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Objective: Consumer involvement is when patients (their families, friends, and caregivers) work with researchers on research projects. While health services are expected to support consumer–researcher collaborations, conducive environments still need to be developed, with limited research into how Australian health services support this practice. This study explores current consumer involvement in research activity and staff perceptions at an Australian tertiary hospital and health service. Methods: Research-active employees at a health service were invited to participate in an online cross-sectional survey. It assessed experience with and confidence in involving consumers in research, the perceived value of consumer involvement, and considerations related to challenges, facilitators, and solutions to enhance consumer involvement in health service research. Results: Among 83 respondents, including medical, nursing, and allied health professionals, 54 completed the survey. Approximately half had experience with involving consumers in research. Over 80% recognised that involving consumers enhanced research relevance. Identified barriers included challenges in finding (46.6%) and compensating (59.3%) consumers, as well as deficiencies in researcher skills, knowledge (32.2%), and time constraints (39%). Facilitators comprised access to experienced researchers and educational opportunities. Moreover, 87% advocated for increased support to involve consumers within health services, with the appointment of a designated consumer involvement officer deemed the most beneficial solution by 92.5% of respondents. Conclusions: While individual barriers inhibit consumer involvement in research, more prominent institutional factors such as financial and technical support may determine successful and meaningful collaborations. As health services evolve towards co-design models in research, the outcomes of this study will guide initiatives aimed at enhancing consumer involvement in the research process within Australian health services. What is known about the topic? Consumer involvement is crucial for ensuring quality and relevance in research. However, limited research exists on consumer–researcher collaborations in Australian health services. What does this paper add? This study explores staff experiences and perceptions of consumer involvement in research at an Australian health service. It offers insights into barriers and solutions to consumer–researcher collaborations, enhancing understanding in this area. What are the implications for practitioners? Practitioners gain insights into enhancing consumer involvement in research, understanding barriers like resource constraints, and advocating for designated roles. This fosters more meaningful collaborations and improves research impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To explore the perspectives of primary caregivers of children with cerebral palsy (CP) who had spinal surgery for scoliosis. Materials and Methods: A qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews and guided by qualitative description methodology. Participants were caregivers of children with CP aged 5–18, who had undergone spinal surgery for scoliosis in Australia. The research team included a parent with lived experience. Results: Fourteen participants (8 biological mothers), aged 40–49 years, completed online semi-structured interviews. Four themes were identified emerged. Life with a child with CP underpinned all experiences which were founded on familiarity with their child, medical procedures, and hospitalisation. Three subthemes were parents are the experts in knowing their child, children are vulnerable, and impact on caregivers. Theme 2 involved the significance of decision making to proceed with surgery. Theme 3 underscored a need to be prepared for the surgical journey and, in Theme 4, participants spoke of needing to expect the unexpected. Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of understanding caregiver experiences and can help inform health professionals and other families in the decision-making process, preparing for and navigating spinal surgery. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Spinal surgery for scoliosis in children with cerebral palsy is a major surgery and poses substantial challenges for the family. Understanding the magnitude of the decision for families to proceed with surgery will equip health professionals to adequately support and partner with families. Detailed information and extensive preparation are necessary for families to proceed with and navigate surgery, the hospital stay and to return home and to the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectiveMethodsResultsConclusionThe purpose of this study is to determine the views of Lived Experience Workers (LEWs) and Mental Health Clinicians (MHCs) from a regional mental health service in Victoria on the perceived roles, responsibilities and role challenges of LEWs.This was a qualitative study that employed one-to-one interviews with LEWs and MHCs from a regional hospital in Victoria, Australia. Data were analysed thematically.Eight participants were interviewed for the study (5 LEWs and 3 MHCs). Five categories emerged from the data. They were: Views of mental health clinicians on the roles and responsibilities of LEWs, Views of a Peer Support Worker (PSW) on their roles and responsibilities, Roles and responsibilities of Consumer Consultants, Views of a Carer Consultant on their roles and responsibilities, and LEW role challenges. Some key findings were: PSWs also helped close the communication gap between the clinician and the consumer and helped in the education of medical students; Consumer and carer consultants had more advisory and leadership roles in the organisation; LEW roles were not formalised by the organisation resulting in some confusion.Standardisation of the roles of the lived experience workforce in Victorian mental health services will require larger studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Medication‐related problems remain a significant burden despite the availability of various interventions and services in primary care. Involving health care consumers to design interventions or services across health disciplines is becoming more widely used as this type of engagement reportedly leads to more accessible, acceptable and sustainable health services and quality of life. We conducted a scoping review to examine when and how consumers have been involved in the design and development of medication safety interventions or services within the primary care. Methods: We searched five key databases (MEDLINE (EBSCOhost), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), PsycINFO (EBSCOhost), Embase (Elsevier) and Cochrane Library (Wiley)) for relevant articles published up to February 2024. Studies were included if they involved adult consumers (≥ 18 years), their families, carers or the wider community as stakeholders. This review only included studies where the aim was to improve safe and effective medication use, delivered exclusively in primary care. To examine consumer involvement approaches and methods we adapted a framework describing the stages of consumer involvement for the data extraction tool. Results: Overall, 15 studies were included (comprising 24 articles). Codesign, experience‐based codesign, coproduction and participatory action research were commonly used approaches. Meetings, interviews, surveys/questionnaires were commonly used methods. Two studies reported consumer involvement across all stages of the research study, and only one study described the consumer experience of being involved in the research process. The impact of consumer involvement on the effectiveness of these services or interventions was mixed. Conclusion: The potential benefits of consumer involvement in the design and development of medication safety interventions or services may not have been fully maximised, given that genuine consumer involvement across all stages of the research study appears uncommon. More transparent and consistent reporting around the description of consumers involved, their experience of being involved and overall impact and quality of consumer participation is needed. Patient or Public Contribution: This scoping review was undertaken without consumers, patients, service users, caregivers or people with lived experience or members of the public due to resource limitations. This scoping review was undertaken and written by academics, who have undertaken codesign with consumers and stakeholders and also have personal lived experience of medication‐related problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

India being the largest user base for Instagram is witnessing a tremendous growth in commercial content on the social media platform. Given the magnitude of promotional clutter on the platform, the study seeks to examine Instagram promotions by Indian influencers—spanning celebrities in cinema, sports, music, and other digital creators—through the lens of celebrity endorsement and consumer involvement literature. The study analysed 363 commercial posts by top Indian Instagram influencers, examining key advertising variables like product hierarchy, appeal, influencer type, portrayal, and product-influencer match. Apart from this, each post's commercial theme was also identified for thematic analysis. Association between the variables was tested and the results were critically examined in the light of the Three-orders hierarchy model. Learning Hierarchy products were the most promoted on Instagram, followed by Low Involvement and Attribution Hierarchy products. The association of product hierarchy with the match-up, the appeal of the post and the theme were found to be significant. The findings suggest that marketers do consider the level of consumer involvement expected and the perceived product differentiation when deciding about the type of match-up, appeal and theme to be utilized for a commercial Instagram post. Apart from providing a snapshot of commercial promotion on Instagram, the study is a pioneering effort to examine commercial posts from the perspective of key variables in advertising effectiveness. Thus, the study also highlights the extent to which marketers have adopted the recommendations from advertising literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Consumer involvement in healthcare service organisation and policy development is recognised globally as a vital strategy in improving the quality and patient-centredness of care. There are significant gaps in knowledge about consumer involvement in practice, including consumers’ engagement in the process of enhancing cancer services. This study aimed to explore consumers’ perspectives on their involvement in cancer service improvement. Methods Cancer consumer representatives were recruited through Victorian Integrated Cancer Services, Australia. Eligible consumers were, or had been, a member of a health service improvement-related committee or project and attended at least one meeting with health professionals. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted online and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Results Six experienced consumer representatives were interviewed. Perspectives on their involvement in improving cancer services were categorised into three major topics. The first addressed personal aspects of involvement, in which participants described personal motivations (e.g., having lived experience of cancer themselves or in their family), challenges encountered in committee involvement, experiences of received support in their role as a consumer representative, concerns about narrow representation, and their evolving identity as a consumer representative. The second discussed practical contributions made by consumer representatives to improve systems and services. Participants detailed their active engagement with committees and consumer-led projects, contributing both their cancer experiences and general or professional skills. The third topic focused on directions for improving consumer involvement in the health system. Suggestions highlighted widening consumer representation to include often marginalised voices to inform decision-making at local committee and health system levels. Conclusions This study enhances the real-world understanding of the role that consumer representatives play in improving cancer health services. The strategies suggested in our research provide the opportunity to enhance consumer involvement and pave the way for more effective cancer service planning and implementation across diverse healthcare settings.

