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To explore the effect of infection on hyperglycemic hemichorea. Methods: The clinical data of 11 patients with hyperglycemic hemichorea admitted to the Affiliated People' s Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College and the Second People's Hospital of Xinxiang were retrospectively analyzed, including gender, age, clinical symptoms, imaging features, blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, infection indicators, and treatment conditions. Results: Eleven patients had acute or sub-acute onset, including 9 females and 2 males, with an average age of 74.55 years. Nine patients presented with unilateral limb involuntary movement and 2 patients presented with bilateral limb involuntary movement. Imaging findings of 9 patients showed abnormalities in the basal ganglia region. Random blood glucose levels were all elevated at admission, with an average blood glucose value of 26.20 mmol/l. Urine ketone bodies were positive in 2 patients, inflammatory indexes were elevated in 7 patients, symptoms of hypoglycemic treatment and anti-infection treatment in 10 patients disappeared, and symptoms of 1 patient disappeared after improved microcirculation treatment. Conclusion: The disease tends to occur in middle-aged and elderly women, and the blood glucose may fluctuate significantly during the onset. Infection may lead to the occurrence and development of the disease. Active control of blood sugar, inflammation and improvement of brain metabolism can effectively control symptoms and prevent recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Due to its rarity, subcutaneous panniculitis‐like T‐cell lymphoma (SPTCL) is often misdiagnosed as benign panniculitis, and there are no standardized treatment guidelines for SPTCL. Aurora kinase A (AURKA) plays a regulatory role in both mitosis and meiosis. Cells treated with an AURKA inhibitor showed severe mitotic delay, which triggered apoptosis. Materials and Methods: Ten cases of SPTCL were collected in this study, and immunohistochemistry was performed to detect AURKA expression in the skin tissues of these cases. Control groups were set as follows: 1) 10 cases of inflammatory panniculitis; 2) 9 healthy individuals. Fisher's exact test was used to compare the positive rates of AURKA among various groups. Results: An average onset age of 27.3 years was found in 10 SPTCL cases. Clinically, these patients primarily presented with multiple subcutaneous nodules on the trunk and lower extremities, accompanied by intermittent high fever. One case showed lymph node metastasis, while no other distant organ metastasis being observed in any case. Pathologically, there was an infiltration of a large number of atypical lymphocytes within the fat lobules, characterized as a cytotoxic type. AURKA stanning was positive in 6 out of 10 SPTCL cases, while no positive cases were found in the control groups. Conclusion: 1) SPTCL predominantly affects young individuals and can be identified by nodular erythema on the trunk, intermittent high fever, and infiltration of atypical cytotoxic lymphocytes within fat lobules. 2) For early‐stage cases without metastasis, monotherapy with glucocorticoids or immunosuppressants such as cyclosporine can be considered. 3) High expression of AURKA in SPTCL tissues suggests that AURKA could be a potential biomarker for disease diagnosis, providing a theoretical basis for further targeted therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yunyan Zheng,1,* Weiwei Shi,1,2,* Huiying Wang,1 Ruzhi Zhang3 1Department of Dermatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ruzhi Zhang, Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, 10 Kangfu Road, Wuhu, 241000, People’s Republic of China, Email zhangruzhi628@163.comPurpose: This study aimed to improve the understanding of sporotrichosis by analyzing the epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations, mycological features, and pathological characteristics of the disease in eastern China.Methods: Clinical data of 49 patients diagnosed with cutaneous sporotrichosis in dermatology clinics over a 20-year period were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The analysis included patient demographics, occupations, clinical types, lesion sites, misdiagnosis rates, laboratory investigations, treatment and outcomes.Results: The study included 22 male and 27 female patients, with a mean age of 52.4 years. Farmers (42.86%) and manual workers (28.57%) had a higher risk of infection. The most common clinical types were lymphocutaneous (30.61%) and fixed (69.39%), predominantly affecting the face and upper limbs. Misdiagnosis as other infectious skin diseases occurred in 35 patients (71.43%). Fungal culture and histopathological examination were important diagnostic tools. Treatment with oral itraconazole for three months led to relief and regression of the skin lesions in most patients, although a few experienced recurrences.Conclusion: Cutaneous sporotrichosis mainly affects individuals working in agriculture and manual labour, with lymphocutaneous and fixed types being the predominant clinical manifestations. The high misdiagnosis rate emphasizes the importance of early recognition, accurate diagnosis and standardized treatment for the prognosis and cure of sporotrichosis. Fungal culture and histopathological examination are essential for diagnosis, and oral itraconazole is an effective treatment option.Keywords: sporotrichosis, cutaneous form, clinical analysis, epidemiology, misdiagnosis

Objective To explore the characteristics of systemic sclerosis with acro-ulceration (SSc-DUs) and its association with organ involvement and autoantibodies in order to improve the understanding of the disease. Methods The clinical data of 70 patients with SSc-DUs were analyzed retrospectively, and the sites of ulcer and organ involvement were also analyzed. The clinical data of 155 patients with systemic sclerosis without acroulcers (SSc-No-DUs) were used as controls to assess the association between SSc-DUs and organ involvement and autoantibodies. Results The most common sites of ulcers were the fingertips (51.43%), interphalangeal joints (22.86%) and toes (15.71%), while the involvements of the heel, elbow and ankle joints were relatively rare. The rates of heart failure (31.42%) and esophageal involvement (65.71%) in SSc-DUs group were higher than those in SSc-No-DUs group (both P0.05). Conclusions The ulcers in patients with SSc-DUs are more common in the fingertips and interphalangeal joints. SSc-DUs patients are more likely to have esophageal involvement and a higher incidence of heart failure. Anti-Scl-70 antibody (+), anti-SSA antibody (+), and anti-Ro-52 antibody (+) may be danger signs of the development of ulcers.

