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Chinese investments and loans have increased rapidly over the last fifteen years in Latin America and the Caribbean, as has state-to-state cooperation. From the megaprojects of the Nicaraguan Canal and the transcontinental Brazil-Peru railway reminiscent of Imperial investment fever a hundred years ago to countless road construction projects across the region, Chinese state-supported enterprises are at the forefront of the present round of infrastructure building. This investment envisions a new century of trans-Pacific connections and global commerce. Latin America's politicians and private contractors collaborate with Chinese enterprise across diverse sectors agribusinesses in soybean production in Brazil and Argentina, and mining, oil, and natural gas operations in the Andean countries praising the scale and pace of investment as a milestone for Latin America's future economic growth. Activists and scholars see the same development as entrapping the economy in neo-extractivism, in a renewed dependence on primary resources that violates indigenous, social, and ecological rights.

In the 2000s, Atuntaqui’s quality improvement program, joint marketing investments, and cultural initatives were designed to leverage the power of strategic cooperation. Over the course of several development projects, however, social interactions became more inclusive and more contentious. In this paper, we introduce the idea of a public economy and contrast it with narrower social capital theories to account for the benefits of Atuntaqui’s move from hidden production to an open trade. With data from field research that spans seven years, this article documents how the pressures of rapid manufacturing growth and the missteps in managing civic projects have undermined public participation and closed off important features of the public economy. The paper concludes with observa­tion about how to revive more robust collaborations through diversification of local participants, strengthening of the chamber of commerce, and recognizing and including the large wave of new, smaller producers. En el año 2000, el programa de mejora de calidad de Atuntaqui, las inversiones conjuntas en marketing y las iniciativas culturales, fueron diseñadas para influenciar el poder de la cooperación estratégica. Con el transcurso de varios proyectos de desarrollo, sin embargo, las interacciones sociales se tornaron más inclusivas y más polémicas. En este artículo introducimos la idea de una economía pública y la contrastamos con teorías del capital social más limitadas con el fin de explicar los beneficios que resultaron de pasar de una producción escondida al comercio abierto para Atuntaqui. Con los datos obtenidos de una investigación de campo que se extiende por siete años, este artículo documenta la manera en que la presión del crecimiento rápido de la manufactura y los errores cometidos en la administración de proyectos cívicos han socavado la participación pública y se han cerrado frente a características importantes de la economía pública. El artículo concluye con observaciones sobre cómo revivircolaboraciones mas robustas a través de la diversificación de los participantes locales, mediante el fortalecimiento de la cámara de comercio y el reconocimiento e inclusión de grandes olas de nuevos pequeños productores.

This dissertation presents an anthropological case study of Jewish engagement in the Soviet "planned economy," or the "economy of shortage," in a specific geographic setting of Moscow Jewish suburbs in the first decades after World War II. Due to a range of socio-political, economic and demographic developments Moscow's suburban settlements with their dense pattern of Jewish residence, unparalleled in Soviet history, turned into what may be called a "Soviet Jewish pale"--A distinctive socio-cultural Jewish environment sustaining a specific configuration of Soviet Jewishness, not fully coinciding with that of the former shtetl, yet different from that characteristic of large urban settings. The study focuses on one particular sphere constitutive of the suburban Jewish collective identity, that is, the economic practices where Jewishness played a vital role in creating channels for obtaining production resources, organizing production and devising distribution strategies. It demonstrates that the prohibition of private entrepreneurship on the part of the socialist state, largely ideological rather than economic in nature, called forth a likewise not purely economic response from below - ethnic mobilization in certain spheres of the formal socialist economy. In particular, the dissertation addresses three Jewish economic "niches" - small-scale artel production, trade and the Soviet version of junk-yards, and explores the question of their "embeddedness" in Jewish economic and social traditions. As a part of a wider debate on the nature of socialist production, the dissertation provides a locally-informed understanding of the role that ethnic actors played in production and distribution at the intersection of the "first" and the "second" Soviet economies. As cultural anthropology, it examines the complex relationships between social tradition, belief and accommodation in the urban-rural nexus of the country's capital. By focusing on an ethnic group subjected to open an, Doctor of Philosophy

El propósito de este libro es evaluar la transición del movimiento indígena desde una condición de legitimidad, poder y eficacia hacia una condición de debilidad, tanto dentro de las comunidades indígenas como a nivel de la población ecuatoriana en general. En otras palabras, el autor plantea la siguiente interrogante: ¿Qué sucede cuando los indígenas llegan a estar “cansados de la organización”?.