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Resumo Objetivo Identificar a prevalência da realização dos exames de pré-natal e seus fatores associados, durante a pandemia de COVID-19, em uma regional de saúde brasileira. Método Pesquisa transversal, descritiva, realizada em três maternidades públicas, com 408 puérperas, por meio de inquérito e consulta de prontuários e cartão da gestante. Utilizou-se o teste Qui-quadrado assumindo nível de significância de p

Objetivo: Identificar as evidências científicas sobre as repercussões da Violência do Parceiro Íntimo (VPI) na gravidez sobre a saúde da mulher e do feto. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. As buscas na literatura foram realizadas na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde; Medline via Pubmed e Web of Science. Resultados: Foram incluídos 21 artigos. Os estudos demonstram que mulheres vítimas na gravidez apresentam maior vulnerabilidade a sofrimento psicológico, apresentando elevação nos níveis de estresse, tristeza, angústia, transtorno mental comum e ideação suicida. Elas são mais suscetíveis a baixa adesão ao pré-natal e a problemas ginecológicos e obstétricos, apresentando chances elevadas de infecção no trato urinário e vaginais, aumento do risco de internações pré-natais e maiores chances de evoluírem para morbidade materna aguda grave. Para a saúde do concepto, exposição a violência está relacionada a chance aumentada a ocorrência de aborto espontâneo, crescimento intrauterino restrito, parto prematuro, baixo peso ao nascer, morte perinatal, mortalidade infantil e na infância. Ainda foi demonstrado que a violência materna no período gestacional está associada a baixa adesão a imunização da criança, menor duração do aleitamento materno e com a necessidade de encaminhar a criança para o acompanhamento especializado para a triagem neonatal auditiva. Conclusão: O impacto da VPI em mulheres grávidas e em seus filhos evidencia a importância de uma maior atenção a essa problemática. No entanto, a desigualdade de gênero representa o cerne das possibilidades de romper o ciclo da VPI no período gestacional e suas consequências para saúde do binômio mãe-bebê.

Copyright of Saberes Plurais is the property of Saberes Plurais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To analyze the behavior of the maternal mortality ratio from 2012 to 2021 in the North Region of Brazil. Population-based descriptive ecological study and time series, from 2012 to 2021, with secondary data from the Northern Region of Brazil, available on the Monitoring Panel for Maternal Mortality and Live Births. Between 2012 and 2019, in the North Region, the average maternal mortality ratio was 72.19, but, with the COVID-19 pandemic, it increased considerably, being 92.16 in 2020 and 164 in 2021. Roraima presented higher maternal mortality in the pandemic, in February 2021 (705.65). That year, the collapse of the health system in Amazonas affected the maternal mortality ratio, which was 436.90 in February 2021. COVID-19 collaborated with the increase in maternal mortality, highlighting interstate inequalities and vulnerabilities in prenatal care, hospital, and socioeconomic infrastructure in the North Region, especially in Roraima and Amazonas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo: Identificar as evidências científicas sobre as repercussões da Violência do Parceiro Íntimo (VPI) na gravidez sobre a saúde da mulher e do feto. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. As buscas na literatura foram realizadas na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde; Medline via Pubmed e Web of Science. Resultados: Foram incluídos 21 artigos. Os estudos demonstram que mulheres vítimas na gravidez apresentam maior vulnerabilidade a sofrimento psicológico, apresentando elevação nos níveis de estresse, tristeza, angústia, transtorno mental comum e ideação suicida. Elas são mais suscetíveis a baixa adesão ao pré-natal e a problemas ginecológicos e obstétricos, apresentando chances elevadas de infecção no trato urinário e vaginais, aumento do risco de internações pré-natais e maiores chances de evoluírem para morbidade materna aguda grave. Para a saúde do concepto, exposição a violência está relacionada a chance aumentada a ocorrência de aborto espontâneo, crescimento intrauterino restrito, parto prematuro, baixo peso ao nascer, morte perinatal, mortalidade infantil e na infância. Ainda foi demonstrado que a violência materna no período gestacional está associada a baixa adesão a imunização da criança, menor duração do aleitamento materno e com a necessidade de encaminhar a criança para o acompanhamento especializado para a triagem neonatal auditiva. Conclusão: O impacto da VPI em mulheres grávidas e em seus filhos evidencia a importância de uma maior atenção a essa problemática. No entanto, a desigualdade de gênero representa o cerne das possibilidades de romper o ciclo da VPI no período gestacional e suas consequências para saúde do binômio mãe-bebê.

