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Biophysical properties and microstructural changes of swelling cornea which caused by endothelial cells damage will be evaluated. Swelling cornea models were established by endothelial cells damage in 114 Sprague Dawley rats. Relative gray value, swelling rate and light transmittance were measured to evaluated the biophysical properties and microstructure changes were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Relative gray value decreased while swelling rate rose along with time and both of them reached relative stability after 7 days. Light transmittance showed a decline trend with time even after corneal thickness had reached stable stage. Observed by transmission electron microscopy, interfibrillar distance increased, fewer proteoglycans coating appeared and remnants proteoglycan branches became thinner and longer in 7 days. Diameter of fibrils didn’t change obviously with time. In cornea edema models caused by endothelial cells damage, the changes of biophysical property and microstructure can help us evaluate corneal edema accurately and objectively.

Aim To evaluate the safety, quality and prospects of day-case cataract surgery performed in a Jiangsu public tertiary hospital. Methods The general and clinical data for patients who underwent day-case cataract surgery between August 1, 2014 and December 31, 2016 at this hospital were collected. The incidences of intraoperative and postoperative complications, preoperative and postoperative best-corrected visual acuities (BCVAs), delayed discharge rate, rate of unplanned re-admission to hospital, and patient satisfaction were analyzed. Results A total of 4151 patients received cataract phacoemulsification surgery to correct age-related, congenital, traumatic, or complicated cataracts. Of these, age-related cataracts were the most frequently occurring. Patient age ranged from 18 to 101y and the vast majority of patients were between 60 and 80 years old. Of the 4151 patients, 64.73% (2687/4151) had a systemic disease. The number of patients increased over the years, with the average number of patients per month being 90.4, 124.83, and 183.42 in 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively. The average preoperative BCVA was 0.102±0.057 and average postoperative BCVAs at 1d, 1wk, and 1mo post-surgery were 0.453±0.264, 0.657±0.285, and 0.734±0.244, respectively. For intraoperative complications, 4.12% (171/4151) had posterior capsule rupture, 0.79% (33/4151) had iris or ciliary body injury, and 0.048% (2/4151) had suprachoroidal hemorrhage. For postoperative complications, 4.38% (182/4151) had cornea edema, 7.78% (323/4151) had intraocular hypertension, 0.096% (4/4151) had IOL toxicity syndrome, 0.28% (12/4151) had retained lens cortex, and 0.048% (2/4151) had hyphema. The delayed discharge rate was 0.82% (44/4151) and the unplanned re-admission to the hospital was 0 (0/4151). The patient satisfaction rate was 91.42% (3795/4151). Conclusion Day-case cataract surgery is safe and effective with good prospects for development.

Background: Keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness (KID) syndrome is a congenital ectodermal disorder characterized by keratitis, ichthyosis, and deafness. This syndrome affects multiple systems and can be fatal. Case: A 34-year-old G2, P1 woman was admitted to the Ege University School of Medicine in Izmir, Turkey because of a rapid increase in abdominal circumference at 32 weeks gestation. Fetal anatomic screening revealed complete chorioamniotic separation, hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis, and dysmorphic facial findings such as frontal bulging. After the delivery, the baby's whole body had granular thickened skin. Bilateral dry eye, corneal edema, and bilateral retinopathy of prematurity were diagnosed. Conclusion: This case report highlights the importance of prenatal diagnosis through ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging. This is the first case report that has antenatal ultrasonographic features in the literature. (c) 2019 the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada/La Societe des obstetriciens et gynecologues du Canada. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) (formerly known as Wegener´s granulomatosis) is a systemic necrotizing vasculitis belonging to a heterogeneous group of systemic anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated vasculitis which affects small and medium-sized blood vessels [1, 2]. The annual incidence of GPA has been estimated to be 8 to 10 million, has a peak age of onset of 64 to 75 years [3], and the frequency of presentation in female and male individuals is similar [4]. Constitutional signs like fever, asthenia, and weight loss are frequent (50%) but non-specific. Ear, nose, and throat signs (crusting rhinorrhea, sinusitis, chronic otitis, or damage of the facial cartilage) are present in 70 to 100% of cases at diagnosis [5]. Lung involvement, characterized by alveolar hemorrhage or parenchymatous nodules, affects 50 to 90% of patients [4]. The focal segmental necrotizing glomerulonephritis is the most frequent renal involvement in 40 to 100% of cases [6]. Involvement of the nervous system, the central nervous system, the pachymeninges, the heart, the pericardium, and the gastrointestinal system are less frequent, observed in a range of 5 to 40% of cases [1]. Ocular involvement is frequent, typically in the form of necrotizing nodular episcleritis, peripheral corneal ulcerations, and retinal vasculitis. The involvement of the eye socket is rare and can be characterized by a granulomatous retro-orbital pseudotumor or as dacryoadenitis. Inflammatory exophthalmia can also be a sinus inflammation manifestation [1]. We report a case of a male patient with GPA diagnosis with severe and fulminant progression of the disease and atypical ocular manifestations.

