192 results on '"Copley, Jonathan"'
Search Results
2. Moving conferences online: lessons learned from an international virtual meeting.
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Stefanoudis, Paris, Biancani, Leann, Cambronero-Solano, Sergio, Clark, Malcolm, Copley, Jonathan, Easton, Erin, Elmer, Franziska, Haddock, Steven, Herrera, Santiago, Iglesias, Ilysa, Quattrini, Andrea, Sigwart, Julia, Yesson, Chris, and Glover, Adrian
- Subjects
early career ,inclusivity ,logistics ,online accessible ,questionnaire ,virtual meeting ,COVID-19 ,Humans - Abstract
We consider the opportunities and challenges associated with organizing a conference online, using a case study of a medium-sized (approx. 400 participants) international conference held virtually in August 2020. In addition, we present quantifiable evidence of the participants experience using the results from an online post-conference questionnaire. Although the virtual meeting was not able to replicate the in-person experience in some aspects (e.g. less engagement between participants) the overwhelming majority of respondents found the meeting an enjoyable experience and would join similar events again. Notably, there was a strong desire for future in-person meetings to have at least some online component. Online attendance by lower-income researchers was higher compared with a past, similar-themed in-person meeting held in a high-income nation, but comparable to one held in an upper-middle-income nation. This indicates that online conferences are not a panacea for diversity and inclusivity, and that holding in-person meetings in developing economies can be at least as effective. Given that it is now relatively easy to stream contents of meetings online using low-cost methods, there are clear benefits in making all presented content accessible online, as well as organizing online networking events for those unable to attend in person.
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- 2021
3. Life-history traits of alvinocaridid shrimps inhabiting chemosynthetic ecosystems around Japan
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Methou, Pierre, Nye, Verity, Copley, Jonathan T., Watanabe, Hiromi Kayama, Nagai, Yukiko, and Chen, Chong
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Moving conferences online : lessons learned from an international virtual meeting
- Author
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Stefanoudis, Paris V., Biancani, Leann M., Cambronero-Solano, Sergio, Clark, Malcolm R., Copley, Jonathan T., Easton, Erin, Elmer, Franziska, Haddock, Steven H. D., Herrera, Santiago, Iglesias, Ilysa S., Quattrini, Andrea M., Sigwart, Julia, Yesson, Chris, and Glover, Adrian G.
- Published
- 2021
5. sFDvent : A global trait database for deep-sea hydrothermalvent fauna
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Chapman, Abbie S. A., Beaulieu, Stace E., Colaço, Ana, Gebruk, Andrey V., Hilario, Ana, Kihara, Terue C., Ramirez-Llodra, Eva, Sarrazin, Jozée, Tunnicliffe, Verena, Amon, Diva J., Baker, Maria C., Boschen-Rose, Rachel E., Chen, Chong, Cooper, Isabelle J., Copley, Jonathan T., Corbari, Laure, Cordes, Erik E., Cuvelier, Daphne, Duperron, Sébastien, Du Preez, Cherisse, Gollner, Sabine, Horton, Tammy, Hourdez, Stéphane, Krylova, Elena M., Linse, Katrin, LokaBharathi, P. A., Marsh, Leigh, Matabos, Marjolaine, Mills, Susan Wier, Mullineaux, Lauren S., Rapp, Hans Tore, Reid, William D. K., Rybakova (Goroslavskaya), Elena, Thomas, Tresa Remya A., Southgate, Samuel James, Stöhr, Sabine, Turner, Phillip J., Watanabe, Hiromi Kayama, Yasuhara, Moriaki, and Bates, Amanda E.
- Published
- 2019
6. Distinct development trajectories and symbiosis modes in vent shrimps
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Methou, Pierre, Guéganton, Marion, Copley, Jonathan T, Watanabe, Hiromi Kayama, Pradillon, Florence, Cambon, Marie-anne, Chen, Chong, Methou, Pierre, Guéganton, Marion, Copley, Jonathan T, Watanabe, Hiromi Kayama, Pradillon, Florence, Cambon, Marie-anne, and Chen, Chong
- Abstract
Most animal species have a singular developmental pathway and adult ecology, but developmental plasticity is well-known in some such as honeybees where castes display profoundly different morphology and ecology. An intriguing case is the Atlantic deep-sea hydrothermal vent shrimp pair Rimicaris hybisae and R. chacei that share dominant COI haplotypes and could represent very recently diverging lineages or even morphs of the same species. Rimicaris hybisae is symbiont-reliant with a hypertrophied head chamber (in the Mid-Cayman Spreading Centre), while R. chacei is mixotrophic with a narrow head chamber (on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge). Here, we use X-ray micro-computed tomography and fluorescence in situ hybridization to show that key anatomical shifts in both occur during the juvenile-subadult transition, when R. hybisae has fully established symbiosis but not R. chacei. On the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, the diet of R. chacei has been hypothetically linked to competition with the obligatorily symbiotic congener R. exoculata, and we find anatomical evidence that R. exoculata is indeed better adapted for symbiosis. We speculate the possibility that the distinct development trajectories in R. hybisae and R. chacei may be determined by symbiont colonisation at a ‘critical period’ before subadulthood, though further genetic studies are warranted to test this hypothesis along with the true relationship between R. hybisae and R. chacei.
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- 2024
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7. Distinct development trajectories and symbiosis modes in vent shrimps
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Methou, Pierre, primary, Guéganton, Marion, additional, Copley, Jonathan T, additional, Kayama Watanabe, Hiromi, additional, Pradillon, Florence, additional, Cambon-Bonavita, Marie-Anne, additional, and Chen, Chong, additional
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- 2023
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8. Observations of fauna attending wood and bone deployments from two seamounts on the Southwest Indian Ridge
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Amon, Diva J., Copley, Jonathan T., Dahlgren, Thomas G., Horton, Tammy, Kemp, Kirsty M., Rogers, Alex D., and Glover, Adrian G.
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- 2017
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9. Juvenile niches select between two distinct development trajectories and symbiosis modes in vent shrimps
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Methou, Pierre, primary, Guéganton, Marion, additional, Copley, Jonathan T., additional, Watanabe, Hiromi Kayama, additional, Pradillon, Florence, additional, Cambon-Bonavita, Marie-Anne, additional, and Chen, Chong, additional
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- 2023
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10. Ecology of deep-sea hydrothermal vents
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Copley, Jonathan Timothy Peter
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577 ,Mid-ocean ridges - Abstract
Our ecological knowledge of deep-sea hydrothermal vent communities, particularly in the Atlantic, is limited in comparison to what is now known of the biochemistry, physiology and biogeography of vent species. Although vent communities have provided a new insight into how ecosystems can be supplied with energy, they have not yet made a significant contribution to our understanding of how communities can be shaped by a dynamic environment. Variations in the physical characteristics of the vent environment influence the distribution of fauna in space and time, but studies of faunal microdistribution have been largely restricted to Pacific vents whilst temporal studies have mainly concentrated on interannual scales. This work seeks to address the disparity in our ecological knowledge of Mid-Atlantic vent communities compared to their eastern Pacific counterparts, by describing the microdistribution and interannual variation of fauna at the Broken Spur vent field (29°N, Mid-Atlantic Ridge) and the results of a high-resolution timeseries of observations at the TAG hydrothermal mound (26°N, Mid-Atlantic Ridge) during drilling by the Ocean Drilling Program. The Broken Spur vent field was discovered in 1993 and subsequent observations presented here refute the hypothesis that the community is recovering from a recent period of hydrothermal quiescence or other catastrophic disturbance. The availability of substratum exposed to the flow of hydrothermal effluent is proposed to control the microdistribution of the shrimp Rimicaris exoculata at Mid-Atlantic vents. Timeseries observations at TAG indicate a tidal variation in the microdistribution of shrimp on a minidiffuser chimney, while changes in the pattern of hydrothermal activity on the TAG mound over a longer timescale are rapidly matched by changes in the distribution of shrimp. Although physiological processes such as respiration have now been described for many vent species, reproductive processes are less well known at hydrothermal vents. This thesis also examines the reproduction pattern structure of the Mid-Atlantic vent shrimp Rimicaris exoculata and spatial variation in reproductive development of terebellomorph polychaetes from the Juan de Fuca Ridge. The reproductive development of Rimicaris exoculata indicates asynchronous iteroparous reproduction, while the population structure may reflect discontinuous recruitment.
