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Researchers at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health have found that exposure to respirable crystalline silica nanoparticles during the fabrication of engineered stone countertops is a growing occupational health concern. The study used X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to analyze the aerosol released during fabrication, revealing the presence of alpha-quartz and cristobalite polymorphs in all size fractions. The research suggests that assessing exposure based on surface area rather than mass may be more effective in evaluating the efficacy of current engineering control systems. For more information, the full study can be found in ACS Omega. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Cincinnati focused on the biotinylation of an anti-cocaine monoclonal antibody (mAb) and its effects on solubility and adsorptivity. The research found that higher levels of biotin labeling decreased mAb solubility and increased binding to surfaces, impacting the characterization of the biotinylated antibody. The study recommended maintaining a biotin labeling ratio of about 3 biotin/mAb to preserve antigen binding, structure, solubility, and stability of the mAb, which could be crucial for similar mAbs in development or use. This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health National Institute on Drug Abuse Grant and has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have developed a new method to control and define ischemic severity in ex vivo models, allowing for more precise comparisons to in vivo models and facilitating mechanistic studies. This approach involves characterizing three different ischemic severities - normoxia, mild ischemia, and severe ischemia - using an oxygen sensor. The research demonstrates that controlling oxygen and glucose concentration ex vivo impacts cell expression, recruitment, and cell damage within 30 minutes, providing a new experimental approach for investigating the molecular mechanisms involved in ischemia. This study has been peer-reviewed and will significantly impact the ability to assess ischemic damage in ex vivo platforms. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center focused on a case of Mirage Syndrome with a samd9 mutation and refractory infantile diarrhea. The research highlighted complex light and electron microscopic abnormalities in the duodenum of an infant with intractable diarrhea. The findings suggest that the SAMD9 mutation may alter mucosal growth and the processing of mucin, Paneth, and neurosecretory granules, leading to specific granule degradation in enterocyte lysosomes. The study concluded that the multisystem manifestations of Mirage Syndrome may be attributed to a primary disorder of microsomal trafficking. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center focused on the transition of adolescents and young adults with epilepsy from pediatric to adult neurology care. The research highlighted the importance of age and self-efficacy in preparing individuals for this transition. Findings indicated that only 44% of participants had discussed health care transition with their pediatric neurologist, emphasizing the need for routine assessment of epilepsy self-efficacy and transition readiness to identify those who may benefit from targeted interventions. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Cincinnati Children's Hospital discusses research findings on Early Childhood Research, focusing on barriers parents face in enrolling their children in early care and education (ECE) programs. The study engaged parents and frontline ECE staff as co-investigators to examine family perspectives and system-level barriers simultaneously. The research identified nine types of barriers in three categories, leading to the co-creation of eight policy or system prototypes to address these challenges. The study highlights the importance of involving targeted users in the design of ECE policies and systems to improve access for families with low incomes or families of color. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center focused on the use of allogeneic haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) in children with refractory systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis-related lung disease (sJIA-LD). The study involved 13 patients who underwent HSCT and found that all surviving patients had a complete response with no active signs of sJIA, no need for immunomodulatory therapy or corticosteroids, and no dependence on supplemental oxygen. The research suggests that allogeneic HSCT could be a valuable treatment option for children with worsening oxygen dependence or severe treatment-related morbidity. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Cincinnati examined the relationship between poor mental health and placement in restrictive housing within Ohio prisons. The research found that individuals with declining mental health during their sentence had lower odds of being placed in administrative segregation, with no significant effects on subsequent mental health. However, individuals with poorer mental health at prison intake had higher odds of placement in disciplinary segregation within the first year of confinement. This peer-reviewed study sheds light on the complex interplay between mental health and segregation in correctional settings. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of Cincinnati conducted a study on pediatric nurses' descriptions of fatigue in occupational injury reports. The study found that approximately 30% of participants reported fatigue-related content, with themes such as Work Stressors, Individual Risk Factors, and Adverse Outcomes from Fatigue emerging from the data. The research concluded that efforts are needed to improve fatigue reporting among nurses, including utilizing technology for real-time reporting and changing the culture around fatigue reporting. This study was published in Work-a Journal of Prevention Assessment & Rehabilitation and was peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center examined the impact of caregiver-nurse communication on the quality of life and clinical outcomes of children with long-term ventilator dependence. The research found that specific communication behaviors, such as listening, advocating, and negotiating care roles, were associated with various outcomes post-discharge. Family caregivers were shown to advocate and negotiate roles to ensure appropriate care for themselves and their children. This study highlights the importance of effective communication between caregivers and nurses in improving outcomes for hospitalized children with long-term ventilator dependence. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have conducted studies on the skin microbiome and its role in dermatological disorders such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and skin cancers. They have highlighted the potential of microbiome-based therapies (MBTs) as a novel intervention platform for treating these conditions. The research explores the development and therapeutic potential of MBTs in addressing common skin disorders, offering more tailored treatment approaches. This peer-reviewed study provides valuable insights into the use of MBTs in dermatological care. [Extracted from the article]

Research conducted at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center has updated our knowledge about Fragile X Syndrome through a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, single-dose, crossover trial of lovastatin or minocycline. The study involved 29 participants with FXS, ages 15-45, who received a single oral dose of either drug or a placebo. The results showed no overall treatment effects for any outcomes, but some modest drug responses varied based on sex and age, with lovastatin associated with improved spatial awareness in older participants and females. The study design was validated for use in neurodevelopmental populations, and the research was financially supported by the Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory at Rush University. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Cincinnati Children's Hospital discusses the relationship between bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and tracheomalacia (TM) in infants. The study used ultrashort echo-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess TM in neonates and found that infants with MRI-identified TM and BPD had increased respiratory morbidity through age 2 years. The research highlights the significance of central airway disease in neonates with BPD, indicating increased respiratory support and more frequent usage of systemic corticosteroids and bronchodilators for infants with TM. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Cincinnati focused on the management of Hereditary Angioedema (HAE) through Shared Decision Making (SDM) between patients and physicians. The study involved ten HAE treating physicians and 50 patients, who used SDM to select the best prophylactic therapies for HAE. Results showed high levels of agreement between patients and physicians on the effectiveness of SDM in choosing treatment options. The research concluded that SDM is being effectively implemented by physicians to determine optimal management strategies for patients with HAE. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have developed pH-responsive electrospun nanofibers incorporating Carbopol, a biocompatible material commonly used in pharmaceuticals and personal care products. These fibers exhibit unique rheological properties, forming a viscous network at higher pH levels. The study provides insights for designing Carbopol fibers for various biomedical applications, including drug delivery, wound dressing, and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. Financial support for the research was provided by the NIH Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) examined the impact of sewage sources on the risk of Norovirus contamination in recreational waters. The research found that different types of sewage discharge events can affect the concentrations of Norovirus and fecal indicators like HF183 in water samples. By analyzing these concentrations, the study developed risk-based thresholds for recreational water quality management, allowing for the rapid application of safety measures in response to sewage releases. This peer-reviewed research provides valuable insights into managing the health risks associated with sewage contamination in water bodies. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by investigators from the University of Cincinnati examined the impact of mass incarceration on pediatric health from 2009 to 2020. The research found that youth with personal or familial justice involvement had significantly higher rates of mental and physical health diagnoses compared to a matched sample of youth without such involvement. The study highlights the disparities in health outcomes between youth with and without contact with the criminal legal system, emphasizing the need for better investment in monitoring and prevention efforts. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the University of Cincinnati conducted a pilot investigation into the effects of Vocal Combat Technique (VCT) training on voice over actors who perform vocally violent voice overs in video games. The study involved five participants who showed positive improvements in vocal symptomology after receiving VCT training, with medium to large effect sizes. The researchers suggest further studies with a larger enrollment of voice actors to determine optimal preventative and recovery techniques. The findings were published in the Journal of Voice and were supported by the University of Cincinnati College-Conservatory of Music Faculty Development Fund. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Cincinnati Children's Hospital focused on the placental and clinical correlations in diabetic pregnancies, particularly those with gestational diabetes mellitus. The research found that diabetic pregnancies showed a higher prevalence of gestational hypertension, chronic hypertension, polyhydramnios, umbilical cord compromise, cesarean sections, macerated stillbirths, neonatal deaths, and fetal malformations. Placental fetal vascular malperfusion (FVM) was identified as a common occurrence in these pregnancies, potentially increasing the risk of neonatal systemic thrombotic pathology. The study also noted an increased frequency of hypoxic lesions and patterns in diabetic pregnancies. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the University of Cincinnati conducted a study to evaluate the ability of surgical residency application reviewers to identify artificial intelligence-generated personal statements and understand perceptions of this practice. The study found that participants could only correctly identify AI-generated personal statements 59% of the time, with concerns raised about the impact of AI on the application process. The research concluded that surgical faculty and residents cannot reliably distinguish AI-generated personal statements. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center focused on improving adherence to antiseizure medications in youth with epilepsy. The study utilized a sequential, multiple assignment, randomized trial to test the effectiveness of a behavioral health intervention. Researchers aimed to address the issue of suboptimal adherence in pediatric patients with epilepsy, highlighting the importance of tailored interventions for diverse populations. The study's findings and methodology were published in Contemporary Clinical Trials and discussed the challenges faced during recruitment and retention, including adaptations made due to the COVID-19 pandemic. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine examined the confidence of final-year medical students in providing culturally sensitive care to immigrant and refugee populations. The research found that most students felt unprepared and lacked sufficient class time and clinical exposure in caring for immigrants and refugees. Factors such as increased class time and clinical opportunities were associated with higher levels of confidence among students entering residency. The study highlights the importance of enhancing medical education to better prepare future healthcare providers to deliver culturally sensitive care to diverse populations. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the University of Cincinnati have identified the modified nucleoside 5-methylcytidine (m(5)C) in Escherichia coli transfer RNA (tRNA), specifically at position 49 of tRNA Tyr-QUA-II. The levels of m(5)C in this tRNA increase significantly under high reactive oxygen species (ROS) conditions and are regulated by the enzyme rsmF. The study highlights how cells adapt to changing environmental conditions through variations in tRNA modification profiles. The research was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Rieveschl Eminent Scholar Endowment at the University of Cincinnati. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Cincinnati focuses on genetic testing and counseling for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM), a hereditary condition affecting approximately 1 in 500 adults. The study emphasizes the importance of incorporating genetic services into clinical settings for individuals with HCM, highlighting key recommendations for genetic testing and counseling based on recent disease guidelines and evidence reviews. This research, supported by the Media Lab at Cincinnati Children's Hospital, provides a comprehensive framework to guide healthcare providers in genetic test selection, variant classification, and cascade testing for the genetic evaluation of HCM. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Cincinnati Children's Hospital conducted a study to assess the relationship between early postoperative urinary CCL14 levels and persistent severe acute kidney injury (AKI) in pediatric post-cardiac surgery patients. The study found that CCL14 was not associated with persistent severe AKI in this cohort of children undergoing cardiac surgery. Further research is needed to evaluate the use of CCL14 for predicting persistent severe AKI in children. The study was supported by the Heart Institute Research Core (HIRC) at Cincinnati Children's Hospital and has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the University of Cincinnati explores the impact of glucocorticoid administration on glucose metabolism in the heart through a cardiomyocyte-autonomous transactivation program. The research highlights the critical roles of the cardiomyocyte-specific glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and Krüppel-like factor15 (KLF15) in maintaining normal heart function and regulating cardiac metabolism. By identifying cardiomyocyte-autonomous targets for the GR/KLF15 axis in glucose metabolism, the study sheds light on circadian-dependent cardioprotective effects of glucocorticoids. This research provides valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies for improving heart health. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Cincinnati Children's Hospital focused on the uptake of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines among adolescent survivors of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). The research found that 55.5% of eligible patients received at least one dose of the HPV vaccine after HSCT, with 68.2% of those who initiated vaccination completing two or more doses. The study highlighted the suboptimal rate of HPV vaccine uptake in HSCT survivorship and emphasized the importance of improving vaccination rates to prevent secondary malignancies in this high-risk population. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from Cincinnati Children's Hospital explores the diverse roles of neutrophils in hematology, highlighting their importance in innate immunity and potential pathogenic functions. Neutrophils, the most abundant leukocytes in the blood, play a crucial role in antibacterial defense but can also contribute to tissue repair and inflammation. The research emphasizes the need to understand neutrophil plasticity and different cell states to unravel their complex roles in homeostasis and disease. This peer-reviewed study provides valuable insights into the protective and pathogenic functions of neutrophils, shedding light on their involvement in various health conditions. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center conducted a study on cystic fibrosis, focusing on predicting rapid lung function decline using social and environmental determinants of health. The study utilized a novel Bayesian stochastic linear mixed effects model with spike and slab regression to incorporate spatial correlation and geomarkers for enhanced prediction of disease progression. The research, supported by NIH, concluded that integrating spatiotemporal effects and geomarkers into the model improved the dynamic prediction of rapid cystic fibrosis progression. The study has been peer-reviewed and published in Environmetrics, with additional information available through the DOI link provided. [Extracted from the article]

Recent research from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center focused on Fragile X Syndrome, a genetic condition. The study aimed to establish meaningful change thresholds for caregiver-rated assessments in individuals with Fragile X Syndrome. By analyzing data from clinical trials of arbaclofen, researchers determined thresholds for specific outcome measures, such as irritability and anxiety. This work may inform future study criteria and aid in interpreting treatment outcomes for individuals with Fragile X Syndrome. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center conducted a study on pediatric patients with insomnia to identify predictors of treatment outcomes. The study included 1,428 patients aged 1.5-18 years who were evaluated in a behavioral sleep clinic. Findings showed that psychiatric symptoms, sociodemographic factors, and baseline sleep variables significantly influenced treatment outcomes, emphasizing the importance of a proactive and developmentally sensitive approach in managing insomnia treatment barriers. The research was published in the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine and highlighted the need for pediatric health providers to address comorbid mental health concerns in insomnia treatment. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center discusses cancer screening in children with syndromes associated with bone lesions, hereditary leiomyoma, and renal cell carcinoma syndrome. The research emphasizes the importance of early detection and intervention to reduce morbidity from neoplasms. Various rare conditions, such as Ollier disease and Maffucci syndrome, are reviewed, highlighting the need for surveillance and monitoring for potential malignancies. The study recommends tailored surveillance strategies for each syndrome based on age-specific tumor risk profiles, with an emphasis on educating patients and families about potential malignancy risks. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center emphasizes the importance of using accurate anatomical terminology, particularly in pediatric dermatology. The research highlights the significance of educating children and their families on correct anatomical language to enhance body awareness, empower young patients, improve safety, and contribute to accurate medical assessments and treatment adherence. By promoting the use of correct anatomical terms, pediatric dermatologists can improve patient outcomes and foster a healthier understanding of body anatomy and health. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center focused on the in vitro assessment of a new dialysis device called the Kirpa Kit, which is an evolution of the manual single lumen alternating micro-batch (mSLAMB) device. The research found that the Kirpa Kit achieved higher urea and potassium reduction rates compared to previous mSLAMB configurations and was easier to use. The study suggests that the Kirpa Kit may be a promising option for further in vivo testing, offering improved efficacy and usability in pediatric dialysis. [Extracted from the article]