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23 results on '"Cognition disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects"'

1. Health-related quality of life and visual and cognitive impairment among nursing-home residents

Author

Elliott, A.F., McGwin, G., Jr., and Owsley, C.

Subjects
Quality of life -- Health aspects, Quality of life -- Demographic aspects, Quality of life -- Research, Vision disorders -- Demographic aspects, Vision disorders -- Physiological aspects, Vision disorders -- Research, Cognition disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects, Cognition disorders in old age -- Research, Nursing home patients -- Physiological aspects, Nursing home patients -- Research, Health
Published
2009

2. Interactive effects of age and estrogen on cognition and pyramidal neurons in monkey prefrontal cortex

Author

Hao, Jiandong, Rapp, Peter R., Janssen, William G.M., Lou, Wendy, Lasley, Bill L., Hof, Patrick R., and Morrison, John H.

Subjects
Estrogen -- Psychological aspects, Estrogen -- Chemical properties, Estrogen -- Physiological aspects, Prefrontal cortex -- Physiological aspects, Cognition disorders in old age -- Chemical properties, Cognition disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects, Aging -- Physiological aspects, Aging -- Psychological aspects, Monkeys -- Physiological aspects, Monkeys -- Psychological aspects, Science and technology
Abstract

We previously reported that long-term cyclic estrogen (E) treatment reverses age-related impairment of cognitive function mediated by the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dIPFC) in ovariectomized (OVX) female rhesus monkeys, and that E induces a corresponding increase in spine density in layer III dIPFC pyramidal neurons. We have now investigated the effects of the same E treatment in young adult females. In contrast to the results for aged monkeys, E treatment failed to enhance dIPFC-dependent task performance relative to vehicle control values (group young OVX+Veh) but nonetheless led to a robust increase in spine density. This response was accompanied by a decline in dendritic length, however, such that the total number of spines per neuron was equivalent in young OVX+Veh and OVX+E groups. Robust effects of chronological age, independent of ovarian hormone status, were also observed, comprising significant age-related declines in dendritic length and spine density, with a preferential decrease in small spines in the aged groups. Notably, the spine effects were partially reversed by cyclic E administration, although young OVX+Veh monkeys still had a higher complement of small spines than did aged E treated monkeys. In summary, layer III pyramidal neurons in the dIPFC are sensitive to ovarian hormone status in both young and aged monkeys, but these effects are not entirely equivalent across age groups. The results also suggest that the cognitive benefit of E treatment in aged monkeys is mediated by enabling synaptic plasticity through a cyclical increase in small, highly plastic dendritic spines in the primate dIPFC. aging/estradiol/hormone/neocortex/plasticity

Published
2007

3. Medial temporal lobe atrophy and white matter hyperintensities are associated with mild cognitive deficits in non-disabled elderly people: the LADIS study

Author

van der Flier, W.M., van Straaten, E.C.W., Barkhof, F., Ferro, J.M., Pantoni, L., Basile, A.M., Inzitari, D., Erkinjuntti, T., Wahlund, L.O., Rostrup, E., Schmidt, R., Fazekas, F., and Scheltens, P.

Subjects
Cognition disorders in old age -- Diagnosis, Cognition disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects, Temporal lobes -- Physiological aspects, Aged -- Health aspects, Aged -- Physiological aspects, Health, Psychology and mental health
Published
2005

4. The Goteborg MCI study: mild cognitive impairment is a heterogeneous condition

Author

Nordlund, A., Rolstad, S., Hellstrom, P., Sjogren, M., Hansen, S., and Wallin, A.

Subjects
Cognition disorders in old age -- Diagnosis, Cognition disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects, Alzheimer's disease -- Risk factors, Alzheimer's disease -- Diagnosis, Aging -- Psychological aspects, Neuropsychological tests -- Management, Company business management, Health, Psychology and mental health
Published
2005

6. Cognitive and neurobiologic markers of early Alzheimer disease

Author

Albert, Marilyn S.

Subjects
Alzheimer's disease -- Physiological aspects, Memory disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects, Cognition disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects, Science and technology
Abstract

Recent studies indicate that impairments in two cognitive domains characterize the cognitive abnormalities that appear earliest in the course of Alzheimer disease (AD). These cognitive domains pertain to memory and executive function ability; in particular, memory test scores reflecting the difference between immediate and delayed recall and tasks that assess cognitive flexibility (e.g., set-shifting). Preliminary data indicate that tasks of this nature, along with specific genetic information (i.e., APOE-4 status), are important in identifying which individuals with recent cognitive changes (considered to have 'questionable' disease) will progress to the point where they meet criteria for AD over time. When this cognitive and genetic information is combined with neuroimaging measures targeted at the brain regions demonstrating pathology early in AD, it may serve as specific and accurate prognostic markers of AD.