Background: Consumer involvement in healthcare service organisation and policy development is recognised globally as a vital strategy in improving the quality and patient-centredness of care. There are significant gaps in knowledge about consumer involvement in practice, including consumers’ engagement in the process of enhancing cancer services. This study aimed to explore consumers’ perspectives on their involvement in cancer service improvement. Methods: Cancer consumer representatives were recruited through Victorian Integrated Cancer Services, Australia. Eligible consumers were, or had been, a member of a health service improvement-related committee or project and attended at least one meeting with health professionals. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted online and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Results: Six experienced consumer representatives were interviewed. Perspectives on their involvement in improving cancer services were categorised into three major topics. The first addressed personal aspects of involvement, in which participants described personal motivations (e.g., having lived experience of cancer themselves or in their family), challenges encountered in committee involvement, experiences of received support in their role as a consumer representative, concerns about narrow representation, and their evolving identity as a consumer representative. The second discussed practical contributions made by consumer representatives to improve systems and services. Participants detailed their active engagement with committees and consumer-led projects, contributing both their cancer experiences and general or professional skills. The third topic focused on directions for improving consumer involvement in the health system. Suggestions highlighted widening consumer representation to include often marginalised voices to inform decision-making at local committee and health system levels. Conclusions: This study enhances the real-world understanding of the role that consumer representatives play in improving cancer health services. The strategies suggested in our research provide the opportunity to enhance consumer involvement and pave the way for more effective cancer service planning and implementation across diverse healthcare settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perspectives of healthcare have, in past decades, focused more on active citizenship, human rights and empowerment. Healthcare consumer involvement as a concept is still unstructured and consumers have no apparent opportunities to participate in their care processes. The focus is often on the expertise of professionals, even if mental health consumers are willing to become involved and have sufficient decisional capacity. The aim of this integrative literature review was to construct an understanding of consumer perceptions and guiding frameworks of consumer involvement. There was no previous synthesis of mental health consumer perceptions combined with guiding frameworks. An integrative review methodology was employed, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. The quality of the 18 studies included was analysed with the Whittemore and Knafl approach. By following Braun and Clarke's guidelines, an inductive thematic analysis was conducted to collate the themes from the selected papers. Mental health consumers' perceptions of involvement included expectations of person‐centred care, such as respect, dignity, equal interaction, supportive environments and being part of a community. This research did not find any single established framework to give clear guidelines for consumer involvement in mental healthcare, but similar determinants describing various frameworks were uncovered. This review also shows how the terminology has changed throughout the years. The perceptions of mental health consumers need to be considered to enable the implementation of person‐centredness from guidelines through to practice. Paying more attention to the education of professional mental health caregivers and the involvement of mental health consumers in their care provides better opportunities to co‐develop successful mental health services and recovery processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractPurposeMaterials and MethodsResultsConclusion\nIMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONPathways and Resources for Engagement and Participation (PREP) is an intervention to optimise individuals’ participation by building problem-solving capacity and addressing environmental barriers. We investigated the feasibility of implementing PREP with young adults (18–30 years) with complex disability in Australia.Explanatory sequential mixed methods study in three stages. (i) PREP materials were collaboratively adapted by the research team and consumer research partners. (ii) Steps 1 and 2 of PREP (YA Supplement) were completed with three young adults with disability, and preliminary feasibility explored using qualitative methods. (iii) The feasibility of implementing adapted materials was examined using quantitative and qualitative methods involving four young adults with disability, six support people and two service providers.Stage 1: PREP Young Adults Supplement (PREP (YA Supplement)) for use alongside PREP was developed. Stages 2 and 3: findings indicated PREP (YA Supplement) was acceptable, appropriate and feasible. Three themes were identified: setting and achieving goals were associated with challenges and benefits; finding the right time to implement the program was necessary; and PREP (YA Supplement) drives a shift to a participation-focused approach.PREP delivered alongside PREP (YA Supplement) appears feasible with Australian young adults with complex disability.A novel supplement for the evidence-based Pathways and Resources for Engagement and Participation (PREP) intervention has been developed to enhance participation in life situations for young adults with disability in an Australian context (PREP Young Adult Supplement).Setting participation goals may be a substantial shift for young adults with disability and rehabilitation professionals, and involves considering attendance at, and involvement in, life situations.Implementation of PREP/PREP Young Adult Supplement is inherently flexible and can be adapted to suit the needs, preferences and circumstances of the participant.A novel supplement for the evidence-based Pathways and Resources for Engagement and Participation (PREP) intervention has been developed to enhance participation in life situations for young adults with disability in an Australian context (PREP Young Adult Supplement).Setting participation goals may be a substantial shift for young adults with disability and rehabilitation professionals, and involves considering attendance at, and involvement in, life situations.Implementation of PREP/PREP Young Adult Supplement is inherently flexible and can be adapted to suit the needs, preferences and circumstances of the participant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There has been a growing emphasis on consumer representation in the development of health policy, services, research, and education. Existing literature has critiqued how discourses of representativeness can disempower consumers working in health systems. The context of the current study is consumer engagement in the development of COVID-19 triage policy and practice in a local health service. Consumer engagement has often been an afterthought in the COVID response, with few examples of consumers in agenda-setting or decision-making roles. In the Australian Capital Territory, 26 consumer, carer, and community groups worked together with academics and clinicians to develop these principles. Interviews were conducted with stakeholders (including consumers, clinicians, and other health professionals) to evaluate the development of triage principles. A discursive psychological approach to analysis was used to explore participants' understandings about and constructions of consumers being representative (or not) and how this may reproduce power imbalances against consumers. The results explore two distinct ways in which participants talked about consumer representativeness: the first drawing on rhetoric about consumers as lay members of the public (as distinct from being professionally engaged in the health sector), and the second in terms of consumer representatives being diverse and having intersectional identities and experiences. Expectations about consumers to be representative of the general population may reproduce traditional power imbalances and silence lived experience expertise. These power imbalances may be challenged by a shift in the way representativeness is conceptualised to requiring health services to seek out diverse and intersectionally marginalised consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite increased attention for the use of sentinel node biopsy (SNB) for the management of vulvar cancer as a less invasive technique compared with lymph node dissection (LND), patient views on this technique are unknown. This study explored patients’ experiences of being diagnosed and treated for vulvar cancer and to enhance our understanding of the patient view of SNB.Methods: Ten women who had received surgery (with or without lymph node removal) for vulvar cancer in the previous five years participated in a semi-structured qualitative interview in 2022. A consumer-led research group guided thematic analysis of the data.Results: Ten women were interviewed ranging in age (41–82 years). Treatment included either lymph node removal during initial surgery (n = 4), or following a routine scan identifying a change (n = 2); four vulvar cancer patients were being monitored with ultrasound at the time of the interview. Five main themes were identified: (1) difficult diagnostic experiences; (2) lack of support and information; (3) challenges with treatment decision-making; (4) patients’ perspectives of LND and SNB with monitoring; (5) trauma of treatment.Conclusions: SNB seems acceptable to patients and potentially offers a less invasive alternative to standard treatment, which should be further investigated.

