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Phenomenography is a research tradition originating from research on students' studying and learning. The research methods of phenomenography have been discussed and criticized by many authors. There is a need for a presentation of the historical methodological foundation of phenomenography. The phenomenographic research methods are best understood as placed within the general research methodology and research approach of contextual analysis. The following description is directed to all interested in phenomenography and its methodological foundation. It is also directed to all interested in research methodology, especially in the fields of empirical educational and social science research. After a brief introduction, the common background of contextual analysis and phenomenography, and the origin and development of contextual analysis and phenomenography, are briefly outlined. Then, the methodological reflections and orientations in phenomenography, and the foundation of contextual analysis and phenomenography are presented. The article ends with a conclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dados - Revista de Ciências Sociais is the property of DADOS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To examine the relationship between site‐level adaptation and early adoption of Caregivers Finding Important Resources, Support, and Training (FIRST) training during national implementation across diverse Veteran Health Administration (VA) medical centers. Data Sources and Study Setting: We enrolled and evaluated 25 VA medical centers (VAMCs). Along with administrative data on site characteristics, we examined site‐reported data on adaptations and intervention adoption, defined as ≥4 training classes delivered to ≥5 caregivers at 6 months from April through October 2022. Study Design: A type III hybrid implementation‐effectiveness cluster randomized controlled trial, randomized VAMCs 1:1 to receive foundational (low‐touch) implementation support (n = 12) or the addition of enhanced (high‐touch) implementation support (n = 13). Data Collection/Extraction Methods: At key implementation phases, VAMCs were asked to report adaptations including content, contextual modifications (format, setting, personnel, and population), and training of providers. We describe site‐level adaptations by arm and by organizational characteristics that included VAMC complexity level, staffing, rurality, and organizational readiness to change. We used qualitative comparative analysis to identify unique adaptations that contributed to intervention adoption at 6 months. Principal Finding s : VAMCs randomized to receive enhanced support reported slightly more adaptations than those randomized to foundational support. At 6 months, VAMCs with two or more adaptations adopted Caregivers FIRST at a higher rate than those with fewer adaptations (90% vs. 44%). Staffing adaptations (e.g., who delivered the intervention), format and content (e.g., modified delivery pace), and referring provider training were unique adaptations to adopting sites. Conclusions: Site‐level adaptations were diverse and occurred more frequently in sites with early adoption of Caregivers FIRST. Future research should identify best practices of supporting and monitoring intervention adaptation. Understanding the role of adaptation in early adoption success could assist other healthcare systems in implementing interventions for caregivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The seals and seal impressions from the site of Basmaya, a provincial Kassite town close to the Tigris-Diyala river junction, comprise five cylinder seals, a possible ring-seal, a sealed clay lump, and a cuneiform document impressed with a fingernail. All seals were found in domestic contexts, recovered from the floors and fill in the rooms of two large houses. Only two of the seals are contemporary with the context in which they were found. The three others, a Mitanni seal and two Old Babylonian seals, predate the Kassite period. Through a contextual analysis, this paper will propose that the Basmaya seals were conceptualized and used in different ways at the site, including as sealing devices—as expected—but also as collectibles and/or ornaments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social media has revolutionized the manner in which our society is interconnected. While this extensive connectivity offers numerous benefits, it is also accompanied by significant drawbacks, particularly in terms of the proliferation of fake news and the vast dissemination of hate speech. Identifying offensive comments is a critical task for ensuring the safety of users, which is why industry and academia have been working on developing solutions to this problem. Prior research on hate speech detection has predominantly focused on the English language, with few studies devoted to other languages such as Portuguese. This paper introduces the Offensive Language Identification Dataset for Brazilian Portuguese (OLID-BR), a high-quality NLP dataset for offensive language detection, which we make publicly available. The dataset contains 6,354 (extendable to 13,538) comments labeled using a fine-grained three-layer annotation schema compatible with datasets in other languages, which allows the training of multilingual/cross-lingual models. The five NLP tasks available in OLID-BR allow the detection of offensive comments, the classification of the types of offenses such as racism, LGBTQphobia, sexism, xenophobia, and so on, the identification of the type and the target of offensive comments, and the extraction of toxic spans of offensive comments. All those tasks can enhance the capabilities of content moderation systems by providing deep contextual analysis or highlighting the spans that make a text toxic. We further experiment with and evaluate the dataset using state-of-the-art BERT-based and NER models, which demonstrates the usefulness of OLID-BR for the development of toxicity detection systems for Portuguese texts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While true interdisciplinarity is needed to understand morality and its development, a realistic step in that direction for the current special issue is to enhance and promote a neglected disciplinary contribution to the field, namely sociology. This special issue brings together six articles applying sociological analysis to moral development and education together with one article overviewing sociological contributions to morality in general. The work is intended to invigorate sociological treatments of moral development and education as a step toward a genuinely interdisciplinary domain of research on morality and its education. The contributions to this special issue bring alive the moral background by combining contextual and individual levels of analysis in the exploration of difficult topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emerging research on followership has overwhelmingly been focused on for‐profit organizations. This research investigates four British congregations from different Christian denominations to explore how differing contexts shape the understanding of followership in nonprofit organizations. Using implicit followership theory, we analyze the value sets deriving from theological‐ideological, institutional, and local contexts and explore informants' perceptions of ideal followership attributes. By conducting 26 semi‐structured interviews with three different types of actors, we found that church members found themselves in a dialectic relationship between institutional norms and local settings, which shape the way followership is perceived. In terms of follower attributes, we identified faith‐related and ethical as well as relational attributes to be prevalent. With this research, we advance current understandings of how effective leader‐follower relationships in nonprofit organizations can be formed highlighting the importance of differing contexts for perceiving the role of followers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

