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Objectives: This study aimed to compare the analgesic effect between carprofen and grapiprant every 12 or 24 h on postoperative pain in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy, in addition to the effects on the hematological, biochemical and urinalysis variables., Methods: A total of 32 female cats were randomly divided into three groups, according to the treatment administered with the first dose given orally 90 mins before surgery, as follows: CAR (cats received 4 mg/kg carprofen, n = 11); GRA1 (cats received 2 mg/kg grapiprant, n = 10); and GRA2 (cats received 2 mg/kg grapiprant q12h, n = 11). Pain was assessed by UNESP-Botucatu Multidimensional Composite Pain Scale (UNESP) and Glasgow Feline Composite Measure Pain Scale (GLASGOW) for cats preoperatively (baseline) and at 1, 3, 6, 8, 12 and 24 h after extubation. Venous blood was collected at baseline, and 12 and 24 h after the administration of carprofen or grapiprant to perform a complete blood count (CBC), the percentage of Heinz bodies and serum biochemistry (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, creatinine and urea). Urinalysis was performed at baseline and 24 h after extubation. Glucose levels were evaluated at baseline and 1 h postoperatively., Results: Pain scores were not significantly different among groups in both scales, although pain was higher at 3 h in comparison with 24 h in all groups. In the GRA1 and GRA2 groups, 67% (14/21) of cats needed rescue analgesia compared with 18% (2/11) in the CAR group. Glucose increased from baseline to 1 h in the GRA1 and GRA2 groups. None of the CBC, serum biochemistry and urinalysis variables differed among groups., Conclusions and Relevance: Grapiprant did not promote adequate analgesia during the first 3 h postoperatively in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy compared with carprofen, and no benefits were observed by administering grapiprant every 12 h.

The occurrence of laryngeal paralysis following endotracheal intubation in dogs is rare. A one-year-old canine was presented with aspiration pneumonia in the postoperative period following general anesthesia for acetabular denervation surgery. After a month of treatment for aspiration pneumonia, the patient had inspiratory stridor and dyspnea, and the diagnosis of unilateral laryngeal paralysis was made through laryngoscopy. Along with the benefits of endotracheal intubation come many risks. Laryngeal paralysis can be a serious complication, predisposing the patient to aspiration. This report is the second in veterinary medicine to describe laryngeal paralysis as a possible complication after endotracheal intubation in a dog., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

To investigate the effects of heterologous adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on autologous full-thickness skin grafts, we designed a first-intention healing model using Wistar rats. We harvested and sutured two full-thickness skin grafts in the dorsal recipient beds of 15 rats, randomized into three groups. In the treatment group, 1 × 10 6 ADSCs resuspended in saline solution (200 μL) were administered subcutaneously to the skin graft. The control group received only saline solution subcutaneously, whereas the negative control group did not receive any treatment. Compressive dressings were maintained until postoperative day 5. The grafts were assessed by two observers, who checked for the presence of epidermolysis on day 14. Planimetry showed the relative areas of normal skin, redness, ulceration, and contraction. Graft samples were obtained on day 14 and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome. Epidermal analysis evaluated thickening, keratosis, acanthosis, hydropic degeneration, and inflammatory infiltrate. Dermal evaluation investigated the absence of hair follicles, granulation tissue formation, presence of inflammatory infiltrate, and collagen deposition. Immunohistochemistry was performed for dermal anti-VEGF and epidermal anti-Ki-67 staining. The ADSC group presented better macroscopic aspects, lower incidence of epidermolysis, and less loss of hair follicles. In addition, the ADSC group presented the lowest frequency of histopathological changes in the dermis and epidermis, as well as the largest subcutaneous and granulation tissue VEGF averages and the weakest Ki-67 staining of the epidermal basal layer. Subcutaneous administration of ADSCs may improve the integration of skin grafts, reducing the deleterious effects of ischemia and reperfusion injury., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major cause of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, and there is evidence to suggest that stem cell transplantation may be a viable treatment option for this condition. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to assess myocardial regeneration in rabbits with doxorubicin-induced DCM treated with adipose mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) alone or in combination with platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Twenty New Zealand rabbits received doxorubicin for the induction of DCM and were divided into four groups according to treatment: saline, MSC, PRP and MSC + RP. Treatment agents were injected directly into the left ventricular myocardium following a thoracoscopy. Rabbits were assessed through echocardiographic and electrocardiographic examinations, as well as serum cardiac troponin I measurements at baseline, after the induction of DCM and 15 days after treatment. Animals were euthanased following the last assessment, and hearts were collected for histopathological analyses. The MSC group showed improvements in all parameters assessed, while the PRP group showed significantly impaired heart function. Histopathology of the heart revealed that the MSC group displayed the lowest number of lesions, while rabbits in the MSC + PRP, saline and PRP groups had steadily advancing lesions. These results suggest that MSC transplantation can improve heart function in rabbits with DCM, and underscore the need for further studies of the effects of PRP on the myocardium., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The inoculation of cells into injury sites can accelerate and improve the quality of nerve regeneration. This study aimed to evaluate the functional and regenerative effects of mononuclear autologous bone marrow cells (MABMC) combined with silicon conduit grafting in rabbit femoral nerves. Twenty-eight animals were allocated to one of two groups: treatment group (TG) or control group (CG), divided according to the time of evaluation, at either 50 or 75 days. After neurotmesis of the femoral nerve, surgical repair was performed with nerve autografts in silicon conduits, leaving a 5mm gap in both groups. The TG received MABMC in silicon conduits, and CG received a sham saline inoculum. Histological, clinical and electrophysiological analyses detected no differences between groups, but analysis of leg diameter showed that TG diameters were larger. This cell therapy did not improve regeneration of the femoral nerve, but there was a tendency for better functional recovery., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Background and Objective: Evaluate the antinociceptive effects of subarachnoid meloxicam on the mechanical hypernociception induced by carrageenan in rats., Methods: Randomized controlled trial. Eighteen adult male Wistar rats underwent a cannula implantation into the subarachnoid space and were randomly divided into two groups: Group I (GI) received saline solution 5μL, while Group II (GII) received meloxicam 30mg. The mechanical hypernociception was induced by intraplantar injection of carrageenan and evaluated using a digital analgesymeter every 30minutes during a 4 hour period. The results were recorded as the Δ withdrawal threshold (in g), calculated by subtracting the measurement value after, Results: The Δ withdrawal threshold mean values were lower in the group of patients treated with meloxicam over all time points between 45 and 165minutes, however, there was no statistical significance, (p=0.835) for this difference., Conclusion: Subarachnoid meloxicam at a dose of 30μg.animal(-1) did not suppress the mechanical hypernociception in a model of inflammatory pain induced by intraplantar administration of carrageenan in rats. The data suggest that other dosages should be investigated the drug effect is discarded., (Copyright © 2014 Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia. Publicado por Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.)