A esferocitose hereditária (EH), embora rara, constitui a principal causa de anemia hemolítica hereditária, tendo uma apresentação clínica muito diversa. Raros casos de grávidas com EH estão publicados, tendo um impacto incerto nos desfechos maternos e fetais. Os relatos de gestações complicadas por EH e de complicações trombóticas ou hipertensão portal são particularmente escassos. Apresentamos o caso de uma grávida esplenectomizada, com EH e hipertensão portal não cirrótica. A utente apresentava polimorfismos da metiltetrahidrofolato redutase e fator inibidor do ativador do plasminogénio, mutações com impacto controverso no risco trombótico. Durante a gestação não ocorreu deterioração hemodinâmica ou hepática, diagnosticando-se restrição de crescimento fetal tardia que não condicionou término precoce da gravidez. Cinco semanas após o parto, surgiu um quadro de dor abdominal, tendo-se diagnosticado trombose de veia mesentérica. Descrevemos a nossa experiência de vigilância da gravidez, parto e puerpério de uma mulher com EH grave, com destaque para potenciais complicações associadas à EH.

Copyright of Minas Gerais Medical Journal / Revista Médica de Minas Gerais is the property of Associacao Medica de Minas Gerais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Minas Gerais Medical Journal / Revista Médica de Minas Gerais is the property of Associacao Medica de Minas Gerais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte is the property of Redprint Editora Ltda. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that more than 40% of pregnant women worldwide have anemia, and that half of them suffer from iron deficiency. The prevalence of this in Latin America is 40%, and in Colombia, 44.7%. Physiologically, a problem called "dilutional anemia" occurs during pregnancy. There are conditions in pregnant women that predispose them to suffering from pathological anemia. The latter is mainly caused by iron deficiency, hence the importance of diagnosing this entity on time and starting treatment. Iron administration is the basis of treatment of anemia caused by iron deficiency. It can be administered orally, which is the preferred option in the majority of patients. However, when this is not possible, parenteral iron must be used. However, parenteral iron is rarely used as the first line of treatment of gestational anemia. The objective of this article is to carry out a review that allows for the identification of therapy with parenteral iron as an efficient alternative for the treatment for gestational anemia, considering the pharmacological characteristics, administration, and use among the different molecules available in Colombia. Methodology. We carried out a search in databases and electronic libraries. The criteria considered were texts published between 1996 and 2020 in Spanish and English. 95 articles were obtained, of which 49 were selected. The keywords for their search were physiology, parenteral iron, gestational anemia, iron deficit, pregnancy complications, iron compounds, pharmacokinetics, diagnosis, and treatment. Division of Covered Topics. Physiology; diagnostic aids; pharmacological characteristics of parenteral iron; advantages, indications, and contraindications of parenteral iron; secondary effects and application method. Conclusions. Parenteral iron is a safe and efficient treatment to handle anemia during pregnancy. The indications and pharmacology of the molecules must be considered to choose the most appropriate option. In addition, it replaces iron reserves and hemoglobin levels more quickly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experiências de complicações graves na gravidez podem revelar questões negligenciadas ou despercebidas no cuidado prestado. O objetivo deste estudo é compreender tais questões por meio das memórias de mulheres do interior do nordeste brasileiro que vivenciaram tais episódios. Para tanto, foi realizada pesquisa qualitativa mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas e análise de conteúdo, ancorada no Interacionismo Simbólico. Aponta-se uma avaliação negativa das mulheres quanto aos cuidados recebidos durante a gravidez. As cicatrizes dolorosas acompanham o cotidiano dessas mulheres, que seguem dilaceradas por consequências psicológicas, físicas e emocionais. Espera-se incitar reflexões urgentes e críticas entre os diferentes atores e instituições envolvidos na temática para impedir que mulheres sejam submetidas a situações iníquas e evitáveis de sofrimento, vulnerabilidade e vulneração, como vem ocorrendo.

