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Purpose: Pitch variations (tone productions) have been reported as a measure to differentiate Cantonese-speaking children with and without childhood apraxia of speech (CAS). This study aims to examine fundamental frequency (F0) changes within syllables and the effects of syllable structure, lexical status, and syllable positions on F0 in Cantonese-speaking preschool children with and without CAS. Method: Six children with CAS, six children with non-CAS speech sound disorder plus language disorder (S&LD), 22 children with speech sound disorder only (SSD), and 63 children with typical speech-language development (TD) performed the tone sequencing task (TST). Growth curve analysis was employed to analyze and compare the F0 values within syllables with three Cantonese tones (high level, high rising, and low falling). The analysis considered the effects of syllable structure (vowel and consonant-vowel), lexical status (word and nonword), and syllable position (initial, medial, and final) on F0, as well as comparisons within and between groups. Results: Within each group, the effects of syllable structure and position on F0 values were found with different patterns. Between-group comparisons showed that the CAS group had reduced F0 contrasts. The CAS group could be differentiated from the control groups based on interactions of F0 with syllable structure and position, but not lexical status. The dissimilarity of F0 values detected between the CAS and SSD/TD groups was more prominent than that observed between the CAS and S&LD groups. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that Cantonese-speaking children with CAS had difficulty in varying F0 within syllables as compared to those without CAS, suggesting pitch variation difficulty and language-specific impairment profiles in CAS. Future investigations of objective measures for identifying Cantonese speakers with CAS and cross-linguistic investigations using growth curve analysis and the TST are suggested.

Communication style refers to the distinct ways individuals exhibit verbal, paraverbal, and nonverbal communication patterns in social interactions. It involves receiving, interpreting, and delivering feedback and messages. Factors like culture and personality affect communication styles, and tools like communication styles inventory (CSI) help evaluate and improve individuals' communication skills. Cultural differences significantly impact communication styles, so it's important to adapt and validate measurement instruments for diverse cultural settings, such as adapting CSI for the Russian context. This study aims to adapt CSI for use in the Russian context. The research follows a quantitative approach, collecting data from 407 undergraduate and graduate students across different universities. CSI is a questionnaire assessing six distinct communication patterns with 96 items. The researchers conducted exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to examine CSI's validity and reliability in the Russian context. The analyses yielded an eight-factor model explaining 59.5% of the total variance. Although two factors from the original scale were preserved, other factors were newly named. The confirmatory factor analysis tested the relationship between the original sub-dimensions and the new dimensions, resulting in a better-adapted model with significant relationships between items and factors. The findings indicate the scale's suitability for different cultures and sample groups, supporting its validity and reliability. Further research should adapt the scale to other cultures and utilize it in studies in the Russian context.

This paper explores the intersection of pedagogical research in communication and research on public diplomacy and engages with the notion of "knowledge diplomacy." It revises the concept of the "collaborative" central to both public diplomacy and higher education pedagogy. With both fields emphasizing the importance of "co-creation," the paper theorizes and operationalizes this concept, and argues that co-creation (as a process and a framework) is one solution to the challenge of dominance argued by the scholarship of "knowledge diplomacy." Empirically, the article engages with two cases of "grassroots knowledge diplomacy" initiated by a tertiary communication program in collaboration with diplomats.

The communication classroom has long explored various matters of speech. More recently, conversations about hate speech have emerged here. However, less attention has been paid to how hate is mobilized through communication. Thus, this course explores the communicative nature of hatred by interrogating its role in the formation of social identity and perpetuation of exclusionary discourses in our rhetorical landscape. Students engage in self-reflection by embracing theories of social identity, intergroup communication, and rhetoric to examine the concept of hatred while assignments improve students' comprehension of hate's communicative power, mobilizing potential, and constituting capacities. Course: This course is an upper-level undergraduate special topics course titled "The Mobilization of Hate." It can be situated in the recurring communication curriculum. Alternatively, content could be modified to serve as a themed version of other courses. Objectives: Students should be better equipped to: (1) recognize how intergroup formation centered on hate helps to constitute individuals' social identities; (2) comprehend how discourses of hate proliferate in public spaces; (3) understand various communicative processes that give rise to acts of hate; (4) articulate the individual, group-based, and rhetorical features of hate; and (5) recognize the personal, social, and rhetorical implications of the mobilization of hate.

