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563 results on '"Cortese, G."'

4. A Geometric Monte Carlo Algorithm for the Antiferromagnetic Ising model with 'Topological' Term at $\theta=\pi$

Author

Azcoiti, V., Cortese, G., Follana, E., and Giordano, M.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Lattice, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

In this work we study the two and three-dimensional antiferromagnetic Ising model with an imaginary magnetic field $i\theta$ at $\theta=\pi$. In order to perform numerical simulations of the system we introduce a new geometric algorithm not affected by the sign problem. Our results for the $2D$ model are in agreement with the analytical solutions. We also present new results for the $3D$ model which are qualitatively in agreement with mean-field predictions.

Published
2013
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5. Critical behavior of 3D Z(N) lattice gauge theories at zero temperature

Author

Borisenko, O., Chelnokov, V., Cortese, G., Gravina, M., Papa, A., and Surzhikov, I.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Lattice
Abstract

Three-dimensional $Z(N)$ lattice gauge theories at zero temperature are studied for various values of $N$. Using a modified phenomenological renormalization group, we explore the critical behavior of the generalized $Z(N)$ model for $N=2,3,4,5,6,8$. Numerical computations are used to simulate vector models for $N=2,3,4,5,6,8,13,20$ for lattices with linear extension up to $L=96$. We locate the critical points of phase transitions and establish their scaling with $N$. The values of the critical indices indicate that the models with $N>4$ belong to the universality class of the three-dimensional $XY$ model. However, the exponent $\alpha$ derived from the heat capacity is consistent with the Ising universality class. We discuss a possible resolution of this puzzle. We also demonstrate the existence of a rotationally symmetric region within the ordered phase for all $N\geq 5$ at least in the finite volume., Comment: 25 pages, 4 figures, 8 tables

Published
2013
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6. Phase structure of 3D Z(N) lattice gauge theories at finite temperature

Author

Borisenko, O., Chelnokov, V., Cortese, G., Gravina, M., Papa, A., and Surzhikov, I.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Lattice, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

We perform a numerical study of the phase transitions in three-dimensional Z(N) lattice gauge theories at finite temperature for N>4. Using the dual formulation of the models and a cluster algorithm we locate the position of the critical points and study the critical behavior across both phase transitions in details. In particular, we determine various critical indices, compute the average action and the specific heat. Our results are consistent with the two transitions being of infinite order. Furthermore, they belong to the universality class of two-dimensional Z(N) vector spin models., Comment: 23 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1206.5607

Published
2012
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7. Geometric representation of the 2D Antiferromagnetic Ising Model with topological term at \theta=\pi

Author

Azcoiti, V., Cortese, G., Follana, E., and Giordano, M.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Lattice
Abstract

We study the two-dimensional Antiferromagnetic Ising Model with an imaginary magnetic field i\theta at \theta=\pi. We use a new geometric algorithm which does not present a sign problem. This allows us to perform efficient numerical simulations of this system., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, submitted as a contribution to the 30th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, June 24-29, 2012, Cairns, Australia

Published
2012

8. BKT phase transitions in strongly coupled 3D Z(N) LGT at finite temperature

Author

Borisenko, O., Chelnokov, V., Cortese, G., Fiore, R., Gravina, M., Papa, A., and Surzhikov, I.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Lattice, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

We investigate, both analytically and numerically, the phase diagram of three-dimensional Z(N) lattice gauge theories at finite temperature for N > 4. These models, in the strong coupling limit, are equivalent to a generalized version of vector Potts models in two dimension, with Polyakov loops playing the role of Z(N) spins. It is argued that the effective spin models have two phase transitions of infinite order (i.e. BKT). Using a cluster algorithm we confirm this conjecture, locate the position of the critical points and extract various critical indices., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, submitted as a contribution to the 30th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, June 24-29, 2012, Cairns, Australia

Published
2012

9. Phase transitions in strongly coupled 3d Z(N) lattice gauge theories at finite temperature

Author

Borisenko, O., Chelnokov, V., Cortese, G., Fiore, R., Gravina, M., Papa, A., and Surzhikov, I.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Lattice, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

We perform an analytical and numerical study of the phase transitions in three-dimensional Z(N) lattice gauge theories at finite temperature for N>4 exploiting equivalence of these models with a generalized version of the two-dimensional vector Potts models in the limit of vanishing spatial coupling. In this limit the Polyakov loops play the role of Z(N) spins. The effective couplings of these two-dimensional spin models are calculated explicitly. It is argued that the effective spin models have two phase transitions of BKT type. This is confirmed by large-scale Monte Carlo simulations. Using a cluster algorithm we locate the position of the critical points and study the critical behavior across both phase transitions in details. In particular, we determine various critical indices, compute the helicity modulus, the average action and the specific heat. A scaling formula for the critical points with N is proposed., Comment: 28 pages, 12 figures, 12 tables; version to appear on Phys. Rev. E

Published
2012
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10. The phase transitions in 2D Z(N) vector models for N>4

Author

Borisenko, O., Chelnokov, V., Cortese, G., Fiore, R., Gravina, M., and Papa, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Lattice, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

We investigate both analytically and numerically the renormalization group equations in 2D Z(N) vector models. The position of the critical points of the two phase transitions for N>4 is established and the critical index \nu\ is computed. For N=7, 17 the critical points are located by Monte Carlo simulations and some of the corresponding critical indices are determined. The behavior of the helicity modulus is studied for N=5, 7, 17. Using these and other available Monte Carlo data we discuss the scaling of the critical points with N and some other open theoretical problems., Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures, 10 tables; version to appear on Phys. Rev. E

Published
2011
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11. Site U1521

Author

McKay, R.M., primary, De Santis, L., additional, Kulhanek, D.K., additional, Ash, J.L., additional, Beny, F., additional, Browne, I.M., additional, Cortese, G., additional, Cordeiro de Sousa, I.M., additional, Dodd, J.P., additional, Esper, O.M., additional, Gales, J.A., additional, Harwood, D.M., additional, Ishino, S., additional, Keisling, B.A., additional, Kim, S., additional, Laberg, J.S., additional, Leckie, R.M., additional, Müller, J., additional, Patterson, M.O., additional, Romans, B.W., additional, Romero, O.E., additional, Sangiorgi, F., additional, Seki, O., additional, Shevenell, A.E., additional, Singh, S.M., additional, Sugisaki, S.T., additional, van de Flierdt, T., additional, van Peer, T.E., additional, Xiao, W., additional, and Xiong, Z., additional

Published
2019
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12. Expedition 374 methods

Author

McKay, R.M., primary, De Santis, L., additional, Kulhanek, D.K., additional, Ash, J.L., additional, Beny, F., additional, Browne, I.M., additional, Cortese, G., additional, Cordeiro de Sousa, I.M., additional, Dodd, J.P., additional, Esper, O.M., additional, Gales, J.A., additional, Harwood, D.M., additional, Ishino, S., additional, Keisling, B.A., additional, Kim, S., additional, Laberg, J.S., additional, Leckie, R.M., additional, Müller, J., additional, Patterson, M.O., additional, Romans, B.W., additional, Romero, O.E., additional, Sangiorgi, F., additional, Seki, O., additional, Shevenell, A.E., additional, Singh, S.M., additional, Sugisaki, S.T., additional, van de Flierdt, T., additional, van Peer, T.E., additional, Xiao, W., additional, and Xiong, Z., additional

Published
2019
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15. Gender Difference in the Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Mechanical Reperfusion and 30-Day Mortality for STEMI: Results of the ISACS-STEMI COVID-19 Registry.

