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1,046 results on '"Corti, C."'

1. Breeding activity of the agile frog Rana dalmatina in a rural area

Author

Biaggini, M., Campetti, I., and Corti, C.

Subjects
Agriculture, Amphibians, Breeding sites, Conservation, Rana dalmatina, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

Rural landscapes can host many protected species that are constantly threatened by agriculture intensification and abandonment of traditional managements. Amphibians are severely affected by both processes due to loss and alteration of aquatic and terrestrial habitats. We monitored the breeding activity of Rana dalmatina in a lowland rural area focusing on spawning sites in open habitats, namely ditches amid traditional arable lands and pastures with varying vegetation features, size, and distances from woodlots. Egg clump density and clump size differed between sites, probably depending on environmental and ecological factors (i.e., larval competition, food availability, and predation). The sites next to woodlots showed the highest clump density (up to 0.718 n/m2). Our observations indicate that the maintenance and correct management of water bodies connected to traditional rural activities can be key to amphibian conservation in agricultural areas.

Published
2018

2. Reptile assemblages across agricultural landscapes: where does biodiversity hide?

Author

Biaggini, M. and Corti, C.

Subjects
Agriculture, Biodiversity, Buffer strips, Herpetofauna, Reptiles, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

The transition from traditional to intensive farming, aimed at large–scale production, has rapidly altered agricultural landscapes, leading to the reduction and fragmentation of natural habitats and to the consequent loss of biodiversity. Herpetofauna is seriously threatened by agriculture intensification worldwide, but less is known about its distribution in agro–ecosystems, especially at field scale. We analysed reptile abundance and diversity in eight agricultural and semi–natural land uses, and inside vegetated buffer strips interspersed among fields. Interestingly, most reptiles were recorded in the buffer strips while intensive crops and pastures hosted just one lizard species. Richness of individuals and species increased when strips were connected to semi–natural areas, independently of their width and vegetation structure. In view of our results, that highlight the role of minor landscape features for the presence of vertebrates in intensive agro–ecosystems, we recommend the implementation of buffer strips among the measures for vertebrate conservation in agricultural landscapes.

Published
2015

7. The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) on the international space station: Part II — Results from the first seven years

Author

Aguilar, M., Ali Cavasonza, L., Ambrosi, G., Arruda, L., Attig, N., Barao, F., Barrin, L., Bartoloni, A., Başeğmez-du Pree, S., Bates, J., Battiston, R., Behlmann, M., Beischer, B., Berdugo, J., Bertucci, B., Bindi, V., de Boer, W., Bollweg, K., Borgia, B., Boschini, M.J., Bourquin, M., Bueno, E.F., Burger, J., Burger, W.J., Burmeister, S., Cai, X.D., Capell, M., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cervelli, F., Chang, Y.H., Chen, G.M., Chen, H.S., Chen, Y., Cheng, L., Chou, H.Y., Chouridou, S., Choutko, V., Chung, C.H., Clark, C., Coignet, G., Consolandi, C., Contin, A., Corti, C., Cui, Z., Dadzie, K., Dai, Y.M., Delgado, C., Della Torre, S., Demirköz, M.B., Derome, L., Di Falco, S., Di Felice, V., Díaz, C., Dimiccoli, F., von Doetinchem, P., Dong, F., Donnini, F., Duranti, M., Egorov, A., Eline, A., Feng, J., Fiandrini, E., Fisher, P., Formato, V., Freeman, C., Galaktionov, Y., Gámez, C., García-López, R.J., Gargiulo, C., Gast, H., Gebauer, I., Gervasi, M., Giovacchini, F., Gómez-Coral, D.M., Gong, J., Goy, C., Grabski, V., Grandi, D., Graziani, M., Guo, K.H., Haino, S., Han, K.C., Hashmani, R.K., He, Z.H., Heber, B., Hsieh, T.H., Hu, J.Y., Huang, Z.C., Hungerford, W., Incagli, M., Jang, W.Y., Jia, Yi, Jinchi, H., Kanishev, K., Khiali, B., Kim, G.N., Kirn, Th., Konyushikhin, M., Kounina, O., Kounine, A., Koutsenko, V., Kuhlman, A., Kulemzin, A., La Vacca, G., Laudi, E., Laurenti, G., Lazzizzera, I., Lebedev, A., Lee, H.T., Lee, S.C., Leluc, C., Li, J.Q., Li, M., Li, Q., Li, S., Li, T.X., Li, Z.H., Light, C., Lin, C.H., Lippert, T., Liu, Z., Lu, S.Q., Lu, Y.S., Luebelsmeyer, K., Luo, J.Z., Lyu, S.S., Machate, F., Mañá, C., Marín, J., Marquardt, J., Martin, T., Martínez, G., Masi, N., Maurin, D., Menchaca-Rocha, A., Meng, Q., Mo, D.C., Molero, M., Mott, P., Mussolin, L., Ni, J.Q., Nikonov, N., Nozzoli, F., Oliva, A., Orcinha, M., Palermo, M., Palmonari, F., Paniccia, M., Pashnin, A., Pauluzzi, M., Pensotti, S., Phan, H.D., Plyaskin, V., Pohl, M., Porter, S., Qi, X.M., Qin, X., Qu, Z.Y., Quadrani, L., Rancoita, P.G., Rapin, D., Reina Conde, A., Rosier-Lees, S., Rozhkov, A., Rozza, D., Sagdeev, R., Schael, S., Schmidt, S.M., Schulz von Dratzig, A., Schwering, G., Seo, E.S., Shan, B.S., Shi, J.Y., Siedenburg, T., Solano, C., Song, J.W., Sonnabend, R., Sun, Q., Sun, Z.T., Tacconi, M., Tang, X.W., Tang, Z.C., Tian, J., Ting, Samuel C.C., Ting, S.M., Tomassetti, N., Torsti, J., Tüysüz, C., Urban, T., Usoskin, I., Vagelli, V., Vainio, R., Valente, E., Valtonen, E., Vázquez Acosta, M., Vecchi, M., Velasco, M., Vialle, J.P., Wang, L.Q., Wang, N.H., Wang, Q.L., Wang, S., Wang, X., Wang, Z.X., Wei, J., Weng, Z.L., Wu, H., Xiong, R.Q., Xu, W., Yan, Q., Yang, Y., Yi, H., Yu, Y.J., Yu, Z.Q., Zannoni, M., Zhang, C., Zhang, F., Zhang, F.Z., Zhang, J.H., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zheng, Z.M., Zhuang, H.L., Zhukov, V., Zichichi, A., Zimmermann, N., and Zuccon, P.

Published
2021
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10. Historical Silk: A Novel Method to Evaluate Degumming with Non-Invasive Infrared Spectroscopy and Spectral Deconvolution

Author

Geminiani, L, Campione, F, Canevali, C, Corti, C, Giussani, B, Gorla, G, Luraschi, M, Recchia, S, Rampazzi, L, Geminiani L., Campione F. P., Canevali C., Corti C., Giussani B., Gorla G., Luraschi M., Recchia S., Rampazzi L., Geminiani, L, Campione, F, Canevali, C, Corti, C, Giussani, B, Gorla, G, Luraschi, M, Recchia, S, Rampazzi, L, Geminiani L., Campione F. P., Canevali C., Corti C., Giussani B., Gorla G., Luraschi M., Recchia S., and Rampazzi L.

Abstract

To correctly manage a collection of historical silks, it is important to detect if the yarn has been originally subjected to degumming. This process is generally applied to eliminate sericin; the obtained fiber is named soft silk, in contrast with hard silk which is unprocessed. The distinction between hard and soft silk gives both historical information and useful indications for informed conservation. With this aim, 32 samples of silk textiles from traditional Japanese samurai armors (15th–20th century) were characterized in a non-invasive way. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy has been previously used to detect hard silk, but data interpretation is challenging. To overcome this difficulty, an innovative analytical protocol based on external reflection FTIR (ER-FTIR) spectroscopy was employed, coupled with spectral deconvolution and multivariate data analysis. The ER-FTIR technique is rapid, portable, and widely employed in the cultural heritage field, but rarely applied to the study of textiles. The ER-FTIR band assignment for silk was discussed for the first time. Then, the evaluation of the OH stretching signals allowed for a reliable distinction between hard and soft silk. Such an innovative point of view, which exploits a “weakness” of FTIR spectroscopy—the strong absorption from water molecules—to indirectly obtain the results, can have industrial applications too.

