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The aim of this article is to open a new way of understanding corruption by examining its place within the law and culture of the European semi-periphery, with a focus on inter-war Romania. My intention is to operate a twofold displacement of the analysis of the anti-corruption and the status of constitutional practice in this context. First, I aim to reposition the question of political corruption within a jurisprudential and legal historical context. In this way I inquire what is the legal theoretical importance of political corruption in a post-dependency context? In other words, what can the representation of corruption entail for law, and for a particular legal historical trajectory within the European periphery. Second, I move towards exploring the context of the inter-war period as well as the discursive construction of political corruption within the law and through the fascist criticism levelled against it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To mark the 35th anniversary of the revolutionary events of 1989, the twentieth anniversary of the European Union's 2004 enlargement, and the tenth anniversary of Ukraine's Revolution of Dignity, East European Politics and Societies has invited six members of the journal's editorial and advisory boards to contribute reflections on problems associated with the anniversaries. This introduction sets the contributions in context, and it asks how the period as a whole—now nearly as long as the period of Communist rule in most of the region—should be conceptualized. It argues for the explanatory value of defining the era not so much in terms of "post-Communism," but in terms of the revolutionary experience that in 1989 provided the yardstick against which subsequent developments have been measured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ayer: Revista de Historia Contemporánea is the property of Asociacion de Historia Contemporanea and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Estudios Políticos is the property of Centro de Estudios Politicos y Constitucionales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Das Konzept Resilienz als Sonde in die Zeitgeschichte einzuführen, erlaubt dieser, sich über Verwissenschaftlichungsprozesse neu zu definieren, sich der Analyse komplexer Zusammenhänge zu stellen und innovative Fragestellungen zu entwickeln. Seit den 1970er Jahren diffundierte der Terminus international aus der Physik zunächst in die Psychologie und Ökologie und verklammert seit der Jahrtausendwende wie ein interdisziplinäres Scharnier Natur-, Lebens-, Gesellschafts- und Kulturwissenschaften. Der Resilienz-Begriff drang außerdem aus den Wissenschaften in das Denken etwa von Politik, Militär, Ökonomie und Kindererziehung vor. Resilienz ist eng an die Wahrnehmung multipler Krisen oder gar drohender Katastrophen gebunden und an die Erwartung geknüpft, den Kipppunkt wissenschaftsbasiert für Innovation und Erneuerung zu nutzen. Introducing the concept of resilience as a probe into contemporary history allows for its redefinition based on processes of academisation, the analytical confrontation with complex interrelations and the development of innovative research questions. Starting in the 1970s the term diffused internationally from physics to other fields, initially psychology and ecology; since the turn of the millennium, it has joined natural and life sciences as well as social and cultural studies as an interdisciplinary hinge. The term resilience also penetrated from academia into the thinking of politics, the military, the economy and child rearing. Resilience is strongly tied to a perception of multiple crises or even imminent disasters and connected with the expectation that the tipping point may be used for innovation and renewal on a scientific basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review presents and groups a total of 64 articles by various authors published in the journal Etudes balkaniques (2014-2023) on the development of the Balkans from 1945 to the present. Most conventionally, they can be divided into two large groups, the first of which can be called "thematic publications", problematizing various conceptual issues related to borders, Europeanization, nationalism, etc. The second group consists of two subgroups of texts that either deal with two Balkan countries or a Balkan and another country, or are devoted to the political, social, economic and social development of specific countries in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electronic Turkish Studies is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This contribution offers a reflective look back at a long career in the field of the dissemination of French as a foreign language and research into language didactics. It does so in the form of a kind of ‘notional biography’, similar to what we call a ‘language biography’, and by examining some of the notions and concepts that I came across over the course of several decades of activity. Throughout this personal trajectory, which has been shaped by historical moments, epistemic conjunctures and changing institutional environments, I have been keen to put these notions ‘in question(s)’ and to examine and discuss them in the moment or after the event. It’s a stance that consists of keeping a certain distance from the conceptual apparatus in use or predominant in a given period. The examination remains within the very field in which one intervenes and is not, for the most part, armed with either well-defined and sharpened instruments of critical analysis, or an explicit and assertive epistemological framework. A delicate position, then, but one that is accepted as such.

