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Uncontained fecal wastes in cities may present exposure risks to the public. We collected discarded feces from public spaces in San Francisco, CA for analysis by RT-qPCR for a range of enteric pathogens. Out of 59 samples, we found 12 (20%) were of human origin and 47 (80%) were non-human; 30 of 59 stools were positive for ≥1 of the 35 pathogens assessed, including pathogenic E. coli, Shigella, norovirus, Cryptosporidium, and Trichuris. Using quantitative enteric pathogen estimates and data on observed fecal waste from a public reporting system, we modeled pathogens removed from the environment attributable to a recently implemented program of public toilet construction. We estimated that each new public toilet reduced the annual number of enteric pathogens released into the immediate environment (within 500 m walking distance), including 6.3 x 1012 enteropathogenic E. coli (95% CI: 4.0 x 1012–7.9 x 1012), 3.2 x 1011 enteroaggregative E. coli (95% CI: 1.3 x 1011–6.3 x 1011), and 3.2 x 108 Shigella (6.3 x 107–2.5 x 109). Improving access to public sanitation can reduce enteric pathogen hazards in cities. Interventions must also consider the hygienic disposal of animal waste to reduce microbial hazards with zoonotic infection potential.

The Cheadle Center at UCSB manages the North Campus Open Space (NCOS), which is a project that has restored 136 acres of upland and wetland habitats that existed before the area was converted into the Ocean Meadows Golf Course in the 1960s. The NCOS restoration project began in 2017 with a fine-scale grading of the site in order to recreate the salt marsh and use the excavated soil to rebuild the upland habitats to the southwest, which are now called the NCOS Mesa. In addition to re-establishing native biodiversity, a key goal of the restoration is to utilize the site as an educational, scientific, and recreational resource. This archived version of the September 2018 newsletter includes updates on public events, fish monitoring revealing an abundance of Longjaw Mudsuckers (Gillicthys mirabilis) and Killifish, and pampas grass (Cortaderia selloana) excavation. The feature story highlights the results of ongoing bird surveys. Community photos include Great and Snowy Egrets (Ardea alba and Egretta thula) and the Blue-Eyed Darner (Rhionaeshna multicolor).

The Cheadle Center at UCSB manages the North Campus Open Space (NCOS), which is a project that has restored 136 acres of upland and wetland habitats that existed before the area was converted into the Ocean Meadows Golf Course in the 1960s. The NCOS restoration project began in 2017 with a fine-scale grading of the site in order to recreate the salt marsh and use the excavated soil to rebuild the upland habitats to the southwest, which are now called the NCOS Mesa. In addition to re-establishing native biodiversity, a key goal of the restoration is to utilize the site as an educational, scientific, and recreational resource. This archived version of the June 2018 newsletter includes updates on guided tours and endowment opportunities. The feature story highlights some of the student research taking place at the open space, such as aquatic invertebrate sampling, soil studies, and camera monitoring of habitat features. Community photos include the endangered Belding’s Savannah Sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis) as well as a Great-Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus), Turkey Vulture (Cathartes aura), and Canada Goose (Branta canadensis) caught on motion detecting cameras.

Outside cities and towns served by conventional sewerage, many residents in the rural Black Belt region of Alabama, USA, have failing or inadequate sanitation infrastructure (1,2). This region was named [...]

The Cheadle Center at UCSB manages the North Campus Open Space (NCOS), which is a project that has restored 136 acres of upland and wetland habitats that existed before the area was converted into the Ocean Meadows Golf Course in the 1960s. The NCOS restoration project began in 2017 with a fine-scale grading of the site in order to recreate the salt marsh and use the excavated soil to rebuild the upland habitats to the southwest, which are now called the NCOS Mesa. In addition to re-establishing native biodiversity, a key goal of the restoration is to utilize the site as an educational, scientific, and recreational resource. This archived version of the July 2021 newsletter includes updates on acquisition of an all-terrain wheelchair for accessibility, success of the Ventura Marsh Milk-Vetch (Astragalus pycnostachyus var. lanosissimus), volunteer nature guides, and parking lot and outdoor classroom construction. The feature story focuses on invertebrates’ roles in the NCOS food web. Community photos include Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), American Kestrel (Falco sparverius), Canada Goose (Branta canadensis), Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis), and Black-crowned Night Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax).