Abstract Research projects, initiatives and conferences that include patients as partners rather than as participants are becoming more common. Including patients as partners (what we will call ‘patient partners’) is an approach called patient engagement or involvement in research, and we will call it patient engagement throughout this paper. Patient engagement moves traditional health research conferences and events to include a broader audience for their knowledge exchange and community building efforts, beyond academics and healthcare professionals. However, there are few examples of conferences where patients are given the opportunity to fully lead. Our conference went beyond patient engagement – it was patient-led. Patient partners conceived, planned, and decided on all aspects of a virtual conference. We present the work and processes we undertook throughout 2023 to create and produce a free conference called “PxP: For patients, by patients” or PxP for short, with a tagline of “Partnering to make research stronger.” PxP was patient-led and about patient engagement in research rather than a specific disease or condition. PxP was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Institute of Musculoskeletal Health and Arthritis. The PxP website, known as the PxP Hub, now houses the conference recordings along with resources about patient engagement in research. These resources were recommended by the PxP Steering Committee members, speakers, and others who attended the 2023 conference. Here we lead you through how the idea for PxP was generated; how the international patient partner Steering Committee was convened and supported; how PxP was brought to life over nine months; the PxP 3-day event and feedback collected to improve future efforts; trade-offs, challenges and learnings; and resources required to support this type of event. We close with what the future holds for PxP in 2024 and beyond. It’s time to elevate patients into leadership roles for conferences and events, and we encourage you to adopt the PxP ethos by using or adapting our approach and resources to support your opportunity.

For many years, attempts have been made to incorporate service users into psychiatric nursing education, particularly in European countries and Australia. In Asian countries, however, concrete examples of this are notably scarce, and the limited instances of implementation lack the necessary systematic organisation and long‐term sustainability. This study systematically planned and implemented a psychiatric nursing curriculum that integrated service users in Korea. It explored the experiences of 14 nursing students and four service users (who participated as instructors) who participated in these classes. Content analysis was performed on the results of focus group interviews with the participants. Owing to the participation of service users in the programme, students focused more on the patients as human beings, with the contexts of their individual lives, rather than on their diseases. The process facilitated a deeper grasp of person‐centred psychiatric nursing and heightened student engagement in the learning process. The service users' experiences as instructors breathed new meaning into their psychiatric distress as an opportunity for new possibilities and helped them view themselves in a positive light, as members of society with self‐esteem. They made great efforts to perform well in their role as instructors. These findings provide substantial evidence to support the expanded and sustained implementation of service user participation in future psychiatric nursing education. Establishing a national consortium to foster and support service user instructors could greatly improve psychiatric nursing education and related outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research projects, initiatives and conferences that include patients as partners rather than as participants are becoming more common. Including patients as partners (what we will call 'patient partners') is an approach called patient engagement or involvement in research, and we will call it patient engagement throughout this paper. Patient engagement moves traditional health research conferences and events to include a broader audience for their knowledge exchange and community building efforts, beyond academics and healthcare professionals. However, there are few examples of conferences where patients are given the opportunity to fully lead. Our conference went beyond patient engagement – it was patient-led. Patient partners conceived, planned, and decided on all aspects of a virtual conference. We present the work and processes we undertook throughout 2023 to create and produce a free conference called "PxP: For patients, by patients" or PxP for short, with a tagline of "Partnering to make research stronger." PxP was patient-led and about patient engagement in research rather than a specific disease or condition. PxP was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Institute of Musculoskeletal Health and Arthritis. The PxP website, known as the PxP Hub, now houses the conference recordings along with resources about patient engagement in research. These resources were recommended by the PxP Steering Committee members, speakers, and others who attended the 2023 conference. Here we lead you through how the idea for PxP was generated; how the international patient partner Steering Committee was convened and supported; how PxP was brought to life over nine months; the PxP 3-day event and feedback collected to improve future efforts; trade-offs, challenges and learnings; and resources required to support this type of event. We close with what the future holds for PxP in 2024 and beyond. It's time to elevate patients into leadership roles for conferences and events, and we encourage you to adopt the PxP ethos by using or adapting our approach and resources to support your opportunity. Plain English summary: Patients are often included in health research as study participants. Involving patients as partners in research projects or conferences is becoming more common. This approach is called patient engagement or involvement. Traditional health research conferences are by and for academic researchers or healthcare professionals. These events rarely include patients as the main attendees or in the planning. While some research conferences are starting to use patient engagement, few are designed and led by patients. We share our work on a conference led and designed by patients. In 2023, our team co-created a free conference called "PxP." PxP is short for "For patients, by patients." The conference tagline was "Partnering to make research stronger." PxP was focused on patient engagement in research rather than any one health problem. PxP was supported by the Institute of Musculoskeletal Health and Arthritis. This is one of 13 Canadian Institutes of Health Research. A free online PxP Hub now hosts all of the conference recordings and many resources. We share how the idea for PxP came about, how the international patient partner Steering Committee came together and was supported to plan and bring PxP to life, the PxP conference and feedback, challenges and what we learned, and resources needed. It's time for patients to have a leadership role for conferences and events. Through sharing this example, we encourage others to adopt the PxP ethos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the research is to determine the relationship between consumer involvement in QR code applications and purchasing