Published
2023

11. Properties of Cosmic-Ray Sulfur and Determination of the Composition of Primary Cosmic-Ray Carbon, Neon, Magnesium, and Sulfur: Ten-Year Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer

Author

Aguilar, M, Ali Cavasonza, L, Alpat, B, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Bagwell, C, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Başeğmez-du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Belyaev, N, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, Bollweg, K, Bolster, J, Borchiellini, M, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Dass, A, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirköz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Díaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Faldi, F, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Gámez, C, García-López, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gómez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Guracho, A, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Huang, B, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Karagöz, G, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Krasnopevtsev, D, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lavecchia, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, H, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, Z, Liang, J, Liang, M, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, J, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Luo, S, Luo, X, Machate, F, Mañá, C, Marín, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martínez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Medvedeva, T, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikhailov, V, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Negrete, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Ocampo-Peleteiro, J, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Ottupara, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Paniccia, M, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Plyaskin, V, Poluianov, S, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Reina Conde, A, Robyn, E, Romaneehsen, L, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, Schultz von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shan, B, Siedenburg, T, Song, J, Song, X, Sonnabend, R, Strigari, L, Su, T, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Tian, Y, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valencia-Otero, M, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vázquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Wu, Y, Xiao, J, Xiong, R, Xiong, X, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, H, Yang, Y, Yashin, I, Yelland, A, Yi, H, You, Y, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, C, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zuccon, P, Aguilar, M., Ali Cavasonza, L., Alpat, B., Ambrosi, G., Arruda, L., Attig, N., Bagwell, C., Barao, F., Barrin, L., Bartoloni, A., Başeğmez-du Pree, S., Battiston, R., Belyaev, N., Berdugo, J., Bertucci, B., Bindi, V., Bollweg, K., Bolster, J., Borchiellini, M., Borgia, B., Boschini, M. J., Bourquin, M., Bueno, E. F., Burger, J., Burger, W. J., Cai, X. D., Capell, M., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cervelli, F., Chang, Y. H., Chen, G. M., Chen, G. R., Chen, H., Chen, H. S., Chen, Y., Cheng, L., Chou, H. Y., Chouridou, S., Choutko, V., Chung, C. H., Clark, C., Coignet, G., Consolandi, C., Contin, A., Corti, C., Cui, Z., Dadzie, K., Dass, A., Delgado, C., Della Torre, S., Demirköz, M. B., Derome, L., Di Falco, S., Di Felice, V., Díaz, C., Dimiccoli, F., von Doetinchem, P., Dong, F., Donnini, F., Duranti, M., Egorov, A., Eline, A., Faldi, F., Feng, J., Fiandrini, E., Fisher, P., Formato, V., Gámez, C., García-López, R. J., Gargiulo, C., Gast, H., Gervasi, M., Giovacchini, F., Gómez-Coral, D. M., Gong, J., Goy, C., Grabski, V., Grandi, D., Graziani, M., Guracho, A. N., Haino, S., Han, K. C., Hashmani, R. K., He, Z. H., Heber, B., Hsieh, T. H., Hu, J. Y., Huang, B. W., Incagli, M., Jang, W. Y., Jia, Yi, Jinchi, H., Karagöz, G., Khiali, B., Kim, G. N., Kirn, Th., Kounina, O., Kounine, A., Koutsenko, V., Krasnopevtsev, D., Kuhlman, A., Kulemzin, A., La Vacca, G., Laudi, E., Laurenti, G., LaVecchia, G., Lazzizzera, I., Lee, H. T., Lee, S. C., Li, H. L., Li, J. Q., Li, M., Li, Q., Li, Q. Y., Li, S., Li, S. L., Li, J. H., Li, Z. H., Liang, J., Liang, M. J., Lin, C. H., Lippert, T., Liu, J. H., Lu, S. Q., Lu, Y. S., Luebelsmeyer, K., Luo, J. Z., Luo, S. D., Luo, Xi, Machate, F., Mañá, C., Marín, J., Marquardt, J., Martin, T., Martínez, G., Masi, N., Maurin, D., Medvedeva, T., Menchaca-Rocha, A., Meng, Q., Mikhailov, V. V., Molero, M., Mott, P., Mussolin, L., Negrete, J., Nikonov, N., Nozzoli, F., Ocampo-Peleteiro, J., Oliva, A., Orcinha, M., Ottupara, M. A., Palermo, M., Palmonari, F., Paniccia, M., Pashnin, A., Pauluzzi, M., Pensotti, S., Plyaskin, V., Poluianov, S., Qin, X., Qu, Z. Y., Quadrani, L., Rancoita, P. G., Rapin, D., Reina Conde, A., Robyn, E., Romaneehsen, L., Rozhkov, A., Rozza, D., Sagdeev, R., Schael, S., Schultz von Dratzig, A., Schwering, G., Seo, E. S., Shan, B. S., Siedenburg, T., Song, J. W., Song, X. J., Sonnabend, R., Strigari, L., Su, T., Sun, Q., Sun, Z. T., Tacconi, M., Tang, X. W., Tang, Z. C., Tian, J., Tian, Y., Ting, Samuel C. C., Ting, S. M., Tomassetti, N., Torsti, J., Urban, T., Usoskin, I., Vagelli, V., Vainio, R., Valencia-Otero, M., Valente, E., Valtonen, E., Vázquez Acosta, M., Vecchi, M., Velasco, M., Vialle, J. P., Wang, C. X., Wang, L., Wang, L. Q., Wang, N. H., Wang, Q. L., Wang, S., Wang, X., Wang, Yu, Wang, Z. M., Wei, J., Weng, Z. L., Wu, H., Wu, Y., Xiao, J. N., Xiong, R. Q., Xiong, X. Z., Xu, W., Yan, Q., Yang, H. T., Yang, Y., Yashin, I. I., Yelland, A., Yi, H., You, Y. H., Yu, Y. M., Yu, Z. Q., Zannoni, M., Zhang, C., Zhang, F., Zhang, F. Z., Zhang, J., Zhang, J. H., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zheng, C., Zheng, Z. M., Zhuang, H. L., Zhukov, V., Zichichi, A., Zuccon, P., Aguilar, M, Ali Cavasonza, L, Alpat, B, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Bagwell, C, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Başeğmez-du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Belyaev, N, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, Bollweg, K, Bolster, J, Borchiellini, M, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Dass, A, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirköz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Díaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Faldi, F, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Gámez, C, García-López, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gómez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Guracho, A, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Huang, B, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Karagöz, G, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Krasnopevtsev, D, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lavecchia, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, H, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, Z, Liang, J, Liang, M, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, J, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Luo, S, Luo, X, Machate, F, Mañá, C, Marín, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martínez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Medvedeva, T, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikhailov, V, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Negrete, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Ocampo-Peleteiro, J, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Ottupara, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Paniccia, M, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Plyaskin, V, Poluianov, S, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Reina Conde, A, Robyn, E, Romaneehsen, L, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, Schultz von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shan, B, Siedenburg, T, Song, J, Song, X, Sonnabend, R, Strigari, L, Su, T, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Tian, Y, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valencia-Otero, M, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vázquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Wu, Y, Xiao, J, Xiong, R, Xiong, X, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, H, Yang, Y, Yashin, I, Yelland, A, Yi, H, You, Y, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, C, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zuccon, P, Aguilar, M., Ali Cavasonza, L., Alpat, B., Ambrosi, G., Arruda, L., Attig, N., Bagwell, C., Barao, F., Barrin, L., Bartoloni, A., Başeğmez-du Pree, S., Battiston, R., Belyaev, N., Berdugo, J., Bertucci, B., Bindi, V., Bollweg, K., Bolster, J., Borchiellini, M., Borgia, B., Boschini, M. J., Bourquin, M., Bueno, E. F., Burger, J., Burger, W. J., Cai, X. D., Capell, M., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cervelli, F., Chang, Y. H., Chen, G. M., Chen, G. R., Chen, H., Chen, H. S., Chen, Y., Cheng, L., Chou, H. Y., Chouridou, S., Choutko, V., Chung, C. H., Clark, C., Coignet, G., Consolandi, C., Contin, A., Corti, C., Cui, Z., Dadzie, K., Dass, A., Delgado, C., Della Torre, S., Demirköz, M. B., Derome, L., Di Falco, S., Di Felice, V., Díaz, C., Dimiccoli, F., von Doetinchem, P., Dong, F., Donnini, F., Duranti, M., Egorov, A., Eline, A., Faldi, F., Feng, J., Fiandrini, E., Fisher, P., Formato, V., Gámez, C., García-López, R. J., Gargiulo, C., Gast, H., Gervasi, M., Giovacchini, F., Gómez-Coral, D. M., Gong, J., Goy, C., Grabski, V., Grandi, D., Graziani, M., Guracho, A. N., Haino, S., Han, K. C., Hashmani, R. K., He, Z. H., Heber, B., Hsieh, T. H., Hu, J. Y., Huang, B. W., Incagli, M., Jang, W. Y., Jia, Yi, Jinchi, H., Karagöz, G., Khiali, B., Kim, G. N., Kirn, Th., Kounina, O., Kounine, A., Koutsenko, V., Krasnopevtsev, D., Kuhlman, A., Kulemzin, A., La Vacca, G., Laudi, E., Laurenti, G., LaVecchia, G., Lazzizzera, I., Lee, H. T., Lee, S. C., Li, H. L., Li, J. Q., Li, M., Li, Q., Li, Q. Y., Li, S., Li, S. L., Li, J. H., Li, Z. H., Liang, J., Liang, M. J., Lin, C. H., Lippert, T., Liu, J. H., Lu, S. Q., Lu, Y. S., Luebelsmeyer, K., Luo, J. Z., Luo, S. D., Luo, Xi, Machate, F., Mañá, C., Marín, J., Marquardt, J., Martin, T., Martínez, G., Masi, N., Maurin, D., Medvedeva, T., Menchaca-Rocha, A., Meng, Q., Mikhailov, V. V., Molero, M., Mott, P., Mussolin, L., Negrete, J., Nikonov, N., Nozzoli, F., Ocampo-Peleteiro, J., Oliva, A., Orcinha, M., Ottupara, M. A., Palermo, M., Palmonari, F., Paniccia, M., Pashnin, A., Pauluzzi, M., Pensotti, S., Plyaskin, V., Poluianov, S., Qin, X., Qu, Z. Y., Quadrani, L., Rancoita, P. G., Rapin, D., Reina Conde, A., Robyn, E., Romaneehsen, L., Rozhkov, A., Rozza, D., Sagdeev, R., Schael, S., Schultz von Dratzig, A., Schwering, G., Seo, E. S., Shan, B. S., Siedenburg, T., Song, J. W., Song, X. J., Sonnabend, R., Strigari, L., Su, T., Sun, Q., Sun, Z. T., Tacconi, M., Tang, X. W., Tang, Z. C., Tian, J., Tian, Y., Ting, Samuel C. C., Ting, S. M., Tomassetti, N., Torsti, J., Urban, T., Usoskin, I., Vagelli, V., Vainio, R., Valencia-Otero, M., Valente, E., Valtonen, E., Vázquez Acosta, M., Vecchi, M., Velasco, M., Vialle, J. P., Wang, C. X., Wang, L., Wang, L. Q., Wang, N. H., Wang, Q. L., Wang, S., Wang, X., Wang, Yu, Wang, Z. M., Wei, J., Weng, Z. L., Wu, H., Wu, Y., Xiao, J. N., Xiong, R. Q., Xiong, X. Z., Xu, W., Yan, Q., Yang, H. T., Yang, Y., Yashin, I. I., Yelland, A., Yi, H., You, Y. H., Yu, Y. M., Yu, Z. Q., Zannoni, M., Zhang, C., Zhang, F., Zhang, F. Z., Zhang, J., Zhang, J. H., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zheng, C., Zheng, Z. M., Zhuang, H. L., Zhukov, V., Zichichi, A., and Zuccon, P.