The Cheadle Center at UCSB manages the North Campus Open Space (NCOS), which is a project that has restored 136 acres of upland and wetland habitats that existed before the area was converted into the Ocean Meadows Golf Course in the 1960s. The NCOS restoration project began in 2017 with a fine-scale grading of the site in order to recreate the salt marsh and use the excavated soil to rebuild the upland habitats to the southwest, which are now called the NCOS Mesa. In addition to re-establishing native biodiversity, a key goal of the restoration is to utilize the site as an educational, scientific, and recreational resource. This archived version of the May 2021 newsletter includes updates on the use of new electric trimmers for maintenance, planned construction of cliff swallow (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) nesting structures, the importance of not letting dogs offleash at NCOS, and sightings of a Long-Tailed Weasel (Neogale frenata). The feature story focuses on the preservation of rare geophytes that were found as bulbs onsite. Community photos include Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus) and Green Heron (Butorides virescens).

The Cheadle Center at UCSB manages the North Campus Open Space (NCOS), which is a project that has restored 136 acres of upland and wetland habitats that existed before the area was converted into the Ocean Meadows Golf Course in the 1960s. The NCOS restoration project began in 2017 with a fine-scale grading of the site in order to recreate the salt marsh and use the excavated soil to rebuild the upland habitats to the southwest, which are now called the NCOS Mesa. In addition to re-establishing native biodiversity, a key goal of the restoration is to utilize the site as an educational, scientific, and recreational resource. This archived version of the April 2021 newsletter includes updates on the volunteer nature guide program, installation of mosaics, and work being done on the Mesa Trail. The feature story focuses on the results of wildlife camera trap monitoring around the hibernacula. Community photos include Snowy Egret (Egretta thula), American Wigeon (Mareca americana), Red-shouldered Hawk (Buteo lineatus), White-tailed Kite (Elanus leucurus), Anna’s Hummingbird (Calypte anna), and Black-necked Stilt (Himantopus mexicanus).

The Cheadle Center at UCSB manages the North Campus Open Space (NCOS), which is a project that has restored 136 acres of upland and wetland habitats that existed before the area was converted into the Ocean Meadows Golf Course in the 1960s. The NCOS restoration project began in 2017 with a fine-scale grading of the site in order to recreate the salt marsh and use the excavated soil to rebuild the upland habitats to the southwest, which are now called the NCOS Mesa. In addition to re-establishing native biodiversity, a key goal of the restoration is to utilize the site as an educational, scientific, and recreational resource. This archived version of the March 2021 newsletter includes updates on wildflower growth and maintenance, a recent observational study of the Marsh Trail, slough hydrology, and near future construction projects. The feature story focuses on a new volunteer nature guide program. Community photos include Allen's Hummingbird (Selasphorus sasin), Anna's Hummingbird (Calypte anna), Wilson’s Snipe (Gallinago delicata), Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia), Ground Squirrel (Otospermophilus beecheyi), and Killdeer (Charadrius vociferus).

The Cheadle Center at UCSB manages the North Campus Open Space (NCOS), which is a project that has restored 136 acres of upland and wetland habitats that existed before the area was converted into the Ocean Meadows Golf Course in the 1960s. The NCOS restoration project began in 2017 with a fine-scale grading of the site in order to recreate the salt marsh and use the excavated soil to rebuild the upland habitats to the southwest, which are now called the NCOS Mesa. In addition to re-establishing native biodiversity, a key goal of the restoration is to utilize the site as an educational, scientific, and recreational resource. This archived version of the February 2021 newsletter includes updates on new interpretive signs, slough fluctuations, and the bioswale in action. The feature story focuses on the ongoing biological and water quality monitoring of the wetland. Community photos include Mallard (Anas platyrynchos) and American Coot (Fulica americana).