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- 1998
11. A tale of two tubeworms: taxonomy of vestimentiferans (Annelida: Siboglinidae) from the Mid-Cayman Spreading Centre
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Georgieva, Magdalena N., Rimskaya-korsakova, Nadezhda N., Krolenko, Varvara I., Van Dover, Cindy Lee, Amon, Diva J., Copley, Jonathan T., Plouviez, Sophie, Ball, Bernard, Wiklund, Helena, Glover, Adrian G., Georgieva, Magdalena N., Rimskaya-korsakova, Nadezhda N., Krolenko, Varvara I., Van Dover, Cindy Lee, Amon, Diva J., Copley, Jonathan T., Plouviez, Sophie, Ball, Bernard, Wiklund, Helena, and Glover, Adrian G.
- Abstract
The vestimentiferan tubeworm genera Lamellibrachia and Escarpia inhabit deep-sea chemosynthesis-based ecosystems, such as seeps, hydrothermal vents and organic falls, and have wide distributions across the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans. In 2010–2012 during initial explorations of hydrothermal vents of the Mid-Cayman Spreading Centre (MCSC), both genera were found to co-occur at the Von Damm Vent Field (VDVF), a site characterised by diffuse flow, therefore resembling a ‘hydrothermal seep’. Here, we erect two new vestimentiferan tubeworm species from the VDVF, Lamellibrachia judigobini sp. nov. and Escarpia tritentaculata sp. nov. Lamellibrachia judigobini sp. nov. differs genetically and morphologically from other Lamellibrachia species, and has a range that extends across the Gulf of Mexico, MCSC, off Trinidad and Tobago, and Barbados, and also across both vents and seeps and 964–3304-m water depth. Escarpia tritentaculata sp. nov. is distinguished from other Escarpia species primarily based on morphology and is known only from vents of the MCSC at 2300-m depth. This study highlights the incredible habitat flexibility of a single Lamellibrachia species and the genus Escarpia, and historic biogeographic connections to the eastern Pacific for L. judigobini sp. nov. and the eastern Atlantic for E. tritentaculata sp. nov. ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D9F72BD4-FDE1-4C0A-B84B-A08D06F2A981
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- 2023
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12. In hot and cold water: differential life-history traits are key to success in contrasting thermal deep-sea environments
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Marsh, Leigh, Copley, Jonathan T., Tyler, Paul A., and Thatje, Sven
- Published
- 2015
13. A tale of two tubeworms: taxonomy of vestimentiferans (Annelida: Siboglinidae) from the Mid-Cayman Spreading Centre
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Georgieva, Magdalena N., primary, Rimskaya-Korsakova, Nadezhda N., additional, Krolenko, Varvara I., additional, Van Dover, Cindy Lee, additional, Amon, Diva J., additional, Copley, Jonathan T., additional, Plouviez, Sophie, additional, Ball, Bernard, additional, Wiklund, Helena, additional, and Glover, Adrian G., additional
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- 2023
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14. The discovery of a natural whale fall in the Antarctic deep sea
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Amon, Diva J., Glover, Adrian G., Wiklund, Helena, Marsh, Leigh, Linse, Katrin, Rogers, Alex D., and Copley, Jonathan T.
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- 2013
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15. Distribution, population structure, reproduction and diet of Ophiolimna antarctica (Lyman, 1879) from Kemp Caldera in the Southern Ocean
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Boschen, Rachel E., Tyler, Paul A., and Copley, Jonathan T.
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- 2013
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16. Getting the bigger picture: Using precision Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) videography to acquire high-definition mosaic images of newly discovered hydrothermal vents in the Southern Ocean
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Marsh, Leigh, Copley, Jonathan T., Huvenne, Veerle A.I., Tyler, Paul A., and the Isis ROV Facility
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- 2013
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17. A new species of Eualus Thallwitz, 1892 and new record of Lebbeus antarcticus (Hale, 1941) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Hippolytidae) from the Scotia Sea
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Nye, Verity, Copley, Jonathan T., and Linse, Katrin
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- 2013
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18. Audio and Video Podcasts of Lectures for Campus-Based Students: Production and Evaluation of Student Use
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Copley, Jonathan
- Abstract
Podcasting has become a popular medium for accessing and assimilating information and podcasts are increasingly being used to deliver audio recordings of lectures to campus-based students. This paper describes a simple, cost-effective and file size-efficient method for producing video podcasts combining lecture slides and audio without a requirement for any specialist software. The results from a pilot scheme delivering supplementary lecture materials as audio and video podcasts are also presented, including data on download patterns and responses to a survey of students on podcast use. These results reveal students' enthusiasm for podcast recordings of lecture materials and their primary use by students in revision and preparation for assessments. Survey responses also suggest little likely impact on lecture attendance as a consequence of podcasting, but indicate that podcast recordings of lectures may not be effective in facilitating mobile learning. (Contains 3 tables and 5 figures.)
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- 2007
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19. Low connectivity between ‘scaly-foot gastropod’ (Mollusca: Peltospiridae) populations at hydrothermal vents on the Southwest Indian Ridge and the Central Indian Ridge
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Chen, Chong, Copley, Jonathan T., Linse, Katrin, and Rogers, Alex D.
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- 2015
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20. Correction to ‘Moving conferences online: lessons learned from an international virtual meeting’
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Stefanoudis, Paris V., primary, Biancani, Leann M., additional, Cambronero-Solano, Sergio, additional, Clark, Malcolm R., additional, Copley, Jonathan T., additional, Easton, Erin, additional, Elmer, Franziska, additional, Haddock, Steven H. D., additional, Herrera, Santiago, additional, Iglesias, Ilysa S., additional, Quattrini, Andrea M., additional, Sigwart, Julia, additional, Yesson, Chris, additional, and Glover, Adrian G., additional
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- 2022
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21. Seasonality and zonation in the reproductive biology and population structure of the shrimp Alvinocaris stactophila (Caridea: Alvinocarididae) at a Louisiana Slope cold seep
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Copley, Jonathan T. P. and Young, Craig M.
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- 2006
22. Reproductive ecology of a hippolytid shrimp, Lebbeus virentova (Caridea: Hippolytidae) at the Von Damm Vent Field, Mid-Cayman Spreading Centre
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Nye, Verity and Copley, Jonathan T.
- Subjects
Shrimps -- Physiological aspects ,Zoological research ,Biological sciences - Abstract
Elucidation of life-history traits is essential to understand larval dispersal and population dynamics in marine benthic assemblages. This study is the first investigation of the life history of a recently described hippolytid shrimp from a deep-sea chemosynthetic environment, Lebbeus virentova Nye, Copley, Plouviez and Van Dover, 2013 at the Von Damm Vent Field (18°22N, 81°47W, ~2,300 m depth, Mid-Cayman Spreading Centre, Caribbean), using samples collected in February and June 2013. Lebbeus virentova is gonochoric and iteroparous. The sex ratio of L. virentova was significantly female biased (1:3) in February and June. The sampled population of L. virentova had a unimodal size-frequency distribution pattern in February and June, consistent with continuous recruitment and mortality. Continuous reproduction is indicated by a lack of synchrony in oocyte size-frequency distributions within both months, and asynchronous development of embryos among females, which may result in asynchronous larval release. A large embryo size in this species (2.65 ± 0.28 mm diameter) compared with other caridean shrimps suggests possible abbreviated larval development, as described in other species of the genus from non-chemosynthetic environments. Fecundity (26-94 embryos [female.sup.-1]) was lower and embryo size larger in L. virentova compared with alvinocaridids at chemosynthetic environments. This suggests that there are phylogenetic constraints on reproductive features of decapods at hydrothermal vents., Introduction Modes and patterns of reproduction in marine invertebrates are highly diverse (reviewed by Ramirez-Llodra 2002; Young 2003), and the variety of habitats in the deep and shallow ocean are [...]
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- 2014
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23. Spatial variation in the reproductive biology of Paralvinella palmiformis (Polychaeta: Alvinellidae) from a vent field on the Juan de Fuca Ridge
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Copley, Jonathan T. P., Tyler, Paul A., VanDover, Cindy L., and Philp, Steven J.
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- 2003
24. The ‘scaly-foot gastropod’: a new genus and species of hydrothermal vent-endemic gastropod (Neomphalina: Peltospiridae) from the Indian Ocean
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Chen, Chong, Linse, Katrin, Copley, Jonathan T., and Rogers, Alex D.