decision involvement and the effect level of this relationship. Generation Z consumers constitute the population of research. Since it was not possible to reach the entire generation Z within the scope of the research, the research was carried out using the purposeful sampling method, which is one of the non-probability sampling types. The research was conducted online, and the relationships between variables were tested over the data of 394 people participating in the study, and the accuracy of the hypotheses formed was tested. In the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were performed using the statistical package program. As a result of the research, it was determined that there is a moderate and significant (p<0,001) relationship between the variables of "hedonic value" (r=,575; p=,000) and "perception towards the brand" (r=,643; p=,000), and the "purchase decision involvement" variable, which are sub-dimensions of consumer involvement towards QR code applications. At the same time, it is another result of the research that the variables of "hedonic value" and "brand perception", have a statistically significant effect on the purchasing decision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background:: No evidenced link exists between myositis and incontinence, however myositis patients identify incontinence as an issue. This research was initiated in response to advocacy by consumers to investigate this topic. Objective:: The aim of this research was to explore the prevalence of urinary incontinence and bowel incontinence in the Australian myositis population, compared to an age-matched general Australian population. Methods:: An online survey with validated questionnaires measured urinary and bowel incontinence and physical function amongst individuals with myositis. Recruitment was via email in collaboration with the Myositis Association of Australia. Published Australian general population data was used as the comparison group. Results:: Results revealed urinary incontinence and bowel incontinence prevalence was significantly higher in the myositis population compared to the Australian population. Conclusion:: This is the first known study to explore the prevalence of urinary and bowel incontinence in a Myositis population. This consumer-driven study confirmed anecdotal reporting of increased prevalence of urinary and bowel incontinence within the myositis population. The study also evidences the critical role of consumers in better understanding complex conditions and their impact.

Abstract Background Translating research, achieving impact, and assessing impact are important aspirations for all research collaboratives but can prove challenging. The Hunter Cancer Research Alliance (HCRA) was funded from 2014 to 2021 to enhance capacity and productivity in cancer research in a regional centre in Australia. This study aimed to assess the impact and benefit of the HCRA to help inform future research investments of this type. Method The Framework to Assess the Impact from Translational health research (FAIT) was selected as the preferred methodology. FAIT incorporates three validated methodologies for assessing impact: 1) Modified Payback; 2) Economic Analysis; and 3) Narrative overview and case studies. All three FAIT methods are underpinned by a Program Logic Model. Data were collected from HCRA and the University of Newcastle administrative records, directly from HCRA members, and website searches. Results In addition to advancing knowledge and providing capacity building support to members via grants, fellowships, scholarships, training, events and targeted translation support, key impacts of HCRA-member research teams included: (i) the establishment of a regional biobank that has distributed over 13,600 samples and became largely self-sustaining; (ii) conservatively leveraging $43.8 M (s.a.$20.5 M - $160.5 M) in funding and support from the initial $9.7 M investment; (iii) contributing to clinical practice guidelines and securing a patent for identification of stem cells for endometrial cell regeneration; (iv) shifting the treatment paradigm for all tumour types that rely on nerve cell innervation, (v) development and implementation of the world’s first real-time patient treatment verification system (Watchdog); (vi) inventing the effective ‘EAT’ psychological intervention to improve nutrition and outcomes in people experiencing radiotherapy for head and neck cancer; (vi) developing effective interventions to reduce smoking rates among priority groups, currently being rolled out to disadvantaged populations in NSW; and (vii) establishing a Consumer Advisory Panel and Consumer Engagement Committee to increase consumer involvement in research. Conclusion Using FAIT methodology, we have demonstrated the significant impact and downstream benefits that can be achieved by the provision of infrastructure-type funding to regional and rural research collaboratives to help address inequities in research activity and health outcomes and demonstrates a positive return on investment.

Background: Translating research, achieving impact, and assessing impact are important aspirations for all research collaboratives but can prove challenging. The Hunter Cancer Research Alliance (HCRA) was funded from 2014 to 2021 to enhance capacity and productivity in cancer research in a regional centre in Australia. This study aimed to assess the impact and benefit of the HCRA to help inform future research investments of this type. Method: The Framework to Assess the Impact from Translational health research (FAIT) was selected as the preferred methodology. FAIT incorporates three validated methodologies for assessing impact: 1) Modified Payback; 2) Economic Analysis; and 3) Narrative overview and case studies. All three FAIT methods are underpinned by a Program Logic Model. Data were collected from HCRA and the University of Newcastle administrative records, directly from HCRA members, and website searches. Results: In addition to advancing knowledge and providing capacity building support to members via grants, fellowships, scholarships, training, events and targeted translation support, key impacts of HCRA-member research teams included: (i) the establishment of a regional biobank that has distributed over 13,600 samples and became largely self-sustaining; (ii) conservatively leveraging $43.8 M (s.a.$20.5 M - $160.5 M) in funding and support from the initial $9.7 M investment; (iii) contributing to clinical practice guidelines and securing a patent for identification of stem cells for endometrial cell regeneration; (iv) shifting the treatment paradigm for all tumour types that rely on nerve cell innervation, (v) development and implementation of the world’s first real-time patient treatment verification system (Watchdog); (vi) inventing the effective ‘EAT’ psychological intervention to improve nutrition and outcomes in people experiencing radiotherapy for head and neck cancer; (vi) developing effective interventions to reduce smoking rates among priority groups, currently being rolled out to disadvantaged populations in NSW; and (vii) establishing a Consumer Advisory Panel and Consumer Engagement Committee to increase consumer involvement in research. Conclusion: Using FAIT methodology, we have demonstrated the significant impact and downstream benefits that can be achieved by the provision of infrastructure-type funding to regional and rural research collaboratives to help address inequities in research activity and health outcomes and demonstrates a positive return on investment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial intelligence (AI) may benefit pediatric healthcare, but it also raises ethical and pragmatic questions. Parental support is important for the advancement of AI in pediatric medicine. However, there is little literature describing parental attitudes toward AI in pediatric healthcare, and existing studies do not represent parents of hospitalized children well. We administered the Attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Healthcare, a validated survey, to parents of hospitalized children in a single tertiary children's hospital. Surveys were administered by trained study personnel (11/2/2021-5/1/2022). Demographic data were collected. An Attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Healthcare score, assessing openness toward AI-assisted medicine, was calculated for seven areas of concern. Subgroup analyses were conducted using Mann–Whitney U tests to assess the effect of race, gender, education, insurance, length of stay, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission on AI use. We approached 90 parents and conducted 76 surveys for a response rate of 84%. Overall, parents were open to the use of AI in pediatric medicine. Social justice, convenience, privacy, and shared decision-making were important concerns. Parents of