abstract
We find that photoexcited electrons in an n-GaAs epilayer rapidly (< 50 ps) spin-polarize due to the proximity of an epitaxial ferromagnetic metal. Comparison between MnAs/GaAs and Fe/GaAs structures reveals that this coherent spin polarization is aligned antiparallel and parallel to their magnetizations, respectively. In addition, the GaAs nuclear spins are dynamically polarized with a sign determined by the spontaneous electron spin orientation. In Fe/GaAs, competition between nuclear hyperfine and applied magnetic fields results in complete quenching of electron spin precession., Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, in press, Phys. Rev. B Rapid Communications (2002)
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- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Increased cortical surface area but not altered cortical thickness or gyrification in bipolar disorder following stabilisation from a first episode of mania
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Van Rheenen, TE, Cotton, SM, Dandash, O, Cooper, RE, Ringin, E, Daglas-Georgiou, R, Allott, K, Chye, Y, Suo, C, Macneil, C, Hasty, M, Hallam, K, McGorry, P, Fornito, A, Yucel, M, Pantelis, C, Berk, M, Van Rheenen, TE, Cotton, SM, Dandash, O, Cooper, RE, Ringin, E, Daglas-Georgiou, R, Allott, K, Chye, Y, Suo, C, Macneil, C, Hasty, M, Hallam, K, McGorry, P, Fornito, A, Yucel, M, Pantelis, C, and Berk, M
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Despite reports of altered brain morphology in established bipolar disorder (BD), there is limited understanding of when these morphological abnormalities emerge. Assessment of patients during the early course of illness can help to address this gap, but few studies have examined surface-based brain morphology in patients at this illness stage. METHODS: We completed a secondary analysis of baseline data from a randomised control trial of BD individuals stabilised after their first episode of mania (FEM). The magnetic resonance imaging scans of n = 35 FEM patients and n = 29 age-matched healthy controls were analysed. Group differences in cortical thickness, surface area and gyrification were assessed at each vertex of the cortical surface using general linear models. Significant results were identified at p < 0.05 using cluster-wise correction. RESULTS: The FEM group did not differ from healthy controls with regards to cortical thickness or gyrification. However, there were two clusters of increased surface area in the left hemisphere of FEM patients, with peak coordinates falling within the lateral occipital cortex and pars triangularis. CONCLUSIONS: Cortical thickness and gyrification appear to be intact in the aftermath of a first manic episode, whilst cortical surface area in the inferior/middle prefrontal and occipitoparietal cortex is increased compared to age-matched controls. It is possible that increased surface area in the FEM group is the outcome of abnormalities in a premorbidly occurring process. In contrast, the findings raise the hypothesis that cortical thickness reductions seen in past studies of individuals with more established BD may be more attributable to post-onset factors.
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- 2023
5. Longitudinal Structural Brain Changes in Bipolar Disorder: A Multicenter Neuroimaging Study of 1232 Individuals by the ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Working Group
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Abé, C, Ching, CRK, Liberg, B, Lebedev, AV, Agartz, I, Akudjedu, TN, Alda, M, Alnæs, D, Alonso-Lana, S, Benedetti, F, Berk, Michael, Bøen, E, Bonnin, CDM, Breuer, F, Brosch, K, Brouwer, RM, Canales-Rodríguez, EJ, Cannon, DM, Chye, Y, Dahl, A, Dandash, O, Dannlowski, U, Dohm, K, Elvsåshagen, T, Fisch, L, Fullerton, JM, Goikolea, JM, Grotegerd, D, Haatveit, B, Hahn, T, Hajek, T, Heindel, W, Ingvar, M, Sim, K, Kircher, TTJ, Lenroot, RK, Malt, UF, McDonald, C, McWhinney, SR, Melle, I, Meller, T, Melloni, EMT, Mitchell, PB, Nabulsi, L, Nenadić, I, Opel, N, Overs, BJ, Panicalli, F, Pfarr, JK, Poletti, S, Pomarol-Clotet, E, Radua, J, Repple, J, Ringwald, KG, Roberts, G, Rodriguez-Cano, E, Salvador, R, Sarink, K, Sarró, S, Schmitt, S, Stein, F, Suo, C, Thomopoulos, SI, Tronchin, G, Vieta, E, Westlye, LT, White, AG, Yatham, LN, Zak, N, Thompson, PM, Andreassen, OA, Landén, M, Abé, C, Ching, CRK, Liberg, B, Lebedev, AV, Agartz, I, Akudjedu, TN, Alda, M, Alnæs, D, Alonso-Lana, S, Benedetti, F, Berk, Michael, Bøen, E, Bonnin, CDM, Breuer, F, Brosch, K, Brouwer, RM, Canales-Rodríguez, EJ, Cannon, DM, Chye, Y, Dahl, A, Dandash, O, Dannlowski, U, Dohm, K, Elvsåshagen, T, Fisch, L, Fullerton, JM, Goikolea, JM, Grotegerd, D, Haatveit, B, Hahn, T, Hajek, T, Heindel, W, Ingvar, M, Sim, K, Kircher, TTJ, Lenroot, RK, Malt, UF, McDonald, C, McWhinney, SR, Melle, I, Meller, T, Melloni, EMT, Mitchell, PB, Nabulsi, L, Nenadić, I, Opel, N, Overs, BJ, Panicalli, F, Pfarr, JK, Poletti, S, Pomarol-Clotet, E, Radua, J, Repple, J, Ringwald, KG, Roberts, G, Rodriguez-Cano, E, Salvador, R, Sarink, K, Sarró, S, Schmitt, S, Stein, F, Suo, C, Thomopoulos, SI, Tronchin, G, Vieta, E, Westlye, LT, White, AG, Yatham, LN, Zak, N, Thompson, PM, Andreassen, OA, and Landén, M
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- 2022
6. Brain Anatomical Alterations in Young Cannabis Users: Is it All Hype? A Meta-Analysis of Structural Neuroimaging Studies
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Lorenzetti, V, Kowalczyk, M, Duehlmeyer, L, Greenwood, L-M, Chye, Y, Yucel, M, Whittle, S, Roberts, CA, Lorenzetti, V, Kowalczyk, M, Duehlmeyer, L, Greenwood, L-M, Chye, Y, Yucel, M, Whittle, S, and Roberts, CA
- Abstract
Introduction: Cannabis use has a high prevalence in young youth and is associated with poor psychosocial outcomes. Such outcomes have been ascribed to the impact of cannabis exposure on the developing brain. However, findings from individual studies of volumetry in youth cannabis users are equivocal. Objectives: Our primary objective was to systematically review the evidence on brain volume differences between young cannabis users and nonusers aged 12-26 where profound neuromaturation occurs, accounting for the role of global brain volumes (GBVs). Our secondary objective was to systematically integrate the findings on the association between youth age and volumetry in youth cannabis users. Finally, we aimed to evaluate the quality of the evidence. Materials and Methods: A systematic search was run in three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and PsycINFO) and was reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We run meta-analyses (with and without controlling for GBV) of brain volume differences between young cannabis users and nonusers. We conducted metaregressions to explore the role of age on volumetric differences. Results: Sixteen studies were included. The reviewed samples included 830 people with mean age 22.5 years (range 14-26 years). Of these, 386 were cannabis users (with cannabis use onset at 15-19 years) and 444 were controls. We found no detectable group differences in any of the GBVs (intracranium, total brain, total white matter, and total gray matter) and regional brain volumes (i.e., hippocampus, amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex, and total cerebellum). Age and cannabis use level did not predict (standardized mean) volume group differences in metaregression. We found little evidence of publication bias (Egger's test p>0.1). Conclusions: Contrary to evidence in adult samples (or in samples mixing adults and youth), previous single studies in young cannabis users, and meta-analyses of brain function in
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- 2022
7. Motivational and myopic mechanisms underlying dopamine medication-induced impulsive-compulsive behaviors in Parkinson's disease.
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Dawson, A, Ortelli, P, Carter, A, Ferrazzoli, D, Dissanayaka, NN, Evans, A, Chye, Y, Lorenzetti, V, Frazzitta, G, Yücel, M, Dawson, A, Ortelli, P, Carter, A, Ferrazzoli, D, Dissanayaka, NN, Evans, A, Chye, Y, Lorenzetti, V, Frazzitta, G, and Yücel, M
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Dopaminergic medications can trigger impulsive-compulsive behaviors (ICBs) in pre-disposed patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), but what this implies on a neurocognitive level is unclear. Previous findings highlighted potentially exacerbated incentive motivation (willingness to work for rewards) and choice impulsivity (preferring smaller, immediate rewards over larger, delayed rewards) in PD patients with ICBs (PD + ICBs). METHODS: To deeply understand this evidence, we studied 24 PD + ICBs and 28 PD patients without ICBs (PD-ICBs). First of all, patients underwent the assessment of impulsivity traits, mood, anxiety, and addiction condition. We further administered robust objective and subjective measures of specific aspects of motivation. Finally, we explored whether these processes might link to any heightened antisocial behavior (aggression and risky driving) in PD + ICBs. RESULTS: High levels of positive urgency trait characterized PD + ICBs. They choose to exert more effort for rewards under the conditions of low and medium reward probability and as reward magnitude increases. Findings on choice impulsivity show a great tendency to delay discounting in PD + ICBs, other than a high correlation between delay and probability discounting. In addition, we found what appears to be the first evidence of heightened reactive aggression in PD patients with ICBs. Exacerbated incentive motivation and delay discounting trended toward positively predicting reactive aggression in PD + ICBs. DISCUSSION: Our promising results suggest that there might be immense value in future large-scale studies adopting a transdiagnostic neurocognitive endophenotype approach to understanding and predicting the addictive and aggressive behaviors that can arise from dopaminergic medication in PD.