King's Felicitous Underspecification (FU) is a rich, thought-provoking book, which draws on a wide range of novel and largely unappreciated linguistic examples to argue that we should take the idea of a felicitously underspecified use of context-sensitive language very seriously. If felicitous underspecification is as prevalent as King argues, understanding the mechanisms involved in its interpretation is crucial for our overall understanding of linguistic communication. FU further offers a sophisticated account of these mechanisms. In this piece, I critically examine some of the main themes in FU. In doing so, I raise some worries for the interpretive mechanisms King posits. Specifically, I pose some challenges for his intentionalist GCA meta-semantics, and raise worries about the central interpretive role he assigns to his proposed contextual update rule, FUU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper presents a novel algorithmic approach for character recognition and contextual analysis of temple inscriptions, specifically focusing on Tamil ancient script. The methodology combines advanced preprocessing techniques, deep learning models, and contextual analysis to address the challenges posed by noisy images, script variations, and historical context understanding. We compiled a dataset of 100 high-resolution images of temple inscriptions from various regions and periods. The preprocessing phase involves Noise Reduction, Contrast Enhancement, Orientation Correction, and Adaptive Binarization algorithms to enhance the quality of the inscription images. The character recognition stage employs Convolutional Neural Networks with Transfer Learning, further enhanced by the Multi-head Attention mechanism in Vision Transformers (ViT). The character segmentation algorithm used was the Stroke Width Transform. Transfer Learning was incorporated to adapt the pre-trained ViT model to our specific task. This approach significantly improves the model's ability to recognize characters from diverse scripts and languages. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. The character recognition accuracy metrics include a precision of 97.25%, a recall of 95.05%, and an F1-score of 95.17%. Additionally, the model achieved a recognition rate of 98.92% for key terms related to historical events, deities, and rulers. It also demonstrated a 94% recognition rate for context-specific phrases and a 95% recognition rate for historical dates. Contextual analysis results indicate that the model successfully identifies specific terms, phrases, and historical references, contributing to a deeper understanding of the inscriptions. The model's ability to recognize characters from multiple scripts underscores its adaptability to diverse inscriptions. In conclusion, this research provides a comprehensive and efficient solution for character recognition and contextual analysis of temple inscriptions in Tamil ancient script. It advances the field of epigraphy and historical research, facilitating the digital preservation and exploration of historical and cultural heritage contained within these inscriptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article aims to describe the meaning, functions, and expressive value of new compound words with the initial segment neo- occurring in contemporary Polish, e.g., neosędzia, neo-KRS, neoprezes, neozarząd. To this end, a corpus analysis was carried out using data extracted from Monco Frazeo and a contextual analysis of examples from the Internet. A questionnaire was also conducted to investigate the expressive value of the words in question. The analysis shows that the meaning of the particle neo- in combination with some words has expanded. Apart from the semantic component denoting the novelty of what is referred to in the second segment, the neo-element also introduces information that the designate thus named is deemed fallacious, false, or politicised. At the same time, regardless of the context, it expresses the speaker's negative attitude to what is being referred to. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a contrastive learning approach for morphological disambiguation (MD) using large language models (LLMs) is presented. A contrastive loss function is introduced for training the approach, which reduces the distance between the correct analysis and contextual embeddings while maintaining a margin between correct and incorrect embeddings. One of the aims of the paper is to analyze the effects of fine-tuning an LLM on MD in morphologically complex languages (MCLs) with special reference to low-resource languages such as Kazakh, as well as Turkish. Another goal of the paper is to consider various distance measures for this contrastive loss function, aiming to achieve better results when performing disambiguation by computing the distance between the context and the analysis embeddings. The existing approaches for morphological disambiguation, such as HMM-based and feature-engineering approaches, have limitations in modeling long-term dependencies and in the case of large, sparse tagsets. These challenges are mitigated in the proposed approach by leveraging LLMs, thus achieving better accuracy in handling the cases of ambiguity and OOV tokens without the need to rely on other features. Experiments were conducted on three datasets for two MCLs, Kazakh and Turkish—the former is a typical low-resource language. The results revealed that the proposed approach with contrastive loss improves MD performance when integrated with knowledge from large language models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to compare the linguistic characteristics of Middle Eastern English with British and American English in the context of YouTube. For this purpose, the theoretical framework adopted is Biber's Multidimensional Analysis, in which Middle Eastern English is compared with British and American English regarding language usage features. To do so, the present study considers a purposive sample of 40 YouTube videos with speakers from the Middle East, Britain, and America. The methodology entails the use of a wellplanned and structured process to assess the various aspects of the language of spoken English in the videos. In the particular concern of this study, the emphasis lies on comparing Middle Eastern English and its relation to British and American English on YouTube. Specifically, the comparative analysis identifies the differences in the linguistic features due to cultural, social, and contextual factors