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: In 2019, an infectious disease known as COVID-19 emerged, which causes respiratory failure and pneumonia in affected individuals, with a high mortality rate. The profile of more severely compromised individuals has changed over time and pregnant women are now included in this scenario because they are more susceptible to respiratory microorganisms. Objective: Check the main complications that COVID-19 can cause in pregnant. Materials and methods: Integrative review in the VHL (Virtual Health Library) and Pubmed (United States National Library of Medicine) databases, from 2020 to 2021, using the PICO strategy to elaborate the guiding question of the research. Results: 1,161 articles were found, which after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 9 are selected for the analysis of their respective aspects: title, objective, methods and/or instruments used and the results of each article. Conclusion: Covid-19 triggered various repercussions/complications in the maternal and/or fetal organism, such as: preeclampsia, premature birth, premature rupture of membranes, thrombotic events and emergency cesarean, thus causing deleterious effects compromising health and generating negative impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RESUMO Uma mulher com 37 anos de idade, gestante de 35 semanas, foi admitida em um hospital local em razão de epistaxe grave, que resultou em choque e em necessidade de realização de cesárea emergencial. Após falha do tamponamento para controlar a hemorragia, decidiu-se por tratamento angiográfico. Após o procedimento, ela foi admitida à unidade de terapia intensiva neurocrítica, encontrando-se confusa e agitada, com necessidade de sedação e intubação orotraqueal. Na unidade de terapia intensiva, as investigações incluíram exames de ressonância magnética, punção lombar com painel viral, eletroencefalograma, testes para autoimunidade e avaliações hidroeletrolítica e metabólica. O exame de ressonância magnética mostrou área puntiforme restrita na corona radiata esquerda nas sequências de imagens pesadas em difusão, além de leve edema cortical posterior (sem restrição à difusão), e o eletroencefalograma mostrou atividade lenta difusa moderada, atividade frontoparietal lenta e escassos componentes paroxísticos associados no hemisfério esquerdo. Outros exames não mostraram alterações relevantes. Por causa da relação temporal e da história clínica, assim como imagens de ressonância magnética, formulou-se o diagnóstico de encefalopatia induzida por contraste. A sedação foi retirada após 2 dias na unidade de terapia intensiva, e a paciente foi extubada, verificando-se completa recuperação neurológica dentro das 24 horas seguintes.

A gravidez é um período caracterizado por alterações cutâneas significativas e complexas, as quais podem ter um grande impacto na vida da mulher. As manifestações cutâneas associadas a este período dividem-se habitualmente em alterações fisiológicas relacionadas com a gravidez, dermatoses pré-existentes modificadas pela gravidez e dermatoses específicas da gravidez, podendo estas últimas estar associadas a morbidade fetal significativa. O diagnóstico das alterações cutâneas associadas à gravidez pode constituir um desafio devido à variabilidade na sua apresentação clínica, sendo fundamental uma história clínica completa e detalhada e um exame físico minucioso. Os clínicos dedicados aos cuidados de saúde primários devem saber reconhecer estas entidades e providenciar algumas estratégias terapêuticas, bem como referenciar as utentes sempre que exista risco para a mãe e/ou para o feto. Na abordagem das entidades mais complexas é fundamental uma equipa multidisciplinar, envolvendo dermatologistas, pediatras, obstetras e médicos de família, de forma a que se consiga simultânea e rapidamente o alívio sintomático da mãe e a minimização do risco fetal.

