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ABSTRACT: The objective of this research was to extract lignin from Eucalyptus sp. kraft black liquor and to evaluate the influence of its addition on the properties of the lignin-phenol-formaldehyde adhesive. The adhesives were synthesized at different phenol mass percentages by lignin, called lignin-phenol-formaldehyde adhesives in the proportions of 25, 30, 50, 75 and 80%. The parameters evaluated in the adhesives were pH, total solid content, organic compound content, inorganic compound content, gelatinization time and adhesive behavior in the glue line. The pH ranged from 10.63 to 11.65. For the total solid content was found the value of 53 to 69 %. The contents of organic compounds ranged from 51 to 75% and inorganic from 25 to 49%. It was observed that with the addition of macromolecule in the adhesive formulation, the total and organic solid content was reduced proportionally while the inorganic solid was high. The gelatinization time was reduced due to the addition of lignin. The lower proportions of addition presented better penetration and fluidity in interface with the wood. The kraft lignin extracted from eucalyptus kraft black liquor is a great adhesive with potential to partially replace petroleum-derived phenol, with great potential for use and application in the aeronautical and automotive sectors, in the bonding process of structural parts.

Dengue is an arboviral infection found in tropical and subtropical regions transmitted by hematophagous mosquitoes from the genus Aedes spp. and responsible for millions of cases every year. Public campaigns and educational curriculum are designed to educate people, including children. However, what has been reported is that many decide not to follow these guidelines, even though they allegedly know what has to be done. To understand this phenomenon, this study aims to identify psychological barriers behind the adoption of pro-environmental behaviors that seek to reduce Aedes aegypti’s population. For that, middle school students participated on two studies responsible for (1) adapting the Dragons of Inaction Psychological Barrier (DIPB) scale to the target group (n = 150) and then (2) testing it on a larger group (n = 449). In the exploratory factor analysis, Bartlett correlation (p

Abstract This publication is an update of the “Consensus on the therapeutic management of atopic dermatitis - Brazilian Society of Dermatology” published in 2019, considering the novel, targeted-oriented systemic therapies for atopic dermatitis. The initial recommendations of the current consensus for systemic treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis were based on a recent review of scientific published data and a consensus was reached after voting. The Brazilian Society of Dermatology invited 31 experts from all regions of Brazil and 2 international experts on atopic dermatitis who fully contributed to the process. The methods included an e-Delphi study to avoid bias, a literature search and a final consensus meeting. The authors added novel approved drugs in Brazil and the indication for phototherapy and systemic therapy for AD. The therapeutical response to systemic treatment is hereby reported in a suitable form for clinical practice and is also part of this updated manuscript.

ABSTRACT: The growing worldwide demand in the pulp market has fostered research that evaluates alternative fiber sources with specific characteristics that attend the needs of the consumer market, with a view to add value to the final product and reduce production costs. Acacia mearnsii De Wild wood is a by-product of the extraction of tannin from the trunk bark, used for firewood, charcoal and pellets. However, its wood is still poorly studied, especially its anatomical characteristics, which can provide important information about its industrial potential. This study evaluated the anatomical characteristics of Acacia mearnsii wood for the production of pulp and paper. Ten trees at approximately seven years old were cut down, five from the seed production area (SPA) and five from the clonal population area (CPA). From each tree, one trunk disc was sectioned at the diameter at breast height (DBH), resulting in 10 (ten) wood samples. From each disc, a sapwood specimen was made oriented in the tangential longitudinal, radial longitudinal and transversal planes, for later obtaining the anatomical cuts and the macerates. The anatomical description of the wood followed the recommendations of the International Association of Wood Anatomists-IAWA. From the dimensions of the fibers, their quality evaluation ratios for the production of pulp and paper were calculated. Results obtained from the anatomical characterization allowed to conclude that the Acacia mearnsii woods from SPA and CPA are indicated as a source of raw material for the pulp and paper production.

In this essay, we seek to contribute for a discussion about respect for rural education, with an identification of the field as a political space where social relations take place. Therefore, we present a reflection about the necessity of a public treatment of the rural education, to enable it within a project of emancipatory education that cooperates in the formation of conscious subjects of their place in the world and their rights. Working side by side, with mobilizing and political veins is the struggle for Environmental Education, which is being established as a process of critical awareness of the world and guarantee the rights of this and future generations. In this sense, the article also addresses environmental education in rural education by defending it to be followed to value the land. We understand that field environmental education will help in the recognition of the field, teaching to care for, protect, and defend the field.