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- 2022
8. A traction orthosis for the treatment of proximal phalangeal fractures
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Michelle Morgan, Chye Y Ng, and Julia A Street
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Orthodontics ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Rehabilitation ,medicine ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Traction (orthopedics) ,business - Published
- 2021
9. Longitudinal Structural Brain Changes in Bipolar Disorder: A Multicenter Neuroimaging Study of 1232 Individuals by the ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Working Group
- Author
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Abé, C, Ching, CRK, Liberg, B, Lebedev, AV, Agartz, I, Akudjedu, TN, Alda, M, Alnæs, D, Alonso-Lana, S, Benedetti, F, Berk, M, Bøen, E, Bonnin, CDM, Breuer, F, Brosch, K, Brouwer, RM, Canales-Rodríguez, EJ, Cannon, DM, Chye, Y, Dahl, A, Dandash, O, Dannlowski, U, Dohm, K, Elvsåshagen, T, Fisch, L, Fullerton, JM, Goikolea, JM, Grotegerd, D, Haatveit, B, Hahn, T, Hajek, T, Heindel, W, Ingvar, M, Sim, K, Kircher, TTJ, Lenroot, RK, Malt, UF, McDonald, C, McWhinney, SR, Melle, I, Meller, T, Melloni, EMT, Mitchell, PB, Nabulsi, L, Nenadić, I, Opel, N, Overs, BJ, Panicalli, F, Pfarr, J-K, Poletti, S, Pomarol-Clotet, E, Radua, J, Repple, J, Ringwald, KG, Roberts, G, Rodriguez-Cano, E, Salvador, R, Sarink, K, Sarró, S, Schmitt, S, Stein, F, Suo, C, Thomopoulos, SI, Tronchin, G, Vieta, E, Westlye, LT, White, AG, Yatham, LN, Zak, N, Thompson, PM, Andreassen, OA, Landén, M, Abé, C, Ching, CRK, Liberg, B, Lebedev, AV, Agartz, I, Akudjedu, TN, Alda, M, Alnæs, D, Alonso-Lana, S, Benedetti, F, Berk, M, Bøen, E, Bonnin, CDM, Breuer, F, Brosch, K, Brouwer, RM, Canales-Rodríguez, EJ, Cannon, DM, Chye, Y, Dahl, A, Dandash, O, Dannlowski, U, Dohm, K, Elvsåshagen, T, Fisch, L, Fullerton, JM, Goikolea, JM, Grotegerd, D, Haatveit, B, Hahn, T, Hajek, T, Heindel, W, Ingvar, M, Sim, K, Kircher, TTJ, Lenroot, RK, Malt, UF, McDonald, C, McWhinney, SR, Melle, I, Meller, T, Melloni, EMT, Mitchell, PB, Nabulsi, L, Nenadić, I, Opel, N, Overs, BJ, Panicalli, F, Pfarr, J-K, Poletti, S, Pomarol-Clotet, E, Radua, J, Repple, J, Ringwald, KG, Roberts, G, Rodriguez-Cano, E, Salvador, R, Sarink, K, Sarró, S, Schmitt, S, Stein, F, Suo, C, Thomopoulos, SI, Tronchin, G, Vieta, E, Westlye, LT, White, AG, Yatham, LN, Zak, N, Thompson, PM, Andreassen, OA, and Landén, M
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- 2021
10. Severity related neuroanatomical alteration across symptom dimensions in obsessive-compulsive disorder
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Zhang, X, Chye, Y, Braganza, L, Fontenelle, LF, Harrison, BJ, Parkes, L, Sabaroedin, K, Maleki, S, Yücel, M, Suo, C, Zhang, X, Chye, Y, Braganza, L, Fontenelle, LF, Harrison, BJ, Parkes, L, Sabaroedin, K, Maleki, S, Yücel, M, and Suo, C
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- 2021
11. Gender-related neuroanatomical differences in alcohol dependence: findings from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group
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Rossetti, MG, Patalay, P, Mackey, S, Allen, NB, Batalla, A, Bellani, M, Chye, Y, Cousijn, J, Goudriaan, AE, Hester, R, Hutchison, K, Li, C-SR, Martin-Santos, R, Momenan, R, Sinha, R, Schmaal, L, Sjoerds, Z, Solowij, N, Suo, C, van Holst, RJ, Veltman, DJ, Yucel, M, Thompson, PM, Conrod, P, Garavan, H, Brambilla, P, Lorenzetti, V, Rossetti, MG, Patalay, P, Mackey, S, Allen, NB, Batalla, A, Bellani, M, Chye, Y, Cousijn, J, Goudriaan, AE, Hester, R, Hutchison, K, Li, C-SR, Martin-Santos, R, Momenan, R, Sinha, R, Schmaal, L, Sjoerds, Z, Solowij, N, Suo, C, van Holst, RJ, Veltman, DJ, Yucel, M, Thompson, PM, Conrod, P, Garavan, H, Brambilla, P, and Lorenzetti, V
- Abstract
Gender-related differences in the susceptibility, progression and clinical outcomes of alcohol dependence are well-known. However, the neurobiological substrates underlying such differences remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate gender differences in the neuroanatomy (i.e. regional brain volumes) of alcohol dependence. We examined the volume of a priori regions of interest (i.e., orbitofrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, caudate, putamen, pallidum, thalamus, corpus callosum, cerebellum) and global brain measures (i.e., total grey matter (GM), total white matter (WM) and cerebrospinal fluid). Volumes were compared between 660 people with alcohol dependence (228 women) and 326 controls (99 women) recruited from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group, accounting for intracranial volume, age and education years. Compared to controls, individuals with alcohol dependence on average had (3-9%) smaller volumes of the hippocampus (bilateral), putamen (left), pallidum (left), thalamus (right), corpus callosum, total GM and WM, and cerebellar GM (bilateral), the latter more prominently in women (right). Alcohol-dependent men showed smaller amygdala volume than control men, but this effect was unclear among women. In people with alcohol dependence, more monthly standard drinks predicted smaller amygdala and larger cerebellum GM volumes. The neuroanatomical differences associated with alcohol dependence emerged as gross and widespread, while those associated with a specific gender may be confined to selected brain regions. These findings warrant future neuroscience research to account for gender differences in alcohol dependence to further understand the neurobiological effects of alcohol dependence.
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- 2021
12. Sex and dependence related neuroanatomical differences in regular cannabis users: findings from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group
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Rossetti, MG, Mackey, S, Patalay, P, Allen, NB, Batalla, A, Bellani, M, Chye, Y, Conrod, P, Cousijn, J, Garavan, H, Goudriaan, AE, Hester, R, Martin-Santos, R, Solowij, N, Suo, C, Thompson, PM, Yucel, M, Brambilla, P, Lorenzetti, V, Rossetti, MG, Mackey, S, Patalay, P, Allen, NB, Batalla, A, Bellani, M, Chye, Y, Conrod, P, Cousijn, J, Garavan, H, Goudriaan, AE, Hester, R, Martin-Santos, R, Solowij, N, Suo, C, Thompson, PM, Yucel, M, Brambilla, P, and Lorenzetti, V
- Abstract
Males and females show different patterns of cannabis use and related psychosocial outcomes. However, the neuroanatomical substrates underlying such differences are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to map sex differences in the neurobiology (as indexed by brain volumes) of dependent and recreational cannabis use. We compared the volume of a priori regions of interest (i.e., amygdala, hippocampus, nucleus accumbens, insula, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), anterior cingulate cortex and cerebellum) between 129 regular cannabis users (of whom 70 were recreational users and 59 cannabis dependent) and 114 controls recruited from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group, accounting for intracranial volume, age, IQ, and alcohol and tobacco use. Dependent cannabis users, particularly females, had (marginally significant) smaller volumes of the lateral OFC and cerebellar white matter than recreational users and controls. In dependent (but not recreational) cannabis users, there was a significant association between female sex and smaller volumes of the cerebellar white matter and OFC. Volume of the OFC was also predicted by monthly standard drinks. No significant effects emerged the other brain regions of interest. Our findings warrant future multimodal studies that examine if sex and cannabis dependence are specific key drivers of neurobiological alterations in cannabis users. This, in turn, could help to identify neural pathways specifically involved in vulnerable cannabis users (e.g., females with cannabis dependence) and inform individually tailored neurobiological targets for treatment.
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- 2021
13. Sex differences in the neuroanatomy of alcohol dependence: hippocampus and amygdala subregions in a sample of 966 people from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group
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Grace, S, Rossetti, MG, Allen, N, Batalla, A, Bellani, M, Brambilla, P, Chye, Y, Cousijn, J, Goudriaan, AE, Hester, R, Hutchison, K, Labuschagne, I, Momenan, R, Martin-Santos, R, Rendell, P, Solowij, N, Sinha, R, Li, C-SR, Schmaal, L, Sjoerds, Z, Suo, C, Terrett, G, van Holst, RJ, Veltman, DJ, Yucel, M, Thompson, P, Conrod, P, Mackey, S, Garavan, H, Lorenzetti, V, Grace, S, Rossetti, MG, Allen, N, Batalla, A, Bellani, M, Brambilla, P, Chye, Y, Cousijn, J, Goudriaan, AE, Hester, R, Hutchison, K, Labuschagne, I, Momenan, R, Martin-Santos, R, Rendell, P, Solowij, N, Sinha, R, Li, C-SR, Schmaal, L, Sjoerds, Z, Suo, C, Terrett, G, van Holst, RJ, Veltman, DJ, Yucel, M, Thompson, P, Conrod, P, Mackey, S, Garavan, H, and Lorenzetti, V
- Abstract
Males and females with alcohol dependence have distinct mental health and cognitive problems. Animal models of addiction postulate that the underlying neurobiological mechanisms are partially distinct, but there is little evidence of sex differences in humans with alcohol dependence as most neuroimaging studies have been conducted in males. We examined hippocampal and amygdala subregions in a large sample of 966 people from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group. This comprised 643 people with alcohol dependence (225 females), and a comparison group of 323 people without alcohol dependence (98 females). Males with alcohol dependence had smaller volumes of the total amygdala and its basolateral nucleus than male controls, that exacerbated with alcohol dose. Alcohol dependence was also associated with smaller volumes of the hippocampus and its CA1 and subiculum subfield volumes in both males and females. In summary, hippocampal and amygdalar subregions may be sensitive to both shared and distinct mechanisms in alcohol-dependent males and females.