Minimal expressions are at the heart of interaction: Interjections like "Huh?" and "Mhm" keep conversations flowing by establishing and reinforcing intersubjectivity among interlocutors. Crosslinguistic research has identified that similar interactional pressures can yield structurally similar words (e.g., to initiate repair across languages). While crosslinguistic comparisons that include signed languages remain uncommon, recent work has revealed similarities in discourse management strategies among signers and speakers that share much of their cultural background. This study contributes a crossmodal comparison of repair initiators and continuers in speakers of English and signers of British Sign Language (BSL). We combine qualitative and quantitative analyses of data from sixteen English speakers and sixteen BSL signers, resulting in the following: First, the interactional infrastructure drawn upon by speakers and signers overwhelmingly relies on behaviors of the head, face, and body; these are used alone or sometimes in combination with verbal elements (i.e., spoken words or manual signs), while verbal strategies alone are rare. Second, discourse management strategies are remarkably similar in form across the two languages: A held eye gaze or "freeze-look" is the predominant repair initiator and head nodding the main continuer. These results suggest a modality-agnostic preference for visual strategies that do not occupy the primary articulators, one that we propose is founded in recipiency; people maintain the flow of communication following principles of minimal effort and minimal interruption.

Children's literature scholars, specifically picturebook theorist and researchers, need to better understand the complicated nature of the separation and coming together of textual matter (words) and visual matter (images) and the range of relations between these entities. Various scholars have conceptualized the relations between word and image in vastly different ways, advocated for a range of analytical frameworks to understand these relations, and subsequently have provided a theoretical foundation for exploring the roles and functions of words and images in narrative picturebooks. More attention focusing on how picturebooks are instantiated as meaningful multimodal ensembles across technological, sensory, material, semiotic, modal, mediational, as well as ideological dimensions is necessary if we are to fully understand the ways words and image work in picturebooks and the educational potential of available and future multimodal ensembles.

Language and drawing each have their own sets of symbols that they use to convey messages. It is still unclear whether the development of these two expression mechanisms is similar or distinct. There are various approaches to supporting language and communication skills, including structured and naturalistic methods. The goal of this in-depth case study is to find out how a combined intervention affects the language and drawing abilities of a three-year-old girl with developmental delay. Structured implementations and milieu teaching strategies were used in the same session, but not simultaneously. The participant's language and communication skills improved at the end of the programme. Interestingly, even though there was no drawing-related goal, her drawings evolved too. Even though this is a single-subject case study, it suggests that if a child's cognitive and language skills develop, his/her drawing skills do as well.

Teaching democratic citizenship has never been more vital, particularly given the dismissive attitude and direct attempts to undermine democratic institutions exemplified by the Trump administration. In addition, traditional approaches to teaching citizenship foreground the underlying values of self-governance, knowledge of the different branches of government, and the skills for behaving within this system (i.e., voting) but lack a broader intellectual framework to guide those actions (Parker, "Teaching democracy: Unity and diversity in public life," 2003). Parker, a critical multicultural educator, argued that this approach has rendered participatory citizenship superfluous and ignores more central concerns, namely, how people can live together justly while honoring their multiple individual and group identities (i.e., gender, race, class, religion, etc.). This essay focuses on the task of living together justly and offers one example of how this might be promoted through the communication studies curriculum.

The improvisations needed to adapt to COVID-19 teaching and learning conditions affected students and faculty alike. This study uses chaos theory and improvisation to examine an undergraduate communication research methods course that was initially delivered synchronously/face-to-face and then transitioned to asynchronous/online in March 2020. Reflective writings were collected at the end of the semester with the 25 students enrolled in the course and follow-up interviews conducted with six students. Thematic analysis revealed that available and attentive student-participant, student-student, and student-instructor communication complemented learner-centered and person-centered goals, but unavailable or inattentive communication, especially with participants and students in the research team, contributed to negative perceptions of learner-centered goals. Implications explore how communication research methods pedagogy may achieve greater available, attentive, and learner/person-oriented goals through modeling, resourcing, reflexivity, and appreciation in online and offline course delivery to enhance shifts in communication pedagogy, whether voluntarily or involuntarily initiated by faculty.

Service-learning, as a form of experiential learning, allows universities to work hand-in-hand with local communities, addressing their needs and expectations and putting into practice professional skills acquired by the students. This article reports on two service-learning experiences of communication students and faculty of Ecuador and Ohio, United States working together with local communities in the countryside of the coastal province of Manabí and in the Andean páramo of Chugchilán. These activities were further enhanced via cutting-edge immersive technologies and production experience using these technologies. This article aims to answer the questions of whether and how international stakeholders and immersive technologies play a role in the community outreach roadmap. The outcomes suggest that immersive technologies in service-learning international partnerships present four types of challenges: ontological, technological, narrative, and professional. The introduction of immersive technologies in service-learning projects is an interesting possibility for further development of joint narratives.

