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2. Determining the Impact of a School-Based Health Education Package for Prevention of Intestinal Worm Infections in the Philippines: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Intervention Trial

Author

Mationg, Mary Lorraine S, Williams, Gail M, Tallo, Veronica L, Olveda, Remigio M, Aung, Eindra, Alday, Portia, Reñosa, Mark Donald, Daga, Chona Mae, Landicho, Jhoys, Demonteverde, Maria Paz, Santos, Eunice Dianne, Bravo, Thea Andrea, Angly Bieri, Franziska A, Li, Yuesheng, Clements, Archie C A, Steinmann, Peter, Halton, Kate, Stewart, Donald E, McManus, Donald P, and Gray, Darren J

Subjects
Medicine, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7
Abstract

BackgroundRepeated mass drug administration (MDA) of antihelminthics to at-risk populations is still the main strategy for the control of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections. However, MDA, as a stand-alone intervention, does not prevent reinfection. Accordingly, complementary measures to prevent STH reinfection, such as health education and improved sanitation, as part of an integrated control approach, are required to augment the effectiveness of MDA for optimal efficiency and sustainability. ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to determine the impact and generalizability of a school-based health education package entitled The Magic Glasses for STH prevention in the Philippines. MethodsWe conducted a cluster randomized controlled intervention trial, involving 2020 schoolchildren aged 9-10 years, in 40 schools in Laguna Province, Philippines, to evaluate the impact of the school-based health education package for the prevention of STHs. The trial was conducted over the course of 1 year (June 2016 to July 2017). A total of 20 schools were randomly assigned to the intervention arm, in which The Magic Glasses Philippines health education package was delivered with the standard health education activities endorsed by the Philippines Department of Health (DOH) and the Department of Education (DepEd). The other 20 schools comprised the control arm of the study, where the DOH/DepEd’s standard health education activities were done. At baseline, parasitological assessments and a knowledge, attitude, and practice survey were carried out in all schools. In addition, height, weight, and hemoglobin levels were obtained from each child (after parental consent), and their school attendance and academic performance in English and mathematics were accessed from the school records. The baseline and 2 follow-up surveys were completed using the same study measurements and quality-control assessments. ResultsKey results from this cluster randomized intervention trial will shed light on the impact that The Magic Glasses health education package will have against STH infections in schoolchildren in the province of Laguna, located on the Island of Luzon, in the Calabarzon Region of the Philippines. ConclusionsThe results of the trial will be used to assess the generalizability of the impact of The Magic Glasses health education package in different epidemiological and cultural settings, providing evidence for translation of this health education package into public health policy and practice in the Asian region and beyond. Trial RegistrationAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number ACTRN12616000508471; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=368849 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/18419

Published
2020
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3. A study protocol for a multi-country cluster randomized controlled trial of the impact of a multi-component One Health strategy to eliminate Opisthorchis viverrini and soil transmitted helminths in the Lower Mekong Basin

Author

Mationg, Mary Lorraine, Clements, Archie C. A., Williams, Gail M., Kelly, Matthew, Stewart, Donald E., Gordon, Catherine A., Wangdi, Kinley, Tangkawattana, Sirikachorn, Suwannatrai, Apiporn T., Savathdy, Vanathom, Khieu, Visal, Wannachart, Sangduan, O’Connor, Suji Yoo, Forsyth, Simon, Gannon, Sean, Odermatt, Peter, McManus, Donald P., Sayasone, Somphou, Khieu, Virak, Sripa, Banchob, and Gray, Darren J.

Published
2024
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24. Community-wide versus school-based targeted deworming for soil-transmitted helminth control in school-aged children in Vietnam: the CoDe-STH cluster-randomised controlled trial

Author

Dyer, Clare E.F., Ng-Nguyen, Dinh, Clarke, Naomi E., Hii, Sze Fui, Nguyen, Hieu Quoc, Nguyen, Van-Anh Thi, Nguyen, Thai Van, Nguyen, Trong Van, Ngo, Tam Thi, Herath, H.M.P. Dilrukshi, Wand, Handan, Coffeng, Luc E., Marshall, Justine C., Gray, Darren J., Anderson, Roy M., Clements, Archie C.A., Kaldor, John M., Traub, Rebecca J., and Vaz Nery, Susana

Published
2023
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26. Liver and cardiometabolic markers and conditions in a cross-sectional study of three Australian communities living with environmental per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances contamination

Author

Lazarevic, Nina, Smurthwaite, Kayla S., D'Este, Catherine, Lucas, Robyn M., Armstrong, Bruce, Clements, Archie CA., Trevenar, Susan M., Gad, Imogen, Hosking, Rose, Law, Hsei Di, Mueller, Jochen, Bräunig, Jennifer, Nilsson, Sandra, Lane, Jo, Lal, Aparna, Lidbury, Brett A., Korda, Rosemary J., and Kirk, Martyn D.