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- 2015
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25. Neomphalida McLean 1990
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Chen, Chong, Han, Yuru, Copley, Jonathan T., and Zhou, Yadong
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Neomphalida ,Mollusca ,Gastropoda ,Animalia ,Biodiversity ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Order NEOMPHALIDA McLean, 1990 Superfamily NEOMPHALOIDEA McLean, 1981 Family PELTOSPIRIDAE McLean, 1989 Lirapex Warén and Bouchet, 1989 Type species Lirapex humatus Warén and Bouchet, 1989 (by original designation). Diagnosis Small- to medium-sized (, Published as part of Chen, Chong, Han, Yuru, Copley, Jonathan T. & Zhou, Yadong, 2021, A new peltospirid snail (Gastropoda: Neomphalida) adds to the unique biodiversity of Longqi vent field, Southwest Indian Ridge, pp. 851-866 in Journal of Natural History 55 (13 - 14) on pages 855-856, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2021.1923851, http://zenodo.org/record/5464198, {"references":["McLean JH. 1989. New archaeogastropod limpets from hydrothermal vents: new family Peltospiridae, new superfamily Peltospiracea. Zool Scr. 18 (1): 49 - 66. doi: 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1989. tb 00123. x.","Waren A, Bouchet P. 1989. New gastropods from East Pacific hydrothermal vents. Zool Scr. 18 (1): 67 - 102. doi: 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1989. tb 00124. x.","Waren A, Bouchet P. 2001. Gastropoda and Monoplacophora from hydrothermal vents and seeps; new taxa and records. Veliger. 44: 116 - 231. doi: 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1993. tb 00342. x.","Chen C, Zhou Y, Wang C, Copley JT. 2017 a. Two new hot-vent peltospirid snails (Gastropoda: Neomphalina) from Longqi hydrothermal field, Southwest Indian Ridge. Front Mar Sci. 4. doi: 10.3389 / fmars. 2017.00392."]}
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- 2021
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26. eDSBS Code of Conduct; Pre-meeting questionnaire; Post-meeting questionnaire; Post-meeting questionnaire results; Organisers’ feedback from Moving conferences online: lessons learned from an international virtual meeting
- Author
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Stefanoudis, Paris, Biancani, Leann M., Cambronero-Solano, Sergio, Clark, Malcolm R., Copley, Jonathan T., Easton, Erin, Elmer, Franziska, Haddock, Steven H. D., Herrera, Santiago, Iglesias, Ilysa S., Quattrini, Andrea M., Sigwart, Julia, Yesson, Chris, and Glover, Adrian G.
- Abstract
We consider the opportunities and challenges associated with organizing a conference online, using a case study of a medium-sized (approx. 400 participants) international conference held virtually in August 2020. In addition, we present quantifiable evidence of the participants' experience using the results from an online post-conference questionnaire. Although the virtual meeting was not able to replicate the in-person experience in some aspects (e.g. less engagement between participants) the overwhelming majority of respondents found the meeting an enjoyable experience and would join similar events again. Notably, there was a strong desire for future in-person meetings to have at least some online component. Online attendance by lower-income researchers was higher compared with a past, similar-themed in-person meeting held in a high-income nation, but comparable to one held in an upper-middle-income nation. This indicates that online conferences are not a panacea to increasing diversity and inclusivity, and that holding in-person meetings in developing economies can be at least as effective. Given that it is now relatively easy to stream contents of meetings online using low-cost methods, there are clear benefits in making all presented content accessible online, as well as organizing online networking events for those unable to attend in person.
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- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. A blueprint for an inclusive, global deep-sea ocean decade field program
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Howell, Kerry L., Hilario, Ana, Allcock, A. Louise, Bailey, David, Baker, Maria C., Clark, Malcolm R., Colaço, Ana, Copley, Jonathan T., Cordes, Erik E., Danovaro, Roberto, Dissanayake, Awantha, Escobar Briones, Elva, Esquete, Patricia, Gallagher, Austin J., Gates, Andrew R., Gaudron, Sylvie M., German, Christopher R., Gjerde, Kristina M., Higgs, Nicholas D., Le Bris, Nadine, Levin, Lisa A, Manea, Elisabetta, McClain, Craig, Menot, Lenaick, Mestre, Mireia, Metaxas, Anna, Milligan, Rosanna J., Muthumbi, Agnes W. N., Narayanaswamy, Bhavani E., Ramalho, Sofia P., Ramirez-Llodra, Eva, Robson, Laura M., Rogers, Alex D., Sellanes, Javier, Sigwart, Julia D., Sink, Kerry, Snelgrove, Paul V. R., Stefanoudis, Paris V., Sumida, Paulo Y., Taylor, Michelle L., Thurber, Andrew R., Vieira, Rui P., Watanabe, Hiromi K., Woodall, Lucy C., Xavier, Joana R., Howell, Kerry L., Hilario, Ana, Allcock, A. Louise, Bailey, David, Baker, Maria C., Clark, Malcolm R., Colaço, Ana, Copley, Jonathan T., Cordes, Erik E., Danovaro, Roberto, Dissanayake, Awantha, Escobar Briones, Elva, Esquete, Patricia, Gallagher, Austin J., Gates, Andrew R., Gaudron, Sylvie M., German, Christopher R., Gjerde, Kristina M., Higgs, Nicholas D., Le Bris, Nadine, Levin, Lisa A, Manea, Elisabetta, McClain, Craig, Menot, Lenaick, Mestre, Mireia, Metaxas, Anna, Milligan, Rosanna J., Muthumbi, Agnes W. N., Narayanaswamy, Bhavani E., Ramalho, Sofia P., Ramirez-Llodra, Eva, Robson, Laura M., Rogers, Alex D., Sellanes, Javier, Sigwart, Julia D., Sink, Kerry, Snelgrove, Paul V. R., Stefanoudis, Paris V., Sumida, Paulo Y., Taylor, Michelle L., Thurber, Andrew R., Vieira, Rui P., Watanabe, Hiromi K., Woodall, Lucy C., and Xavier, Joana R.
- Abstract
© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Howell, K. L., Hilario, A., Allcock, A. L., Bailey, D. M., Baker, M., Clark, M. R., Colaco, A., Copley, J., Cordes, E. E., Danovaro, R., Dissanayake, A., Escobar, E., Esquete, P., Gallagher, A. J., Gates, A. R., Gaudron, S. M., German, C. R., Gjerde, K. M., Higgs, N. D., Le Bris, N., Levin, L. A., Manea, E., McClain, C., Menot, L., Mestre, N. C., Metaxas, A., Milligan, R. J., Muthumbi, A. W. N., Narayanaswamy, B. E., Ramalho, S. P., Ramirez-Llodra, E., Robson, L. M., Rogers, A. D., Sellanes, J., Sigwart, J. D., Sink, K., Snelgrove, P. V. R., Stefanoudis, P., V., Sumida, P. Y., Taylor, M. L., Thurber, A. R., Vieira, R. P., Watanabe, H. K., Woodall, L. C., & Xavier, J. R. A blueprint for an inclusive, global deep-sea ocean decade field program. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7, (2020): 584861, doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.584861., The ocean plays a crucial role in the functioning of the Earth System and in the provision of vital goods and services. The United Nations (UN) declared 2021–2030 as the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. The Roadmap for the Ocean Decade aims to achieve six critical societal outcomes (SOs) by 2030, through the pursuit of four objectives (Os). It specifically recognizes the scarcity of biological data for deep-sea biomes, and challenges the global scientific community to conduct research to advance understanding of deep-sea ecosystems to inform sustainable management. In this paper, we map four key scientific questions identified by the academic community to the Ocean Decade SOs: (i) What is the diversity of life in the deep ocean? (ii) How are populations and habitats connected? (iii) What is the role of living organisms in ecosystem function and service provision? and (iv) How do species, communities, and ecosystems respond to disturbance? We then consider the design of a global-scale program to address these questions by reviewing key drivers of ecological pattern and process. We recommend using the following criteria to stratify a global survey design: biogeographic region, depth, horizontal distance, substrate type, high and low climate hazard, fished/unfished, near/far from sources of pollution, licensed/protected from industry activities. We consider both spatial and temporal surveys, and emphasize new biological data collection that prioritizes southern and polar latitudes, deeper (> 2000 m) depths, and midwater environments. We provide guidance on observational, experimental, and monitoring needs for different benthic and pelagic ecosystems. We then review recent efforts to standardize biological data and specimen collection and archiving, making “sampling design to knowledge application” recommendations in the context of a new global program. We also review and comment on needs, and recommend actions, to develop capacity in deep-sea res, Development of this paper was supported by funding from the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR) awarded to KH and AH as working group 159 co-chairs. KH, BN, and KS are supported by the UKRI funded One Ocean Hub NE/S008950/1. AH work is supported by the CESAM (UIDP/50017/2020 + 1432 UIDB/50017/2020) that is funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT)/MCTES through national funds. AA is supported by Science Foundation Ireland and the Marine Institute under the Investigators Program Grant Number SFI/15/IA/3100 co-funded under the European Regional Development Fund 2014–2020. AC is supported through the FunAzores -ACORES 01-0145-FEDER-000123 grant and by FCT through strategic project UID/05634/2020 and FCT and Direção-Geral de Politica do Mar (DGPM) through the project Mining2/2017/005. PE is funded by national funds (OE), through FCT in the scope of the framework contract foreseen in the numbers 4, 5 and 6 of the article 23, of the Decree-Law 57/2016, of August 29, changed by Law 57/2017, of July 19. SG research is supported by CNRS funds. CG is supported by an Independent Study Award and the Investment in Science Fund at WHOI. KG gratefully acknowledges support from Synchronicity Earth. LL is funded by the NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research (NA19OAR0110305) and the US National Science Foundation (OCE 1634172). NM is supported by FCT and DGPM, through the project Mining2/2017/001 and the FCT grants CEECIND/00526/2017, UIDB/00350/2020 + UIDP/00350/2020. SR is funded by the FCTgrant CEECIND/00758/2017. JS is supported by ANID FONDECYT #1181153 and ANID Millennium Science Initiative Program #NC120030. JX research is funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program through the SponGES project (grant agreement no. 679849) and further supported by national funds through FCT within the scope of UIDB/04423/2020 and UIDP/04423/2020. The Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada supports AM and PVRS. MB and th
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- 2021
28. A new peltospirid snail (Gastropoda: Neomphalida) adds to the unique biodiversity of Longqi vent field, Southwest Indian Ridge
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Chen, Chong, primary, Han, Yuru, additional, Copley, Jonathan T., additional, and Zhou, Yadong, additional
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- 2021
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29. Evidence of Vent-Adaptation in Sponges Living at the Periphery of Hydrothermal Vent Environments: Ecological and Evolutionary Implications
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Georgieva, Magdalena N., primary, Taboada, Sergi, additional, Riesgo, Ana, additional, Díez-Vives, Cristina, additional, De Leo, Fabio C., additional, Jeffreys, Rachel M., additional, Copley, Jonathan T., additional, Little, Crispin T. S., additional, Ríos, Pilar, additional, Cristobo, Javier, additional, Hestetun, Jon T., additional, and Glover, Adrian G., additional
- Published
- 2020
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30. sFDvent: A global trait database for deep‐sea hydrothermal‐vent fauna
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Chapman, Abbie S. A., Beaulieu, Stace E., Colaço, Ana, Gebruk, Andrey V., Hilario, Ana, Kihara, Terue C., Ramirez‐llodra, Eva, Sarrazin, Jozee, Tunnicliffe, Verena, Amon, Diva J., Baker, Maria C., Boschen‐rose, Rachel E., Chen, Chong, Cooper, Isabelle J., Copley, Jonathan T., Corbari, Laure, Cordes, Erik E., Cuvelier, Daphne, Duperron, Sebastien, Du Preez, Cherisse, Gollner, Sabine, Horton, Tammy, Hourdez, Stéphane, Krylova, Elena M., Linse, Katrin, Lokabharathi, P. A., Marsh, Leigh, Matabos, Marjolaine, Mills, Susan Wier, Mullineaux, Lauren S., Rapp, Hans Tore, Reid, William D. K., Rybakova (goroslavskaya), Elena, A. Thomas, Tresa Remya, Southgate, Samuel James, Stöhr, Sabine, Turner, Phillip J., Watanabe, Hiromi Kayama, Yasuhara, Moriaki, Bates, Amanda E., Padolfi, John, and University of Victoria [Canada] (UVIC)
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0106 biological sciences ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Biodiversity ,Generalist and specialist species ,computer.software_genre ,hydrothermal vent ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Deep sea ,14. Life underwater ,sFDvent ,functional trait ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,cross-ecosystem ,database ,biodiversity ,Global and Planetary Change ,Ecology ,Database ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,Community structure ,conservation ,15. Life on land ,collaboration ,Geography ,Habitat ,deep sea ,Trait ,global-scale ,computer ,Hydrothermal vent ,Global biodiversity - Abstract
MotivationTraits are increasingly being used to quantify global biodiversity patterns, with trait databases growing in size and number, across diverse taxa. Despite growing interest in a trait‐based approach to the biodiversity of the deep sea, where the impacts of human activities (including seabed mining) accelerate, there is no single repository for species traits for deep‐sea chemosynthesis‐based ecosystems, including hydrothermal vents. Using an international, collaborative approach, we have compiled the first global‐scale trait database for deep‐sea hydrothermal‐vent fauna – sFDvent (sDiv‐funded trait database for the Functional Diversity of vents). We formed a funded working group to select traits appropriate to: (a) capture the performance of vent species and their influence on ecosystem processes, and (b) compare trait‐based diversity in different ecosystems. Forty contributors, representing expertise across most known hydrothermal‐vent systems and taxa, scored species traits using online collaborative tools and shared workspaces. Here, we characterise the sFDvent database, describe our approach, and evaluate its scope. Finally, we compare the sFDvent database to similar databases from shallow‐marine and terrestrial ecosystems to highlight how the sFDvent database can inform cross‐ecosystem comparisons. We also make the sFDvent database publicly available online by assigning a persistent, unique DOI.Main types of variable containedSix hundred and forty‐six vent species names, associated location information (33 regions), and scores for 13 traits (in categories: community structure, generalist/specialist, geographic distribution, habitat use, life history, mobility, species associations, symbiont, and trophic structure). Contributor IDs, certainty scores, and references are also provided.Spatial location and grainGlobal coverage (grain size: ocean basin), spanning eight ocean basins, including vents on 12 mid‐ocean ridges and 6 back‐arc spreading centres.Time period and grainsFDvent includes information on deep‐sea vent species, and associated taxonomic updates, since they were first discovered in 1977. Time is not recorded. The database will be updated every 5 years.Major taxa and level of measurementDeep‐sea hydrothermal‐vent fauna with species‐level identification present or in progress.Software format.csv and MS Excel (.xlsx).
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31. sFDvent: a global functional trait database for deep-sea hydrothermal vent fauna
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Chapman, Abbie S.A., Beaulieu, Stace E., Colaço, Ana, Gebruk, Andrey V., Hilario, Ana, Kihara, Terue C., Ramirez-Llodra, Eva, Sarrazin, Jozee, Tunnicliffe, Verena, Amon, Diva J., Baker, Maria, Boschen-Rose, Rachel E., Chen, Chong, Cooper, Isabelle J., Copley, Jonathan T., Corbari, Laure, Cordes, Erik E., Cuvelier, Daphne, Duperron, Sébastien, Du Preez, Cherisse, Gollner, Sabine, Horton, Tammy, Hourdez, Stephane, Krylova, Elena M., Linse, Katrin, LokaBharathi, P.A., Marsh, Leigh, Matabos, Marjolaine, Wier Mills, Susan, Mullineaux, Lauren S., Rapp, Hans Tore, Reid, William David Kenneth, Rybakova (Goroslavskaya), Elena, Remya A. Thomas, Tresa, Southgate, Samuel James, Stöhr, Sabine, Turner, Philip J., Watanabe, Hiromi Kayama, Yasuhara, Moriaki, and Bates, Amanda E.
- Abstract
Traits are increasingly being used to quantify global biodiversity patterns, with trait databases growing in size and number, across diverse taxa. Despite growing interest in a trait‐based approach to the biodiversity of the deep sea, where the impacts of human activities (including seabed mining) accelerate, there is no single repository for species traits for deep‐sea chemosynthesis‐based ecosystems, including hydrothermal vents. Using an international, collaborative approach, we have compiled the first global‐scale trait database for deep‐sea hydrothermal‐vent fauna – sFDvent (sDiv‐funded trait database for the Functional Diversity of vents). We formed a funded working group to select traits appropriate to: (a) capture the performance of vent species and their influence on ecosystem processes, and (b) compare trait‐based diversity in different ecosystems. Forty contributors, representing expertise across most known hydrothermal‐vent systems and taxa, scored species traits using online collaborative tools and shared workspaces. Here, we characterise the sFDvent database, describe our approach, and evaluate its scope. Finally, we compare the sFDvent database to similar databases from shallow‐marine and terrestrial ecosystems to highlight how the sFDvent database can inform cross‐ecosystem comparisons. We also make the sFDvent database publicly available online by assigning a persistent, unique DOI.
