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1. Design and Evaluation of Privacy-Preserving Protocols for Agent-Facilitated Mobile Money Services in Kenya

Author

Sowon, Karen, Munyendo, Collins W., Klucinec, Lily, Maingi, Eunice, Suleh, Gerald, Cranor, Lorrie Faith, Fanti, Giulia, Tucker, Conrad, and Gueye, Assane

Subjects
Computer Science - Cryptography and Security, Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction
Abstract

Mobile Money (MoMo), a technology that allows users to complete digital financial transactions using a mobile phone without requiring a bank account, has become a common method for processing financial transactions in Africa and other developing regions. Operationally, users can deposit (exchange cash for mobile money tokens) and withdraw with the help of human agents who facilitate a near end-to-end process from customer onboarding to authentication and recourse. During deposit and withdraw operations, know-your-customer (KYC) processes require agents to access and verify customer information such as name and ID number, which can introduce privacy and security risks. In this work, we design alternative protocols for mobile money deposits and withdrawals that protect users' privacy while enabling KYC checks. These workflows redirect the flow of sensitive information from the agent to the MoMo provider, thus allowing the agent to facilitate transactions without accessing a customer's personal information. We evaluate the usability and efficiency of our proposed protocols in a role play and semi-structured interview study with 32 users and 15 agents in Kenya. We find that users and agents both generally appear to prefer the new protocols, due in part to convenient and efficient verification using biometrics, better data privacy and access control, as well as better security mechanisms for delegated transactions. Our results also highlight some challenges and limitations that suggest the need for more work to build deployable solutions.

Published
2024

7. Population-based incidence of typhoid fever in an urban informal settlement and a rural area in Kenya: implications for typhoid vaccine use in Africa.

Author

Robert F Breiman, Leonard Cosmas, Henry Njuguna, Allan Audi, Beatrice Olack, John B Ochieng, Newton Wamola, Godfrey M Bigogo, George Awiti, Collins W Tabu, Heather Burke, John Williamson, Joseph O Oundo, Eric D Mintz, and Daniel R Feikin

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

BACKGROUND: High rates of typhoid fever in children in urban settings in Asia have led to focus on childhood immunization in Asian cities, but not in Africa, where data, mostly from rural areas, have shown low disease incidence. We set out to compare incidence of typhoid fever in a densely populated urban slum and a rural community in Kenya, hypothesizing higher rates in the urban area, given crowding and suboptimal access to safe water, sanitation and hygiene. METHODS: During 2007-9, we conducted population-based surveillance in Kibera, an urban informal settlement in Nairobi, and in Lwak, a rural area in western Kenya. Participants had free access to study clinics; field workers visited their homes biweekly to collect information about acute illnesses. In clinic, blood cultures were processed from patients with fever or pneumonia. Crude and adjusted incidence rates were calculated. RESULTS: In the urban site, the overall crude incidence of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) bacteremia was 247 cases per 100,000 person-years of observation (pyo) with highest rates in children 5-9 years old (596 per 100,000 pyo) and 2-4 years old (521 per 100,000 pyo). Crude overall incidence in Lwak was 29 cases per 100,000 pyo with low rates in children 2-4 and 5-9 years old (28 and 18 cases per 100,000 pyo, respectively). Adjusted incidence rates were highest in 2-4 year old urban children (2,243 per 100,000 pyo) which were >15-fold higher than rates in the rural site for the same age group. Nearly 75% of S. Typhi isolates were multi-drug resistant. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic urban slum and rural comparison showed dramatically higher typhoid incidence among urban children

Published
2012
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8. Correlation of Hemorheology Parameter Hematocrit with Hemodynamic Factors

Author

Shibeshi S. S. and Collins W. E.

Subjects
hemorheology, hematocrit, blood rheology, hemodynamics, arterial disease, navier-stokes equation, casson equation, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492
Abstract

Blood rheology and hemodynamics models show positive correlation between hematocrit and hemodynamic factors that has implication to physiological and arterial disease processes. Blood flow is modeled by the Navier- Stokes equation and its non-Newtonian property by the Casson equation. Hematocrit dependent parameters in the Casson equation integrate the hematocrit level in the mathematical model. Then the mathematical model was linearized on a tetrahedral computational grid using the finite volume method. Results show strong correlation between hematocrit and hemodynamic factors. The determined hemodynamic factors and their strong correlation with the hematocrit provide explanation how these factors promote the atherosclerotic process in the right coronary artery at a steady flow and how influence arterial disease process.

Published
2010
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9. Strategies and Perceived Risks of Sending Sensitive Documents

Author

Warford, Noel, Munyendo, Collins W., Mediratta, Ashna, Aviv, Adam J., and Mazurek, Michelle L.

Subjects
Computer Science - Cryptography and Security, Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction
Abstract

People are frequently required to send documents, forms, or other materials containing sensitive data (e.g., personal information, medical records, financial data) to remote parties, sometimes without a formal procedure to do so securely. The specific transmission mechanisms end up relying on the knowledge and preferences of the parties involved. Through two online surveys ($n=60$ and $n=250$), we explore the various methods used to transmit sensitive documents, as well as the perceived risk and satisfaction with those methods. We find that users are more likely to recognize risk to data-at-rest after receipt (but not at the sender, namely, themselves). When not using an online portal provided by the recipient, participants primarily envision transmitting sensitive documents in person or via email, and have little experience using secure, privacy-preserving alternatives. Despite recognizing general risks, participants express high privacy satisfaction and convenience with actually experienced situations. These results suggest opportunities to design new solutions to promote securely sending sensitive materials, perhaps as new utilities within standard email workflows., Comment: 25 pages, to appear in USENIX Security Symposium 2021