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis is a highly prevalent inflammatory and pruritic dermatosis with a multifactorial etiology, which includes skin barrier defects, immune dysfunction, and microbiome alterations. Atopic dermatitis is mediated by genetic, environmental, and psychological factors and requires therapeutic management that covers all the aspects of its complex pathogenesis. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this article is to present the experience, opinions, and recommendations of Brazilian dermatology experts regarding the therapeutic management of atopic dermatitis. METHODS: Eighteen experts from 10 university hospitals with experience in atopic dermatitis were appointed by the Brazilian Society of Dermatology to organize a consensus on the therapeutic management of atopic dermatitis. The 18 experts answered an online questionnaire with 14 questions related to the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Afterwards, they analyzed the recent international guidelines on atopic dermatitis of the American Academy of Dermatology, published in 2014, and of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, published in 2018. Consensus was defined as approval by at least 70% of the panel. RESULTS/CONCLUSION: The experts stated that the therapeutic management of atopic dermatitis is based on skin hydration, topical anti-inflammatory agents, avoidance of triggering factors, and educational programs. Systemic therapy, based on immunosuppressive agents, is only indicated for severe refractory disease and after failure of topical therapy. Early detection and treatment of secondary bacterial and viral infections is mandatory, and hospitalization may be needed to control atopic dermatitis flares. Novel target-oriented drugs such as immunobiologicals are invaluable therapeutic agents for atopic dermatitis.

Abstract Agroecology is indicated by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations - FAO as a solution to the realization of the human right to food. This study investigated the relationship between human values and beliefs about Agroecology. A survey was answered by students and researchers in the agricultural sciences (n=388). Two models were tested with path analysis. The results revealed that values of Self-Transcendence (0.24) and Openness to Change (0.21) were positive predictors of proagroecology beliefs. These findings point to the importance of activating these values in the training of professionals prepared for the challenge of working towards sustainable agro-food systems.

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a memória educativa como um dispositivo de pesquisa, fundamentado no aporte teórico da psicanálise, articulado com a educação. Para tanto, fez-se o levantamento das produções acadêmicas do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade de Brasília, no período de 2007 a 2019, disponíveis no repositório da instituição. Foram utilizados os descritores memória educativa, psicanálise e educação, que resultaram na identificação de 23 dissertações de mestrado e 2 teses de doutorado. Todas usaram a memória educativa sob o enfoque psicanalítico com a educação. As análises qualitativas foram organizadas em eixos e categorias temáticas. Os resultados indicaram que o uso do dispositivo, em que os sujeitos escrevem suas memórias, associadas ao contexto pedagógico e de formação, favoreceu a reflexão não só dos sujeitos das pesquisas como também dos próprios pesquisadores. A escrita sobre as experiências escolares, a relação com os professores, o contexto sociocultural associado a essa trajetória revelou diferentes dimensões na atuação pessoal e profissional. Refletir sobre a própria trajetória escolar e de formação contribuiu para melhor compreensão do processo reflexivo e constitutivo da subjetividade docente. Com base no olhar psicanalítico foi possível inferir que a escrita da memória educativa fez emergir uma compreensão sobre a própria atuação docente, com possíveis repercussões na subjetividade dos sujeitos. Esses achados apontam para a contribuição desse dispositivo de pesquisa no campo da educação, em especial para os estudos sobre a formação do professor.

Interspecific hybridization may lead to sterility and/or inviability through differential expression of genes and transposable elements (TEs). In Drosophila, studies have reported massive TE mobilization in hybrids from interspecific crosses of species presenting high divergence times. However, few studies have examined the consequences of TE mobilization upon hybridization in recently diverged species, such as Drosophila arizonae and D. mojavensis. We have sequenced transcriptomes of D. arizonae and the subspecies D. m. wrigleyi and their reciprocal hybrids, as well as piRNAs, to analyze the impact of genomic stress on TE regulation. Our results revealed that the differential expression in both gonadal tissues of parental species was similar. Globally, ovaries and testes showed few deregulated TEs compared with both parental lines. Analyses of small RNA data showed that in ovaries, the TE upregulation is likely due to divergence of copies inherited from parental genomes and lack of piRNAs mapping to them. Nevertheless, in testes, the divergent expression of genes associated with chromatin state and piRNA pathway potentially indicates that TE differential expression is related to the divergence of regulatory genes that play a role in modulating transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms.