On May 23–24, 2023, a regular conference for young scholars was held, dedicated to the Day of Slavic Writing and Culture. As with the previous events, the conference was held in a mixed format: at the Institute of Slavic Studies and on the ZOOM platform. The History section was attended by young scholars from various cities of Russia and abroad: Moscow, St. Petersburg, Voronezh, Kazan, Rostov-on-Don, Prešov (Slovakia) and Pécs (Hungary). The papers covered a wide range of issues of the history of Slavic countries and peoples, from the early Middle Ages to the beginning of the XXI century. The participants of the conference touched upon the problems of national identity, borders and frontiers, preservation of historical memory, international relations, as well as issues of cultural history of Slavic peoples. The authors involved a wide range of sources in their work, including medieval literature, diplomatic and archival documents, as well as newspaper and magazine articles. Most of the reports aroused the interest of the audience and led to lively discussions. The discussion was attended not only by the participants of the conference, but also by the scholars of the Institute of Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, many of whom also acted as moderators of individual subsections. Thus, as in previous years, the conference of young scholars «Slavic World: Community and Diversity» served as a good platform for the exchange of experience and the establishment of closer ties between various scientific institutions. The proceedings of the conference will be summed up in a published collection of abstracts.

El presente artículo analiza los efectos de la inmigración en Pasaia durante la primera mitad del siglo XX desde una perspectiva sociodemográfica y urbana. El punto de partida son los años 20, cuando despunta la actividad económica del puerto, impulsando el crecimiento demográfico y la expansión urbana local. A través del Padrón municipal de habitantes del año 1940, se ofrece un análisis detallado de la composición sociodemográfica de Pasaia, profundizando en la relación grupos sociales, inmigración y espacio urbano con el objeto de detectar las diferencias que separan a pasaitarras e inmigrantes, la mayoría gallegos, hacia mediados del siglo XX. Partiendo de las consecuencias del proceso de modernización económica de los años 20, se abordan los cambios demográficos, sociales y urbanos acaecidos en la localidad, así como las tendencias que apuntan hacia la Segunda Industrialización. Artikulu honek immigrazioak XX. mendearen lehen erdian Pasaian izan zituen ondorioak aztertzen ditu ikuspegi soziodemografiko eta urbano batetik. Abiapuntua 1920ko hamarkada da, portuaren jarduera ekonomikoa nabarmendu eta hazkunde demografikoa zein tokiko hiri-hedapena bultzatu zen garaia alegia. 1940ko biztanleen udal-erroldaren bidez, Pasaiaren osaera soziodemografikoaren azterketa zehatza eskaintzen da, gizarte-taldeen, immigrazioaren eta hiri-espazioaren arteko erlazioan sakonduz, eta pasaitarrek etorkinekiko (gehienak galiziarrak) zituzten diferentziak hautemateko XX.mendearen lehen herenean. 1920ko hamarkadako modernizazio ekonomikoaren ondorioetatik abiatuta, herrian izandako aldaketa demografiko, sozial eta urbanoak aztertzen dira, baita Bigarren Industrializaziorantz eramaten gaituzten joerak ere. This article analyses the effects of immigration in Pasaia during the first half of the 20th century from a socio-demographic and urban perspective. The starting point is the 1920s, when the port's economic activity took off, boosting demographic growth and local urban expansion. By means of the 1940 municipal census of inhabitants, a detailed analysis is offered of the socio-demographic composition of Pasaia, delving into the relationship between social groups, immigration and urban space in order to detect the differences separating Pasaitarras and emigrants, the majority from Galicia, towards the middle of the 20th century. Starting from the consequences of the economic modernization process of the 1920s, the demographic, social and urban changes that occurred in the town are dealt with, as well as the trends that point towards the Second Industrialization.