Purpose: Extemporaneous speech tasks provide an ecologically valid sample to examine speech acoustics, but differing methodologies exist in the literature for segmentation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the utility and reliability of a segmentation approach for extemporaneous speech specified by systemic functional linguistics (SFL) and its potential research and clinical applications. Method: Ten speakers without communication disorders served as participants in this study, and they responded to self-selected extemporaneous speaking prompts. Two expert analysts and one clinician analyst utilized a segmentation procedure specified by SFL to segment the extemporaneous speech samples into clauses and clause complexes. Intra- and interrater reliability were calculated for each analyst and pair of analysts. Acoustic measures of duration, speech rate, and intercomplex pause durations were calculated for each clause complex. Results: Analyses for both intra- and interrater reliability revealed high percent agreement that was significantly greater than chance for expert and clinician analysts and between each pair of analysts (p < 0.001). Acoustic analyses revealed expected variation in number and duration of spoken syllables of clause complexes between and within speakers. Conclusions: The segmentation approach for extemporaneous speech specified by SFL is a reliable method for trained analysts that is informed by lexico-grammar and allows for acoustic measurement of speech production. It is also a reliable method for clinician analysts for speakers without communication disorders, and future work will investigate its utility for speakers with motor speech disorders.

This paper discusses the innovative research method of using body-worn cameras for capturing speech and experiences of 3- to 5-year olds in English early years settings. The strengths and weaknesses will be discussed in this multiple case study approach to capturing the quality of speech from young children (n = 43). Adopting an interactionist theoretical framework and viewing the project through an interpretive paradigm, it is asserted there is the necessity to capture data in a way that is naturalistic and ethical at all times. It is argued that that in order to gain a full and deep understanding of young children's lives, the use of body-worn cameras is pivotal in gaining the data that may not exist otherwise. It is therefore argued throughout this paper that although both strengths and weaknesses exist that weaknesses should be overcome and accommodated in order to enhance future research.

This study shines a light where attention is needed; it is an assessment of our progress in our search for and improvement of pedagogical knowledge. More specifically, we address how well we have responded to Hendrix and Wilson's (2014) call in "Virtual Invisibility: Race and Communication Education" to move away from the same topics: thereby, seeking new and productive ways to address issues like the diversity that reflect current societal changes and classroom demographics. The results of this blended thematic/content analysis of 262 publications in "Communication Education" from 2014 to 2019 reveal that, while the body of instructional communication scholarship has evolved and expanded into more complex areas, race is still passed over.

This comprehensive review reports on methodological quality of 162 single-case studies on augmentative and alternative communication interventions for communication and challenging behavior in individuals diagnosed with autism or intellectual disabilities and with complex communication needs. Following review for inclusion criteria, documents were excluded if they failed to meet basic methodological standards. Each remaining study was evaluated for 10 detailed quality criteria. No studies met all standards without reservations. Only three of the included studies met all of the standards with reservations and the remainder met some but not all standards, with or without reservations. The included studies reported adequate detail for half of the quality indicators, but insufficient details for participant, setting, maintenance, generalization, and social validity descriptions. An increased quantity and quality of research were found in over four decades. More recent studies have adequately reported half of the criteria investigated, including describing the materials, defining the outcome variables, describing baseline and intervention procedures, and evaluating procedural integrity. After identifying quality features, the authors report in more detail on low-rated quality indicators particularly relevant to studies addressing social-communication interventions. The literature infrequently reported race, ethnicity, or home language. Future research should report characteristics of participants to ensure that research becomes representative of the population. [For the corresponding grantee submission, see ED626615.]

This study examined data from the years 2017-2021 in a sample of 24 journals in communication studies to determine normative and exceptional rates of publication. These data were examined using the traditional full counting method to determine research participation by assigning credit to each author, equally, when listed on a research publication. In addition, we examined the data to determine individual research contribution by using a weighted fractional count (WFC) to assign credit based on author order and the number of authors listed on a publication. Results indicated that most scholars in our sample of journals publish infrequently. Across five years, average rates of publication in our sample stand at 1.62 publications per active author with an average WFC of 0.72. Results also include metrics for central journals in our field where active scholars average 1.47 publications with a WFC of 0.49. Results are discussed in terms of institutional expectations.

We present a novel method for the critical analysis of professional scientists' communications with the public. The method blends Entman's (2007) [Framing bias: Media in the distribution of power. "Journal of Communication," 57(1), 163-173)] framing theory and van Leeuwen's (1996) [The representation of social actors. In C. R. Caldas-Coulthard, & M. Coulthard (Eds.), "Texts and practices readings in critical discourse analysis" (pp. 32-104). Routledge] sociosemantic analysis to distill the relationship between written texts and larger political discourses circulating in society. We demonstrate our novel method by comparing two articles from a popular science publication, both of which discuss issues of gender equity in the professional STEM community. We close by discussing the affordances and limitations of our novel method and offering possible extensions of our method for future research.