Author

Luca, G. De, Manzo-Silberman, S., Algowhary, M., Uguz, B., Oliveira, D.C., Ganyukov, V., Busljetik, O., Cercek, M., Okkels, L., Loh, P.H., Calmac, L., Ferrer, G.R.I., Quadros, A., Milewski, M., otto di Uccio, F. Sc, Birgelen, C. von, Versaci, F., Berg, J ., Casella, G., Wong Sung Lung, A., Kala, P., Díez Gil, J.L., Carrillo, X., Dirksen, M., Becerra, V., Lee, M.K., Juzar, D.A., Moura Joaquim, R. de, Paladino, R., Milicic, D., Davlouros, P., Bakraceski, N., Zilio, F., Donazzan, L., Kraaijeveld, A., Galasso, G., Arpad, L., Marinucci, L., Guiducci, V., Menichelli, M., Scoccia, A., Yamac, A.H., Ugur Mert, K., Flores Rios, X., Kovarnik, T., Kidawa, M., Moreu, J., Flavien, V., Fabris, E., Martínez-Luengas, I.L., Boccalatte, M., Ojeda, F.B., Arellano-Serrano, C., Caiazzo, G., Cirrincione, G., Kao, H.L., Forés, J.S., Vignali, L., Pereira, H., Ordoñez, S., Arat Özkan, A., Scheller, B., Lehtola, H., Teles, R., Mantis, C., Antti, Y., Brum Silveira, J.A., Zoni, C.R., Bessonov, I., Uccello, G., Kochiadakis, G., Alexopulos, D., Uribe, C.E., Kanakakis, J., Faurie, B., Gabrielli, G., Barrios, A.G., Bachini, J.P., Rocha, A., Tam, F.C., Rodriguez, A., Lukito, A.A., Saint-Joy, V., Pessah, G., Tuccillo, A., Ielasi, A., Cortese, G., Parodi, G., Bouraghda, M.A., Moura, M., Kedhi, E., Lamelas, P., Suryapranata, H., Nardin, M., Verdoia, M., Luca, G. De, Manzo-Silberman, S., Algowhary, M., Uguz, B., Oliveira, D.C., Ganyukov, V., Busljetik, O., Cercek, M., Okkels, L., Loh, P.H., Calmac, L., Ferrer, G.R.I., Quadros, A., Milewski, M., otto di Uccio, F. Sc, Birgelen, C. von, Versaci, F., Berg, J ., Casella, G., Wong Sung Lung, A., Kala, P., Díez Gil, J.L., Carrillo, X., Dirksen, M., Becerra, V., Lee, M.K., Juzar, D.A., Moura Joaquim, R. de, Paladino, R., Milicic, D., Davlouros, P., Bakraceski, N., Zilio, F., Donazzan, L., Kraaijeveld, A., Galasso, G., Arpad, L., Marinucci, L., Guiducci, V., Menichelli, M., Scoccia, A., Yamac, A.H., Ugur Mert, K., Flores Rios, X., Kovarnik, T., Kidawa, M., Moreu, J., Flavien, V., Fabris, E., Martínez-Luengas, I.L., Boccalatte, M., Ojeda, F.B., Arellano-Serrano, C., Caiazzo, G., Cirrincione, G., Kao, H.L., Forés, J.S., Vignali, L., Pereira, H., Ordoñez, S., Arat Özkan, A., Scheller, B., Lehtola, H., Teles, R., Mantis, C., Antti, Y., Brum Silveira, J.A., Zoni, C.R., Bessonov, I., Uccello, G., Kochiadakis, G., Alexopulos, D., Uribe, C.E., Kanakakis, J., Faurie, B., Gabrielli, G., Barrios, A.G., Bachini, J.P., Rocha, A., Tam, F.C., Rodriguez, A., Lukito, A.A., Saint-Joy, V., Pessah, G., Tuccillo, A., Ielasi, A., Cortese, G., Parodi, G., Bouraghda, M.A., Moura, M., Kedhi, E., Lamelas, P., Suryapranata, H., Nardin, M., and Verdoia, M.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext, BACKGROUND: Several reports have demonstrated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the management and outcome of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The aim of the current analysis is to investigate the potential gender difference in the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mechanical reperfusion and 30-day mortality for STEMI patients within the ISACS-STEMI COVID-19 Registry. METHODS: This retrospective multicenter registry was performed in high-volume primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) centers on four continents and included STEMI patients undergoing PPCIs in March-June 2019 and 2020. Patients were divided according to gender. The main outcomes were the incidence and timing of the PPCI, (ischemia time ≥ 12 h and door-to-balloon ≥ 30 min) and in-hospital or 30-day mortality. RESULTS: We included 16683 STEMI patients undergoing PPCIs in 109 centers. In 2020 during the pandemic, there was a significant reduction in PPCIs compared to 2019 (IRR 0.843 (95% CI: 0.825-0.861, p < 0.0001). We did not find a significant gender difference in the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the numbers of STEMI patients, which were similarly reduced from 2019 to 2020 in both groups, or in the mortality rates. Compared to prepandemia, 30-day mortality was significantly higher during the pandemic period among female (12.1% vs. 8.7%; adjusted HR [95% CI] = 1.66 [1.31-2.11], p < 0.001) but not male patients (5.8% vs. 6.7%; adjusted HR [95% CI] = 1.14 [0.96-1.34], p = 0.12). CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the treatment of patients with STEMI, with a 16% reduction in PPCI procedures similarly observed in both genders. Furthermore, we observed significantly increased in-hospital and 30-day mortality rates during the pandemic only among females. Trial registration number: NCT 04412655.

