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Despite southern South America being recognized as a hotspot for deep convective storms, little is known about the socioenvironmental impacts of high-impact weather (HIW) events. Although there have been past efforts to collect severe weather reports in the region, they have been highly fragmented among and within countries, sharing no common protocol, and limited to a particular phenomenon, a very specific region, or a short period of time. There is a pressing need for a more comprehensive understanding of the present risks linked to HIW events, specifically deep convective storms, on a global scale as well as their variability and potential future evolution in the context of climate change. A database of high-quality and systematic HIW reports and associated socioenvironmental impacts is essential to understand the regional atmospheric conditions leading to hazardous weather, to quantify its predictability, and to build robust early warning systems. To tackle this problem and following successful initiatives in other regions of the world, researchers, national weather service members, and weather enthusiasts from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay have embarked on a multinational collaboration to generate a standardized database of reports of HIW events principally associated with convective storms and their socioenvironmental impacts in South America. The goal of this paper is to describe this unprecedented initiative over the region, to summarize first results, and to discuss the potential applications of this collaboration. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The South American Meteorological Hazards and their Impacts Database represents a collaborative multinational initiative aimed at systematically gathering data on high-impact weather events. Cross-border information exchange and collaborative efforts between national weather services, the academic sector, users, and weather enthusiasts will improve multihazard-impact-based forecasts and risk management strategies in the region. KEYWORDS: Hail; Severe storms; Tornadoes; Wind gusts; Convective storms; Operational forecasting, 1. Introduction Many studies have recognized southern South America (south of 15[degrees]S; Fig. 1) as a worldwide hotspot for strong deep moist convection (e.g., Zipser et al. 2006; Romatschke and [...]

The Hawai'i Climate Data Portal (HCDP) is designed to facilitate streamlined access to a wide variety of climate data and information for the State of Hawai'i. Prior to the development of the HCDP, gridded climate products and point datasets were fragmented, outdated, not easily accessible, and not available in near-real time. To address these limitations, HCDP researchers developed the cyberinfrastructure necessary to 1) operationalize data acquisition and product production in a near-real-time environment and 2) make data and products easily accessible to a wide range of users. The HCDP hosts several high-resolution (250 m) gridded products including monthly rainfall and daily temperature (maximum, minimum, and mean), station data, and gridded future projections of rainfall and temperature. HCDP users can visualize both gridded and point data, create and download custom maps, and query station and gridded data for export with relative ease. The 'virtual station' feature allows users to create a climate time series at any grid point. The primary objective of the HCDP is to promote sharing and access to data and information to streamline research activities, improve awareness, and promote the development of tools and resources that can help to build adaptive capacities. The HCDP products have the potential to serve a wide range of users including researchers, resource managers, city planners, engineers, teachers, students, civil society organizations, and the broader community. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The Hawai'i Climate Data Portal (HCDP) is an open-source data platform designed to provide easy access to climate data and information for the State of Hawai'i. The HCDP contains both station data and historical and future maps of rainfall and temperature. These high-resolution (250 m) maps are updated in near-real time and available for streamlined visualization and download. The HCDP fills a critical need for a centralized clearinghouse of climate data in the State of Hawai'i. HCDP data can be used to make resource management decisions and to raise awareness of observed and projected changes to the climate system. Many ongoing projects are leveraging HCDP data to develop models and decision support tools to improve adaptive capacities across the state. KEYWORDS: Rainfall; Climate; Temperature; Downscaling; Climate services, 1. Data portal purpose and design The effects of climate change, including higher temperatures (McKenzie et al. 2019), increased drought magnitude and duration (Frazier et al. 2022), decreases in rainfall [...]

