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Undoubtedly, the traditional sectors are in not competitive position with other sectors in Industry 5.0 conditions. Digital companies receive better staff and get more money from the bank and have better possibilities for projects. But, what could do they to be more competitive in the digital Era? The main hypothesis is that “traditional” producers has to change their main activities to be competitive in the digital era. Thus, the paper research possible elements of their competitiveness based on Intelligent specialization strategies. Thus, the main results of the paper are focused on summarizing roadmap to competitiveness by smart specialization. Main instruments used in the paper are: literature review and case-study approach for analyzing the competitive instruments that textile companies could accept. Findings in the paper could be connected with the competitive growth theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we set up a new discrete predator–prey competitive model with time-varying delays and feedback controls. By virtue of the difference inequality knowledge, a sufficient condition which guarantees the permanence of the established discrete predator–prey competitive model with time-varying delays and feedback controls is derived. Under some appropriate parameter conditions, we have proved that the periodic solution of the system without delay exists and globally attractive. To verify the correctness of the derived theoretical fruits, we give two examples and execute computer simulations. Our obtained results are novel and complement previous known results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Pregnanediol-3-glucuronide (PdG), as the main metabolite of progesterone in urine, plays a significant role in the prediction of ovulation, threatened abortion, and menstrual cycle maintenance.Methods: To achieve a rapid and sensitive assay, we have designed a competitive model-based time-resolved fluorescence microsphere-lateral flow immunochromatography (TRFM-LFIA) strip.Results: The optimized TRFM-LFIA strip exhibited a wonderful response to PdG over the range of 30–2,000 ng/mL, the corresponding limit of detection (LOD) was calculated as low as 8.39 ng/mL. More importantly, the TRFM-LFIA strip was innovatively used for the quantitative detection of PdG in urine sample, and excellent recovery results were also obtained, ranging from 97.39% to 112.64%.Discussion: The TRFMLFIA strip possessed robust sensitivity and selectivity in the determination of PdG, indicating the great potential of being powerful tools in the biomedical and diagnosis region.

In this work, we set up a new discrete predator–prey competitive model with time-varying delays and feedback controls. By virtue of the difference inequality knowledge, a sufficient condition which guarantees the permanence of the established discrete predator–prey competitive model with time-varying delays and feedback controls is derived. Under some appropriate parameter conditions, we have proved that the periodic solution of the system without delay exists and globally attractive. To verify the correctness of the derived theoretical fruits, we give two examples and execute computer simulations. Our obtained results are novel and complement previous known results.

In this paper, we propose a simplified bidimensional Wolbachia infestation model in a population of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, preserving the main features associated with the biology of this species that can be found in higher-dimensional models. Namely, our model represents the maternal transmission of the Wolbachia symbiont, expresses the reproductive phenotype of cytoplasmic incompatibility, accounts for different fecundities and mortalities of infected and wild insects, and exhibits the bistable nature leading to the so-called principle of competitive exclusion. Using tools borrowed from monotone dynamical system theory, in the proposed model, we prove the existence of an invariant threshold manifold that allows us to provide practical recommendations for performing single and periodic releases of Wolbachia-carrying mosquitoes, seeking the eventual elimination of wild insects that are capable of transmitting infections to humans. We illustrate these findings with numerical simulations using parameter values corresponding to the wMelPop strain of Wolbachia that is considered the best virus blocker but induces fitness loss in its carriers. In these tests, we considered multiple scenarios contrasting a periodic release strategy against a strategy with a single inundative release, comparing their effectiveness. Our study is presented as an expository and mathematically accessible tool to study the use of Wolbachia-based biocontrol versus more complex models.