Abstract

We report the properties of primary cosmic-ray sulfur (S) in the rigidity range 2.15 GV to 3.0 TV based on 0.38×106 sulfur nuclei collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer experiment (AMS). We observed that above 90 GV the rigidity dependence of the S flux is identical to the rigidity dependence of Ne-Mg-Si fluxes, which is different from the rigidity dependence of the He-C-O-Fe fluxes. We found that, similar to N, Na, and Al cosmic rays, over the entire rigidity range, the traditional primary cosmic rays S, Ne, Mg, and C all have sizeable secondary components, and the S, Ne, and Mg fluxes are well described by the weighted sum of the primary silicon flux and the secondary fluorine flux, and the C flux is well described by the weighted sum of the primary oxygen flux and the secondary boron flux. The primary and secondary contributions of the traditional primary cosmic-ray fluxes of C, Ne, Mg, and S (even Z elements) are distinctly different from the primary and secondary contributions of the N, Na, and Al (odd Z elements) fluxes. The abundance ratio at the source for S/Si is 0.167±0.006, for Ne/Si is 0.833±0.025, for Mg/Si is 0.994±0.029, and for C/O is 0.836±0.025. These values are determined independent of cosmic-ray propagation.

Published
2023

15. 212P Real-world progression-free survival 2 with CDK4/6 inhibitors plus endocrine therapy and subsequent line: Results from the multicenter SISTER study

Author

Morganti, S., primary, Gandini, S., additional, Nicolo, E., additional, Zattarin, E., additional, Corti, C., additional, Verrazzo, A., additional, Giachetti, P.P.M. Berton, additional, Sposetti, C., additional, Razeti, M.G., additional, Salimbeni, B. Taurelli, additional, Boldrini, L., additional, Schianca, A. Carnevale, additional, Caputo, R., additional, Vernieri, C., additional, Munzone, E., additional, Lambertini, M., additional, De Laurentiis, M., additional, Viale, G., additional, Curigliano, G., additional, and Criscitiello, C., additional

Published
2023
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18. Species diversity and distribution of amphibians and reptiles in Sardinia, Italy

Author

Corti, C, Biaggini, M, Nulchis, V, Cogoni, R, Cossu, Im, Frau, S, Mulargia, M, Lunghi, E, and Bassu, L

Subjects
amphibians, endemics, micro-insular herpetofauna, Sardinia, reptiles, islands, distribution maps, Animal Science and Zoology
Abstract

Although distribution databases are a dynamic tool, continuously updated, it is important to take “snapshots” of the species distribution over time to promptly identify potential conservation issues. With this work, we provide an update of the distribution of amphibians and reptiles in Sardinia and satellite islands. Data derive from both direct field observations (carried out since 2005 until July 2022) and literature, accounting for over 7000 records: 1416 records of 11 species of amphibians and 5600 records of 18 species of reptiles. Distribution maps (on 10 × 10 km UTM grid) of 29 species are provided in supplementary materials as well as the updated list of the amphibians and reptiles occurring in the circum-Sardinian islands. Most of the meshes were characterized by the presence of 1-3 amphibian species (73%) and 6-8 or 9-11 reptile species (32% with 6-8 species, 30% with 9-11 species). Species abundance was favoured by environmental heterogeneity, and mostly varied in relation to elevation range and edge density.