- Published
- 2021
14. A traction orthosis for the treatment of proximal phalangeal fractures
- Author
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Street, Julia A, primary, Morgan, Michelle, additional, and Ng, Chye Y, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. ENIGMA and global neuroscience: A decade of large-scale studies of the brain in health and disease across more than 40 countries
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Thompson, P.M. (Paul), Jahanshad, N. (Neda), Ching, C.R.K. (Christopher), Salminen, L.E. (Lauren E.), Thomopoulos, S.I. (Sophia I.), Bright, J. (Joanna), Baune, B.T., Bertolín, S. (Sara), Bralten, L.B.C. (Linda), Bruin, W.B. (Willem B.), Bülow, R. (Robin), Chen, J. (Jian), Chye, Y. (Yann), Dannlowski, U. (Udo), de Kovel, C.G.F. (Carolien G F), Donohoe, D.J. (Dennis), Eyler, L.T. (Lisa T.), Faraone, S.V. (Stephen), Favre, P. (Pauline), Filippi, C.A. (Courtney A.), Frodl, T. (Thomas), Garijo, D. (Daniel), Gil, Y. (Yolanda), Grabe, H.J. (Hans Jörgen), Grasby, K.L. (Katrina L.), Hajek, T. (Tomas), Han, L.K.M. (Laura K M), Hatton, W., Hilbert, K. (Kevin), Ho, T.C. (Tiffany C.), Holleran, L. (Laurena), Homuth, G. (Georg), Hosten, N. (Norbert), Houenou, J. (Josselin), Ivanov, I. (Iliyan), Jia, T. (Tianye), Kelly, S. (Sinead), Klein, M. (Marieke), Kwon, J.S. (Jun Soo), Laansma, M.A. (Max A.), Leerssen, J. (Jeanne), Lueken, U. (Ulrike), Nunes, A. (Abraham), Neill, J.O. (Joseph O'), Opel, N. (Nils), Piras, F. (Fabrizio), Piras, F. (Federica), Postema, M.C. (Merel C.), Pozzi, E. (Elena), Shatokhina, N. (Natalia), Soriano-Mas, C. (Carles), Spalletta, G. (Gianfranco), Sun, D. (Daqiang), Teumer, A. (Alexander), Tilot, A.K. (Amanda K.), Tozzi, L. (Leonardo), van der Merwe, C. (Celia), Someren, E.J.W. (Eus) van, van Wingen, G.A. (Guido A.), Völzke, H. (Henry), Walton, E. (Esther), Wang, L. (Lei), Winkler, A.M. (Anderson), Wittfeld, K. (Katharina), Wright, M.J. (Margaret), Yun, J.-Y. (Je-Yeon), Zhang, G. (Guohao), Zhang-James, Y. (Yanli), Adhikari, B.M. (Bhim M.), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Aghajani, M. (Moji), Aleman, A. (André), Althoff, R.R. (Robert R.), Altmann, A. (A.), Andreassen, O.A. (Ole), Baron, D.A. (David A.), Bartnik-Olson, B.L. (Brenda L.), Marie Bas-Hoogendam, J. (Janna), Baskin-Sommers, A.R. (Arielle R.), Bearden, C.E. (Carrie), Berner, L.A. (Laura A.), Boedhoe, P.S.W. (Premika S W), Brouwer, R.M. (Rachel), Buitelaar, J.K. (Jan), Caeyenberghs, K. (Karen), Cecil, C.A.M. (Charlotte), Cohen, R.A. (Ronald A.), Cole, J.H. (James H.), Conrod, P. (Patricia), De Brito, S.A. (Stephane A.), de Zwarte, S.M.C. (Sonja M C), Dennis, E.L. (Emily L.), Desrivieres, S. (Sylvane), Dima, D. (Danai), Ehrlich, S.M. (Stefan), Esopenko, C. (Carrie), Fairchild, G. (Graeme), Fisher, S.E. (Simon), Fouche, J.-P. (Jean-Paul), Francks, C. (Clyde), Frangou, S. (Sophia), Franke, B. (Barbara), Garavan, H.P. (Hugh P.), Glahn, D.C. (David), Groenewold, N.A. (Nynke A.), Gurholt, T.P. (Tiril P.), Gutman, B.A. (Boris A.), Hahn, T. (Tim), Harding, I.H. (Ian H.), Hernaus, D. (Dennis), Hibar, D.P. (Derrek P.), Hillary, F.G. (Frank G.), Hoogman, M. (Martine), Hulshoff Pol, H.E. (Hilleke E.), Jalbrzikowski, M. (Maria), Karkashadze, G.A. (George A.), Klapwijk, E.T. (Eduard T.), Knickmeyer, R.C. (Rebecca C.), Kochunov, P. (Peter), Koerte, I.K. (Inga K.), Kong, X.-Z. (Xiang-Zhen), Liew, S.-L. (Sook-Lei), Lin, A.P. (Alexander P.), Logue, M.W. (Mark W.), Luders, E. (Eileen), Macciardi, F. (Fabio), Mackey, S. (Scott), Mayer, A.R. (Andrew R.), McDonald, C.R. (Carrie R.), McMahon, A.B. (Agnes B.), Medland, S.E. (Sarah), Modinos, G. (Gemma), Morey, R.A. (Rajendra A.), Mueller, S.C. (Sven C.), Mukherjee, P. (Pratik), Namazova-Baranova, L. (L.), Nir, T.M. (Talia M.), Olsen, A. (Alexander), Paschou, P. (Peristera), Pine, D.S. (Daniel S.), Pizzagalli, F. (Fabrizio), Rentería, M.E. (Miguel), Rohrer, J.D. (Jonathan D.), Sämann, P.G. (Philipp), Schmaal, L. (Lianne), Schumann, G. (Gunter), Shiroishi, M.S. (Mark S.), Sisodiya, S.M. (Sanjay), Smit, D.J.A. (Dirk J A), Sønderby, I.E. (Ida E.), Stein, D.J. (Dan J.), Stein, J.L., Tahmasian, M. (Masoud), Tate, D.F. (David F.), Turner, J. (Jessica), Heuvel, O.A. (Odile A.), Wee, N.J. (Nic) van der, van der Werf, Y.D. (Ysbrand), Erp, T.G.M. (Theo G.) van, van Haren, N.E.M. (Neeltje E M), van Rooij, D. (Daan), Van Velzen, L.S., Veer, I.M. (Ilya), Veltman, D.J. (Dick), Villalon-Reina, J.E. (Julio E.), Walter, H.J. (Henrik), Whelan, C.D. (Christopher), Wilde, E.A. (Elisabeth A.), Zarei, M. (Mojtaba), Zelman, V. (Vladimir), Thompson, P.M. (Paul), Jahanshad, N. (Neda), Ching, C.R.K. (Christopher), Salminen, L.E. (Lauren E.), Thomopoulos, S.I. (Sophia I.), Bright, J. (Joanna), Baune, B.T., Bertolín, S. (Sara), Bralten, L.B.C. (Linda), Bruin, W.B. (Willem B.), Bülow, R. (Robin), Chen, J. (Jian), Chye, Y. (Yann), Dannlowski, U. (Udo), de Kovel, C.G.F. (Carolien G F), Donohoe, D.J. (Dennis), Eyler, L.T. (Lisa T.), Faraone, S.V. (Stephen), Favre, P. (Pauline), Filippi, C.A. (Courtney A.), Frodl, T. (Thomas), Garijo, D. (Daniel), Gil, Y. (Yolanda), Grabe, H.J. (Hans Jörgen), Grasby, K.L. (Katrina L.), Hajek, T. (Tomas), Han, L.K.M. (Laura K M), Hatton, W., Hilbert, K. (Kevin), Ho, T.C. (Tiffany C.), Holleran, L. (Laurena), Homuth, G. (Georg), Hosten, N. (Norbert), Houenou, J. (Josselin), Ivanov, I. (Iliyan), Jia, T. (Tianye), Kelly, S. (Sinead), Klein, M. (Marieke), Kwon, J.S. (Jun Soo), Laansma, M.A. (Max A.), Leerssen, J. (Jeanne), Lueken, U. (Ulrike), Nunes, A. (Abraham), Neill, J.O. (Joseph O'), Opel, N. (Nils), Piras, F. (Fabrizio), Piras, F. (Federica), Postema, M.C. (Merel C.), Pozzi, E. (Elena), Shatokhina, N. (Natalia), Soriano-Mas, C. (Carles), Spalletta, G. (Gianfranco), Sun, D. (Daqiang), Teumer, A. (Alexander), Tilot, A.K. (Amanda K.), Tozzi, L. (Leonardo), van der Merwe, C. (Celia), Someren, E.J.W. (Eus) van, van Wingen, G.A. (Guido A.), Völzke, H. (Henry), Walton, E. (Esther), Wang, L. (Lei), Winkler, A.M. (Anderson), Wittfeld, K. (Katharina), Wright, M.J. (Margaret), Yun, J.-Y. (Je-Yeon), Zhang, G. (Guohao), Zhang-James, Y. (Yanli), Adhikari, B.M. (Bhim M.), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Aghajani, M. (Moji), Aleman, A. (André), Althoff, R.R. (Robert R.), Altmann, A. (A.), Andreassen, O.A. (Ole), Baron, D.A. (David A.), Bartnik-Olson, B.L. (Brenda L.), Marie Bas-Hoogendam, J. (Janna), Baskin-Sommers, A.R. (Arielle R.), Bearden, C.E. (Carrie), Berner, L.A. (Laura A.), Boedhoe, P.S.W. (Premika S W), Brouwer, R.M. (Rachel), Buitelaar, J.K. (Jan), Caeyenberghs, K. (Karen), Cecil, C.A.M. (Charlotte), Cohen, R.A. (Ronald A.), Cole, J.H. (James H.), Conrod, P. (Patricia), De Brito, S.A. (Stephane A.), de Zwarte, S.M.C. (Sonja M C), Dennis, E.L. (Emily L.), Desrivieres, S. (Sylvane), Dima, D. (Danai), Ehrlich, S.M. (Stefan), Esopenko, C. (Carrie), Fairchild, G. (Graeme), Fisher, S.E. (Simon), Fouche, J.-P. (Jean-Paul), Francks, C. (Clyde), Frangou, S. (Sophia), Franke, B. (Barbara), Garavan, H.P. (Hugh P.), Glahn, D.C. (David), Groenewold, N.A. (Nynke A.), Gurholt, T.P. (Tiril P.), Gutman, B.A. (Boris A.), Hahn, T. (Tim), Harding, I.H. (Ian H.), Hernaus, D. (Dennis), Hibar, D.P. (Derrek P.), Hillary, F.G. (Frank G.), Hoogman, M. (Martine), Hulshoff Pol, H.E. (Hilleke E.), Jalbrzikowski, M. (Maria), Karkashadze, G.A. (George A.), Klapwijk, E.T. (Eduard T.), Knickmeyer, R.C. (Rebecca C.), Kochunov, P. (Peter), Koerte, I.K. (Inga K.), Kong, X.-Z. (Xiang-Zhen), Liew, S.-L. (Sook-Lei), Lin, A.P. (Alexander P.), Logue, M.W. (Mark W.), Luders, E. (Eileen), Macciardi, F. (Fabio), Mackey, S. (Scott), Mayer, A.R. (Andrew R.), McDonald, C.R. (Carrie R.), McMahon, A.B. (Agnes B.), Medland, S.E. (Sarah), Modinos, G. (Gemma), Morey, R.A. (Rajendra A.), Mueller, S.C. (Sven C.), Mukherjee, P. (Pratik), Namazova-Baranova, L. (L.), Nir, T.M. (Talia M.), Olsen, A. (Alexander), Paschou, P. (Peristera), Pine, D.S. (Daniel S.), Pizzagalli, F. (Fabrizio), Rentería, M.E. (Miguel), Rohrer, J.D. (Jonathan D.), Sämann, P.G. (Philipp), Schmaal, L. (Lianne), Schumann, G. (Gunter), Shiroishi, M.S. (Mark S.), Sisodiya, S.M. (Sanjay), Smit, D.J.A. (Dirk J A), Sønderby, I.E. (Ida E.), Stein, D.J. (Dan J.), Stein, J.L., Tahmasian, M. (Masoud), Tate, D.F. (David F.), Turner, J. (Jessica), Heuvel, O.A. (Odile A.), Wee, N.J. (Nic) van der, van der Werf, Y.D. (Ysbrand), Erp, T.G.M. (Theo G.) van, van Haren, N.E.M. (Neeltje E M), van Rooij, D. (Daan), Van Velzen, L.S., Veer, I.M. (Ilya), Veltman, D.J. (Dick), Villalon-Reina, J.E. (Julio E.), Walter, H.J. (Henrik), Whelan, C.D. (Christopher), Wilde, E.A. (Elisabeth A.), Zarei, M. (Mojtaba), and Zelman, V. (Vladimir)