Published
2023

16. Age-Related Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Mechanical Reperfusion and 30-Day Mortality for STEMI: Results of the ISACS-STEMI COVID-19 Registry.

Author

Luca, G. De, Algowhary, M., Uguz, B., Oliveira, D.C., Ganyukov, V., Busljetik, O., Cercek, M., Jensen, L.O., Loh, P.H., Calmac, L., Ferrer, G.R.I., Quadros, A., Milewski, M., Scotto D'Uccio, F., Birgelen, C. von, Versaci, F., Berg, J ., Casella, G., Wong Sung Lung, A., Kala, P., Díez Gil, J.L., Carrillo, X., Dirksen, M., Becerra Munoz, V., Lee, M.K., Juzar, D.A., Moura Joaquim, R. de, Paladino, R., Milicic, D., Davlouros, P., Bakraceski, N., Zilio, F., Donazzan, L., Kraaijeveld, A., Galasso, G., Arpad, L., Marinucci, L., Guiducci, V., Menichelli, M., Scoccia, A., Yamac, A.H., Ugur Mert, K., Flores Rios, X., Kovarnik, T., Kidawa, M., Moreu, J., Flavien, V., Fabris, E., Martínez-Luengas, I.L., Boccalatte, M., Bosa Ojeda, F., Arellano-Serrano, C., Caiazzo, G., Cirrincione, G., Kao, H.L., Sanchis Forés, J., Vignali, L., Pereira, H., Manzo-Silberman, S., Ordoñez, S., Arat Özkan, A., Scheller, B., Lehitola, H., Teles, R., Mantis, C., Antti, Y., Brum Silveira, J.A., Zoni, C.R., Bessonov, I., Uccello, G., Kochiadakis, G., Alexopulos, D., Uribe, C.E., Kanakakis, J., Faurie, B., Gabrielli, G., Gutierrez Barrios, A., Bachini, J.P., Rocha, Alex, Tam, F.C., Rodriguez, A., Lukito, A.A., Saint-Joy, V., Pessah, G., Tuccillo, A., Ielasi, A., Cortese, G., Parodi, G., Burgadha, M.A., Kedhi, E., Lamelas, P., Suryapranata, H., Nardin, M., Verdoia, M., Luca, G. De, Algowhary, M., Uguz, B., Oliveira, D.C., Ganyukov, V., Busljetik, O., Cercek, M., Jensen, L.O., Loh, P.H., Calmac, L., Ferrer, G.R.I., Quadros, A., Milewski, M., Scotto D'Uccio, F., Birgelen, C. von, Versaci, F., Berg, J ., Casella, G., Wong Sung Lung, A., Kala, P., Díez Gil, J.L., Carrillo, X., Dirksen, M., Becerra Munoz, V., Lee, M.K., Juzar, D.A., Moura Joaquim, R. de, Paladino, R., Milicic, D., Davlouros, P., Bakraceski, N., Zilio, F., Donazzan, L., Kraaijeveld, A., Galasso, G., Arpad, L., Marinucci, L., Guiducci, V., Menichelli, M., Scoccia, A., Yamac, A.H., Ugur Mert, K., Flores Rios, X., Kovarnik, T., Kidawa, M., Moreu, J., Flavien, V., Fabris, E., Martínez-Luengas, I.L., Boccalatte, M., Bosa Ojeda, F., Arellano-Serrano, C., Caiazzo, G., Cirrincione, G., Kao, H.L., Sanchis Forés, J., Vignali, L., Pereira, H., Manzo-Silberman, S., Ordoñez, S., Arat Özkan, A., Scheller, B., Lehitola, H., Teles, R., Mantis, C., Antti, Y., Brum Silveira, J.A., Zoni, C.R., Bessonov, I., Uccello, G., Kochiadakis, G., Alexopulos, D., Uribe, C.E., Kanakakis, J., Faurie, B., Gabrielli, G., Gutierrez Barrios, A., Bachini, J.P., Rocha, Alex, Tam, F.C., Rodriguez, A., Lukito, A.A., Saint-Joy, V., Pessah, G., Tuccillo, A., Ielasi, A., Cortese, G., Parodi, G., Burgadha, M.A., Kedhi, E., Lamelas, P., Suryapranata, H., Nardin, M., and Verdoia, M.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 291566.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), BACKGROUND: The constraints in the management of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) during the COVID-19 pandemic have been suggested to have severely impacted mortality levels. The aim of the current analysis is to evaluate the age-related effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mechanical reperfusion and 30-day mortality for STEMI within the registry ISACS-STEMI COVID-19. METHODS: This retrospective multicenter registry was performed in high-volume PPCI centers on four continents and included STEMI patients undergoing PPCI in March-June 2019 and 2020. Patients were divided according to age (< or ≥75 years). The main outcomes were the incidence and timing of PPCI, (ischemia time longer than 12 h and door-to-balloon longer than 30 min), and in-hospital or 30-day mortality. RESULTS: We included 16,683 patients undergoing PPCI in 109 centers. In 2020, during the pandemic, there was a significant reduction in PPCI as compared to 2019 (IRR 0.843 (95%-CI: 0.825-0.861, p < 0.0001). We found a significant age-related reduction (7%, p = 0.015), with a larger effect on elderly than on younger patients. Furthermore, we observed significantly higher 30-day mortality during the pandemic period, especially among the elderly (13.6% vs. 17.9%, adjusted HR (95% CI) = 1.55 [1.24-1.93], p < 0.001) as compared to younger patients (4.8% vs. 5.7%; adjusted HR (95% CI) = 1.25 [1.05-1.49], p = 0.013), as a potential consequence of the significantly longer ischemia time observed during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the treatment of patients with STEMI, with a 16% reduction in PPCI procedures, with a larger reduction and a longer delay to treatment among elderly patients, which may have contributed to increase in-hospital and 30-day mortality during the pandemic.