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- 2019
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32. On the systematics and ecology of two new species of Provanna (Gastropoda: Provannidae) from deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the Caribbean Sea and Southern Ocean
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Linse, Katrin, Nye, Verity, Copley, Jonathan T., and Chen, Chong
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The recent discovery and exploration of deep-sea hydrothermal vent fields in the Mid-Cayman Spreading Centre, Caribbean Sea (Beebe Vent Field, 4956–4972 m depth) and the East Scotia Ridge, Southern Ocean (E2 and E9 vent fields, 2394–2641 m depth) have yielded extensive collections of two new provannid species, Provanna beebei n. sp. and P. cooki n. sp. Morphological and molecular taxonomy (530 bp of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene) confirm P. beebei n. sp. and P. cooki n. sp. as distinct species; these species are formally described, and details are provided of their distribution, habitat and species associations. Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses support the placement of P. beebei n. sp. and P. cooki n. sp within the genus Provanna and show that these two new deep-sea species form a well-supported clade with the abyssal West Pacific P. cingulata. Provanna beebei n. sp. and P. cooki n. sp. represent the first records of Provanna from hydrothermal vents in the Caribbean Sea and Southern Ocean, respectively, and extend the known geographic range of the genus. For the first time, intraspecific phenotypic variation in size and sculpture has been reported for Provanna. At the East Scotia Ridge, shell-size frequency distributions and median shell size of P. cooki n. sp. varied significantly between the E2 and E9 vent fields, as well as between diffuse flow and high-temperature venting habitats within each field. The variation in shell sculpture in relation to habitat was also observed in P. cooki n. sp.
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- 2019
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33. A blueprint for an inclusive, global deep-sea ocean decade field program
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Howell, Kerry L., Hilario, Ana, Allcock, A. Louise, Bailey, David, Baker, Maria C., Clark, Malcolm R., Colaço, Ana, Copley, Jonathan T., Cordes, Erik E., Danovaro, Roberto, Dissanayake, Awantha, Escobar Briones, Elva, Esquete, Patricia, Gallagher, Austin J., Gates, Andrew R., Gaudron, Sylvie M., German, Christopher R., Gjerde, Kristina M., Higgs, Nicholas D., Le Bris, Nadine, Levin, Lisa A, Manea, Elisabetta, McClain, Craig, Menot, Lenaick, Mestre, Mireia, Metaxas, Anna, Milligan, Rosanna J., Muthumbi, Agnes W. N., Narayanaswamy, Bhavani E., Ramalho, Sofia P., Ramirez-Llodra, Eva, Robson, Laura M., Rogers, Alex D., Sellanes, Javier, Sigwart, Julia D., Sink, Kerry, Snelgrove, Paul V. R., Stefanoudis, Paris V., Sumida, Paulo Y., Taylor, Michelle L., Thurber, Andrew R., Vieira, Rui P., Watanabe, Hiromi K., Woodall, Lucy C., Xavier, Joana R., Howell, Kerry L., Hilario, Ana, Allcock, A. Louise, Bailey, David, Baker, Maria C., Clark, Malcolm R., Colaço, Ana, Copley, Jonathan T., Cordes, Erik E., Danovaro, Roberto, Dissanayake, Awantha, Escobar Briones, Elva, Esquete, Patricia, Gallagher, Austin J., Gates, Andrew R., Gaudron, Sylvie M., German, Christopher R., Gjerde, Kristina M., Higgs, Nicholas D., Le Bris, Nadine, Levin, Lisa A, Manea, Elisabetta, McClain, Craig, Menot, Lenaick, Mestre, Mireia, Metaxas, Anna, Milligan, Rosanna J., Muthumbi, Agnes W. N., Narayanaswamy, Bhavani E., Ramalho, Sofia P., Ramirez-Llodra, Eva, Robson, Laura M., Rogers, Alex D., Sellanes, Javier, Sigwart, Julia D., Sink, Kerry, Snelgrove, Paul V. R., Stefanoudis, Paris V., Sumida, Paulo Y., Taylor, Michelle L., Thurber, Andrew R., Vieira, Rui P., Watanabe, Hiromi K., Woodall, Lucy C., and Xavier, Joana R.
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The ocean plays a crucial role in the functioning of the Earth System and in the provision of vital goods and services. The United Nations (UN) declared 2021–2030 as the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. The Roadmap for the Ocean Decade aims to achieve six critical societal outcomes (SOs) by 2030, through the pursuit of four objectives (Os). It specifically recognizes the scarcity of biological data for deep-sea biomes, and challenges the global scientific community to conduct research to advance understanding of deep-sea ecosystems to inform sustainable management. In this paper, we map four key scientific questions identified by the academic community to the Ocean Decade SOs: (i) What is the diversity of life in the deep ocean? (ii) How are populations and habitats connected? (iii) What is the role of living organisms in ecosystem function and service provision? and (iv) How do species, communities, and ecosystems respond to disturbance? We then consider the design of a global-scale program to address these questions by reviewing key drivers of ecological pattern and process. We recommend using the following criteria to stratify a global survey design: biogeographic region, depth, horizontal distance, substrate type, high and low climate hazard, fished/unfished, near/far from sources of pollution, licensed/protected from industry activities. We consider both spatial and temporal surveys, and emphasize new biological data collection that prioritizes southern and polar latitudes, deeper (> 2000 m) depths, and midwater environments. We provide guidance on observational, experimental, and monitoring needs for different benthic and pelagic ecosystems. We then review recent efforts to standardize biological data and specimen collection and archiving, making “sampling design to knowledge application” recommendations in the context of a new global program. We also review and comment on needs, and recommend actions, to develop capacity in deep-sea res
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34. sFDvent: a global trait database for deep-sea hydrothermal-vent fauna
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Chapman, Abbie S. A., Beaulieu, Stace E., Colaço, Ana, Gebruk, Andrey V., Hilario, Ana, Kihara, Terue C., Ramirez-Llodra, Eva, Sarrazin, Jozée, Tunnicliffe, Verena, Amon, Diva, Baker, Maria C., Boschen‐Rose, Rachel E., Chen, Chong, Cooper, Isabelle J., Copley, Jonathan T., Corbari, Laure, Cordes, Erik E., Cuvelier, Daphne, Duperron, Sébastien, Du Preez, Cherisse, Gollner, Sabine, Horton, Tammy, Hourdez, Stephane, Krylova, Elena M., Linse, Katrin, LokaBharathi, P. A., Marsh, Leigh, Matabos, Marjolaine, Mills, Susan W., Mullineaux, Lauren S., Rapp, Hans Tore, Reid, William D. K., Rybakova, Elena Goroslavskaya, Thomas, Tresa Remya A., Southgate, Samuel James, Stöhr, Sabine, Turner, Phillip J., Watanabe, Hiromi K., Yasuhara, Moriaki, Bates, Amanda E., Chapman, Abbie S. A., Beaulieu, Stace E., Colaço, Ana, Gebruk, Andrey V., Hilario, Ana, Kihara, Terue C., Ramirez-Llodra, Eva, Sarrazin, Jozée, Tunnicliffe, Verena, Amon, Diva, Baker, Maria C., Boschen‐Rose, Rachel E., Chen, Chong, Cooper, Isabelle J., Copley, Jonathan T., Corbari, Laure, Cordes, Erik E., Cuvelier, Daphne, Duperron, Sébastien, Du Preez, Cherisse, Gollner, Sabine, Horton, Tammy, Hourdez, Stephane, Krylova, Elena M., Linse, Katrin, LokaBharathi, P. A., Marsh, Leigh, Matabos, Marjolaine, Mills, Susan W., Mullineaux, Lauren S., Rapp, Hans Tore, Reid, William D. K., Rybakova, Elena Goroslavskaya, Thomas, Tresa Remya A., Southgate, Samuel James, Stöhr, Sabine, Turner, Phillip J., Watanabe, Hiromi K., Yasuhara, Moriaki, and Bates, Amanda E.