- Abstract
This review summarizes the last decade of work by the ENIGMA (Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta Analysis) Consortium, a global alliance of over 1400 scientists across 43 countries, studying the human brain in health and disease. Building on large-scale genetic studies that discovered the first robustly replicated genetic loci associated with brain metrics, ENIGMA has diversified into over 50 working groups (WGs), pooling worldwide data and expertise to answer fundamental questions in neuroscience, psychiatry, neurology, and genetics. Most ENIGMA WGs focus on specific psychiatric and neurological conditions, other WGs study normal variation due to sex and gender differences, or development and aging; still other WGs develop methodological pipelines and tools to facilitate harmonized analyses of "big data" (i.e., genetic and epigenetic data, multimodal MRI, and electroencephalography data). These international efforts have yielded the largest neuroimaging studies to date in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, substance use disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorders, epilepsy, and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. More recent ENIGMA WGs have formed to study anxiety disorders, suicidal thoughts and behavior, sleep and insomnia, eating disorders, irritability, brain injury, antisocial personality and conduct disorder, and dissociative identity disorder. Here, we summarize the first decade of ENIGMA's activities and ongoing projects, and describe the successes and challenges encountered along the way. We highlight the advantages of collaborative large-scale coordinated data analyses for testing reproducibility and robustness of findings, offering the opportunity to identify brain systems involved in clinical syndromes across diverse samples and associated genetic, environmental, demographic, cognitive, and psychosocial factors.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. ENIGMA and global neuroscience: A decade of large-scale studies of the brain in health and disease across more than 40 countries
- Author
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Thompson, PM, Jahanshad, N, Ching, CRK, Salminen, LE, Thomopoulos, SI, Bright, J, Baune, BT, Bertolin, S, Bralten, J, Bruin, WB, Buelow, R, Chen, J, Chye, Y, Dannlowski, U, de Kovel, CGF, Donohoe, G, Eyler, LT, Faraone, SV, Favre, P, Filippi, CA, Frodl, T, Garijo, D, Gil, Y, Grabe, HJ, Grasby, KL, Hajek, T, Han, LKM, Hatton, SN, Hilbert, K, Ho, TC, Holleran, L, Homuth, G, Hosten, N, Houenou, J, Ivanov, I, Jia, T, Kelly, S, Klein, M, Kwon, JS, Laansma, MA, Leerssen, J, Lueken, U, Nunes, A, Neill, JO, Opel, N, Piras, F, Postema, MC, Pozzi, E, Shatokhina, N, Soriano-Mas, C, Spalletta, G, Sun, D, Teumer, A, Tilot, AK, Tozzi, L, van der Merwe, C, Van Someren, EJW, van Wingen, GA, Voelzke, H, Walton, E, Wang, L, Winkler, AM, Wittfeld, K, Wright, MJ, Yun, J-Y, Zhang, G, Zhang-James, Y, Adhikari, BM, Agartz, I, Aghajani, M, Aleman, A, Althoff, RR, Altmann, A, Andreassen, OA, Baron, DA, Bartnik-Olson, BL, Bas-Hoogendam, J, Baskin-Sommers, AR, Bearden, CE, Berner, LA, Boedhoe, PSW, Brouwer, RM, Buitelaar, JK, Caeyenberghs, K, Cecil, CAM, Cohen, RA, Cole, JH, Conrod, PJ, De Brito, SA, de Zwarte, SMC, Dennis, EL, Desrivieres, S, Dima, D, Ehrlich, S, Esopenko, C, Fairchild, G, Fisher, SE, Fouche, J-P, Francks, C, Frangou, S, Franke, B, Garavan, HP, Glahn, DC, Groenewold, NA, Gurholt, TP, Gutman, BA, Hahn, T, Harding, IH, Hernaus, D, Hibar, DP, Hillary, FG, Hoogman, M, Pol, HE, Jalbrzikowski, M, Karkashadze, GA, Klapwijk, ET, Knickmeyer, RC, Kochunov, P, Koerte, IK, Kong, X-Z, Liew, S-L, Lin, AP, Logue, MW, Luders, E, Macciardi, F, Mackey, S, Mayer, AR, McDonald, CR, McMahon, AB, Medland, SE, Modinos, G, Morey, RA, Mueller, SC, Mukherjee, P, Namazova-Baranova, L, Nir, TM, Olsen, A, Paschou, P, Pine, DS, Pizzagalli, F, Renteria, ME, Rohrer, JD, Saemann, PG, Schmaal, L, Schumann, G, Shiroishi, MS, Sisodiya, SM, Smit, DJA, Sonderby, IE, Stein, DJ, Stein, JL, Tahmasian, M, Tate, DF, Turner, JA, van den Heuvel, OA, van der Wee, NJA, van der Werf, YD, van Erp, TGM, van Haren, NEM, van Rooij, D, van Velzen, LS, Veer, IM, Veltman, DJ, Villalon-Reina, JE, Walter, H, Whelan, CD, Wilde, EA, Zarei, M, Zelman, V, Thompson, PM, Jahanshad, N, Ching, CRK, Salminen, LE, Thomopoulos, SI, Bright, J, Baune, BT, Bertolin, S, Bralten, J, Bruin, WB, Buelow, R, Chen, J, Chye, Y, Dannlowski, U, de Kovel, CGF, Donohoe, G, Eyler, LT, Faraone, SV, Favre, P, Filippi, CA, Frodl, T, Garijo, D, Gil, Y, Grabe, HJ, Grasby, KL, Hajek, T, Han, LKM, Hatton, SN, Hilbert, K, Ho, TC, Holleran, L, Homuth, G, Hosten, N, Houenou, J, Ivanov, I, Jia, T, Kelly, S, Klein, M, Kwon, JS, Laansma, MA, Leerssen, J, Lueken, U, Nunes, A, Neill, JO, Opel, N, Piras, F, Postema, MC, Pozzi, E, Shatokhina, N, Soriano-Mas, C, Spalletta, G, Sun, D, Teumer, A, Tilot, AK, Tozzi, L, van der Merwe, C, Van Someren, EJW, van Wingen, GA, Voelzke, H, Walton, E, Wang, L, Winkler, AM, Wittfeld, K, Wright, MJ, Yun, J-Y, Zhang, G, Zhang-James, Y, Adhikari, BM, Agartz, I, Aghajani, M, Aleman, A, Althoff, RR, Altmann, A, Andreassen, OA, Baron, DA, Bartnik-Olson, BL, Bas-Hoogendam, J, Baskin-Sommers, AR, Bearden, CE, Berner, LA, Boedhoe, PSW, Brouwer, RM, Buitelaar, JK, Caeyenberghs, K, Cecil, CAM, Cohen, RA, Cole, JH, Conrod, PJ, De Brito, SA, de Zwarte, SMC, Dennis, EL, Desrivieres, S, Dima, D, Ehrlich, S, Esopenko, C, Fairchild, G, Fisher, SE, Fouche, J-P, Francks, C, Frangou, S, Franke, B, Garavan, HP, Glahn, DC, Groenewold, NA, Gurholt, TP, Gutman, BA, Hahn, T, Harding, IH, Hernaus, D, Hibar, DP, Hillary, FG, Hoogman, M, Pol, HE, Jalbrzikowski, M, Karkashadze, GA, Klapwijk, ET, Knickmeyer, RC, Kochunov, P, Koerte, IK, Kong, X-Z, Liew, S-L, Lin, AP, Logue, MW, Luders, E, Macciardi, F, Mackey, S, Mayer, AR, McDonald, CR, McMahon, AB, Medland, SE, Modinos, G, Morey, RA, Mueller, SC, Mukherjee, P, Namazova-Baranova, L, Nir, TM, Olsen, A, Paschou, P, Pine, DS, Pizzagalli, F, Renteria, ME, Rohrer, JD, Saemann, PG, Schmaal, L, Schumann, G, Shiroishi, MS, Sisodiya, SM, Smit, DJA, Sonderby, IE, Stein, DJ, Stein, JL, Tahmasian, M, Tate, DF, Turner, JA, van den Heuvel, OA, van der Wee, NJA, van der Werf, YD, van Erp, TGM, van Haren, NEM, van Rooij, D, van Velzen, LS, Veer, IM, Veltman, DJ, Villalon-Reina, JE, Walter, H, Whelan, CD, Wilde, EA, Zarei, M, and Zelman, V
- Abstract
This review summarizes the last decade of work by the ENIGMA (Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta Analysis) Consortium, a global alliance of over 1400 scientists across 43 countries, studying the human brain in health and disease. Building on large-scale genetic studies that discovered the first robustly replicated genetic loci associated with brain metrics, ENIGMA has diversified into over 50 working groups (WGs), pooling worldwide data and expertise to answer fundamental questions in neuroscience, psychiatry, neurology, and genetics. Most ENIGMA WGs focus on specific psychiatric and neurological conditions, other WGs study normal variation due to sex and gender differences, or development and aging; still other WGs develop methodological pipelines and tools to facilitate harmonized analyses of "big data" (i.e., genetic and epigenetic data, multimodal MRI, and electroencephalography data). These international efforts have yielded the largest neuroimaging studies to date in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, substance use disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorders, epilepsy, and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. More recent ENIGMA WGs have formed to study anxiety disorders, suicidal thoughts and behavior, sleep and insomnia, eating disorders, irritability, brain injury, antisocial personality and conduct disorder, and dissociative identity disorder. Here, we summarize the first decade of ENIGMA's activities and ongoing projects, and describe the successes and challenges encountered along the way. We highlight the advantages of collaborative large-scale coordinated data analyses for testing reproducibility and robustness of findings, offering the opportunity to identify brain systems involved in clinical syndromes across diverse samples and associated genetic, environmental, demographic, cognitive, and psychosocial factors.