Published
2022

19. Temporal Structures in Electron Spectra and Charge Sign Effects in Galactic Cosmic Rays

Author

Aguilar, M., Cavasonza, L. Ali, Battiston, R., Kuhlman, A., Kulemzin, A., La Vacca, G., Laudi, E., Laurenti, G., LaVecchia, G., Lazzizzera, I., Lee, H. T., Lee, S. C., Li, H. L., Behlmann, M., Li, J. Q., Li, M., Li, Q., Li, Q. Y., Li, S., Li, S. L., Li, J. H., Li, Z. H., Liang, J., Liang, M. J., Belyaev, N., Light, C., Lin, C. H., Lippert, T., Liu, J. H., Lu, S. Q., Lu, Y. S., Luebelsmeyer, K., Luo, J. Z., Luo, Xi, Machate, F., Berdugo, J., Mañá, C., Marín, J., Marquardt, J., Martin, T., Martínez, G., Masi, N., Maurin, D., Medvedeva, T., Menchaca-Rocha, A., Meng, Q., Bertucci, B., Mikhailov, V. V., Molero, M., Mott, P., Mussolin, L., Negrete, J., Nikonov, N., Nozzoli, F., Ocampo-Peleteiro, J., Oliva, A., Orcinha, M., Bindi, V., Palermo, M., Palmonari, F., Paniccia, M., Pashnin, A., Pauluzzi, M., Pensotti, S., Plyaskin, V., Pohl, M., Poluianov, S., Qin, X., Bollweg, K., Qu, Z. Y., Quadrani, L., Rancoita, P. G., Rapin, D., Conde, A. Reina, Robyn, E., Rosier-Lees, S., Rozhkov, A., Rozza, D., Sagdeev, R., Bolster, J., Schael, S., von Dratzig, A. Schultz, Schwering, G., Seo, E. S., Shan, B. S., Siedenburg, T., Song, J. W., Song, X. J., Sonnabend, R., Strigari, L., Borgia, B., Su, T., Sun, Q., Sun, Z. T., Tacconi, M., Tang, X. W., Tang, Z. C., Tian, J., Ting, Samuel C. C., Ting, S. M., Tomassetti, N., Boschini, M. J., Torsti, J., Urban, T., Usoskin, I., Vagelli, V., Vainio, R., Valencia-Otero, M., Valente, E., Valtonen, E., Vázquez Acosta, M., Vecchi, M., Ambrosi, G., Bourquin, M., Velasco, M., Vialle, J. P., Wang, C. X., Wang, L., Wang, L. Q., Wang, N. H., Wang, Q. L., Wang, S., Wang, X., Wang, Yu, Bueno, E. F., Wang, Z. M., Wei, J., Weng, Z. L., Wu, H., Xiong, R. Q., Xu, W., Yan, Q., Yang, Y., Yashin, I. I., Yelland, A., Burger, J., Yi, H., Yu, Y. M., Yu, Z. Q., Zannoni, M., Zhang, C., Zhang, F., Zhang, F. Z., Zhang, J. H., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Burger, W. J., Zheng, C., Zheng, Z. M., Zhuang, H. L., Zhukov, V., Zichichi, A., Zuccon, P., Burmeister, S., Cai, X. D., Capell, M., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cervelli, F., Arruda, L., Chang, Y. H., Chen, G. M., Chen, G. R., Chen, H. S., Chen, Y., Cheng, L., Chou, H. Y., Chouridou, S., Choutko, V., Chung, C. H., Attig, N., Clark, C., Coignet, G., Consolandi, C., Contin, A., Corti, C., Cui, Z., Dadzie, K., Dass, A., Delgado, C., Della Torre, S., Bagwell, C., Demirköz, M. B., Derome, L., Di Falco, S., Di Felice, V., Díaz, C., Dimiccoli, F., von Doetinchem, P., Dong, F., Donnini, F., Duranti, M., Barao, F., Egorov, A., Eline, A., Faldi, F., Feng, J., Fiandrini, E., Fisher, P., Formato, V., Freeman, C., Gámez, C., García-López, R. J., Barrin, L., Gargiulo, C., Gast, H., Gervasi, M., Giovacchini, F., Gómez-Coral, D. M., Gong, J., Goy, C., Grabski, V., Grandi, D., Graziani, M., Bartoloni, A., Guracho, A. N., Haino, S., Han, K. C., Hashmani, R. K., He, Z. H., Heber, B., Hsieh, T. H., Hu, J. Y., Incagli, M., Jang, W. Y., Başeğmez-du Pree, S., Jia, Yi, Jinchi, H., Karagöz, G., Khiali, B., Kim, G. N., Kirn, Th., Kounina, O., Kounine, A., Koutsenko, V., Krasnopevtsev, D., Aguilar, M, Cavasonza, L, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Bagwell, C, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Başeğmez-du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Behlmann, M, Belyaev, N, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, Bollweg, K, Bolster, J, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Dass, A, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirköz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Díaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Faldi, F, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Gámez, C, García-López, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gómez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Guracho, A, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Karagöz, G, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Krasnopevtsev, D, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lavecchia, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, H, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, Z, Liang, J, Liang, M, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, J, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Luo, X, Machate, F, Mañá, C, Marín, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martínez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Medvedeva, T, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikhailov, V, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Negrete, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Ocampo-Peleteiro, J, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Paniccia, M, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Poluianov, S, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Conde, A, Robyn, E, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shan, B, Siedenburg, T, Song, J, Song, X, Sonnabend, R, Strigari, L, Su, T, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valencia-Otero, M, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vázquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yashin, I, Yelland, A, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, C, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, and Zuccon, P

Subjects
Astrophysics and Astronomy, FIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA, FIS/01 - FISICA SPERIMENTALE, solar modulation, ddc:530, cosmic rays electron
Abstract

We present the precision measurements of 11 years of daily cosmic electron fluxes in the rigidity interval from 1.00 to 41.9 GV based on 2.0×108 electrons collected with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) aboard the International Space Station. The electron fluxes exhibit variations on multiple timescales. Recurrent electron flux variations with periods of 27 days, 13.5 days, and 9 days are observed. We find that the electron fluxes show distinctly different time variations from the proton fluxes. Remarkably, a hysteresis between the electron flux and the proton flux is observed with a significance of greater than 6σ at rigidities below 8.5 GV. Furthermore, significant structures in the electron-proton hysteresis are observed corresponding to sharp structures in both fluxes. This continuous daily electron data provide unique input to the understanding of the charge sign dependence of cosmic rays over an 11-year solar cycle.

Published
2023

20. Properties of Cosmic-Ray Sulfur and Determination of the Composition of Primary Cosmic-Ray Carbon, Neon, Magnesium, and Sulfur: Ten-Year Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer

Author

Aguilar, M., Ali Cavasonza, L., Alpat, B., Ambrosi, G., Arruda, L., Attig, N., Bagwell, C., Barao, F., Barrin, L., Bartoloni, A., Başeğmez-du Pree, S., Battiston, R., Belyaev, N., Berdugo, J., Bertucci, B., Bindi, V., Bollweg, K., Bolster, J., Borchiellini, M., Borgia, B., Boschini, M. J., Bourquin, M., Bueno, E. F., Burger, J., Burger, W. J., Cai, X. D., Capell, M., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cervelli, F., Chang, Y. H., Chen, G. M., Chen, G. R., Chen, H., Chen, H. S., Chen, Y., Cheng, L., Chou, H. Y., Chouridou, S., Choutko, V., Chung, C. H., Clark, C., Coignet, G., Consolandi, C., Contin, A., Corti, C., Cui, Z., Dadzie, K., Dass, A., Delgado, C., Della Torre, S., Demirköz, M. B., Derome, L., Di Falco, S., Di Felice, V., Díaz, C., Dimiccoli, F., von Doetinchem, P., Dong, F., Donnini, F., Duranti, M., Egorov, A., Eline, A., Faldi, F., Feng, J., Fiandrini, E., Fisher, P., Formato, V., Gámez, C., García-López, R. J., Gargiulo, C., Gast, H., Gervasi, M., Giovacchini, F., Gómez-Coral, D. M., Gong, J., Goy, C., Grabski, V., Grandi, D., Graziani, M., Guracho, A. N., Haino, S., Han, K. C., Hashmani, R. K., He, Z. H., Heber, B., Hsieh, T. H., Hu, J. Y., Huang, B. W., Incagli, M., Jang, W. Y., Jia, Yi, Jinchi, H., Karagöz, G., Khiali, B., Kim, G. N., Kirn, Th., Kounina, O., Kounine, A., Koutsenko, V., Krasnopevtsev, D., Kuhlman, A., Kulemzin, A., La Vacca, G., Laudi, E., Laurenti, G., LaVecchia, G., Lazzizzera, I., Lee, H. T., Lee, S. C., Li, H. L., Li, J. Q., Li, M., Li, Q., Li, Q. Y., Li, S., Li, S. L., Li, J. H., Li, Z. H., Liang, J., Liang, M. J., Lin, C. H., Lippert, T., Liu, J. H., Lu, S. Q., Lu, Y. S., Luebelsmeyer, K., Luo, J. Z., Luo, S. D., Luo, Xi, Machate, F., Mañá, C., Marín, J., Marquardt, J., Martin, T., Martínez, G., Masi, N., Maurin, D., Medvedeva, T., Menchaca-Rocha, A., Meng, Q., Mikhailov, V. V., Molero, M., Mott, P., Mussolin, L., Negrete, J., Nikonov, N., Nozzoli, F., Ocampo-Peleteiro, J., Oliva, A., Orcinha, M., Ottupara, M. A., Palermo, M., Palmonari, F., Paniccia, M., Pashnin, A., Pauluzzi, M., Pensotti, S., Plyaskin, V., Poluianov, S., Qin, X., Qu, Z. Y., Quadrani, L., Rancoita, P. G., Rapin, D., Reina Conde, A., Robyn, E., Romaneehsen, L., Rozhkov, A., Rozza, D., Sagdeev, R., Schael, S., Schultz von Dratzig, A., Schwering, G., Seo, E. S., Shan, B. S., Siedenburg, T., Song, J. W., Song, X. J., Sonnabend, R., Strigari, L., Su, T., Sun, Q., Sun, Z. T., Tacconi, M., Tang, X. W., Tang, Z. C., Tian, J., Tian, Y., Ting, Samuel C. C., Ting, S. M., Tomassetti, N., Torsti, J., Urban, T., Usoskin, I., Vagelli, V., Vainio, R., Valencia-Otero, M., Valente, E., Valtonen, E., Vázquez Acosta, M., Vecchi, M., Velasco, M., Vialle, J. P., Wang, C. X., Wang, L., Wang, L. Q., Wang, N. H., Wang, Q. L., Wang, S., Wang, X., Wang, Yu, Wang, Z. M., Wei, J., Weng, Z. L., Wu, H., Wu, Y., Xiao, J. N., Xiong, R. Q., Xiong, X. Z., Xu, W., Yan, Q., Yang, H. T., Yang, Y., Yashin, I. I., Yelland, A., Yi, H., You, Y. H., Yu, Y. M., Yu, Z. Q., Zannoni, M., Zhang, C., Zhang, F., Zhang, F. Z., Zhang, J., Zhang, J. H., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zheng, C., Zheng, Z. M., Zhuang, H. L., Zhukov, V., Zichichi, A., Zuccon, P., Aguilar, M, Ali Cavasonza, L, Alpat, B, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Bagwell, C, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Başeğmez-du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Belyaev, N, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, Bollweg, K, Bolster, J, Borchiellini, M, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Dass, A, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirköz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Díaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Faldi, F, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Gámez, C, García-López, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gómez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Guracho, A, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Huang, B, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Karagöz, G, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Krasnopevtsev, D, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lavecchia, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, H, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, Z, Liang, J, Liang, M, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, J, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Luo, S, Luo, X, Machate, F, Mañá, C, Marín, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martínez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Medvedeva, T, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikhailov, V, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Negrete, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Ocampo-Peleteiro, J, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Ottupara, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Paniccia, M, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Plyaskin, V, Poluianov, S, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Reina Conde, A, Robyn, E, Romaneehsen, L, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, Schultz von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shan, B, Siedenburg, T, Song, J, Song, X, Sonnabend, R, Strigari, L, Su, T, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Tian, Y, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valencia-Otero, M, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vázquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Wu, Y, Xiao, J, Xiong, R, Xiong, X, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, H, Yang, Y, Yashin, I, Yelland, A, Yi, H, You, Y, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, C, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, and Zuccon, P

