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2. Merit Goods

Author

Clément, Valérie, Moureau, Nathalie, Marciano, Alain, editor, and Ramello, Giovanni Battista, editor

Published
2019
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6. Prospective head-to-head comparison of accuracy of two sequencing platforms for screening for fetal aneuploidy by cell-free DNA: the PEGASUS study

Author

Rousseau, François, Langlois, Sylvie, Johnson, Jo-Ann, Gekas, Jean, Bujold, Emmanuel, Audibert, François, Walker, Mark, Giroux, Sylvie, Caron, André, Clément, Valérie, Blais, Jonatan, MacLeod, Tina, Moore, Richard, Gauthier, Julie, Jouan, Loubna, Laporte, Alexandre, Diallo, Ousmane, Parker, Jeremy, Swanson, Lucas, Zhao, Yongjun, Labelle, Yves, Giguère, Yves, Forest, Jean-Claude, Little, Julian, Karsan, Aly, and Rouleau, Guy

Published
2019
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7. Community Pharmacist Training-and-Communication Network and Drug-Related Problems in Patients With CKD: A Multicenter, Cluster-Randomized, Controlled Trial

Author

Lalonde, Lyne, Quintana-Bárcena, Patricia, Lord, Anne, Bell, Robert, Clément, Valérie, Daigneault, Anne-Marie, Legris, Marie-Ève, Letendre, Sara, Mouchbahani, Marie, Jouini, Ghaya, Azar, Joëlle, Martin, Élisabeth, Berbiche, Djamal, Beaulieu, Stephanie, Beaunoyer, Sébastien, Bertin, Émilie, Bouvrette, Marianne, Charbonneau-Séguin, Noémie, Desrochers, Jean-François, Desforges, Katherine, Dumoulin-Charette, Ariane, Dupuis, Sébastien, El Bouchikhi, Maryame, Forget, Roxanne, Guay, Marianne, Lemieux, Jean-Phillippe, Morin-Bélanger, Claudia, Noël, Isabelle, Ricard, Stephanie, Sauvé, Patricia, and Ste-Marie Paradis, François

Published
2017
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14. Was it worth introducing health economic evaluation of innovative drugs in the french regulatory setting : the case of new drugs against Hepatitis C Virus

Author

Clément, Valérie, RAIMOND, Véronique, Montpellier Recherche en Economie (MRE), Université de Montpellier (UM), and Haute Autorité de Santé [Saint-Denis La Plaine] (HAS)

Subjects
health care economics and organizations, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience; The paper draws lessons from the recent uptake of health economic evaluation of innovative drugs in the French regulatory framework.Taking the example of new direct-acting antivirals against Hepatitis C virus the paper asks whether and how the Cost-Effectiveness (CE) Opinions issued by the French National Health Authority improve the information available to support the pricing decisions.The results show that CE Opinions bring to the fore 3 issues prone to impact the Incremental Cost Utility Ratio and that were not available to the decision-maker through Clinical Opinions or published CUA: the stage of treatment initiation, the modeling of the disease progression and the uncertainty around the efficacy rates.

Published
2018
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15. MAMOVICAP -Vers des outils innovants d'intervention et d'aide à la décision pour la maîtrise des mammites en élevage de petits ruminants laitiers