Published
2021

10. The Psychological Science Accelerator’s COVID-19 rapid-response dataset

Author

Buchanan, Erin M., Lewis, Savannah C., Paris, Bastien, Forscher, Patrick S., Pavlacic, Jeffrey M., Beshears, Julie E., Drexler, Shira Meir, Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, Amélie, Mallik, Peter R, Silan, Miguel Alejandro A., Miller, Jeremy K., IJzerman, Hans, Moshontz, Hannah, Beaudry, Jennifer L., Suchow, Jordan W., Chartier, Christopher R., Coles, Nicholas A., Sharifian, MohammadHasan, Todsen, Anna Louise, Levitan, Carmel A., Azevedo, Flávio, Legate, Nicole, Heller, Blake, Rothman, Alexander J., Dorison, Charles A., Gill, Brian P., Wang, Ke, Rees, Vaughan W., Gibbs, Nancy, Goldenberg, Amit, Thi Nguyen, Thuy-vy, Gross, James J., Kaminski, Gwenaêl, von Bastian, Claudia C., Paruzel-Czachura, Mariola, Mosannenzadeh, Farnaz, Azouaghe, Soufian, Bran, Alexandre, Ruiz-Fernandez, Susana, Santos, Anabela Caetano, Reggev, Niv, Zickfeld, Janis H., Akkas, Handan, Pantazi, Myrto, Ropovik, Ivan, Korbmacher, Max, Arriaga, Patrícia, Gjoneska, Biljana, Warmelink, Lara, Alves, Sara G., de Holanda Coelho, Gabriel Lins, Stieger, Stefan, Schei, Vidar, Hanel, Paul H. P., Szaszi, Barnabas, Fedotov, Maksim, Antfolk, Jan, Marcu, Gabriela-Mariana, Schrötter, Jana, Kunst, Jonas R., Geiger, Sandra J., Adetula, Adeyemi, Kocalar, Halil Emre, Kielińska, Julita, Kačmár, Pavol, Bokkour, Ahmed, Galindo-Caballero, Oscar J., Djamai, Ikhlas, Pöntinen, Sara Johanna, AGESIN, Bamikole Emmanuel, Jernsäther, Teodor, Urooj, Anum, Rachev, Nikolay R., Koptjevskaja-Tamm, Maria, Kurfalı, Murathan, Pit, Ilse L., Li, Ranran, Çoksan, Sami, Dubrov, Dmitrii, Paltrow, Tamar Elise, Baník, Gabriel, Korobova, Tatiana, Studzinska, Anna, Jiang, Xiaoming, Aruta, John Jamir Benzon R., Vintr, Jáchym, Chiu, Faith, Kaliska, Lada, Berkessel, Jana B., Tümer, Murat, Morales-Izquierdo, Sara, Chuan-Peng, Hu, Vezirian, Kevin, Rosa, Anna Dalla, Bialobrzeska, Olga, Vasilev, Martin R., Beitner, Julia, Kácha, Ondřej, Žuro, Barbara, Westerlund, Minja, Nedelcheva-Datsova, Mina, Findor, Andrej, Krupić, Dajana, Kowal, Marta, Askelund, Adrian Dahl, Pourafshari, Razieh, Đorđević, Jasna Milošević, Schmidt, Nadya-Daniela, Baklanova, Ekaterina, Szala, Anna, Zakharov, Ilya, Vranka, Marek A., Ihaya, Keiko, Grano, Caterina, Cellini, Nicola, Białek, Michał, Anton-Boicuk, Lisa, Dalgar, Ilker, Adıgüzel, Arca, Verharen, Jeroen P. H., Maturan, Princess Lovella G., Kassianos, Angelos P., Oliveira, Raquel, Čadek, Martin, Adoric, Vera Cubela, Özdoğru, Asil Ali, Sverdrup, Therese E., Aczel, Balazs, Zambrano, Danilo, Ahmed, Afroja, Tamnes, Christian K., Yamada, Yuki, Volz, Leonhard, Sunami, Naoyuki, Suter, Lilian, Vieira, Luc, Groyecka-Bernard, Agata, Kamburidis, Julia Arhondis, Reips, Ulf-Dietrich, Harutyunyan, Mikayel, Adetula, Gabriel Agboola, Allred, Tara Bulut, Barzykowski, Krystian, Antazo, Benedict G, Zsido, Andras N., Šakan, Dušana Dušan, Cyrus-Lai, Wilson, Ahlgren, Lina Pernilla, Hruška, Matej, Vega, Diego, Manunta, Efisio, Mokady, Aviv, Capizzi, Mariagrazia, Martončik, Marcel, Say, Nicolas, Filip, Katarzyna, Vilar, Roosevelt, Staniaszek, Karolina, Vdovic, Milica, Adamkovic, Matus, Johannes, Niklas, Hajdu, Nandor, Cohen, Noga, Overkott, Clara, Krupić, Dino, Hubena, Barbora, Nilsonne, Gustav, Mioni, Giovanna, Solorzano, Claudio Singh, Ishii, Tatsunori, Chen, Zhang, Kushnir, Elizaveta, Karaarslan, Cemre, Ribeiro, Rafael R., Khaoudi, Ahmed, Kossowska, Małgorzata, Bavolar, Jozef, Hoyer, Karlijn, Roczniewska, Marta, Karababa, Alper, Becker, Maja, Monteiro, Renan P., Kunisato, Yoshihiko, Metin-Orta, Irem, Adamus, Sylwia, Kozma, Luca, Czarnek, Gabriela, Domurat, Artur, Štrukelj, Eva, Alvarez, Daniela Serrato, Parzuchowski, Michal, Massoni, Sébastien, Czamanski-Cohen, Johanna, Pronizius, Ekaterina, Muchembled, Fany, van Schie, Kevin, Saçaklı, Aslı, Hristova, Evgeniya, Kuzminska, Anna O., Charyate, Abdelilah, Bijlstra, Gijsbert, Afhami, Reza, Majeed, Nadyanna M., Musser, Erica D., Sirota, Miroslav, Ross, Robert M., Yeung, Siu Kit, Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta, Foroni, Francesco, Almeida, Inês A. T., Grigoryev, Dmitry, Lewis, David M. G., Holford, Dawn L., Janssen, Steve M. J., Tatachari, Srinivasan, Batres, Carlota, Olofsson, Jonas K., Daches, Shimrit, Belaus, Anabel, Pfuhl, Gerit, Corral-Frias, Nadia Sarai, Sousa, Daniela, Röer, Jan Philipp, Isager, Peder Mortvedt, Godbersen, Hendrik, Walczak, Radoslaw B., Van Doren, Natalia, Ren, Dongning, Gill, Tripat, Voracek, Martin, DeBruine, Lisa M., Anne, Michele, Očovaj, Sanja Batić, Thomas, Andrew G., Arvanitis, Alexios, Ostermann, Thomas, Wolfe, Kelly, Arinze, Nwadiogo Chisom, Bundt, Carsten, Lamm, Claus, Calin-Jageman, Robert J, Davis, William E., Karekla, Maria, Zorjan, Saša, Jaremka, Lisa M., Uttley, Jim, Hricova, Monika, Koehn, Monica A, Kiselnikova, Natalia, Bai, Hui, Krafnick, Anthony J., Balci, Busra Bahar, Ballantyne, Tonia, Lins, Samuel, Vally, Zahir, Esteban-Serna, Celia, Schmidt, Kathleen, Macapagal, Paulo Manuel L., Szwed, Paulina, Zdybek, Przemysław Marcin, Moreau, David, Collins, W. Matthew, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A., Vilares, Iris, Tran, Ulrich S., Boudesseul, Jordane, Albayrak-Aydemir, Nihan, Dixson, Barnaby James Wyld, Perillo, Jennifer T, Ferreira, Ana, Westgate, Erin C., Aberson, Christopher L., Arinze, Azuka Ikechukwu, Jaeger, Bastian, Butt, Muhammad Mussaffa, Silva, Jaime R., Storage, Daniel Shafik, Janak, Allison P, Jiménez-Leal, William, Soto, Jose A., Sorokowska, Agnieszka, McCarthy, Randy, Tullett, Alexa M, Frias-Armenta, Martha, Ribeiro, Matheus Fernando Felix, Hartanto, Andree, Forbes, Paul A. G., Willis, Megan L., del Carmen Tejada R, María, Torres, Adriana Julieth Olaya, Stephen, Ian D, Vaidis, David C., de la Rosa-Gómez, Anabel, Yu, Karen, Sutherland, Clare A. M., Manavalan, Mathi, Behzadnia, Behzad, Urban, Jan, Baskin, Ernest, McFall, Joseph P., Ogbonnaya, Chisom Esther, Fu, Cynthia H. Y., Rahal, Rima-Maria, Ndukaihe, Izuchukwu L. G., Hostler, Thomas J., Kappes, Heather Barry, Sorokowski, Piotr, Khosla, Meetu, Lazarevic, Ljiljana B., Eudave, Luis, Vilsmeier, Johannes K., Luis, Elkin O., Muda, Rafał, Agadullina, Elena, Cárcamo, Rodrigo A., Reeck, Crystal, Anjum, Gulnaz, Venegas, Mónica Camila Toro, Misiak, Michal, Ryan, Richard M., Nock, Nora L., Travaglino, Giovanni A., Mensink, Michael C., Feldman, Gilad, Wichman, Aaron L., Chou, Weilun, Ziano, Ignazio, Seehuus, Martin, Chopik, William J., Kung, Franki Y. H., Carpentier, Joelle, Vaughn, Leigh Ann, Du, Hongfei, Xiao, Qinyu, Lima, Tiago J. S., Noone, Chris, Onie, Sandersan, Verbruggen, Frederick, Radtke, Theda, and Primbs, Maximilian A.

Published
2023
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15. ClimateNet: An expert-labeled open dataset and deep learning architecture for enabling high-precision analyses of extreme weather

Author

Prabhat, Kashinath, K, Mudigonda, M, Kim, S, Kapp-Schwoerer, L, Graubner, A, Karaismailoglu, E, Von Kleist, L, Kurth, T, Greiner, A, Mahesh, A, Yang, K, Lewis, C, Chen, J, Lou, A, Chandran, S, Toms, B, Chapman, W, Dagon, K, Shields, CA, O'Brien, T, Wehner, M, and Collins, W

Subjects
Earth Sciences
Abstract

Identifying, detecting, and localizing extreme weather events is a crucial first step in understanding how they may vary under different climate change scenarios. Pattern recognition tasks such as classification, object detection, and segmentation (i.e., pixel-level classification) have remained challenging problems in the weather and climate sciences. While there exist many empirical heuristics for detecting extreme events, the disparities between the output of these different methods even for a single event are large and often difficult to reconcile. Given the success of deep learning (DL) in tackling similar problems in computer vision, we advocate a DL-based approach. DL, however, works best in the context of supervised learning - when labeled datasets are readily available. Reliable labeled training data for extreme weather and climate events is scarce. We create "ClimateNet" - an open, community-sourced human-expert-labeled curated dataset that captures tropical cyclones (TCs) and atmospheric rivers (ARs) in highresolution climate model output from a simulation of a recent historical period.We use the curated ClimateNet dataset to train a state-of-the-art DL model for pixel-level identification - i.e., segmentation - of TCs and ARs. We then apply the trained DL model to historical and climate change scenarios simulated by the Community Atmospheric Model (CAM5.1) and show that the DL model accurately segments the data into TCs, ARs, or "the background" at a pixel level. Further, we show how the segmentation results can be used to conduct spatially and temporally precise analytics by quantifying distributions of extreme precipitation conditioned on event types (TC or AR) at regional scales. The key contribution of this work is that it paves the way for DL-based automated, high-fidelity, and highly precise analytics of climate data using a curated expert-labeled dataset - ClimateNet. ClimateNet and the DL-based segmentation method provide several unique capabilities: (i) they can be used to calculate a variety of TC and AR statistics at a fine-grained level; (ii) they can be applied to different climate scenarios and different datasets without tuning as they do not rely on threshold conditions; and (iii) the proposed DL method is suitable for rapidly analyzing large amounts of climate model output. While our study has been conducted for two important extreme weather patterns (TCs and ARs) in simulation datasets, we believe that this methodology can be applied to a much broader class of patterns and applied to observational and reanalysis data products via transfer learning.

Published
2021

16. Many Labs 5: Testing Pre-Data-Collection Peer Review as an Intervention to Increase Replicability

Author

Ebersole, Charles R, Mathur, Maya B, Baranski, Erica, Bart-Plange, Diane-Jo, Buttrick, Nicholas R, Chartier, Christopher R, Corker, Katherine S, Corley, Martin, Hartshorne, Joshua K, IJzerman, Hans, Lazarević, Ljiljana B, Rabagliati, Hugh, Ropovik, Ivan, Aczel, Balazs, Aeschbach, Lena F, Andrighetto, Luca, Arnal, Jack D, Arrow, Holly, Babincak, Peter, Bakos, Bence E, Baník, Gabriel, Baskin, Ernest, Belopavlović, Radomir, Bernstein, Michael H, Białek, Michał, Bloxsom, Nicholas G, Bodroža, Bojana, Bonfiglio, Diane BV, Boucher, Leanne, Brühlmann, Florian, Brumbaugh, Claudia C, Casini, Erica, Chen, Yiling, Chiorri, Carlo, Chopik, William J, Christ, Oliver, Ciunci, Antonia M, Claypool, Heather M, Coary, Sean, Čolić, Marija V, Collins, W Matthew, Curran, Paul G, Day, Chris R, Dering, Benjamin, Dreber, Anna, Edlund, John E, Falcão, Filipe, Fedor, Anna, Feinberg, Lily, Ferguson, Ian R, Ford, Máire, Frank, Michael C, Fryberger, Emily, Garinther, Alexander, Gawryluk, Katarzyna, Ashbaugh, Kayla, Giacomantonio, Mauro, Giessner, Steffen R, Grahe, Jon E, Guadagno, Rosanna E, Hałasa, Ewa, Hancock, Peter JB, Hilliard, Rias A, Hüffmeier, Joachim, Hughes, Sean, Idzikowska, Katarzyna, Inzlicht, Michael, Jern, Alan, Jiménez-Leal, William, Johannesson, Magnus, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A, Kauff, Mathias, Kellier, Danielle J, Kessinger, Grecia, Kidwell, Mallory C, Kimbrough, Amanda M, King, Josiah PJ, Kolb, Vanessa S, Kołodziej, Sabina, Kovacs, Marton, Krasuska, Karolina, Kraus, Sue, Krueger, Lacy E, Kuchno, Katarzyna, Lage, Caio Ambrosio, Langford, Eleanor V, Levitan, Carmel A, de Lima, Tiago Jessé Souza, Lin, Hause, Lins, Samuel, Loy, Jia E, Manfredi, Dylan, Markiewicz, Łukasz, Menon, Madhavi, Mercier, Brett, Metzger, Mitchell, Meyet, Venus, Millen, Ailsa E, Miller, Jeremy K, and Montealegre, Andres

Subjects
Psychology, Cognitive and Computational Psychology, Applied and Developmental Psychology, Behavioral and Social Science, replication, reproducibility, metascience, peer review, Registered Reports, open data, preregistered, Applied and developmental psychology, Cognitive and computational psychology
Abstract