Subjects
FIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA, Astrophysics and Astronomy, FIS/01 - FISICA SPERIMENTALE, Cosmic rays
Abstract

We report the properties of primary cosmic-ray sulfur (S) in the rigidity range 2.15 GV to 3.0 TV based on 0.38 × 106 sulfur nuclei collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer experiment (AMS). We observed that above 90 GV the rigidity dependence of the S flux is identical to the rigidity dependence of Ne-Mg-Si fluxes, which is different from the rigidity dependence of the He-C-O-Fe fluxes. We found that, similar to N, Na, and Al cosmic rays, over the entire rigidity range, the traditional primary cosmic rays S, Ne, Mg, and C all have sizeable secondary components, and the S, Ne, and Mg fluxes are well described by the weighted sum of the primary silicon flux and the secondary fluorine flux, and the C flux is well described by the weighted sum of the primary oxygen flux and the secondary boron flux. The primary and secondary contributions of the traditional primary cosmic-ray fluxes of C, Ne, Mg, and S (even Z elements) are distinctly different from the primary and secondary contributions of the N, Na, and Al (odd Z elements) fluxes. The abundance ratio at the source for S/Si is 0.167±0.006, for Ne/Si is 0.833±0.025, for Mg/Si is 0.994±0.029, and for C/O is 0.836±0.025. These values are determined independent of cosmic-ray propagation.