Objective: To analyze the socioeconomic, demographic, environmental, reproductive, behavioral, and health-care factors associated with preterm birth. Methods: Case-control study, with case group composed of preterm infants and the control group by full term live births. Each case was paired with two controls according to sex and date of birth. Interviews were carried out with the mothers, as well as analysis of medical records. A logistic regression model was used for data analysis following the hierarchical order of entry of the blocks. Results: 221 live births were allocated in the case group and 442 in the control group. After analysis adjusted for other factors under study, the highest chances of prematurity were associated with being the first child (OR 1.96; 95%CI 1.34-2.86; p=0.001); mothers with the highest income (OR 2.08; 95%CI 1.41-3.08; p<0.001), mothers with previous preterm births (OR 3.98; 95%CI 2.04-7.79; p<0.001), mothers that suffered violence during pregnancy (OR 2.50; 95%CI 1.31-4.78; p=0.005) and underwent cesarean section (OR 2.35; 95%CI 1.63-3.38; p<0.001). Live births to mothers who had more than six prenatal consultations had a lower risk of prematurity (OR 0.39; 95%CI 0.26-0.58; p<0.001). Conclusions: The factors associated with a higher chance of prematurity were: higher family income, previous preterm child, primiparity, violence against pregnant women and cesarean section. Having attended more than six prenatal visits was associated with a lower chance of premature birth. Violence against pregnant women showed a strong and consistent association, remaining in all final models, and should serve as an alert for the population and professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objectives: to analyze the epidemiological profile and trend of maternal deaths that occurred in Brazil, in the Brazilian Northeast and in Alagoas between 2012 and 2019. Methods: data were obtained through the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (SUS), Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and the Mortality Information System (SIM) of the Ministry of Health, using 01 independent variable, the year, and 03 dependent variables, the maternal mortality rate, race/color of the woman and age group. For data analysis, the Joinpoint Regression program version 4.1.1 was used. Results: the national numbers and those for the Northeast region coincide, with an increase among MIF aged 40-49 years, however in the Northeast, regarding presumable causes, there was an increase in black and indigenous races/colors. As for defined maternal deaths, both the Northeast and Brazil showed an increasing trend among brown race/color. In Alagoas, there was a growth trend among Women of Childbearing Age (MIF) in the 40-49 age group and in unknown race/color. In deaths with no presumable cause, there is a growing trend in the group aged 40 to 49 years and ignored race/color. There was an increase in declared maternal deaths among indigenous race/color, also increasing when direct obstetric causes and abortions were considered. Conclusions: this problem remains a public health problem and mainly affects groups that are more vulnerable, and it is essential to break down social barriers to access quality health services and invest in measures aimed at improving living conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of RSBO: Revista Sul-Brasileira de Odontologia is the property of UNIVILLE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A análise das mortes maternas é fundamental para a compreensão do processo do cuidado obstétrico oferecido pelos serviços de saúde, identificar os problemas existentes durante este cuidado e adotar medidas e ações que possam minimizar estas ocorrências. Dentre as diversas iniciativas para reduzir a mortalidade materna, uma destas está no acompanhamento de casos de mulheres que quase morreram conceituado como Near Miss. É conhecido que para cada caso de morte materna, um maior número de mulheres sobrevive a complicações graves, podendo apresentar sequelas permanentes e recém-natos também podem apresentar alta morbimortalidade. Deste modo, o objetivo deste relato de experiência é descrever a implantação, os desafios e as perspectivas na constituição da Comissão Interna de Near Miss Materno em um hospital de referência em Gestação de Alto Risco localizado no Sudoeste do Paraná.

Pregnant women have higher rates of COVID-19, associated hospitalizations and severe hospital outcomes, which may be related to differences in social determinants of health. Some of the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 overlap with the symptoms of normal pregnancy, chest X-rays may be normal in the initial or mild illness, and laboratory findings are similar to those of non-pregnant people. The usual doses of dexamethasone are used to complete the course of maternal treatment for COVID-19, prophylactic anticoagulation is recommended, if there are no contraindications for its use, on the use of anti-inflammatories there are anecdotal reports of possible effects negative results of NSAIDs in patients with COVID-19, with paracetamol being the preferred antipyretic and analgesic agent. Remdesivir is the most promising agent and has been used without in some women with severe COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to analyze the association between complications and advanced maternal age during pregnancy. Method: retrospective study of quantitative approach based on the analysis of medical records of women of advanced age whose delivery occurred in a teaching hospital in southern Brazil. The collection took place from 2015 to 2018. Analyses were performed using Pearson's Chi-Square and/or Fisher's exact tests, Mann-Whitney U and prevalence ratio. Results: 1,336 medical records were evaluated. Pre-gestational systemic arterial hypertension, preeclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus presented higher mean maternal age. Women aged over 40 years were 1.06 times more likely to develop preeclampsia and 1.33 times to develop intrauterine growth restriction. Conclusion: the increased age showed a relationship with complications, especially in pregnant women aged over 40 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Resumo Objetivo: descrever características sociodemográficas e assistenciais de mulheres que morreram por causa materna em Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. Métodos: estudo descritivo utilizando o Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade, fichas de investigação e fichas-síntese de óbitos maternos, precoces e tardios, ocorridos entre 2006 e 2017, com evitabilidade avaliada pelo Comitê Municipal de Mortalidade Materna. Resultados: identificaram-se 171 óbitos, 133 no puerpério; a maior parte dos óbitos ocorreu em negras (68,4%), sem companheiro (60,2%), acompanhadas com atendimento pré-natal (77,2%), de parto em maternidades/hospitais (97,1%), assistidas por obstetras (82,6%); das mulheres com complicações puerperais, 10,4% não tiveram assistência; óbitos evitáveis/provavelmente evitáveis corresponderam a 81,9%, por causas indiretas (n=80) e diretas (n=79). Conclusão: as mortes ocorreram principalmente no puerpério e em negras; falhas assistenciais foram frequentes; é necessária melhor vigilância e acompanhamento dos serviços de saúde no período gravídico-puerperal, em Recife.