children admitted to an ICU expressed the most significantly different attitudes compared to parents of children not admitted to an ICU. Parents were overall supportive of AI-assisted healthcare decision-making. In particular, parents of children admitted to ICU have significantly different attitudes, and further study is needed to characterize these differences. Parents value transparency and disclosure pathways should be developed to support this expectation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Working with bereaved parents in co-designed stillbirth research, policy and practice is essential to improving care and outcomes. Effective parent engagement is often lacking. This may be due to bereaved parents not feeling adequately and appropriately supported to be involved. To consult bereaved parents with the aim to understand their experiences, attitudes, and needs around involvement in stillbirth research and gain feedback about the usefulness and appropriateness of a proposed co-designed guide to support their involvement, including content and design aspects of this resource. An online co-designed survey was disseminated via Australian parent support organisations social media in August 2022. All 90 respondents were bereaved parents, 94% (n = 85) were female. Two-thirds (67%, n = 60) had never participated in stillbirth research, 80% (n = 72) agreed involvement of bereaved parents in research was important or extremely important and 81% (n = 73) were interested in future research involvement. Common motivations for involvement were wanting to leave a legacy for their baby and knowing research outcomes. Common barriers included not having been asked to participate or not knowing how. Most (89%, n = 80) agreed the proposed guide would be useful. Highly valued topics were the importance of bereaved parents' voices in stillbirth research and how they can make a difference. The majority of bereaved parents we surveyed want to be involved in stillbirth research and would value a resource to support this. The proposed concept and content for a co-designed guide to aid engagement was well supported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Consumer involvement is considered an essential component of contemporary cancer research, with a movement towards participatory methods, to the benefit of consumers and researchers. Overall, in-depth research on participant experiences and perceptions of their co-designer role—and how these may (or may not) change during a co-design project—is limited. The purpose of this paper was to synthesise the reflective accounts of consumers, project staff, and a researcher who partnered on a project to develop a personalised care plan template, with the aim of generating guidance for others looking to partner with consumers in health and medical research. Here, our team of researchers, project staff, and consumers reflect on the experience of working together using Gibbs’ Reflective Cycle, which was completed by team members with responses then undergoing inductive data analysis. Results Reflections are categorised under three core themes: (1) setting up the group and building relationships (2) measuring the value of consumer involvement, and (3) potential challenges for consumer involvement. Through reflection on our experiences of co-design, our team developed and identified practical strategies that contributed to the success of our partnership. These include setting expectations as a group; having experienced consumers on the team; having regular, pre-scheduled meetings that run to time; and working to overcome challenges identified by the group such as power imbalances, time commitment, and lack of diversity. Conclusion These practical reflections on creating a safe and supportive environment in which genuine consumer involvement can take place could inform other institutions and researchers looking to work meaningfully with consumers in research.

ABSTRACT: Understanding consumers' purchase behaviors is fundamental to the success of the dairy industry. With its economic importance, the Chinese market is critical to dairy producers in most countries around the world. However, understanding consumers in this market is particularly challenging, as these consumers often have a different relationship with dairy products than consumers elsewhere in the world, given the country's historical dairy-related scandals. This special relationship can be characterized by what consumer behavior researchers call “high involvement,” indicating that Chinese dairy consumers often attempt to reduce the level of risk associated with buying dairy products. Surprisingly, although this relationship affects several important aspects of purchase behavior, examination of the concept of involvement in the dairy sector has not been widely considered. Of note, there is no understanding of how Chinese consumers vary in their involvement levels and their implications on their dairy purchase behaviors. Nor have there been involvement-based insights provided on how dairy companies can position their marketing strategy to suit the needs of these consumers better. Thus, this study proposes a new approach to understanding Chinese consumer dairy decisions by introducing “consumer involvement” as a segmentation tool through which individuals' behaviors can be predicated according to their involvement profile. Based on an online survey administered in Shanghai using 1,073 dairy consumers, principal component analysis confirmed involvement with dairy is a multidimensional construct with the following 4 factors: pleasure value, symbolic value, risk importance, and risk probability. A 2-step cluster analysis identified 4 consumer clusters based on their involvement profile: face-concerned dairy lover, carefree dairy consumer, cautious dairy lover, and confused dairy consumer. According to a one-way ANOVA test and cross-tabulation with χ2 test, these consumer segments behave differently in relation to the extensiveness of decision making, cue utilization, trust of information sources, and consumption behavior. The outcomes in this paper further explain why efforts to restore consumer trust for dairy products do not work among some consumers, as individuals may exhibit diverse attitudes toward such information due to their heterogeneous involvement levels. The study also provides suggestions for market practitioners and organizations to develop effective target market strategies and policies according to different consumer clusters.

Abstract Background Over the past three decades, policy actors and actions have been highly influential in supporting the implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs) in mental health settings. An early examination of these actions resulted in the Policy Ecology Framework (PEF), which was originally developed as a tactical primer for state and local mental health regulators in the field of child mental health. However, the policy landscape for implementation has evolved significantly since the original PEF was published. An interrogation of the strategies originally proposed in the PEF is necessary to provide an updated menu of strategies to improve our understanding of the mechanisms of policy action and promote system improvement. Objectives This paper builds upon the original PEF to address changes in the policy landscape for the implementation of mental health EBPs between 2009 and 2022. We review the current state of policy strategies that support the implementation of EBPs in mental health care and outline key areas for policy-oriented implementation research. Our review identifies policy strategies at federal, state, agency, and organizational levels, and highlights developments in the social context in which EBPs are implemented. Furthermore, our review is organized around some key changes that occurred across each PEF domain that span organizational, agency, political, and social contexts along with subdomains within each area. Discussion We present an updated menu of policy strategies to support the implementation of EBPs in mental health settings. This updated menu of strategies considers the broad range of conceptual developments and changes in the policy landscape. These developments have occurred across the organizational, agency, political, and social contexts and are important for policymakers to consider in the context of supporting the implementation of EBPs. Summary The updated PEF expands and enhances the specification of policy levers currently available, and identifies policy targets that are underdeveloped (e.g., de-implementation and sustainment) but are becoming visible opportunities for policy to support system improvement. The updated PEF clarifies current policy efforts within the field of implementation science in health to conceptualize and better operationalize the role of policy in the implementation of EBPs.