Author

De Cremoux, Renée, Lagriffoul, Gilles, Allain, Charlotte, Allaoui-Sossé, Laurence, Astruc, Jean-Michel, Batut, Elodie, Bergonier, Dominique, Brun-Lafleur, Laure, Clément, Valérie, Couzy, Christèle, Foucras, Gilles, Fouilloux, Marie-Noëlle, Frappat, Brigitte, Huau, Christophe, Lecomte, Christophe, Legris, Maxime, Lefrileux, yves, Lopez, C., Marnet, P-G, Martin, Pierre, Palhière, Isabelle, Poulet, Jean-Louis, Ribaud, Danièle, Rupp, Rachel, Institut de l'élevage, Inst Elevage, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT], Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), SIM, Institut de l'Elevage, Service Ingénierie de projets, France Conseil Elevage, AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Organisme Entreprise de Sélection Caprin Multiracial (CAPGENES), Comité National Brebis Laitières (CNBL), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Établissement Public Local d’Enseignement et de Formation Professionnelle Agricole (EPLEFPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Ministère de l’Agriculture (Casdar), l’ANICAP, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
aptitude à la traite, antibiothérapie ciblée, résistance aux mammites, [SDV.SA.SPA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Animal production studies, éjection du lait, brebis, sélection, chèvres, conformation mammaire, examen clinique, traite, bactériologie moléculaire
Abstract

International audience; Chez les petits ruminants, les outils d'intervention et corolairement de gestion en matière d'infections mammaires, doivent être repensés en tenant compte de leurs spécificités sur le plan animal (étiologie, réponse cellulaire, caractéristiques morphologiques et fonctionnelles) comme de conduite d'élevage, d'équipement ou d'organisation du travail. L'étude s'est attachée à intégrer les apports de l'observation en élevage, élément central du travail des éleveurs et des techniciens, et différentes solutions technologiques ou enregistrements automatisés, disponibles ou en développement, sur le plan diagnostique (bactériologie moléculaire, comptages cellulaires, spectres en moyen infra-rouge, examen clinique de la mamelle) et sur le plan de l'aptitude et des conditions de traite (recours aux enregistrements de cinétiques d'éjection du lait, de fluctuations de vide, de thermographie). Dans un contexte de réduction de l'usage des antibiotiques, des critères de sélection des animaux à traiter (ou réformer) ont été proposés. Des phénotypes ont été explorés en vue d'une meilleure appréhension des facteurs de risque associés à la traite. Enfin, après étude des caractères et simulations en termes de progrès génétique et d'impact économique, l'inclusion de nouveaux caractères dans les schémas de sélection a été réalisée (cellules) ou proposée en vue d'une amélioration de la résistance des animaux aux infections mammaires. Abstract: Toward innovative tools of intervention and decision aid to control mammary infections in small ruminants breeding In small ruminants, intervention and management tools for the control of mammary infections must be rethought, taking into account their specificities at the animal level (etiology, cellular response

Published
2018
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16. CEPS Platform: an academic platform of methodology platform for the assessment of non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs)

Author

Ninot, Gregory, Agier, Sylvain, Bacon, Simon, Berr, Claudine, Boulze, Isabelle, Bourrel, Gérard, Carbonnel, François, Clément, Valérie, David, Michel, Gerazime, Aurélie, Gomez, Adeline, Guerdoux-Ninot, Estelle, Laurent, Anne, Lavoie, Kim, Libourel Rouge, Thérèse, Lognos, Béatrice, Maffre, Francis, Maitre, Jérôme, Martin, Sophie, Mercier, Grégory, Nalpas, Bertrand, Nguyen, The Loc, Oude Engberink, Agnès, Pujol, Jean-Louis, Quantin, Xavier, Rapior, Sylvie, Senesse, Pierre, Stoebner-Delbarre, Anne, Trouillet, Raphaël, Dynamique des capacités humaines et des conduites de santé (EPSYLON), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre d’Evaluation des programmes de Prévention Sante [Montpellier] (Plateforme CEPS), Université de Montpellier (UM), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier (LIRMM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), UMR 228 Espace-Dev, Espace pour le développement, Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut Régional du Cancer, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique, Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), and Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB], [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]
Abstract

National audience; Les Interventions Non Médicamenteuses (INM) sont devenues des solutions incontournables pour améliorer la qualité de vie et la santé. Elles présentent dans certains cas un impact positif sur la durée de vie et des bénéfices sociaux et économiques. Leur usage augmente sans cesse. Une plateforme universitaire collaborative basée à Montpellier, la Plateforme CEPS, réfléchit aux manières de les évaluer. Cet article présente plus en détail ses activités.