Published
2023

18. COVID-19 pandemic, mechanical reperfusion and 30-day mortality in ST elevation myocardial infarction

Author

De Luca G, Algowhary M, Uguz B, Oliveira DC, Ganyukov V, Zimbakov Z, Cercek M, Jensen LO, Loh PH, Calmac L, Roura-Ferrer G, Quadros A, Milewski M, Scotto di Uccio F, von Birgelen C, Versaci F, Ten Berg J, Casella G, Wong ASL, Kala P, Diez Gil JL, Carrillo X, Dirksen MT, Becerra-Muñoz VM, Kang-Yin Lee M, Juzar DA, de Moura Joaquim R, Paladino R, Milicic D, Davlouros P, Bakraceski N, Zilio F, Donazzan L, Kraaijeveld AO, Galasso G, Lux A, Marinucci L, Guiducci V, Menichelli M, Scoccia A, Yamac A, Ugur Mert K, Flores Rios X, Kovarnik T, Kidawa M, Moreu J, Flavien V, Fabris E, Lozano Martìnez-Luengas I, Boccalatte M, Bosa Ojeda F, Arellano-Serrano C, Caiazzo G, Cirrincione G, Kao HL, Sanchis Fores J, Vignali L, Pereira H, Manzo-Silberman S, Ordonez S, Özkan AA, Scheller B, Lehtola H, Teles R, Mantis C, Ylitalo A, Brum Silveira JA, Zoni R, Bessonov I, Savonitto S, Kochiadakis G, Alexopoulos D, Uribe C, Kanakakis J, Faurie B, Gabrielli G, Gutiérrez A, Bachini JP, Rocha A, Tam FC, Rodriguez A, Lukito A, Saint-Joy V, Pessah G, Tuccillo B, Cortese G, Parodi G, Bouraghda MA, Kedhi E, Lamelas P, Suryapranata H, Nardin M, Verdoia M, ISACS-STEMI COVID-19, Collaborators, RS: Carim - H01 Clinical atrial fibrillation, Cardiologie, De Luca, G., Algowhary, M., Uguz, B., Oliveira, D. C., Ganyukov, V., Zimbakov, Z., Cercek, M., Jensen, L. O., Loh, P. H., Calmac, L., Roura-Ferrer, G., Quadros, A., Milewski, M., Scotto di Uccio, F., von Birgelen, C., Versaci, F., Ten Berg, J., Casella, G., Wong, A. S. L., Kala, P., Diez Gil, J. L., Carrillo, X., Dirksen, M. T., Becerra-Munoz, V. M., Kang-Yin Lee, M., Juzar, D. A., de Moura Joaquim, R., Paladino, R., Milicic, D., Davlouros, P., Bakraceski, N., Zilio, F., Donazzan, L., Kraaijeveld, A. O., Galasso, G., Lux, A., Marinucci, L., Guiducci, V., Menichelli, M., Scoccia, A., Yamac, A., Ugur Mert, K., Flores Rios, X., Kovarnik, T., Kidawa, M., Moreu, J., Flavien, V., Fabris, E., Lozano Martinez-Luengas, I., Boccalatte, M., Bosa Ojeda, F., Arellano-Serrano, C., Caiazzo, G., Cirrincione, G., Kao, H. -L., Sanchis Fores, J., Vignali, L., Pereira, H., Manzo-Silberman, S., Ordonez, S., Ozkan, A. A., Scheller, B., Lehtola, H., Teles, R., Mantis, C., Ylitalo, A., Brum Silveira, J. A., Zoni, R., Bessonov, I., Savonitto, S., Kochiadakis, G., Alexopoulos, D., Uribe, C., Kanakakis, J., Faurie, B., Gabrielli, G., Gutierrez, A., Bachini, J. P., Rocha, A., Tam, F. C., Rodriguez, A., Lukito, A., Saint-Joy, V., Pessah, G., Tuccillo, B., Cortese, G., Parodi, G., Bouraghda, M. A., Kedhi, E., Lamelas, P., Suryapranata, H., Nardin, M., and Verdoia, M.

Subjects
Registrie, Male, ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis, Time Factors, Percutaneous, medicine.medical_treatment, Vascular damage Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 16], Coronary Artery Disease, Practice Patterns, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Rate ratio, Time-to-Treatment/trends, Cardiologists, 0302 clinical medicine, Retrospective Studie, Heart Rate, Risk Factors, Pandemic, ST segment, Registries, Hospital Mortality, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, Practice Patterns, Physicians', 10. No inequality, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/adverse effects, Hospital Mortality/trends, COVID-19, myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Treatment Outcome, Cardiology, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiologists/trends, Human, Aged, Humans, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Retrospective Studies, Risk Assessment, ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Time-to-Treatment, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factor, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Cardiologist, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, Acute Coronary Syndrome, Pandemics, Physicians', SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Risk Factor, COVID-19, myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention, Percutaneous coronary intervention, medicine.disease, Practice Patterns, Physicians'/trends, business
Abstract

ObjectiveThe initial data of the International Study on Acute Coronary Syndromes - ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction COVID-19 showed in Europe a remarkable reduction in primary percutaneous coronary intervention procedures and higher in-hospital mortality during the initial phase of the pandemic as compared with the prepandemic period. The aim of the current study was to provide the final results of the registry, subsequently extended outside Europe with a larger inclusion period (up to June 2020) and longer follow-up (up to 30 days).MethodsThis is a retrospective multicentre registry in 109 high-volume primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) centres from Europe, Latin America, South-East Asia and North Africa, enrolling 16 674 patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing PPPCI in March/June 2019 and 2020. The main study outcomes were the incidence of PPCI, delayed treatment (ischaemia time >12 hours and door-to-balloon >30 min), in-hospital and 30-day mortality.ResultsIn 2020, during the pandemic, there was a significant reduction in PPCI as compared with 2019 (incidence rate ratio 0.843, 95% CI 0.825 to 0.861, p75 years) (p=0.015), and was not related to the peak of cases or deaths due to COVID-19. The heterogeneity among centres was high (pConclusionPercutaneous revascularisation for STEMI was significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, with a 16% reduction in PPCI procedures, especially among older patients (about 20%), and longer delays to treatment, which may have contributed to the increased in-hospital and 30-day mortality during the pandemic.Trial registration numberNCT04412655.

Published
2022

19. Challenges in Communications Research Beyond the VICOM Project

Author

Vatalaro, F., Cortese, G., Davide, F., Detti, A., Leo, M., Loreti, P., Riva, G., Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, and Smirnov, Michael, editor

Published
2005
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24. COVID-19 pandemic, mechanical reperfusion and 30-day mortality in ST elevation myocardial infarction