Introduction: Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) is an autosomal recessive disorder, characterized by microcephaly, immunodeficiency, and impaired DNA repair. NBS is most prevalent among Slavic populations, including Ukraine. Our study aimed to comprehensively assess the prevalence, diagnosis, clinical data, immunological parameters, and treatment of NBS patients in Ukraine. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review that included 84 NBS patients from different regions of Ukraine who were diagnosed in 1999-2023. Data from the Ukrainian Registry of NBS and information from treating physicians, obtained using a developed questionnaire, were utilized for analysis. Results: Among 84 NBS patients, 55 (65.5%) were alive, 25 (29.8%) deceased, and 4 were lost to follow-up. The median age of patients was 11 years, ranging from 1 to 34 years. Most patients originate from western regions of Ukraine (57.8%), although in recent years, there has been an increase in diagnoses from central and southeastern regions, expanding our knowledge of NBS prevalence. The number of diagnosed patients per year averaged 3.4 and increased from 2.7 to 4.8 in recent years. The median age of NBS diagnosis was 4.0 years (range 0.1-16) in 1999-2007 and decreased to 2.7 in the past 6 years. Delayed physical development was observed in the majority of children up to the age of ten years. All children experienced infections, and 41.3% of them had recurrent infections. Severe infections were the cause of death in 12%. The second most common clinical manifestation of NBS was malignancies (37.5%), with the prevalence of lymphomas (63.3%). Malignancies have been the most common cause of death in NBS patients (72% of cases). Decreased levels of CD4+ and CD19+ were observed in 89.6%, followed by a reduction of CD3+ (81.8%) and CD8+ (62.5%). The level of NK cells was elevated at 62.5%. IgG concentration was decreased in 72.9%, and IgA - in 56.3%. Immunoglobulin replacement therapy was administered to 58.7% of patients. Regular immunoglobulin replacement therapy has helped reduce the frequency and severity of severe respiratory tract infections. Conclusion: Improvements in diagnosis, including prenatal screening, newborn screening, monitoring, and expanding treatment options, will lead to better outcomes for NBS patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and related complications of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of thalassemia. Methods A retrospective analysis of the efficacy and related complications of 54 patients with thalassemia who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the Department of Hematology of the hospital from November 2018 to September 2021. Results The implantation rate was 100.0%, the thalassemia-free survival rate was 98.1%, and there were 8 cases of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), the incidence rate was 14.8%. Further analysis of the related risk factors for aGVHD showed that there were statistical differences among different donor sources (P< 0.05). Among other related complications of transplantation, there was a statistical difference between age and CMV(P<0.05), and there was a statistical difference between donor source and hemorrhagic cystitis(HC) (P <0.05). Conclusion Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can effectively treat thalassemia, and donor source and age may be risk factors for complications after transplantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer is considered to be one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and new therapeutic approaches, especially improved novel cancer treatment regimens, are in high demand. Considering that many chemotherapeutic drugs tend to have poor pharmacokinetic profiles, including rapid clearance and limited on-site accumulation, a combined approach with tumor-homing peptide (THP)-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles could lead to remarkable improvements. This is confirmed by an increasing number of papers in this field, showing that the on-target peptide functionalization of magnetic nanoparticles improves their penetration properties and ensures tumor-specific binding, which results in an increased clinical response. This review aims to highlight the potential applications of THPs in combination with magnetic carriers across various fields, including a pharmacoeconomic perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women. It represents a public health problem that must be addressed through the early detection of specific biomarkers and effective treatment. To address this critical issue, it is imperative to implement effective methodologies for specific biomarker detection of lung cancer in real clinical samples. Electrochemical methods, including microfluidic devices and biosensors, can obtain robust results that reduce time, cost, and assay complexity. This comprehensive review will explore specific studies, methodologies, and detection limits and contribute to the depth of the discussion, making it a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians interested in lung cancer diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the characteristics of systemic sclerosis with acro-ulceration (SSc-DUs) and its association with organ involvement and autoantibodies in order to improve the understanding of the disease. Methods The clinical data of 70 patients with SSc-DUs were analyzed retrospectively, and the sites of ulcer and organ involvement were also analyzed. The clinical data of 155 patients with systemic sclerosis without acroulcers ( SSc-No-DUs) were used as controls to assess the association between SSc-DUs and organ involvement and autoantibodies. Results The most common sites of ulcers were the fingertips (51.43%), interphalangeal joints (22. 86% ) and toes (15. 71% ), while the involvements of the heel, elbow and ankle joints were relatively rare. The rates of heart failure (31. 42% ) and esophageal involvement (65. 71% ) in SSc-DUs group were higher than those in SSc-No-DUs group (both P <0. 05). The positive rates of anti-SCL-70 antibody (80.00%), anti-SSA antibody (38.57%) and anti-Ro-52 antibody (22. 86% ) in SSc-DUs group were higher than those in SSc-No-DUs group (all P <0. 05) . There were no significant differences in the incidence of the lung, kidney and thyroid diseases, positive titer of anti-nuclear antibody, typing of anti-nuclear antibody, immunoglobulin and complement levels between the two groups (all P >0. 05). Conclusions The ulcers in patients with SSc-DUs are more common in the fingertips and interphalangeal joints. SSc-DUs patients are more likely to have esophageal involvement and a higher incidence of heart failure. Anti-Scl-70 antibody ( + ), anti-SSA antibody ( + ), and anti-Ro-52 antibody ( + ) may be danger signs of the development of ulcers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundChiari malformation type I with syringomyelia (CM-I-S) is a very common disease in neurosurgery. There are also various surgical methods. But it is controversial. There are few reports about children, especially the treatment of multi-segmental beaded syringomyelia. The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical effects of atlanto-occipital decompression (AOD) in the management of Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) with multi-segmental beaded syringomyelia (MSBS) in pediatric patients.MethodsThis retrospective study were pediatric patients with CM-I combined with MSBS who were treated in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2023. The patients who received the AOD treatment were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Outcomes were assessed by comparison of pre- and postoperative clinical, Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale (CCOS), the diameter and volume of the syringomyelia, morphological parameters of posterior cranial fossa (cervical spinal cord angle of medulla oblongata, CSC-MO) and complications in the enrolled children.ResultsThis study ultimately included 21 eligible pediatric patients with CM-I and MSBS. All the patients successfully completed the operation, which consists of atlanto-occipital decompression, partial resection of the posterior arch of the atlas, electrocoagulation of the cerebellar tonsil, pseudomembrane resection of the central canal orifice (latch) of the spinal cord, and artificial dura mater expansion repair. No death, no relapses, no serious neurological dysfunction and other complications. At the last follow-up, the clinical symptoms of all patients basically disappeared. The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed that the average preoperative cerebellar tonsillar hernia was 12.4 ± 4.6 mm, and the postoperative were all above the foramen magnum. The average preoperative syringomyelia volume was 11.7 ± 3.7 cm2, and the syringomyelia disappeared or significantly shrunk after operation, with the volume unable to be accurately measured. The median preoperative CSC-MO was 132.5°, and the median postoperative CSC-MO was 150°, with a significant difference. The median preoperative pain and non-pain score of CCOS was 4 and 3 respectively. The symptoms disappeared after operation, and the score was 4. Only 5 children had cerebrospinal fluid leakage.ConclusionThe AOD is safe and effective in CM-I with MSBS in pediatric patients. Pseudomembrane resection of the central canal orifice (latch) of the spinal cord is crucial for the treatment of syringomyelia.

Qin Yang,1,2 Xiao Huang,2 Yanhong Lin,1 Ke Chen,1 Qinghua Lu,1 Weinan Lin,1 Xing Wang,2 Yishu Teng,3 Peng Jiang,3 Sandip Patil,3 Yuejie Zheng1 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Sleep Centre, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Haematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Sandip Patil, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +85-755-82008283, Email sandippatil1309@yahoo.com Yuejie Zheng, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China, Email shine1990@sina.comBackground: Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a multifaceted disorder marked by recurrent upper airway obstruction during sleep, often coexisting with various medical conditions. This study, aimed to comprehensively analyze the Multifaceted Landscape of Pediatric Insights into Prevalence, Severity, and Coexisting Conditions. With a sample of 1928 participants, our study sought to determine the prevalence, severity, and associations between OSA and diverse conditions.Methods: Conducted retrospectively from February 2019 to April 2023, the study included pediatric patients. Data were collected through electronic health records, involving clinical assessments, medical histories, and diagnostic tests to establish OSA and coexisting condition diagnoses. Relationships between sleep parameters, apnea types, and severity indices were evaluated.Results: High OSA prevalence was evident across age groups, with severity peaking between 3 to 12 years. Among the participants, coexisting conditions included allergic rhinitis (59.6%), tonsillar hypertrophy (49.7%), adenoid hypertrophy (28.4%), and obesity (15.3%). Analysis revealed intriguing relationships between different sleep parameters and apnea types. Notable associations were observed between Obstructive Apnea (OA) and Central Apnea (CA), and Mixed Apnea (MA) displayed associations with both OA and CA. Hypopnea correlated directly with the Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI), reflecting its role in OSA severity.Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the intricate dynamics between pediatric OSA and coexisting conditions. The prevalence of OSA and its coexistence with various conditions underscore the need for comprehensive evaluation and management strategies. By revealing associations between different sleep parameters and apnea types, the study emphasizes the complexity of OSA diagnosis and management. These findings hold the potential to enhance clinical approaches, ultimately leading to improved care and outcomes for affected children.Keywords: pediatric obstructive sleep apnea, coexisting conditions, prevalence, severity, relationships, sleep parameters, management, clinical analysis, comprehensive evaluation, outcomes

Abstract Objective The clinical characteristics of hospitalized children with acute poisoning were analyzed to provide a reference for preventing poisoning and seeking effective prevention and treatment. Methods The clinical data of 112 children with acute poisoning admitted to Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2021, were collected and analyzed from different perspectives. Results The majority of acute poisoning cases that occurred in children were in early childhood and preschool age (89 cases, accounting for 79.4%). The most common types of poisoning were pesticide poisoning and drug poisoning, and the main ways of poisoning were accidental administration via the digestive tract and accidental ingestion. Poisoning occurred slightly more in spring and summer all year round, and most children had a good prognosis after timely treatment. Conclusion Acute poisoning often occurs in children. Parental education and intensified child supervision are needed to prevent the incidence of unintentional poisoning.