in Middle Eastern English. Based on the findings, Middle Eastern English differs from British and American English because it is more argumentative, less abstract, less situation-bound, and less narrative. Consequently, the results of this study help analyze the current state of change in English varieties on social media and reveal the sociolinguistic aspects of the English language in relation to the video-sharing site YouTube. The study elicits a rather complex picture of how linguistic diversity comes into play with regard to the integrated and interconnected nature of today's cyberspace communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Cervical cancer remains a significant public health concern in Europe. Effective introduction and scaling up of human papillomavirus (HPV) detection-based cervical cancer screening (CCS) requires a systematic assessment of health systems capacity. However, there is no validated capacity assessment methodology for CCS programmes, especially in European contexts. Addressing this gap, our study introduces an innovative and adaptable protocol for evaluating the capacity of CCS programmes across varying European health system settings. Methods Our research team developed a three-step capacity assessment framework, incorporating a health policy review checklist, a facility visit survey, and key informants’ interview guide followed by a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis. Piloting this comprehensive approach, we explored the CCS capacity in three countries: Estonia, Portugal and Romania. These countries were selected due to their contrasting healthcare structures and resources, providing a diverse overview of the European context. Results Conducted over a period of 9 months, the capacity assessment covered multiple resources, 27 screening centres, 16 colposcopy and treatment centres and 15 key informant interviews. Our analysis highlighted both shared and country-specific challenges. A key common issue was ensuring high compliance to follow-up and management of screen-positive women. We identified considerable heterogeneity in resources and organization across the three countries, underscoring the need for tailored, rather than one-size-fits-all, solutions. Conclusions Our study’s novelty lies in the successful development of this capacity assessment methodology implementable within a relatively short time frame, proving its feasibility for use in various contexts and countries. The resulting set of materials, adaptable to different cancer types, is a ready-to-use toolkit to improve cancer screening processes and outcomes. This research marks a significant stride towards comprehensive capacity assessment for CCS programmes in Europe. Future directions include deploying these tools in other countries and cancer types, thereby contributing to the global fight against cancer.

Animal rights organisations worldwide fight against live shipments of meat animals. The main Israeli NGOs leading the fight are Animals-Now, Israel against Live Shipments, and Let the Animals Live. Their visual rhetoric highlights the cruelty of these shipments. Combined with written messages, photographs of animal suffering appeal to viewers’ emotions and conscience. This article examined ‘Stop the Death Transports!’ – The most extensive campaign led by these NGOs, together with Animals Australia, in 2016. It analysed the campaign poster from the approaches of photography semiotics and visual contextual analysis, informed by theories of visual culture and animal ethics. The campaign represents an intermediate approach between the hardcore and softcore approaches, using visual and verbal references to the Holocaust and slavery. However, though the use of the Holocaust is highly charged for local Jewish viewers thus contributing to the understanding of the immorality of consuming meat, it may in fact assuage their conscience by shifting the moral burden from the meat eaters to the transporters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the rising divergence but convergence of self-determination and secessionist campaigns in Nigeria. For a contextual analysis, it turns to Edward Azar's protracted social conflict (PSC) theory, exploring the connections between communal disgruntlement and self-determination. The analysis indicates a significant relationship between communal dissatisfaction and self-determination. Through purposive sampling, it selected 44 in-depth interview respondents to obtain complementary qualitative data that were content analysed. In contrast to the 1960s secessionism, which was largely restricted to Eastern Nigeria, combined with the legacies of colonial rule, popularity of ethno-religious politics, an increase in insecurity and violence, economic hardship, communal insecurity, and deeper perception of ethnic marginalisation, the current wave of self-determination is more contagious and politically attractive in three (South West (SW), South East (SE) and South (SS) –) of the existing six geopolitical zones in Nigeria. The article concludes, returning to the erstwhile regionalism will salvage Nigeria from territorial disintegration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of a failure of #MeToo in France and in light of the intrinsic limitations of this movement, 'I believe you' has become one of the battle cries of contemporary French feminism, appearing on protest signs during activist performances and demonstrations, but also on street-pastings disseminated in urban spaces by grassroots feminist collectives. Through a pragmatic analysis of this statement-slogan paradoxically addressed to everyone singularly and to no one in particular, this article demonstrates the performative dimension of post-#MeToo French feminism which aims at once to individually repair and collectively denounce the wrong caused by the silencing of victims of sexual and gender-based violence. Building on Jean-François Lyotard's philosophical elaboration of the phrastic mechanisms at stake in negationism, as well as feminist scholarship on believability, to demonstrate how the pragmatics of silencing throws survivors into a state of social death, I show how 'I believe you' – through the interplay of first- and second-person pronouns – allows the re-subjectivation of individual survivors who encounter it serendipitously in public spaces. Turning to the contextual analysis of activist configurations that have recently mobilized 'je te crois' in public space, I then show how this slogan creates feminist counter-spaces where the vulnerability of assembled bodies becomes the site of political subversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Load monitoring has been identified as a valuable tool for optimizing training planning and minimizing injury risk. This study's aim was divided into two main objectives: (1) to describe the physical demands during official competition through IMU (inertial movement unit) metrics and (2) to investigate the relationship between basketball statistics and these physical demands. Twelve female highly trained basketballers (26.5 ± 5.3 years, 180 ± 7.1 cm, and 73.6 ± 10.3 kg) were monitored during four official games. Our results indicate that games with more frequent possession changes, particularly those driven by steals and turnovers, exhibit higher physical