New product development is complicated process, stimulated by the market, company possibilities changes. Innovation is evaluated individually, based on various methods, marketing researches. Noticed, that into the new product developing process expedient include customers, it will help create a product that suits them. The fact was confirmed that to make people accept new product is proper to identify their neophobia level and features, which is needed for food and evaluate the need for a new product. After carrying out a quantitative study, based on the questionnaire survey method, it was found that a new product is needed in the assortment of the confectionery company. The data showed, that customers want products that are characterized by refreshing taste, freshness, modern decorating style. In order for a new product to be successful, it is appropriate to consider customer needs.

People who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) are frequently excluded from research, yet their voices can significantly enhance the applicability, acceptability, and translation of qualitative research findings. Accessible and adapted research methods welcome and empower participants who use AAC, and enable meaningful involvement. In this article, we describe the collaborative development of a framework to conceptualise inclusive research and aspects of an accompanying inclusive research toolkit. The framework identifies balancing power as a critical factor, primarily achieved by ensuring that research methods and materials are accessible to people who use AAC. We propose that this is achieved through three interacting elements: collaboration with AAC users, skills and knowledge to achieve accessibility, and ensuring adequate time is available to achieve involvement. We identify five areas where applying these elements has impact for AAC users: recruiting AAC users, working with communication supporters, adapting research methods, securing ethics approval, and consent. In presenting the framework, we demonstrate how qualitative researchers can foster a research environment that values and actively includes AAC users, ultimately advancing the field towards more comprehensive and inclusive research practices. While our work is situated in the cerebral palsy and AAC communities, our proposed framework and toolkit can be applied by researchers seeking perspectives from individuals with communication disabilities more broadly. We have created a corresponding plain language video of this article as an additional means of optimising accessibility of the content. See supplemental material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Consumer involvement is considered an essential component of contemporary cancer research, with a movement towards participatory methods, to the benefit of consumers and researchers. Overall, in-depth research on participant experiences and perceptions of their co-designer role—and how these may (or may not) change during a co-design project—is limited. The purpose of this paper was to synthesise the reflective accounts of consumers, project staff, and a researcher who partnered on a project to develop a personalised care plan template, with the aim of generating guidance for others looking to partner with consumers in health and medical research. Here, our team of researchers, project staff, and consumers reflect on the experience of working together using Gibbs’ Reflective Cycle, which was completed by team members with responses then undergoing inductive data analysis. Results: Reflections are categorised under three core themes: (1) setting up the group and building relationships (2) measuring the value of consumer involvement, and (3) potential challenges for consumer involvement. Through reflection on our experiences of co-design, our team developed and identified practical strategies that contributed to the success of our partnership. These include setting expectations as a group; having experienced consumers on the team; having regular, pre-scheduled meetings that run to time; and working to overcome challenges identified by the group such as power imbalances, time commitment, and lack of diversity. Conclusion: These practical reflections on creating a safe and supportive environment in which genuine consumer involvement can take place could inform other institutions and researchers looking to work meaningfully with consumers in research.Plain English summary: Consumer involvement in cancer research can inform the initial setting of research priorities, and then the design and conduct of research, with a view to optimising research impact. As part of a project to develop a personalised care plan for patients with newly diagnosed rectal cancer, our team of medical oncologists and project staff partnered with a group of consumers from project initiation. Here, we reflect on our experiences, including the benefits and challenges associated with consumer involvement. Positive aspects of the partnership between consumers, project staff, and the researcher included the establishment of a cohesive team, which substantially improved the study design, conduct, and study outcomes. This experience increased the enthusiasm of the project staff and researcher for consumer engagement in future research. Things that negatively impacted the team included the loss of consumers due to cancer-related health issues. A lack of diversity in the consumer group was recognised as a limitation of the breadth of the consumer voice throughout the project. Upon reflection, there were many important learnings regarding meeting preparation, structure, and team culture that we discuss here, looking to provide practical guidance on optimising consumer involvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Live streaming marketing has become a popular topic of academic research. However, relatively few studies have been conducted in terms of the physical attractiveness of streamers, and even fewer studies have analyzed the changes in cognitive-emotional mechanisms that affect consumer response behavior. Based on SOR theory and cognitive-emotional system theory, this study proposes a theoretical research model and analyzes the internal mechanism of streamers' physical attractiveness affecting consumers' response using a combination of eye-tracking experiments and questionnaires. The results showed that: compared to streamers with lower physical attractiveness, consumers pay longer attention to streamers and products with higher physical attractiveness, and their response behaviors (continued watching intention, continued engagement intention, and purchase intention) are more active; compared to consumers with low involvement, consumers with high involvement pay longer attention to the product and perceive the process for a longer period of time; and quasi-social interaction and the flow experience play the role of a chain mediator between streamers' physical attractiveness and consumers' response behaviors. This study not only has certain theoretical significance for expanding the applicable boundaries of the physical appearance halo effect, but also has important practical significance for live broadcasting e-commerce companies to effectively adopt visual marketing and enhance customer retention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: We aimed to rate the importance of outcomes from a systematic review about biosimilars in oncology from patients’ perspective. Methods: This is a qualitative research with nominal group technique. Patients with cancer were selected by convenience sampling and invited for two mediated virtual meetings in 2022. Twelve outcomes from a systematic review on biosimilars for oncology developed following a protocol were explained in plain language to participants who classified them as critical, important, or not important according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. We employed Iramuteq software for lexical categorization of the meeting transcripts, and content analysis for interpretation. Results: Five women participated (three had metastatic cancer, one non-metastatic, one recurrent). Six outcomes were classified as critical: duration of response, progression-free survival, pathological complete response, overall survival, severe adverse events, and quality of life; three as important: mortality, event-free survival, and objective response; and three as non-important: neutralizing anti-drug antibody, any adverse event, and non-neutralizing anti-drug antibody. Duration of response, pathological complete response, severe adverse events, and quality of life were considered secondary in the review protocol, but critical by the patients. The main themes influencing the importance classification were related to the disease (progression and control) and treatment (recognition and healthcare setting). Conclusion: Patients rated most outcomes as critical or important, some of them previously regarded as secondary by the researchers, which reinforces the need to include stakeholders’ perspectives in oncology research. Aspects of the disease progression and treatment effects influenced participants’ judgment on outcomes’ relevance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To develop a Consumer Involvement Strategy which adheres to best practice recommendations and is feasible to implement in a small musculoskeletal research centre funded solely by external grants. Methods: The Strategy development involved five collaborative and iterative stages: (1) conceptualisation and initial consultation; (2) formation of the Consumer Involvement Strategy Action Group; (3) defining the scope and developing the strategy; (4) consultation and refinement; and (5) presentation and implementation. The final three stages were overseen by a Consumer Involvement Strategy Action Group comprising two post‐doctoral research fellows, a PhD student representative, and two consumers (people with osteoarthritis), all with experience in consumer involvement activities in research. Results: The final strategy aligns with best practice recommendations and includes five unique levels of consumer involvement that were devised to encompass the wide variety of consumer involvement activities across the research centre. It includes a policy document with five strategic aims, each supported by an implementation plan, and includes a suite of resources for researchers and consumers to support its application. Conclusion: The Consumer Involvement Strategy and its described development may serve as a template for other research teams facing similar resource constraints, both at a national and international level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background The aim of this project was to identify the top 10 priorities for childhood chronic conditions and disability (CCD) research from the perspectives of children and young people with lived experience, their parents and caregivers and the professionals who work with them. Methods We conducted a three‐stage study based on the James Lind Alliance priority‐setting partnership methods. It comprised two online surveys (n = 200; n = 201) and a consensus workshop (n = 21) with these three stakeholder groups in Australia. Results In the first stage, 456 responses were submitted, which were coded and collapsed into 40 overarching themes. In the second stage, 20 themes were shortlisted, which were further refined in stage 3, before the top 10 priorities being selected. Of these, the top three priorities were improving awareness and inclusion in all aspects of their life (school, work and social relationships), improving access to treatments and support and improving the process of diagnosis. Conclusions The top 10 priorities identified reflect the need to focus on the individual, health systems and social aspects of the CCD experience when conducting research in this area. Patient or Public Contribution This study was guided by three Advisory Groups, comprising (1) young people living with CCD; (2) parents and caregivers of a child or young person with CCD and (3) professionals working with children and young people with CCD. These groups met several times across the course of the project and provided input into study aims, materials, methods and data interpretation and reporting. Additionally, the lead author and seven members of the author group have lived and experienced CCD.