Replication studies in psychological science sometimes fail to reproduce prior findings. If these studies use methods that are unfaithful to the original study or ineffective in eliciting the phenomenon of interest, then a failure to replicate may be a failure of the protocol rather than a challenge to the original finding. Formal pre-data-collection peer review by experts may address shortcomings and increase replicability rates. We selected 10 replication studies from the Reproducibility Project: Psychology (RP:P; Open Science Collaboration, 2015) for which the original authors had expressed concerns about the replication designs before data collection; only one of these studies had yielded a statistically significant effect (p

Published
2020

21. In COVID-19 Health Messaging, Loss Framing Increases Anxiety with Little-to-No Concomitant Benefits: Experimental Evidence from 84 Countries

Author

Dorison, Charles A., Lerner, Jennifer S., Heller, Blake H., Rothman, Alexander J., Kawachi, Ichiro I., Wang, Ke, Rees, Vaughan W., Gill, Brian P., Gibbs, Nancy, Ebersole, Charles R., Vally, Zahir, Tajchman, Zuzanna, Zsido, Andras N., Zrimsek, Mija, Chen, Zhang, Ziano, Ignazio, Gialitaki, Zoi, Ceary, Chris D., Lin, Yijun, Kunisato, Yoshihiko, Yamada, Yuki, Xiao, Qinyu, Jiang, Xiaoming, Du, Xinkai, Yao, Elvin, Wilson, John Paul, Cyrus-Lai, Wilson, Jimenez-Leal, William, Law, Wilbert, Collins, W. Matthew, Richard, Karley L., Vranka, Marek, Ankushev, Vladislav, Schei, Vidar, Križanić, Valerija, Kadreva, Veselina Hristova, Adoric, Vera Cubela, Tran, Ulrich S., Yeung, Siu Kit, Hassan, Widad, Houston, Ralph, Lima, Tiago J. S., Ostermann, Thomas, Frizzo, Thomas, Sverdrup, Therese E., House, Thea, Gill, Tripat, Fedotov, Maksim, Paltrow, Tamar, Jernsäther, Teodor, Koptjevskaja-Tamm, Maria, Hostler, Thomas J., Ishii, Tatsunori, Szaszi, Barnabas, Adamus, Sylwia, Suter, Lilian, Habib, Sumaiya, Studzinska, Anna, Stojanovska, Dragana, Janssen, Steve M. J., Stieger, Stefan, Schulenberg, Stefan E., Tatachari, Srinivasan, Azouaghe, Soufian, Sorokowski, Piotr, Sorokowska, Agnieszka, Song, Xin, Lewis, Savannah C., Sinkolova, Sladjana, Grigoryev, Dmitry, Drexler, Shira Meir, Daches, Shimrit, Geniole, Shawn N., Vračar, Selena, Massoni, Sébastien, Zorjan, Saša, Sarıoğuz, Eylül, Izquierdo, Sara Morales, Alves, Sara G., Pöntinen, Sara, Solas, Sara Álvarez, Ordoñez-Riaño, Santiago, Očovaj, Sanja Batić, Onie, Sandersan, Lins, Samuel, Çoksan, Sami, Sacakli, Asli, Ruiz-Fernández, Susana, Geiger, Sandra J., FatahModares, Saeideh, Walczak, Radoslaw B., Betlehem, Ruben, Vilar, Roosevelt, Cárcamo, Rodrigo, Ross, Robert M., McCarthy, Randy, Ballantyne, Tonia, Westgate, Erin C., Afhami, Reza, Ren, Dongning, Monteiro, Renan P., Reips, Ulf-Dietrich, Reggev, Niv, Calin-Jageman, Robert J., Pourafshari, Razieh, Oliveira, Raquel, Nedelcheva-Datsova, Mina, Rahal, Rima-Maria, Ribeiro, Rafael R., Radtke, Theda, Searston, Rachel, Habte, Redeate, Zdybek, Przemysław, Chen, Sau-Chin, Maturan, Princess Lovella G., Perillo, Jennifer T., Isager, Peder Mortvedt, Kačmár, Pavol, Macapagal, Paulo Manuel, Szwed, Paulina, Hanel, Paul H. P., Forbes, Paul A. G., Arriaga, Patrícia, Paris, Bastien, Papachristopoulos, Konstantinos, Correa, Pablo Sebastián, Kácha, Ondřej, Bernardo, Márcia, Campos, Olatz, Bravo, Olalla Niño, Galindo-Caballero, Oscar J., Ogbonnaya, Chisom Esther, Bialobrzeska, Olga, Kiselnikova, Natalia, Simonovic, Nicolle, Cohen, Noga, Nock, Nora L., Johannes, Niklas, Albayrak-Aydemir, Nihan, Say, Nicolas, Torunsky, Nathan, Van Doren, Natalia, Sunami, Naoyuki, Rachev, Nikolay R., Majeed, Nadyanna M., Schmidt, Nadya-Daniela, Nadif, Khaoula, Corral-Frías, Nadia S., Ouherrou, Nihal, Pantazi, Myrto, Lucas, Marc Y., Vasilev, Martin R., Ortiz, María Victoria, Butt, Muhammad Mussaffa, Kabir, Muhib, Muda, Rafał, Tejada Rivera, Maria del Carmen MC, Sirota, Miroslav, Seehuus, Martin, Parzuchowski, Michal, Toro, Mónica, Hricova, Monika, Maldonado, Mónica Alarcón, Marszalek, Magdalena, Karekla, Maria, Mioni, Giovanna, Bosma, Minke Jasmijn, Westerlund, Minja, Vdovic, Milica, Bialek, Michal, Silan, Miguel A., Anne, Michele, Misiak, Michal, Grinberg, Maurice, Capizzi, Mariagrazia, Espinoza Barría, Mauricio F., Kurfali, Merve A., Mensink, Michael C., Harutyunyan, Mikayel, Khosla, Meetu, Korbmacher, Max, Adamkovič, Matúš, Ribeiro, Matheus Fernando Felix, Terskova, Maria, Hruška, Matej, Martončik, Marcel, Voracek, Martin, Čadek, Martin, Frías-Armenta, Martha, Kowal, Marta, Topor, Marta, Roczniewska, Marta, Oosterlinck, Marlies, Kohlová, Markéta Braun, Paruzel-Czachura, Mariola, Romanova, Marina, Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta, Lund, Maria Louise, Antoniadi, Maria, Jones, Marc V., Ortiz, Manuel S., Manavalan, Mathi, Muminov, Abdumalik, Kossowska, Małgorzata, Friedemann, Maja, Wielgus, Magdalena, Varella, Marco A. C., Colloff, Melissa F., Bradford, Maria, Vaughn, Leigh Ann, Eudave, Luis, Vieira, Luc, Pineda, Lina Maria Sanabria, Pérez, Laura Calderón, Lazarevic, Ljiljana B., Jaremka, Lisa M., Kushnir, Elizaveta, Anton-Boicuk, Lisa, de Holanda Coelho, Gabriel Lins, Ahlgren, Lina, Levitan, Carmel A., Micheli, Leticia, Volz, Leonhard, Stojanovska, Marija, Boucher, Leanne, Samojlenko, Lara, Delgado, Lady Grey Javela, Kaliska, Lada, Warmelink, Lara, Rojas-Berscia, Luis Miguel, Yu, Karen, Wachowicz, Jakub, Desai, Kermeka, Barzykowski, Krystian, Kozma, Luca, Evans, Kortnee, Kirgizova, Komila, Agesin, Bamikole Emmanuel, Koehn, Monica A, Wolfe, Kelly, Korobova, Tatiana, Klevjer, Kristoffer, van Schie, Kevin, Vezirian, Kevin, Damnjanović, Kaja, Thommesen, Katrine Krabbe, Schmidt, Kathleen, Filip, Katarzyna, Grzech, Karolina, Hoyer, Karlijn, Moon, Karis, Rana, Kafeel, Janjić, Kristina, Suchow, Jordan W., Kielińska, Julita, Cruz Vásquez, Julio E, Beitner, Julia, Vargas-Nieto, Juan Camilo, Roxas, Jose Carlos T., Taber, Jennifer, Urriago-Rayo, Joan, Pavlacic, Jeffrey M., Bavolar, Jozef, Soto, José A., Olofsson, Jonas K., Vilsmeier, Johannes K., Messerschmidt, Johanna, Czamanski-Cohen, Johanna, Boudesseul, Jordane, Lee, Jeong Min, Kamburidis, Julia, Zickfeld, Janis, Miranda, Jacob F., Verharen, Jeroen P. H., Hristova, Evgeniya, Beshears, Julie E., Đorđević, Jasna Milošević, Bosch, Jasmijn, Valentova, Jaroslava Varella, Antfolk, Jan, Berkessel, Jana B., Schrötter, Jana, Urban, Jan, Röer, Jan Philipp, Norton, James O, Silva, Jaime R., Pickering, Jade S., Vintr, Jáchym, Uttley, Jim, Kunst, Jonas R., Ndukaihe, Izuchukwu L. G., Iyer, Aishwarya, Vilares, Iris, Ivanov, Aleksandr, Ropovik, Ivan, Sula, Isabela, Sarieva, Irena, Metin-Orta, Irem, Prusova, Irina, Pinto, Isabel, Bozdoc, Andreea Ioana, Almeida, Inês A. T., Pit, Ilse L., Dalgar, Ilker, Zakharov, Ilya, Arinze, Azuka Ikechukwu, Ihaya, Keiko, Stephen, Ian D., Gjoneska, Biljana, Brohmer, Hilmar, Flowe, Heather, Godbersen, Hendrik, Kocalar, Halil Emre, Hedgebeth, Mattie V., Chuan-Peng, Hu, Sharifian, MohammadHasan, Manley, Harry, Akkas, Handan, Hajdu, Nandor, Azab, Habiba, Kaminski, Gwenael, Nilsonne, Gustav, Anjum, Gulnaz, Travaglino, Giovanni A., Feldman, Gilad, Pfuhl, Gerit, Czarnek, Gabriela, Marcu, Gabriela Mariana, Hofer, Gabriela, Banik, Gabriel, Adetula, Gabriel Agboola, Bijlstra, Gijsbert, Verbruggen, Frederick, Kung, Franki Y. H., Foroni, Francesco, Singer, Gage, Muchembled, Fany, Azevedo, Flavio, Mosannenzadeh, Farnaz, Marinov, Evelina, Štrukelj, Eva, Etebari, Zahra, Baskin, Ernest, Garcia, Elkin Oswaldo Luis, Musser, Erica, van Steenkiste, I.M.M., Ahn, El Rim, Pronizius, Ekaterina, Jackson, Emily A, Manunta, Efisio, Agadullina, Elena, Šakan, Dušana, Dursun, Pinar, Dujols, Olivier, Dubrov, Dmitrii, Willis, Megan, Tümer, Murat, Beaudry, Jennifer L., Popović, Dora, Dunleavy, Daniel, Djamai, Ikhlas, Krupić, Dino, Vega, Diego, Du, Hongfei, Mola, Débora, Davis, William E., Holford, Dawn Liu, Lewis, David M. G., Vaidis, David C., Ozery, Daphna Hausman, Ricaurte, Danilo Zambrano, Storage, Daniel, Sousa, Daniela, Alvarez, Daniela Serrato, Rosa, Anna Dalla, Krupić, Dajana, Marko, Dafne, Moreau, David, Reeck, Crystal, Correia, Rita C., Whitt, Cassie M., Lamm, Claus, Solorzano, Claudio Singh, von Bastian, Claudia C., Sutherland, Clare AM, Overkott, Clara, Aberson, Christopher L., Wang, Chunhui, Karashiali, Christiana, Noone, Chris, Chiu, Faith, Picciocchi, Chiara, Karaarslan, Cemre, Cellini, Nicola, Esteban-Serna, Celia, Reyna, Cecilia, Batres, Carlota, Li, Ranran, Grano, Caterina, Carpentier, Joelle, Tamnes, Christian K., Fu, Cynthia H.Y., Ishkhanyan, Byurakn, Bylinina, Lisa, Jaeger, Bastian, Bundt, Carsten, Allred, Tara Bulut, Bokkour, Ahmed, Bogatyreva, Natalia, Chopik, William J., Antazo, Benedict, Behzadnia, Behzad, Becker, Maja, Cocco, Beatrice, Chou, Wei-Lun, Hubena, Barbora, Žuro, Barbara, Aczel, Balazs, Baklanova, Ekaterina, Bai, Hui, Balci, Busra Bahar, Babinčák, Peter, Dixson, Barnaby James Wyld, Mokady, Aviv, Kappes, Heather Barry, Atari, Mohammad, Szala, Anna, Szabelska, Anna, Aruta, John Jamir Benzon, Domurat, Artur, Arinze, Nwadiogo Chisom, Modena, Arianna, Adiguzel, Arca, Monajem, Arash, ARABI, Kanza AIT EL, Özdoğru, Asil Ali, Olaya Torres, Adriana Julieth, Theodoropoulou, Andriana, Jurković, Anita Penić, Kassianos, Angelos P., Findor, Andrej, Hartanto, Andree, Thibault Landry, Anais, Ferreira, Ana, Santos, Anabela Caetano, De la Rosa-Gomez, Anabel, Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, Amélie, Todsen, Anna Louise, Karababa, Alper, Janak, Allison, Bran, Alexandre, Tullett, Alexa M., Kuzminska, Anna O., Krafnick, Anthony J, Urooj, Anum, Khaoudi, Ahmed, Ahmed, Afroja, Groyecka-Bernard, Agata, Askelund, Adrian Dahl, Adetula, Adeyemi, Belaus, Anabel, Charyate, Abdelilah Ca, Wichman, Aaron L., Stoyanova, Alina, Greenburgh, Anna, Thomas, Andrew G., Arvanitis, Alexios, Forscher, Patrick S., Mallik, Peter R, Primbs, Maximilian A., Miller, Jeremy K., Moshontz, Hannah, Urry, Heather L., IJzerman, Hans, Basnight-Brown, Dana M., Chartier, Christopher R., Buchanan, Erin M., and Coles, Nicholas A.