demands. Additionally, longer game durations were associated with longer recovery time while maintaining similar active time and physical load. Players who assume prominent shooting roles face greater conditional demands, such as increased jumps and impacts, even with equal playing time. These findings suggest that IMUs provide valuable insights into high-intensity actions and patterns, indicating a direct association between physical load and player performance in professional female basketball. This study also highlights the potential for professionals to better manage workload and understand player demands using these insights, even in the absence of in-game sensor data. Our research underscores the importance of contextual analysis in sports performance studies, encouraging future investigations into game phases and their specific physical demands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Crowded urban regions pose a complex urban challenge that can adversely affect urban residents, encompassing aspects like mental and physical well-being, overall livability and quality of life. The complexity in determining the factors influencing the crowding perception, which encompass subjective and situational psychological factors alongside physical and environmental attributes, imparts ambiguity to planners' approach. This study aims to unravel the intricate interplay between crowding and the physical attributes inherent in the built environment. Design/methodology/approach: This literature review analyses theories linking urban planning and environmental psychology to uncover gaps in the relationship between urban design principles and residents' perceptions of crowding. It also explores influential variables affecting crowding perception and diverse methodologies across contexts. Findings: The study built upon a broad literature review which is expected to summarise and classify the variables of urban planning components and approaches according to their impacts on the psychological perception of crowding. Furthermore, highlighting a number of recommendations that can be considered a guide for planners and urban designers to enhance the urban experience and reduce the perception of crowding. Originality/value: This study seeks to improve the overall experience of crowding in densely populated urban areas. It accomplishes this by identifying influential factors and comprehending the associated outcomes in such contexts. Furthermore, it bridges perspectives from various fields to examine relevant policies and strategies to mitigate crowding consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Integrated reporting (IR) represents a cutting-edge model for sustainability reporting. Despite gaining traction in several countries, its acceptance in China remains limited, with research exploring its implementation within the Chinese context being notably sparse. Whether IR is a universally applicable reporting approach is under debate, but the context is deemed to influence the universality of IR adoption. Regrettably, context-specific research, especially concerning emerging markets such as China, is noticeably absent. This paper endeavours to address this gap, responding to the requests of IR scholars by examining the suitability of IR for China through a thorough consideration of wide-ranging national-level factors. A conceptual model, rooted in institutional theory, is presented to theorize the feasibility and necessity of IR in particular nations. To achieve the objectives of this study, a contextual analysis, comprising political, economic, social, and technological (PEST) analysis, coupled with content analysis, is employed. The PEST analysis evaluates factors uniquely relevant to the local Chinese environment, including cultural, economic, political, legal, international, social, and environmental aspects. Concurrently, content analysis is used to assess the alignment of Chinese firms' corporate reports with the International Integrated Reporting Framework (IIRF) for the years 2012 and 2020. The findings suggest that in the Chinese context, IR is both feasible and necessary, affirming its applicability within the country. This research offers guidance for future studies similar to ours and serves as a roadmap for further IR research within China. The implications of this study will be of interest to both practitioners and regulatory bodies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on age restrictions on access to infertility treatments and eligibility for their public reimbursement, exploring their relevancy in contexts of rising late birth rates (40+). I explore how age‐based reimbursement policies for in vitro fertilization treatments have responded to these fertility trends in 27 high‐income countries and in which regulatory frameworks for medically assisted reproduction (MAR) very late births (45+) have particularly increased. First, I show that while age limits for treatment reimbursement are well aligned with the prevalence of late fertility in some national contexts, in most countries, strict age restrictions are lagging behind the rise in late births. In others, pronatalist policies have prompted permissive age criteria or law revisions, anticipating or adapting to rising trends in late births. Second, the rise in very late births has been limited in some contexts with strict age‐based rules. However, the analysis suggests that the impact of MAR on very late births may also be influenced by contextual factors other than regulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Self-sovereign identity (SSI) embodies the fundamental human right to own and control a digital identity that grants access to public, social, and financial services. The absence of a dedicated digital identity layer in the development of the Internet has rendered SSI a significant challenge in contemporary society. Blockchain technology emerges as a promising solution by enabling the creation of decentralized and automatically verifiable identities. This study contextualizes SSI and analyzes how blockchain technology facilitates the autonomous management of digital identities. It explores nine prominent frameworks in this field-Sovrin, uPort, Jolocom, ShoCard, Litentry, Civic, KILT, Idena, and ION-highlighting their features, functionalities, and compliance with digital identity principles. The research concludes by identifying the challenges and opportunities in implementing these systems for digital identity management, thus contributing to the advancement of this emerging field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To achieve an effective integral formation of the students of the specialty primary teachers of the half superior level, the formative process should take charge of all the fundamental pillars of its education, where learning how to cohabit completes a fundamental paper for this student of the Pedagogic School. The investigation is channeled to contribute to the solution of the inadequacies in the formative activities, related with the unit of the students' of the specialty of primary teachers of the half superior level educational influences; they limit the establishment of appropriate interpersonal relationships in the different formative contexts. For it partly of this doctoral study is carried out a