Author

Luca, G. De, Algowhary, M., Uguz, B., Oliveira, D.C., Ganyukov, V., Zimbakov, Z., Cercek, M., Jensen, L.O., Loh, P.H., Calmac, L., Roura-Ferrer, G., Quadros, A., Milewski, M., Uccio, F. Scotto di, Birgelen, C. von, Versaci, F., Berg, J ., Casella, G., Wong, A.S.Y., Kala, P., Gil, J.L. Diez, Carrillo, X., Dirksen, M.T., Becerra-Muñoz, V.M., Kang-Yin Lee, M., Juzar, D.A., Joaquim, R. de Moura, Paladino, R., Milicic, D., Davlouros, P., Bakraceski, N., Zilio, F., Donazzan, L., Kraaijeveld, A.O., Galasso, G., Lux, A, Marinucci, L., Guiducci, V., Menichelli, M., Scoccia, A., Yamac, A., Mert, K. Ugur, Rios, X. Flores, Kovarnik, T., Kidawa, M., Moreu, J., Flavien, V., Fabris, E., Martìnez-Luengas, I. Lozano, Boccalatte, M., Ojeda, F., Arellano-Serrano, C., Caiazzo, G., Cirrincione, G., Kao, H.L., Fores, J. Sanchis, Vignali, L., Pereira, H., Manzo-Silberman, S., Ordonez, S., Özkan, A.A., Scheller, B., Lehtola, H., Teles, R., Mantis, C., Ylitalo, A., Silveira, J.A. Brum, Zoni, R., Bessonov, I., Savonitto, S., Kochiadakis, G., Alexopoulos, D., Uribe, C., Kanakakis, J., Faurie, B., Gabrielli, G., Gutiérrez, A., Bachini, J.P., Rocha, A., Tam, F.C., Rodriguez, A., Lukito, A., Saint-Joy, V., Pessah, G., Tuccillo, B., Cortese, G., Parodi, G., Bouraghda, M.A., Kedhi, E., Lamelas, P., Suryapranata, H., Nardin, M., Verdoia, M., Luca, G. De, Algowhary, M., Uguz, B., Oliveira, D.C., Ganyukov, V., Zimbakov, Z., Cercek, M., Jensen, L.O., Loh, P.H., Calmac, L., Roura-Ferrer, G., Quadros, A., Milewski, M., Uccio, F. Scotto di, Birgelen, C. von, Versaci, F., Berg, J ., Casella, G., Wong, A.S.Y., Kala, P., Gil, J.L. Diez, Carrillo, X., Dirksen, M.T., Becerra-Muñoz, V.M., Kang-Yin Lee, M., Juzar, D.A., Joaquim, R. de Moura, Paladino, R., Milicic, D., Davlouros, P., Bakraceski, N., Zilio, F., Donazzan, L., Kraaijeveld, A.O., Galasso, G., Lux, A, Marinucci, L., Guiducci, V., Menichelli, M., Scoccia, A., Yamac, A., Mert, K. Ugur, Rios, X. Flores, Kovarnik, T., Kidawa, M., Moreu, J., Flavien, V., Fabris, E., Martìnez-Luengas, I. Lozano, Boccalatte, M., Ojeda, F., Arellano-Serrano, C., Caiazzo, G., Cirrincione, G., Kao, H.L., Fores, J. Sanchis, Vignali, L., Pereira, H., Manzo-Silberman, S., Ordonez, S., Özkan, A.A., Scheller, B., Lehtola, H., Teles, R., Mantis, C., Ylitalo, A., Silveira, J.A. Brum, Zoni, R., Bessonov, I., Savonitto, S., Kochiadakis, G., Alexopoulos, D., Uribe, C., Kanakakis, J., Faurie, B., Gabrielli, G., Gutiérrez, A., Bachini, J.P., Rocha, A., Tam, F.C., Rodriguez, A., Lukito, A., Saint-Joy, V., Pessah, G., Tuccillo, B., Cortese, G., Parodi, G., Bouraghda, M.A., Kedhi, E., Lamelas, P., Suryapranata, H., Nardin, M., and Verdoia, M.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext, OBJECTIVE: The initial data of the International Study on Acute Coronary Syndromes - ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction COVID-19 showed in Europe a remarkable reduction in primary percutaneous coronary intervention procedures and higher in-hospital mortality during the initial phase of the pandemic as compared with the prepandemic period. The aim of the current study was to provide the final results of the registry, subsequently extended outside Europe with a larger inclusion period (up to June 2020) and longer follow-up (up to 30 days). METHODS: This is a retrospective multicentre registry in 109 high-volume primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) centres from Europe, Latin America, South-East Asia and North Africa, enrolling 16 674 patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing PPPCI in March/June 2019 and 2020. The main study outcomes were the incidence of PPCI, delayed treatment (ischaemia time >12 hours and door-to-balloon >30 min), in-hospital and 30-day mortality. RESULTS: In 2020, during the pandemic, there was a significant reduction in PPCI as compared with 2019 (incidence rate ratio 0.843, 95% CI 0.825 to 0.861, p<0.0001). This reduction was significantly associated with age, being higher in older adults (>75 years) (p=0.015), and was not related to the peak of cases or deaths due to COVID-19. The heterogeneity among centres was high (p<0.001). Furthermore, the pandemic was associated with a significant increase in door-to-balloon time (40 (25-70) min vs 40 (25-64) min, p=0.01) and total ischaemia time (225 (135-410) min vs 196 (120-355) min, p<0.001), which may have contributed to the higher in-hospital (6.5% vs 5.3%, p<0.001) and 30-day (8% vs 6.5%, p=0.001) mortality observed during the pandemic. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous revascularisation for STEMI was significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, with a 16% reduction in PPCI procedures, especially among older patients (about 20%), and longer delays to treatmen

Published
2022

25. Pleistocene depositional environments and links to cryosphere-ocean interactions on the eastern Ross Sea continental slope, Antarctica (IODP Hole U1525A)

Author

King, Maxine V., Gales, Jenny A., Laberg, Jan Sverre, McKay, Robert M., De Santis, Laura, Kulhanek, Denise K., Hosegood, Phil J., Morris, Antony, Ash, Jeanine, Beny, F., Browne, Imogen, Cortese, G., Dodd, Justin P., Esper, Oliver, Harwood, D. M., Ishino, Saki, Keisling, B., Kim, S., Leckie, R. Mark, Müller, Juliane, Patterson, Molly O., Romans, Brian W., Romero, Oscar E., Sangiorgi, Francesca, Seki, Osamu, Shevenell, Amelia E., Singh, S., Cordeiro de Sousa, Isabela M., Sugisaki, Saiko T., van de Flierdt, Tina, van Peer, T. E., Xiao, Wenshen, Xiong, Zhifang, King, Maxine V., Gales, Jenny A., Laberg, Jan Sverre, McKay, Robert M., De Santis, Laura, Kulhanek, Denise K., Hosegood, Phil J., Morris, Antony, Ash, Jeanine, Beny, F., Browne, Imogen, Cortese, G., Dodd, Justin P., Esper, Oliver, Harwood, D. M., Ishino, Saki, Keisling, B., Kim, S., Leckie, R. Mark, Müller, Juliane, Patterson, Molly O., Romans, Brian W., Romero, Oscar E., Sangiorgi, Francesca, Seki, Osamu, Shevenell, Amelia E., Singh, S., Cordeiro de Sousa, Isabela M., Sugisaki, Saiko T., van de Flierdt, Tina, van Peer, T. E., Xiao, Wenshen, and Xiong, Zhifang