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© The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Chapman, A. S. A., Beaulieu, S. E., Colaco, A., Gebruk, A. V., Hilario, A., Kihara, T. C., Ramirez-Llodra, E., Sarrazin, J., Tunnicliffe, V., Amon, D. J., Baker, M. C., Boschen-Rose, R. E., Chen, C., Cooper, I. J., Copley, J. T., Corbari, L., Cordes, E. E., Cuvelier, D., Duperron, S., Du Preez, C., Gollner, S., Horton, T., Hourdez, S., Krylova, E. M., Linse, K., LokaBharathi, P. A., Marsh, L., Matabos, M., Mills, S. W., Mullineaux, L. S., Rapp, H. T., Reid, W. D. K., Rybakova (Goroslavskaya), E., Thomas, T. R. A., Southgate, S. J., Stohr, S., Turner, P. J., Watanabe, H. K., Yasuhara, M., & Bates, A. E. sFDvent: a global trait database for deep-sea hydrothermal-vent fauna. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 28(11), (2019): 1538-1551, doi: 10.1111/geb.12975., Motivation Traits are increasingly being used to quantify global biodiversity patterns, with trait databases growing in size and number, across diverse taxa. Despite growing interest in a trait‐based approach to the biodiversity of the deep sea, where the impacts of human activities (including seabed mining) accelerate, there is no single repository for species traits for deep‐sea chemosynthesis‐based ecosystems, including hydrothermal vents. Using an international, collaborative approach, we have compiled the first global‐scale trait database for deep‐sea hydrothermal‐vent fauna – sFDvent (sDiv‐funded trait database for the Functional Diversity of vents). We formed a funded working group to select traits appropriate to: (a) capture the performance of vent species and their influence on ecosystem processes, and (b) compare trait‐based diversity in different ecosystems. Forty contributors, representing expertise across most known hydrothermal‐vent systems and taxa, scored species traits using online collaborative tools and shared workspaces. Here, we characterise the sFDvent database, describe our approach, and evaluate its scope. Finally, we compare the sFDvent database to similar databases from shallow‐marine and terrestrial ecosystems to highlight how the sFDvent database can inform cross‐ecosystem comparisons. We also make the sFDvent database publicly available online by assigning a persistent, unique DOI. Main types of variable contained Six hundred and forty‐six vent species names, associated location information (33 regions), and scores for 13 traits (in categories: community structure, generalist/specialist, geographic distribution, habitat use, life history, mobility, species associations, symbiont, and trophic structure). Contributor IDs, certainty scores, and references are also provided. Spatial location and grain Global coverage (grain size: ocean basin), spanning eight ocean basins, including vents on 12 mid‐ocean ridges and 6 back‐arc spreading centre, We would like to thank the following experts, who are not authors on this publication but made contributions to the sFDvent database: Anna Metaxas, Alexander Mironov, Jianwen Qiu (seep species contributions, to be added to a future version of the database) and Anders Warén. We would also like to thank Robert Cooke for his advice, time, and assistance in processing the raw data contributions to the sFDvent database using R. Thanks also to members of iDiv and its synthesis centre – sDiv – for much‐valued advice, support, and assistance during working‐group meetings: Doreen Brückner, Jes Hines, Borja Jiménez‐Alfaro, Ingolf Kühn and Marten Winter. We would also like to thank the following supporters of the database who contributed indirectly via early design meetings or members of their research groups: Malcolm Clark, Charles Fisher, Adrian Glover, Ashley Rowden and Cindy Lee Van Dover. Finally, thanks to the families of sFDvent working group members for their support while they were participating in meetings at iDiv in Germany. Financial support for sFDvent working group meetings was gratefully received from sDiv, the Synthesis Centre of iDiv (DFG FZT 118). ASAC was a PhD candidate funded by the SPITFIRE Doctoral Training Partnership (supported by the Natural Environmental Research Council, grant number: NE/L002531/1) and the University of Southampton at the time of submission. ASAC also thanks Dominic, Lesley, Lettice and Simon Chapman for their support throughout this project. AEB and VT are sponsored through the Canada Research Chair Programme. SEB received support from National Science Foundation Division of Environmental Biology Award #1558904 and The Joint Initiative Awards Fund from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. AC is supported by Program Investigador (IF/00029/2014/CP1230/CT0002) from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT). This study also had the support of Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, through the strategic project UID/MAR/04292/2013 grante
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- 2020
35. Table S2 from Fauna of the Kemp Caldera and its upper bathyal hydrothermal vents (South Sandwich Arc, Antarctica)
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Linse, Katrin, Copley, Jonathan, Connelly, Douglas P., Larter, Robert D., Pearce, David A., Polunin, Nick V. C., Rogers, Alex D., Chen, Chong, Clarke, Andrew, Glover, Adrian G., Graham, Alastair G. C., Huvenne, Veerle A. I., Marsh, Leigh, Reid, William D. K., C. Nicolai Roterman, Sweeting, Christopher J., Zwirglmaier, Katrin, and Tyler, Paul A.
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Presence/absence data for vent taxa compiled from published literature for Kemp Caldera and 15 well-studied vent fields in neighbouring oceanic regions.
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- 2019
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36. Fauna of the Kemp Caldera and its upper bathyal hydrothermal vents (South Sandwich Arc, Antarctica)
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Linse, Katrin, primary, Copley, Jonathan T., additional, Connelly, Douglas P., additional, Larter, Robert D., additional, Pearce, David A., additional, Polunin, Nick V. C., additional, Rogers, Alex D., additional, Chen, Chong, additional, Clarke, Andrew, additional, Glover, Adrian G., additional, Graham, Alastair G. C., additional, Huvenne, Veerle A. I., additional, Marsh, Leigh, additional, Reid, William D. K., additional, Roterman, C. Nicolai, additional, Sweeting, Christopher J., additional, Zwirglmaier, Katrin, additional, and Tyler, Paul A., additional
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- 2019
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37. On the systematics and ecology of two new species ofProvanna(Gastropoda: Provannidae) from deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the Caribbean Sea and Southern Ocean
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Linse, Katrin, primary, Nye, Verity, additional, Copley, Jonathan T, additional, and Chen, Chong, additional
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- 2019
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38. Exploring Our Oceans: Using the Global Classroom to Develop Ocean Literacy
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Fielding, Sarah, primary, Copley, Jonathan T., additional, and Mills, Rachel A., additional
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- 2019
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39. Fauna of the Kemp Caldera and its upper bathyal hydrothermal vents (South Sandwich Arc, Antarctica)
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Linse, Katrin, Copley, Jonathan T., Connelly, Douglas P., Larter, Robert, Pearce, David A., Polunin, Nick V.C., Rogers, Alex D., Chen, Chong, Clarke, Andrew, Glover, Adrian G., Graham, Alastair G.C., Huvenne, Veerle A.I., Marsh, Leigh, Reid, William D.K., Roterman, C. Nikolai, Sweeting, Christopher J., Zwirglmaier, Katrin, Tyler, Paul A., Linse, Katrin, Copley, Jonathan T., Connelly, Douglas P., Larter, Robert, Pearce, David A., Polunin, Nick V.C., Rogers, Alex D., Chen, Chong, Clarke, Andrew, Glover, Adrian G., Graham, Alastair G.C., Huvenne, Veerle A.I., Marsh, Leigh, Reid, William D.K., Roterman, C. Nikolai, Sweeting, Christopher J., Zwirglmaier, Katrin, and Tyler, Paul A.
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Faunal assemblages at hydrothermal vents associated with island-arc volcanism are less well known than those at vents on mid-ocean ridges and back-arc spreading centres. This study characterizes chemosynthetic biotopes at active hydrothermal vents discovered at the Kemp Caldera in the South Sandwich Arc. The caldera hosts sulfur and anhydrite vent chimneys in 1375–1487 m depth, which emit sulfide-rich fluids with temperatures up to 212°C, and the microbial community of water samples in the buoyant plume rising from the vents was dominated by sulfur-oxidizing Gammaproteobacteria. A total of 12 macro- and megafaunal taxa depending on hydrothermal activity were collected in these biotopes, of which seven species were known from the East Scotia Ridge (ESR) vents and three species from vents outside the Southern Ocean. Faunal assemblages were dominated by large vesicomyid clams, actinostolid anemones, Sericosura sea spiders and lepetodrilid and cocculinid limpets, but several taxa abundant at nearby ESR hydrothermal vents were rare such as the stalked barnacle Neolepas scotiaensis. Multivariate analysis of fauna at Kemp Caldera and vents in neighbouring areas indicated that the Kemp Caldera is most similar to vent fields in the previously established Southern Ocean vent biogeographic province, showing that the species composition at island-arc hydrothermal vents can be distinct from nearby seafloor-spreading systems. δ13C and δ15N isotope values of megafaunal species analysed from the Kemp Caldera were similar to those of the same or related species at other vent fields, but none of the fauna sampled at Kemp Caldera had δ13C values, indicating nutritional dependence on Epsilonproteobacteria, unlike fauna at other island-arc hydrothermal vents.
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- 2019
40. Pachycara caribbaeum Anderson, Somerville & Copley, 2016, sp. nov
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Anderson, M. Eric, Somerville, Russell, and Copley, Jonathan T.