Published
2023
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27. Psychological distress in three Australian communities living with environmental per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances contamination

Author

Lazarevic, Nina, Smurthwaite, Kayla S., Batterham, Philip J., Lane, Jo, Trevenar, Susan M., D'Este, Catherine, Clements, Archie C.A., Joshy, Amelia L., Hosking, Rose, Gad, Imogen, Lal, Aparna, Law, Hsei Di, Banwell, Catherine, Randall, Deborah A., Miller, Adrian, Housen, Tambri, Korda, Rosemary J., and Kirk, Martyn D.

Published
2023
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30. Cost analysis for “The Magic Glasses Philippines” health education package to prevent intestinal worm infections among Filipino schoolchildren

Author

Mationg, Mary Lorraine S., Williams, Gail M., Tallo, Veronica L., Olveda, Remigio M., Aung, Eindra, Alday, Portia, Reñosa, Mark Donald, Daga, Chona Mae, Landicho, Jhoys, Demonteverde, Maria Paz, Santos, Eunice Diane, Bravo, Thea Andrea, Bourke, Siobhan, Munira, Syarifah Liza, Bieri, Franziska Angly, Li, Yuesheng S., Clements, Archie C.A., Steinmann, Peter, Halton, Kate, Stewart, Donald E., McManus, Donald P., and Gray, Darren J.

Published
2023
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31. Modelling diverse sources of Clostridium difficile in the community: importance of animals, infants and asymptomatic carriers

Author

McLure, Angus, Clements, Archie C. A., Kirk, Martyn, and Glass, Kathryn

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Populations and Evolution
Abstract

Clostridium difficile infections (CDIs) affect patients in hospitals and in the community, but the relative importance of transmission in each setting is unknown. We developed a mathematical model of C. difficile transmission in a hospital and surrounding community that included infants, adults, and transmission from animal reservoirs. We assessed the role of these transmission routes in maintaining disease and evaluated the recommended classification system for hospital and community-acquired CDIs. The reproduction number in the hospital was <1 (range: 0.16-0.46) for all scenarios. Outside the hospital, the reproduction number was >1 for nearly all scenarios without transmission from animal reservoirs (range: 1.0-1.34). However, the reproduction number for the human population was <1 if a minority (>3.5-26.0%) of human exposures originated from animal reservoirs. Symptomatic adults accounted for <10% transmission in the community. Under conservative assumptions, infants accounted for 17% of community transmission. An estimated 33-40% of community-acquired cases were reported but 28-39% of these reported cases were misclassified as hospital-acquired by recommended definitions. Transmission could be plausibly sustained by asymptomatically colonized adults and infants in the community or exposure to animal reservoirs, but not hospital transmission alone. Underreporting of community-onset cases and systematic misclassification underplays the role of community transmission.

Published
2018

32. The role of water, sanitation and hygiene interventions in reducing soil-transmitted helminths: interpreting the evidence and identifying next steps

Author

Vaz Nery, Susana, Pickering, Amy J, Abate, Ebba, Asmare, Abraham, Barrett, Laura, Benjamin-Chung, Jade, Bundy, Donald AP, Clasen, Thomas, Clements, Archie CA, Colford, John M, Ercumen, Ayse, Crowley, Siobhan, Cumming, Oliver, Freeman, Matthew C, Haque, Rashidul, Mengistu, Birhan, Oswald, William E, Pullan, Rachel L, Oliveira, Rita G, Einterz Owen, Katey, Walson, Judd L, Youya, Ashrafedin, and Brooker, Simon J

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Prevention, Clean Water and Sanitation, Animals, Clinical Trials as Topic, Communicable Disease Control, Feces, Helminthiasis, Helminths, Humans, Hygiene, Sanitation, Schools, Soil, Water, Soil-transmitted helminths, WASH, Medical Microbiology, Public Health and Health Services, Mycology & Parasitology, Tropical Medicine, Microbiology, Medical microbiology
Abstract

The transmission soil transmitted helminths (STH) occurs via ingestion of or contact with infective stages present in soil contaminated with human faeces. It follows therefore that efforts to reduce faecal contamination of the environment should help to reduce risk of parasite exposure and improvements in water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) are seen as essential for the long-term, sustainable control of STH. However, the link between WASH and STH is not always supported by the available evidence from randomised controlled trials, which report mixed effects of WASH intervention on infection risk. This review critically summarises the available trial evidence and offers an interpretation of the observed heterogeneity in findings. The review also discusses the implications of findings for control programmes and highlights three main issues which merit further consideration: intervention design, exposure assessment, and intervention fidelity assessment.

Published
2019

33. “The Magic Glasses Philippines”: a cluster randomised controlled trial of a health education package for the prevention of intestinal worm infections in schoolchildren

Author

Mationg, Mary Lorraine S, Williams, Gail M, Tallo, Veronica L, Olveda, Remigio M, Aung, Eindra, Alday, Portia, Reñosa, Mark Donald, Daga, Chona Mae, Landicho, Jhoys, Demonteverde, Maria Paz, Santos, Eunice Diane, Bravo, Thea Andrea, Bieri, Franziska Angly, Bedford, Andrew, Li, Yuesheng, Clements, Archie C A, Steinmann, Peter, Halton, Kate, Stewart, Donald E, McManus, Donald P, and Gray, Darren J

Published
2022
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40. Bayesian spatio-temporal analysis of dengue transmission in Lao PDR.