The paper is focused on discrete competitive facility location problem for an entering firm considering different customer behavior models: for essential goods, customers generally spread their buying power among all facilities within an attraction area, but if there are no facilities nearby, then customers choose a single highly attractive facility outside the attraction area to satisfy their demand. The new facility location model has been proposed considering the proportional customer choice rule for customers with facilities within the attraction area and the binary rule—for customers which facilities are located outside the attraction area. The model has been formulated as a non-linear binary programming problem and a heuristic optimization algorithm has been applied to find the optimal solutions for different instances of the problem using real geographical coordinates and population data of thousands of municipalities in Spain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On 1st May 2022, the Malaysian government raised the minimum wage (MW) to RM1,500, with a 25% increase. Even though there seem to be some signs of economic recovery, the Malaysian economy has yet to crawl out of a downturn. MW has been one of the most debated and controversial topics in economic literature due to mixed results on employment. While it may be too early for any empirical study on the impact of this recent hike, we are not completely clueless about what to expect. This paper aims to offer valuable insights into the potential implications of the new minimum wage policy (MWP) through a narrative literature review approach. Although no conclusive prediction can be made, the literature on developing countries with high MW increases seems to suggest that higher disemployment, reduced foreign worker dependency, formal sector (FS) migration to the informal sector (IS), and higher non-compliance are likely to be expected. This paper contributes to the understanding of MW in developing countries. Based on the channel of adjustment (CoA) model, alternate suggestions are offered to small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to better cope with the financial stress caused by MWP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study assesses the consistency of the structural components of a model for developing a competitive health and well-being destination as viewed by health and well-being tourism entrepreneurs in an emerging Thai market. The sample consisted of 216 health and well-being tourism entrepreneurs recruited by purposive sampling. A questionnaire formatted using a five-point Likert scale was used. The questionnaire’s Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) varied from 0.60 to 1.00, and its reliability ranged from 0.711 to 0.938. Statistical analysis, frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were utilised. The findings revealed the following seven model components: 1) health and well-being tourism resources and attractions, 2) infrastructure and facilities, 3) service design and development, 4) policy, planning and destination management, 5) knowledge management and learning organisation, 6) destination management and 7) innovative capacity. Governors, entrepreneurs, destination managers and stakeholders can use the discovered variables to evaluate a competitive health and well-being destination’s expected performance, strengths, weaknesses and development opportunities. Further, this research should enable continuing support through the critical variable factors.

Filippov systems have found applications in various fields. This paper mainly studies five Lotka–Volterra models of Filippov type, including a competitive system with linear interaction between two species, a competitive system with Holling type II or type III functional response and a symbiosis system with Holling type II or type III functional response. We investigate the stability of all equilibria and the boundary equilibrium bifurcations of these systems, either a persistence bifurcation or a nonsmooth fold bifurcation. We present the numerical simulation results for each case. Consequently, based on both theory and simulation, we analyze the ecological aspects under the intervention of harvesting at different prescribed thresholds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The aim of this paper is to investigate the optimal harvesting strategies of a stochastic competitive Lotka–Volterra model with S-type distributed time delays and Lévy jumps by using ergodic method. Firstly, the sufficient conditions for extinction and stable in the time average of each species are established under some suitable assumptions. Secondly, under a technical assumption, the stability in distribution of this model is proved. Then the sufficient and necessary criteria for the existence of optimal harvesting policy are established under the condition that all species are persistent. Moreover, the explicit expression of the optimal harvesting effort and the maximum of sustainable yield are given.

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This paper presents an investigation on the dynamics of a delayed diffusive competition model with saturation effect. We first perform the stability analysis of the positive equilibrium and the existence of Hopf bifurcations. It is shown that the positive equilibrium is asymptotically stable under some conditions, and that there exists a critical value of delay, when the delay increases across it, the positive equilibrium loses its stability and a spatially homogeneous or inhomogeneous periodic solution emerges from the positive equilibrium. Then, we derive the formulas for the determination of the direction of Hopf bifurcation and the properties of the bifurcating periodic solutions. Finally, some numerical simulations are performed to illustrate the obtained results.