RESUMO Com o objetivo de verificar a prevalência da ansiedade e depressão em mulheres com morbidade materna grave (near miss), foi realizado estudo de coorte transversal, com 549 mulheres. Para tanto, foram utilizados o Inventário de Beck de Depressão (BDI) e o Inventário de Ansiedade (BAI). Na análise estatística, aplicaram-se o teste do qui-quadrado de Pearson e o U-Mann-Whitney, além de Razões de Chances brutas e seus Intervalos com 95% de confiança. Houve maior prevalência e maior chance de desenvolver a ansiedade e depressão na MMG/NM, bem como a relação positiva e significativa entre ambos. Considera-se a associação do ponto de vista psicológico, como um fator grave e impactante na saúde mental da mulher.

RESUMO Objetivo: conhecer as percepções de gestantes internadas em um serviço de referência em alto risco sobre gerar um filho com alguma doença preexistente e descrever a expressão de sentimentos ao vivenciarem a experiência de desenvolver uma gestação na situação de risco. Método: trata-se de estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, realizado com 18 gestantes que se encontravam na maternidade do Hospital Regional do Sudoeste do Paraná, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. A coleta foi realizada entre os meses de abril e junho de 2017 Resultados: delinearam-se duas categorias e foi possível constatar q ue essas gestantes sentem-se muitas vezes despreparadas para gerar um filho, mudam toda sua rotina de vida e entregam seu futuro nas mãos de Deus, vindo à tona o medo, preocupação, insegurança, ansiedade, felicidade e culpa. Conclusão: o estudo revelou a necessidade que essas gestantes apresentam de expressar seus sentimentos, porém, esse lado da maternidade é, muitas vezes, negligenciado, não sendo evidenciada pelos profissionais a influência significativa que oferece no desenvolvimento da gestação.

A endometriose é uma doença benigna, crónica e estrogénio-dependente. Pensa-se que a gravidez tenha um efeito positivo na endometriose através da inibição da ovulação, contudo tem surgido evidência da associação da endometriose não só com infertilidade, mas também com complicações obstétricas. Descreve-se o caso de uma grávida de 34 semanas, com antecedentes clínicos e ecográficos sugestivos de endometriose, admitida por dor abdominal súbita e intensa. Durante a cesariana emergente, realizada por bradicardia fetal sustentada, constatou-se a presença de um volumoso hemoperitoneu e focos hemorrágicos na parede uterina posterior. Apesar de raro, o hemoperitoneu espontâneo é uma complicação possível na gravidez, sobretudo em mulheres com antecedentes de endometriose. Dadas as complicações materno-fetais associadas, uma rápida suspeição diagnóstica e intervenção são fundamentais.