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features and treatment options for pediatric adrenal incidentalomas(AIs) to guide the diagnosis and treatment of these tumors. Methods The clinical data of AI patients admitted to our hospital between December 2016 and December 2022 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. All patients were divided into neonatal and nonneonatal groups according to their age at the time of the initial consultation. Results In the neonatal group, 13 patients were observed and followed up, and the masses completely disappeared in 8 patients and were significantly reduced in size in 5 patients compared with the previous findings. Four patients ultimately underwent surgery, and the postoperative pathological diagnosis was neuroblastoma in three patients and teratoma in one patient. In the nonneonatal group, there were 18 cases of benign tumors, including 9 cases of ganglioneuroma, 2 cases of adrenocortical adenoma, 2 cases of adrenal cyst, 2 cases of teratoma, 1 case of pheochromocytoma, 1 case of nerve sheath tumor, and 1 case of adrenal hemorrhage; and 20 cases of malignant tumors, including 10 cases of neuroblastoma, 9 cases of ganglioneuroblastoma, and 1 case of adrenocortical carcinoma. Conclusions Neuroblastoma is the most common type of nonneonatal AI, and detailed laboratory investigations and imaging studies are recommended for aggressive evaluation and treatment in this population. The rate of spontaneous regression of AI is high in neonates, and close observation is feasible if the tumor is small, confined to the adrenal gland and has no distant metastasis.

Objective: The clinical characteristics of hospitalized children with acute poisoning were analyzed to provide a reference for preventing poisoning and seeking effective prevention and treatment. Methods: The clinical data of 112 children with acute poisoning admitted to Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2021, were collected and analyzed from different perspectives. Results: The majority of acute poisoning cases that occurred in children were in early childhood and preschool age (89 cases, accounting for 79.4%). The most common types of poisoning were pesticide poisoning and drug poisoning, and the main ways of poisoning were accidental administration via the digestive tract and accidental ingestion. Poisoning occurred slightly more in spring and summer all year round, and most children had a good prognosis after timely treatment. Conclusion: Acute poisoning often occurs in children. Parental education and intensified child supervision are needed to prevent the incidence of unintentional poisoning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features and treatment options for pediatric adrenal incidentalomas(AIs) to guide the diagnosis and treatment of these tumors. Methods: The clinical data of AI patients admitted to our hospital between December 2016 and December 2022 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. All patients were divided into neonatal and nonneonatal groups according to their age at the time of the initial consultation. Results: In the neonatal group, 13 patients were observed and followed up, and the masses completely disappeared in 8 patients and were significantly reduced in size in 5 patients compared with the previous findings. Four patients ultimately underwent surgery, and the postoperative pathological diagnosis was neuroblastoma in three patients and teratoma in one patient. In the nonneonatal group, there were 18 cases of benign tumors, including 9 cases of ganglioneuroma, 2 cases of adrenocortical adenoma, 2 cases of adrenal cyst, 2 cases of teratoma, 1 case of pheochromocytoma, 1 case of nerve sheath tumor, and 1 case of adrenal hemorrhage; and 20 cases of malignant tumors, including 10 cases of neuroblastoma, 9 cases of ganglioneuroblastoma, and 1 case of adrenocortical carcinoma. Conclusions: Neuroblastoma is the most common type of nonneonatal AI, and detailed laboratory investigations and imaging studies are recommended for aggressive evaluation and treatment in this population. The rate of spontaneous regression of AI is high in neonates, and close observation is feasible if the tumor is small, confined to the adrenal gland and has no distant metastasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by skin or osteoarticular damage. SAPHO syndrome is often misdiagnosed or missed diagnosis due to lack of overall understanding of the disease by clinicians. Purpose: To analyze the clinical symptoms and imaging features of six Han patients with SAPHO syndrome in order to provide reference for doctors to diagnose SAPHO syndrome. Material and Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of six Han patients with SAPHO syndrome. Results: All six Han patients with SAPHO syndrome had severe acne or pustulosis of the hands and feet, and all of them had osteoarticular damage, including five cases involving the sternoclavicular joint. Some patients showed a specific and typical "bull's head" sign on 99mTc-labeled methylene diphosphonate bone imaging. Among the six patients recruited, there was one thoracic vertebra, one cervical vertebra, one sacroiliac joint, and one peripheral joint involvement. Two patients had limited activity due to severe osteoarticular damage. Conclusion: Due to the atypical clinical symptoms of SAPHO syndrome, most patients will experience a tortuous and long diagnostic process, while a correct understanding and timely intervention of SAPHO syndrome are essential to improve the prognosis of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Clinical metaproteomics has the potential to offer insights into the host-microbiome interactions underlying diseases. However, the field faces challenges in characterizing microbial proteins found in clinical samples, usually present at low abundance relative to the host proteins. As a solution, we have developed an integrated workflow coupling mass spectrometry-based analysis with customized bioinformatic identification, quantification, and prioritization of microbial proteins, enabling targeted assay development to investigate host-microbe dynamics in disease. The bioinformatics tools are implemented in the Galaxy ecosystem, offering the development and dissemination of complex bioinformatic workflows. The modular workflow integrates MetaNovo (to generate a reduced protein database), SearchGUI/PeptideShaker and MaxQuant [to generate peptide-spectral matches (PSMs) and quantification], PepQuery2 (to verify the quality of PSMs), Unipept (for taxonomic and functional annotation), and MSstatsTMT (for statistical analysis). We have utilized this workflow in diverse clinical samples, from the characterization of nasopharyngeal swab samples to bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Here, we demonstrate its effectiveness via analysis of residual fluid from cervical swabs. The complete workflow, including training data and documentation, is available via the Galaxy Training Network, empowering non-expert researchers to utilize these powerful tools in their clinical studies.IMPORTANCEClinical metaproteomics has immense potential to offer functional insights into the microbiome and its contributions to human disease. However, there are numerous challenges in the metaproteomic analysis of clinical samples, including handling of very large protein sequence databases for sensitive and accurate peptide and protein identification from mass spectrometry data, as well as taxonomic and functional annotation of quantified peptides and proteins to enable interpretation of results. To address these challenges, we have developed a novel clinical metaproteomics workflow that provides customized bioinformatic identification, verification, quantification, and taxonomic and functional annotation. This bioinformatic workflow is implemented in the Galaxy ecosystem and has been used to characterize diverse clinical sample types, such as nasopharyngeal swabs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Here, we demonstrate its effectiveness and availability for use by the research community via analysis of residual fluid from cervical swabs.