Published
2017
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18. Precision of Fetal DNA Fraction Estimation by Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Quantification of a Differently Methylated Target in Noninvasive Prenatal Testing.

Author

Blais, Jonatan, Giroux, Sylvie, Caron, André, Clément, Valérie, and Rousseau, François

Subjects
BIOLOGICAL assay, CELL lines, DNA, POLYMERASE chain reaction, PRENATAL diagnosis, RESEARCH funding, GENETIC testing, GENOMICS
Abstract

Background The performance of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) assays is critically determined by the proportion of fetal DNA or fetal fraction (FF). Fetomaternal differential methylation of certain genomic regions has been proposed as a universal marker of fetal origin, and previous reports have suggested the use of methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme (MSRE) assays to estimate FF. Methods We analyzed the performance of FF estimation using an MSRE assay with duplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Mixtures of genomic DNA from placental cells and from adult women were digested with 2 MSRE and FF estimates obtained, for a total of 221 pairwise treatment/control comparisons. Results The coefficient of variance (CV) of the MSRE assays was high, ranging from 24% to 60%. An alternative in silico FF estimation algorithm, SeqFF, displayed slightly lower variability, with a CV of 22%. Conclusion These results cast doubts on the usefulness of the MSRE-based assay of differentially methylated markers for FF estimation. The lack of a universal method capable of precisely estimating FF remains an incompletely solved issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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19. Quelles solidarités territoriales à l’échelle individuelle et collective ?

Author

REY-VALETTE, HELENE, Bazart, Cécile, Bernier-Boissard, Catherine, Clément, Valérie, Delanoë, Olivia, Foucher, Yoan, Morvan, Régis, Rosaz, Julie, Sauboua, Paul, Willinger, Marc, Laboratoire Montpelliérain d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée (LAMETA), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Acteurs, Ressources et Territoires dans le Développement (UMR ART-Dev), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM), Direction Régionale de l'Environnement, de l'Aménagement et du Logement (DREAL), EID Méditerranée (EID Méditerranée), Etablissement public administratif, CNFPT/INSET Montpellie, SOLTER. SOLidarités TERritoriales, UMR LAMETA, Comité 21, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)

Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

21. La Plateforme CEPS : une structure universitaire de réflexion sur l’évaluation des interventions non médicamenteuses (INM)

Author

Ninot, Grégory, primary, Agier, Sylvain, additional, Bacon, Simon, additional, Berr, Claudine, additional, Boulze, Isabelle, additional, Bourrel, Gérard, additional, Carbonnel, François, additional, Clément, Valérie, additional, David, Michel, additional, Gerazime, Aurélie, additional, Gomez, Adeline, additional, Guerdoux-Ninot, Estelle, additional, Laurent, Anne, additional, Lavoie, Kim, additional, Libourel, Thérèse, additional, Lognos, Béatrice, additional, Maffre, Francis, additional, Maitre, Jérôme, additional, Martin, Sophie, additional, Mercier, Grégory, additional, Nalpas, Bertrand, additional, Nguyen, The Loc, additional, Engberink, Agnes Oude, additional, Pujol, Jean-Louis, additional, Quantin, Xavier, additional, Rapior, Sylvie, additional, Senesse, Pierre, additional, Stoebner-Delbarre, Anne, additional, and Trouillet, Raphaël, additional

Published
2017
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23. Welfarism, Libertarian Paternalism and Political Economy : Three Perspectives on Economic Expertise

Author

Clément, Valérie, Marciano, Alain, Montpellier Recherche en Economie (MRE), Université de Montpellier (UM), and CLEMENT, VALERIE

Subjects
[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

This paper proposes and compares different characterization of what an economic expert is — his/her role, functions and legitimacy — according to different conceptions of economics: welfarism, libertarian paternalism and positive political economy. We show that both welfarism and libertarian paternalism allows expert to impose their views, their preferences to the individuals. This is not the case with political economy.

Published
2012

25. L’équité en matière de santé : qu’en pense l’opinion publique ?

Author

Clément, Valérie, Serra, Daniel, Montpellier Recherche en Economie (MRE), and Université de Montpellier (UM)

Subjects
preference elicitation, social value of health gains, health care priority setting, Equity, Qalys, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience; Health care priority setting decisions should be informed by the preferences of the general public on whose behalf these decisions are made. The growing literature devoted to investigate people’s preferences on the principles that should govern health care rationing is reviewed. We first sketch out the ethical principles that have been proposed to prioritise the distribution of health care resources. Then, the methods used to elicit considered public opinion are set out. Finally, the main empirical evidences on people’s preferences are presented.

Published
2009
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26. Economie de la justice et de l'équité

Author

Clément, Valérie, Leclainche, Christine, Serra, Daniel, Montpellier Recherche en Economie (MRE), Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre d'études de l'emploi (CEE), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)-Ministère du Travail, de l'Emploi et de la Santé, and CLEMENT, VALERIE

Subjects
[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

National audience

Published
2008

27. Impact of justice and solidarity variables on the acceptability of managed realignment.

Author

Rulleau, Bénédicte, Rey-Valette, Hélène, and Clément, Valérie

Subjects
REALIGNMENT (Political science), JUSTICE, SOLIDARITY, CLIMATE change, SOCIAL justice
Abstract

Sea-level rise due to climate change will have significant effects on coastal areas and populations. Adaptation policies recommend the managed realignment of the most vulnerable assets and activities. Despite their medium- and long-term benefits, these policies face significant friction due to social acceptability in the communities where they are implemented. This article investigates the hypothesis that respecting principles of justice in the implementation of managed realignment should increase its acceptability. We compare preferences of those people who are exposed to the risk of climate-change-induced flooding and those who are not, as regards funding managed retreat policies and defining compensation criteria for assets at risk. The main theories of social justice provide the four principles included in the analysis: efficiency, need, responsibility and priority assigned to property rights. A choice experiment survey was conducted with 258 residents of coastal and hinterland communities in the south of France. Four attributes were selected to define the managed realignment policy: the dialogue arrangements, the implementation period, the policy implementation schedule and the cost. The results show support for a relatively fast launch of these policies (within 15 years) but in stages and through a process of dialogue with the population. People's perceptions of the funding criteria reveal a preference for national solidarity. Finally, national funding of managed retreat policies and compensation criteria based on market prices have a significant positive influence on the acceptability of managed realignment policies, whereas introducing responsibility-based compensation criteria tends to favour thestatus quoover the adaptation policy. Policy relevance Prioritization of the funding criteria reveals the preference for national solidarity. Preferences for the justice criteria underpinning compensation reveal a great diversity of values. Besides implantation modalities, preferences for managed realignment policies depend on which level they are implemented at, on the expropriation criteria (the emphasis given to property rights, i.e. market price), on the attachment (people perceived as worst off, i.e. the property is their main residence rather than a second home or they have lower levels of income) and on the degree of responsibility (related to the date of purchase, i.e. on the information given at the time on the risk). [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2017
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33. Impact of justice and solidarity variables on the acceptability of managed realignment

Author

Rulleau, Bénédicte, Rey-Valette, Hélène, and Clément, Valérie

Subjects
13. Climate action, 11. Sustainability, 1. No poverty
Abstract

Sea-level rise due to climate change will have significant effects on coastal areas and populations. Adaptation policies recommend the managed realignment of the most vulnerable assets and activities. Despite their medium- and long-term benefits, these policies face significant friction due to social acceptability in the communities where they are implemented. This article investigates the hypothesis that respecting principles of justice in the implementation of managed realignment should increase its acceptability. We compare preferences of those people who are exposed to the risk of climate-change-induced flooding and those who are not, as regards funding managed retreat policies and defining compensation criteria for assets at risk. The main theories of social justice provide the four principles included in the analysis: efficiency, need, responsibility and priority assigned to property rights. A choice experiment survey was conducted with 258 residents of coastal and hinterland communities in the south of France. Four attributes were selected to define the managed realignment policy: the dialogue arrangements, the implementation period, the policy implementation schedule and the cost. The results show support for a relatively fast launch of these policies (within 15 years) but in stages and through a process of dialogue with the population. People's perceptions of the funding criteria reveal a preference for national solidarity. Finally, national funding of managed retreat policies and compensation criteria based on market prices have a significant positive influence on the acceptability of managed realignment policies, whereas introducing responsibility-based compensation criteria tends to favour the status quo over the adaptation policy. Policy relevance Prioritization of the funding criteria reveals the preference for national solidarity. Preferences for the justice criteria underpinning compensation reveal a great diversity of values. Besides implantation modalities, preferences for managed realignment policies depend on which level they are implemented at, on the expropriation criteria (the emphasis given to property rights, i.e. market price), on the attachment (people perceived as worst off, i.e. the property is their main residence rather than a second home or they have lower levels of income) and on the degree of responsibility (related to the date of purchase, i.e. on the information given at the time on the risk).

34. Economie du bien-être, choix social et l'influence de la Théorie de la justice

Author

Clément, Valérie and Clément, Valérie

Abstract

RésuméLa proposition de Rawls concernant la mesure du bien-être à partir du panier des biens premiers a fait l'objet de vives critiques de la part des économistes à la parution de la Théorie de la justice. Ce n'est donc pas le moindre des paradoxes que de voir resurgir les questions soulevées par Rawls sur la métrique du bien-être dans les débats relatifs à la construction d'un indicateur du bien-être social. L'article revient sur le malentendu originel entre Rawls et les économistes concernant le maximin et montre comment la proposition de Rawls relative à la construction d'un indice de biens premiers permet de remettre en perspective les débats actuels sur les limites du produit intérieur brut comme indicateur du bien-être social., Rawls' proposal of a metric of well-being based on the basket of primary goods drew heated criticism from economists when A Theory of Justice was first published. So there is a certain irony in seeing the questions Rawls raised about the metric of well-being reëmerge in the debate over the construction of an indicator of social well-being. The above article revisits the original misunderstanding between Rawls and the economists about the maximin and shows how the Rawlsian conception of an index of primary goods puts in perspective the current debate about the limitations of using gross domestic product as an indicator of social well-being.

35. Prevalence of selected genomic deletions and duplications in a French-Canadian population-based sample of newborns.

Author

Tucker T, Giroux S, Clément V, Langlois S, Friedman JM, and Rousseau F

Abstract

Chromosomal microarray analysis has identified many novel microdeletions or microduplications that produce neurodevelopmental disorders with a recognizable clinical phenotype and that are not observed in normal individuals. However, imbalance of other genomic regions is associated with a variable phenotype with intellectual disability (ID) or autism in some individuals but are also observed in completely normal individuals. Several large studies have reported the prevalence of copy number (CN) variants in people with particular features (e.g., ID, autism, schizophrenia, or epilepsy); few studies have investigated the prevalence of genomic CN changes in the general population. We used a high-throughput method to screen 6813 consecutive cord blood samples from a predominantly French-Canadian population to assess genomic CN in five genomic regions: 1p36, 15q11-q13, 16p11.2, 16p11.2-p12.2, and 22q11.2. We identified one deletion and one duplication within 1p36, two deletions of 15q11-q13, eight deletions of 16p11.2-p12.2, two deletions and five duplications of 16p11.2, and six duplications of 22q11.2. This study provides estimates of the frequency of CN variants in an unselected population. Our findings have important implications for genetic counseling.

Published
2013
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