Published
2022
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24. Large-scale cross-societal examination of real- and minimal-group biases

Author

Yang, Xin, primary, Schulz, Jonathan Friedemann, additional, Schmidt, Kathleen, additional, Kenny, Adam R, additional, Pfuhl, Gerit, additional, Gjoneska, Biljana, additional, Dalgar, Ilker, additional, Lewis, Savannah C, additional, Exner, Anna, additional, Lander, Karen, additional, Becker, Maja, additional, Du, Hongfei, additional, Johri, Akshay, additional, Selcuk, Emre, additional, Gallyamova, Albina, additional, Calluso, Cinzia, additional, Reggev, Niv, additional, Vranka, Marek Albert, additional, Acar, Oguz A., additional, Palma, Tomás A, additional, kocur, miroslaw, additional, Oliveros, Juan C., additional, Montefinese, Maria, additional, Wilton, Leigh Solano, additional, Zdybek, Przemysław, additional, Pfattheicher, Stefan, additional, Akkas, Handan, additional, Autin, Frederique, additional, Sorokowska, Agnieszka, additional, Janssen, Steve M. J., additional, March, David Scott, additional, Young, Danielle Magan, additional, Valentova, Jaroslava Varella, additional, Tasbas, Esra H. Oguz, additional, Bukun, Mehmet Fatih, additional, Giammusso, Isabella, additional, Brandt, Mark John, additional, Stewart, Suzanne, additional, Couto, Cleno, additional, Simon, Derek, additional, Cutler, Jo, additional, Prokosch, Marjorie L., additional, Sjåstad, Hallgeir, additional, Manunta, Efisio, additional, Whyte, Stephen, additional, Marsh, Abigail, additional, Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta, additional, Jaeger, Bastian, additional, Morvinski, Coby, additional, Primbs, Maximilian, additional, Akil, Atakan M., additional, Kapoor, Hansika, additional, Barzykowski, Krystian, additional, Ghai, Sakshi, additional, Moreau, David, additional, Seehuus, Martin, additional, Kowal, Marta, additional, Evans, Thomas Rhys, additional, Hill, Kimberley, additional, Calvillo, Dustin P, additional, Wiechert, Sera, additional, Afhami, Reza, additional, Hoyer, Karlijn, additional, Korbmacher, Max, additional, Elbaek, Christian T., additional, Alsuhaibani, Zainab, additional, Pronizius, Ekaterina, additional, Cui, Qianqain, additional, Cundiff, Jenny, additional, Taghipanahi, Alireza, additional, Bjornsdottir, R. Thora, additional, Baskin, Ernest, additional, Ergiyen, Tolga, additional, Metin-Orta, Irem, additional, Collins, W. Matthew, additional, Bø, Simen, additional, Marinucci, Marco, additional, Baker, Bradley James, additional, Özdoğru, Asil Ali, additional, Anne, Michele, additional, Standage, Martyn, additional, Tullett, Alexa Mary, additional, Milfont, Taciano L, additional, Flynn, Francis, additional, Zidkova, Radka, additional, Ruiz-Fernandez, Susana, additional, Sachs, Tobias, additional, Bilancini, Ennio, additional, Verheyen, Steven, additional, Massoni, Sébastien, additional, Wen, Jiahui, additional, Camargo, Andrés, additional, Wang, Yilin Andre, additional, Zhou, Steven, additional, Peetz, Hannah Katharina, additional, Grigoryev, Dmitry, additional, Ghasemi, Omid, additional, Westgate, Erin Corwin, additional, Goh, Jin X., additional, Sutherland, Clare, additional, Boucher, Leanne, additional, Grigoryan, Lusine, additional, Paltoglou, Aspa, additional, Al-Hoorie, Ali H., additional, Sacco, Donald F., additional, Thomas, Andrew G., additional, Haeffel, Gerald, additional, Davis, William E., additional, Mandalaywala, Tara M, additional, Cruz, Francisco, additional, Ross, Robert M, additional, Jiang, Xiaoming, additional, Studzinska, Anna, additional, Dumbravă, Andrei, additional, Misiak, Michał, additional, Tran, Ulrich S., additional, Felisberti, Fatima Maria, additional, Nagy, Tamas, additional, Gunaydin, Gul, additional, Buchanan, Erin Michelle, additional, Miranda, Jacob Francisco, additional, Behnke, Maciej, additional, Akin, Karen, additional, Berkessel, Jana, additional, Johnson, David Charles, additional, Morariu, Roxana E., additional, Wu, Yang, additional, Godbersen, Hendrik, additional, Edlund, John, additional, Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, Amélie, additional, Martin, Doug, additional, Salvador, Cristina, additional, Norman, Jasmine B, additional, Batres, Carlota, additional, Kutuk, Bahtim, additional, Szumowska, Ewa, additional, Storage, Daniel, additional, Bouguettaya, Ayoub, additional, Lins, Samuel, additional, Voracek, Martin, additional, Trémolière, Bastien, additional, Cyrus-Lai, Wilson, additional, Alzahawi, Shilaan, additional, Tavel, Petr, additional, Anderson, Leif Douglas, additional, Röer, Jan Philipp, additional, Malinakova, Klara, additional, KARABABA, Alper, additional, Walczak, Radoslaw B., additional, Ribeiro, Gianni, additional, Sarı, Erkin, additional, Pypno, Katarzyna, additional, Paruzel-Czachura, Mariola, additional, Travaglino, Giovanni A., additional, Neta, Maital, additional, Vaidis, David C., additional, Lu, Jackson G., additional, Tatachari, Srinivasan, additional, Camgöz, Selin Metin, additional, Lockwood, Patricia, additional, Mitkidis, Panagiotis, additional, Lin, Wenzheng, additional, Rathje, Steve, additional, van Lent, Tjits, additional, Greijdanus, Hedy, additional, Faure, Ruddy, additional, Lamm, Claus, additional, Brick, Cameron, additional, Zhao, Xian, additional, Aquino, Sibele Dias, additional, Ulloa Fulgeri, Jose Luis, additional, Walker, Bradley, additional, Malecki, W. P., additional, Lou, Nigel Mantou, additional, Pizziol, Veronica, additional, Kuzminska, Anna O., additional, Schepisi, Michael, additional, Adıgüzel, Arca, additional, Karadeniz, Gizem, additional, Yücel, Emine, additional, Isloi, Chris, additional, Chwiłkowska, Patrycja, additional, Yu, Zhaoliang, additional, Fay, Nicolas, additional, Papaioannou, Kostas, additional, Peker, Mhmet, additional, Huang, Guanxiong, additional, El-Haddad, Rita W., additional, Verschuere, Bruno, additional, Meier, Zdenek, additional, Vaughn, Leigh Ann, additional, Albayrak-Aydemir, Nihan, additional, Ciesla, Kylie L, additional, Stieger, Stefan, additional, Çoksan, Sami, additional, Bijlstra, Gijsbert, additional, Alves, Sara Gouveia, additional, Hartanto, Andree, additional, Mallik, Peter Robert, additional, Jami, Waleed, additional, Chen, Rong, additional, Fellnhofer, Katharina, additional, Marcu, Gabriela Mariana, additional, Batalha, Luisa, additional, Kocalar, Halil Emre, additional, Vieira, Luc, additional, Gleibs, Ilka Helene, additional, Sharifian, MohammadHasan, additional, Hadjisolomou, Stavros P., additional, Riva, Paolo, additional, Sirota, Miroslav, additional, Novák, Lukas, additional, Sorokowski, Piotr, additional, Li, Yansong, additional, and Dunham, Yarrow, additional