Aim: to identify the impact of maternal and perinatal characteristics on the evolution of newborns admitted to the neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Method: A quantitative cross-sectional research carried out from April to June 2017 in a neonatal ICU of a reference hospital for high-risk gestation. Data collection was made possible through medical records and declarations of live births. The data were analyzed through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences® (SPSS) software. Results: it has been demonstrated an association between death and extreme low birth weight (p 7 strictly related (p

Objective: To analyze aspects related to hospitalizations due to pregnancy complications. Method: Quantitative, retrospective study, carried out in a public maternity hospital in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil, with 367 medical records of pregnant women hospitalized in the high-risk ward, in the period 2015-2016. Descriptive and inferential analyzes were carried out. Results: Pregnant women had an average of 25.1 years (standard deviation = 7.2), most with a partner (68.4%), incomplete elementary school (32.7%), home (58.6%) and coming from from the interior of Piauí (47.7%). The most frequent gestational complications were: Severe Preeclampsia (33.9%), Premature Amniorrexis (16.4%) and Oligohydramnios (16.1%). The aspects related to severe preeclampsia were age group (p-value = 0.03) and marital status (p-value = 0.03); Premature Amniorrexis were marital status (p-value = 0.01), origin (p-value = 0.03) and Urinary Tract Infection (p-value <0.01); and the Oligohydramnium associated with the origin (p-value = 0.01). Conclusion: Assistance in the prenatal, childbirth and puerperium period should be a resource used in the prevention and control of complications that can mitigate damage to the mother and child. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumo Introdução A mortalidade materna representa um evento de grande magnitude no Brasil e no mundo, refletindo a falta de acesso aos serviços de saúde e as condições socioeconômicas desfavoráveis. Objetivo Relacionar as alterações maternas com o desfecho gravídico-puerperal no óbito materno. Métodos Estudo transversal e retrospectivo, conduzido com dados coletados de 53 prontuários de gestantes e puérperas que foram a óbito em um hospital estadual referência em gestação de alto risco em Goiás. Resultados A mortalidade ocorreu mais frequentemente em mulheres com idade entre 20 e 34 anos (76%), solteiras (55%), primigestas (38%), procedentes do interior do Estado (60%) e com parto na instituição do estudo (62%). As principais causas obstétricas de óbito foram as diretas (55%), com predomínio no período puerperal (83%). A razão da mortalidade materna correspondeu a 228,4 por 100 mil nascidos vivos. Houve uma associação significativa entre as complicações no parto e o local de ocorrência do parto (P=0,001). Conclusão O óbito materno ocorreu em solteiras, com idade reprodutiva, procedentes de outros municípios, por causas diretas e no puerpério. Ressalta-se a necessidade de melhorar o acesso aos serviços de saúde em obstetrícia, pois a maioria dos casos pode ser prevenida.

Introduction: Advanced maternal age is defined as maternity after 35 years old and is associated with more complications during pregnancy and neonatal period as well as decreased fertility. This study aims to examine the relationship between advanced maternal age and their maternal and fetal consequences, as well as maternal perception of the risk of pregnancy after 35 years old. Material and Methods: Observational, retrospective and comparative study, between two groups: advanced maternal age group (aged ≥ 35 years) and non-advanced maternal age group (age < 35 years), onducted between March and June 2015. Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were used and considered significant if p < 0.05. Results: Of the 736 women admitted to the hospital (32.2% with advanced maternal age), 306 were included in the study (153 in each group). In the non-advanced maternal age group there was a greater number of primiparous women (p < 0.01). In the advanced maternal age group, more previous miscarriages were observed (p < 0.001), as well as a higher use of assisted reproductive techniques (p < 0.01), preformed of amniocentesis (p < 0.001) and dystocia, including caesarean sections (p < 0.001). No association was found regarding the presence of maternal complications in pregnancy, birth defects, need for neonatal resuscitation or prematurity. As for the perception of risk in pregnancy, the non-advanced maternal age group considered it to be superior (p < 0.05). Discussion: Most women of advanced maternal age have term deliveries without complications. Neonatal outcomes seem not to have been influenced by the advanced maternal age. Conclusion: The consequences of an advanced maternal age pregnancy in this sample did not have the same clinical expression as described in the literature. In the future, advanced maternal age will possibly be considered after age 40.