Purpose: The purpose of this tutorial is threefold: (a) to bring attention to the role and value of dissemination research in communication sciences and disorders (CSD), (b) to introduce a model that can be used to guide dissemination research, and (c) to demonstrate strategic steps toward generating research questions and planning methods for dissemination research using an example from the authors' work. Method: This tutorial begins with a discussion of the role of dissemination in clinical research, with emphasis on differentiating the unique value of dissemination within the broader context of dissemination and implementation (D&I) research. The tutorial next presents a model of dissemination from the extant literature and describes how this model can be applied in CSD using examples from the authors' respective programs of clinical research. This is followed by an example that illustrates how the model can be used to determine research questions and guide the development of methods. Finally, the tutorial ends by discussing the potential impact of dissemination research for advancing efforts in CSD for closing the research-to-practice gap. Conclusions: Dissemination research is an often overlooked but critical component of D&I efforts. When approached systematically and rigorously, dissemination can make meaningful contributions to clinical research in CSD.

According to Ong (1986), for a long time, in the human history, direct or "vis-à-vis" communication has been the only modality of communication; traditions have essentially been oral and their survival depended on the continuous renewal, which was represented by the "vis-à-vis" narration of stories and activities. In this way, the oral culture has created some expedients to remind and let people remind some aspects: a certain structure of the speech (fixed themes, formulas, proverbs, rhythmic style, etc.), a particular kind of (narrative) speech, a specific behavioral schematization ("strong" characters, types). The communication process is always a fundamental and essential process (Wright, 1976): it involves individuals in a deep relationship inside which the linguistic and paralinguistic codes, which come into play, take on complex meanings. In fact, despite the apparent facility through which two or more people come into contact among them, the deep sense of communication is something which is complicated and mysterious. Each person, who is involved in the communication process, attributes, on the basis of his/her subjective and social-group existential experience, his/her own meaning to each sign. According to Wolton (2006), communication has to do with four dimensions, which are complementary among them: first of all, communication is the ideal of expression and exchange which is at the origin of the Western culture and of democracy; talking about democracy presumes, as a basic concept, the existence of free and equal individuals. Communication concerns also those media which have remarkably transformed the relationships between communication and society. Still, communication concerns the whole mechanism of the new technologies that, with information science, telecommunications, audiovisuals and their interconnection, have globally modified the premises of the exchange of messages and power. In the end, communication includes also all those values, those symbols and those representations which function as a mechanism for the functioning of the public space, of democracies and of the international community through information and media.

This paper is the result of a research carried out under the umbrella of the "UNESCO UniTWIN Network on Media, Gender, and ICTs" Project, and it tries to determine the presence of subjects with a specific focus on gender in the current Communication Degrees offered at Spanish universities. The inclusion of subjects about gender equality in relation to media follows the suggestions of the IV World Conference on Women in Beijing (1995). The main objective of this research will be to investigate the presence of these subjects in Communication Degrees, identifying the elements that define them at a thematic, methodological and relevant levels within the curriculum. A mixed methodological design is proposed based on ex-post-facto research, with a descriptive orientation and the search for improvement, a qualitative analysis of study plans using ATLAS.ti and a panel of experts. The results reveal a scarce presence of this type of subjects, with a higher percentage in public universities than in private ones, and also a minimal relevance as compulsory subjects. This research study reveals the current formal training in gender studies of future generations of media professionals and serves as an endorsement for forthcoming changes of curricula in the European Higher Education Area context.

Graduate student socialization has been studied in multiple disciplines, including communication. As their career trajectories change, faculty must consider how to socialize students into the field and their subsequent careers. Using a modified Delphi survey, we examined the differences in faculty and students' perceptions regarding the content of a graduate professional seminar in communication. Results indicate that students would prefer a focus on implicit norms and the hidden curriculum, while faculty would prefer to focus on disciplinary content. We offer recommendations for developing a course that addresses both needs and, thus, simultaneously attends to the changing job market.

By investigating scholarly output in science communication from 1997 to 2018, this research sought evidence that science education has been increasingly focusing on communication methods to reach the public. Through an automatic scientometric method, this study analyzed 1300 articles published in two leading journals in the field of science communication. As a result, seven trends were revealed and categorized into three themes: Public engagement with science (PES); Media and science (MS); and Issues in science (IS). Furthermore, PES and MS scholarly output were found increased significantly. The findings confirmed the goal of this research. However, it then suggested a research area of bridging science education and science communication that is currently less explored. Given increased focus towards PES and MS, these fields are primed for further collaboration to more engage the public in science learning.

The creation of innovative and impactful communication theories depends on improving our theorizing practices. A grounded practical theory analysis of communication theory textbooks and exercises explored representations of theorizing and what it means for students to think like theorists. The analysis suggests that communication theory pedagogy embraces a model of theorizing as practical application where existing theories and deductive reasoning are used to understand communication situations and develop communication practices. Theorizing as practical invention is offered as a complementary approach to theorizing as practical application that centers on the creation of theories and explanations using abduction. Implications for communication theory pedagogy grounded in theorizing as practical invention are presented.