- Published
- 2020
17. Neural correlates of symptom severity in obsessive-compulsive disorder using magnetization transfer and diffusion tensor imaging
- Author
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Maleki, S, Chye, Y, Zhang, X, Parkes, L, Chamberlain, SR, Fontenelle, LF, Braganza, L, Youssef, G, Lorenzetti, V, Harrison, BJ, Yucel, M, Suo, C, Maleki, S, Chye, Y, Zhang, X, Parkes, L, Chamberlain, SR, Fontenelle, LF, Braganza, L, Youssef, G, Lorenzetti, V, Harrison, BJ, Yucel, M, and Suo, C
- Abstract
Recent neuroimaging studies in OCD have reported structural alterations in the brain, not limited to frontostriatal regions. While Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) is typically used to interrogate WM microstructure in OCD, additional imaging metric, such as Magnetization Transfer Imaging (MTI), allows for further identification of subtle but important structural changes across both GM and WM. In this study, both MTI and DTI were utilised to investigate the structural integrity of the brain, in OCD in relation to healthy controls. 38 adult OCD patients were recruited, along with 41 age- and gender-matched controls. Structural T1, MTI and DTI data were collected. Case-control differences in Magnetization Transfer Ratio (MTR) and DTI metrics (FA, MD) were examined, along with MTR/DTI-related associations with symptom severity in patients. No significant group differences were found across MTR, FA, and MD. However, OCD symptom severity was positively correlated with MTR in a distributed network of brain regions, including the striatum, cingulate, orbitofrontal area and insula. Within the same regions, OCD symptoms were also positively correlated with FA in WM, and negatively correlated with MD in GM. These results indicate a greater degree of myelination in certain cortical and subcortical regions in the more severe cases of OCD.
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- 2020
18. Alteration to hippocampal volume and shape confined to cannabis dependence: a multi-site study
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Chye, Y., Lorenzetti, Valentina, Suo, C., Batalla, A., Cousijn, J., Goudriaan, A.E., Yucel, Murat, Solowij, Nadia, Chye, Y., Lorenzetti, Valentina, Suo, C., Batalla, A., Cousijn, J., Goudriaan, A.E., Yucel, Murat, and Solowij, Nadia
- Abstract
Contains fulltext : 204600.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)
- Published
- 2019
19. Cortical surface morphology in long-term cannabis users: A multi-site MRI study
- Author
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Chye, Y., Suo, C., Lorenzetti, V., Batalla, A., Cousijn, J., Goudriaan, A.E., Martin-Santos, R., Whittle, S., Solowij, N., Yucel, M., Chye, Y., Suo, C., Lorenzetti, V., Batalla, A., Cousijn, J., Goudriaan, A.E., Martin-Santos, R., Whittle, S., Solowij, N., and Yucel, M.
- Abstract
Item does not contain fulltext, Cannabis exerts its psychoactive effect through cannabinoid receptors that are widely distributed across the cortical surface of the human brain. It is suggested that cannabis use may contribute to structural alterations across the cortical surface. In a large, multisite dataset of 120 controls and 141 cannabis users, we examined whether differences in key characteristics of the cortical surface - including cortical thickness, surface area, and gyrification index were related to cannabis use characteristics, including (i) cannabis use vs. non-use, (ii) cannabis dependence vs. non-dependence vs. non-use, and (iii) early adolescent vs. late adolescent onset of cannabis use vs. non-use. Our results revealed that cortical morphology was not associated with cannabis use, dependence, or onset age. The lack of effect of regular cannabis use, including problematic use, on cortical structure in our study is contrary to previous evidence of cortical morphological alterations (particularly in relation to cannabis dependence and cannabis onset age) in cannabis users. Careful reevaluation of the evidence on cannabis-related harm will be necessary to address concerns surrounding the long-term effects of cannabis use and inform policies in a changing cannabis regulation climate.
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- 2019
20. Alteration to hippocampal volume and shape confined to cannabis dependence: a multi-site study
- Author
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Chye, Y, Lorenzetti, V, Suo, C, Batalla, A, Cousijn, J, Goudriaan, AE, Jenkinson, M, Martin-Santos, R, Whittle, S, Yucel, M, Solowij, N, Chye, Y, Lorenzetti, V, Suo, C, Batalla, A, Cousijn, J, Goudriaan, AE, Jenkinson, M, Martin-Santos, R, Whittle, S, Yucel, M, and Solowij, N
- Abstract
Cannabis use is highly prevalent and often considered to be relatively harmless. Nonetheless, a subset of regular cannabis users may develop dependence, experiencing poorer quality of life and greater mental health problems relative to non-dependent users. The neuroanatomy characterizing cannabis use versus dependence is poorly understood. We aimed to delineate the contributing role of cannabis use and dependence on morphology of the hippocampus, one of the most consistently altered brain regions in cannabis users, in a large multi-site dataset aggregated across four research sites. We compared hippocampal volume and vertex-level hippocampal shape differences (1) between 121 non-using controls and 140 cannabis users; (2) between 106 controls, 50 non-dependent users and 70 dependent users; and (3) between a subset of 41 controls, 41 non-dependent users and 41 dependent users, matched on sample characteristics and cannabis use pattern (onset age and dosage). Cannabis users did not differ from controls in hippocampal volume or shape. However, cannabis-dependent users had significantly smaller right and left hippocampi relative to controls and non-dependent users, irrespective of cannabis dosage. Shape analysis indicated localized deflations in the superior-medial body of the hippocampus. Our findings support neuroscientific theories postulating dependence-specific neuroadaptations in cannabis users. Future efforts should uncover the neurobiological risk and liabilities separating dependent and non-dependent use of cannabis.
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- 2019
21. Subcortical surface morphometry in substance dependence: An ENIGMA addiction working group study
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Chye, Y, Mackey, S, Gutman, BA, Ching, CRK, Batalla, A, Blaine, S, Brooks, S, Caparelli, EC, Cousijn, J, Dagher, A, Foxe, JJ, Goudriaan, AE, Hester, R, Hutchison, K, Jahanshad, N, Kaag, AM, Korucuoglu, O, Li, C-SR, London, ED, Lorenzetti, V, Luijten, M, Martin-Santos, R, Meda, SA, Momenan, R, Morales, A, Orr, C, Paulus, MP, Pearlson, G, Reneman, L, Schmaal, L, Sinha, R, Solowij, N, Stein, DJ, Stein, EA, Tang, D, Uhlmann, A, van Holst, R, Veltman, DJ, Verdejo-Garcia, A, Wiers, RW, Yuecel, M, Thompson, PM, Conrod, P, Garavan, H, Chye, Y, Mackey, S, Gutman, BA, Ching, CRK, Batalla, A, Blaine, S, Brooks, S, Caparelli, EC, Cousijn, J, Dagher, A, Foxe, JJ, Goudriaan, AE, Hester, R, Hutchison, K, Jahanshad, N, Kaag, AM, Korucuoglu, O, Li, C-SR, London, ED, Lorenzetti, V, Luijten, M, Martin-Santos, R, Meda, SA, Momenan, R, Morales, A, Orr, C, Paulus, MP, Pearlson, G, Reneman, L, Schmaal, L, Sinha, R, Solowij, N, Stein, DJ, Stein, EA, Tang, D, Uhlmann, A, van Holst, R, Veltman, DJ, Verdejo-Garcia, A, Wiers, RW, Yuecel, M, Thompson, PM, Conrod, P, and Garavan, H
- Abstract
While imaging studies have demonstrated volumetric differences in subcortical structures associated with dependence on various abused substances, findings to date have not been wholly consistent. Moreover, most studies have not compared brain morphology across those dependent on different substances of abuse to identify substance-specific and substance-general dependence effects. By pooling large multinational datasets from 33 imaging sites, this study examined subcortical surface morphology in 1628 nondependent controls and 2277 individuals with dependence on alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, methamphetamine, and/or cannabis. Subcortical structures were defined by FreeSurfer segmentation and converted to a mesh surface to extract two vertex-level metrics-the radial distance (RD) of the structure surface from a medial curve and the log of the Jacobian determinant (JD)-that, respectively, describe local thickness and surface area dilation/contraction. Mega-analyses were performed on measures of RD and JD to test for the main effect of substance dependence, controlling for age, sex, intracranial volume, and imaging site. Widespread differences between dependent users and nondependent controls were found across subcortical structures, driven primarily by users dependent on alcohol. Alcohol dependence was associated with localized lower RD and JD across most structures, with the strongest effects in the hippocampus, thalamus, putamen, and amygdala. Meanwhile, nicotine use was associated with greater RD and JD relative to nonsmokers in multiple regions, with the strongest effects in the bilateral hippocampus and right nucleus accumbens. By demonstrating subcortical morphological differences unique to alcohol and nicotine use, rather than dependence across all substances, results suggest substance-specific relationships with subcortical brain structures.