Introduction: Gestational diabetes is one of the diseases associated with pregnancy with higher rate of complications. Despite being a transitory condition, short and long term complications related to gestational diabetes have been described. There is scientific evidence to say that good metabolic control decreases perinatal complications. In 2011, new criteria was proposed for its diagnosis, which made possible its diagnosis during the 1st trimester of pregnancy. The aim of this study is to compare neonatal morbidity in two groups of women with gestational diabetes diagnosis before and after the latest Portuguese guidelines for diabetes and pregnancy were published (February 2011). Material and Methods: We included all newborns born in Maternidade Bissaya Barreto whose mother, followed at our maternity between 2008 and 2013, had unifetal pregnancy complicated by diabetes. We used a perinatal database and analysed the impact of the new guidelines in perinatal morbidity over two periods of three years. Results: There were 774 women who met the inclusion criteria. We found that gestational diabetes was diagnosed earlier, insulin therapy was more frequent. Neonatal morbidity was increased, and there were more cases of neonatal hypoglycemia and congenital anomalies, and newborns became smaller for gestational age. Discussion: The increase in neonatal morbidity was associated with early diagnosis and rigorous metabolic control. Conclusion: To analyse national data will be fundamental to understand this unexpected increase in morbidity.

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The prevalence and characteristics of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have changed over time, reflecting the nutritional transition and changes in diagnostic criteria. We aimed to evaluate characteristics of women with GDM over a 20-year interval. DESIGN AND SETTING: Comparison of two pregnancy cohorts enrolled in different periods, in university hospitals in Porto Alegre, Brazil: 1991 to 1993 (n = 216); and 2009 to 2013 (n = 375). METHODS: We applied two diagnostic criteria to the cohorts: International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG)/World Health Organization (WHO); and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). We compared maternal-fetal characteristics and outcomes between the cohorts and within each cohort. RESULTS: The women in the 2010s cohort were older (31 ± 7 versus 30 ± 6 years), more frequently obese (29.4% versus 15.2%), with more hypertensive disorders (14.1% versus 5.6%) and at increased risk of cesarean section (adjusted relative risk 1.8; 95% confidence interval: 1.4 - 2.3), compared with those in the 1990s cohort. Neonatal outcomes such as birth weight category and hypoglycemia were similar. In the 1990s cohort, women only fulfilling IADPSG/WHO or only fulfilling NICE criteria had similar characteristics and outcomes; in the 2010s cohort, women only diagnosed through IADPSG/WHO were more frequently obese than those diagnosed only through NICE (33 ± 8 kg/m2 versus 28 ± 6 kg/m2; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The epidemic of obesity seems to have modified the profile of women with GDM. Despite similar neonatal outcomes, there were differences in the intensity of treatment over time. The IADPSG/WHO criteria seemed to identify a profile more associated with obesity.

Introdução: A incontinência urinária pode afetar até 50% das mulheres em alguma fase das suas vidas, nomeadamente durante a gravidez. Este estudo foi desenhado com a finalidade de identificar e avaliar a prevalência e fatores de risco para incontinência urinária durante o terceiro trimestre da gravidez e três meses após o parto. Material e Métodos: Estudo observacional e transversal. A população do estudo incluiu 268 puérperas, que tiveram parto no Centro Hospitalar Tâmega e Sousa, em 2013 e 2014. Foram avaliadas durante o período de internamento após o parto. As parturientes foram convidadas a preencher um questionário adaptado, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form, para investigação da incontinência urinária no terceiro trimestre da gravidez, para o qual deram consentimento. Três meses após o parto, foram contactadas telefonicamente e convidadas a responder às mesmas questões acerca da incontinência urinária no pós-parto. Resultados: Das 268 mulheres entrevistadas, 31 foram excluídas do estudo, tendo em conta os critérios de inclusão e exclusão definidos. No total (n = 237), 51,89% das mulheres incluídas no estudo, relataram a ocorrência de incontinência urinária durante a gravidez. A prevalência da incontinência urinária na gravidez, segundo a paridade (primíparas versus multíparas), foi estatisticamente significativa (p = 0,006). No pós-parto (n = 237), 28,69% das mulheres com incontinência urinária tiveram parto vaginal e 5,91% das mulheres foram submetidas a cesariana (p = 0,001). Neste grupo de mulheres com incontinência urinária pós-parto (n = 82), 31,69% apresentaram incontinência urinária de novo e 68,31% das mulheres já apresentavam sintomatologia durante a gravidez (p < 0,001). Discussão: Este estudo demonstra a elevada prevalência da incontinência urinária na gravidez e a respetiva redução no pós-parto. Conclusão: A multiparidade e a ocorrência de incontinência urinária na gravidez surgem como possíveis fatores de risco no aparecimento da incontinência urinária.