PurposeThis study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics and evaluate the different types of thyroid dysfunction in babies with neonatal hyperthyroidism.MethodsThe clinical data of 19 neonates with hyperthyroidism admitted to the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between January 2012 and April 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsFifteen (78.9%) infants were born to mothers with Graves’ disease. Eleven (57.9%) infants were premature; two babies were born at small for gestational age. The age at diagnosis ranged from 3 to 34 days, with a mean of 18.53 ± 6.85 days. The majority of the babies presented with goiter (84.2%) and tachycardia (94.7%) after birth. Nine (47.4%) of them presented with abnormal weight gain, seven (36.8%) presented with stare or ocular protrusion, six (31.6%) presented with hyperexcitability, four (21.1%) presented with jaundice and liver dysfunction, two (10.5%) presented with sweating, one (5.3%) presented with fever, and one case presented without any symptoms. Transient hyperthyroidism was the main thyroid dysfunction in our study. Overt hyperthyroidism was diagnosed in 13 (68.4%) neonates. Another three babies (15.8%) presented with hyperthyroidism with slightly elevated free triiodothyronine levels, normal thyroxine (T4) levels, and low thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. Normal thyroid hormone levels with low TSH levels were observed in three (15.8%) neonates. Ten children were treated with antithyroid drugs. Eighteen children recovered normal thyroid function at 1–3 months of age; one baby in the study group required further levothyroxine supplementation due to primary hypothyroidism (HT). One child was found to have developmental delay at 2 years of age during follow-up.ConclusionsOur study highlights the need for prolonged monitoring of thyroid function in suspected patients. A single normal screening for hyperthyroidism or the absence of a maternal history of hyperthyroidism cannot exclude this disease.

BackgroundThe clinical similarity of lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei (LMDF) and other papular granulomatous facial disorders often makes its correct diagnosis challenging. Diagnosis often requires the assistance of pathological examination, and dermoscopy can be used as an auxiliary and non-invasive examination method, however, the current findings remain incomplete.ObjectivesThis study aimed to summarize the clinical, histopathological and dermoscopic features of LMDF in the Chinese Han population and aiming to provide practical significance to correct diagnosis.Methods109 patients of LMDF were collected in the Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University from August 2015 to August 2023. The clinical and histopathological manifestations of all patients, as well as the dermoscopic image features of 44 cases, including background, follicular findings, vessels, and other structures, were summarized and evaluated.ResultsThe most significant histopathological features of LMDF in 109 cases is epithelioid granulomatous infiltrate in the superficial dermis, with or without caseation. The most significant dermoscopic features of LMDF in all 44 cases were orange structureless background (30/44), follicular plug (32/44), follicular white scar-like area (32/44), unspecific linear vessels (24/44), linear vessels with branch (24/44) and white streaks (18/44).ConclusionHistopathologically, LMDF is characterized by the presence of epithelioid granulomatous infiltrate in the superficial dermis, with or without caseation. Dermoscopically, it exhibits a distinctive orange structureless background, follicular plug, follicular white scar-like area, nonspecific linear vessels, linear vessels with branches, and white streaks.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women. It represents a public health problem that must be addressed through the early detection of specific biomarkers and effective treatment. To address this critical issue, it is imperative to implement effective methodologies for specific biomarker detection of lung cancer in real clinical samples. Electrochemical methods, including microfluidic devices and biosensors, can obtain robust results that reduce time, cost, and assay complexity. This comprehensive review will explore specific studies, methodologies, and detection limits and contribute to the depth of the discussion, making it a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians interested in lung cancer diagnosis.

Background: This is a retrospective study of patients who underwent either outpatient department (OPD) clinic or operation theater (OT) procedures between January 2018 and December 2022. The study aims to analyze 5 years of data on the types of procedures performed in a tertiary care hospital in Central India. As the type of procedure is an indirect marker of the pattern of underlying diseases, the study will also determine the impact of COVID-19 waves on the variation of ear, nose, and throat (ENT) subsites involved. The four subsites defined were ear, nose, transoral oral cavity, and neck. Data were obtained from the medical records department, OT register, and OPD procedure register. Results: During this 5-year study period, 15,592 OPD clinic procedures and 3,202 OT complex procedures were performed. Among yearly OPD procedures, videolaryngoscopy (VLS) was common in the years 2018 and 2019, ear examination under microscope (EUM) was common in the year 2020, and diagnostic nasal endoscopy (DNE) was common in the years 2021 and 2022. In totality, the common OPD procedure performed was DNE (5,470) followed by VLS (3,968), EUM (3,368), clinical vertigo evaluation (1,018), and videonystagmography (VNG) (561). In 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2022, the common subsite for surgery was an ear, followed by the nose, transoral and oral cavity, and neck. However, in 2021, nasal surgeries predominated, followed by transoral and ear surgeries. In 5 years, tympanoplasty was the most common individual surgical procedure performed. Conclusion: In 2021, diagnostic nasal endoscopies and nasal surgeries predominated. This documents the unprecedented surge in cases of post-COVID-19 sinonasal mucormycosis. The data on OPD and surgical procedures in 2022 is comparable to pre-COVID-19 data for the years 2018-2019. This documents that we are presently having a similar disease scenario to pre-COVID-19 times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Right ventricular involvement in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is uncommon. This study aimed to evaluate clinical outcomes of the modified septal myectomy in patients diagnosed with biventricular hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (BHCM), a subject seldom explored in the literature. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study from January 2019 to January 2023, enrolling 12 patients with BHCM. Each patient underwent a modified septal myectomy and was followed postoperatively. Clinical data and echocardiographic parameters, including the ventricular outflow tract peak pressure gradient and maximum interventricular septum thickness, were collected and analyzed. Results: The study cohort had a median age of 43.0 (interquartile range 14.5-63.0) years at surgery, with four patients (33.3%) being children. Two patients (16.7%) previously underwent percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation. Surgical relief of biventricular outflow tract obstruction (BVOTO) was achieved in five patients (41.7%), aside from those managed solely for left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. In five instances, three-dimensional (3D) printing technology assisted in surgical planning. The postoperative interventricular septum thickness was significantly reduced (21.0 mm preoperative vs. 14.5 mm postoperative, p < 0.001), effectively eliminating residual ventricular outflow tract obstruction. There were no severe complications, such as septal perforation or third-degree atrioventricular block. During a mean follow up of 21.2 ± 15.3 months, no sudden deaths, residual outflow tract obstruction, permanent pacemaker implantation, recurrent systolic anterior motion, or reoperations were reported. Conclusions: Our findings affirm that the modified septal myectomy remains the gold standard treatment for BHCM, improving patient symptoms and quality of life. BVOTO relief can be safely and effectively achieved through septal myectomy via transaortic and pulmonary valve approaches in selected patients. For intricate cases, the application of 3D printing technology as a preoperative planning tool is advised to optimize surgical precision and safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Lear's macaw, Anodorhynchus leari (Psittaciformes, Psittacidae), is an endemic species of the Caatinga region in Brazil. With only a few free‐living individuals that are constantly under threat from agricultural clearance, hunting, and trapping, A. leari is classified as "endangered" by the Red Book of Endangered Brazilian Fauna and by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. At the same time, the number of individuals in captivity has been growing due to the efforts of biologists and veterinarians in zoological parks to reproduce this species. Thus, having species‐specific reference intervals for hematologic and biochemical measurands is essential to assess the health status of these captive and wild birds and guarantee their reproductive success. Objectives: This study aimed to determine reference intervals for hematologic and biochemical measurands for A. leari kept in captivity in São Paulo Zoo, Brazil. Methods: Blood samples from 32 individuals were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Only samples from adults and healthy individuals were included in this study. All statistical analyses were performed according to the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology guidelines and available literature. Results: Reference values and reference intervals were determined for the captive population of Anodorhynchus leari. Conclusions: This is the first study to establish reference intervals for A. leari, which can aid the veterinarian in the interpretation of laboratory test results, helping in the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of diseases of this endangered species of Brazilian fauna. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate specific clinical diagnostic methods for children with infectious mononucleosis (IM) complicated by acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of 171 cases of IM diagnosed in the infectious disease ward of Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between January 2020 and December 2020. All IM patients underwent abdominal ultrasound examinations to assess the liver, gallbladder, and spleen. Fourteen patients with symptoms of AAC underwent a follow-up assessment one week later.ResultsThe estimated incidence of AAC in hospitalized IM children was 8.2%. Both groups of patients presented with fever, abdominal pain, and eyelid edema upon admission. Characteristic radiological findings of AAC were observed, including gallbladder (GB) distention, increased GB wall thickness and increased common bile duct diameter. Analysis of laboratory results revealed no statistically significant differences in leukocyte, absolute lymphocyte count, CD3+, CD3 + CD4+, CD3+ CD8+, Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), or Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) levels between the AAC(+) and AAC(−) groups on admission. However, these parameters were not significant risk factors for AAC. After discharge, relevant indicators in non-AAC patients gradually decreased to normal levels, while those in AAC(+) patients did not show a significant decrease.ConclusionWhile cases of IM complicated by AAC are relatively uncommon, the utilization of abdominal ultrasound offers a reliable tool for confirming this diagnosis. Routine abdominal ultrasound examinations are recommended for IM patients to improve early detection and treatment of associated conditions.