Published
1996

7. Cognitive deficits in patients with heart failure: a review of the literature

Author

Bennett, Susan J. and Sauve, Mary Jane

Subjects
Heart failure -- Physiological aspects, Heart failure -- Research, Cognition disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects, Cognition disorders in old age -- Research, Aged -- Health aspects, Old age -- Research, Business, Health, Health care industry
Published
2003

8. A framework for developing nursing knowledge about the effects of dementia on older persons' abilities

Author

Wells, Donna L. and Dawson, Pamela

Subjects
Apraxia -- Study and teaching, Cognition disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects, Senile dementia -- Physiological aspects, Nurses -- Training, Medical research -- Study and teaching, Aged -- Functional assessment, Nursing -- Research, Health, Psychology and mental health, Seniors
Abstract

This article discusses the development of a nursing research guide on dementia in the aged . Topics include functional ability, self-health care, apraxia, and cognition disorder.

Published
2002

9. Physical activity and cognitive decline, the role of the apolipoprotein e4 allele

Author

Schuit, Albertine J., Feskens, Edith J. M., Launer, Lenore J., and Kromhout, Daan

Subjects
Aged men -- Physiological aspects, Exercise -- Physiological aspects, Cognition disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects, Longitudinal method -- Usage, Apolipoproteins -- Physiological aspects, Health, Sports and fitness
Abstract

This article examines the relationship between exercise, cognitive decline, and the apolipoprotein e4 allele in a sample of aged Dutch men. Findings indicate that subjects who exercised for at least an hour each day and were not carriers of the allele had a significantly lower risk of experiencing cognitive decline.

Published
2001

10. Association between bone mineral density and cognitive decline in older women

Author

Yaffe, Kristine, Browner, Warren, Cauley, Jane, Launer, Lenore, and Harris, Tamara

Subjects
Osteoporosis -- Physiological aspects, Cognition disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects, Health, Seniors
Abstract

Older women with osteoporosis have poorer cognitive function and a greater risk of cognitive deterioration, Data were provided by a large sample of older women in the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures who were not taking estorgen replacement.

Published
1999

11. Association between decline in brain dopamine activity with age and cognitive and motor impairment in healthy individuals

Author

Volkow, Nora D., Gur, Ruben C., Wang, Gene-Jack, Fowler, Joanna S., Moberg, Paul J., Ding, Yu-Shin, Hitzemann, Robert, Smith, Gwenn, and Logan, Jean

Subjects
Brain -- Physiological aspects, Dopamine -- Physiological aspects, Age -- Physiological aspects, Cognition disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects, Motor ability -- Physiological aspects, Health, Psychology and mental health
Published
1998

12. Effect of type II diabetes mellitus on cognitive function

Author

Worrall, Graham, Moulton, Nancy, and Briffett, Eliza

Subjects
Type 2 diabetes -- Complications, Cognition disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects, Aged -- Functional assessment
Abstract

Background. As people with diabetes mellitus suffer from peripheral and autonomic neuropathy, we thought it possible that deficits in cognitive function might also be found. Our objective was to compare [...]

Published
1993

13. Combined analysis of CSF tau levels and [[sup.123]I]Iodoamphetamine SPECT in mild cognitive impairment: implications for a novel predictor of Alzheimer's disease. (Brief Report)

Author

Okamura, Nobuyuki, Arai, Hiroyuki, Maruyama, Masahiro, Higuchi, Makoto, Matsui, Toshifumi, Tanji, Haruko, Seki, Takashi, Hirai, Hisao, Chiba, Hiroshi, Itoh, Masatoshi, and Sasaki, Hidetada

Subjects
Cognition disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects, Alzheimer's disease -- Research, Cerebral circulation -- Testing, Cerebrospinal fluid -- Analysis, Health, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to establish an objective and reliable index to predict the development of Alzheimer's disease in a large pool of elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment. Method: Twenty-three patients with probable Alzheimer's disease, 22 patients with mild cognitive impairment who eventually developed Alzheimer's disease, eight patients with mild cognitive impairment who did not develop dementia, and 19 cognitively normal subjects were included in the study. The authors constructed a new diagnostic index, the CSF-CBF index, based on CSF tau levels divided by regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the posterior cingulate cortex. Results: Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that applying a cutoff value for the CSF-CBF index of 296.0 achieved a sensitivity of 88.5% and a specificity of 90.0% in discriminating mild cognitive impairment that progressed to Alzheimer's disease from mild cognitive impairment that did not progress to Alzheimer's disease. Conclusions: The CSF-CBF index is useful in predicting Alzheimer's disease in subjects with mild cognitive impairment.

Published
2002

14. Age-Related Cognitive Deficits Mediated by Changes in the Striatal Dopamine System

Author

Backman, Lars, Ginovart, Nathalie, Dixon, Roger A., Wahlin, Tarja-Brita Robins, Wahlin, Ake, Halidin, Christer, and Farde, Lars

Subjects
Aging -- Physiological aspects, Cognition disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects, Dopaminergic mechanisms -- Psychological aspects, Health, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

Objective: The study examined the influence of losses in dopaminergic function on age-related cognitive deficits. Method: Eleven healthy subjects (21-68 years of age) completed a set of cognitive tasks used to assess perceptual speed and episodic memory. D(sub 2) receptor binding was measured in the caudate and the putamen by using positron emission tomography. Results: A gradual age-related deterioration was found for all cognitive tasks and for D(sub 2) binding in both striatal structures. Statistical control of D(sub 2) binding eliminated the age-related cognitive variation, whereas residual effects of D(sub 2) binding were seen after the analysis controlled for age. Conclusions: D(sub 2) receptor binding is a more important factor than chronological age in accounting for variation in cognitive performance across the adult life-span. Changes in dopaminergic neurotransmission play an important role in aging-related cognitive decline.