Based on the vast challenges college students experience, and the current mental health crisis on college campuses, the current study investigated how student-support providers assist and encourage students to enact resilience. We analyzed data from interviews with 25 campus student-support leaders in regard to how they support resilience in college students. Consistent with the communication theory of resilience (Buzzanell, P. M. (2010). Resilience: Talking, resisting, and imagining new normalcies into being. "Journal of Communication," 60(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2009.01469.x), participants discussed interactions and programming that aligned with all five communicative processes (crafting normalcy, affirming identity anchors, maintaining and using social networks, finding alternative logics, legitimizing negative feelings while foregrounding productive action). Further analysis led to four themes, which helped us develop a framework for supporting student resilience that included mattering and belonging, mentorship, reframing and reorientation, and reflection and finding strengths. Using this framework, we discuss theoretical and practical ideas for supporting students through the challenges associated with the college environment.

LaPiere's pioneering study explored the tenuous connection between attitudes and behaviors in the context of racism. This activity provides a replication proposal framework that is useful for applying critical thinking skills, including new forms of measurement. Students read the study and provide written responses to several discussion prompts and then engage in class discussions. Questions include how racism is communicated, methodological problems, and a better way to measure the communication of racism and corresponding attitudes accurately. Courses: Communication Research, Communication Theory, Introduction to Communication, Rhetorical Criticism, Persuasion. Objectives: This activity helps students learn how to: (1) evaluate the internal and external validity of LaPiere's research, (2) analyze the relationship between racist attitudes and behaviors, and (3) create a research design that accounts for the threats to validity in LaPiere's study in today's context. These objectives are measurable by evaluating (1) the number of threats to validity students identified and analyzing the articulation of these threats, (2) the elaboration and development of attitude explanations, and (3) the extent to which the research design addresses the threats from LaPiere's study while exploring how racism manifests today both attitudinally and behaviorally. For classes not focused on research methods, the analysis can be on the relationship between attitudes and behaviors.

This review paper synthesizes peer-reviewed empirical research published between 2010 and 2021 about wildland fire communication practices. Our goal was to systematically review and provide an overview of how wildland fire communication has been empirically studied, and theoretical and methodological underpinnings and representativeness of this work. We found that researchers employ diverse theoretical and methodological approaches, yet most work originates from the western United States or Australia. Studies were published in diverse disciplinary journals, most frequently looked at residents as study subjects, and many sought to understand the effectiveness of communication. There is a need to build theoretical and methodological consistency in wildland fire communication research.

Background: The communication skills of older adults living in care homes is an underexplored topic. Ageing can lead to reduced communication ability and activity; and in the care home environment there may also be fewer communication opportunities. This situation is likely to negatively impact well-being. Previous reviews have found evidence of the effectiveness of behavioural interventions in increasing well-being, but no systematic review to date has focused specifically on the evidence base for group language and communication interventions in this population. Aims: To identify and evaluate the evidence for behavioural interventions with older adults, delivered in groups in care homes, that specifically included a language or communication activity. To explore the impact of such intervention on the specific domains of language, communication and social interaction. To determine whether behavioural mechanisms of action can be identified. Methods & Procedures: Embase, Medline, Ovid Nursing database, Psych info and CINAHL complete were searched and produced 158 records for screening, of which 22 remained for review. In order to identify and evaluate the quality of the evidence base presented the following research questions were posed: What research has been conducted in this area? What is the methodological quality of the studies identified? How complete is the intervention reporting? How was change measured in the domains of language, communication and social interaction? Is there evidence of efficacy, indicated by statistically significant improvement, in these domains? How did the interventions work? Synthesis tools employed included the PEDro-P Scale, the TIDieR checklist and the ITAX. Main contribution: A total of 22 studies met the criteria for review. One study used solely language or communication interventions, but the remaining 21 studies used behavioural interventions which incorporated language and communication activities to varying degrees. Studies fell into four broad intervention types: reminiscence or life review; cognitive stimulation; narrative or storytelling; and multi-modality group communication. The majority of studies were of fair methodological quality, with a moderate level of detail provided in treatment reporting. Statistically significant improvement was reported by authors in all four intervention types and across language, communication and social domains. Social interaction, social support and behavioural skills were the most consistent mechanisms of action in the reviewed behavioural interventions. Conclusions & Implications: Despite limitations in the evidence base, there are important positive signs for the beneficial effects of supporting language and communication in care homes. Blinding of assessors, and the accuracy and accessibility of statistical reporting are important areas to address in order to improve the quality of the evidence base.