Published
2024
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25. A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Wang, Ke, Goldenberg, Amit, Dorison, Charles A., Miller, Jeremy K., Uusberg, Andero, Lerner, Jennifer S., Gross, James J., Agesin, Bamikole Bamikole, Bernardo, Márcia, Campos, Olatz, Eudave, Luis, Grzech, Karolina, Ozery, Daphna Hausman, Jackson, Emily A., Garcia, Elkin Oswaldo Luis, Drexler, Shira Meir, Jurković, Anita Penić, Rana, Kafeel, Wilson, John Paul, Antoniadi, Maria, Desai, Kermeka, Gialitaki, Zoi, Kushnir, Elizaveta, Nadif, Khaoula, Bravo, Olalla Niño, Nauman, Rafia, Oosterlinck, Marlies, Pantazi, Myrto, Pilecka, Natalia, Szabelska, Anna, van Steenkiste, I. M. M., Filip, Katarzyna, Bozdoc, Andreea Ioana, Marcu, Gabriela Mariana, Agadullina, Elena, Adamkovič, Matúš, Roczniewska, Marta, Reyna, Cecilia, Kassianos, Angelos P., Westerlund, Minja, Ahlgren, Lina, Pöntinen, Sara, Adetula, Gabriel Agboola, Dursun, Pinar, Arinze, Azuka Ikechukwu, Arinze, Nwadiogo Chisom, Ogbonnaya, Chisom Esther, Ndukaihe, Izuchukwu L. G., Dalgar, Ilker, Akkas, Handan, Macapagal, Paulo Manuel, Lewis, Savannah, Metin-Orta, Irem, Foroni, Francesco, Willis, Megan, Santos, Anabela Caetano, Mokady, Aviv, Reggev, Niv, Kurfali, Merve A., Vasilev, Martin R., Nock, Nora L., Parzuchowski, Michal, Espinoza Barría, Mauricio F., Vranka, Marek, Kohlová, Markéta Braun, Ropovik, Ivan, Harutyunyan, Mikayel, Wang, Chunhui, Yao, Elvin, Becker, Maja, Manunta, Efisio, Kaminski, Gwenael, Boudesseu, Jordane, Marko, Dafne, Evans, Kortnee, Lewis, David M. G., Findor, Andrej, Landry, Anais Thibault, Aruta, John Jamir Benzon, Ortiz, Manuel S., Vally, Zahir, Pronizius, Ekaterina, Voracek, Martin, Lamm, Claus, Grinberg, Maurice, Li, Ranran, Valentova, Jaroslava Varella, Mioni, Giovanna, Cellini, Nicola, Chen, Sau-Chin, Zickfeld, Janis, Moon, Karis, Azab, Habiba, Levy, Neil, Karababa, Alper, Beaudry, Jennifer L., Boucher, Leanne, Collins, W. Matthew, Todsen, Anna Louise, van Schie, Kevin, Vintr, Jáchym, Bavolar, Jozef, Kaliska, Lada, Križanić, Valerija, Samojlenko, Lara, Pourafshari, Razieh, Geiger, Sandra J., Beitner, Julia, Warmelink, Lara, Ross, Robert M., Stephen, Ian D., Hostler, Thomas J., Azouaghe, Soufian, McCarthy, Randy, Szala, Anna, Grano, Caterina, Solorzano, Claudio Singh, Anjum, Gulnaz, Jimenez-Leal, William, Bradford, Maria, Pérez, Laura Calderón, Cruz Vásquez, Julio E., Galindo-Caballero, Oscar J., Vargas-Nieto, Juan Camilo, Kácha, Ondřej, Arvanitis, Alexios, Xiao, Qinyu, Cárcamo, Rodrigo, Zorjan, Saša, Tajchman, Zuzanna, Vilares, Iris, Pavlacic, Jeffrey M., Kunst, Jonas R., Tamnes, Christian K., von Bastian, Claudia C., Atari, Mohammad, Sharifian, MohammadHasan, Hricova, Monika, Kačmár, Pavol, Schrötter, Jana, Rahal, Rima-Maria, Cohen, Noga, FatahModares, Saeideh, Zrimsek, Miha, Zakharov, Ilya, Koehn, Monica A., Esteban-Serna, Celia, Calin-Jageman, Robert J., Krafnick, Anthony J., Štrukelj, Eva, Isager, Peder Mortvedt, Urban, Jan, Silva, Jaime R., Martončik, Marcel, Očovaj, Sanja Batić, Šakan, Dušana, Kuzminska, Anna O., Djordjevic, Jasna Milosevic, Almeida, Inês A. T., Ferreira, Ana, Lazarevic, Ljiljana B., Manley, Harry, Ricaurte, Danilo Zambrano, Monteiro, Renan P., Etabari, Zahra, Musser, Erica, Dunleavy, Daniel, Chou, Weilun, Godbersen, Hendrik, Ruiz-Fernández, Susana, Reeck, Crystal, Batres, Carlota, Kirgizova, Komila, Muminov, Abdumalik, Azevedo, Flavio, Alvarez, Daniela Serrato, Butt, Muhammad Mussaffa, Lee, Jeong Min, Chen, Zhang, Verbruggen, Frederick, Ziano, Ignazio, Tümer, Murat, Charyate, Abdelilah C. A., Dubrov, Dmitrii, Tejada Rivera, María del Carmen M. C., Aberson, Christopher, Pálfi, Bence, Maldonado, Mónica Alarcón, Hubena, Barbora, Sacakli, Asli, Ceary, Chris D., Richard, Karley L., Singer, Gage, Perillo, Jennifer T., Ballantyne, Tonia, Cyrus-Lai, Wilson, Fedotov, Maksim, Du, Hongfei, Wielgus, Magdalena, Pit, Ilse L., Hruška, Matej, Sousa, Daniela, Aczel, Balazs, Hajdu, Nandor, Szaszi, Barnabas, Adamus, Sylwia, Barzykowski, Krystian, Micheli, Leticia, Schmidt, Nadya-Daniela, Zsido, Andras N., Paruzel-Czachura, Mariola, Muda, Rafał, Bialek, Michal, Kowal, Marta, Sorokowska, Agnieszka, Misiak, Michal, Mola, Débora, Ortiz, María Victoria, Correa, Pablo Sebastián, Belaus, Anabel, Muchembled, Fany, Ribeiro, Rafael R., Arriaga, Patricia, Oliveira, Raquel, Vaughn, Leigh Ann, Szwed, Paulina, Kossowska, Małgorzata, Czarnek, Gabriela, Kielińska, Julita, Antazo, Benedict, Betlehem, Ruben, Stieger, Stefan, Nilsonne, Gustav, Simonovic, Nicolle, Taber, Jennifer, Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, Amélie, Domurat, Artur, Ihaya, Keiko, Yamada, Yuki, Urooj, Anum, Gill, Tripat, Čadek, Martin, Bylinina, Lisa, Messerschmidt, Johanna, Kurfalı, Murathan, Adetula, Adeyemi, Baklanova, Ekaterina, Albayrak-Aydemir, Nihan, Kappes, Heather B., Gjoneska, Biljana, House, Thea, Jones, Marc V., Berkessel, Jana B., Chopik, William J., Çoksan, Sami, Seehuus, Martin, Khaoudi, Ahmed, Bokkour, Ahmed, El Arabi, Kanza Ait, Djamai, Ikhlas, Iyer, Aishwarya, Parashar, Neha, Adiguzel, Arca, Kocalar, Halil Emre, Bundt, Carsten, Norton, James O., Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta, De la Rosa-Gomez, Anabel, Ankushev, Vladislav, Bogatyreva, Natalia, Grigoryev, Dmitry, Ivanov, Aleksandr, Prusova, Irina, Romanova, Marina, Sarieva, Irena, Terskova, Maria, Hristova, Evgeniya, Kadreva, Veselina Hristova, Janak, Allison, Schei, Vidar, Sverdrup, Therese E., Askelund, Adrian Dahl, Pineda, Lina Maria Sanabria, Krupić, Dajana, Levitan, Carmel A., Johannes, Niklas, Ouherrou, Nihal, Say, Nicolas, Sinkolova, Sladjana, Janjić, Kristina, Stojanovska, Marija, Stojanovska, Dragana, Khosla, Meetu, Thomas, Andrew G., Kung, Franki Y. H., Bijlstra, Gijsbert, Mosannenzadeh, Farnaz, Balci, Busra Bahar, Reips, Ulf-Dietrich, Baskin, Ernest, Ishkhanyan, Byurakn, Czamanski-Cohen, Johanna, Dixson, Barnaby James Wyld, Moreau, David, Sutherland, Clare A. M., Chuan-Peng, Hu, Noone, Chris, Flowe, Heather, Anne, Michele, Janssen, Steve M. J., Topor, Marta, Majeed, Nadyanna M., Kunisato, Yoshihiko, Yu, Karen, Daches, Shimrit, Hartanto, Andree, Vdovic, Milica, Anton-Boicuk, Lisa, Forbes, Paul A. G., Kamburidis, Julia, Marinova, Evelina, Nedelcheva-Datsova, Mina, Rachev, Nikolay R., Stoyanova, Alina, Schmidt, Kathleen, Suchow, Jordan W., Koptjevskaja-Tamm, Maria, Jernsäther, Teodor, Olofsson, Jonas K., Bialobrzeska, Olga, Marszalek, Magdalena, Tatachari, Srinivasan, Afhami, Reza, Law, Wilbert, Antfolk, Jan, Žuro, Barbara, Van Doren, Natalia, Soto, Jose A., Searston, Rachel, Miranda, Jacob, Damnjanović, Kaja, Yeung, Siu Kit, Krupić, Dino, Hoyer, Karlijn, Jaeger, Bastian, Ren, Dongning, Pfuhl, Gerit, Klevjer, Kristoffer, Corral-Frías, Nadia S., Frias-Armenta, Martha, Lucas, Marc Y., Torres, Adriana Olaya, Toro, Mónica, Delgado, Lady Grey Javela, Vega, Diego, Solas, Sara Álvarez, Vilar, Roosevelt, Massoni, Sébastien, Frizzo, Thomas, Bran, Alexandre, Vaidis, David C., Vieira, Luc, Paris, Bastien, Capizzi, Mariagrazia, Coelho, Gabriel Lins de Holanda, Greenburgh, Anna, Whitt, Cassie M., Tullett, Alexa M., Du, Xinkai, Volz, Leonhard, Bosma, Minke Jasmijn, Karaarslan, Cemre, Sarıoğuz, Eylül, Allred, Tara Bulut, Korbmacher, Max, Colloff, Melissa F., Lima, Tiago J. S., Ribeiro, Matheus Fernando Felix, Verharen, Jeroen P. H., Karekla, Maria, Karashiali, Christiana, Sunami, Naoyuki, Jaremka, Lisa M., Storage, Daniel, Habib, Sumaiya, Studzinska, Anna, Hanel, Paul H. P., Holford, Dawn Liu, Sirota, Miroslav, Wolfe, Kelly, Chiu, Faith, Theodoropoulou, Andriana, Ahn, El Rim, Lin, Yijun, Westgate, Erin C., Brohmer, Hilmar, Hofer, Gabriela, Dujols, Olivier, Vezirian, Kevin, Feldman, Gilad, Travaglino, Giovanni A., Ahmed, Afroja, Li, Manyu, Bosch, Jasmijn, Torunsky, Nathan, Bai, Hui, Manavalan, Mathi, Song, Xin, Walczak, Radoslaw B., Zdybek, Przemysław, Friedemann, Maja, Rosa, Anna Dalla, Kozma, Luca, Alves, Sara G., Lins, Samuel, Pinto, Isabel R., Correia, Rita C., Babinčák, Peter, Banik, Gabriel, Rojas-Berscia, Luis Miguel, Varella, Marco A. C., Uttley, Jim, Beshears, Julie E., Thommesen, Katrine Krabbe, Behzadnia, Behzad, Geniole, Shawn N., Silan, Miguel A., Maturan, Princess Lovella G., Vilsmeier, Johannes K., Tran, Ulrich S., Izquierdo, Sara Morales, Mensink, Michael C., Sorokowski, Piotr, Groyecka-Bernard, Agata, Radtke, Theda, Adoric, Vera Cubela, Carpentier, Joelle, Özdoğru, Asil Ali, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A., Hedgebeth, Mattie V., Ishii, Tatsunori, Wichman, Aaron L., Röer, Jan Philipp, Ostermann, Thomas, Davis, William E., Suter, Lilian, Papachristopoulos, Konstantinos, Zabel, Chelsea, Onie, Sandersan, Ebersole, Charles R., Chartier, Christopher R., Mallik, Peter R., Urry, Heather L., Buchanan, Erin M., Coles, Nicholas A., Primbs, Maximilian A., Basnight-Brown, Dana M., IJzerman, Hans, Forscher, Patrick S., and Moshontz, Hannah