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- 2019
22. In-Situ Investigation of Surface Stoichiometry During InGaN and GaN Growth by Plasma-Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy Using RHEED-TRAXS
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Tompkins, R.P., VanMil, B. L., Schires, E. D., Lee, K., Chye, Y., Lederman, D., and Myers, T. H.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. The Influence of DAT1, COMT, and BDNF Genetic Polymorphisms on Total and Subregional Hippocampal Volumes in Early Onset Heavy Cannabis Users
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Batalla, A., Lorenzetti, V., Chye, Y., Yucel, M., Soriano-Mas, C., Bhattacharyya, S., Torrens, M., Crippa, J.A., Martin-Santos, R., Batalla, A., Lorenzetti, V., Chye, Y., Yucel, M., Soriano-Mas, C., Bhattacharyya, S., Torrens, M., Crippa, J.A., and Martin-Santos, R.
- Abstract
Contains fulltext : 191350.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), Introduction: Hippocampal neuroanatomy is affected by genetic variations in dopaminergic candidate genes and environmental insults, such as early onset of chronic cannabis exposure. Here, we examine how hippocampal total and subregional volumes are affected by cannabis use and functional polymorphisms of dopamine-relevant genes, including the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), dopamine transporter (DAT1), and the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) genes. Material and Methods: We manually traced total hippocampal volumes and automatically segmented hippocampal subregions using high-resolution MRI images, and performed COMT, DAT1, and BDNF genotyping in 59 male Caucasian young adults aged 18-30 years. These included 30 chronic cannabis users with early-onset (regular use at <16 years) and 29 age-, education-, and intelligence-matched controls. Results: Cannabis use and dopaminergic gene polymorphism had both distinct and interactive effects on the hippocampus. We found emerging alterations of hippocampal total and specific subregional volumes in cannabis users relative to controls (i.e., CA1, CA2/3, and CA4), and associations between cannabis use levels and total and specific subregional volumes. Furthermore, total hippocampal volume and the fissure subregion were affected by cannabisxDAT1 polymorphism (i.e., 9/9R and in 10/10R alleles), reflecting high and low levels of dopamine availability. Conclusion: These findings suggest that cannabis exposure alters the normal relationship between DAT1 polymorphism and the anatomy of total and subregional hippocampal volumes, and that specific hippocampal subregions may be particularly affected.
- Published
- 2018
24. The Influence of DAT1, COMT, and BDNF Genetic Polymorphisms on Total and Subregional Hippocampal Volumes in Early Onset Heavy Cannabis Users.
- Author
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Batalla, A, Lorenzetti, V, Chye, Y, Yücel, M, Soriano-Mas, C, Bhattacharyya, S, Torrens, M, Crippa, JAS, Martín-Santos, R, Batalla, A, Lorenzetti, V, Chye, Y, Yücel, M, Soriano-Mas, C, Bhattacharyya, S, Torrens, M, Crippa, JAS, and Martín-Santos, R
- Abstract
Introduction: Hippocampal neuroanatomy is affected by genetic variations in dopaminergic candidate genes and environmental insults, such as early onset of chronic cannabis exposure. Here, we examine how hippocampal total and subregional volumes are affected by cannabis use and functional polymorphisms of dopamine-relevant genes, including the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), dopamine transporter (DAT1), and the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) genes. Material and Methods: We manually traced total hippocampal volumes and automatically segmented hippocampal subregions using high-resolution MRI images, and performed COMT, DAT1, and BDNF genotyping in 59 male Caucasian young adults aged 18-30 years. These included 30 chronic cannabis users with early-onset (regular use at <16 years) and 29 age-, education-, and intelligence-matched controls. Results: Cannabis use and dopaminergic gene polymorphism had both distinct and interactive effects on the hippocampus. We found emerging alterations of hippocampal total and specific subregional volumes in cannabis users relative to controls (i.e., CA1, CA2/3, and CA4), and associations between cannabis use levels and total and specific subregional volumes. Furthermore, total hippocampal volume and the fissure subregion were affected by cannabis×DAT1 polymorphism (i.e., 9/9R and in 10/10R alleles), reflecting high and low levels of dopamine availability. Conclusion: These findings suggest that cannabis exposure alters the normal relationship between DAT1 polymorphism and the anatomy of total and subregional hippocampal volumes, and that specific hippocampal subregions may be particularly affected.
- Published
- 2018
25. The Influence of Aerobic Exercise on Hippocampal Integrity and Function: Preliminary Findings of a Multi-Modal Imaging Analysis.
- Author
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Den Ouden, L, Kandola, A, Suo, C, Hendrikse, J, Costa, RJS, Watt, MJ, Lorenzetti, V, Chye, Y, Parkes, L, Sabaroedin, K, Yücel, M, Den Ouden, L, Kandola, A, Suo, C, Hendrikse, J, Costa, RJS, Watt, MJ, Lorenzetti, V, Chye, Y, Parkes, L, Sabaroedin, K, and Yücel, M
- Abstract
Aerobic exercise (AE) interventions represent promising therapeutic approaches in disorders that compromise hippocampal integrity, but a more comprehensive account of the neural mechanisms stimulated by AE in the human brain is needed. We conducted a longitudinal pilot-study to assess the impact of a 12-week AE intervention on hippocampal structure and function in 10 healthy, human participants (50% females; 25-59 years). Using a novel combination of multimodal MRI techniques, we found significant increases in left hippocampal volume, Cornu Ammonis subfield area 1, NAA concentration and immediate verbal recall performance. Our preliminary findings highlight the utility of a multimodal approach in assessing hippocampal integrity.
- Published
- 2018
26. Role of orbitofrontal sulcogyral pattern on lifetime cannabis use and depressive symptoms
- Author
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Chye, Y., Solowij, N., Ganella, E.P., Suo, C., Yucel, M., Batalla, A., Cousijn, J., Goudriaan, A.E., Martin-Santos, R., Whittle, S., Bartholomeusz, C.F., Lorenzetti, V., Chye, Y., Solowij, N., Ganella, E.P., Suo, C., Yucel, M., Batalla, A., Cousijn, J., Goudriaan, A.E., Martin-Santos, R., Whittle, S., Bartholomeusz, C.F., and Lorenzetti, V.
- Abstract
Item does not contain fulltext, Orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) sulcogyral patterns are stable morphological variations established early in life. They consist of three distinct pattern types, with Type III in particular being associated with poor regulatory control (e.g., high sensation seeking and negative emotionality, low constraint), which may confer risk for earlier onset of cannabis (CB) use and greater use in later life. The OFC sulcogyral pattern may therefore be a stable trait marker in understanding individual differences in substance-use vulnerability and associated affective disturbances in users. In a large multisite cross-sectional study, we compared OFC pattern type distribution between 128 healthy controls (HC) and 146 CB users. Within users (n=140), we explored the association between OFC pattern type and CB use level, and subsequently if level of CB use informed by OFC pattern type may mediate disturbances in affective tone, as indexed by depressive symptoms. While OFC pattern distribution did not distinguish between HC and CB groups, it informed greater lifetime use within users. Specifically, CB users with pattern Type III in the right OFC tended to use more CB over their lifetime, than did CB users with pattern Type I or II. Greater lifetime CB use was subsequently associated with higher depressive symptoms, such that it mediated an indirect association between right OFC pattern Type III and higher depressive symptoms. The present study provides evidence for neurobiological differences, specifically sulcogyral pattern of the OFC, to modulate level of CB use, which may subsequently influence the expression of depressive symptoms.
