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121 results on '"Cleveland, K."'

2. Aftershocks of the 2012 Off-Coast of Sumatra Earthquake Sequence

Author

Chai, Chengping, Ammon, Charles J., and Cleveland, K. Michael

Subjects
Physics - Geophysics
Abstract

Aftershocks of the 2012 Off-Coast of Sumatra Earthquake Sequence exhibit a complex and diffuse spatial distribution. The first-order complexity in aftershock distribution is clear and well beyond the influence of typical earthquake location uncertainty. The sequence included rupture of multiple fault segments, spatially separated. We use surface-wave based relative centroid locations to examine whether, at the small scale, the distribution of the aftershocks was influenced by location errors. Surface-wave based relative location has delineated precise oceanic transform fault earthquake locations in multiple regions. However, the relocated aftershocks off the coast of Sumatra seldom align along simple linear trends that are compatible with the corresponding fault strikes as estimated for the GCMT catalog. The relocation of roughly 60 moderate-earthquake epicentroids suggests that the faulting involved in the 2012 earthquake aftershock sequence included strain release along many short fault segments. Statistical analysis and temporal variations of aftershocks show a typical decay of the aftershocks but a relatively low number of aftershocks, as is common for intraplate oceanic earthquakes. Coulomb stress calculations indicate that most of the moderate-magnitude aftershocks are compatible with stress changes predicted by the large-event slip models. The patterns in the aftershocks suggest that the formation of the boundary and eventual localization of deformation between the Indian and Australian plate is a complicated process., Comment: accepted by Tectonophysics on 25 Apr 2019

Published
2019
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7. Rayleigh Wave Propagation in the Bighorn Mountains Region, Wyoming.

Author

Kintner, Jonas A., Cleveland, K. Michael, Modrak, Ryan, and Dunham, Audrey

Abstract

Short-period Rayleigh waves, Rg, provide strong constraints on the depth of shallow seismic events and are of interest for monitoring small explosions. Characterizing the seismic sources that generate Rg requires an understanding of how shallow crustal structure affects Rayleigh wave propagation. In support of these efforts, this study utilizes observed waveforms from small shallow explosions recorded on temporary seismic network deployments in the Bighorn region, Wyoming. We study regional near-surface geology by measuring changes in surface-wave amplitude and polarization during propagation through basins, foothills, and mountains. We develop additional insight by carrying out surface-wave eigenfunction analyses and numerical-wave simulations, which together reproduce many characteristics seen in the observed waveforms. Our results show how sedimentary basins in the Bighorn region allow for amplified prograde-polarized higher-mode and retrograde-polarized fundamental-mode Rayleigh waves, whereas adjacent mountains only support retrograde motion. These different modes provide distinct constraints on the Earth structure and source characteristics, potentially enabling targeted inversions in future studies. Our findings provide insight into Rg propagation through complex near-surface geology, improving our understanding of shallow propagation and source effects that are relevant to explosion monitoring efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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12. Testing a Local-Distance Rg/Sg Discriminant Using Observations from the Bighorn Region, Wyoming.

Author

Kintner, Jonas A., Cleveland, K. Michael, Ammon, Charles J., and Nyblade, Andrew

Abstract

This study explores the effectiveness of local-distance (<200 km) seismic discriminant to distinguish between surface mine blasts, single-shot borehole explosions, and earthquakes in the Bighorn Mountains region, Wyoming. We focus on the ratio between local-distance fundamental-mode surface waves (Rg) and the crustal shear-wave (Sg) signals. The observed spectral amplitude measurements are fit to propagation models that account for distance-dependent geometrical spreading and attenuation, and site amplification factors. The results support previous observations that Rg attenuates rapidly, is amplified in sedimentary basins, and has suppressed amplitudes in isolated mountainous terrain. Sg attenuates less rapidly than Rg but exhibits a similar spatial site amplification pattern. We compute an Rg/Sg source discriminant by taking the ratio between site- and distance-corrected Rg and Sg amplitude measurements. The results suggest that the site- and distance-corrected Rg/Sg ratios can distinguish events larger than ML~1.5 (in the Bighorn region). The discriminant may also be sensitive to explosion emplacement conditions, where the ratios are higher for borehole shots in sedimentary strata and lower for explosions within the basement. The analysis shows that the Rg/Sg discriminant is effective for events in the Bighorn region for events larger than ML~1.5 if proper considerations are made to account for event size and near-source material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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35. Reply

Author

Cleveland, K. O., primary and Gelfand, M. S., additional

Published
1996
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43. Pantophysin is a phosphoprotein component of adipocyte transport vesicles and associates with GLUT4-containing vesicles.

Author

Brooks, C C, Scherer, P E, Cleveland, K, Whittemore, J L, Lodish, H F, and Cheatham, B

Abstract

Pantophysin, a protein related to the neuroendocrine-specific synaptophysin, recently has been identified in non-neuronal tissues. In the present study, Northern blots showed that pantophysin mRNA was abundant in adipose tissue and increased during adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells. Immunoblot analysis of subcellular fractions showed pantophysin present exclusively in membrane fractions and relatively evenly distributed in the plasma membrane and internal membrane fractions. Sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation demonstrated that pantophysin and GLUT4 exhibited overlapping distribution profiles. Furthermore, immunopurified GLUT4 vesicles contained pantophysin, and both GLUT4 and pantophysin were depleted from this vesicle population following treatment with insulin. Additionally, a subpopulation of immunopurified pantophysin vesicles contained insulin-responsive GLUT4. Consistent with the interaction of synaptophysin with vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 in neuroendocrine tissues, pantophysin associated with vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 in adipocytes. Furthermore, in [(32)P]orthophosphate-labeled cells, pantophysin was phosphorylated in the basal state. This phosphorylation was unchanged in response to insulin; however, insulin stimulated the phosphorylation of a 77-kDa protein associated with alpha-pantophysin immunoprecipitates. Although the functional role of pantophysin in vesicle trafficking is unclear, its presence on GLUT4 vesicles is consistent with the emerging role of soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive protein receptor (SNARE) factor complex and related proteins in regulated vesicle transport in adipocytes. In addition, pantophysin may provide a marker for the analysis of other vesicles in adipocytes.

Published
2000

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