Background: Over the past three decades, policy actors and actions have been highly influential in supporting the implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs) in mental health settings. An early examination of these actions resulted in the Policy Ecology Framework (PEF), which was originally developed as a tactical primer for state and local mental health regulators in the field of child mental health. However, the policy landscape for implementation has evolved significantly since the original PEF was published. An interrogation of the strategies originally proposed in the PEF is necessary to provide an updated menu of strategies to improve our understanding of the mechanisms of policy action and promote system improvement. Objectives: This paper builds upon the original PEF to address changes in the policy landscape for the implementation of mental health EBPs between 2009 and 2022. We review the current state of policy strategies that support the implementation of EBPs in mental health care and outline key areas for policy-oriented implementation research. Our review identifies policy strategies at federal, state, agency, and organizational levels, and highlights developments in the social context in which EBPs are implemented. Furthermore, our review is organized around some key changes that occurred across each PEF domain that span organizational, agency, political, and social contexts along with subdomains within each area. Discussion: We present an updated menu of policy strategies to support the implementation of EBPs in mental health settings. This updated menu of strategies considers the broad range of conceptual developments and changes in the policy landscape. These developments have occurred across the organizational, agency, political, and social contexts and are important for policymakers to consider in the context of supporting the implementation of EBPs. Summary: The updated PEF expands and enhances the specification of policy levers currently available, and identifies policy targets that are underdeveloped (e.g., de-implementation and sustainment) but are becoming visible opportunities for policy to support system improvement. The updated PEF clarifies current policy efforts within the field of implementation science in health to conceptualize and better operationalize the role of policy in the implementation of EBPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Advertisements for dietary supplements (DS) often include misleading claims regarding their health benefits. In this study, the authors designed an online advertisement for plant-based DS featuring misleading claims and investigated its effects on mature Chinese consumers before and after revealing the false claims. A consumer involvement framework was developed to evaluate the mediating effect of advertising involvement (AI) on the correlation between product involvement (PI), situational involvement (SI) and purchase intention (PI). Design/methodology/approach: A total of 467 mature adults aged over 40 years who resided in China's Yangtze River Delta region and had experience in purchasing DS online were recruited. Relevant data were collected through an online survey and analysed through structural equation modelling. Findings: Cognitive PI was positively correlated with both SI and PI and SI was positively correlated with PI. AI negatively moderated the correlation between affective PI and SI. Both cognitive PI and AI were positively correlated with PI and the correlation was mediated through SI. Originality/value: DS consumption is a rational decision-making process driven by utilitarian motives. Consumers who are aware of the misleading claims adopt a cautious evaluation approach and place themselves in specific purchase situations before making a purchase decision. This study advances the literature by incorporating the consideration of misleading advertisements into the consumer involvement model within the context of online DS consumption. The study's findings provide insights to intensify monitoring of false advertisements in the DS industry and design effective consumer education programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates the influence of digital influencers on healthy food purchase intention within the context of Instagram. The research model is guided by the theory of source credibility and the elaboration likelihood model. A quantitative approach was employed, and data were collected through an online survey from Instagram users in Portugal (n = 221). A set of ten hypotheses was tested using structural equation modeling (SPSS-AMOS). The findings corroborated that purchase intention of healthy foods is positively influenced by digital influencer perceived credibility, involvement with healthy foods, and attitude toward advertising on Instagram. The findings also confirmed that involvement with healthy foods and with Instagram affect advertising avoidance behavior, and that these three constructs affect attitude toward advertising on Instagram. However, the expected relationship between attitude toward advertising and digital influencer credibility was not confirmed. The study contributes to the literature on influencer marketing, specifically in the context of healthy food, and it provides valuable insights for social media marketers and brand managers interested in adopting influencer marketing to leverage their communication effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patient and caregiver involvement broadens the scope of new knowledge generated from research and can enhance the relevance, quality and impact of research on clinical practice and health outcomes. Incorporating the perspectives of people with lived experience of chronic kidney disease (CKD) affords new insights into the design of interventions, study methodology, data analysis and implementation and has value for patients, healthcare professionals and researchers alike. However, patient involvement in CKD research has been limited and data on which to inform best practice is scarce. A number of frameworks have been developed for involving patients and caregivers in research in CKD and in health research more broadly. These frameworks provide an overall conceptual structure to guide the planning and implementation of research partnerships and describe values that are essential and strategies considered best practice when working with diverse stakeholder groups. This article aims to provide a summary of the strategies most widely used to support multistakeholder partnerships, the different ways patients and caregivers can be involved in research and the methods used to amalgamate diverse and at times conflicting points of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the impact of digital influencers´ recommendations, especially Instagrammers, on the purchase intention of healthy food. In addition to the direct influence of source credibility on behavioral intention, the study also examines the influence of self-brand congruence and consumers’ involvement with healthy food on purchase intention. To test research hypotheses, a quantitative study was conducted with 221 Portuguese consumers. High and low involvement with healthy food groups were classified by K-Means Clustering, and the analysis of the structure and the measurement models was performed by using Smart-PLS software. The results confirmed that Instagrammers’ credibility drives self-brand congruence and purchase intention for healthy food. It was also confirmed that the involvement with healthy food moderates the influence of self-brand congruity and Instagrammers’ credibility on consumers’ intention to purchase healthy food, and that brand self-congruence partially mediates the influence of Instagrammers’ credibility on purchase intention. Overall, this work offers relevant insights for both marketing managers and researchers, as it demonstrates the importance of considering the indirect effects of source credibility on purchase intention of healthy food and of comparing consumers with high and low product involvement to effectively evaluate the impact of digital influencers’ in healthy food endorsement.