- Published
- 2017
27. Design of BPSK transmitter using FPGA with DAC
- Author
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Chye, Y. H., primary, Ain, M. F., additional, and Zawawi, Norzihan M., additional
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Inversion of Ferromagnetic Proximity Polarization by MgO Interlayers
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Li, Yan, primary, Chye, Y., additional, Chiang, Y. F., additional, Pi, K., additional, Wang, W. H., additional, Stephens, J. M., additional, Mack, S., additional, Awschalom, D. D., additional, and Kawakami, R. K., additional
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Molecular beam epitaxy of YMnO3 on c-plane GaN
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Chye, Y., primary, Liu, T., additional, Li, D., additional, Lee, K., additional, Lederman, D., additional, and Myers, T. H., additional
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Erratum: “Enhanced photoluminescence of InAs self-assembled quantum dots grown by molecular-beam epitaxy using a “nucleation-augmented” method” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 567 (2004)]
- Author
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Chia, C. K., primary, Chua, S. J., additional, Miao, Z. L., additional, and Chye, Y. H., additional
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Optical properties of InAs∕GaAs surface quantum dots
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Miao, Z. L., primary, Zhang, Y. W., additional, Chua, S. J., additional, Chye, Y. H., additional, Chen, P., additional, and Tripathy, S., additional
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Voltage control of nuclear spin in ferromagnetic Schottky diodes
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Epstein, R. J., primary, Stephens, J., additional, Hanson, M., additional, Chye, Y., additional, Gossard, A. C., additional, Petroff, P. M., additional, and Awschalom, D. D., additional
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Spin injection from (Ga,Mn)As into InAs quantum dots
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Chye, Y., primary, White, M. E., additional, Johnston-Halperin, E., additional, Gerardot, B. D., additional, Awschalom, D. D., additional, and Petroff, P. M., additional
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Spontaneous spin coherence inn-GaAs produced by ferromagnetic proximity polarization
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Epstein, R. J., primary, Malajovich, I., additional, Kawakami, R. K., additional, Chye, Y., additional, Hanson, M., additional, Petroff, P. M., additional, Gossard, A. C., additional, and Awschalom, D. D., additional
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Optical property of Fe/GaAs(001) hybrid structures grown by molecular beam epitaxy
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Chye, Y., primary, Huard, V., additional, White, M.E., additional, Gerardot, B., additional, and Petroff, P.M., additional
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Properties of a Fe/GaAs(001) hybrid structure grown by molecular-beam epitaxy
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Chye, Y., primary, Huard, V., additional, White, M. E., additional, and Petroff, P. M., additional
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Energy enhancement scaling for quasi-stable soliton transmission in lossy dispersion-managed fiber links
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Chye, Y. H., primary, Zhou, Feng, additional, and Chin, Mee Koy, additional
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Microwave dielectric properties of rubber and oil palm leaf samples: Measurement and modelling
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Chuah, H. T., primary, Kam, S. W., additional, and Chye, Y. H., additional
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- 1997
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- View/download PDF
39. Optical property of Fe/GaAs(0 0 1) hybrid structures grown by molecular beam epitaxy
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Chye, Y., Huard, V., White, M.E., Gerardot, B., and Petroff, P.M.
- Subjects
- *
THIN films , *IRON , *EPITAXY , *SPINTRONICS - Abstract
We report on the epitaxy of Fe thin films on GaAs(0 0 1) using molecular beam epitaxy with two new growth methods which optimize the interface quality for spin injection. These methods make use of low temperature deposition at
−150°C and/or of an ultra-thin Al interlayer, respectively. High quality, epitaxial single crystal Fe films have been obtained using these methods. The Fe films have easy axes along [1 1 0] with square hysteresis loops and hard axes along[1¯ 1 0] . Photoluminescence of anAl0.3Ga0.7As/GaAs quantum well in close proximity to the Fe film is used to determine the quality of the Fe/GaAs interface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Effect of age, sex and parity on anorectal function.
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Jameson, J. S., Chia, Y. W., Kamm, M. A., Speakman, C. T. M., Chye, Y. H., and Henry, M. M.
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Molecular beam epitaxy of YMnO3 on c-plane GaN.
- Author
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Chye, Y., Liu, T., Li, D., Lee, K., Lederman, D., and Myers, T. H.
- Subjects
- *
EPITAXY , *MOLECULAR dynamics , *POLARIZATION (Electricity) , *HETEROSTRUCTURES , *FERROELECTRIC crystals , *MOLECULAR beam epitaxy - Abstract
Epitaxial YMnO3 films were grown on (0001) GaN-on-sapphire templates using molecular beam epitaxy. The YMnO3 maintained the (0001) orientation with an in-plane YMnO3/GaN epitaxial relationship of (0001)∥(0001); [1100]∥[1120]. The YMnO3 was ferroelectric at room temperature with a remanent polarization of ∼3.2 μC/cm² and a saturation polarization of ∼12 μC/cm². This heterostructure is a promising candidate for multifunctional structures that integrate ferroelectrics with GaN-based high-power and short-wavelength light-emitting devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Enhanced photoluminescence of InAs self-assembled quantum dots grown by molecular-beam epitaxy using a “nucleation-augmented” method.
- Author
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Chia, C. K., Chua, S. J., Miao, Z. L., and Chye, Y. H.
- Subjects
PHOTOLUMINESCENCE ,QUANTUM dots ,MOLECULAR beam epitaxy ,NUCLEATION ,MONOMOLECULAR films - Abstract
A two-stage “nucleation-augmented” growth method for producing InAs self-assembled quantum dots (QDs) using molecular-beam epitaxy on GaAs (100) substrates has been investigated in detail. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements show that a 1.8-monolayer-(MLs) InAs QD “nucleation” layer grown at a fast rate, followed by a 2.6-MLs-InAs “augmented” layer grown under pulsed conditions at a slow rate, dramatically increases the dot density and improves the PL intensity for the InAs QDs. It was found that, when the effective growth rate of the InAs augmented layer was reduced, the PL peak emission shifts to a longer wavelength and the PL intensity is enhanced. These changes in characteristics were attributed to improved optical quality and greater dot density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Regular Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) Users: A preliminary study
- Author
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Singh, D., Chye, Y., Suo, C., Yücel, M., Grundmann, O., Ahmad, M. Z., Eric Tatt Wei Ho, Mansor, S. M., Yusof, S. R., Mccurdy, C. R., Mϋller, C., Boyer, E. W., and Vicknasingam, B.
44. Longitudinal Structural Brain Changes in Bipolar Disorder: A Multicenter Neuroimaging Study of 1232 Individuals by the ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Working Group
- Author
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Abe, C., Ching, C.R.K., Liberg, B., Lebedev, A.V., Agartz, I., Akudjedu, Theophilus. N., Alda, M., Alnæs, D., Alonso-Lana, S., Benedetti, F., Berk, M., Bøen, E., Bonnin, C.D.M., Breuer, F., Brosch, K., Brouwer, R.M., Canales-Rodríguez, E.J., Cannon, D.M., Chye, Y., Dahl, A., Dandash, O., Dannlowski, U., Dohm, K., Elvsåshagen, T., Fisch, L., Fullerton, J.M., Goikolea, J.M., Grotegerd, D., Haatveit, B., Hahn, T., Hajek, T., Heindel, W., Ingvar, M., Sim, K., Kircher, T.T.J., Lenroot, R.K., Malt, U.F., McDonald, C., McWhinney, S.R., Melle, I., Meller, T., Melloni, E.M.T., Mitchell, P.B., Nabulsi, L., Nenadić, I., Opel, N., Overs, B.J., Panicalli, F., Pfarr, J.K., Poletti, S., Pomarol-Clotet, E., Radua, J., Repple, J., Ringwald, K.G., Roberts, G., Rodriguez-Cano, E., Salvador, R., Sarink, K., Sarró, S., Schmitt, S., Stein, F., Suo, C., Thomopoulos, S.I., Tronchin, G., Vieta, E., Westlye, L.T., White, A.G., Yatham, L.N., Zak, N., Thompson, P.M., Andreassen, O.A., Landen, M., Abe, C., Ching, C.R.K., Liberg, B., Lebedev, A.V., Agartz, I., Akudjedu, Theophilus. N., Alda, M., Alnæs, D., Alonso-Lana, S., Benedetti, F., Berk, M., Bøen, E., Bonnin, C.D.M., Breuer, F., Brosch, K., Brouwer, R.M., Canales-Rodríguez, E.J., Cannon, D.M., Chye, Y., Dahl, A., Dandash, O., Dannlowski, U., Dohm, K., Elvsåshagen, T., Fisch, L., Fullerton, J.M., Goikolea, J.M., Grotegerd, D., Haatveit, B., Hahn, T., Hajek, T., Heindel, W., Ingvar, M., Sim, K., Kircher, T.T.J., Lenroot, R.K., Malt, U.F., McDonald, C., McWhinney, S.R., Melle, I., Meller, T., Melloni, E.M.T., Mitchell, P.B., Nabulsi, L., Nenadić, I., Opel, N., Overs, B.J., Panicalli, F., Pfarr, J.K., Poletti, S., Pomarol-Clotet, E., Radua, J., Repple, J., Ringwald, K.G., Roberts, G., Rodriguez-Cano, E., Salvador, R., Sarink, K., Sarró, S., Schmitt, S., Stein, F., Suo, C., Thomopoulos, S.I., Tronchin, G., Vieta, E., Westlye, L.T., White, A.G., Yatham, L.N., Zak, N., Thompson, P.M., Andreassen, O.A., and Landen, M.
- Abstract
Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with cortical and subcortical structural brain abnormalities. It is unclear whether such alterations progressively change over time, and how this is related to the number of mood episodes. To address this question, we analyzed a large and diverse international sample with longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical data to examine structural brain changes over time in BD. Methods: Longitudinal structural MRI and clinical data from the ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta Analysis) BD Working Group, including 307 patients with BD and 925 healthy control subjects, were collected from 14 sites worldwide. Male and female participants, aged 40 ± 17 years, underwent MRI at 2 time points. Cortical thickness, surface area, and subcortical volumes were estimated using FreeSurfer. Annualized change rates for each imaging phenotype were compared between patients with BD and healthy control subjects. Within patients, we related brain change rates to the number of mood episodes between time points and tested for effects of demographic and clinical variables. Results: Compared with healthy control subjects, patients with BD showed faster enlargement of ventricular volumes and slower thinning of the fusiform and parahippocampal cortex (0.18 < d < 0.22). More (hypo)manic episodes were associated with faster cortical thinning, primarily in the prefrontal cortex. Conclusions: In the hitherto largest longitudinal MRI study on BD, we did not detect accelerated cortical thinning but noted faster ventricular enlargements in BD. However, abnormal frontocortical thinning was observed in association with frequent manic episodes. Our study yields insights into disease progression in BD and highlights the importance of mania prevention in BD treatment.
45. Practical Skills Testing in Science
- Author
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Tamir, P., Doran, R. L., and Chye, Y. O.