Species that coexist nowadays will not necessarily match their distributions in the future due to different climate suitability. The aim of this study was to identify potential distribution areas where the bark beetle Dendroctonus adjunctus and six of its host tree species overlap under different climate change scenarios. Potential distribution maps were built with species presence data using the MaxLike R library. For each projection, we used WorldClim bioclimatic variables, current and future (2050, 2070) condition climate data, two greenhouse gas concentration scenarios (RCP 4.5, RCP 8.5), and three general circulation models. The results show that the projected current potential distribution area of the bark beetle extends over 216 000 [km.sup.2]. This potential distribution range spans across 28 of the 32Mexican states, eight of which have not yet reported the insect's presence. Of the 72 overlapping maps that we made, the largest covers more than 118 000 [km.sup.2] for Pinus duranguensis, while all future projections show a reduction in spatial coincidence. Given future climatic scenarios, D. adjunctus will probably reach higher altitudinal sites. The information contained in this study can be used to identify areas to prioritize monitoring, management, plant sanitation treatment, and reforestation strategies in Mexican pine forests. Key words: bark insects, RCP, MaxLike, pine forests Des especes qui coexistent aujourd'hui ne verront pas necessairement leurs distributions correspondre a l'avenir en raison de leur aptitude differente au climat. L'objectif de cette etude etait d'identifier les zones de distribution potentielles ou le scolyte Dendroctonus adjunctus et six de ses especes d'arbres hotes se chevauchent selon differents scenarios de changement climatique. Des cartes de distribution potentielle ont ete etablies a partir des donnees de presence des especes en utilisant la bibliotheque R MaxLike. Pour chaque projection, nous avons utilise les variables bioclimatiques WorldClim, les donnees climatiques des conditions actuelles et futures (2050, 2070), deux scenarios de concentration de gaz a effet de serre (RCP 4.5, RCP 8.5) et trois modeles de circulation generale. Les resultats montrent que l'aire de distribution potentielle actuelle projetee du scolyte s'etend sur 216 000 [km.sup.2]. Cette aire de distribution potentielle s'etend sur 28 des 32 Etats mexicains, dont huit n'ont pas encore signale la presence de l'insecte. Parmi les 72 cartes superposees que nous avons realisees, la plus grande couvre plus de 118 000 [km.sup.2] pour Pinus duranguensis, alors que toutes les projections futures montrent une reduction de la coincidence spatiale. Compte tenu des scenarios climatiques futurs, D. adjunctus atteindra probablement des sites plus eleves en altitude. Les informations contenues dans cette etude peuvent etre utilisees pour identifier les zones a privilegier en matiere de surveillance, de gestion, de traitement phytosanitaire et de strategies de reboisement dans les forets de pins mexicaines. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : insectes de l'ecorce, RCP, MaxLike, forets de pins, 1. Introduction The bark beetles of Dendroctonus genus have shared habitat with Pinus through their evolutive history (Salinas-Moreno et al. 2004). Their distribution is linked to their host species (Salinas-Moreno [...]

When an extreme event occurs, We now have well-established methods to quantify the contribution of anthropogenic climate change to its occurrence. As a society we are interested in this attribution [...]

Climate change has been and will be accompanied by widespread changes in surface temperature. It is clear that these changes include global-wide increases in mean surface temperature and changes in temperature variance that are more regionally-dependent.sup.1-3. It is less clear whether they also include changes in the persistence of surface temperature. This is important as the effects of weather events on ecosystems and society depend critically on the length of the event. Here we provide an extensive survey of the response of surface temperature persistence to climate change over the twenty-first century from the output of 150 simulations run on four different Earth system models, and from simulations run on simplified models with varying representations of radiative processes and large-scale dynamics. Together, the results indicate that climate change simulations are marked by widespread changes in surface temperature persistence that are generally most robust over ocean areas and arise due to a seemingly broad range of physical processes. The findings point to both the robustness of widespread changes in persistence under climate change, and the critical need to better understand, simulate and constrain such changes. A survey of climate change simulations from different models indicates widespread changes in surface temperature persistence under global warming that may be attributable to a broad range of physical processes., Author(s): Jingyuan Li [sup.1] , David W. J. Thompson [sup.1] [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, USA (2) School of Environmental Sciences, University [...]

The abundance and complexity of available scientific information produced by the climate science research community create several challenges for potential users of the information, including scientists but also professional practitioners, [...]

While the basic scientific concepts of anthropogenic climate change are now well established, uncertainties in climate projections have remained staggeringly large. For instance, the equilibrium climate sensitivity--the global surface warming [...]