Aim. To evaluate the efficacy of endovideoscopic urethra-sparing simple prostatectomy via an extraperitoneal approach (EUSP) for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Materials and methods. In the period from January 2021 until September 2022 8 patients underwent EUSP. Initial clinical datas, perioperative and postoperative outcomes, implications, IPSS questionnaires, IIEF-5 and ejaculatory datas have been evaluated. The technique of the present method was adopted from Ping Wang, Dan Xia, SunYi Ye, DeBo Kong, Jie Qin, TaiLe Jing, YeQing Mao, HongZhou Meng, Shuo Wang (2018). Results. Seven (87.5%) patients underwent EUSP successfully, 1 (12.5%) patient needed conversion into open simple prostatectomy. Mean time of operation was 171 minutes (150–185), mean blood loss was 232 ml (180–300). In 2 (25%) cases urethral reconstruction after damage was needed. Mean catheterization time was 1.5 days (1–4). According to Clavien–Dindo classification (2004) such complications were found: low degree – 2 (1 or 2 group), 3а group – 1 (severe hematuria, when bladder infusion is needed). Mean management time was 8.4 months (6–11). Results from post-operative questionnaire IPSS (p0.1) и QoL (p0.1) significantly improved. Totally 4 patients had secure erectile function: 3 of them had normal erection, the last one (1) – retrograde ejaculation. Conclusion. EUSP is technically applicable for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Patients have shorter time of catheterization, risk profile, significant improvement of urination и support of antegrade ejaculation.

Abstract Trephine bone marrow biopsy is an effective technique for diagnosing hematological malignancies in patients of different ages. During trephine biopsy, bone marrow cores are obtained for detailed morphological evaluation to look for any abnormality and arrive at a diagnosis. The primary goal of this work is to perform a survey on Indian patients of various ages for the trephine bone marrow biopsy process. In the present study, data related to 274 trephine biopsy samples from 300 patients were acquired at the Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER) in Chandigarh, India. Pain was found to be the sole major procedure-related complication, and patients reported no/less pain in 41 BMB (14.96%) patients, moderate pain in 82 (29.92%) cases, and unbearable pain in 151 (55.1%) BMB cases. In addition, the patients were evaluated by the authors and hematologist as non-anxious for the procedure in 34 (12.4%), anxious in 92 (33.57%), and very/highly anxious in 148 (56%) cases. The bone texture of the patients significantly affected the needle bending, number of repetitions required, and size of the bone marrow sample. This demonstrates the need for improvement in the biopsy procedure. To this end, a survey was conducted to assess the numerous difficulties and diagnostic outcomes throughout the trephine biopsy process.

At the turn of the millennium, the monolithic columns invoked new chances in HPLC. Even more than their organic polymer‐based siblings, the inorganic silica‐based monoliths targeted the territory of classical fully porous particle‐packed columns, promising many benefits. Based on the number of published articles, the monoliths attracted academics just in the first few years after their introduction to the market. Lately, as superficially porous particles and sub‐2‐micron fully porous particles dominated the market, they stayed in the focus of routine laboratories and those who really appreciated the high porosity of the monolithic bed. The monoliths' practical benefits cannot be easily traced in the literature when they gradually lose academics' interest. Nevertheless, after more than 20 years of our experience, we still favor silica monoliths for their low back pressure and longevity when analyzing samples of clinical, pharmaceutical, and environmental origin. At the same time, the high permeability of monoliths enabled the birth of sequential injection chromatography, the medium‐pressure separation technique based on the flexible flow manifold. This minireview aims to check, discuss, and summarize the practical aspects of monolithic silica columns in HPLC and medium‐pressure sequential injection chromatography (SIC) that may not be visible at first sight but are evident retrospectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB (MPS IIIB), also known as Sanfilippo syndrome type B, is a metabolic disease caused by mutations in both alleles of the NAGLU gene encoding for the enzyme α-N-acetylglucosaminidase. A malfunction of this enzyme causes inability to degrade heparan sulfate, which leads to accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in the cells. MPS IIIB is associated with different symptoms such as neurodegeneration, extreme hyperactivity, sleeping problems, aggressive behavior, reduced fear, and cognitive deterioration. The condition is by now not curable. Here we describe a patient with MPS IIIB diagnosed at the age of 5 presenting with communication problems, motor dysfunctions, and speech and sleeping problems.Standard biochemical tests for neurodegenerative disorders and DNA analyses including NAGLU mutation screening were performed. We also did some psychological tests assessing the patient’s communication skills and behavior. The patient was heterozygote for two mutations in the gene NAGLU (Y140C and Ser169fs). Thus, he suffered from MPS IIIB due to two mutations in the disease-causing gene.The patient presented with clear signs and symptoms of MPS IIIB with at least one of the two mutations affecting the α-N-acetylglucosaminidase protein function severely. Here we report the combination of a well-known and previously unreported mutation in the NAGLU gene; this could be dependent on geographical origin of the patient, which needs to be clarified by molecular studies of more MPS IIIB patients from Southeast Europe.

Aim. To estimate the efficacy of endovideoscopic simple prostatectomy via extraperitoneal research as treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Materials and methods. In the period since January 2021 until May 2022 45 males with prostatic volume 60 g have underwent extraperitoneal endovideoscopic retropubic prostatectomy was. Endovideoscopic research consisted of standard technical steps: the creation of preperitoneal workspace, hemostasis control in the area of lateral peduncles and dorsal venous complex, anterior transverse incision of prostatic capsule, simple prostatectomy and organ extraction. Results. Mean weight of resected prostatic tissue was 79.3±17.4 g. Mean operation time was 104.3±25.4 min. No conversion into open prostatectomy was needed. Blood transfusion was provided in 3 patients. After 6 months 40 patients demonstrated decrease of mean IPSS (International Prostate Symptom Score) from 25.5±2.4 to 6.2±2.1, increase of Qmax from 6.1±2.8 to 18.7±3.4 ml/s. No patients had urinary incontinence. Conclusion. Endovideoscopic retropubic simple prostatectomy via extraperitoneal research (Millin’s method) is workable and technically simple surgical method.

The present work proposes the development of a simple and easy-to-make microfluidic paper-based analytical device (µPAD) as a prototype chromatic device for the simultaneous determination of copper and zinc in urine. The µPAD comprises a main circular sampling zone with two identical arms, each containing a circular pretreatment zone and a circular detection zone. Copper(II) and zinc(II) react with 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) reagent, at pH 6.0 and room temperature, to form chelates colored red and pink, respectively, that can be quantified by digital imaging analysis. The colorimetric reaction sensitivity significantly improved by coating the paper substrate surface with 5% 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and applying three successive additions of standard or sample onto the sampling zone, without any prior sample preparation step. These combined analytical strategies increased the color intensity of the metal chelates formed on µPAD surface, allowing to detect the desired elements at trace level concentrations. The reaction interferences associated with the presence of foreign elements were eliminated or reduced through the addition of masking agents at different concentrations for each case. Under optimized conditions, excellent linear relationships were obtained in the range 0.1−10 µg mL−1, with determination coefficients (R2) greater than 0.9957. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), respectively, were 27.1 µg L−1 and 90.3 µg L−1 for copper and 35.9 µg L−1 and 119.7 µg L−1 for zinc. The developed prototype device was validated by analyzing urine certified material samples, obtaining a good concordance without significant difference between the certified values and the measured values. Its application for clinical analysis offers simple, quick, cheap, noninvasive, and environmentally friendly measurements, which are desirable analytical features for point-of-care testing.