Abstract

The repeated proximity of West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) ice to the eastern Ross Sea continental shelf break during past ice age cycles has been inferred to directly influence sedimentary processes occurring on the continental slope, such as turbidity current and debris flow activity; thus, the records of these processes can be used to study the past history of the WAIS. Ross Sea slope sediments may additionally provide an archive on the history and interplay of density-driven or geostrophic oceanic bottom currents with ice-sheet-driven depositional mechanisms. We investigate the upper 121 m of Hole U1525A, collected during International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 374 in 2018. Hole U1525A is located on the southwestern external levee of the Hillary Canyon (Ross Sea, Antarctica) and the depositional lobe of the nearby trough-mouth fan. Using core descriptions, grain size analysis, and physical properties datasets, we develop a lithofacies scheme that allows construction of a detailed depositional model and environmental history of past ice sheet-ocean interactions at the eastern Ross Sea continental shelf break/slope since ~2.4 Ma. The earliest Pleistocene interval (~2.4- ~ 1.4 Ma) represents a hemipelagic environment dominated by ice-rafting and reworking/deposition by relatively persistent bottom current activity. Finely interlaminated silty muds with ice-rafted debris (IRD) layers are interpreted as contourites. Between ~1.4 and ~0.8 Ma, geostrophic bottom current activity was weaker and turbiditic processes more common, likely related to the increased proximity of grounded ice at the shelf edge. Silty, normally-graded laminations with sharp bases may be the result of flow-stripped turbidity currents overbanking the canyon levee during periods when ice was grounded at or proximal to the shelf edge. A sandy, IRD- and foraminifera-bearing interval dated to ~1.18 Ma potentially reflects warmer oceanographic conditions and a period of stronger Antarcti

Published
2022

26. Erratum: Airway management in anesthesia for thoracic surgery: a 'real life' observational study

Author

Muzzi, R., Morelli, A., Aresu, G., Pravisani, C., Brazzoni, M., Granzotti, S., Toretti, I., Barbariol, F., Battezzi, A., Cattaruzza, A., Rufolo, D., Comi, D., Del Grande, E., Rosboch, G. L., Cortese, G., Galietti, E., Melchiorri, C., Maietta, S., Micheletto, S., Pedrazzoli, R., Prizio, G., Belcio, W., Amodio, R., Cascella, M., Cuomo, A., Rocco, G., Melotti, R. M., Mazzoli, C. A., Zangrillo, A., Guarnieri, M., Fasciolo, A., Montagnani, L., Vigo, M., Cataldo, R., Galli, B., Nunziata, J., D'Amora, E., Roberto, M., Miano, M., Di Iorio, C., Leprotti, E., Girardi, G., Geat, E., Serra, E., Feltracco, P., Pittarello, D., Falasco, G., Casirani, R., Papagni, G., Rebuffoni, G., Langer, M., Melchionda, G., De Cristofaro, G., Bruno, K., Ruberto, F., Magnanimi, E., Bergantino, B., Apicella, A., Beretta, E., Delle Cave, M., Ferrario, M., Forastiere, E., Pierconti, F., Mastrobuono, F., Amici, S., Mastrantuono, A., Angeletti, P. M., Cammarota, E., Crisci, R., De Santis, S., Delor, F., Gagliardone, M. P., Paino, R., Buono, S., Nespoli, M. R., Rispoli, M., Esposito, M., Lorini, L. F., Sonzogni, V., Benigni, A., Berlot, G., Lucangelo, U., Bregant, G. M., Zornada, F., Martinello, I., Comuzzi, L., Crisman, M., and Casetta, A.

Published
2022

29. Copula Functions for Spatial Survival Data Analysis.

Author

Ebrahimi, N., Mohammadzadeh, M., and Cortese, G.

Subjects
SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry), COVID-19 pandemic, COPULA functions, DATA analysis, PARAMETER estimation
Abstract

Many survival data analyses aim to assess the effect of different risk factors on survival time. In some studies, the survival times are correlated, and the dependence between survival times is related to their spatial locations. Identifying and considering the dependence structure of data is essential in survival modeling. The copula functions are helpful tools for incorporating data dependencies. So, one may use these functions for modelling spatial survival data. This paper presents a model for spatial survival data by the Gumbel-Hougaard copula function. A two-stage estimator using a composite likelihood function is used to estimate regression and dependence parameters. A simulation study investigates the performance of the model. Finally, the proposed model is applied to model a set of COVID-19 data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023

33. POS1228 THE ROLE OF CHEST CT IN UNDERSTANDING INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE (ILD): SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS (SSc). VERSUS COVID-19

Author

Orlandi, M., primary, Landini, N., additional, Sambataro, G., additional, Nardi, C., additional, Bruni, C., additional, Bellando-Randone, S., additional, Denton, C., additional, Luppi, F., additional, Ruaro, B., additional, Tomassetti, S., additional, Cavigli, E., additional, Melchiorre, F., additional, Palmucci, S., additional, Guiducci, S., additional, Moggi Pignone, A., additional, Allanore, Y., additional, Bartoloni, A., additional, Confalonieri, M., additional, Cortese, G., additional, Dagna, L., additional, De Cobelli, F., additional, De Paulis, A., additional, Harari, S., additional, Khanna, D., additional, Kuwana, M., additional, Miele, V., additional, Taliani, G., additional, Hughes, M., additional, Vanchieri, C., additional, Colagrande, S., additional, and Matucci-Cerinic, M., additional

Published
2021
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34. A large West Antarctic Ice Sheet explains early Neogene sea-level amplitude

Author

Marschalek, J.W., Zurli, L., Talarico, F., van de Flierdt, T., Vermeesch, P., Carter, Andrew, Beny, F., Bout-Roumazeilles, V., Sangiorgi, F., Hemming, S.R., Pérez, L.F., Colleoni, F., Prebble, J.G., van Peer, T.E., Perotti, M., Shevenell, A.E., Browne, I., Kulhanek, D.K., Levy, R., Harwood, D., Sullivan, N.B., Meyers, S.R., Griffith, E.M., Hillenbrand, C.-D., Gasson, E., Siegert, M. J., Keisling, B., Licht, K. J., Kuhn, G., Dodd, J. P., Boshuis, C., De Santis, L., McKay, R. M., Ash, J., Browne, I.M., Cortese, G., Dodd, J.P., Esper, O.M., Gales, J.A., Harwood, D.M., Ishino, S., Keisling, B.A., Kim, S., Laberg, J.S., Leckie, R.M., McKay, R.M., Müller, J., Patterson, M.O., Romans, B.W., Romero, O.E., Seki, O., Singh, S.M., Cordeiro de Sousa, I.M., Sugisaki, S.T., Xiao, W., Xiong, Z., Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), White, M, and Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)