The Cheadle Center at UCSB manages the North Campus Open Space (NCOS), which is a project that has restored 136 acres of upland and wetland habitats that existed before the area was converted into the Ocean Meadows Golf Course in the 1960s. The NCOS restoration project began in 2017 with a fine-scale grading of the site in order to recreate the salt marsh and use the excavated soil to rebuild the upland habitats to the southwest, which are now called the NCOS Mesa. In addition to re-establishing native biodiversity, a key goal of the restoration is to utilize the site as an educational, scientific, and recreational resource. This archived version of the January 2021 newsletter includes updates on planned future art installations, planting of annual wildflowers on the NCOS Mesa, and habitat management for Ventura Marsh Milk-vetch (Astragalus pycnostachyus var. lanosissimus) and Snowy Plover (Charadrius nivosus). The feature story focuses on the harmful effects of anticoagulant rodenticides on wildlife, including recently observed cases of predators with severe mange at NCOS. Community photos include Allen’s Hummingbird (Selasphorus sasin), Hermit Thrush (Catharus guttatus), and Black-crowned Night-heron (Nycticorax nycticorax).

The Cheadle Center at UCSB manages the North Campus Open Space (NCOS), which is a project that has restored 136 acres of upland and wetland habitats that existed before the area was converted into the Ocean Meadows Golf Course in the 1960s. The NCOS restoration project began in 2017 with a fine-scale grading of the site in order to recreate the salt marsh and use the excavated soil to rebuild the upland habitats to the southwest, which are now called the NCOS Mesa. In addition to re-establishing native biodiversity, a key goal of the restoration is to utilize the site as an educational, scientific, and recreational resource. This archived version of the November 2020 newsletter includes updates on a planned new parking lot and outdoor classroom, and brief highlights from the experiences of student workers at NCOS during the pandemic. The feature story focuses on rodent and reptile monitoring with Sherman traps and coverboards. Community photos include Cooper’s Hawk (Accipiter cooperii), tropical kingbird (Tyrannus melancholicus), California Towhee (Melozone crissalis), White-crowned Sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys), and a mouse nest.

The Cheadle Center at UCSB manages the North Campus Open Space (NCOS), which is a project that has restored 136 acres of upland and wetland habitats that existed before the area was converted into the Ocean Meadows Golf Course in the 1960s. The NCOS restoration project began in 2017 with a fine-scale grading of the site in order to recreate the salt marsh and use the excavated soil to rebuild the upland habitats to the southwest, which are now called the NCOS Mesa. In addition to re-establishing native biodiversity, a key goal of the restoration is to utilize the site as an educational, scientific, and recreational resource. This archived version of the October 2020 newsletter includes updates on Fall planting plans, a Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia) sighting and planned habitat enhancements, and Snowy Plover (Charadrius nivosus) habitat enhancements. The feature story focuses on Year 3 vegetation monitoring highlights.

The Cheadle Center at UCSB manages the North Campus Open Space (NCOS), which is a project that has restored 136 acres of upland and wetland habitats that existed before the area was converted into the Ocean Meadows Golf Course in the 1960s. The NCOS restoration project began in 2017 with a fine-scale grading of the site in order to recreate the salt marsh and use the excavated soil to rebuild the upland habitats to the southwest, which are now called the NCOS Mesa. In addition to re-establishing native biodiversity, a key goal of the restoration is to utilize the site as an educational, scientific, and recreational resource. This archived version of the December 2020 newsletter includes updates on the importance of not feeding wildlife, the presence of three burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia), Marsh Trail improvements, and planned removal of the Ellwood Marine Terminal tanks. The feature story focuses on bat acoustic monitoring, which has revealed a total of 8 species potentially using the space. Community photos include Hooded Merganser (Lophodytes cucullatus), Wilson’s Snipe (Gallinago delicata), Blue-gray Gnatcatcher (Poloptila caerulea), Barn Owl (Tyto alba), and White-tailed Kite (Elanus leucurus).