Published
2000

15. Ameliorative Effect of S-Allylcysteine, a Major Thioallyl Constituent in Aged Garlic Extract, on Learning Deficits in Senescence-Accelerated Mice

Author

Nishiyama, Nobuyoshi, Moriguchi, Toru, Morihara, Naoaki, and Saito, Hiroshi

Subjects
Garlic -- Physiological aspects, Memory in old age -- Physiological aspects, Aging -- Physiological aspects, Mice -- Physiological aspects, Learning -- Physiological aspects, Cognition disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects, Food/cooking/nutrition
Abstract

This study examined the effect of S-allylcysteine (SAC), a major thioallyl compound found in aged garlic extract, on the memory deficit and age-related changes of senescence-accelerated mice. Senescence-accelerated prone P8 mice fed a diet supplemented with 40 mg SAC/kg diet for 8 mo had a significantly attenuated decrease in the conditioned avoidance response compared with those not given SAC. In the elevated plus-maze test using senescence-accelerated prone P10 mice, the percentage of time spent on the open arm was greater compared with the senescence-resistant control mice. Chronic dietary treatment with 40 mg SAC/kg diet decreased the time in the open arm in senescence-accelerated prone P10 mice. These studies suggest that diet supplementation with SAC may reduce age-related learning disabilities and cognitive disorders in senescence-accelerated mice. J. Nutr. 131: 1093S-1095S, 2001. KEY WORDS: * senescence-accelerated mice * S-allylcysteine * garlic * learning * memory

Published
2001

16. Diabetes increases risk of cognitive decline

Subjects
Diabetes in old age -- Physiological aspects, Cognition disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects, Health, Seniors
Abstract

Source: Archives of Internal Medicine, January 24, 2000 Older women with diabetes are at an increased risk for rapid cognitive decline and low levels of cognitive function, according to data [...]

Published
2000

17. Dementia and Alzheimer's disease

Subjects
Dementia -- Care and treatment, Alzheimer's disease -- Care and treatment, Cognition disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects, Health
Published
1999

18. Low plasma [beta]-amyloid levels may be a marker for cognitive decline

Author

Wachter, Kerri

Subjects
Amyloid beta-protein -- Physiological aspects, Cognition disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects, Cognition disorders in old age -- Research, Cognition disorders in old age -- Risk factors
Abstract

WASHINGTON -- Plasma levels of [beta]-amyloid may be low in elderly patients at risk for mild cognitive impairment or even Alzheimer's disease in the near term, according to research presented [...]

Published
2005

19. Yoga doesn't boost cognition in healthy seniors

Author

Jancin, Bruce

Subjects
Cognition -- Research, Cognition -- Physiological aspects, Cognition disorders in old age -- Research, Cognition disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects, Yoga -- Research, Yoga -- Physiological aspects
Abstract

SAN FRANCISCO -- The practice of yoga produced no significant effects on cognitive function in a randomized controlled trial involving healthy seniors, Barry Oken, M.D., said at the annual meeting [...]

Published
2004

20. Estrogens do not protect against cognitive decline. (New Data From Two Studies)

Author

Evans, Jeff

Subjects
Cognition disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects, Estrogen -- Health aspects, Estrogen -- Psychological aspects, Memory -- Physiological aspects, Aged women -- Health aspects, Aged women -- Psychological aspects
Abstract

High levels of endogenous or exogenous estrogens do not slow the decline of memory and cognition in older women with or without dementia, according to two studies. A study of [...]

Published
2003

21. Cobalamin markers flag cognitive decline. (In Healthy Elderly)

Author

Evans, Jeff

Subjects
American Geriatrics Society -- Reports, Vitamin B12 -- Health aspects, Cognition disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects
Abstract

WASHINGTON -- Elevated metabolites of the enzyme cofactor cobalamin in elderly patients may be an important factor in the future development of cognitive dysfunction, especially in men, according to a [...]

Published
2002

22. Dementia: a four-article symposium

Author

Morgenlander, Joel C.

Subjects
Dementia -- Care and treatment, Cognition disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects, Health
Published
1999

23. Brain lesions may help predict cognitive function in old age. (Briefly Noted)

Subjects
Cognition disorders -- Development and progression, Cognition disorders -- Physiological aspects, Cognition disorders in old age -- Physiological aspects, Brain -- Physiological aspects
Abstract

Age-related changes in the brain may affect cognitive function in old age, according to findings in the March issue of Psychology and Aging. Researchers found that the amount of white-matter [...]

Published
2003

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