Published
2023

21. Properties of Cosmic Aluminum Nuclei: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer

Author

Liu, Z, Paniccia, M, Zhang, C, Aguilar, M, Ali Cavasonza, L, Alpat, B, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Basegmez-Du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Behlmann, M, Beranek, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, Bollweg, K, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirkoz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Diaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Gamez, C, Garcia-Lopez, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gomez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Konyushikhin, M, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Krasnopevtsev, D, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, Z, Liang, J, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, J, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Luo, X, Machate, F, Mana, C, Marin, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martinez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Medvedeva, T, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikhailov, V, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Negrete, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Phan, H, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Poluianov, S, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Reina Conde, A, Robyn, E, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shakfa, Z, Shan, B, Siedenburg, T, Solano, C, Song, J, Song, X, Sonnabend, R, Strigari, L, Su, T, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Tuysuz, C, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valencia-Otero, M, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yashin, I, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, C, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zuccon, P, Liu Z., Paniccia M., Zhang C., Aguilar M., Ali Cavasonza L., Alpat B., Ambrosi G., Arruda L., Attig N., Barao F., Barrin L., Bartoloni A., Basegmez-Du Pree S., Battiston R., Behlmann M., Beranek B., Berdugo J., Bertucci B., Bindi V., Bollweg K., Borgia B., Boschini M. J., Bourquin M., Bueno E. F., Burger J., Burger W. J., Burmeister S., Cai X. D., Capell M., Casaus J., Castellini G., Cervelli F., Chang Y. H., Chen G. M., Chen G. R., Chen H. S., Chen Y., Cheng L., Chou H. Y., Chouridou S., Choutko V., Chung C. H., Clark C., Coignet G., Consolandi C., Contin A., Corti C., Cui Z., Dadzie K., Delgado C., Della Torre S., Demirkoz M. B., Derome L., Di Falco S., Di Felice V., Diaz C., Dimiccoli F., von Doetinchem P., Dong F., Donnini F., Duranti M., Egorov A., Eline A., Feng J., Fiandrini E., Fisher P., Formato V., Freeman C., Gamez C., Garcia-Lopez R. J., Gargiulo C., Gast H., Gervasi M., Giovacchini F., Gomez-Coral D. M., Gong J., Goy C., Grabski V., Grandi D., Graziani M., Haino S., Han K. C., Hashmani R. K., He Z. H., Heber B., Hsieh T. H., Hu J. Y., Incagli M., Jang W. Y., Jia Y., Jinchi H., Khiali B., Kim G. N., Kirn Th., Konyushikhin M., Kounina O., Kounine A., Koutsenko V., Krasnopevtsev D., Kuhlman A., Kulemzin A., La Vacca G., Laudi E., Laurenti G., Lazzizzera I., Lebedev A., Lee H. T., Lee S. C., Li J. Q., Li M., Li Q., Li S., Li J. H., Li Z. H., Liang J., Light C., Lin C. H., Lippert T., Liu J. H., Lu S. Q., Lu Y. S., Luebelsmeyer K., Luo J. Z., Luo X., Machate F., Mana C., Marin J., Marquardt J., Martin T., Martinez G., Masi N., Maurin D., Medvedeva T., Menchaca-Rocha A., Meng Q., Mikhailov V. V., Molero M., Mott P., Mussolin L., Negrete J., Nikonov N., Nozzoli F., Oliva A., Orcinha M., Palermo M., Palmonari F., Pashnin A., Pauluzzi M., Pensotti S., Phan H. D., Plyaskin V., Pohl M., Poluianov S., Qin X., Qu Z. Y., Quadrani L., Rancoita P. G., Rapin D., Reina Conde A., Robyn E., Rosier-Lees S., Rozhkov A., Rozza D., Sagdeev R., Schael S., von Dratzig A. S., Schwering G., Seo E. S., Shakfa Z., Shan B. S., Siedenburg T., Solano C., Song J. W., Song X. J., Sonnabend R., Strigari L., Su T., Sun Q., Sun Z. T., Tacconi M., Tang X. W., Tang Z. C., Tian J., Ting S. C. C., Ting S. M., Tomassetti N., Torsti J., Tuysuz C., Urban T., Usoskin I., Vagelli V., Vainio R., Valencia-Otero M., Valente E., Valtonen E., Acosta M. V., Vecchi M., Velasco M., Vialle J. P., Wang C. X., Wang L., Wang L. Q., Wang N. H., Wang Q. L., Wang S., Wang X., Wang Y., Wang Z. M., Wei J., Weng Z. L., Wu H., Xiong R. Q., Xu W., Yan Q., Yang Y., Yashin I. I., Yi H., Yu Y. M., Yu Z. Q., Zannoni M., Zhang F., Zhang F. Z., Zhang J. H., Zhang Z., Zhao F., Zheng C., Zheng Z. M., Zhuang H. L., Zhukov V., Zichichi A., Zuccon P., Liu, Z, Paniccia, M, Zhang, C, Aguilar, M, Ali Cavasonza, L, Alpat, B, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Basegmez-Du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Behlmann, M, Beranek, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, Bollweg, K, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirkoz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Diaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Gamez, C, Garcia-Lopez, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gomez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Konyushikhin, M, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Krasnopevtsev, D, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, Z, Liang, J, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, J, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Luo, X, Machate, F, Mana, C, Marin, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martinez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Medvedeva, T, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikhailov, V, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Negrete, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Phan, H, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Poluianov, S, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Reina Conde, A, Robyn, E, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shakfa, Z, Shan, B, Siedenburg, T, Solano, C, Song, J, Song, X, Sonnabend, R, Strigari, L, Su, T, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Tuysuz, C, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valencia-Otero, M, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yashin, I, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, C, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zuccon, P, Liu Z., Paniccia M., Zhang C., Aguilar M., Ali Cavasonza L., Alpat B., Ambrosi G., Arruda L., Attig N., Barao F., Barrin L., Bartoloni A., Basegmez-Du Pree S., Battiston R., Behlmann M., Beranek B., Berdugo J., Bertucci B., Bindi V., Bollweg K., Borgia B., Boschini M. J., Bourquin M., Bueno E. F., Burger J., Burger W. J., Burmeister S., Cai X. D., Capell M., Casaus J., Castellini G., Cervelli F., Chang Y. H., Chen G. M., Chen G. R., Chen H. S., Chen Y., Cheng L., Chou H. Y., Chouridou S., Choutko V., Chung C. H., Clark C., Coignet G., Consolandi C., Contin A., Corti C., Cui Z., Dadzie K., Delgado C., Della Torre S., Demirkoz M. B., Derome L., Di Falco S., Di Felice V., Diaz C., Dimiccoli F., von Doetinchem P., Dong F., Donnini F., Duranti M., Egorov A., Eline A., Feng J., Fiandrini E., Fisher P., Formato V., Freeman C., Gamez C., Garcia-Lopez R. J., Gargiulo C., Gast H., Gervasi M., Giovacchini F., Gomez-Coral D. M., Gong J., Goy C., Grabski V., Grandi D., Graziani M., Haino S., Han K. C., Hashmani R. K., He Z. H., Heber B., Hsieh T. H., Hu J. Y., Incagli M., Jang W. Y., Jia Y., Jinchi H., Khiali B., Kim G. N., Kirn Th., Konyushikhin M., Kounina O., Kounine A., Koutsenko V., Krasnopevtsev D., Kuhlman A., Kulemzin A., La Vacca G., Laudi E., Laurenti G., Lazzizzera I., Lebedev A., Lee H. T., Lee S. C., Li J. Q., Li M., Li Q., Li S., Li J. H., Li Z. H., Liang J., Light C., Lin C. H., Lippert T., Liu J. H., Lu S. Q., Lu Y. S., Luebelsmeyer K., Luo J. Z., Luo X., Machate F., Mana C., Marin J., Marquardt J., Martin T., Martinez G., Masi N., Maurin D., Medvedeva T., Menchaca-Rocha A., Meng Q., Mikhailov V. V., Molero M., Mott P., Mussolin L., Negrete J., Nikonov N., Nozzoli F., Oliva A., Orcinha M., Palermo M., Palmonari F., Pashnin A., Pauluzzi M., Pensotti S., Phan H. D., Plyaskin V., Pohl M., Poluianov S., Qin X., Qu Z. Y., Quadrani L., Rancoita P. G., Rapin D., Reina Conde A., Robyn E., Rosier-Lees S., Rozhkov A., Rozza D., Sagdeev R., Schael S., von Dratzig A. S., Schwering G., Seo E. S., Shakfa Z., Shan B. S., Siedenburg T., Solano C., Song J. W., Song X. J., Sonnabend R., Strigari L., Su T., Sun Q., Sun Z. T., Tacconi M., Tang X. W., Tang Z. C., Tian J., Ting S. C. C., Ting S. M., Tomassetti N., Torsti J., Tuysuz C., Urban T., Usoskin I., Vagelli V., Vainio R., Valencia-Otero M., Valente E., Valtonen E., Acosta M. V., Vecchi M., Velasco M., Vialle J. P., Wang C. X., Wang L., Wang L. Q., Wang N. H., Wang Q. L., Wang S., Wang X., Wang Y., Wang Z. M., Wei J., Weng Z. L., Wu H., Xiong R. Q., Xu W., Yan Q., Yang Y., Yashin I. I., Yi H., Yu Y. M., Yu Z. Q., Zannoni M., Zhang F., Zhang F. Z., Zhang J. H., Zhang Z., Zhao F., Zheng C., Zheng Z. M., Zhuang H. L., Zhukov V., Zichichi A., and Zuccon P.

Abstract

We report the properties of aluminum (Al) nuclei in cosmic rays measured in the rigidity range 2.15 GV to 3.0 TV with 0.51 million nuclei collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer experiment on the International Space Station. We observed that above 6 GV the Al spectrum is well described by the weighted sum of the silicon spectrum (primary cosmic rays) and the fluorine spectrum (secondary cosmic rays). The fraction of the primary component increases with rigidity and becomes dominant at highest rigidities. Al/Si abundance ratio at the source is determined independent of cosmic ray propagation.