Objective: To summarise 71 cases of cutaneous sporotrichosis in Zhejiang over the past 9 years and analyse clinical and epidemiological characteristics. Methods: This was a retrospective review of patients with cutaneous sporotrichosis attending the Department of Dermatology of the Hangzhou Third People's Hospital between 2013 and 2022. Results: The male‐to‐female ratio was 1.15:1 among the 71 patients, with a mean age of 55.90 years (±2.02) and an age range of 3 to 94 years. The disease duration was unknown for 17 patients. The intermediate course for the remaining 54 patients lasted 11.90 months, ranging from 1 to 120 months. Thirty‐four patients were involved in mixed occupations, 28 were farmers, 4 were housewives, 3 were manufacturing workers, and 2 were carpenters; 23.95% of cases had a history of trauma. The most common clinical manifestation was fixed cutaneous (69.01%), followed by lymphocutaneous (29.58%) and disseminated cutaneous (1.41%). There were 72 affected sites; the upper limbs (69.44%) were affected the most, followed by the face (16.67%) and lower limbs (12.50%). Forty‐nine patients showed open lesions (69.01%), 15 showed mixed lesions (21.13%), and seven showed closed lesions (9.86%). Seventy‐one patients were confirmed by biopsied tissue or tissue fluid culture. Forty‐four patients underwent direct microscopy; of these, 18 (40.91%) were positive and 26 were negative. Molecular analysis confirmed that all fungal strains were Sporothrix globosa. Fifty‐nine patients underwent histopathological examination, of whom 18 (18.64%) were positive for periodic acid‐Schiff (PAS) staining. Eighteen patients were lost to follow‐up; the remaining patients were cured. Conclusions: Consistent with the epidemiological situation of sporotrichosis in other areas of China, S. globosa is the primary pathogen in the Zhejiang province. The primary clinical form of sporotrichosis is fixed cutaneous. Susceptible subjects are mainly middle‐aged and elderly rural populations, and males are affected more than females. Patients with cutaneous sporotrichosis do not commonly have a history of obvious trauma. Direct microscopy is important for the diagnosis of sporotrichosis, and itraconazole is a safe and effective treatment option. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and influencing factors of programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody rechallenge therapy in advanced gastric cancer (GC). Methods The clinical data of patients with advanced GC who were treated with anti-PD-1 rechallenge in Henan Cancer Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were collected retrospectively. The progression-free survival (PFS) was defined as the time from the first or second used of anti-PD-1 treatment to the date of disease progression or the last follow-up, named PFS1 and PFS2, respectively. Kaplan-Meier method and Log rank test were used for survival analysis, Cox proportional hazard model was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results A total of 60 patients with anti-PD-1 rechallenge therapy were collected, the median follow-up time was 12.2 months. The median progression-free survival (PFS2) of anti-PD-1 rechallenge therapy was 2.9 months, the objective response rate (ORR) was 16.7%, and the disease control rate (DCR) was 55.0%. The median PFS2 of the first and second anti-PD-1 identical and different rechallenge treatment was 3.5 months and 1.9 months (P=0.007) respectively. The median PFS2 of positive PD-L1 expression in rechallenge therapy was 3.4 months, ORR was 22.7%, and DCR was 63.6%; the median PFS2 was 4.5 months, ORR was 27.3%, and DCR was 54.5% in patients with median PFS1≥6 months. Multivariate analysis showed that peritoneal metastasis was independently associated with anti-PD-1 rechallenge therapy with PFS2 (HR=2.327, 95% CI, 1.066-5.082, P=0.034). The incidence of adverse reactions in grade 1-2 and grade 3-4 of anti-PD-1 rechallenge therapy was 83.3%, and 35.0%, respectively, and the safety was controllable. Conclusion Rechallenge therapy with anti-PD-1 is a feasible treatment in advanced GC, but the screening of suitable population for rechallenge therapy still needs prospective data analysis and verification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dermatology, as a highly intuitive clinical discipline, requires dermatologists to apply their own knowledge and clinical experience to make a reasonable diagnosis for various skin diseases. However, the diagnosis results are largely affected by the subjective consciousness of dermatologists, and there is a certain misdiagnosis rate, especially in areas with low medical levels. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more accurate, objective, and efficient auxiliary diagnostic tools to improve the diagnostic level of skin diseases. Facing an increasing number of patients and higher requirements for accurate diagnosis of diseases, Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has attracted considerable attention in the field of dermatology. As a nonorganism, the computer is not affected by subjective consciousness, emotion, fatigue, and other factors in the recognition process. It helps to improve the efficiency of diagnosis and assists human doctors to provide objective and accurate diagnosis results. This paper systematically summarizes the research progress of AI in the diagnosis and application of skin cancers, acne, rosacea, onychomycosis, psoriasis, vitiligo, atopic dermatitis, and eczema diseases at home and abroad in recent years, hoping to help dermatologists have a deeper understanding of AI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The utilization of electrochemical detection techniques in paper-based analytical devices (PADs) has revolutionized point-of-care (POC) testing, enabling the precise and discerning measurement of a diverse array of (bio)chemical analytes. The application of electrochemical sensing and paper as a suitable substrate for point-of-care testing platforms has led to the emergence of electrochemical paper-based analytical devices (ePADs). The inherent advantages of these modified paper-based analytical devices have gained significant recognition in the POC field. In response, electrochemical biosensors assembled from paper-based materials have shown great promise for enhancing sensitivity and improving their range of use. In addition, paper-based platforms have numerous advantageous characteristics, including the self-sufficient conveyance of liquids, reduced resistance, minimal fabrication cost, and environmental friendliness. This study seeks to provide a concise summary of the present state and uses of ePADs with insightful commentary on their practicality in the field. Future developments in ePADs biosensors include developing novel paper-based systems, improving system performance with a novel biocatalyst, and combining the biosensor system with other cutting-edge tools such as machine learning and 3D printing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trephine bone marrow biopsy is an effective technique for diagnosing hematological malignancies in patients of different ages. During trephine biopsy, bone marrow cores are obtained for detailed morphological evaluation to look for any abnormality and arrive at a diagnosis. The primary goal of this work is to perform a survey on Indian patients of various ages for the trephine bone marrow biopsy process. In the present study, data related to 274 trephine biopsy samples from 300 patients were acquired at the Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER) in Chandigarh, India. Pain was found to be the sole major procedure-related complication, and patients reported no/less pain in 41 BMB (14.96%) patients, moderate pain in 82 (29.92%) cases, and unbearable pain in 151 (55.1%) BMB cases. In addition, the patients were evaluated by the authors and hematologist as non-anxious for the procedure in 34 (12.4%), anxious in 92 (33.57%), and very/highly anxious in 148 (56%) cases. The bone texture of the patients significantly affected the needle bending, number of repetitions required, and size of the bone marrow sample. This demonstrates the need for improvement in the biopsy procedure. To this end, a survey was conducted to assess the numerous difficulties and diagnostic outcomes throughout the trephine biopsy process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Dengue is a mosquito vector-borne disease caused by the dengue virus, which affects 125 million people globally. The disease causes considerable morbidity. The disease, based on symptoms, is classified into three characteristic phases, which can further lead to complications in the second phase. Molecular signatures that are associated with the three phases have not been well characterized. We performed an integrated clinical and metabolomic analysis of our patient cohort and compared it with omics data from the literature to identify signatures unique to the different phases. Methods: The dengue patients are recruited by clinicians after standard-of-care diagnostic tests and evaluation of symptoms. Blood from the patients was collected. NS1 antigen, IgM, IgG antibodies, and cytokines in serum were analyzed using ELISA. Targeted metabolomics was performed using LC–MS triple quad. The results were compared with analyzed transcriptomic data from the GEO database and metabolomic data sets from the literature. Results: The dengue patients displayed characteristic features of the disease, including elevated NS1 levels. TNF-α was found to be elevated in all three phases compared to healthy controls. The metabolic pathways were found to be deregulated compared to healthy controls only in phases I and II of dengue patients. The pathways represent viral replication and host response mediated pathways. The major pathways include nucleotide metabolism of various amino acids and fatty acids, biotin, etc. Conclusion: The results show elevated TNF-α and metabolites that are characteristic of viral infection and host response. IL10 and IFN-γ were not significant, consistent with the absence of any complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Clinical neurology is difficult for young residents. To familiarize with neurological emergencies as soon as possible for young doctors, the urgent inpatient neurologic consultations were analyzed. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on the urgent inpatient neurologic consultations in a large tertiary hospital for 4 consecutive years. Results: A total of 1437 cases were included, and the annual consultation cases gradually decreased from 573 to 257, involving 29 clinical departments. The disorders of urgent inpatient neurologic consultations were divided into three categories: neurological disorders (77.8%), non‐neurological disorders (10.4%), and undiagnosed disorders (11.8%), common causes in consultation were disturbance of consciousness (36.0%), convulsions/stiffness (13.6%), limb weakness (8%), and mental disorder (5.6%). Common neurological disorders included acute cerebrovascular disease (33.6%), epilepsy/status epilepticus (15.8%), and metabolic or infectious toxic encephalopathy (14.9%). Conclusion: Urgent inpatient neurologic consultations involve multidisciplinary critical diseases, mainly neurological diseases. The standardized training of residents may help to rapidly improve the comprehensive diagnosis and treatment ability of young residents and is suitable for use in hospitals at all levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dermatology, as a highly intuitive clinical discipline, requires dermatologists to apply their own knowledge and clinical experience to make a reasonable diagnosis for various skin diseases. However, the diagnosis results are largely affected by the subjective consciousness of dermatologists, and there is a certain misdiagnosis rate, especially in areas with low medical levels. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more accurate, objective, and efficient auxiliary diagnostic tools to improve the diagnostic level of skin diseases. Facing an increasing number of patients and higher requirements for accurate diagnosis of diseases, Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has attracted considerable attention in the field of dermatology. As a nonorganism, the computer is not affected by subjective consciousness, emotion, fatigue, and other factors in the recognition process. It helps to improve the efficiency of diagnosis and assists human doctors to provide objective and accurate diagnosis results. This paper systematically summarizes the research progress of AI in the diagnosis and application of skin cancers, acne, rosacea, onychomycosis, psoriasis, vitiligo, atopic dermatitis, and eczema diseases at home and abroad in recent years, hoping to help dermatologists have a deeper understanding of AI.