This article concerns a two-species competitive model with diffusive terms in a periodically evolving domain and study the impact of the spatial periodic evolution on the dynamics of the model. The Lagrangian transformation approach is adopted to convert the model from a changing domain to a fixed domain with the assumption that the evolution of habitat is uniform and isotropic. The ecological reproduction indexes of the linearized model are given as thresholds to reveal the dynamic behavior of the competitive model. Our theoretical results show that a lager evolving rate benefits the persistence of competitive populations for both sides in the long run. Numerical experiments illustrate that two competitive species, one of which survive and the other vanish in a fixed domain, both survive in a domain with a large evolving rate, and both vanish in a domain with a small evolving rate.

This work is concerned with a novel stochastic competitive model with saturation effect and distributed delay, in which two coupling noise sources are incorporated and the interspecific competition delayed terms show saturation effect. A good understanding of exponential extinction, extinction, persistence in the mean and permanence in time average of two species are gained. Also, with the help of Lyapunov function and the global attraction of positive solution, we derive the existence and uniqueness of stationary distribution. Our main results reveal that the coupling noise sources can significantly change the survival results of two species and affect the existence of a unique stationary distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Overf the last few years, by utilizing Mawhin’s continuation theorem of coincidence degree theory and Lyapunov functional, many scholars have been concerned with the global asymptotical stability of positive periodic solutions for the non-linear ecosystems. In the real world, almost periodicity is usually more realistic and more general than periodicity, but there are scarcely any papers concerning the issue of the global asymptotical stability of positive almost periodic solutions of non-linear ecosystems. In this paper we consider a kind of delayed two-species competitive model with stage structure. By means of Mawhin’s continuation theorem of coincidence degree theory, some sufficient conditions are obtained for the existence of at least one positive almost periodic solutions for the above model with nonnegative coefficients. Furthermore, the global asymptotical stability of positive almost periodic solution of the model is also studied. The work of this paper extends and improves some results in recent years. An example and simulations are employed to illustrate the main results of this paper.