The Cheadle Center at UCSB manages the North Campus Open Space (NCOS), which is a project that has restored 136 acres of upland and wetland habitats that existed before the area was converted into the Ocean Meadows Golf Course in the 1960s. The NCOS restoration project began in 2017 with a fine-scale grading of the site in order to recreate the salt marsh and use the excavated soil to rebuild the upland habitats to the southwest, which are now called the NCOS Mesa. In addition to re-establishing native biodiversity, a key goal of the restoration is to utilize the site as an educational, scientific, and recreational resource. This archived version of the September 2020 newsletter includes updates on the recent Town Hall Webinar, and receding and hypersaline slough conditions. Community photos include Virginia Rail (Rallus limicola), Painted Lady (Vanessa cardui), and a Black-crowned Night Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) catching a Longjaw Mudsucker (Gillicthys mirabilis).

The Cheadle Center at UCSB manages the North Campus Open Space (NCOS), which is a project that has restored 136 acres of upland and wetland habitats that existed before the area was converted into the Ocean Meadows Golf Course in the 1960s. The NCOS restoration project began in 2017 with a fine-scale grading of the site in order to recreate the salt marsh and use the excavated soil to rebuild the upland habitats to the southwest, which are now called the NCOS Mesa. In addition to re-establishing native biodiversity, a key goal of the restoration is to utilize the site as an educational, scientific, and recreational resource. This archived version of the August 2020 newsletter includes updates on new trail overlook benches and signs, new plantings along the Visitor Plaza and Discovery Trail, and the return of student workers to the project. The feature story focuses on the removal of invasive plants such as pampas grass (Cortaderia selloana) and mustard (Brassica nigra) from the southwestern corner of the site. Community photos include Virginia Rail (Rallus limicola), Western Pygmy Blue (Brephidium exilis), Bobcat (Lynx rufus), Anna’s Hummingbird (Calypte anna), and Wilson’s Phalarope (Phalaropus tricolor).

The Cheadle Center at UCSB manages the North Campus Open Space (NCOS), which is a project that has restored 136 acres of upland and wetland habitats that existed before the area was converted into the Ocean Meadows Golf Course in the 1960s. The NCOS restoration project began in 2017 with a fine-scale grading of the site in order to recreate the salt marsh and use the excavated soil to rebuild the upland habitats to the southwest, which are now called the NCOS Mesa. In addition to re-establishing native biodiversity, a key goal of the restoration is to utilize the site as an educational, scientific, and recreational resource. This archived version of the July 2020 newsletter includes updates on Snowy Plover (Charadrius nivosus) nesting, a new NCOS short film, and housing development adjacent to NCOS. The feature story focuses on plans for enhancing public access and balancing public use with biodiversity protection. Community photos include White-faced Ibis (Plegadis chihi), Cooper’s Hawk (Accipiter cooperii), Rufous Hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus), and Lesser Goldfinch (Spinus psaltria).

The Cheadle Center at UCSB manages the North Campus Open Space (NCOS), which is a project that has restored 136 acres of upland and wetland habitats that existed before the area was converted into the Ocean Meadows Golf Course in the 1960s. The NCOS restoration project began in 2017 with a fine-scale grading of the site in order to recreate the salt marsh and use the excavated soil to rebuild the upland habitats to the southwest, which are now called the NCOS Mesa. In addition to re-establishing native biodiversity, a key goal of the restoration is to utilize the site as an educational, scientific, and recreational resource. This archived version of the May 2020 newsletter includes updates on Visitor Plaza and Discovery Trail construction, spring wildlife sightings, and online species lists. The feature story focuses on bee research being done at NCOS. Community photos include Western Pygmy Blue Butterfly (Brephidium exilis), White-Faced Ibis (Plegadis chihi), and Caspian Tern (Hydroprogne caspia).