contextual historical-logical analysis of becoming of this process landed to the case Granma and Bayamo in which stages landmarks and regularities of the process are contributed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research study delves into the dynamics of instructional designers' decision-making practices concerning the integration of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) principles in online learning environments within higher education. The study emphasizes the influence of contextual factors on instructional designers' decision-making, recognizing the challenges they face in aligning with UDL principles. The methodology involved a Q-sort survey with 20 participants, exploring how they prioritize UDL aspects during online instruction design. The subsequent factor analysis revealed four distinct groups of instructional designers with varying priorities. Factor Group 1 emphasized alternatives for visuals and audio, prioritizing ADA accessibility needs, relevance, authenticity, collaboration, and community. Factor Group 2 focused on executive functions, misunderstanding some elements as faculty-oriented, emphasizing planning and strategy. Factor Group 3 prioritized text decoding, mathematical notation, and multimedia illustration, emphasizing deeper comprehension. The study concludes by presenting findings and trends, offering recommendations for heuristics development to address UDL in higher education institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Review of International Affairs (04866096) is the property of Institute of International Politics & Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Healthy community assessment standards significantly influence community design and planning and are an important measure of a community's ability to support health and well-being. Previous studies have mostly focused on built-environment indicators. However, building a healthy community is a complex issue involving multiple dimensions and factors. The consideration of the full range of health promotion factors is the key to determining their potential impact on individuals' health. It is necessary to consider multiple perspectives to deepen the understanding of community health influences and enhance the effectiveness of the implementation of the assessment standards. The socio-ecological model (SEM) provides a critical framework for understanding the multiple influences on individual health. In this study, a two-dimensional interdisciplinary analytical framework of "socio-ecological factors–development goals" is developed by integrating development goals that summarize building considerations in assessment standards. Contextual analysis is used to examine the provisions of the following assessment standards: Assessment Standard for Healthy Community (ASHC), Assessment Standard for Healthy Retrofitting of Existing Residential Area (ASHRERA), WELL Community Standard (WELL), and Fitwel Certification System of Community (Fitwel). The results show that community and organization factors are used more than interpersonal and policy factors among the four standards. Humanistic constructions lack attention in the ASHC and ASHRERA standards compared with the other standards. The differences between the four standards indicate that there is a need to focus on regional features and develop locally adapted interventions. This study offers a novel exploration of the potential effectiveness of healthy community assessment standards from a multidisciplinary perspective. The results of this study support standard-setters and planners in the development of interventions to improve building healthy communities using intersectionality frameworks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent times have witnessed a surge in the popularity of video gaming among Malaysians. In this article, we explore the evolution of video game culture in Malaysia from the 1980s to the early 2020s, illustrating its transformation from a casual pastime to a growing contributor to the nation's digital economy. We aim to delineate the sociohistorical development of video gaming in Malaysia, examining its emergence and integration into everyday contemporary culture. We conducted an online search for relevant academic work, government and industry reports, media coverage, and digital platforms that specifically addressed the Malaysian context and more broadly the Southeast Asian context. Following this, we performed qualitative content analysis, initially to establish a chronological overview by decades, and thematically to identify the four key agents of the players, the audiences, the industry, and the society. Our findings highlight the dynamic interplay between these agents and detail the transformative impact of the recent COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on gaming practices. We conclude the article by reiterating the cultural significance of video games for Malaysians and identify opportunities for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study proposes an anthropological approach to understanding the organization of the 3. maj shipyard in the city of Rijeka, Croatia. The article examines the shipyard through the prism of development attempts and the failed implementation of an effective information system between the 1970s and 2010s. It focuses on analyzing the shipyard's internal organizational dynamics specifically in relation to the introduction of new technology, as well as its interrelations with external sociopolitical developments and developments in the shipbuilding industry. In order to achieve this, the author presents two kinds of relationships: one serving as an example of the shipyard's contextual embeddedness in its sociopolitical environment, and the other providing a glimpse into the inner workings of the organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

E-learning has become an emerging approach to delivering knowledge and information to students. It presents significant challenges to sharing and understanding learners' knowledge, inquiries, interest, and needs. Educational organizations are expected to apply the appropriate practice to address knowledge-sharing challenges in the e-learning environment. In this study, through a systematic literature review, we intend to identify and synthesize knowledge-sharing challenges and practices as well as classify the most discussed challenges and practices in various contextual settings. The findings classify the knowledge-sharing challenges and practices in e-learning from four perspectives: organization, individual, knowledge and technology. This study aims to build a knowledge base to support future research and effective knowledge-sharing practices in the e-learning environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cervical cancer remains a significant public health concern in Europe. Effective introduction and scaling up of human papillomavirus (HPV) detection-based cervical cancer screening (CCS) requires a systematic assessment of health systems capacity. However, there is no validated capacity assessment methodology for CCS programmes, especially in European contexts. Addressing this gap, our study introduces an innovative and adaptable protocol for evaluating the capacity of CCS programmes across varying