Wolbachia‐based biocontrol has recently emerged as a potential method for the prevention and control of dengue and other vector‐borne diseases. Major vector species, such as Aedes aegypti females, when deliberately infected with Wolbachia become far less capable of getting infected and transmitting the virus to human individuals. In this paper, we propose and qualitatively analyze a simplified model of Wolbachia invasion that describes an interaction and competition between Wolbachia‐infected and wild Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. This model not only facilitates better visualization of the Wolbachia invasion dynamics thanks to its bidimensionality, but it also possesses the noticeable property of monotonicity and exhibits the saddle‐point behavior. The latter helps to identify a threshold manifold consisting of points in R+2 that couple the minimum viable population sizes of wild and Wolbachia‐carrying insects and also regulate the survival and extinction of each population of mosquitoes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to investigate the optimal harvesting strategies of a stochastic competitive Lotka–Volterra model with S-type distributed time delays and Lévy jumps by using ergodic method. Firstly, the sufficient conditions for extinction and stable in the time average of each species are established under some suitable assumptions. Secondly, under a technical assumption, the stability in distribution of this model is proved. Then the sufficient and necessary criteria for the existence of optimal harvesting policy are established under the condition that all species are persistent. Moreover, the explicit expression of the optimal harvesting effort and the maximum of sustainable yield are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy hub concept has been emerged as a suitable tool to analyze multi-carrier energy systems. Deregulation and increasing competition in the energy industry have provided a suitable platform for developing the multi-agent energy systems. Planning of energy hubs considering the competition between the hubs has not been sufficiently addressed, yet. A model has been proposed in this study for planning of a multi-hub energy system considering the competition between the hubs. The hubs are interconnected via an electric transmission system. A linear model has been developed to determine the optimal planning/operation strategy for energy hubs in a multi-period planning horizon to meet the heat and electricity demand for the defined load zone. The problem has been formulated and solved using Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions. The proposed model has been applied to 3-Hub and 5-Hub energy systems. The effect of renewable generation and storage system has also been evaluatedIt has also been observed that inclusion of renewable generation or storage technologies can reduce the conventional electricity generation capacity by 63 percent in HUB2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract. We consider a geographical region with spatially separated customers, whose demand is currently served by some pre-existing facilities owned by different firms. An entering firm wants to compete for this market locating some new facilities. Trying to guarantee a future satisfactory captured demand for each new facility, the firm imposes a constraint over its possible locations (a finite set of candidates): a new facility will be opened only if a minimal market share is captured in the short-term. To check that, it is necessary to know the exact captured demand by each new facility. It is supposed that customers follow the partially binary choice rule to satisfy its demand. If there are several new facilities with maximal attraction for a customer, we consider that the proportion of demand captured by the entering firm will be equally distributed among such facilities (equity-based rule). This ties breaking rule involves that we will deal with a nonlinear constrained discrete competitive facility location problem. Moreover, minimal attraction conditions for customers and distances approximated by intervals have been incorporated to deal with a more realistic model. To solve this nonlinear model, we first linearize the model, which allows to solve small size problems because of its complexity, and then, for bigger size problems, a heuristic algorithm is proposed, which could also be used to solve other constrained problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Competition is a common biological relationship in nature, especially for some fish species. For different situations and different purposes in a two populations competitive system, we propose three novel mathematical models of two-fish competition with linear correlation feedback control. The first scenario considers undesirable competition in the system, and the purpose of control is to avoid the extinction of the inferior population. By discussing the existence and stability of the order-1 periodic solution, an effective method is provided for the realization of the fixed-period control and stabilization of the system, and the parameter optimization design is realized with the goal of minimizing the control cost. The second scenario considers the coexistence of two fish populations, and the purpose of control is transformed into harvesting of both populations. By analyzing the existence of the order-1 and order-2 periodic solutions, the dynamic characteristics and complexity of the control system are enriched, and the optimal design of parameters is realized with the goal of maximizing the economic benefits. The third scenario considers the phenomenon of equal competition between the two populations. The purpose of control is to avoid the extinction of one of the populations due to the large number of one population. By analyzing the existence of the order-1 and order-2 periodic solutions, the dynamical characteristics of the system are further enriched. Finally, numerical simulations are carried out for the three scenarios to illustrate the theoretical results and the feasibility of the control. The control strategy based on linear dependent feedback proposed in this paper provides an effective way to realize the coexistence of two populations competing systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with a stochastic two-species competitive model. Some very verifiable criteria on the global stability of the positive equilibrium of the deterministic system are established. An example with its computer simulations is given to illustrate our main theoretical findings.

In this paper we will observe the model of competitive types and it will be analyzed using the nullcline method. It will be shown that this model has four points of equilibria, which are stable or unstable depending on the parameters a and b. The local stability of these points was investigated and global dynamics was determined using nullcline methods, that is, the bases of attraction of these points were shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The simulation of population dynamics and social processes is of great interest in nonlinear systems. Recently, many scholars have paid attention to the possible applications of population dynamics models, such as the competitive Lotka–Volterra equation, in economic, demographic and social sciences. It was found that these models can describe some complex behavioral phenomena such as marital behavior, the stable marriage problem and other demographic processes, possessing chaotic dynamics under certain conditions. However, the introduction of external factors directly into the continuous system can influence its dynamic properties and requires a reformulation of the whole model. Nowadays most of the simulations are performed on digital computers. Thus, it is possible to use special numerical techniques and discrete effects to introduce additional features to the digital models of continuous systems. In this paper we propose a discrete model with controllable phase-space volume based on the competitive Lotka–Volterra equations. This model is obtained through the application of semi-implicit numerical methods with controllable symmetry to the continuous competitive Lotka–Volterra model. The proposed model provides almost linear control of the phase-space volume and, consequently, the quantitative characteristics of simulated behavior, by shifting the symmetry of the underlying finite-difference scheme. We explicitly show the possibility of introducing almost arbitrary law to control the phase-space volume and entropy of the system. The proposed approach is verified through bifurcation, time domain and phase-space volume analysis. Several possible applications of the developed model to the social and demographic problems’ simulation are discussed. The developed discrete model can be broadly used in modern behavioral, demographic and social studies.