Born out of a vision shared by the local community, students, faculty, researchers and state and federal agencies, the North Campus Open Space (NCOS) restoration project is recreating more than 40 acres of estuarine and palustrine wetlands that historically comprised the upper portion of Devereux Slough that was filled in the mid-1960s to create the Ocean Meadows golf course. Led by the UC Santa Barbara Cheadle Center for Biodiversity and Ecological Restoration (CCBER) in collaboration with other UCSB departments, faculty, student and local community groups, contractors and government agencies, the project is also restoring more than 60 acres of upland habitats that include native grassland, coastal sage scrub, riparian, oak chaparral woodland, vernal pools and patches of annual wildflowers in clay and sandy soils. In addition to wetland and upland habitat restoration, the goals of the NCOS project include flood reduction, support for threatened and endangered species, public access and the provision of educational opportunities. Ancillary benefits of the project include carbon sequestration, preservation of local genotypes, and protection of adjacent ecological values and infrastructure through a design that integrates sea level rise considerations.Currently in its third year of implementation, the main planting phase of the project is approximately 90% complete, and the focus is now turning towards maintenance, continued monitoring, new research projects, and supplemental planting to add diversity, including special status species such as the Ventura marsh milk-vetch (Astragalus pycnostachys var. lanosissimus). This report describes the methods and results of monitoring for the first two years of the project, from vegetation and wildlife to wetland geomorphology, hydrology and water quality, carbon sequestration studies, community use and a detailed record of restoration efforts by type of worker, task and site location. This work documents the progress of the project and supports longer-term research and monitoring programs. Results from the second year of monitoring show substantial progress towards the project’s restoration goals, with many being met or exceeded.

The Cheadle Center at UCSB manages the North Campus Open Space (NCOS), which is a project that has restored 136 acres of upland and wetland habitats that existed before the area was converted into the Ocean Meadows Golf Course in the 1960s. The NCOS restoration project began in 2017 with a fine-scale grading of the site in order to recreate the salt marsh and use the excavated soil to rebuild the upland habitats to the southwest, which are now called the NCOS Mesa. In addition to re-establishing native biodiversity, a key goal of the restoration is to utilize the site as an educational, scientific, and recreational resource. This archived version of the April 2020 newsletter includes updates on a recent slough breach, time-series photo documentation, trail construction, and COVID-19. The feature story teaches readers to differentiate between several common native and invasive plants. Community photos include Pied-billed Grebe (Podilymbus podiceps), Cooper’s Hawk (Accipiter cooperii), and Hoverfly.

This document describes the content, purpose, methods and uses of the photo documentation data set for the UC Santa Barbara North Campus Open Space (NCOS) Restoration Project. Links to the photos and map are provided.

The Cheadle Center at UCSB manages the North Campus Open Space (NCOS), which is a project that has restored 136 acres of upland and wetland habitats that existed before the area was converted into the Ocean Meadows Golf Course in the 1960s. The NCOS restoration project began in 2017 with a fine-scale grading of the site in order to recreate the salt marsh and use the excavated soil to rebuild the upland habitats to the southwest, which are now called the NCOS Mesa. In addition to re-establishing native biodiversity, a key goal of the restoration is to utilize the site as an educational, scientific, and recreational resource. This archived version of the February 2020 newsletter includes updates on Visitor Plaza construction. The feature story honors some of the community donors who have made the project possible. Community photos include Sora (Porzana carolina), Say’s Phoebe (Sayornis saya), Red-Shouldered Hawk (Buteo lineatus), and Northern Shoveler (Spatula clypeata).