Subjects
LARGE IGNEOUS PROVINCE, Paleoclimate, General Science & Technology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], West Antarctic Ice Sheet, Early Miocene, Ross Sea, Antarctica, Paleoclimate, Antarctic Regions, Climate Models, WALLED DINOFLAGELLATE CYSTS, Sea Level Rise, CONTINENTAL-SHELF, MARIE-BYRD-LAND, Ross Sea, SOUTHERN VICTORIA LAND, MAGNETIZATION LOCK-IN, IODP Expedition 374, DETRITAL ZIRCONS, Ice Cover, Seawater, History, Ancient, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Early Miocene, Science & Technology, Multidisciplinary, West Antarctic Ice Sheet, Multidisciplinary Sciences, U-PB GEOCHRONOLOGY, es, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Science & Technology - Other Topics, CENTRAL TRANSANTARCTIC MOUNTAINS, Antarctica
Abstract

This version of the article has been accepted for publication, after peer review and is subject to Springer Nature’s AM terms of use, but is not the Version of Record and does not reflect post-acceptance improvements, or any corrections. The Version of Record is available online at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04148-0. Early to Middle Miocene sea-level oscillations of approximately 40–60 m estimated from far-field records1,2,3 are interpreted to reflect the loss of virtually all East Antarctic ice during peak warmth2. This contrasts with ice-sheet model experiments suggesting most terrestrial ice in East Antarctica was retained even during the warmest intervals of the Middle Miocene4,5. Data and model outputs can be reconciled if a large West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) existed and expanded across most of the outer continental shelf during the Early Miocene, accounting for maximum ice-sheet volumes. Here we provide the earliest geological evidence proving large WAIS expansions occurred during the Early Miocene (~17.72–17.40 Ma). Geochemical and petrographic data show glacimarine sediments recovered at International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Site U1521 in the central Ross Sea derive from West Antarctica, requiring the presence of a WAIS covering most of the Ross Sea continental shelf. Seismic, lithological and palynological data reveal the intermittent proximity of grounded ice to Site U1521. The erosion rate calculated from this sediment package greatly exceeds the long-term mean, implying rapid erosion of West Antarctica. This interval therefore captures a key step in the genesis of a marine-based WAIS and a tipping point in Antarctic ice-sheet evolution

Published
2021

36. Southwest Pacific Ocean response to a warmer world: Insights from marine isotope stage 5e

Author

Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Geología, Ciencias del Mar, Cortese, G., Dunbar, G. B., Carter, L., Scott, G., Bostock, H., Bowen, M., Crundwell, M., Hayward, B. W., Howard, W., Martinez, J. I., Moy, A., Neil, H., Sabaa, A., Sturm, A., Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Geología, Ciencias del Mar, Cortese, G., Dunbar, G. B., Carter, L., Scott, G., Bostock, H., Bowen, M., Crundwell, M., Hayward, B. W., Howard, W., Martinez, J. I., Moy, A., Neil, H., Sabaa, A., and Sturm, A.

Abstract

Paleoceanographic archives derived from 17 marine sediment cores reconstruct the response of the Southwest Pacific Ocean to the peak interglacial, Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5e (ca. 125 ka). Paleo-Sea Surface Temperature (SST) estimates were obtained from the Random Forest model - an ensemble decision tree tool - applied to core-top planktonic foraminiferal faunas calibrated to modern SSTs. The reconstructed geographic pattern of the SST anomaly (maximum SST between 120 and 132 ka minus mean modern SST) seems to indicate how MIS 5e conditions were generally warmer in the Southwest Pacific, especially in the western Tasman Sea where a strengthened East Australian Current (EAC) likely extended subtropical influence to ca. 45°S off Tasmania. In contrast, the eastern Tasman Sea may have had a modest cooling except around 45°S. The observed pattern resembles that developing under the present warming trend in the region. An increase in wind stress curl over the modern South Pacific is hypothesized to have spun-up the South Pacific Subtropical Gyre, with concurrent increase in subtropical flow in the western boundary currents that include the EAC. However, warmer temperatures along the Subtropical Front and Campbell Plateau to the south suggest that the relative influence of the boundary inflows to eastern New Zealand may have differed in MIS 5e, and these currents may have followed different paths compared to today. Key Points Oceanic conditions at 125 kyr seem to agree with recent observations/trendsEast Australian Current probably stronger and Tasman Front cooler during MIS 5eObserved oceanographic changes likely linked to increases in wind stress curl ©2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.

Published
2021

47. Summary of revised age assignments for ODP Leg 180

Author

Takahashi, K., primary, Cortese, G., additional, Frost, G.M., additional, Gerbaudo, S., additional, Goodliffe, A.M., additional, Ishikawa, N., additional, Lackschewitz, K.S., additional, Perembo, R.C.B., additional, Resig, J.M., additional, Siesser, W.G., additional, Taylor, B., additional, and Testa, M., additional

Published
2001
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48. Expedition 374 summary

Author

Marine palynology and palaeoceanography, Marine Palynology, McKay, R.M., De Santis, L., Kulhanek, D.K., Ash, J.L., Beny, F., Browne, I.M., Cortese, G., Cordeiro de Sousa, I.M., Dodd, J.P., Esper, O.M., Gales, J.A., Harwood, D.M., Ishino, Saki, Keisling, B.A., Kim, S., Laberg, Jan Sverre, Leckie, R. Mark, Müller, J., Patterson, M.O., Romans, B.W., Romero, O.E., Sangiorgi, F., Seki, O., Shevenell, Amelia, Singh, S.M., Sugisaki, S., van de Flierdt, T., Van Peer, Tim E., Xiao, W., Xiong, Z., Marine palynology and palaeoceanography, Marine Palynology, McKay, R.M., De Santis, L., Kulhanek, D.K., Ash, J.L., Beny, F., Browne, I.M., Cortese, G., Cordeiro de Sousa, I.M., Dodd, J.P., Esper, O.M., Gales, J.A., Harwood, D.M., Ishino, Saki, Keisling, B.A., Kim, S., Laberg, Jan Sverre, Leckie, R. Mark, Müller, J., Patterson, M.O., Romans, B.W., Romero, O.E., Sangiorgi, F., Seki, O., Shevenell, Amelia, Singh, S.M., Sugisaki, S., van de Flierdt, T., Van Peer, Tim E., Xiao, W., and Xiong, Z.