In order to improve global effectiveness of energy production, a strategy is the model of bio-refineries in which all the components of biomass are totally used to produce a range of products with aggregated value. The kraft lignin is one of the products originated in the process of cellulose production that can be used in making densified products. The objective of this work was to evaluate the behavior of the addition of extracted kraft lignin of black kraft liquor in briquette manufactures with furniture industry waste, in the form of shavings and panel particles in different proportions. The briquettes were produced in laboratory briquetting, using the temperatures of 60, 75 and 90 o C. The pressing and cooling time was 5 minutes and pressure 68,9 x 10 5 N.m -2 (1000 PSI). The briquette quality was evaluated through determining the mechanical properties. The kraft lignin in adequate proportions and temperature showed advantages in the increase of resistance and the durability of the briquettes. The kraft lignin presented advantages such as agglutinative in briquette productions from wood waste at a pressing temperature of 90 o C with addition of 20% of kraft lignin, and at pressing temperatures of 60 and 75 o C at a proportion of addition of 40 and 60% of kraft lignin to wood waste, respectively.

The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of abnormal anal cytology in women with known genital squamous intraepithelial lesion. This study evaluated 200 women with and without genital squamous intraepithelial lesion who were recruited for anal Pap smears. Women who had abnormal results on equally or over atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance were classified as having abnormal anal cytology. A multiple logistic regression analysis (stepwise) was performed to identify the risk for developing abnormal anal cytology. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 program. The average age was 41.09 (±12.64). Of the total participants, 75.5% did not practice anal sex, 91% did not have HPV-infected partners, 92% did not have any anal pathology, and 68.5% did not have anal bleeding. More than half (57.5%) had genital SIL and a significant number developed abnormal anal cytology: 13% in the total sample and 17.4% in women with genital SIL. A significant association was observed between genital squamous intraepithelial lesion and anal squamous intraepithelial lesion (PR = 2.46; p = 0.03). In the logistic regression model, women having genital intraepithelial lesion were more likely to have abnormal anal Pap smear (aPR = 2.81; p = 0.02). This report shows that women with genital squamous intraepithelial lesion must be more closely screened for anal cancer. Keywords: Papillomavirus, Cancer, Papanicolaou test

Abstract: CLOVES syndrome is a rare, newly described, and relatively unknown syndrome, related to somatic mutations of the PIK3CA gene. Clinical findings include adipose tissue overgrowth, vascular malformations, epidermal nevi, scoliosis, and spinal deformities. This report deals with a characteristic phenotype case, highlighting peculiar cutaneous and radiological changes.

Este artigo descreve como mulheres executivas percebem o impacto de empregabilidade e gênero nas suas trajetórias profissionais nas empresas brasileiras. O referencial teórico aborda as mudanças no contexto de trabalho que fazem emergir novos modelos de carreira, bem como o impacto do gênero na construção de trajetórias profissionais. A pesquisa de campo, baseada em doze entrevistas, buscou entender como as executivas percebem e traçam suas carreiras, notadamente quanto a fatores facilitadores do processo, dificuldades percebidas e estratégias para superá-las. Nos resultados, a empregabilidade foi considerada fator relevante na construção das carreiras, via qualificação profissional. O gênero só emergiu quando discutidos papéis familiares, mais especificamente, maternidade e casamento. As entrevistadas relataram que a carreira é importante como realização pessoal, sem abrir mão da maternidade e/ou do casamento. Demonstram que enfrentam obstáculos ao assumir diferentes papéis, porém não visualizam impossibilidades, mas dificuldades em sua escolha e buscam equacionar as diferentes funções assumidas.

Zaprionus indianus is a dipteran (Drosophilidae) with a wide distribution throughout the tropics and temperate Palearctic and Nearctic regions. There have been proposals to reclassify the genus Zaprionus as a subgenus or group of the genus Drosophila because various molecular markers have indicated a close relationship between Zaprionus species and the immigrans-Hirtodrosophila radiation within Drosophila. These markers, together with alloenzymes and quantitative traits, have been used to describe the probable scenario for the expansion of Zaprionus indianus from its center of dispersal (Africa) to regions of Asia (ancient dispersal) and the Americas (recent dispersal). The introduction of Z. indianus into Brazil was first reported in 1999 and the current consensus is that the introduced flies came from high-latitude African populations through the importation of fruit. Once in Brazil, Z. indianus spread rapidly throughout the Southeast and then to the rest of the country, in association with highway-based fruit commerce. These and other aspects of the evolutionary biology of Z. indianus are addressed in this review, including a description of a probable route for this species' dispersal during its recent expansion.