We present a case of a 77-year-old woman who sustained blunt ocular trauma leading to a scleral rupture, superonasal subconjunctival crystalline lens dislocation, iris loss, and hyphema. Computed tomography aided in the diagnosis of traumatic phacocele. Surgical exploration revealed an 11.0 mm anterior scleral rupture that was then repaired. Secondary implantation of the uniquely designed tripodal anterior chamber intraocular lens (AC IOL) was the choice because of the presence of extensive iris loss, scleral rupture, cornea edema, and hyphema at the primary setting. This case demonstrates successful restoration of globe integrity and a good visual outcome from an appropriate AC IOL selection and timing of IOL implantation.

Purpose: To present successful management of severe corneal hydrops by corneal optical coherence tomography (OCT) guidance and intracameral application of eye platelet-rich plasma (E-PRP) in a case with Down syndrome. Methods: A 36-year-old woman with Down syndrome presented with acute vision loss, pain, photophobia, and corneal edema in the left eye. Clinical examination revealed keratoconus in the right eye and extreme keratoconus with severe corneal hydrops in the left eye. Anterior segment OCT (MS-39, Costruzione Strumenti Oftalmici, Firenze, Italy) showed intrastromal cystic fluid collection and ruptured and detached Descemet membrane. The OCT-guided management of hydrops is first described in this case report. Results: Medical treatment and intracameral sulfur hexafluoride injection failed. A sterile 0.3 mL of E-PRP was injected into the anterior chamber. Clinical and anatomical improvement began from the first postoperative day, and corneal edema totally resolved at 1 week. Postoperatively, no significant side effect was noted except an early transient moderate (28 mm Hg) intraocular pressure peak. Anterior segment-OCT demonstrated dramatic normalization in corneal morphology with total disappearance of fluid in the cystic intracorneal space, closure of the DM rupture, and DM reattachment. The patient was stable during the 6-month follow-up.Conclusions:In this case, intraocular E-PRP was a promising, apparently safe, and effective treatment option in management of corneal hydrops, in which conventional approaches failed. This is the first case in the literature to describe OCT appearance of corneal hydrops and intracameral use of E-PRP for the resolution of DM rupture in acute corneal hydrops. © 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The results and complications of posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation by a 4-point scierai fixation technique are described. * PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty eyes of 47 patients who underwent scleral-fixated IOL implantation were retrospectively evaluated. Twenty-one (42%) eyes had a history of trauma and 29 (58%) eyes had previously undergone cataract surgery. In all cases, IOL implantation by 4-point scierai fixation was performed and the knots of fixation sutures were rotated and buried in the globe. The IOL position was adjusted by suture rotation for best centration. * RESULTS: The mean follow-up time was 7 ± 4 months. Four (8%) eyes had minimal corneal edema preoperatively. Cystoid macular edema was noted in 2 (6.8%) eyes in the cataract surgery group and 8 (38%) eyes in the posttraumatic group. Two (9.5%) eyes in the posttraumatic group had atrophie macular changes and 1 (4.7%) had cornea! scarring, which impaired vision. No complications such as knot exposure, tilting of the IOL, decentralization, or endophthalmitis were noted postoperatively. Postoperative mean corrected visual acuity was 0.4 ± 0.3 in the posttraumatic group and 0.4 ± 0.2 in the cataract surgery group. * CONCLUSION: The 4-point scierai fixation technique resulted in no serious postoperative complications such as suture exposure and endophthalmitis. Because the knot can be rotated and buried in the globe, knot exposure is less likely to occur. This procedure is more effective than other techniques regarding IOL centralization. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2004;35:379-382.]