Published
2021
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26. Multi-model simulations of aerosol and ozone radiative forcing due to anthropogenic emission changes during the period 1990–2015

Author

Myhre, G, Aas, W, Cherian, R, Collins, W, Faluvegi, G, Flanner, M, Forster, P, Hodnebrog, Ø, Klimont, Z, Lund, MT, Mülmenstädt, J, Lund Myhre, C, Olivié, D, Prather, M, Quaas, J, Samset, BH, Schnell, JL, Schulz, M, Shindell, D, Skeie, RB, Takemura, T, and Tsyro, S

Subjects
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Atmospheric Sciences, Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract

Over the past few decades, the geographical distribution of emissions of substances that alter the atmospheric energy balance has changed due to economic growth and air pollution regulations. Here, we show the resulting changes to aerosol and ozone abundances and their radiative forcing using recently updated emission data for the period 1990-2015, as simulated by seven global atmospheric composition models. The models broadly reproduce large-scale changes in surface aerosol and ozone based on observations (e.g.-1 to-3%yr-1 in aerosols over the USA and Europe). The global mean radiative forcing due to ozone and aerosol changes over the 1990-2015 period increased by +0.17±0.08Wm-2, with approximately one-third due to ozone. This increase is more strongly positive than that reported in IPCC AR5. The main reasons for the increased positive radiative forcing of aerosols over this period are the substantial reduction of global mean SO2 emissions, which is stronger in the new emission inventory compared to that used in the IPCC analysis, and higher black carbon emissions.

Published
2017

27. An independent assessment of anthropogenic attribution statements for recent extreme temperature and rainfall events

Author

Angélil, O, Stone, D, Wehner, M, Paciorek, CJ, Krishnan, H, and Collins, W

Subjects
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Atmospheric Sciences, Oceanography, Geomatic Engineering
Abstract

The annual "State of the Climate" report, published in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society (BAMS), has included a supplement since 2011 composed of brief analyses of the human influence on recent major extreme weather events. There are now several dozen extreme weather events examined in these supplements, but these studies have all differed in their data sources as well as their approaches to defining the events, analyzing the events, and the consideration of the role of anthropogenic emissions. This study reexamines most of these events using a single analytical approach and a single set of climate model and observational data sources. In response to recent studies recommending the importance of using multiple methods for extreme weather event attribution, results are compared from these analyses to those reported in the BAMS supplements collectively, with the aim of characterizing the degree to which the lack of a common methodological framework may or may not influence overall conclusions. Results are broadly similar to those reported earlier for extreme temperature events but disagree for a number of extreme precipitation events. Based on this, it is advised that the lack of comprehensive uncertainty analysis in recent extreme weather attribution studies is important and should be considered when interpreting results, but as yet it has not introduced a systematic bias across these studies.

Published
2017

30. Risk of Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation With COVID-19 Varies by Strain

Author

Ogbutor, K., primary, Moore, A.R., additional, Roque, J., additional, Lebold, K., additional, Pacheco-Navarro, A., additional, Cao, C.X., additional, Joshi, M., additional, O'Donnell, C., additional, Pienkos, S., additional, Sanchez, P.A., additional, Battu, S., additional, Levitt, J.E., additional, Wilson, J., additional, Collins, W., additional, and Rogers, A., additional

Published
2024
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31. Outcomes of Immunocompromised and Non-immunocompromised Patients in the Intensive Care Unit Differ Depending on COVID Strain

Author

Battu, S., primary, Moore, A.R., additional, Parmer-Chow, C., additional, Roque, J., additional, Pacheco-Navarro, A., additional, Lebold, K., additional, Pienkos, S., additional, O'Donnell, C., additional, Sanchez, P.A., additional, Wilson, J., additional, Levitt, J.E., additional, Collins, W., additional, and Rogers, A., additional