European health system settings. Methods: Our research team developed a three-step capacity assessment framework, incorporating a health policy review checklist, a facility visit survey, and key informants' interview guide followed by a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis. Piloting this comprehensive approach, we explored the CCS capacity in three countries: Estonia, Portugal and Romania. These countries were selected due to their contrasting healthcare structures and resources, providing a diverse overview of the European context. Results: Conducted over a period of 9 months, the capacity assessment covered multiple resources, 27 screening centres, 16 colposcopy and treatment centres and 15 key informant interviews. Our analysis highlighted both shared and country-specific challenges. A key common issue was ensuring high compliance to follow-up and management of screen-positive women. We identified considerable heterogeneity in resources and organization across the three countries, underscoring the need for tailored, rather than one-size-fits-all, solutions. Conclusions: Our study's novelty lies in the successful development of this capacity assessment methodology implementable within a relatively short time frame, proving its feasibility for use in various contexts and countries. The resulting set of materials, adaptable to different cancer types, is a ready-to-use toolkit to improve cancer screening processes and outcomes. This research marks a significant stride towards comprehensive capacity assessment for CCS programmes in Europe. Future directions include deploying these tools in other countries and cancer types, thereby contributing to the global fight against cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As socially engaged art has played a vibrant role in responding to the crisis of the postmodernist art regime, the current post-Occupy condition has manifested itself in artistic interventions in rural China. In contrast to social writing, which encompasses street art, designers going to the countryside, and industrial empowerment to construct "good cultural governance" or "good cultural taste," the term personal writing as used here describes a type of avant-garde intervention that has sparked interest in vernacular communities. It provides a socially minded critique of art production as bifurcated from the remaking of everyday social relations and subjectivities, political and cultural possibilities, and the rural Chinese future. Grounded in a contextual analysis of the social turn in Chinese contemporary art and the lingering "rural problem" under post-socialism, this article takes artist Mao Chenyu's Paddy Film project as an example of personal writing and proposes this artist's activisms at Dongting Lake as a specific intervening field, visual ethnography as a method, paddy rice as a distinctive "thing," and archival practices as a deconstructive pathway that together have promoted the emergence of a resistance narrative in artistic intervention in Chinese rural communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

School-age children constitute a significant portion of the Syrian refugee population in Türkiye. However, the number of studies examining the Syrian refugee children with disabilities (SRCwDs) is very limited. This paper examines intersections of race, disability, and refugee status by providing a systematic review of the available research focusing on SRCwDs residing in Türkiye. After giving contextual information regarding the status of Syrian refugees and presenting research on Syrian refugee children in Türkiye, this paper analyses existing studies on SRCwDs within the theoretical framework of DisCrit. This analysis reveals that research focusing on SRCwDs living in Türkiye is very limited and reliable and comprehensive data is necessary to identify their number in the country. There are also numerous problems regarding their access to services and schooling. Finally, this paper offers recommendations for practice and further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable design discourse reflects diverse understandings and ideological perspectives, leading to a profusion of codes, guides, approaches and solutions, with competing claims to relevance in different contexts. This article presents a comparative investigation of four architectural projects in Nairobi, Kenya, focusing on the sustainable design approaches of different design teams, clients, and other stakeholders. The study includes interviews with architects together with field observations. The analysis examines technical and ideological approaches to sustainability, comparing the influence of techno-centric 'Western' approaches with low-tech alternatives, before reflecting on the most appropriate design strategies for the social and climate context. The findings highlight the significance of collaboration and conflicts between stakeholders, and the implications for design decisions. It examines the complexities, challenges, and trade-offs inherent to achieving a sustainable outcome when stakeholders with different interpretations of sustainability are brought together. Four related systematic problems concerning the practice of sustainable design in Kenya are identified: the maladaptation of Western design approaches; misunderstanding of local context; a normative bias towards technological solutions; and the prioritisation of economic considerations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Obnovljeni zivot is the property of University of Zagreb, Society of Jesus and Faculty of Philosophy & Religious Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this study, we chose to conduct a gender-based contextual analysis of research-performing organizations (RPOs) in the higher-education sector in Albania as a first step toward the implementation of gender budgeting (GB). Our rationale for conducting such a contextual analysis is the overarching need to achieve the European Commission's strategic objectives regarding gender equality in research and innovation. To carry out this analysis, we used reports from She Figures to calculate dominant gender indicators; these reports were produced in collaboration with the statistics published by the Institute of Statistics of Albania. Our methodology is based on a mixed-methods approach that aims to better our understanding of the situation in Albania. The quantitative findings provided by our contextual analysis within academia were synthesized with qualitative findings resulting from a comparative analysis of the content of gender equality plans (GEPs) currently being implemented by thirteen universities in Albania. The results of our contextual analysis study show that even though women account for more than half of the total population of researchers at the national level, playing a significant role in research and innovation, we recommend that the government develop its first national GEP to counteract the inequality that persists in the career trajectories of women and men. GB represents an effective strategy for reducing gender inequality in this context. The supporting results of the content analysis indicate that the phenomenon of vertical segregation has been identified in the great majority of RPOs that have carried out gender-based