This article presents the methodological strategies, results and a critical analysis of the national research project MapCom "The Research Sphere on Communication Studies Social Practices, Map of Projects, Groups, Research Objects and Methods". We present the results obtained within the first two phases of the research project. The complete sample of objects for analysis was selected within this time span, all doctoral research and research projects were included. We performed a specific analysis of descriptive variables associated to gender, objects of study, funding, more present methodologies, as well as a comparative analysis between research projects and doctoral theses from a perspective of the objects of study and the methodologies implemented. We contextualize the work with a comparative analysis of research in Social Science and Humanities in the same period analysed in Spain. We performed an analysis of the weaknesses, threats, strengths and opportunities which were detected within the analysis, and we propose recommendations aimed at developing a "Strategic Action Plan for Competitive Research in Communication". The analysis of this research concludes with the observation of similarities between the objects of study, but also of the differences between the objectives of the investigations when we compare doctoral theses and research projects in the analysed period. We also carried out a comparative analysis of the 12 most relevant universities in Spain, in order to identify differences, similarities and research patterns in research teams or groups, associate doctoral programs and universities.

Communication research field has an extraordinary growth pattern, indeed bigger than other research fields. In order to extract knowledge from such amount, intelligent techniques are needed. In such a way, using bibliometric techniques, the evolution of the conceptual, social and intellectual aspects of this research field could be analysed, and hence, understood. Although the communication research field has been widely analysed using bibliometric techniques and science mapping tools, a conceptual analysis of the whole communication research field is still needed. Therefore, this article introduces the first science mapping analysis in the communication research field based on the Web of Science Subject Category "Communication", showing its conceptual structure and scientific evolution. SciMAT, a bibliometric science mapping software tool based on co-word analysis and h-index, is applied using a sample of 33,627 research documents from 1980 to 2013 published in 74 main communication journals indexed in the Journal Citation Reports of the Web of Science. The results show that research conducted in the communication research is concentrated on the following sixteen disconnected thematic areas: "children", "psychological aspects", "news", "audience", "surveys", "advertising", "health", "relationship", "gender", "discourse", "telephone communication", "public relation", "telecommunications", "public opinion", "activism" and "Internet". These areas have progressively disconnected among them, which drives to a Communication field relatively fragmented.

The purpose of this integrative literature review was to synthesize the eye-tracking literature related to education and communication in the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) to formulate a conceptual model and develop a research agenda that guides eye-tracking research in agricultural education and communication. To do so, we reviewed the literature to identify basic elements of eye-tracking research, examined specific variables related to eye-tracking research, and synthesized the findings into a conceptual model. We found and reviewed 77 articles published between 2010 and 2016 within education (56) and communication (21). Research implications for agricultural education included an examination of classroom management practices, a comparison of novice and experienced instructors, and an exploration of educational settings. Research implications for agricultural communication included tracking fixation and frequency of eye movement when viewing advertisements and understanding the relationship between brand placement and buying decisions. Synthesizing the research in education and communication, we identified the audiences, concepts, environments, and variables related to eye tracking that could be investigated within agricultural education and communication. In conclusion, we found a lack of agricultural education and communication studies cited in the SSCI, eye-tracking technology provides variables to support a multivariate approach in agricultural education and communication, and eye-tracking equipment is expensive, which may limit diffusion in some settings.

Tips offered center on classroom discourse, curriculum choices, and potential assignments. In this article, we present tips for creating a thriving undergraduate and graduate communication research lab. Based on our experiences developing and co-directing the Communication and Social Robotics Labs (CSRLs), we offer 10 best practices for acquiring resources and recognition, building a strong lab community, and attaining faculty and student goals for scholarship and beyond. Our overarching approach is framed by Dewey's (1916) pragmatist educational metaphysic, which stresses student- and subject-centered learning, enlarging experiences, and the co-construction of meaning and knowledge. Although our labs are focused on human-machine communication (HMC), the strategies we present can be applied to any number of research contexts for both undergraduate and graduate education.

Prior work proposed a shortened version of the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), a commonly used quantitative measure of social communication traits. We used data from 3031 participants (including 190 ASD cases) from the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program to compare distributional properties and criterion validity of 16-item "short" to 65-item "full" SRS scores. Results demonstrated highly overlapping distributions of short and full scores. Both scores separated case from non-case individuals by approximately two standard deviations. ASD prediction was nearly identical for short and full scores (area under the curve values of 0.87, 0.86 respectively). Findings support comparability of shortened and full scores, suggesting opportunities to increase efficiency. Future work should confirm additional psychometric properties of short scores. [This article was written on behalf of program collaborators for Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes.]