Much debate has taken place regarding political rights and the importance of education for US citizens during the late 18th century. This essay aims to understand how the texts published by Judith Murray, Catharine Macaulay, Mercy Otis Warren and Phillis Wheatley contributed to the debate on political, social e educational equality during the 18th century. The method involves the analysis of texts published by them in parallel with the context of time, the emergence of female academies and the formation of the first literary circles. I conclude the scenario contributed to the construction of a national identify and the writings contributed to important changes in the political perception of women, creating the Seneca Falls Convention for their rights in 1848. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paul Ginsborg was an academic historian, public intellectual and grass-roots political activist. He began his academic career at Queens College, Cambridge, as an undergraduate in 1963 and as a Research Fellow from 1968 to 1971, where he completed a doctoral thesis on Daniele Manin and the Venetian revolution of 1848–1849. He became a lecturer at the University of York in 1972 but relinquished this position to teach temporarily in Milan and Turin before returning to Cambridge in 1980 as a fellow of Churchill College and Lecturer in Politics as part of the Cambridge Social and Political Sciences Committee, later promoted to Reader. In 1991 Ginsborg was appointed Professor of Contemporary European History at the University of Florence where he remained until (official) retirement in 2015. He was an editor of Passato e Presente from 1993 to 2002 and was a founder member of the Association for the Study of Modern Italy; at the time of his death in May 2022 he was its honorary president. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of História Unisinos is the property of Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the mid-1980s, the far-right Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) experienced a meteoric rise at the ballot boxes thanks to the populist political style of its leader Jörg Haider. A vast number of publications by academics and journalists alike accompanied this success. The term 'populist' was soon adopted by the FPÖ to escape earlier accusations of extremism. This article examines when, how and why social scientists and historians engaged in their research with the far right, and it analyzes the different terms, concepts and methods they utilized. As such, it outlines the historic development of academic research and debates on authoritarianism, right-wing extremism and populism in Austria from the 1970s to the 1990s. Understanding social science data and studies as historical sources, this article ultimately argues that these can open new perspectives on our current understanding of the far right in the present day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article maps the conceptual history of global inequality from its marginal status in the 1980s, its minute mainstreaming within research and globalization discourse from the mid-1990s to the late 2000s, until its popularization, politicization, and "economization" in the wake of the 2008 financial crisis, recession, and the publication of Thomas Piketty's Capital in the 21st Century in 2014. Asking when, why, and how global inequality became a key concept, it draws upon quantitative and qualitative analysis of global inequality in scientific articles, books, and public media. It traces transformations in the term's temporal and spatial meanings and situates these in the contexts of rising within-nation and declining between-nation inequality, inequality research, inequality in public media, and broader discursive fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article addresses the ways in which Swedish history textbooks for upper secondary schools published between 1994 and 2011 deal with the most recent past. The textbooks are chronologically organized and follow history into the textbook authors' time, and each new edition of the textbooks includes the latest developments. The article inquires as to whether this gradual addition of events is to be regarded as historiography at all, or what the possible difference is between contemporary commentary and historiography. It examines which events and developments are selected, how they are presented, and how they can be interpreted with regard to periodization and the use of history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Historische Zeitschrift is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The framers of the US Federal Constitution of 1787 wanted to adopt the principle of ensuring a balance between each of the three authorities (executive-legislative-judicial) on the one hand, and achieving coordination between the powers and authorities of the federal government and the state government on the other hand. In order to achieve public freedoms within society. The Founding Fathers also wanted to guarantee the rights and freedoms of the American people. Those rights that were taken away during the subjection of the American colonies to the British crown and during the reduction of the volume of these freedoms during the successive American administrations under the pretext of preserving national security and others. For this reason, the study was the subject of research Within two axes: the first dealt with the stages of formation of the US Constitution and its basic amendments. The second took it upon himself to discuss public freedoms under the authorities of the United States of America and separate them. To cover some concepts of justice, privacy, individuality, public freedoms and democracy in contemporary American history according to the political, social and security data that affected the functioning of this totalitarian system within society in America

Introduction. The paper analyzes available Chinese-language scientific works that review contemporary history of the Daur people and examine its different aspects. Goals. The study attempts a historiographic analysis of certain Chinese-language scholarly publications (monographs, articles) dealing with contemporary history of the Daurs. So, the objectives be set and tackled thereto shall include insights into peculiarities of Chinese historiography pertaining to contemporary Daur history, reviews of monographs containing related materials, and analyses of Chinese scientists’ articles considering significant events and facts of 20th-century Daur history. Conclusions. The paper shows China’s historiography of contemporary Daur history is abundant in scientific works, both monographs and diverse articles. Peculiarities inherent to regional collections of articles largely authored by ethnic Daurs result, in our opinion, from that the shaping of historiographical science in the PRC remains somewhat incomplete. The monographs undoubtedly contain a large amount of factual materials on many aspects of contemporary Daur history. However, those are distinguished by the traditional Chinese approach to the study of history characterized by that chronologies of events (chronicles) and biographies of famous figures hold central and unshakable positions. The articles also contain various facts, descriptions of specific historical events and characters, e.g., the peasant uprising of Shaolang and Daifu, biographies of the revolutionary Guo Daofu (Merse), participation of Daurs in the anti-Japanese movement. Another peculiarity traced is that the articles widely use data collected from informants, which is supposedly due to that Chinese sources covering regional history are few enough, and the special value of information provided by participants or eyewitnesses of those events.