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Longitudinal structural brain changes in bipolar disorder: A multicenter neuroimaging study of 1232 individuals by the ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Working Group
- Author
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Theophilus N. Akudjedu, Frederike Stein, Edith Pomarol-Clotet, Lars T. Westlye, Ulrik Fredrik Malt, Erlend Bøen, Fabian Breuer, Chao Suo, Tina Meller, Tim Hahn, Francesco Benedetti, Jose Manuel Goikolea, Silvia Alonso-Lana, Adam George White, Dag Alnæs, Julia-Katharina Pfarr, Beathe Haatveit, Sara Poletti, Kai Ringwald, Nathalia Zak, Benny Liberg, Kelvin Sarink, Giulia Tronchin, Yann Chye, Janice M. Fullerton, Orwa Dandash, Igor Nenadic, Caterina del Mar Bonnín, Elisa M T Melloni, Udo Dannlowski, Michael Berk, Dominik Grotegerd, Christopher R.K. Ching, Lukas Fisch, Torbjørn Elvsåshagen, Andreas Dahl, Martin Alda, Francesco Panicalli, Ingrid Agartz, Martin Ingvar, Bronwyn Overs, Joaquim Radua, Katharina Brosch, Alexander V. Lebedev, Kang Sim, Tilo Kircher, Leila Nabulsi, Dara M. Cannon, Erick J. Canales-Rodríguez, Paul M. Thompson, Nils Opel, Jonathan Repple, R. Salvador, Katharina Dohm, Philip B. Mitchell, Colm McDonald, Salvador Sarró, Rachel M. Brouwer, Ole A. Andreassen, Tomas Hajek, Mikael Landén, Simon Schmitt, Sophia I. Thomopoulos, Elena Rodriguez-Cano, Eduard Vieta, Ingrid Melle, Rhoshel K. Lenroot, Lakshmi N. Yatham, Sean R. McWhinney, Gloria Roberts, Christoph Abé, Walter Heindel, Abe, C., Ching, C. R. K., Liberg, B., Lebedev, A. V., Agartz, I., Akudjedu, T. N., Alda, M., Alnaes, D., Alonso-Lana, S., Benedetti, F., Berk, M., Boen, E., Bonnin, C. D. M., Breuer, F., Brosch, K., Brouwer, R. M., Canales-Rodriguez, E. J., Cannon, D. M., Chye, Y., Dahl, A., Dandash, O., Dannlowski, U., Dohm, K., Elvsashagen, T., Fisch, L., Fullerton, J. M., Goikolea, J. M., Grotegerd, D., Haatveit, B., Hahn, T., Hajek, T., Heindel, W., Ingvar, M., Sim, K., Kircher, T. T. J., Lenroot, R. K., Malt, U. F., Mcdonald, C., Mcwhinney, S. R., Melle, I., Meller, T., Melloni, E. M. T., Mitchell, P. B., Nabulsi, L., Nenadic, I., Opel, N., Overs, B. J., Panicalli, F., Pfarr, J. -K., Poletti, S., Pomarol-Clotet, E., Radua, J., Repple, J., Ringwald, K. G., Roberts, G., Rodriguez-Cano, E., Salvador, R., Sarink, K., Sarro, S., Schmitt, S., Stein, F., Suo, C., Thomopoulos, S. I., Tronchin, G., Vieta, E., Westlye, L. T., White, A. G., Yatham, L. N., Zak, N., Thompson, P. M., Andreassen, O. A., Landen, M., Complex Trait Genetics, and Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Longitudinal study ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Bipolar disorder ,Neuroimaging ,volume changes ,surface-based analysis ,Young Adult ,gray-matter ,Cortex (anatomy) ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Multicenter Studies as Topic ,Biological Psychiatry ,mri ,human cerebral-cortex ,Psychiatry ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,ENIGMA ,Brain ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,Cerebral Cortical Thinning ,Middle Aged ,cortical thickness ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Neuroprogression ,Mania ,genetic influences ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Mood ,Meta-analysis ,Cardiology ,lithium treatment ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,i disorder ,business ,metaanalysis - Abstract
Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with cortical and subcortical structural brain abnormalities. It is unclear whether such alterations progressively change over time, and how this is related to the number of mood episodes. To address this question, we analyzed a large and diverse international sample with longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical data to examine structural brain changes over time in BD. Methods: Longitudinal structural MRI and clinical data from the ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta Analysis) BD Working Group, including 307 patients with BD and 925 healthy control subjects, were collected from 14 sites worldwide. Male and female participants, aged 40 ± 17 years, underwent MRI at 2 time points. Cortical thickness, surface area, and subcortical volumes were estimated using FreeSurfer. Annualized change rates for each imaging phenotype were compared between patients with BD and healthy control subjects. Within patients, we related brain change rates to the number of mood episodes between time points and tested for effects of demographic and clinical variables. Results: Compared with healthy control subjects, patients with BD showed faster enlargement of ventricular volumes and slower thinning of the fusiform and parahippocampal cortex (0.18 < d < 0.22). More (hypo)manic episodes were associated with faster cortical thinning, primarily in the prefrontal cortex. Conclusions: In the hitherto largest longitudinal MRI study on BD, we did not detect accelerated cortical thinning but noted faster ventricular enlargements in BD. However, abnormal frontocortical thinning was observed in association with frequent manic episodes. Our study yields insights into disease progression in BD and highlights the importance of mania prevention in BD treatment.
- Published
- 2022
47. Erratum: “Enhanced photoluminescence of InAs self-assembled quantum dots grown by molecular-beam epitaxy using a “nucleation-augmented” method” [Appl. Phys. Lett.85, 567 (2004)]
- Author
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Chye, Y. [Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602 (Singapore)]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Enhanced photoluminescence of InAs self-assembled quantum dots grown by molecular-beam epitaxy using a 'nucleation-augmented' method
- Author
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Chye, Y [Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602 (Singapore)]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Cannabis Dependence is Associated with Reduced Hippocampal Subregion Volumes Independently of Sex: Findings from an ENIGMA Addiction Working Group Multi-Country Study.
- Author
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Lorenzetti V, Gaillard A, McTavish E, Grace S, Rossetti MG, Batalla A, Bellani M, Brambilla P, Chye Y, Conrod P, Cousijn J, Labuschagne I, Clemente A, Mackey S, Rendell P, Solowij N, Suo C, Li CR, Terrett G, Thompson PM, Yücel M, Garavan H, and Roberts CA
- Abstract
Background: Males and females who consume cannabis can experience different mental health and cognitive problems. Neuroscientific theories of addiction postulate that dependence is underscored by neuroadaptations, but do not account for the contribution of distinct sexes. Further, there is little evidence for sex differences in the neurobiology of cannabis dependence as most neuroimaging studies have been conducted in largely male samples in which cannabis dependence, as opposed to use, is often not ascertained. Methods: We examined subregional hippocampus and amygdala volumetry in a sample of 206 people recruited from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group. They included 59 people with cannabis dependence (17 females), 49 cannabis users without cannabis dependence (20 females), and 98 controls (33 females). Results: We found no group-by-sex effect on subregional volumetry. The left hippocampal cornu ammonis subfield 1 (CA1) volumes were lower in dependent cannabis users compared with non-dependent cannabis users ( p <0.001, d =0.32) and with controls ( p =0.022, d =0.18). Further, the left cornu ammonis subfield 3 (CA3) and left dentate gyrus volumes were lower in dependent versus non-dependent cannabis users but not versus controls ( p =0.002, d =0.37, and p =0.002, d =0.31, respectively). All models controlled for age, intelligence quotient (IQ), alcohol and tobacco use, and intracranial volume. Amygdala volumetry was not affected by group or group-by-sex, but was smaller in females than males. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the relationship between cannabis dependence and subregional volumetry was not moderated by sex. Specifically, dependent (rather than non-dependent) cannabis use may be associated with alterations in selected hippocampus subfields high in cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptors and implicated in addictive behavior. As these data are cross-sectional, it is plausible that differences predate cannabis dependence onset and contribute to the initiation of cannabis dependence. Longitudinal neuroimaging work is required to examine the time-course of the onset of subregional hippocampal alterations in cannabis dependence, and their progression as cannabis dependence exacerbates or recovers over time.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Brain volumes in alcohol use disorder: Do females and males differ? A whole-brain magnetic resonance imaging mega-analysis.
- Author
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Maggioni E, Rossetti MG, Allen NB, Batalla A, Bellani M, Chye Y, Cousijn J, Goudriaan AE, Hester R, Hutchison K, Li CR, Martin-Santos R, Momenan R, Sinha R, Schmaal L, Solowij N, Suo C, van Holst RJ, Veltman DJ, Yücel M, Thompson PM, Conrod P, Mackey S, Garavan H, Brambilla P, and Lorenzetti V
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, Male, Brain diagnostic imaging, Brain pathology, Gray Matter diagnostic imaging, Gray Matter pathology, Alcohol Drinking, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Alcoholism diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests distinct neurobiological correlates of alcohol use disorder (AUD) between sexes, which however remain largely unexplored. This work from ENIGMA Addiction Working Group aimed to characterize the sex differences in gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) correlates of AUD using a whole-brain, voxel-based, multi-tissue mega-analytic approach, thereby extending our recent surface-based region of interest findings on a nearly matching sample using a complementary methodological approach. T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from 653 people with AUD and 326 controls was analyzed using voxel-based morphometry. The effects of group, sex, group-by-sex, and substance use severity in AUD on brain volumes were assessed using General Linear Models. Individuals with AUD relative to controls had lower GM volume in striatal, thalamic, cerebellar, and widespread cortical clusters. Group-by-sex effects were found in cerebellar GM and WM volumes, which were more affected by AUD in females than males. Smaller group-by-sex effects were also found in frontotemporal WM tracts, which were more affected in AUD females, and in temporo-occipital and midcingulate GM volumes, which were more affected in AUD males. AUD females but not males showed a negative association between monthly drinks and precentral GM volume. Our results suggest that AUD is associated with both shared and distinct widespread effects on GM and WM volumes in females and males. This evidence advances our previous region of interest knowledge, supporting the usefulness of adopting an exploratory perspective and the need to include sex as a relevant moderator variable in AUD., (© 2023 The Authors. Human Brain Mapping published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
- Published
- 2023
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