Purpose: Recent research has shown that some school-age children who stutter may have speech-related anxiety. Given this, speech-language pathologists require robust measures to assess the psychological effects of stuttering during the school-age years. Accordingly, this systematic review aimed to explore available measures for assessing the psychological impacts of stuttering in young school-age children and to examine their measurement properties. Method: The systematic search protocol was registered with PROSPERO (ID: 163181). Seven online databases, in addition to manual searching and screening of reference lists, were used to identify appropriate measures for the population of children who stutter aged 7-12 years. The first two authors independently assessed the measures using the quality appraisal tool described by Terwee et al. (2007). Results: Despite the comprehensive search strategy, only six measures were identified for quality appraisal. No assessment tool was found to possess adequate measurement properties for the eight assessed domains: content validity, internal consistency, construct validity, reproducibility, reliability, responsiveness, floor and ceiling effects, and interpretability. No measure had clear evidence of responsiveness to clinical change. Based on the criterion defined by the Terwee et al. (2007) appraisal tool, the Communication Attitude Test and the Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering for School-Age Children received the highest number of ratings in support of their measurement properties. Conclusions: The results highlight a lack of available measures in this domain and poor practices in developing and testing measurement instruments. To ensure that clinicians and researchers are equipped with sound measures to meet the mental health needs of this vulnerable population, further research to establish resources is needed.

Despite the recent surge in social justice and decolonial scholarship, technical and professional communication (TPC) research remains a potential site of oppression. This article is meant to be a call to action; it attempts to (re)ignite discussions about what we value and how we express what we value. It encourages the field of TPC to be more responsive to the experiences and struggles of research participants--those we engage during our knowledge production process. I explore what I call "oppressive rhetoric" in TPC research with a specific focus on the term "subjects" in institutional review board forms and in the reporting of some TPC research about research participants. I assert that in spite of our best efforts in advancing the goals of marginalized groups and despite the forward-looking trajectory of progressive research, more work needs to be done to address oppressive rhetoric in TPC scholarship.

Implementation Science has recently gained considerable attention for the discipline of Communication Sciences and Disorders as a promising means for closing the research-practice gap by proactively facilitating the use of evidence-based protocols in practice. One of the pillars of Implementation Science is collaboration between researchers and stakeholders. This article describes the benefits of researcher-stakeholder collaboration, along with the challenges. Different types of collaborative approaches are provided with specific examples. Guidelines for creating and sustaining successful collaborations are provided. The article concludes with an appeal for more research that brings together the talents and expertise of researchers and other stakeholders in conducting scientifically rigorous and practically important studies in ways that improves the likelihood of adoption and sustained use of evidence-based practices.

The term "Thin Slice," first coined and defined by Ambady and Rosenthal (1992), is a brief sample of behavior, not exceeding five minutes in length, extracted from the full-length behavior stream. These thin slices are an efficient means to form judgments and predict outcomes of interpersonal relations from the full-length behavior (Ambady, LaPlante, Johnson, 2001). Previous research using the thin slice method propels the following research questions for this proposed study: can the thin slice method be applied to judge the quality of college level speeches? Communication studies professors have claimed to be able to assess the quality of the speech they are observing within only 30-seconds (Hossman & Erickson, personal communication, 2015). Is this statement true or is it only based on the experience of the observer? Hence, can an individual through only the observation of speech thin slices accurately evaluate the overall quality of a speech? This proposed study aims to establish a framework to investigate and test these claims in hopes of finding an explanation as to whether or not thin slices can be used in the communication education arena to evaluate speeches. The implications of this study, if the findings suggest that the thin slice method can be used effectively to evaluate the overall quality of a speech, would be to apply the thin slice method in assisting universities with their assessment efforts pertaining both to the improvement of students' ability to speak proficiently and communication center operations. [Paper presented at the National Association of Communication Centers (Pittsburgh, PA, 2016).]

Courses: Persuasion, Group Communication, Communication Theory, Computer-Mediated Communication. Objectives: In this activity, students discuss and analyze film clips in order to understand theories, processes, and applications related to the concept of deindividuation.

Courses: Rhetorical Criticism, Communication Theory, Communication Research Methods, Introduction to Communication Studies. Objectives: This is an introductory exercise that acquaints students with rhetorical criticism as a means of communication inquiry. By the end of the exercise, students will be able to: understand symbols as connected and contextual; define terms such as text, reading, criticism, and rhetoric; explain close reading and rhetorical criticism; and perform introductory-level rhetorical criticism.

This study initially reports on qualitative interviews (n = 17) with scientists at two Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites in the northeastern United States. These interviews suggest the need for greater attention to the role of communication professionals and institutional leadership in fostering high-quality public engagement. The study also reports on a follow-up quantitative survey (n = 68) conducted to better understand the degree to which LTER scientists' views about communication professionals were meaningfully associated with perceptions about the need for robust engagement funding. The project was initially designed based on the Integrated Behavioral Model to assess how individual LTER scientists' engagement-related attitudes, normative beliefs, and efficacy beliefs affected their communication activities. However, the combined results highlight the potential value of additional research and theorization aimed at better understanding the factors that might lead to greater cooperation between scientists and organizational communicators.

Course: Communication Research Methods. Objectives: This activity provides students with an experiential introduction to measurement theory and the methods for assessing measurement reliability. First, multiple measurements of a person's height are interpreted according to classical test theory. Second, the measurement of human height is used as an exemplar for understanding the various methods of establishing measurement reliability.