contextual analyses; moreover, we observed the interaction of GB with GEPs within three such organizations' approach to the gender-based allocation of finances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The proliferation of fake news and fake profiles on social media platforms poses significant threats to information integrity and societal trust. Traditional detection methods, including rule-based approaches, metadata analysis, and human fact-checking, have been employed to combat disinformation, but these methods often fall short in the face of increasingly sophisticated fake content. This review article explores the emerging role of Large Language Models (LLMs) in enhancing the detection of fake news and fake profiles. We provide a comprehensive overview of the nature and spread of disinformation, followed by an examination of existing detection methodologies. The article delves into the capabilities of LLMs in generating both fake news and fake profiles, highlighting their dual role as both a tool for disinformation and a powerful means of detection. We discuss the various applications of LLMs in text classification, fact-checking, verification, and contextual analysis, demonstrating how these models surpass traditional methods in accuracy and efficiency. Additionally, the article covers LLM-based detection of fake profiles through profile attribute analysis, network analysis, and behavior pattern recognition. Through comparative analysis, we showcase the advantages of LLMs over conventional techniques and present case studies that illustrate practical applications. Despite their potential, LLMs face challenges such as computational demands and ethical concerns, which we discuss in more detail. The review concludes with future directions for research and development in LLM-based fake news and fake profile detection, underscoring the importance of continued innovation to safeguard the authenticity of online information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crypto ransomware attacks pose a significant threat by encrypting users' data and demanding ransom payments, causing permanent data loss if not detected and mitigated before encryption occurs. The existing studies have faced challenges in the pre-encryption phase due to elusive attack patterns, insufficient data, and the lack of comprehensive information, often confusing the current detection techniques. Selecting appropriate features that effectively indicate an impending ransomware attack is a critical challenge. This research addresses this challenge by introducing an Enhanced Joint Mutual Information (EJMI) method that effectively assigns weights and ranks features based on their relevance while conducting contextual data analysis. The EJMI method employs a dual ranking system—TF for crypto APIs and TF-IDF for non-crypto APIs—to enhance the detection process and select the most significant features for training various Machine Learning (ML) classifiers. Furthermore, grid search is utilized for optimal classifier parameterization, aiming to detect ransomware efficiently and accurately in its pre-encryption phase. The proposed EJMI method has demonstrated a 4% improvement in detection accuracy compared to previous methods, highlighting its effectiveness in identifying and preventing crypto-ransomware attacks before data encryption occurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Belügyi Szemle / Academic Journal of Internal Affairs is the property of Ministry of Interior of Hungary and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The conceptual dyad “Life - Death” in the Russian linguistic picture of the world is analyzed. The relevance of the research is conditioned by the existential significance of the studied phenomenon in the axiological field of the Russian linguistic picture of the world. The aim of the study is to conduct corpus analysis of the conceptual dyad “Life” and “Death”. The research material includes 70 poetic units containing the nuclear lexemes “Life” and “Death” in the Russian National Corpus. The poetic units are semantically complete contexts of poems by Russian poets (M. Tsvetaeva, M. Voloshin, S. Esenin, Z. Gippius, etc.). Descriptive method, conceptual analysis, method of linguistic-cultural commentary, contextual analysis, corpus method were applied. It was concluded that the concepts “Life - Death” reconstruct the dominant features of the Russian linguistic picture of the world, which is characterized not only by qualitative heterogeneity, but also by a certain bipolarity in the subject's behavior (agenticity vs passivity, providentiality vs activity, etc.). Such semantic parameters of the concepts “Life” and “Death” were established as transience and uncontrollability of life; life as an element, where a person is not an active subject, but an object for external forces; transience of life and its unpredictability; belief in life after death; death as a transition to otherness. The explanatory context for adequate commenting of conceptual meanings is formed.

Abstract Background None of the early M-Health applications are designed for case management care services. This study aims to describe the process of developing a M-health component for the case management model in breast cancer transitional care and to highlight methods for solving the common obstacles faced during the application of M-health nursing service. Methods We followed a four-step process: (a) Forming a cross-functional interdisciplinary development team containing two sub-teams, one for content development and the other for software development. (b) Applying self-management theory as the theoretical framework to develop the M-health application, using contextual analysis to gain a comprehensive understanding of the case management needs of oncology nursing specialists and the supportive care needs of out-of-hospital breast cancer patients. We validated the preliminary concepts of the framework and functionality of the M-health application through multiple interdisciplinary team discussions. (c) Adopting a multi-stage optimization strategy consisting of three progressive stages: screening, refining, and confirmation to develop and continually improve the WeChat mini-programs. (d) Following the user-centered principle throughout the development process and involving oncology nursing specialists and breast cancer patients at every stage. Results Through a continuous, iterative development process and rigorous testing, we have developed patient-end and nurse-end program for breast cancer case management. The patient-end program contains four functional modules: “Information”, “Interaction”, “Management”, and “My”, while the nurse-end program includes three functional modules: “Consultation”, “Management”, and “My”. The patient-end program scored 78.75 on the System Usability Scale and showed a 100% task passing rate, indicating that the programs were easy to use. Conclusions Based on the contextual analysis, multi-stage optimization strategy, and interdisciplinary team work, a WeChat mini-program has been developed tailored to the requirements of the nurses and patients. This approach leverages the expertise of professionals from multiple disciplines to create effective and evidence-based solutions that can improve patient outcomes and quality of care.

