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Core@shell nanomaterials are a class of materials containing a core and a shell, both at the nanometer scale, as they have become a consequential research interest owing to their optical, electrical, and magnetic properties. Moreover, various core@shell nanomaterials have also emerged in many other fields, such as catalysis, pharmaceuticals, and biomedical due to their less toxicity, surface area, good biocompatibility, adequate penetration power for biological tissue, and selectivity for target molecules. Hence, this review covers the optical properties of core@shell nanomaterials and biosensors based on various core@shell nanomaterials, for example, inorganic@inorganic (Au@Ag), organic@inorganic (polyurethane@Au), inorganic@organic (CeO2@polyaniline), and organic@organic (poly(vinylidene difluoride)@dopamine) for biomedical applications; along with this, it also discusses the advantage and disadvantage of core@shell nanomaterials.

Abstract: A new H2O2 biosensor was constructed by immobilizing Hb in the Chit-MWNTs/Au@Au2S2O3 composite membrane. Owing to the superior performance of novel Au@Au2S2O3 core–shell nanomaterials and its synergy with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), the direct electron transfer of Hb in composite membrane was easily achieved. The Chit-MWNTs/Hb/Au@Au2S2O3/GCE displayed a pair of well-defined and reversible redox peaks in 0.1M pH 7.0 PBS. The electrocatalytic reduction to H2O2 of Chit-MWNTs/Hb/Au@Au2S2O3/GCE was also studied. Its apparent Michaelis–Menten constant for H2O2 was 0.014mM, showing a good affinity. The experimental results showed that the linear dependence of the biosensor was from 4.0×10−5 to 7.2×10−4 M, and the detection limit of the sensor was 3.2×10−6 M (S/N=3). Moreover, the biosensor showed a rapid response to H2O2, a good stability and reproducibility. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]