In this article, I suggest that an applied communication approach using Dell Hymes' framework of "ethnography of communication" could serve as an intervention strategy in order to promote a greater sense of shared community within the college literature classroom. I explore this framework with consideration on how this communication approach could be used as a way to help students identify with stories that contain culture-specific language in the form of speech codes. This framework promotes shared knowledge, which is necessary for member identification, and thus is critical to promote greater sensitivity to an author's cultural community. This article offers researchers interested in the intersection between applied communication research and ethnography the opportunity to study the ways mediated communication can create cultural sensitivity through an insider's view of the heritage, the language differences, as well as the patterns of speech often found in ethnically diverse literature.

Instructional communication "refers to the study of the human communication process across all learning situations independent of the subject matter, the grade level, or the learning environment" (Myers, Tindage, & Atkinson, 2016, p. 13). Instructional communication is relevant to communication pedagogy because at its core, instructional communication is studied as a three-way intersection (Farris, Houser, & Hosek, 2018) among the disciplines of pedagogy (with a focus on teaching), educational psychology (with a focus on the student learner), and communication (with a focus on meaning and messages). Instructional communication offers a general perspective on instructor communication competence in the classroom, and what it offers to communication pedagogy is a core pedagogical repertoire of effective teaching behaviors that optimize students' learning in any course, despite the course's learning outcomes or subject matter. Therefore, instructional communication and communication pedagogy are complementary areas of inquiry; that is, communication instructors will not be effective educators without strategically considering--for each course taught in a given semester--both pedagogical techniques (e.g., writing accurate course objectives; choosing or creating activities that align with the objectives; teaching communication skills using proven pedagogical strategies) and instructional communication practices (e.g., communicating with students clearly; confirming students; integrating appropriate humor). These disciplines offer micro (i.e., communication pedagogy) and macro (i.e., instructional communication) perspectives on teaching that both deserve close attention as instructors strive to be the best educators (and communicators) in the communication courses that they teach.

Racism and other prejudices have hindered efforts to diversify and further many fields, including education, psychology, politics, law, and healthcare (Race for Opportunity, 2010). Although there are many ways to combat these prejudices, intercultural communication continues to be a vital component in assisting individuals and groups with valuing the past, understanding the present, and preparing for the future of communication in a global society (Sadri and Flammia, 2011, p. 19). This paper provides a brief overview of pertinent research and major theories related to communicating with people of different cultural backgrounds, as well as useful techniques and strategies to use when teaching in international or multinational classrooms, and working or consulting in international or multinational companies, organizations, and educational institutions. It also includes data collected via surveys and interviews that helps to shed light on underlying issues of racism and discontent in Japanese and Nigerian populations within Japan, and concludes with a description of a new approach to one of the most common intercultural communication exercises called the E.A.D. (Evaluate, Analyze, Describe). While this exercise has proved to increase cultural awareness and open the lines of communication between individuals from various cultural and lingual backgrounds, research also shows that other strategies may be necessary to achieve desired levels of communication.

Introduction: This paper outlines the evolution of Spanish production in the area of communication research over the last seventeen years. It analyses whether the consolidation of the existing systems of assessment of scientific activity have been mirrored by an increase in the output of Spanish authors in journals indexed by the Social Sciences Citation Index Method: A bibliometric approach to the subject matter has been selected. We have analysed indicators such as institutional and individual productivity, models of publishing and dynamics of co-operation (intra-and inter-institutional, national and international). Analysis: This method has been applied to thirty-four journals included in the communication category of the Social Sciences Citation Index. To ensure consistency in the data collected, only journals that have remained in this database over the seventeen years covered by the research, from 1994 to 2010, have been selected. Results: Results reveal that the output of Spanish researchers in communication has increased significantly over five years, from forty-eight papers in 1994-2005, to eighty-two for the period 2006-2010. Conclusions: The increase coincides with the creation in 2002 of National Quality and Accreditation Evaluation Agency (ANECA) whose assessment criteria give priority to publication in journals indexed by the Social Sciences Citation Index.

This study provides an overview of the shifting epistemological terrain regarding methodological approaches to the research process in the field of communication and discusses how a mixed-methods design could improve methods comprehension in undergraduate education. The authors describe how they incorporated a mixed-methods project into the curriculum and discuss the student experience of learning qualitative and quantitative methods through the mixed-methods project as evidenced by surveys and reflective writing assignments. Specifically, the project reorients students' thinking from qualitative and quantitative methods as separate paradigms. Instead, it fosters a metadiscursive perspective on methods in which research designs and questions are in conversation with each other (Creswell, 2011). The project is structured using the Dimensions of Research in Undergraduate Learning framework (DRUL; Healey & Jenkins, 2009; Ozay, 2012) to foster this conversation by creating an explicit path for the transfer of knowledge between specific methods.