Published
2019

50. International ocean discovery program expedition 374 preliminary report: Ross sea west antarctic ice sheet history ocean-ice sheet interactions and west antarctic ice sheet vulnerability: Clues from the neogene and quaternary record of the outer ross sea continental margin

Author

McKay, RM, De Santis, L, Kulhanek, DK, Ash, JA, Beny, F, Browne, IB, Cortese, G, De Sousa, IMC, Dodd, JD, Esper, OE, Gales, JG, Harwood, DH, Ishino, S, Keisling, BK, Kim, S, Laberg, JS, Leckie, RM, Müller, J, Patterson, MP, Romans, BR, Romero, OR, Sangiorgi, F, Seki, O, Powell, JP, Shevenell, A, Singh, SS, Sugisaki, S, Van De Flierdt, T, Van Peer, TE, Xiao, W, and Xiong, Z

Abstract

The marine-based West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) is currently retreating due to shifting wind-driven oceanic currents that transport warm waters toward the ice margin, resulting in ice shelf thinning and accelerated mass loss of the WAIS. Previous results from geologic drilling on Antarctica's continental margins show significant variability in marine-based ice sheet extent during the late Neogene and Quaternary. Numerical models indicate a fundamental role for oceanic heat in controlling this variability over at least the past 20 My. Although evidence for past ice sheet variability has been collected in marginal settings, sedimentologic sequences from the outer continental shelf are required to evaluate the extent of past ice sheet variability and the associated oceanic forcings and feedbacks. International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 374 drilled a latitudinal and depth transect of five drill sites from the outer continental shelf to rise in the eastern Ross Sea to resolve the relationship between climatic and oceanic change and WAIS evolution through the Neogene and Quaternary. This location was selected because numerical ice sheet models indicate that this sector of Antarctica is highly sensitive to changes in ocean heat flux. The expedition was designed for optimal data-model integration and will enable an improved understanding of the sensitivity of Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) mass balance during warmer-than-present climates (e.g., the Pleistocene "super interglacials," the mid-Pliocene, and the late early to middle Miocene). The principal goals of Expedition 374 were to • Evaluate the contribution of West Antarctica to far-field ice volume and sea level estimates; • Reconstruct ice-proximal atmospheric and oceanic temperatures to identify past polar amplification and assess its forcings and feedbacks; • Assess the role of oceanic forcing (e.g., sea level and temperature) on AIS stability/instability; • Identify the sensitivity of the AIS to Earth's orbital configuration under a variety of climate boundary conditions; and • Reconstruct eastern Ross Sea paleobathymetry to examine relationships between seafloor geometry, ice sheet stability/instability, and global climate. To achieve these objectives, we will • Use data and models to reconcile intervals of maximum Neogene and Quaternary Antarctic ice advance with far-field records of eustatic sea level change; • Reconstruct past changes in oceanic and atmospheric temperatures using a multiproxy approach; • Reconstruct Neogene and Quaternary sea ice margin fluctuations in datable marine continental slope and rise records and correlate these records to existing inner continental shelf records; • Examine relationships among WAIS stability/instability, Earth's orbital configuration, oceanic temperature and circulation, and atmospheric pCO 2 ; and • Constrain the timing of Ross Sea continental shelf overdeepening and assess its impact on Neogene and Quaternary ice dynamics. Expedition 374 was carried out from January to March 2018, departing from Lyttelton, New Zealand. We recovered 1292.70 m of high-quality cores from five sites spanning the early Miocene to late Quaternary. Three sites were cored on the continental shelf (Sites U1521, U1522, and U1523). At Site U1521, we cored a 650 m thick sequence of interbedded diamictite, mudstone, and diatomite, penetrating the Ross Sea seismic Unconformity RSU4. The depositional reconstructions of past glacial and open-marine conditions at this site will provide unprecedented insight into environmental change on the Antarctic continental shelf during the early and middle Miocene. At Site U1522, we cored a discontinuous upper Miocene to Pleistocene sequence of glacial and glaciomarine strata from the outer shelf, with the primary objective to penetrate and date seismic Unconformity RSU3, which is interpreted to represent the first major continental shelf-wide expansion and coalescing of marine-based ice streams from both East and West Antarctica. At Site U1523, we cored a sediment drift located beneath the westerly flowing Antarctic Slope Current (ASC). Cores from this site will provide a record of the changing vigor of the ASC through time. Such a reconstruction will enable testing of the hypothesis that changes in the vigor of the ASC represent a key control on regulating heat flux onto the continental shelf, resulting in the ASC playing a fundamental role in ice sheet mass balance. We also cored two sites on the continental slope and rise. At Sit e U1524, we cored a Plio-Pleistocene sedimentary sequence on the continental rise on the levee of the Hillary Canyon, which is one of the largest conduits of Antarctic Bottom Water delivery from the Antarctic continental shelf into the abyssal ocean. Drilling at Site U1524 was intended to penetrate into middle Miocene and older strata but was initially interrupted by drifting sea ice that forced us to abandon coring in Hole U1524A at 399.5 m drilling depth below seafloor (DSF). We moved to a nearby alternate site on the continental slope (U1525) to core a single hole with a record complementary to the upper part of the section recovered at Site U1524. We returned to Site U1524 3 days later, after the sea ice cleared. W e then cored Hole U1524C with the rotary core barrel with the intention of reaching the target depth of 1000 m DSF. However, we were forced to terminate Hole U1524C at 441.9 m DSF due to a mechanical failure with the vessel that resulted in termination of all drilling operations and a return to Lyttelton 16 days earlier than scheduled. The loss of 39% of our operational days significantly impacted our ability to achieve all Expedition 374 objectives as originally planned. In particular, we were not able to obtain the deeper time record of the middle Miocene on the continental rise or abyssal sequences that would have provided a continuous and contemporaneous archive to the high-quality (but discontinuous) record from Site U1521 on the continental shelf. The mechanical failure also meant we could not recover sediment cores from proposed Site RSCR-19A, which was targeted to obtain a high-fidelity, continuous record of upper Neogene and Quaternary pelagic/hemipelagic sedimentation. Despite our failure to recover a shelf-to-rise transect for the Miocene, a continental shelf-to-rise transect for the Pliocene to Pleistocene interval is possible through comparison of the high-quality records from Site U1522 with those from Site U1525 an d legacy cores from the Antarctic Geological Drilling Project (ANDRILL).

Published
2018

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