Published
2024
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32. Author Correction: A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Wang, Ke, Goldenberg, Amit, Dorison, Charles A., Miller, Jeremy K., Uusberg, Andero, Lerner, Jennifer S., Gross, James J., Agesin, Bamikole Bamikole, Bernardo, Márcia, Campos, Olatz, Eudave, Luis, Grzech, Karolina, Ozery, Daphna Hausman, Jackson, Emily A., Garcia, Elkin Oswaldo Luis, Drexler, Shira Meir, Jurković, Anita Penić, Rana, Kafeel, Wilson, John Paul, Antoniadi, Maria, Desai, Kermeka, Gialitaki, Zoi, Kushnir, Elizaveta, Nadif, Khaoula, Bravo, Olalla Niño, Nauman, Rafia, Oosterlinck, Marlies, Pantazi, Myrto, Pilecka, Natalia, Szabelska, Anna, van Steenkiste, I. M. M., Filip, Katarzyna, Bozdoc, Andreea Ioana, Marcu, Gabriela Mariana, Agadullina, Elena, Adamkovič, Matúš, Roczniewska, Marta, Reyna, Cecilia, Kassianos, Angelos P., Westerlund, Minja, Ahlgren, Lina, Pöntinen, Sara, Adetula, Gabriel Agboola, Dursun, Pinar, Arinze, Azuka Ikechukwu, Arinze, Nwadiogo Chisom, Ogbonnaya, Chisom Esther, Ndukaihe, Izuchukwu L. G., Dalgar, Ilker, Akkas, Handan, Macapagal, Paulo Manuel, Lewis, Savannah, Metin-Orta, Irem, Foroni, Francesco, Willis, Megan, Santos, Anabela Caetano, Mokady, Aviv, Reggev, Niv, Kurfali, Merve A., Vasilev, Martin R., Nock, Nora L., Parzuchowski, Michal, Espinoza Barría, Mauricio F., Vranka, Marek, Kohlová, Markéta Braun, Ropovik, Ivan, Harutyunyan, Mikayel, Wang, Chunhui, Yao, Elvin, Becker, Maja, Manunta, Efisio, Kaminski, Gwenael, Boudesseul, Jordane, Marko, Dafne, Evans, Kortnee, Lewis, David M. G., Findor, Andrej, Landry, Anais Thibault, Aruta, John Jamir Benzon, Ortiz, Manuel S., Vally, Zahir, Pronizius, Ekaterina, Voracek, Martin, Lamm, Claus, Grinberg, Maurice, Li, Ranran, Valentova, Jaroslava Varella, Mioni, Giovanna, Cellini, Nicola, Chen, Sau-Chin, Zickfeld, Janis, Moon, Karis, Azab, Habiba, Levy, Neil, Karababa, Alper, Beaudry, Jennifer L., Boucher, Leanne, Collins, W. Matthew, Todsen, Anna Louise, van Schie, Kevin, Vintr, Jáchym, Bavolar, Jozef, Kaliska, Lada, Križanić, Valerija, Samojlenko, Lara, Pourafshari, Razieh, Geiger, Sandra J., Beitner, Julia, Warmelink, Lara, Ross, Robert M., Stephen, Ian D., Hostler, Thomas J., Azouaghe, Soufian, McCarthy, Randy, Szala, Anna, Grano, Caterina, Solorzano, Claudio Singh, Anjum, Gulnaz, Jimenez-Leal, William, Bradford, Maria, Pérez, Laura Calderón, Cruz Vásquez, Julio E., Galindo-Caballero, Oscar J., Vargas-Nieto, Juan Camilo, Kácha, Ondřej, Arvanitis, Alexios, Xiao, Qinyu, Cárcamo, Rodrigo, Zorjan, Saša, Tajchman, Zuzanna, Vilares, Iris, Pavlacic, Jeffrey M., Kunst, Jonas R., Tamnes, Christian K., von Bastian, Claudia C., Atari, Mohammad, Sharifian, MohammadHasan, Hricova, Monika, Kačmár, Pavol, Schrötter, Jana, Rahal, Rima-Maria, Cohen, Noga, FatahModares, Saeideh, Zrimsek, Miha, Zakharov, Ilya, Koehn, Monica A., Esteban-Serna, Celia, Calin-Jageman, Robert J., Krafnick, Anthony J., Štrukelj, Eva, Isager, Peder Mortvedt, Urban, Jan, Silva, Jaime R., Martončik, Marcel, Očovaj, Sanja Batić, Šakan, Dušana, Kuzminska, Anna O., Djordjevic, Jasna Milosevic, Almeida, Inês A. T., Ferreira, Ana, Lazarevic, Ljiljana B., Manley, Harry, Ricaurte, Danilo Zambrano, Monteiro, Renan P., Etabari, Zahra, Musser, Erica, Dunleavy, Daniel, Chou, Weilun, Godbersen, Hendrik, Ruiz-Fernández, Susana, Reeck, Crystal, Batres, Carlota, Kirgizova, Komila, Muminov, Abdumalik, Azevedo, Flavio, Alvarez, Daniela Serrato, Butt, Muhammad Mussaffa, Lee, Jeong Min, Chen, Zhang, Verbruggen, Frederick, Ziano, Ignazio, Tümer, Murat, Charyate, Abdelilah C. A., Dubrov, Dmitrii, Tejada Rivera, María del Carmen M. C., Aberson, Christopher, Pálfi, Bence, Maldonado, Mónica Alarcón, Hubena, Barbora, Sacakli, Asli, Ceary, Chris D., Richard, Karley L., Singer, Gage, Perillo, Jennifer T., Ballantyne, Tonia, Cyrus-Lai, Wilson, Fedotov, Maksim, Du, Hongfei, Wielgus, Magdalena, Pit, Ilse L., Hruška, Matej, Sousa, Daniela, Aczel, Balazs, Hajdu, Nandor, Szaszi, Barnabas, Adamus, Sylwia, Barzykowski, Krystian, Micheli, Leticia, Schmidt, Nadya-Daniela, Zsido, Andras N., Paruzel-Czachura, Mariola, Muda, Rafał, Bialek, Michal, Kowal, Marta, Sorokowska, Agnieszka, Misiak, Michal, Mola, Débora, Ortiz, María Victoria, Correa, Pablo Sebastián, Belaus, Anabel, Muchembled, Fany, Ribeiro, Rafael R., Arriaga, Patricia, Oliveira, Raquel, Vaughn, Leigh Ann, Szwed, Paulina, Kossowska, Małgorzata, Czarnek, Gabriela, Kielińska, Julita, Antazo, Benedict, Betlehem, Ruben, Stieger, Stefan, Nilsonne, Gustav, Simonovic, Nicolle, Taber, Jennifer, Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, Amélie, Domurat, Artur, Ihaya, Keiko, Yamada, Yuki, Urooj, Anum, Gill, Tripat, Čadek, Martin, Bylinina, Lisa, Messerschmidt, Johanna, Kurfalı, Murathan, Adetula, Adeyemi, Baklanova, Ekaterina, Albayrak-Aydemir, Nihan, Kappes, Heather B., Gjoneska, Biljana, House, Thea, Jones, Marc V., Berkessel, Jana B., Chopik, William J., Çoksan, Sami, Seehuus, Martin, Khaoudi, Ahmed, Bokkour, Ahmed, El Arabi, Kanza Ait, Djamai, Ikhlas, Iyer, Aishwarya, Parashar, Neha, Adiguzel, Arca, Kocalar, Halil Emre, Bundt, Carsten, Norton, James O., Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta, De la Rosa-Gomez, Anabel, Ankushev, Vladislav, Bogatyreva, Natalia, Grigoryev, Dmitry, Ivanov, Aleksandr, Prusova, Irina, Romanova, Marina, Sarieva, Irena, Terskova, Maria, Hristova, Evgeniya, Kadreva, Veselina Hristova, Janak, Allison, Schei, Vidar, Sverdrup, Therese E., Askelund, Adrian Dahl, Pineda, Lina Maria Sanabria, Krupić, Dajana, Levitan, Carmel A., Johannes, Niklas, Ouherrou, Nihal, Say, Nicolas, Sinkolova, Sladjana, Janjić, Kristina, Stojanovska, Marija, Stojanovska, Dragana, Khosla, Meetu, Thomas, Andrew G., Kung, Franki Y. H., Bijlstra, Gijsbert, Mosannenzadeh, Farnaz, Balci, Busra Bahar, Reips, Ulf-Dietrich, Baskin, Ernest, Ishkhanyan, Byurakn, Czamanski-Cohen, Johanna, Dixson, Barnaby James Wyld, Moreau, David, Sutherland, Clare A. M., Chuan-Peng, Hu, Noone, Chris, Flowe, Heather, Anne, Michele, Janssen, Steve M. J., Topor, Marta, Majeed, Nadyanna M., Kunisato, Yoshihiko, Yu, Karen, Daches, Shimrit, Hartanto, Andree, Vdovic, Milica, Anton-Boicuk, Lisa, Forbes, Paul A. G., Kamburidis, Julia, Marinova, Evelina, Nedelcheva-Datsova, Mina, Rachev, Nikolay R., Stoyanova, Alina, Schmidt, Kathleen, Suchow, Jordan W., Koptjevskaja-Tamm, Maria, Jernsäther, Teodor, Olofsson, Jonas K., Bialobrzeska, Olga, Marszalek, Magdalena, Tatachari, Srinivasan, Afhami, Reza, Law, Wilbert, Antfolk, Jan, Žuro, Barbara, Van Doren, Natalia, Soto, Jose A., Searston, Rachel, Miranda, Jacob, Damnjanović, Kaja, Yeung, Siu Kit, Krupić, Dino, Hoyer, Karlijn, Jaeger, Bastian, Ren, Dongning, Pfuhl, Gerit, Klevjer, Kristoffer, Corral-Frías, Nadia S., Frias-Armenta, Martha, Lucas, Marc Y., Torres, Adriana Olaya, Toro, Mónica, Delgado, Lady Grey Javela, Vega, Diego, Solas, Sara Álvarez, Vilar, Roosevelt, Massoni, Sébastien, Frizzo, Thomas, Bran, Alexandre, Vaidis, David C., Vieira, Luc, Paris, Bastien, Capizzi, Mariagrazia, Coelho, Gabriel Lins de Holanda, Greenburgh, Anna, Whitt, Cassie M., Tullett, Alexa M., Du, Xinkai, Volz, Leonhard, Bosma, Minke Jasmijn, Karaarslan, Cemre, Sarıoğuz, Eylül, Allred, Tara Bulut, Korbmacher, Max, Colloff, Melissa F., Lima, Tiago J. S., Ribeiro, Matheus Fernando Felix, Verharen, Jeroen P. H., Karekla, Maria, Karashiali, Christiana, Sunami, Naoyuki, Jaremka, Lisa M., Storage, Daniel, Habib, Sumaiya, Studzinska, Anna, Hanel, Paul H. P., Holford, Dawn Liu, Sirota, Miroslav, Wolfe, Kelly, Chiu, Faith, Theodoropoulou, Andriana, Ahn, El Rim, Lin, Yijun, Westgate, Erin C., Brohmer, Hilmar, Hofer, Gabriela, Dujols, Olivier, Vezirian, Kevin, Feldman, Gilad, Travaglino, Giovanni A., Ahmed, Afroja, Li, Manyu, Bosch, Jasmijn, Torunsky, Nathan, Bai, Hui, Manavalan, Mathi, Song, Xin, Walczak, Radoslaw B., Zdybek, Przemysław, Friedemann, Maja, Rosa, Anna Dalla, Kozma, Luca, Alves, Sara G., Lins, Samuel, Pinto, Isabel R., Correia, Rita C., Babinčák, Peter, Banik, Gabriel, Rojas-Berscia, Luis Miguel, Varella, Marco A. C., Uttley, Jim, Beshears, Julie E., Thommesen, Katrine Krabbe, Behzadnia, Behzad, Geniole, Shawn N., Silan, Miguel A., Maturan, Princess Lovella G., Vilsmeier, Johannes K., Tran, Ulrich S., Izquierdo, Sara Morales, Mensink, Michael C., Sorokowski, Piotr, Groyecka-Bernard, Agata, Radtke, Theda, Adoric, Vera Cubela, Carpentier, Joelle, Özdoğru, Asil Ali, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A., Hedgebeth, Mattie V., Ishii, Tatsunori, Wichman, Aaron L., Röer, Jan Philipp, Ostermann, Thomas, Davis, William E., Suter, Lilian, Papachristopoulos, Konstantinos, Zabel, Chelsea, Onie, Sandersan, Ebersole, Charles R., Chartier, Christopher R., Mallik, Peter R., Urry, Heather L., Buchanan, Erin M., Coles, Nicholas A., Primbs, Maximilian A., Basnight-Brown, Dana M., IJzerman, Hans, Forscher, Patrick S., and Moshontz, Hannah

Published
2022
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34. The Impact of Reading at Rapid Rates on Inference Generation

Author

Collins, W. Matthew and Daniel, Frances

Abstract

Aims: Speed reading is advertised as a way to increase reading speed without any loss in comprehension. However, research on speed reading has indicated that comprehension suffers as reading speed increases. We were specifically interested in how processes of inference generation were affected by speed reading. Methods: We examined how reading speed influenced inference generation in typical readers, trained speed readers and participants trained to skim read passages. Passages either strongly or weakly promoted a bridging or predictive inference. After reading, participants performed a lexical decision task on either a nonword, neutral or inference-related word. Results: Typical readers responded to strong and weak inference words faster than neutral words. There were no statistical differences in reaction time between inference-related and neutral words for speed and skim readers. Conclusions: These findings provide no substantive evidence that the appropriate inferences are generated when reading at rapid speeds. Thus, speed reading may be detrimental to normal integrative comprehension processes.

Published
2018
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35. Assessing future nitrogen deposition and carbon cycle feedback using a multimodel approach: Analysis of nitrogen deposition

Author

Lamarque, J.-F., Kiehl, J. T., Brasseur, G. P., Butler, T., Cameron-Smith, P., Collins, W. D., Collins, W. J., Granier, C., Hauglustaine, D., Hess, P. G., Holland, E. A., Horowitz, L., Lawrence, M. G., McKenna, D., Rasch, P. J., Rotman, D., Merilees, P., Prather, M. J., Shindell, D., and Thornton, P.