Introduction: Pregnanediol-3-glucuronide (PdG), as the main metabolite of progesterone in urine, plays a significant role in the prediction of ovulation, threatened abortion, and menstrual cycle maintenance. Methods: To achieve a rapid and sensitive assay, we have designed a competitive model-based time-resolved fluorescence microsphere-lateral flow immunochromatography (TRFM-LFIA) strip. Results: The optimized TRFM-LFIA strip exhibited a wonderful response to PdG over the range of 30-2,000 ng/mL, the corresponding limit of detection (LOD) was calculated as low as 8.39 ng/mL. More importantly, the TRFM-LFIA strip was innovatively used for the quantitative detection of PdG in urine sample, and excellent recovery results were also obtained, ranging from 97.39% to 112.64%. Discussion: The TRFMLFIA strip possessed robust sensitivity and selectivity in the determination of PdG, indicating the great potential of being powerful tools in the biomedical and diagnosis region., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Lin, Li, Ye, Zheng, Wang, Liu, Wang, Wu, Dong and Zan.)

The aims of this study were to develop adaptability indicators of employees, and to confirmatory test for overall statistical fit that was conducted using confirmatory factor analysis and competitive model analysis techniques. The sample in this study consisted of 200 first six months employees graduated in bachelor degree with no work experience. The instrument was rating-scale questions, the obtained reliability coefficient was .83. The statistical program for the social sciences was used to run confirmatory factor analysis. The results of this study showed that the employee’s adaptability model was fitted. Result from competitive model tested of first versus second model showed the second employee’s adaptability model, consisted of control, curiosity, concern, endurance and courtesy, was much more likely to be correct than the other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work is concerned with a two-species stochastic state-switching competitive population model with distributed delays and harvesting. First, necessary and sufficient criteria for the existence of a unique ergodic stationary distribution of the system are established. Then necessary and sufficient criteria for the existence of the optimal harvesting policy are given, and the explicit expression of the optimal harvesting policy is obtained. Finally, some effects of the state-switching on the persistence, extinction and optimal harvesting strategy of the system are discussed with the help of several simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under current competitive liner shipping market, it is crucial to explore the optimal shipping strategy for the subsistence and development of liner companies. In order to establish a liner shipping competitive model, we choose service quality, which can be measured by a range of unstructured data of relative items (such as delivery service, security, processing speed, user-friendliness) with big data analytics, as a key factor in the utility function and analyze the impact of service quality on the pricing strategy for container liner shipping context. By using the analytic hierarchy process, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and time series forecasting method, the concrete data from South America container liner shipping market is analyzed via empirical study. The finding has demonstrated the model could yield management value for liner companies, and could provide theoretical guidance to formulate the optimal liner shipping strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking white noises, Markovian switching and Lévy jumps into account, an n − species Lotka–Volterra competitive model with random perturbations is proposed and studied. Sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of an ergodic stationary distribution of the model are established. These sufficient conditions are sharp in some cases. Some interesting results are revealed: the white noises and Lévy jumps could make the stationary distribution disappear as well as appear; the Markovian switching could make the stationary distribution appear. Some numerical simulations are also introduced to illustrate the main results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the neural networks are used to predict and explain the behavior of different edaphological variables in the adsorption and retention of heavy metals, both isolated and competing. A comparison with the results obtained using multiple regression, stepwise analysis, and regression trees is performed. In the neural network technique, CEC amorphous and crystallized oxides and kaolinite in the clay fraction are the most selected variables for making the optimal models, while mica and, to a lesser extent, plagioclase, are the next variables selected. Additionally, a competitive model has been considered, using simultaneously different metals. In the competitive model, the model predicts a more intense competence between Pb and Ni for the adsorption process and between Cr and Ni for the retention process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modern regional management needs special regional policy aimed at making the competitive potential of the region as a factor of its sustainable development. In this regard, the main task of this study is to base the nature, structure and destination of competitive potential for regional management, as well as the development of its grade methodology. It is proposed to consider the competitive potential of the region as a set of available resources, tools, and sources of various properties, which belong to the territory and which help to attract attention of aimed customers (investors, entrepreneurs, residents, tourists, etc.) at it, increase of the demand for some of its elements, which can be used in competition, making unique resources and capabilities into competitive advantages. Along with the traditional elements of the competitive potential of the region some elements were offered to include in its structure. Those elements show modern organizational and economic relations of the regional productive forces. The assessing technique of the competitive potential level of the region was developed. One of its most important areas of practical use the results are the organization of the formation potential monitoring for local, regional, and national governance.