Author

Soukavong, Mick, Thinkhamrop, Kavin, Pratumchart, Khanittha, Soulaphy, Chanthavy, Xangsayarath, Phonepadith, Mayxay, Mayfong, Phommachanh, Sysavanh, Kelly, Matthew, Wangdi, Kinley, Clements, Archie C. A., and Suwannatrai, Apiporn T.

Subjects
ARBOVIRUS diseases, BAYESIAN analysis, NORMALIZED difference vegetation index, DENGUE, MOSQUITO control, VIRUS diseases, ZOONOSES
Abstract

Dengue, a zoonotic viral disease transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, poses a significant public health concern throughout the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR). This study aimed to describe spatial–temporal patterns and quantify the effects of environmental and climate variables on dengue transmission at the district level. The dengue data from 2015 to 2020 across 148 districts of Lao PDR were obtained from the Lao PDR National Center for Laboratory and Epidemiology (NCLE). The association between monthly dengue occurrences and environmental and climate variations was investigated using a multivariable Zero-inflated Poisson regression model developed in a Bayesian framework. The study analyzed a total of 72,471 dengue cases with an incidence rate of 174 per 100,000 population. Each year, incidence peaked from June to September and a large spike was observed in 2019. The Bayesian spatio-temporal model revealed a 9.1% decrease (95% credible interval [CrI] 8.9%, 9.2%) in dengue incidence for a 0.1 unit increase in monthly normalized difference vegetation index at a 1-month lag and a 5.7% decrease (95% CrI 5.3%, 6.2%) for a 1 cm increase in monthly precipitation at a 6-month lag. Conversely, dengue incidence increased by 43% (95% CrI 41%, 45%) for a 1 °C increase in monthly mean temperature at a 3-month lag. After accounting for covariates, the most significant high-risk spatial clusters were detected in the southern regions of Lao PDR. Probability analysis highlighted elevated trends in 45 districts, emphasizing the importance of targeted control strategies in high-risk areas. This research underscores the impact of climate and environmental factors on dengue transmission, emphasizing the need for proactive public health interventions tailored to specific contexts in Lao PDR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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41. Effectiveness of nutritional support to improve treatment adherence in patients with tuberculosis: a systematic review.

Author

Wagnew, Fasil, Gray, Darren, Tsheten, Tsheten, Kelly, Matthew, Clements, Archie C A, and Alene, Kefyalew Addis

Subjects
TUBERCULOSIS treatment, PATIENT compliance, MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems, NUTRITION counseling, FOOD security, TREATMENT effectiveness, SYSTEMATIC reviews, MEDLINE, FOOD relief, ONLINE information services, DIET therapy, DIETARY supplements
Abstract

Context Nutritional interventions substantially improve tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes and prevent complications. However, there is limited evidence about the connections between having nutritional support and TB treatment adherence. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of nutritional support in improving treatment adherence among patients with TB. Data Sources Databases, including PubMed, Embase (Ovid), Web of Science, and Scopus, were comprehensively reviewed to identify relevant studies reporting the impacts of nutritional support on TB treatment adherence. Data Extraction Two authors independently screened the title, abstracts, and full article texts to identify eligible studies and assess the risk of bias. Observational and interventional studies were included. Data Analysis A narrative synthesis approach was used to summarize the findings qualitatively. Results From the search, 3059 publications were identified; of these, 8 studies were included in this systematic review. Three types of nutritional interventions were identified: food baskets (eg, energy, micronutrient- or macronutrient-enriched food support), nutritional advice and guidance, and incentives for buying foods. Although 5 studies reported that nutritional support significantly improved treatment adherence in patients with TB, 3 studies showed that nutritional support had no effect on TB treatment adherence. Conclusions Providing nutritional support may improve adherence to TB treatment. However, more well-powered, high-quality trials are warranted to demonstrate the effect of nutrition support on cost-effectively improving adherence to TB treatment. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023392162. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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42. Relative risks of childhood developmental vulnerabilities in three Australian communities with exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances: data linkage study

Author

Law, Hsei Di, primary, Armstrong, Bruce, additional, D'este, Catherine, additional, Hosking, Rose, additional, Smurthwaite, Kayla, additional, Trevenar, Susan, additional, Lazarevic, Nina, additional, Lucas, Robyn, additional, Clements, Archie, additional, Kirk, Martyn, additional, and Korda, Rosemary, additional

Published
2024
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50. Investigating differences in village-level heterogeneity of malaria infection and household risk factors in Papua New Guinea

Author

Gul, Desmond, Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Daniela, Nate, Elma, Auwan, Alma, Salib, Mary, Lorry, Lina, Keven, John B., Katusele, Michelle, Rosado, Jason, Hofmann, Natalie, Ome-Kaius, Maria, Koepfli, Cristian, Felger, Ingrid, Kazura, James W., Hetzel, Manuel W., Mueller, Ivo, Karl, Stephan, Clements, Archie C. A., Fowkes, Freya J. I., Laman, Moses, and Robinson, Leanne J.

Published
2021
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