Sir, We thank Vinciguerra et al1 for their interest and valuable comments on our article.2 The rationale of our study was to determine the preoperative patient characteristics affecting visual and topographic outcomes of corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) for progressive keratoconus. We found that patients with a worse preoperative corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA, ≤20/40 Snellen equivalent) tend to experience more visual improvement after CXL treatment (P

To compare the recovery of cornea endothelia after phacoemulsification (phaco) with anterior chamber irrigation at different temperatures.A between-group design was used.Thirty-eight patients with cataract.Phaco was done on 40 eyes in these patients with exactly the same procedure except for the temperature of the anterior chamber: cryoirrigation at 12 masculine C for group 1 and at room temperature (25 masculine C) for group 2, 20 eyes in each group, randomly distributed. The cornea edema, keratic precipitate (KP), and anterior chamber flare were observed with micro-slit lamp and graded on a 4-point scale at 1, 3, and 7 days after surgery and compared between groups.The corneas in group 1 were found to be clearer than those in group 2 at 1 and 3 days after surgery. The difference was statistically significant (p0.05) in favour of group 1, suggesting a lighter reaction of cornea endothelia and a quicker recovery in group 1 after the surgery with cryoirrigation. Corresponding recovery in group 2 was found to occur latterly between day 3 and day 7. However, the recovery in both groups was complete, yielding no difference between groups, at day 7 after surgery. In addition, no significant difference was found in Tyndall phenomenon and KP between groups.Cryoirrigation during phaco could reduce postoperative cornea edema and promote recovery. The result advocates the use of cryoirrigation in clinic.

Eye irritation is an important endpoint in the safety evaluation of consumer products and their ingredients. Several in vitro methods have been developed and are used by different industry sectors to assess eye irritation. One such in vitro method in use for some time already is the isolated chicken eye test (ICE). This investigation focuses on assessing the ICE as a method to determine the eye irritation potential of household cleaning products, both for product safety assurance prior to marketing and for classification and labeling decisions. The ICE involves a single application of test substances onto the cornea of isolated chicken eyes. Endpoints are corneal swelling, corneal opacity and fluorescein retention. The ICE results were compared to historic LVET data in this study due to availability of such in vivo data and the ability to correlate LVET to human experience data on the outcome of accidental exposures to household cleaning products in general. The results of this study indicate that the ICE test is a useful in vitro method for evaluating the eye irritation/corrosion potential and establishing classification and labeling for household cleaning products. For new product formulations, it is best used as part of a weight-of-evidence approach and benchmarked against data from comparable formulations with known eye irritation/corrosion profiles and market experience. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Eye irritation is an important endpoint in the safety evaluation of consumer products and their ingredients. Several in vitro methods have been developed and are used by different industry sectors to assess eye irritation. One such in vitro method in use for some time already is the isolated chicken eye test (ICE). This investigation focuses on assessing the ICE as a method to determine the eye irritation potential of household cleaning products, both for product safety assurance prior to marketing and for classification and labeling decisions. The ICE involves a single application of test substances onto the cornea of isolated chicken eyes. Endpoints are corneal swelling, corneal opacity and fluorescein retention. The ICE results were compared to historic LVET data in this study due to availability of such in vivo data and the ability to correlate LVET to human experience data on the outcome of accidental exposures to household cleaning products in general. The results of this study indicate that the ICE test is a useful in vitro method for evaluating the eye irritation/corrosion potential and establishing classification and labeling for household cleaning products. For new product formulations, it is best used as part of a weight-of-evidence approach and benchmarked against data from comparable formulations with known eye irritation/corrosion profiles and market experience. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Eye irritation is an important endpoint in the safety evaluation of consumer products and their ingredients. Several in vitro methods have been developed and are used by different industry sectors to assess eye irritation. One such in vitro method in use for some time already is the isolated chicken eye test (ICE). This investigation focuses on assessing the ICE as a method to determine the eye irritation potential of household cleaning products, both for product safety assurance prior to marketing and for classification and labeling decisions. The ICE involves a single application of test substances onto the cornea of isolated chicken eyes. Endpoints are corneal swelling, corneal opacity and fluorescein retention. The ICE results were compared to historic LVET data in this study due to availability of such in vivo data and the ability to correlate LVET to human experience data on the outcome of accidental exposures to household cleaning products in general. The results of this study indicate that the ICE test is a useful in vitro method for evaluating the eye irritation/corrosion potential and establishing classification and labeling for household cleaning products. For new product formulations, it is best used as part of a weight-of-evidence approach and benchmarked against data from comparable formulations with known eye irritation/corrosion profiles and market experience. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:22:27Z No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-05-27T14:43:54Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 2-s2.0-34248579599.pdf: 604626 bytes, checksum: 1957b4bfbf6c652cb41fa86d4a6aa46d (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:22:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-04-01 • Aim: To observe the effects of topical application of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on the rabbits corneal limbus. • Methods: 5-FU was applied topically to the corneoscleral region of rabbits eyes. The animals were sacrificed immediately or 7, 15, 30 and 60 days later, and tissues were submitted to histological examination. • Results: All animals presented corneoscleral deepithelization close to the site of application during the immediate post-operative period, whereas on the 4th postoperative day ulceration was no longer present. Histological examination showed absence of epithelium and slight edema. After one week (G2), 2 animals presented epithelial defects, thickened epithelium with larger basal cells and loose chromatin, and slight subepithelial edema. The remaining groups showed no alterations. • Conclusion: The 5-FU topically on the corneoscleral limbus postpone the epitelization. Department of Ophthalmology Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, 18618-000-Botucatu-Sao, Paulo State Department of Pathology Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, 18618-000-Botucatu-Sao, Paulo State Department of Ophthalmology Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, 18618-000-Botucatu-Sao, Paulo State Department of Pathology Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, 18618-000-Botucatu-Sao, Paulo State