Objective To study the clinical characteristics of dental trauma and provide data support for clinical work and health education, the clinical data of patients in the Guangzhou area were reviewed. Methods The clinical data of patients attending the general Emergency Department of Stomatological Hospital of Southern Medical University from January 2017 to January 2022 were analyzed according to gender, age, trauma cause, trauma type, tooth position and trauma duration, and postoperative time of trauma. Results The ratio of males to females was 1.07:1, and the ratio of patients aged 10-19 years was 2.76:1. Falls and collisions were the main causes of the trauma. Concussion and uncomplicated crown fracture were the most frequent subcategories of dental trauma. For tooth position, the upper maxillary middle incisors had the highest rate of trauma, followed by the maxillary lateral incisors. January and December were the two months with the highest incidence of trauma, while the rate of dental trauma on weekends was slightly higher than on weekdays, and 77.81% of patients visited within 24 h after the trauma. Conclusion Dental trauma commonly occurs in the adolescent maxillary incisors, and crown fracture and concussion are the main types of injury. The major causes are falls and collisions. The general population should pay more attention to strengthening the protection of teeth during outdoor activities and learn emergency dental treatment methods. At the same time, dentists should be more skilled in the treatment of dental trauma, and uncommon types of dental trauma should be given more attention to avoid poor outcomes.

Injection of piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium can be used for systemic and/or local infections, including soft tissue infection, bacterial septicemia, bone and joint infection, multiple bacterial infection （various bacterial infections in suspected infection sites）. As a commonly used anti-inflammatory drug for the treatment of burns and wounds, the most common adverse reactions are skin reactions, gastrointestinal symptoms and anaphylaxis. However, central nervous system symptoms, such as convulsion or numbness, are extremely rare. In this article, clinical data were retrospectively analyzed and literature review was performed. The diagnosis and treatment of one case of systemic muscle tremor and numbness induced by injection of piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium were reported, aiming to captivate the attention of clinicians, deepen the understanding of adverse reactions induced by this kind of drugs, reduce the incidence of adverse outcomes.

Background: In this article on giant cell tumor of tendon sheath (GCTTS), we intend to summarize and analyze the clinical and pathological features of GCTTS hoping to improve clinical management and patient treatment. Methods: The study retrospectively reviewed 216 patients of GCTTS, registered at the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from January 2010 to December 2020. These cases were diagnosed by surgical excision. The clinicopathological features and the prognosis were reviewed in the light of the current literature. Results: Of these 216 GCTTS patients, 72 were males (33.3%) and 144 females (66.7%), with a ratio male‐to‐female of 1:2. The patients' age ranged from 5 to 82, the average being 41.5 years at diagnosis. A total of 96 cases (44.4%) occurred in the hand region, followed by 35 cases (16.2%) in the knee, 32 cases (14.8%) in the foot, 25 cases (11.6%) in the ankle, 12 cases (5.6%) in the wrist, 12 cases (5.6%) in the leg, 2 cases (0.9%) in the head, 1 case (0.5%) in the forearm, and 1 case (0.5%) inside and outside the spinal channel. Histopathology mainly revealed large synovial‐like monocytes, small monocytes, and osteoclast‐like giant cells. Conclusion: Our results confirm that GCTTS predominantly occurs in the hands of young women. Complete surgical resection with long‐term follow‐up is the preferred management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have long been overshadowed by gold NPs' success in sensor and point-of-care (POC) applications. However, their unique physical, (electro)chemical, and optical properties make them excellently suited for such use, as long as their inherent higher instability toward oxidation is controlled. Recent advances in this field provide novel strategies that demonstrate that the AgNPs' inherent capabilities improve sensor performance and enable the specific detection of analytes at low concentrations. We provide an overview of these advances by focusing on the nanosized Ag (in the range of 1-100 nm) properties with emphasis on optical and electrochemical biosensors. Furthermore, we critically assess their potential for point-of-care sensors discussing advantages as well as limitations for each detection technique. We can conclude that, indeed, strategies using AgNP are ready for sensitive POC applications; however, research focusing on the simplification of assay procedures is direly needed for AgNPs to make the successful jump into actual applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Clinical neurology is difficult for young residents. To familiarize with neurological emergencies as soon as possible for young doctors, the urgent inpatient neurologic consultations were analyzed. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on the urgent inpatient neurologic consultations in a large tertiary hospital for 4 consecutive years. Results A total of 1437 cases were included, and the annual consultation cases gradually decreased from 573 to 257, involving 29 clinical departments. The disorders of urgent inpatient neurologic consultations were divided into three categories: neurological disorders (77.8%), non‐neurological disorders (10.4%), and undiagnosed disorders (11.8%), common causes in consultation were disturbance of consciousness (36.0%), convulsions/stiffness (13.6%), limb weakness (8%), and mental disorder (5.6%). Common neurological disorders included acute cerebrovascular disease (33.6%), epilepsy/status epilepticus (15.8%), and metabolic or infectious toxic encephalopathy (14.9%). Conclusion Urgent inpatient neurologic consultations involve multidisciplinary critical diseases, mainly neurological diseases. The standardized training of residents may help to rapidly improve the comprehensive diagnosis and treatment ability of young residents and is suitable for use in hospitals at all levels.