Zaprionus indianus was first recorded in Brazil in 1999 and rapidly spread throughout the country. We have obtained data on esterase loci polymorphisms (Est2 and Est3), and analyzed them, using Landscape Shape Interpolation and the Monmonier Maximum Difference Algorithm to discover how regional invasion occurred. Hence, it was apparent that Z. indianus, after first arriving in São Paulo state, spread throughout the country, probably together with the transportation of commercial fruits by way of the two main Brazilian freeways, BR 153, to the south and the surrounding countryside, and the BR 116 along the coast and throughout the north-east.

Alu-PCR is a relatively simple technique that can be used to investigate genomic instability in cancer. This technique allows identification of the loss, gain or amplification of gene sequences based on the analysis of segments between two Alu elements coupled with quantitative and qualitative analyses of the profiles obtained from tumor samples, surgical margins and blood. In this work, we used Alu-PCR to identify gene alterations in ten patients with invasive ductal breast cancer. Several deletions and insertions were identified, indicating genomic instability in the tumor and adjacent normal tissue. Although not associated with specific genes, the alterations, which involved chromosomal bands 1p36.23, 1q41, 11q14.3, 13q14.2, occurred in areas of well-known genomic instability in breast and other types of cancer. These results indicate the potential usefulness of Alu-PCR in identifying altered gene sequences in breast cancer. However, caution is required in its application since the Alu primer can produce non-specific amplification.

We analyzed the distribution of the Bari-I transposable element in Drosophila melanogaster (IN(1)AB), its sibling species Drosophila simulans (C167.4) and in eight hybrid strains derived from initial crosses involving D. simulans females and D. melanogaster males of the above cited strains as well as in Brazilian populations of these species. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) data showed the presence of the Bari-I element among species populations and hybrid strains. Hybridization with a 703 bp probe homologous to the Bari-I sequence showed that the number of Bari-I copies in D. melanogaster IN(1)AB was higher than in D. simulans C167.4 strains. Hybrid strains presented Bari-I sequences related to both parental species. In addition some strains displayed a Bari-I sequence that came from D. melanogaster, suggesting introgression of D. melanogaster genetic material in the background of D. simulans. In contrast, some hybrids showed deletions of D. simulans Bari-I sequences.

Information about the distribution and insertion numbers of many transposable elements is restricted to few species of Drosophila, although these elements are widely distributed throughout the genus. The aim of this work was to describe the distribution and insertion numbers of four retrotransposons (copia, gypsy, micropia, I) and four transposons (hobo, mariner, Minos and Bari-1) in the saltans group of Drosophila. Our data shows that, except for mariner, all the other elements are widespread within the saltans group and show variable insertion numbers of up to 24 copies.

A teoria da aprendizagem significativa reforça a necessidade de se estabelecer a interação, não arbitrária e não literal, entre materiais, mecanismo de aprendizagem, informação nova e os conhecimentos prévios do estudante. Assim, os objetivos do trabalho são conhecer, avaliar e discutir as concepções prévias que alunos universitários, de primeiro ano da área da ciência da vida, apresentam sobre o sistema imunológico. Esperamos, com esta pesquisa exploratória, contribuir para a reflexão crítica sobre a importância da base teórico-pedagógica empregada na construção ativa dos conceitos científicos. Os resultados revelaram que uma minoria dos participantes apresentou conceitos adequados sobre os componentes do Sistema Imunológico. Concluímos que a maioria dos participantes completou o ensino médio sem os conhecimentos básicos de Imunologia, apresentando pseudoconceitos que permitem a comunicação, mas que podem interferir na aquisição e compreensão de novos conhecimentos científicos.

The importance of Pepetela’s liteterary text to understand the history of colonized people is already confirmed. In Lueji the author elaborates the thesis of the seamless thread of History with the natural interference of the human drama. From the text, as an artwork, social paradigms disrupting are assured, although political and economical features so evident in African countries are already present. How could the changes in productive chain of the book taken as an global market element be understand? What is the function of modern narrator and his discourse compared to unprecedented media variants that define its value?