This study examines the ceramic works of a Nigerian artist, Ozioma Onuzulike, which vividly illustrate dress as an agency of power. His oeuvre features among other things the agbada, an extra-large clothing style prevalent in contemporary Nigeria, especially in elitist socio-political and cultural contexts. Over 25 years of Onuzulike's ceramic art practice have consistently showcased modernist works that challenged conventional ceramic art and socio-political norms. His innovative use of clay and palm kernels to depict power dynamics in Nigeria has attracted some scholarly attention. This study employs compositional interpretation and contextual analysis to explore the visual, sociocultural, and political impact of Onuzulike's hybrid ceramic art that depicts agbada. An iconological approach reveals the formal elements, historical, political, and social nuances embedded in the works. The concept of dress of power is used to unravel the multifaceted political significance of Onuzulike's representations. Unpacking the visual vocabulary and metaphor of power in the works provides insights into the agbada as a status symbol in modern Nigeria. This artistic representation typifies a trend in contemporary African and diasporic art, where textile materials, forms, and ideas are central. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article aims to propose an alternative epistemological model (MEA) for teaching calculation in Mathematics degrees, using Isaac Newton's Principia. To achieve our objective, we start from the following research question: What are the mathematical objects or historical artifacts present in Principia that will provide support for the creation of this Alternative Epistemological Model? In order to answer the question and achieve our objective, a historical, epistemological and contextual analysis of the aforementioned work was carried out, making it possible from there, in a process of didactic transposition and using the Anthropological Theory of Didactics (TAD), the elaboration of a MEA for the teaching of calculation for degrees in Mathematics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Jesus' response to the Syrophoenician woman in Mark 7.27 is sometimes seen as sexist, racist, or abusive. The force of his response depends in part on the diminutive form κυναριον, which is often dismissed as a faded diminutive that lacks true force. But a statistical, semantic, and contextual analysis of the word indicates that it does, in fact, have diminutive force in Mark 7:27. Because of this, the pejorative force found in direct insults employing the word 'dog' is lacking in Jesus' response. In addition to failing to recognise the diminutive force of κυναριον, interpreters sometimes assume a social context in which Jews routinely referred to Gentiles as dogs. Finally, the analogy that Jesus makes is often read allegorically, assuming that 'children' and 'dogs' have direct counterparts in 'Jews' and 'Gentiles'. These assumptions are found to be dubious. The point of Jesus' analogy is about the proper order of events: children eat before the puppies; Jews receive the benefits of his ministry before Gentiles. The Syrophoenician woman outwits Jesus by arguing that the puppies may eat simultaneously with the children. The interpretive upshot is that Jesus' saying is unlikely to be misogynistic or abusive, but simply asserts Jewish priority, a priority that admits of exceptions and change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on topics related to educational leadership is evolving rapidly. A scoping review was conducted to investigate research on teacher leadership in Spain searching online databases (WoS, ÍnDICEs-CSIC, SCOPUS, Google Scholar) to identify papers published between 1990 and 2022, of which 39 were included. Through a thematic and contextual analysis, the review concludes that teacher leadership is an emerging topic in Spain; it has a much stronger empirical position and has expanded related to distributed leadership and leadership for social justice. Nevertheless, further research is needed to develop this area and make it more useful for academics, practitioners, and policymakers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reports on two experiments that examine the computation of contrastive focus in Russian on the part of adult English-dominant heritage speakers and second language learners of Russian, in comparison with baseline monolinguals. The first experiment uses an acceptability judgment task to determine whether bilingual and monolingual speakers use both contextual and prosodic cues to determine the location of contrastive focus. A follow-up experiment uses two prominence detection tasks in order to separately examine participants' sensitivity to contextual vs. prosodic cues. The findings indicate that, at higher proficiency, bilingual speakers of Russian successfully use both contextual and prosodic cues to contrastive focus; with proficiency controlled for, heritage speakers do not have an advantage over second language learners in this domain. These findings are discussed in light of cross-linguistic influence and interface vulnerability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Escena: Revista de las Artes is the property of ESCENA. Revista de las Artes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Negativity is a common feature of current online political communication during elections. Previous studies on negativity and its impact on user engagement focused mainly on Western European countries. Considering the political particularities of the Central and Eastern European countries, the present study focused on Czechia, Hungary, Lithuania, the Republic of Moldova, and Romania, where national election campaigns took place from 2020 to 2022. We aimed to investigate comparatively different topics prevalent in the negative messages and look at users' engagement with negative communication. We applied manual content analysis of N = 4,095 Facebook posts published four weeks before the elections by political parties elected in the national parliament. Results showed significant differences across countries using negative messages and the associated topics. The posts' highest rate of negative statements was identified in Czechia (52%), while the lowest was in Lithuania (17%). There are topics consistently associated with negative statements across most countries, such as corruption, economy and finance, foreign policy, labor, and social issues. However, given that those elections took place during the Covid-19 pandemic in Czechia, Lithuania, Romania, and the Republic of Moldova and, in Hungary, after Russia invaded Ukraine, we also identified contextual topics such as health, war, and conflicts with other countries and defense that were mainly associated with negative messages. Furthermore, negative posts generate more reactions and comments than posts containing no negative statements. Addressing foreign policy in negative posts generates significantly more reactions and comments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]