Medicine recognizes burnout as a threat to quality patient care and physician quality of life. This issue exists throughout medicine but is notably prevalent in emergency medicine (EM). Because the concept of “wellness” lacks a clear definition, attempts at ameliorating burnout that focus on achieving wellness make success difficult to achieve and measure. Recent work within the wellness literature suggests that the end goal should be to achieve a culture of wellness by addressing all aspects of the physician’s environment. A review of the available literature on burnout and wellness interventions in all medical specialties reveals that interventions focusing on individual physicians have varying levels of success. Efforts to compare these interventions are hampered by a lack of consistent endpoints. Studies with consistent endpoints do not demonstrate clear benefits of achieving them because improving scores on various scales may not equate to improvement in quality of care or physician quality of life. Successful interventions have uncertain, long-term effects. Outside of EM, the most successful interventions focus on changes to systems rather than to individual physicians. Within EM, the number of well-structured interventions that have been studied is limited. Future work to achieve the desired culture of wellness within EM requires establishment of a consistent endpoint that serves as a surrogate for clinical significance, addressing contributors to burnout at all levels, and integrating successful interventions into the fabric of EM.

The Cheadle Center at UCSB manages the North Campus Open Space (NCOS), which is a project that has restored 136 acres of upland and wetland habitats that existed before the area was converted into the Ocean Meadows Golf Course in the 1960s. The NCOS restoration project began in 2017 with a fine-scale grading of the site in order to recreate the salt marsh and use the excavated soil to rebuild the upland habitats to the southwest, which are now called the NCOS Mesa. In addition to re-establishing native biodiversity, a key goal of the restoration is to utilize the site as an educational, scientific, and recreational resource. This archived version of the December 2019 newsletter includes updates on public events and a recent tracking workshop that revealed activity of burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia), barn owl (Tyto alba), red fox (Vulpes vulpes), bobcat (Lynx rufus), striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis), and many other animals. The feature story focuses on predator-prey interactions and how neighbors can help support natural predators and avoid introducing unnatural ones such as cats. Community photos include Cooper’s Hawk (Accipiter cooperii), Marsh Wren (Cistothorus palustris), and Pied-billed Grebe (Podilymbus podiceps).

The Cheadle Center at UCSB manages the North Campus Open Space (NCOS), which is a project that has restored 136 acres of upland and wetland habitats that existed before the area was converted into the Ocean Meadows Golf Course in the 1960s. The NCOS restoration project began in 2017 with a fine-scale grading of the site in order to recreate the salt marsh and use the excavated soil to rebuild the upland habitats to the southwest, which are now called the NCOS Mesa. In addition to re-establishing native biodiversity, a key goal of the restoration is to utilize the site as an educational, scientific, and recreational resource. This archived version of the November 2019 newsletter includes updates on tidewater goby (Eucyclogobius newberryi) and other fish being found in the slough, Ventura Marsh Milk-Vetch (Astragalus pycnostachyus var. lanosissimus) reintroduction, and visitor plaza construction. The feature story focuses on vegetation monitoring and planting. Community photos include Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia), Bobcat (Lynx rufus), and Red-necked Phalarope (Phalaropus lobatus).

The Cheadle Center at UCSB manages the North Campus Open Space (NCOS), which is a project that has restored 136 acres of upland and wetland habitats that existed before the area was converted into the Ocean Meadows Golf Course in the 1960s. The NCOS restoration project began in 2017 with a fine-scale grading of the site in order to recreate the salt marsh and use the excavated soil to rebuild the upland habitats to the southwest, which are now called the NCOS Mesa. In addition to re-establishing native biodiversity, a key goal of the restoration is to utilize the site as an educational, scientific, and recreational resource. This archived version of the October 2019 newsletter includes updates on Day of Caring volunteer planting progress, solar power on the barn, and September bird survey results. The feature story focuses on bird survey results at NCOS compared to Coal Oil Point Reserve. Community photos include American Avocet (Recurvirostra americana), Black-necked Stilt (Himantopus mexicanus), Lesser Nighthawk (Chordeiles acutipennis), and Carpenter Bee (Xylocopa sp.).

Storytelling is an important skill in management education for leaders. However, even though students learn about storytelling, they do not often practice it. When students do practice storytelling, they frequently prepare speeches that they deliver in front of a class. Interacting with theater students can help management students convey a message in conversational format, which is more representative of the skill in practice. We present an experiential exercise involving collaboration between management and theater students that simulates a career networking event; the format of interactive drama offers a structured process for student engagement and leadership storytelling skill development.