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Actinopterygii ,Pachycara ,Animalia ,Biodiversity ,Chordata ,Zoarcidae ,Taxonomy ,Perciformes ,Pachycara caribbaeum - Abstract
Pachycara caribbaeum sp. nov. (Figs. 2���4, Table 1) Holotype. BMNH 2015.9. 10.1 (immature male, 199 mm SL), Von Damm Vent Field, Mid-Cayman Spreading Centre, 18 �� 22.503 ' N, 81 �� 47.858 ' W, collected by suction sampler from ROV Isis, dive 198, depth 2313 m, water temperature 4.4 ��C, RRS James Cook cruise JC82, 10 February 2013. Paratypes. MCZ 171014 (immature male, 117 mm SL), Von Damm Vent Field, Mid-Cayman Spreading Centre, 18 �� 22.62 ' N, 81 �� 47.89 ' W, collected by suction sampler from ROV Hercules, dive H 1295, depth 2309 m, water temperature 4.4 ��C, EV Nautilus cruise NA034, 26 August 2013. MCZ 171085 (immature female, 197 mm SL), same data as preceding specimen. Diagnosis. A species of Pachycara as defined by Anderson (1989, 1994) with the following combination of characters: vertebrae 31���33 + 76���79 = 107���112; pectoral fin rays 12���14; pelvic fin rays 2; single mediolateral branch of the lateral line system; scales present on nape and cheeks. Description. Head ovoid, deeper than wide in larger specimens than smallest, snout gently sloping in all. Scales cycloid, relatively sparsely distributed in these juveniles, absent on fins and pectoral base and axil; scales present in nape to about one eye diameter posterior to eye in smallest specimen, to interorbital area in others. Eye small, rounded, entering dorsal profile of head in larger of the three fish. Gill slit moderate, reaching ventrally to lower edge of pectoral base or just below it. Opercular lobe at dorsal margin of gill slit slightly rounded posteriorly, extending forward about one eye diameter except on right side of MCZ 171085 where it does not extend forward. Pectoral-fin origin slightly below body midline, insertion on abdomen; posterior margin of fin wedge-shaped, with rays 4���6 from dorsalmost the longest; ventralmost rays not noticeably thickened, no ray tips exserted. Right pectoral fin of holotype appears deformed, shorter than the left (32.1 vs. 45.8 % HL; Fig. 3 A), with the tips of the dorsalmost rays missing (Fig. 3 B). Mouth very slightly subterminal and oblique, upper jaw extending posteriorly to middle of eye. Epidermal prickles absent on head. Nostril tube not reaching forward to upper lip. Oral valve reaching just posterior to anterior edge of vomer. Jaw teeth small, conical; premaxilla with single row of teeth in smallest, two or three anterior rows blending into single posterior row in larger specimens; dentary with three rows of teeth anteriorly blending into single posterior row in all. Vomerine teeth few in these juveniles. Palatine teeth in single row, also relatively few. Cephalic lateralis system with no variation in pore counts. Two postorbital pores (one and four of Anderson 1994). Suborbital pores 6 + 0 on both sides of all. Eight preoperculomandibular pores. Two anterior supraorbital (nasal) pores, one set anteromesial to nostril tube, the other dorsoposteriorly. Interorbital and occipital pores absent. Body lateral line system with single, mediolateral branch originating just posterior to postorbital pore 4, running to tail tip. No trace of ventral or dorsolateral neuromasts. Dorsal-fin origin associated with vertebrae 7���8, with no free pterygiophores (Fig. 4). Anal fin origin associated with vertebrae 30���31 (ultimate precaudal), with 3���5 pterygiophores inserted anterior to haemal spine of first caudal vertebra. Last dorsal ray associated with fourth preural vertebra, last anal ray associated with second preural vertebra. Caudal fin with two epural, four upper hypural and four lower hypural rays. Gill rakers short, those on upper limb (epibranchial) acute, lower rakers (ceratobranchial and hypobranchial) blunt, roughly triangular. Pseudobranchial filaments short and slender. Branchiostegal rays 4 + 2. Fresh colouration of holotype (Figs. 2 and 3 A) and paratype MCZ 171085 uniformly pinkish white, edges of unpaired fins translucent, abdomen bluish black, eye blue. In preservative all specimens dull whitish, orobranchial chamber pale. Etymology. The specific name recognises the first records of the genus at deep-sea chemosynthetic environments in the Caribbean Sea. Distribution. Known from two bathyal collections at chemosynthetic environments in the Caribbean at the hydrothermally active Von Damm Vent Field on the Mid-Cayman Spreading Centre (depth ca. 2300 m). Tentatively referred specimen. MCZ 171653 (sex undetermined, 56.5 mm SL), methane seep near Tobago, 11 ˚ 14.302 ���N, 59 ˚ 20.681 ���W, suction sampler from ROV Hercules, dive H1392, 1049 m, temperature 5.3 ˚C, EV Nautilus cruise NA054, 5 October 2014., Published as part of Anderson, M. Eric, Somerville, Russell & Copley, Jonathan T., 2016, A new species of Pachycara Zugmayer, 1911 (Teleostei: Zoarcidae) from deep-sea chemosynthetic environments in the Caribbean Sea, pp. 71-77 in Zootaxa 4066 (1) on pages 72-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4066.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/270534, {"references":["Anderson, M. E. (1989) Review of the eelpout genus Pachycara Zugmayer, 1911 (Teleostei: Zoarcidae), with description of six new species. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 46 (10), 221 - 242.","Anderson, M. E. (1994) Systematics and osteology of the Zoarcidae (Teleostei: Perciformes). Ichthyological Bulletin of the J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, 60, 1 - 120."]}
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- 2016
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41. Is it sex in chains? Potential mating stacks in deep-sea hydrothermal vent snails
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Chen, Chong, primary, Marsh, Leigh, additional, and Copley, Jonathan T., additional
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- 2018
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42. Two New Hot-Vent Peltospirid Snails (Gastropoda: Neomphalina) from Longqi Hydrothermal Field, Southwest Indian Ridge
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Chen, Chong, primary, Zhou, Yadong, additional, Wang, Chunsheng, additional, and Copley, Jonathan T., additional
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- 2017
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43. A new genus of large hydrothermal vent-endemic gastropod (Neomphalina: Peltospiridae)
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Chen, Chong, Linse, Katrin, Roterman, Christopher N., Copley, Jonathan T., and Rogers, Alex D.
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Neomphalida ,Mollusca ,Peltospiridae ,Gastropoda ,Animalia ,Biodiversity ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Recently discovered hydrothermal vent fields on the East Scotia Ridge (ESR, 56–60°S, 30°W), Southern Ocean, and the South West Indian Ridge (SWIR, 37°S 49°E), Indian Ocean, host two closely related new species of peltospirid gastropods. Morphological and molecular (mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, COI) characterization justify the erection of Gigantopelta gen. nov. within the Peltospiroidae with two new species, Gigantopelta chessoia sp. nov. from ESR and Gigantopelta aegis sp. nov. from SWIR. They attain an extremely large size for the clade Neomphalina, reaching 45.7 mm in shell diameter. The oesophageal gland of both species is markedly enlarged. Gigantopelta aegis has a thick sulphide coating on both the shell and the operculum of unknown function. The analysis of a 579-bp fragment of the COI gene resulted in 19–28% pairwise distance between Gigantopelta and six other genera in Peltospiridae, whereas the range amongst those six genera was 12–28%. The COI divergence between the two newly described species of Gigantopelta was 4.43%. Population genetics analyses using COI (370 bp) of 30 individuals of each species confirmed their genetic isolation and indicate recent rapid demographic expansion in both species
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- 2015
44. How the mollusc got its scales: convergent evolution of the molluscan scleritome
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Chen, Chong, Copley, Jonathan T., Linse, Katrin, Rogers, Alex D., and Sigwart, Julia
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Radiation of dramatically disparate forms among the phylum Mollusca remains a key question in metazoan evolution, and requires careful evaluation of homology of hard parts throughout the deep fossil record. Enigmatic early Cambrian taxa such as Halkieria and Wiwaxia (in the clade Halwaxiida) have been proposed to represent stem-group aculiferan molluscs (Caudofoveata + Solenogastres + Polyplacophora), as complex scleritomes were considered to be unique to aculiferans among extant molluscs. The ‘scaly-foot gastropod’ (Neomphalina: Peltospiridae) from hydrothermal vents of the Indian Ocean, however, also carries dermal sclerites and thus challenges this inferred homology. Despite superficial similarities to various mollusc sclerites, the scaly-foot gastropod sclerites are secreted in layers covering outpockets of epithelium and are largely proteinaceous, while chiton (Polyplacophora: Chitonida) sclerites are secreted to fill an invaginated cuticular chamber and are largely calcareous. Marked differences in the underlying epithelium of the scaly-foot gastropod sclerites and operculum suggest that the sclerites do not originate from multiplication of the operculum. This convergence in different classes highlights the ability of molluscs to adapt mineralized dermal structures, as supported by the extensive early fossil record of molluscs with scleritomes. Sclerites of halwaxiids are morphologically variable, undermining the assumed affinity of specific taxa with chitons, or the larger putative clade Aculifera. Comparisons with independently derived similar structures in living molluscs are essential for determining homology among fossils and their position with respect to the enigmatic evolution of molluscan shell forms in deep time.
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- 2015
45. The heart of a dragon: 3D anatomical reconstruction of the ‘scaly-foot gastropod’ (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Neomphalina) reveals its extraordinary circulatory system
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Chen, Chong, Copley, Jonathan T., Linse, Katrin, Rogers, Alex D., and Sigwart, Julia D.
- Subjects
Morphology ,COLD SEEPS ,fungi ,Deep-sea ,MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE ,STRUCTURAL ADAPTATIONS ,Chrysomallon squamiferum ,'Scaly-foot gastropod' ,RIFTIA-PACHYPTILA ,HYDROTHERMAL-VENT GASTROPOD ,Hydrothermal vents ,OKINAWA TROUGH ,INDIAN-OCEAN ,GENETIC DIVERSITY ,Animal Science and Zoology ,LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS ,Anatomy ,Adaptation ,TUBE-WORM ,Neomphalina ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Introduction: The 'scaly-foot gastropod' (Chrysomallon squamiferum Chen et al., 2015) from deep-sea hydrothermal vent ecosystems of the Indian Ocean is an active mobile gastropod occurring in locally high densities, and it is distinctive for the dermal scales covering the exterior surface of its foot. These iron-sulfide coated sclerites, and its nutritional dependence on endosymbiotic bacteria, are both noted as adaptations to the extreme environment in the flow of hydrogen sulfide. We present evidence for other adaptations of the 'scaly-foot gastropod' to life in an extreme environment, investigated through dissection and 3D tomographic reconstruction of the internal anatomy.Results: Our anatomical investigations of juvenile and adult specimens reveal a large unganglionated nervous system, a simple and reduced digestive system, and that the animal is a simultaneous hermaphrodite. We show that Chrysomallon squamiferum relies on endosymbiotic bacteria throughout post-larval life. Of particular interest is the circulatory system: Chrysomallon has a very large ctenidium supported by extensive blood sinuses filled with haemocoel. The ctenidium provides oxygen for the host but the circulatory system is enlarged beyond the scope of other similar vent gastropods. At the posterior of the ctenidium is a remarkably large and well-developed heart. Based on the volume of the auricle and ventricle, the heart complex represents approximately 4 % of the body volume. This proportionally giant heart primarily sucks blood through the ctenidium and supplies the highly vascularised oesophageal gland. Thus we infer the elaborate cardiovascular system most likely evolved to oxygenate the endosymbionts in an oxygen poor environment and/or to supply hydrogen sulfide to the endosymbionts.Conclusions: This study exemplifies how understanding the autecology of an organism can be enhanced by detailed investigation of internal anatomy. This gastropod is a large and active species that is abundant in its hydrothermal vent field ecosystem. Yet all of its remarkable features-protective dermal sclerites, circulatory system, high fecundity-can be viewed as adaptations beneficial to its endosymbiont microbes. We interpret these results to show that, as a result of specialisation to resolve energetic needs in an extreme chemosynthetic environment, this dramatic dragon-like species has become a carrying vessel for its bacteria.
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- 2015
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46. In hot and cold water: differential life-history traits are key to success in contrasting thermal deep-sea environments
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Marsh, Leigh, Copley, Jonathan T., Tyler, Paul A., Thatje, Sven, and Webb, Tom
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0106 biological sciences ,Male ,Embryo, Nonmammalian ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Deep sea ,Life history theory ,Hydrothermal Vents ,Kiwaidae ,Decapoda ,Animals ,14. Life underwater ,Endemism ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Polar front ,Chemosynthesis ,Life Cycle Stages ,biology ,Ecology ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,Reproduction ,fungi ,Temperature ,biology.organism_classification ,Crustacean ,Adaptation, Physiological ,Larva ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Female ,Hydrothermal vent - Abstract
1.Few species of reptant decapod crustaceans thrive in the cold-stenothermal waters of the Southern Ocean. However, abundant populations of a new species of anomuran crab, Kiwa tyleri, occur at hydrothermal vent fields on the East Scotia Ridge. 2.As a result of local thermal conditions at the vents, these crabs are not restricted by the physiological limits that otherwise exclude reptant decapods south of the polar front. 3.We reveal the adult life-history of this species by piecing together variation in microdistribution, body size-frequency, sex ratio, and ovarian and embryonic development, which indicates a pattern in the distribution of female Kiwaidae in relation to their reproductive development. 4.High-density "Kiwa" assemblages observed in close proximity to sources of vent fluids are constrained by the thermal limit of elevated temperatures and the availability of resources for chemosynthetic nutrition. Although adult Kiwaidae depend on epibiotic chemosynthetic bacteria for nutrition, females move offsite after extrusion of their eggs to protect brooding embryos from the chemically harsh, thermally fluctuating vent environment. Consequently, brooding females in the periphery of the vent field are in turn restricted by low-temperature physiological boundaries of the deep-water Southern Ocean environment. Females have a high reproductive investment in few, large, yolky eggs, facilitating full lecithotrophy, with the release of larvae prolonged, and asynchronous. After embryos are released, larvae are reliant on locating isolated active areas of hydrothermal flow in order to settle and survive as chemosynthetic adults. Where the cold water restricts the ability of all adult stages to migrate over long distances, these low temperatures may facilitate the larvae in the location of vent sites by extending the larval development period through hypometabolism.5.These differential life-history adaptations to contrasting thermal environments lead to a disjunct life history among males and females of Kiwa tyleri, which is key to their success in the Southern Ocean vent environment.6.We highlight the complexity in understanding the importance of life-history biology, in combination with environmental, ecological and physiological factors contributing to the overall global distribution of vent endemic species.
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- 2014
47. A new species of Pachycara Zugmayer, 1911 (Teleostei: Zoarcidae) from deep-sea chemosynthetic environments in the Caribbean Sea
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ANDERSON, M. ERIC, primary, SOMERVILLE, RUSSELL, additional, and COPLEY, JONATHAN T., additional
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- 2016
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48. Description of a new family, new genus and two new species of deep-sea Forcipulatacea (Asteroidea), including the first known sea star from hydrothermal vent habitats
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Mah, Christopher, Linse, Katrin, Copley, Jonathan, Marsh, Leigh, Rogers, Alex, Clague, David, Foltz, David, Mah, Christopher, Linse, Katrin, Copley, Jonathan, Marsh, Leigh, Rogers, Alex, Clague, David, and Foltz, David
- Abstract
Based on a phylogenetic analysis of undescribed taxa within the Forcipulatacea, a new family of deep-sea forcipulatacean starfishes, Paulasteriidae fam. nov., is described from deep-sea settings. Paulasterias tyleri gen. et sp. nov. was observed at recently documented hydrothermal vents on the East Scotia Ridge, Southern Ocean. A second species, Paulasterias mcclaini gen. et sp. nov. was observed in deep-sea settings in the North Pacific, more distant from hydrothermal vents. Both species are multi-armed (with between six and eight arms), with a fleshy body wall, and a poorly developed or absent adoral carina. Here, we include discussions of pedicellariae morphology, feeding biology, and classification
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- 2015
49. A new genus of large hydrothermal vent-endemic gastropod (Neomphalina: Peltospiridae)
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Chen, Chong, primary, Linse, Katrin, additional, Roterman, Christopher N., additional, Copley, Jonathan T., additional, and Rogers, Alex D., additional
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- 2015
- Full Text
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50. The heart of a dragon: 3D anatomical reconstruction of the ‘scaly-foot gastropod’ (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Neomphalina) reveals its extraordinary circulatory system
- Author
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Chen, Chong, primary, Copley, Jonathan T., additional, Linse, Katrin, additional, Rogers, Alex D., additional, and Sigwart, Julia D., additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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