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a lot of challenges to the globalized world. Globally, it has decimated over six million lives. Since 2019, it has shook the world in many respects, especially, it disrupted economies and societies and halted the majority of human endeavor. Commentaries and reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the media showed an alarming situation that could be damning in low and middle income countries. Economic pundits and global public health experts also anticipated doom and gloom for African countries. However, in terms of mortality, the Americas, Europe and Asia have suffered more losses. Irrespective of these loses in Europe, Africa’s case needs better appreciation within our contemporary historical discourse. The burgeoning challenge of the COVID disease and mortalities arising thereby, among other things, necessitated the introduction of policies based on the WHO’s historical understanding of how the world has dealt with pandemics in the past. Some of the strategies that were deployed to fight the pandemic included hand washing under running water with soap, the use of alcohol based hand sanitizers, the wearing of nose masks, social distancing, self-isolation as well as partial and complete lockdowns of states and communities. The major economic disruption really came about as a result of many lockdown policies that were implemented by several countries in Africa without proper reference to their own societal contexts. These issues notwithstanding, it is important to emphasize that the extent of the impact on different communities differed to a large extent, even though there were similar levels of the nature of the infection and the general economic outlook among the global community. This current contribution on the COVID-19 discourse used political economy and economic shock as bases to highlight the extent of the impact of the disease by highlighting examples from respective countries in Africa, namely, Ghana, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Algeria and South Africa. In particular, the impact of policies like lock-down on some of these African countries are highlighted for further discussions in future empirical research. The study relied on contemporary historical evidence from multidisciplinary sources on health, economics, policy, and other related studies on epidemiology, public health, health education and promotion, reports and sources from the World Health Organization (WHO). Specifically, the authors have used published research in Lancet, the International Journal of Infectious Diseases, BMJ Global Health, Frontiers in Public Health and the Pan African Medical Journal. The others were African Development Review, Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, Africa Spectrum and International Journal of Financial Research including several other empirical research. In attempting a social and economic interpretation based on contemporary historical sense, the findings of this present study suggest that African political actors or leaders should make persistent or steady efforts to strengthen the economies of their states to lessen economic shocks and social costs that come about as a result of pandemics such as the COVID-19. It also identified the fact that within the globalized space, application of policies from other countries including international organizations should not be devoid of context.

This article revisits one of the most iconic moments in the recent history of photojournalism in Mexico: the Zapatista uprising at Chiapas in 1994. Throughout the essay, the publication of Pedro Valtierra's famous photograph of a group of women who bravely confronted the Mexican Army on January 3, 1998, which immediately obtained international recognition, is reviewed, followed by an analysis of the photographer's work, as well as the historical context within which the images depicted are situated. Through the analysis of photographs, combined with the narrated experiences of the photojournalists who created them, 1 examine the development of new political identities, such as indigenous Zapatista women, as well as the changing roles of photographs and the media press during the last years of the twentieth century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on an educational experience based on the methodology of service-learning (ApS) in two university courses on Contemporary History. The students collaborated with non-academic social agents to generate knowledge with social impact. Although there was satisfaction with the experience, areas for improvement were identified in the functioning of the group and the quality of interactions. The article suggests that ApS can be useful for teaching Contemporary History, but modifications are needed. The steps for preparation, execution, and evaluation of the service are also presented, as well as the results of a study on the implementation of ApS in two subjects at the Autonomous University of Madrid. The results were positive, but the need for greater direct contact with social agents was highlighted. In addition, bibliographic references related to service-learning in the university context are mentioned. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Revista Entramado is the property of Universidad Libre Seccional Cali and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Recent studies show that, despite being absorbed in a hypervisual culture, students are not capable of deciphering, understanding and interpret the content and message of the images they observe. Conscious of the need for a visual literacy and convinced of the educational value of iconographic sources in the teaching of history; we present a didactic experience developed in the 4th year of ESO in the contemporary history subject that claims the use of the images. Description of the project: Using cooperative learning and under the supervision of the teacher, the students divided into five groups, carry out an investigation that links the topics studied theoretically in class with a work of art. Under the leadership of a group, another four work on aspects that concern the artist, the aesthetic-artistic characteristics of the chosen work, identify the main theme combining the historical fact that represents it, and, finally, locate the work and the place or entity that guards it today. The leadership changes with each work along with the work carried out by each group. Results: A panel with 29 works of art of that summarizes contemporary history in his view, as well as a detailed study of each work in table format that is disclosed to the educational community with small texts on the school’s Facebook page. Conclusions:The project favors a significant learning of history and starts students in the interpretation and analysis of iconographic sources, thus contributing to their visual literacy and their education in free, critical and democratic citizen by analyzing different works of art. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]