Published
2022

22. Observation of Z>2 trapped nuclei by AMS on ISS

Author

Giovacchini, F, Oliva, A, Valencia-Otero, M, Aguilar, M, Ali Cavasonza, L, Allen, M, Alpat, B, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Basegmez-Du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Behlmann, M, Beranek, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, Bollweg, K, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirkoz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Diaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Galaktionov, Y, Gamez, C, Garcia-Lopez, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gervasi, M, Gomez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Kanishev, K, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Konyushikhin, M, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, Z, Liang, J, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, J, Liu, Z, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Luo, X, Lyu, S, Machate, F, Mana, C, Marin, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martinez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikhailov, V, Mo, D, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Negrete, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Paniccia, M, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Phan, H, Piandani, R, Plyaskin, V, Poluianov, S, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Reina Conde, A, Robyn, E, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, Schulz von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shakfa, Z, Shan, B, Siedenburg, T, Song, J, Song, X, Sonnabend, R, Strigari, L, Su, T, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Tuysuz, C, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vazquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yashin, I, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, C, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zuccon, P, Giovacchini F., Oliva A., Valencia-Otero M., Aguilar M., Ali Cavasonza L., Allen M. S., Alpat B., Ambrosi G., Arruda L., Attig N., Barao F., Barrin L., Bartoloni A., Basegmez-Du Pree S., Battiston R., Behlmann M., Beranek B., Berdugo J., Bertucci B., Bindi V., Bollweg K., Borgia B., Boschini M. J., Bourquin M., Bueno E. F., Burger J., Burger W. J., Burmeister S., Cai X. D., Capell M., Casaus J., Castellini G., Cervelli F., Chang Y. H., Chen G. M., Chen G. R., Chen H. S., Chen Y., Cheng L., Chou H. Y., Chouridou S., Choutko V., Chung C. H., Clark C., Coignet G., Consolandi C., Contin A., Corti C., Cui Z., Dadzie K., Delgado C., Della Torre S., Demirkoz M. B., Derome L., Di Falco S., Di Felice V., Diaz C., Dimiccoli F., von Doetinchem P., Dong F., Donnini F., Duranti M., Egorov A., Eline A., Feng J., Fiandrini E., Fisher P., Formato V., Freeman C., Galaktionov Y., Gamez C., Garcia-Lopez R. J., Gargiulo C., Gast H., Gervasi M., Gomez-Coral D. M., Gong J., Goy C., Grabski V., Grandi D., Graziani M., Haino S., Han K. C., Hashmani R. K., He Z. H., Heber B., Hsieh T. H., Hu J. Y., Incagli M., Jang W. Y., Jia Y., Jinchi H., Kanishev K., Khiali B., Kim G. N., Kirn Th., Konyushikhin M., Kounina O., Kounine A., Koutsenko V., Kuhlman A., Kulemzin A., La Vacca G., Laudi E., Laurenti G., Lazzizzera I., Lebedev A., Lee H. T., Lee S. C., Li J. Q., Li M., Li Q., Li S., Li J. H., Li Z. H., Liang J., Light C., Lin C. H., Lippert T., Liu J. H., Liu Z., Lu S. Q., Lu Y. S., Luebelsmeyer K., Luo J. Z., Luo X., Lyu S. S., Machate F., Mana C., Marin J., Marquardt J., Martin T., Martinez G., Masi N., Maurin D., Menchaca-Rocha A., Meng Q., Mikhailov V. V., Mo D. C., Molero M., Mott P., Mussolin L., Negrete J., Nikonov N., Nozzoli F., Orcinha M., Palermo M., Palmonari F., Paniccia M., Pashnin A., Pauluzzi M., Pensotti S., Phan H. D., Piandani R., Plyaskin V., Poluianov S., Qin X., Qu Z. Y., Quadrani L., Rancoita P. G., Rapin D., Reina Conde A., Robyn E., Rosier-Lees S., Rozhkov A., Rozza D., Sagdeev R., Schael S., Schulz von Dratzig A., Schwering G., Seo E. S., Shakfa Z., Shan B. S., Siedenburg T., Song J. W., Song X. J., Sonnabend R., Strigari L., Su T., Sun Q., Sun Z. T., Tacconi M., Tang X. W., Tang Z. C., Tian J., Ting S. C. C., Ting S. M., Tomassetti N., Torsti J., Tuysuz C., Urban T., Usoskin I., Vagelli V., Vainio R., Valente E., Valtonen E., Vazquez Acosta M., Vecchi M., Velasco M., Vialle J. P., Wang C. X., Wang L., Wang L. Q., Wang N. H., Wang Q. L., Wang S., Wang X., Wang Y., Wang Z. M., Wei J., Weng Z. L., Wu H., Xiong R. Q., Xu W., Yan Q., Yang Y., Yashin I. I., Yi H., Yu Y. M., Yu Z. Q., Zannoni M., Zhang C., Zhang F., Zhang F. Z., Zhang J. H., Zhang Z., Zhao F., Zheng C., Zheng Z. M., Zhuang H. L., Zhukov V., Zichichi A., Zuccon P., Giovacchini, F, Oliva, A, Valencia-Otero, M, Aguilar, M, Ali Cavasonza, L, Allen, M, Alpat, B, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Basegmez-Du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Behlmann, M, Beranek, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, Bollweg, K, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirkoz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Diaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Galaktionov, Y, Gamez, C, Garcia-Lopez, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gervasi, M, Gomez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Kanishev, K, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Konyushikhin, M, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, Z, Liang, J, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, J, Liu, Z, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Luo, X, Lyu, S, Machate, F, Mana, C, Marin, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martinez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikhailov, V, Mo, D, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Negrete, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Paniccia, M, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Phan, H, Piandani, R, Plyaskin, V, Poluianov, S, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Reina Conde, A, Robyn, E, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, Schulz von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shakfa, Z, Shan, B, Siedenburg, T, Song, J, Song, X, Sonnabend, R, Strigari, L, Su, T, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Tuysuz, C, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vazquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yashin, I, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, C, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zuccon, P, Giovacchini F., Oliva A., Valencia-Otero M., Aguilar M., Ali Cavasonza L., Allen M. S., Alpat B., Ambrosi G., Arruda L., Attig N., Barao F., Barrin L., Bartoloni A., Basegmez-Du Pree S., Battiston R., Behlmann M., Beranek B., Berdugo J., Bertucci B., Bindi V., Bollweg K., Borgia B., Boschini M. J., Bourquin M., Bueno E. F., Burger J., Burger W. J., Burmeister S., Cai X. D., Capell M., Casaus J., Castellini G., Cervelli F., Chang Y. H., Chen G. M., Chen G. R., Chen H. S., Chen Y., Cheng L., Chou H. Y., Chouridou S., Choutko V., Chung C. H., Clark C., Coignet G., Consolandi C., Contin A., Corti C., Cui Z., Dadzie K., Delgado C., Della Torre S., Demirkoz M. B., Derome L., Di Falco S., Di Felice V., Diaz C., Dimiccoli F., von Doetinchem P., Dong F., Donnini F., Duranti M., Egorov A., Eline A., Feng J., Fiandrini E., Fisher P., Formato V., Freeman C., Galaktionov Y., Gamez C., Garcia-Lopez R. J., Gargiulo C., Gast H., Gervasi M., Gomez-Coral D. M., Gong J., Goy C., Grabski V., Grandi D., Graziani M., Haino S., Han K. C., Hashmani R. K., He Z. H., Heber B., Hsieh T. H., Hu J. Y., Incagli M., Jang W. Y., Jia Y., Jinchi H., Kanishev K., Khiali B., Kim G. N., Kirn Th., Konyushikhin M., Kounina O., Kounine A., Koutsenko V., Kuhlman A., Kulemzin A., La Vacca G., Laudi E., Laurenti G., Lazzizzera I., Lebedev A., Lee H. T., Lee S. C., Li J. Q., Li M., Li Q., Li S., Li J. H., Li Z. H., Liang J., Light C., Lin C. H., Lippert T., Liu J. H., Liu Z., Lu S. Q., Lu Y. S., Luebelsmeyer K., Luo J. Z., Luo X., Lyu S. S., Machate F., Mana C., Marin J., Marquardt J., Martin T., Martinez G., Masi N., Maurin D., Menchaca-Rocha A., Meng Q., Mikhailov V. V., Mo D. C., Molero M., Mott P., Mussolin L., Negrete J., Nikonov N., Nozzoli F., Orcinha M., Palermo M., Palmonari F., Paniccia M., Pashnin A., Pauluzzi M., Pensotti S., Phan H. D., Piandani R., Plyaskin V., Poluianov S., Qin X., Qu Z. Y., Quadrani L., Rancoita P. G., Rapin D., Reina Conde A., Robyn E., Rosier-Lees S., Rozhkov A., Rozza D., Sagdeev R., Schael S., Schulz von Dratzig A., Schwering G., Seo E. S., Shakfa Z., Shan B. S., Siedenburg T., Song J. W., Song X. J., Sonnabend R., Strigari L., Su T., Sun Q., Sun Z. T., Tacconi M., Tang X. W., Tang Z. C., Tian J., Ting S. C. C., Ting S. M., Tomassetti N., Torsti J., Tuysuz C., Urban T., Usoskin I., Vagelli V., Vainio R., Valente E., Valtonen E., Vazquez Acosta M., Vecchi M., Velasco M., Vialle J. P., Wang C. X., Wang L., Wang L. Q., Wang N. H., Wang Q. L., Wang S., Wang X., Wang Y., Wang Z. M., Wei J., Weng Z. L., Wu H., Xiong R. Q., Xu W., Yan Q., Yang Y., Yashin I. I., Yi H., Yu Y. M., Yu Z. Q., Zannoni M., Zhang C., Zhang F., Zhang F. Z., Zhang J. H., Zhang Z., Zhao F., Zheng C., Zheng Z. M., Zhuang H. L., Zhukov V., Zichichi A., and Zuccon P.

Abstract

The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02) is a high energy particle physics experiment operating continuously aboard the International Space Station (ISS) since the 19th of May of 2011. A component of trapped Z>2 ions located in the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) has been detected traversing the instrument both in down-going and up-going directions.

Published
2022

23. Avelumab plus axitinib in unresectable or metastatic type B3 thymomas and thymic carcinomas (CAVEATT): a single-arm, multicentre, phase 2 trial

Author

Conforti, F, Zucali, P, Pala, L, Catania, C, Bagnardi, V, Sala, I, Della Vigna, P, Perrino, M, Zagami, P, Corti, C, Stucchi, S, Barberis, M, Guerini-Rocco, E, Di Venosa, B, De Vincenzo, F, Cordua, N, Santoro, A, Giaccone, G, Martino De Pas, T, Conforti F., Zucali P. A., Pala L., Catania C., Bagnardi V., Sala I., Della Vigna P., Perrino M., Zagami P., Corti C., Stucchi S., Barberis M., Guerini-Rocco E., Di Venosa B., De Vincenzo F., Cordua N., Santoro A., Giaccone G., Martino De Pas T., Conforti, F, Zucali, P, Pala, L, Catania, C, Bagnardi, V, Sala, I, Della Vigna, P, Perrino, M, Zagami, P, Corti, C, Stucchi, S, Barberis, M, Guerini-Rocco, E, Di Venosa, B, De Vincenzo, F, Cordua, N, Santoro, A, Giaccone, G, Martino De Pas, T, Conforti F., Zucali P. A., Pala L., Catania C., Bagnardi V., Sala I., Della Vigna P., Perrino M., Zagami P., Corti C., Stucchi S., Barberis M., Guerini-Rocco E., Di Venosa B., De Vincenzo F., Cordua N., Santoro A., Giaccone G., and Martino De Pas T.