D uring residency in 1990, I examined a child who had undergone bilateral cataract surgery with secondary intraocular lens (IOL) implants in the first weeks of life: his vision at the age of 2 years was poor from inflammation and anterior segment scarring. The attending ophthalmologist pointed out that IOL placement in children was fraught with difficulties and unknowns. Implanting IOLs in children tended to result in greater complications. The optics of the growing pseudophakic eye was largely a mystery, and this attending sided with leaving children aphakic at cataract surgery. I remember wishing that we had better surgical techniques and that we could figure out the optics involved. In the same year that I examined the pseudophakic child with a poor outcome, my second son was born; when he was 22 months old I discovered he had a unilateral cataract. Since that time, the science, materials, and techniques of cataract surgery in children have advanced tremendously. Many now successfully implant IOLs in children and infants; advances in our understanding of the refractive growth of the pseudophakic eye help to guide our choice of initial postoperative refraction. However, some problems remain intractable, including precise IOL calculation and precise prediction of the refractive kinetics of an individual child’s pseudophakic eye. Two articles in this issue of the Journal of AAPOS apprise us of incremental advances in surgical technique and IOL calculation. Nihalani and Vanderveen report that their technique of in-the-bag secondary IOL placement results in less initial inflammation and cornea edema than ciliary sulcus IOL placement, and AbdelHavez and colleagues report success in using the aphakic refraction to calculate the secondary IOL power for children. Continued careful clinical research in the complex aspects of managing pediatric cataract patients is necessary to improve the ultimate outcomes for these children: their good is our goal. Success in secondary IOL techniques may result in surgeons choosing to leave many infants aphakic in anticipation of secondary IOL implantation to avoid the complications and refractive uncertainties of early IOL placement; success in secondary

Purpose To determine whether annular keratotomy can relieve pain associated with bullous keratopathy. Methods Three patients with painful bullous keratopathy and poor visual potential underwent partial-thickness (0.30 to 0.42 mm) trephination of the cornea under local anesthesia. Results All patients reported an absence of pain and foreign body sensation during an average follow-up interval of six months. The surgical procedure was uncomplicated; however, two eyes developed increased central corneal stromal edema. Conclusions Annular keratotomy appears to be a relatively safe and simple surgical procedure that may be useful in managing pain in eyes with painful cornea edema and poor visual potential.