Search

Cordyceps cicadae, an entomopathogenic fungus, is a source of traditional Chinese medicine in China. Due to the low yield of wild C. cicadae, artificial cultivation approaches will be needed to meet the increasing market demand. Using bioreactor culture can increase mass production and the abundance of the active component, N6‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐adenosine (HEA). Here, we describe a safety assessment for a novel mycelium preparation method. Many studies have confirmed the safety of C. cicadae mycelia. However, the acute safety pharmacology of the C. cicadae enriched with the high HEA (3.90 mg/g) compound has not been evaluated. This study evaluated the central nervous system (CNS), cardiovascular system, and respiratory system in ICR male mice via oral gavage administration. For each requested item, two batches of eight mice tested on a vehicle (0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC) and C. cicadae mycelia (1,000 mg/kg) were performed. The heart rate at 60 min for the vehicle and C. cicadae mycelium treatment was 700.3 ± 55.4 and 603.0 ± 42.3 bpm, respectively (p =.4279). For echocardiographic analysis, the LV mass of the vehicle and drug treatment was 86.7 ± 6.4 and 80.2 ± 7.7, respectively (p =.0933). In the respiratory test, the tidal volume of the vehicle and drug treatments was 0.11 ± 0.01 and 0.14 ± 0.01 at 60 min, respectively (p =.4262). These results demonstrate that the oral administration of HEA‐enriched C. cicadae mycelia is safe for the CNS, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: This is the first study to investigate the therapeutic effects of Cordyceps cicadae (C. cicadae) mycelia and its active compound N6‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)adenosine (HEA) on blood glucose in genetically diabetic mice. RESULTS: Forty mice, 9 weeks of age, were divided into normal control, diabetic control, and three C. cicadae mycelia treated diabetic groups. After 9 weeks of continuous supplementation, the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and homeostasis model of assessment‐insulin resistance index showed significant glucose tolerance with C. cicadae mycelia. Furthermore, the effect of HEA is similar to that of C. cicadae mycelia in an OGTT, suggesting that HEA could be the major factor responsible for the functional properties of C. cicadae mycelia. CONCLUSION: Based on these findings, it is suggested that the therapeutic effect of C. cicadae mycelia may be driven by one of its active components, HEA, which could alleviate many diabetes complications in genetically obese mice and may offer promise as a supplement for diabetes management. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. This study evaluates the reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) induced by C. cicadae mycelia extract in a steroid-induced rat model of glaucoma. Cordyceps cicadae mycelia is a well-known and valued traditional Chinese herbal medicine. C. cicadae mycelia were cultured using a liquid fermentation technique. The harvested C. cicadae mycelia were then lyophilized and extracted with two solvents, water and ethanol. The aqueous extract (CCM-DW) and ethanolic extract (CCM-EtOH) of the mycelia were obtained through lyophilization. Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6 in each group): a normal group, a control group, and experimental groups treated with CCM-DW, or CCM-EtOH (both at 50 mg/kg/body weight). Except for those in the normal group, all rats received a subconjunctival injection of betamethasone to induce high IOP. The rats in the experimental groups received a daily administration of CCM by oral gavage for four consecutive weeks. IOP reduction is the known treatment for glaucoma. The results revealed that steroid treatment caused a significant increase in the animals' IOP (control group). Elevated IOP decreased significantly after treatment with CCM-DW and CCM-EtOH (p < 0.01), and CCM-DW was more effective than CCM-EtOH. CCM-DW and CCM-EtOH were capable of causing significant decreases in high IOP-induced lesions in pathological studies in which it was shown that the efficacy of CCM-DW surpassed that of CCM-EtOH. After CCM-DW administration for 28 days, there were significant decreases in malondialdehyde and lactate dehydrogenase levels and significant increases in catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase levels. In summary, C. cicadae mycelia may be beneficial for preventing or treating glaucoma due to its significant IOP-lowering and antioxidant activities., Competing Interests: Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interest exists., (© The author(s).)