Abstract

Background: Patients with advanced type B3 thymoma and thymic carcinoma resistant to chemotherapy have few treatment options. We report the efficacy and safety results of the combination of the anti-PD-L1 inhibitor avelumab with the anti-angiogenesis drug axitinib in patients with advanced type B3 thymoma and thymic carcinoma. Methods: CAVEATT was a single-arm, multicentre, phase 2 trial, conducted in two Italian centres (the European Instituteof Oncology and the Humanitas Institute, Milan) in patients with histologically confirmed type B3 thymoma or thymic carcinoma, with advanced stage of disease who had progressed after at least one line of platinum-based chemotherapy. Previous treatment with an anti-angiogenesis drug was allowed but not with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Other inclusion criteria were age 18 years or older, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0–2, progressive disease, and presence of measurable disease according to Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumours (RECIST) version 1.1. Patients received avelumab 10 mg/kg intravenously every 2 weeks and axitinib 5 mg orally twice daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was the centrally assessed overall response rate according to RECIST version 1.1. Patients who received at least one cycle of treatment and had at least one CT scan after treatment start at scheduled time point by protocol were judged assessable for response and were included in efficacy and safety analyses. This study is registered with EUDRACT, 2017–004048–38; enrolment is completed and follow-up is ongoing. Findings: Between April 22, 2019, and June 30, 2021, 32 patients were enrolled. 27 patients had a thymic carcinoma, three a type B3 thymoma, and two a mixed type B3 thymoma and thymic carcinoma. 29 (91%) of 32 patients had stage IVB disease and 13 (41%) of 32 had been pretreated with an anti-angiogenesis drug. 11 of 32 patients had an overall response; thus the overall

Published
2022

24. Properties of Iron Primary Cosmic Rays: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer

Author

Chen, Y, Paniccia, M, Aguilar, M, Ali Cavasonza, L, Allen, M, Alpat, B, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Basegmez-Du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Behlmann, M, Beischer, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, de Boer, W, Bollweg, K, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirkoz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Diaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Galaktionov, Y, Gamez, C, Garcia-Lopez, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gomez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Kanishev, K, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Konyushikhin, M, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, Z, Liang, J, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, J, Liu, Z, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Luo, X, Lyu, S, Machate, F, Mana, C, Marin, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martinez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikhailov, V, Mo, D, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Negrete, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Phan, H, Piandani, R, Plyaskin, V, Poluianov, S, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Reina Conde, A, Robyn, E, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shakfa, Z, Shan, B, Siedenburg, T, Solano, C, Song, J, Song, X, Sonnabend, R, Strigari, L, Su, T, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Tuysuz, C, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valencia-Otero, M, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vazquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yashin, I, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, C, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zimmermann, N, Zuccon, P, Chen Y., Paniccia M., Aguilar M., Ali Cavasonza L., Allen M. S., Alpat B., Ambrosi G., Arruda L., Attig N., Barao F., Barrin L., Bartoloni A., Basegmez-Du Pree S., Battiston R., Behlmann M., Beischer B., Berdugo J., Bertucci B., Bindi V., de Boer W., Bollweg K., Borgia B., Boschini M. J., Bourquin M., Bueno E. F., Burger J., Burger W. J., Burmeister S., Cai X. D., Capell M., Casaus J., Castellini G., Cervelli F., Chang Y. H., Chen G. M., Chen G. R., Chen H. S., Cheng L., Chou H. Y., Chouridou S., Choutko V., Chung C. H., Clark C., Coignet G., Consolandi C., Contin A., Corti C., Cui Z., Dadzie K., Delgado C., Della Torre S., Demirkoz M. B., Derome L., Di Falco S., Di Felice V., Diaz C., Dimiccoli F., von Doetinchem P., Dong F., Donnini F., Duranti M., Egorov A., Eline A., Feng J., Fiandrini E., Fisher P., Formato V., Freeman C., Galaktionov Y., Gamez C., Garcia-Lopez R. J., Gargiulo C., Gast H., Gervasi M., Giovacchini F., Gomez-Coral D. M., Gong J., Goy C., Grabski V., Grandi D., Graziani M., Haino S., Han K. C., Hashmani R. K., He Z. H., Heber B., Hsieh T. H., Hu J. Y., Incagli M., Jang W. Y., Jia Y., Jinchi H., Kanishev K., Khiali B., Kim G. N., Kirn Th., Konyushikhin M., Kounina O., Kounine A., Koutsenko V., Kuhlman A., Kulemzin A., La Vacca G., Laudi E., Laurenti G., Lazzizzera I., Lebedev A., Lee H. T., Lee S. C., Li J. Q., Li M., Li Q., Li S., Li J. H., Li Z. H., Liang J., Light C., Lin C. H., Lippert T., Liu J. H., Liu Z., Lu S. Q., Lu Y. S., Luebelsmeyer K., Luo J. Z., Luo X., Lyu S. S., Machate F., Mana C., Marin J., Marquardt J., Martin T., Martinez G., Masi N., Maurin D., Menchaca-Rocha A., Meng Q., Mikhailov V. V., Mo D. C., Molero M., Mott P., Mussolin L., Negrete J., Nikonov N., Nozzoli F., Oliva A., Orcinha M., Palermo M., Palmonari F., Pashnin A., Pauluzzi M., Pensotti S., Phan H. D., Piandani R., Plyaskin V., Poluianov S., Qin X., Qu Z. Y., Quadrani L., Rancoita P. G., Rapin D., Reina Conde A., Robyn E., Rosier-Lees S., Rozhkov A., Rozza D., Sagdeev R., Schael S., von Dratzig A. S., Schwering G., Seo E. S., Shakfa Z., Shan B. S., Siedenburg T., Solano C., Song J. W., Song X. J., Sonnabend R., Strigari L., Su T., Sun Q., Sun Z. T., Tacconi M., Tang X. W., Tang Z. C., Tian J., Ting S. C. C., Ting S. M., Tomassetti N., Torsti J., Tuysuz C., Urban T., Usoskin I., Vagelli V., Vainio R., Valencia-Otero M., Valente E., Valtonen E., Vazquez Acosta M., Vecchi M., Velasco M., Vialle J. P., Wang C. X., Wang L., Wang L. Q., Wang N. H., Wang Q. L., Wang S., Wang X., Wang Y., Wang Z. M., Wei J., Weng Z. L., Wu H., Xiong R. Q., Xu W., Yan Q., Yang Y., Yashin I. I., Yi H., Yu Y. M., Yu Z. Q., Zannoni M., Zhang C., Zhang F., Zhang F. Z., Zhang J. H., Zhang Z., Zhao F., Zheng C., Zheng Z. M., Zhuang H. L., Zhukov V., Zichichi A., Zimmermann N., Zuccon P., Chen, Y, Paniccia, M, Aguilar, M, Ali Cavasonza, L, Allen, M, Alpat, B, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Basegmez-Du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Behlmann, M, Beischer, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, de Boer, W, Bollweg, K, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirkoz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Diaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Galaktionov, Y, Gamez, C, Garcia-Lopez, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gomez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Kanishev, K, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Konyushikhin, M, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, Z, Liang, J, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, J, Liu, Z, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Luo, X, Lyu, S, Machate, F, Mana, C, Marin, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martinez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikhailov, V, Mo, D, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Negrete, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Phan, H, Piandani, R, Plyaskin, V, Poluianov, S, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Reina Conde, A, Robyn, E, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shakfa, Z, Shan, B, Siedenburg, T, Solano, C, Song, J, Song, X, Sonnabend, R, Strigari, L, Su, T, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Tuysuz, C, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valencia-Otero, M, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vazquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yashin, I, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, C, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zimmermann, N, Zuccon, P, Chen Y., Paniccia M., Aguilar M., Ali Cavasonza L., Allen M. S., Alpat B., Ambrosi G., