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The aim of this review paper is to report on the current state of the art in creating in silico humans able to simulate the biomechanics of the human body at all scales of interest. The focus is on the musculoskeletal apparatus, although much of what is written is valid also for the biomechanical modeling of other organs. The state of the art of computational biomechanics at body, organ, tissue, and cell levels is briefly described and the most recent achievements in the area of multiscale models are discussed. In conclusion, the challenges to be faced to realize a true living human model are summarized. It is evident that the demands associated with some of these challenges greatly exceed the potential currently possessed by the computational biomechanics research community. Thus, to tackle them it will be necessary not only to coordinate all efforts in a coherent way,but also to mobilize much greater financial and human resources than are currently available.

This paper introduces the multisense idea, with a special reference to the use of haptics in the medical field and, in particular, in the planning of total hip replacement surgery. We emphasise the integration of different modalities and the capability of the multimodal system to gather and register data coming from different sources., tmh_import_11_12_14. QC 20120110

This paper describes a new environment for the pre-operative planning of total hip replacement. The system is based on a multimodal/multisensorial interface, which includes advanced software visualisation and evaluation modules for the planning and state-of-the-art technologies for immersive interface (stereoscopic display, different six degrees of freedom tracking technologies, speech recognition, and haptic feedbacks). This paper is focused on the final clinical application description. More specific visualisation-related modules are described in other related papers., tmh_import_11_12_14. QC 20111222

This paper discusses our project, which focuses on the new possibilites of methods of communication enhanced by digital networks. The aim of the project is to develop prototypes for a system with which the sense of existence of a person and others can be digitally shared and experienced (or digitally coexist) through tangible devices without the need to actively engage in the operation of such devices. While studies of ambient intelligent generally focus on the visualization or experience of ever-changing customized information, this project is more specific and looks closely at how one can recognize the existence of other humans in digitally networked remote places. The paper covers the conceptual and technical development of the project by demonstrating a number of prototype developments and a range of development tolls utilized including a combination of Macromeida Flash and Director and Parallax's Basic stamp, which are easily available and accessible even for people with no technical background, such as the author himself