This paper systematically investigates the optimal harvesting of a stochastic delay competitive Lotka–Volterra model with Lévy jumps. Under some simple assumptions, the sufficient conditions for extinction and stable in the time average of each species are established. The stability in distribution of this model is proved under our assumptions. Finally, the sufficient and necessary criteria for the existence of optimal harvesting policy are established and the explicit expression of the optimal harvesting effort and the maximum of sustainable yield are also obtained. And some numerical simulations are introduced to demonstrate the theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As well known that the sudden environmental shocks and toxicant can affect the population dynamics of fish species, a mechanistic understanding of how sudden environmental change and toxicant influence the optimal harvesting policy requires development. This paper presents the optimal harvesting of a stochastic two-species competitive model with Lévy noise in a polluted environment, where the Lévy noise is used to describe the sudden climate change. Due to the discontinuity of the Lévy noise, the classical optimal harvesting methods based on the explicit solution of the corresponding Fokker–Planck equation are invalid. The object of this paper is to fill up this gap and establish the optimal harvesting policy. By using of aggregation and ergodic methods, the approximation of the optimal harvesting effort and maximum expectation of sustainable yields are obtained. Numerical simulations are carried out to support these theoretical results. Our analysis shows that the Lévy noise and the mean stress measure of toxicant in organism may affect the optimal harvesting policy significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper an n-species stochastic delay competitive model with harvesting is proposed. Some dynamical properties of the model are considered. We first establish sufficient conditions for persistence in the mean of the species. Then asymptotic stability in distribution of the harvesting model is studied. Next the optimal harvesting effort and the maximum harvesting yield are given by using the ergodic approach. Finally the analytical results are illustrated through simulation figures using MATLAB followed by discussions and conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lévy noise, accounting for sudden catastrophic shocks, exists widely in the natural world. However, the effect of Lévy noise on the survival of a population is not well understood. In this paper, we develop and investigate a stochastic competitive model of two species with Lévy noise in an impulsive polluted environment. The threshold between weak persistence in the mean and extinction is established for each species. Sufficient conditions for strong persistence in the mean, stability in the mean and stochastic permanence are obtained. These results show that Lévy noise can change the persistence and extinction of each species significantly. Numerical simulations is carried out to illustrate the theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the tremendous growth of social network research, many information diffusion models have been proposed from multiple perspectives with the intent of finding out key factors. However, most models only focus on the individual behavior patterns or the usage habits of social applications; the potential interrelationships between information items have not been explored. From this point of view, we propose an information interference model that takes into account the interrelationships between information items in social network. The effect of interference and anti-interference abilities of information in diffusion are analyzed in highly clustered regular networks and also the random networks. We find that information diffusion in regular networks is more easily affected by interference information; but the corresponding reduction of the information diffusion range is the negative consequence in random networks. We also find that the individuals who know about information are the main spreaders of interference. From the aspect of the interference, random network shows a higher timeliness requirement to interference. Furthermore, simulation results indicate that increasing initial forwarding probability of information is much better than increasing the influence of it in reducing interference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]