Abstract Background Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) in research aims to improve the quality, relevance and appropriateness of research. PPI has an established role in clinical research where there is evidence of benefit, and where policymakers and funders place continued emphasis on its inclusion. However, for preclinical research, PPI has not yet achieved the same level of integration. As more researchers, including our team, aim to include PPI in preclinical research, the development of an evidence‐based approach is important. Therefore, this scoping review aimed to identify and map studies where PPI has been used in preclinical research and develop principles that can be applied in other projects. Methods A scoping review was conducted to search the literature in Medline (PubMed), EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycInfo and Web of Science Core Collection to identify applied examples of preclinical PPI. Two independent reviewers conducted study selection and data extraction separately. Data were extracted relating to PPI in terms of (i) rationale and aims, (ii) approach used, (iii) benefits and challenges, (iv) impact and evaluation and (v) learning opportunities for preclinical PPI. Findings were reviewed collaboratively by PPI contributors and the research team to identify principles that could be applied to other projects. Results Nine studies were included in the final review with the majority of included studies reporting PPI to improve the relevance of their research, using approaches such as PPI advisory panels and workshops. Researchers report several benefits and challenges, although evidence of formal evaluation is limited. Conclusion Although currently there are few examples of preclinical research studies reporting empirical PPI activity, their findings may support those aiming to use PPI in preclinical research. Through collaborative analysis of the scoping review findings, several principles were developed that may be useful for other preclinical researchers. Patient or Public Contribution This study was conducted as part of a broader project aiming to develop an evidence base for preclinical PPI that draws on a 5‐year preclinical research programme focused on the development of advanced biomaterials for spinal cord repair as a case study. A PPI Advisory Panel comprising seriously injured rugby players, clinicians, preclinical researchers and PPI facilitators collaborated as co‐authors on the conceptualization, execution and writing of this review, including refining the findings into the set of principles reported here.

Blockchain-based commodity traceability is an emerging technology developed in recent years; it plays a vital role in monitoring product quality and responding to product safety problems. Considering the perceived value of product traceability for consumers and the cost of using blockchain technology, determining whether merchants adopt blockchain-based commodity traceability technology deserves attention. Based on the information asymmetry between consumers and merchants, this paper establishes a two-party evolutionary game model to understand whether merchants enable the commodity traceability function and whether consumers choose to be involved in the commodity traceability relationship based on the Foote, Cone, and Belding grid theory. The model explores the influence boundary of merchants enabling the commodity traceability function for consumers with different degrees of involvement in purchasing behavior. The results show that traceability cost, consumer involvement, commodity price, and the value-added traceability nature of different commodities affect the evolution results. These results indicate that businesses need to constantly reduce the cost of traceability to improve consumer involvement and the perceived value of commodity traceability. Businesses must identify consumers with different involvement levels, and commodities with different traceability levels should provide targeted services for consumers and commodities.

Background: The aim of this project was to identify the top 10 priorities for childhood chronic conditions and disability (CCD) research from the perspectives of children and young people with lived experience, their parents and caregivers and the professionals who work with them. Methods: We conducted a three‐stage study based on the James Lind Alliance priority‐setting partnership methods. It comprised two online surveys (n = 200; n = 201) and a consensus workshop (n = 21) with these three stakeholder groups in Australia. Results: In the first stage, 456 responses were submitted, which were coded and collapsed into 40 overarching themes. In the second stage, 20 themes were shortlisted, which were further refined in stage 3, before the top 10 priorities being selected. Of these, the top three priorities were improving awareness and inclusion in all aspects of their life (school, work and social relationships), improving access to treatments and support and improving the process of diagnosis. Conclusions: The top 10 priorities identified reflect the need to focus on the individual, health systems and social aspects of the CCD experience when conducting research in this area. Patient or Public Contribution: This study was guided by three Advisory Groups, comprising (1) young people living with CCD; (2) parents and caregivers of a child or young person with CCD and (3) professionals working with children and young people with CCD. These groups met several times across the course of the project and provided input into study aims, materials, methods and data interpretation and reporting. Additionally, the lead author and seven members of the author group have lived and experienced CCD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In 2017, the European Association for Neuro-Oncology (EANO) published the guideline for palliative care (PC) in adults with glioma. The Italian Society of Neurology (SIN), the Italian Association for Neuro-Oncology (AINO), and the Italian Society for Palliative Care (SICP) joined forces to update and adapt this guideline to the Italian context and aimed to involve patients and carers in the formulation of the clinical questions. Methods: During semi-structured interviews with glioma patients and focus group meetings (FGMs) with family carers of deceased patients, participants rated the importance of a set of pre-specified intervention topics, shared their experience, and suggested additional topics. Interviews and FGMs were audio-recorded, transcribed, coded, and analyzed (framework and content analysis). Results: We held 20 interviews and five FGMs (28 carers). Both parties considered the pre-specified topics as important, chiefly information/communication, psychological support, symptoms management, and rehabilitation. Patients aired the impact of focal neurological and cognitive deficits. Carers reported difficulties in dealing with patient's behavior and personality changes and appreciated the preservation of patient's functioning via rehabilitation. Both affirmed the importance of a dedicated healthcare path and patient's involvement in the decision-making process. Carers expressed the need to be educated and supported in their caregiving role. Conclusions: Interviews and FGMs were well informative and emotionally challenging. Both parties confirmed the importance of the pre-specified topics, and carers suggested one additional topic: education/support to caregivers. Our findings strengthen the importance of a comprehensive care approach and of addressing the needs of both patients and their family carers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this empirical study, based on stimulus–organism–response (SOR) theory and involvement theory, we investigate the intrinsic mechanisms by which the traits of network anchors influence the shopping intentions of live streaming audiences. We also explore the mediating effect of value perception and the moderating effect of consumer involvement on purchase tendency. The results demonstrate that anchors who take the initiative to be purveyors of information can improve the value perception of products in a live streaming context. By virtue of their professionalism and interactivity, they can significantly influence the shopping intention of the live streaming audience. Value perception plays a significant mediating role between anchor traits and shopping intention, while consumer involvement plays an important negative moderating role. Accordingly, e-commerce companies should dialectically select suitable anchors to improve different types of perceived value in live streaming audiences, according to different levels of consumer involvement, in order to ultimately improve the shopping intention of such audiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]