Subjects
atmospheric chemistry, atmospheric deposition, nitrogen
Abstract

n this study, we present the results of nitrogen deposition on land from a set of 29 simulations from six different tropospheric chemistry models pertaining to present-day and 2100 conditions. Nitrogen deposition refers here to the deposition (wet and dry) of all nitrogen-containing gas phase chemical species resulting from NOx (NO + NO2) emissions. We show that under the assumed IPCC SRES A2 scenario the global annual average nitrogen deposition over land is expected to increase by a factor of ∼2.5, mostly because of the increase in nitrogen emissions. This will significantly expand the areas with annual average deposition exceeding 1 gN/m2/year. Using the results from all models, we have documented the strong linear relationship between models on the fraction of the nitrogen emissions that is deposited, regardless of the emissions (present day or 2100). On average, approximately 70% of the emitted nitrogen is deposited over the landmasses. For present-day conditions the results from this study suggest that the deposition over land ranges between 25 and 40 Tg(N)/year. By 2100, under the A2 scenario, the deposition over the continents is expected to range between 60 and 100 Tg(N)/year. Over forests the deposition is expected to increase from 10 Tg(N)/year to 20 Tg(N)/year. In 2100 the nitrogen deposition changes from changes in the climate account for much less than the changes from increased nitrogen emissions.

Published
2005

39. THE BETTER BEGINNINGS, BETTER FUTURES PROJECT: FINDINGS FROM GRADE 3 TO GRADE 9

Author

De V. Peters, Ray, Bradshaw, Alison J., Petrunka, Kelly, Nelson, Geoffrey, Herry, Yves, Craig, Wendy M., Arnold, Robert, Parker, Kevin C. H., Khan, Shahriar R., Hoch, Jeffrey S., Pancer, S. Mark, Loomis, Colleen, Bélanger, Jean-Marc, Evers, Susan, Maltais, Claire, Thompson, Katherine, Rossiter, Melissa D., and Collins, W. Andrew

Published
2010

43. Preindustrial to present-day changes in tropospheric hydroxyl radical and methane lifetime from the Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Model Intercomparison Project (ACCMIP)

Author

Naik, V., Voulgarakis, A., Fiore, A. M, Horowitz, L. W, Lamarque, J.-F., Lin, M., Prather, M. J, Young, P. J, Bergmann, D., Cameron-Smith, P. J, Cionni, I., Collins, W. J, Dalsoren, S. B, Doherty, R., Eyring, V., Faluvegi, G., Folberth, G. A, Josse, B., Lee, Y. H, MacKenzie, I. A, Nagashima, T., van Noije, T. P. C, Plummer, D. A, Righi, M., Rumbold, S. T, Skeie, R., Shindell, D. T, Stevenson, D. S, Strode, S., Sudo, K., Szopa, S., and Zeng, G.

Subjects
atmospheric chemistry, climate change, climate modeling, hydroxyl radical, methane, photolysis, radiative forcing, stratosphere, troposphere
Abstract

We have analysed time-slice simulations from 17 global models, participating in the Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Model Intercomparison Project (ACCMIP), to explore changes in present-day (2000) hydroxyl radical (OH) concentration and methane (CH4) lifetime relative to preindustrial times (1850) and to 1980. A comparison of modeled and observation-derived methane and methyl chloroform lifetimes suggests that the present-day global multi-model mean OH concentration is overestimated by 5 to 10% but is within the range of uncertainties. The models consistently simulate higher OH concentrations in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) compared with the Southern Hemisphere (SH) for the present-day (2000; inter-hemispheric ratios of 1.13 to 1.42), in contrast to observation-based approaches which generally indicate higher OH in the SH although uncertainties are large. Evaluation of simulated carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations, the primary sink for OH, against ground-based and satellite observations suggests low biases in the NH that may contribute to the high north–south OH asymmetry in the models. The models vary widely in their regional distribution of present-day OH concentrations (up to 34%). Despite large regional changes, the multi-model global mean (mass-weighted) OH concentration changes little over the past 150 yr, due to concurrent increases in factors that enhance OH (humidity, tropospheric ozone, nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions, and UV radiation due to decreases in stratospheric ozone), compensated by increases in OH sinks (methane abundance, carbon monoxide and non-methane volatile organic carbon (NMVOC) emissions). The large inter-model diversity in the sign and magnitude of preindustrial to present-day OH changes (ranging from a decrease of 12.7% to an increase of 14.6%) indicate that uncertainty remains in our understanding of the long-term trends in OH and methane lifetime. We show that this diversity is largely explained by the different ratio of the change in global mean tropospheric CO and NOx burdens (ΔCO/ΔNOx, approximately represents changes in OH sinks versus changes in OH sources) in the models, pointing to a need for better constraints on natural precursor emissions and on the chemical mechanisms in the current generation of chemistry-climate models. For the 1980 to 2000 period, we find that climate warming and a slight increase in mean OH (3.5 ± 2.2%) leads to a 4.3 ± 1.9% decrease in the methane lifetime. Analysing sensitivity simulations performed by 10 models, we find that preindustrial to present-day climate change decreased the methane lifetime by about four months, representing a negative feedback on the climate system. Further, we analysed attribution experiments performed by a subset of models relative to 2000 conditions with only one precursor at a time set to 1860 levels. We find that global mean OH increased by 46.4 ± 12.2% in response to preindustrial to present-day anthropogenic NOx emission increases, and decreased by 17.3 ± 2.3%, 7.6 ± 1.5%, and 3.1 ± 3.0% due to methane burden, and anthropogenic CO, and NMVOC emissions increases, respectively.

Published
2013

44. Analysis of present day and future OH and methane lifetime in the ACCMIP simulations

Author

Voulgarakis, A., Naik, V., Lamarque, J.-F., Shindell, D. T, Young, P. J, Prather, M. J, Wild, O., Field, R. D, Bergmann, D., Cameron-Smith, P., Cionni, I., Collins, W. J, Dalsøren, S. B, Doherty, R. M, Eyring, V., Faluvegi, G., Folberth, G. A, Horowitz, L. W, Josse, B., MacKenzie, I. A, Nagashima, T., Plummer, D. A, Righi, M., Rumbold, S. T, Stevenson, D. S, Strode, S. A, Sudo, K., Szopa, S., and Zeng, G.

Subjects
atmospheric chemistry, climate change, climate modeling, hydroxyl radical, methane, photolysis, radiative forcing, stratosphere, troposphere
Abstract

Results from simulations performed for the Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Modeling Intercomparison Project (ACCMIP) are analysed to examine how OH and methane lifetime may change from present day to the future, under different climate and emissions scenarios. Present day (2000) mean tropospheric chemical lifetime derived from the ACCMIP multi-model mean is 9.8 ± 1.6 yr (9.3 ± 0.9 yr when only including selected models), lower than a recent observationally-based estimate, but with a similar range to previous multi-model estimates. Future model projections are based on the four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs), and the results also exhibit a large range. Decreases in global methane lifetime of 4.5 ± 9.1% are simulated for the scenario with lowest radiative forcing by 2100 (RCP 2.6), while increases of 8.5 ± 10.4% are simulated for the scenario with highest radiative forcing (RCP 8.5). In this scenario, the key driver of the evolution of OH and methane lifetime is methane itself, since its concentration more than doubles by 2100 and it consumes much of the OH that exists in the troposphere. Stratospheric ozone recovery, which drives tropospheric OH decreases through photolysis modifications, also plays a partial role. In the other scenarios, where methane changes are less drastic, the interplay between various competing drivers leads to smaller and more diverse OH and methane lifetime responses, which are difficult to attribute. For all scenarios, regional OH changes are even more variable, with the most robust feature being the large decreases over the remote oceans in RCP8.5. Through a regression analysis, we suggest that differences in emissions of non-methane volatile organic compounds and in the simulation of photolysis rates may be the main factors causing the differences in simulated present day OH and methane lifetime. Diversity in predicted changes between present day and future OH was found to be associated more strongly with differences in modelled temperature and stratospheric ozone changes. Finally, through perturbation experiments we calculated an OH feedback factor (F) of 1.24 from present day conditions (1.50 from 2100 RCP8.5 conditions) and a climate feedback on methane lifetime of 0.33 ± 0.13 yr K−1, on average. Models that did not include interactive stratospheric ozone effects on photolysis showed a stronger sensitivity to climate, as they did not account for negative effects of climate-driven stratospheric ozone recovery on tropospheric OH, which would have partly offset the overall OH/methane lifetime response to climate change.

Published
2013

46. Amplification of Surface Temperature Trends and Variability in the Tropical Atmosphere

Author

Santer, B. D., Wigley, T. M. L., Mears, C., Wentz, F. J., Klein, S. A., Seidel, D. J., Taylor, K. E., Thorne, P. W., Wehner, M. F., Gleckler, P. J., Boyle, J. S., Collins, W. D., Dixon, K. W., Doutriaux, C., Free, M., Fu, Q., Hansen, J. E., Jones, G. S., Ruedy, R., Karl, T. R., Lanzante, J. R., Meehl, G. A., Ramaswamy, V., Russell, G., and Schmidt, G. A.

Published
2005

49. Relationships and Development: Family Adaptation to Individual Change.

Author

Collins, W. Andrew

Abstract

This paper addresses the effects of developmental changes that occur in the transition from childhood to adolescence on parent-child relationships. The first section considers four theoretical approaches to changes in relationships during the transition to adolescence. Noted especially are perspectives regarding the impetus for changes in relationships, the elements of relationships that are most likely to be affected, the course of change, and the significance of changes in relationships for the subsequent development of each person involved. The second section outlines an integrative perspective on the nature of changes in parent-adolescent relations. According to this perspective, physical, social, and cognitive changes in offspring give rise to difficulties between parents and children during the transition to adolescence because the changes violate expectancies that mediate interactions in parent-child relationships. The third section provides an overview of initial findings from research guided by this perspective, including studies of: (1) the role of age in parents' and offsprings' patterns of perceptions of behavior; (2) discrepancies between perceptions of behavior and expectancies regarding typical or ideal behavior; and (3) the linkage of adolescents' and parents' perceptions and expectancies to other aspects of their relationships. The final section covers several issues concerning conceptual and empirical advances in the understanding of adaptation to ontogenetic change in parent-adolescent relationships. A reference list of 92 items is provided. (AC)

Published
1991

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