Dengue is an arboviral infection found in tropical and subtropical regions transmitted by hematophagous mosquitoes from the genus Aedes spp. and responsible for millions of cases every year. Public campaigns and educational curriculum are designed to educate people, including children. However, what has been reported is that many decide not to follow these guidelines, even though they allegedly know what has to be done. To understand this phenomenon, this study aims to identify psychological barriers behind the adoption of pro-environmental behaviors that seek to reduce Aedes aegypti 's population. For that, middle school students participated on two studies responsible for (1) adapting the Dragons of Inaction Psychological Barrier (DIPB) scale to the target group (n = 150) and then (2) testing it on a larger group (n = 449). In the exploratory factor analysis, Bartlett correlation (p < 0.001), Cronbach's alpha (0.83), and KMO analysis (overall MSA = 0.84) showed that data was suited for factor analysis. Five factors were retained by Kaiser Criterion and scree test (i.e., Conflicting goals and unnecessary changes— α 0.76, Interpersonal relations— α 0.72, Conflicting goals and lacking knowledge— α 0.58, Tokenism—α 0.73, and Tokenism toward the government— α 0.66). After that, the scale was tested across 11 different schools, where students also answered a questionnaire about the mosquito. Results suggested that the factors Conflicting goals and lacking knowledge and Tokenism toward the government presented a higher level of agreement for all students (means: 2.6 and 2.12 out of five, respectively). Those who scored higher in the mosquito's questionnaire had factors Conflicting goals and unnecessary change and Interpersonal relations inhibited when compared to others (p < 0.05). These results suggests that future educational campaigns should build different actions that focuses on addressing both internal and external factors, creating a mosaic of projects, with different goals, each aiming different environmental challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction The genus Coffea L. (Rubiaceae) includes more than 100 species native to Africa and Madagascar (Davis et al. 2006; Maurin et al. 2007). Coffea arabica L. and Coffea canephora [...], The genus Coffea possesses about 100 species, and the most economically important are Coffea canephora and Coffea arabica. The latter is predominantly self-compatible with 2n = 4x = 44, while the others of the genus are diploid with 2n = 2x = 22 and mostly self-incompatible. Studies using molecular markers have been useful to detect differences between genomes in Coffea; however, molecular and cytogenetic studies have produced only limited information on the karyotypes organization. We used DOP-PCR to isolate repetitive elements from genome of Coffea arabica var. typica. The pCa06 clone, containing a fragment of 775 bp length, was characterized by sequencing and used as a probe in chromosomes of C. arabica and six other species: C. canephora, Coffea eugenioides, Coffea kapakata, Coffea liberica var. dewevrei, Coffea racemosa, and Coffea stenophylla. This insert shows similarities with a gag protein of the Ty3-gypjy-hke super-family. Dot blot and FISH analyses demonstrated that pCa06 is differentially accumulated between species and chromosomes. Signals appeared scattered and clustered on the chromosomes and were also associated with heterochromatic regions. While the literature shows that there is a high karyotype similarity between Coffea species, our results point out differences in the accumulation and dispersion of this Ty3-gypsy-like retrotransposon during karyotype differentiation of Coffea. Key words: Coffea, dot blot, FISH, gag sequence, retrotransposons, Ty3-gypsy-like. Le genre Coffea compte environ 100 especes dont les plus importantes au plan economique sont Coffea canephora et Coffea arabica. Cette derniere est principalement auto-compatible avec 2n = 4x = 44, tandis que les autres especes au sein du genre sont diploides avec 2n = 2x = 22 et sont majoritairement auto-incompatibles. Des etudes avec des marqueurs moleculaires ont ete utiles pour detecter les differences entre les genomes au sein du genre Coffea, mais les analyses en cytogenetique moleculaire ont produit peu d'information sur l'organisation des caryotypes. Les auteurs ont employe le DOP-PCR pour isoler des sequences repetees du genome du Coffea arabica var. typica. Le clone pCa06, porteur d'un insert de 775 pb, a ete sequence et employe comme sonde sur les chromosomes du C. arabica et de six autres especes : C. canephora, Coffea eugenioides, Coffea kapakata, Coffea liberica var. dewevrei, Coffea racemosa et Coffea stenophylla. Cet insert presente de la similarite avec la proteine gag des elements de la superfamille Ty3-gypsy. Des buvardages ponctuels et des analyses FISH ont montre que pCa06 est present en quantites variables entre especes et entre chromosomes. Les signaux semblaient epars et groupes sur les chromosomes, ainsi qu'associes aux regions heterochromatiques. Bien que la litterature rapporte qu'il y a une grande similarite des caryotypes entre les especes du genre Coffea, les resultats obtenus ici mettent en evidence des differences quant a l'accumulation et a la dispersion de ce retrotransposon de type Ty3-gypsy au cours de la differenciation carytoypique chez les Coffea. Mots-cles: Coffea, buvardage ponctuel, FISH, sequence gag, retrotransposon, element de type Ty3-gypsy.