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia and evaluate the diagnostic value of Metagenomic Next‐Generation Sequencing (mNGS). A total of 44 patients diagnosed with Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia using mNGS were retrospectively analysed. The demographic and clinical features, laboratory data, imaging findings and clinical outcomes were collected. Results showed that 65.91% of the patients had a history of exposure to poultry or birds. All patients presented with fever. Apart from systemic and respiratory symptoms, some patients also presented with digestive and neurological symptoms. Respiratory failure was common among patients. The key laboratory tests were normal white blood cell counts, slightly elevated PCT, changes in levels of cardiac enzymes, liver enzymes and hyponatremia. Chest imaging revealed that most of the lesions contained patchy exudation or lobar consolidation of one lobe, especially in the lower lobe. Consolidation of both lungs was seen in critically ill patients. Although quinolones were effective in most patients, tetracyclines should be the first choice of treatment. The overall prognosis was good; however, patients who developed severe pneumonia had poor prognosis. The incidence of chlamydia psittaci pneumonia may be underestimated due to the nonspecific clinical manifestations and lack of confirmatory testing methods. The use of mNGS has increased the number of patients diagnosed with chlamydia psittaci pneumonia. mNGS is an effective diagnostic method for chlamydia psittaci pneumonia.

Ovarian cancer is a common gynecological malignant tumor. Effective screening methods for ovarian cancer are lacking because early symptoms and signs are not significant and the onset is elusive. The incidence of ovarian cancer complicated with ovarian abscess or malignant transformation from ovarian abscess to ovarian cancer is extremely low. The diagnosis depends on clinical laboratory examinations, pathological examination and immunohistochemical staining. Surgery is the main treatment, supplemented with chemotherapy with or without targeted therapy. Clinical efficacy is not satisfactory. In this article, medical records and related literature reviews were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of a case of ovarian adenocarcinoma complicated with ovarian abscess were reported, aiming to captivate extensive attention from clinicians, deepen the understanding of this type of disease, and provide evidence for diagnosis and treatment.

Summary: Objective: To explore the therapeutic effect of systemic administration combined with microwave ablation (MWA) under computed tomography (CT) and fiberoptic bronchoscope for treating lung cancer. Methods: Sixty-six patients with advanced lung cancer admitted to our hospital from February 2019 to February 2020 were collected and divided into control group and experimental group with 33 patients in each group. The control group was treated with systemic administration, and the experimental group was treated with systemic administration combined with MWA under CT and fiberoptic bronchoscope. Overall response rate (ORR), adverse events (AEs) during treatment, and survival analysis were used to evaluate the curative effect of lung cancer treatment in each group. Results: MWA under CT and fiberoptic bronchoscope could safely remove the cancerous tissues by point burning without destroying the adjacent normal tissues with high success rate. The ORR of the control group was 24.4%, and that of the experimental group was 63.6%, which was better than the control group. The AEs occurred during treatment in each group were of level 1 or level 2, and no serious life-threatening AEs occurred. Progression-free survival (PFS) time and overall survival (OS) time in the experimental group were both longer than those in the control group. Patients treated with MWA had a lower risk of disease progression and death than those treated with systemic administration alone. Conclusion: The treatment of lung cancer using systemic administration combined with MWA under CT and fiberoptic bronchoscope is more effective than using systemic administration alone, which can be promoted in clinical treatment.

ObjectiveTo summarize the clinical features, diagnosis and enzyme replacement therapy(ERT) of Fabry disease (FD) in children.MethodsThe clinical data, laboratory tests, genetic variations and treatment of 10 FD children diagnosed in Shandong Provincial Hospital from September 2020 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsAmong the 10 cases from 6 families, 7 patients were boys of 4 to 13 years of age, and 3 were girls of 12 to 15 years of age. There were 7 symptomatic patients, including 6 boys and 1 girl. All 7 patients presented with acral neuralgia. Five patients had little or no sweating. Five patients presented with cutaneous angiokeratoma. Two patients had abdominal pain. One patient developed joint symptoms. Four patients had corneal opacity. One patient had hearing loss; one patient had short stature. One patient had mild proteinuria and 1 patient had dysplasia of the right kidney with decreased eGFR (55.28 ml/min.1.73 m2). The left ventricular mass index was slightly elevated in 1 patient. Three patients had mild obstructive ventilatory dysfunction; a small amount of effusion in the intestinal space of the lower abdomen or mild fatty liver was found in 2 patients. Partial empty sella turcica in 1 patient. A total of 6 GLA gene variants were detected in 10 children, among which C.1059_1061delGAT (p.met353del) was a newly discovered mutation. Five children received ERT, of which 4 were treated with agalsidase beta and 1 was treated with agalsidase alpha. Only 1 patient had anaphylaxis. Lyso-GL-3 levels decreased significantly in the first 3 months of ERT initiation and remained relatively stable thereafter in 3 patients. The Lyso-GL-3 level was decreased, but renal impairment continued to progress in 1 patient treated with agalsidase alpha.ConclusionThe clinical manifestations of FD in childhood are diverse, and it is necessary to make a definite diagnosis by combining family history, enzyme activity, biomarkers, gene testing and other indicators. Pedigree screening and high-risk population screening are helpful for early identification, early diagnosis and early treatment. No serious adverse reactions were found during the short-term treatment with agalsidase alpha and beta.

Introduction and Objectives: Liver injury in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant- and Omicron subvariant-infected patients is unknown at present, and the aim of this study is to summarize liver injury in these patients. Patients and Methods: In this study, 460 SARS-CoV-2-infected patients were enrolled. Five severe or critical patients were excluded, and 34 patients were also excluded because liver injury was not considered to be related to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Liver injury was compared between Omicron and non-Omicron variantsand between Omicron subvariant-infected patients; additionally, the clinical data related to liver injury were also analyzed. Results: Among the 421 patients enrolled for analysis, liver injury was detected in 76 (18.1%) patients, including 46 Omicron and 30 non-Omicron variant-infected patients. The ratios did not differ between Omicron and non-Omicron variant-, Omicron BA.1, BA.2 and BA.5 subvariant-infected patients (P>0.05). The majority of abnormal parameters of liver function tests were mildly elevated (1-3 £ ULN), the most frequently elevated parameter of liver function test was g-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT, 9.5%, 40/421), and patients with cholangiocyte or biliary duct injury markers were higher than with hepatocellular injury markers. Multivariate analysis showed that age (>40 years old, OR=1.898, 95% CI=1.058-3.402, P=0.032), sex (male gender, OR=2.031, 95% CI=1.211-3.408, P=0.007), serum amyloid A (SAA) level (>10 mg/ml, OR=3.595, 95% CI=1.840 -7.026, P<0.001) and vaccination status (No, OR=2.131, 95% CI=1.089-4.173, P=0.027) were independent factors related to liver injury. Conclusions: Liver injury does not differ between Omicron and non-Omicron variants or between Omicron subvariant-infected patients. The elevations of cholangiocyte or biliary duct injury biomarkers are dominant in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]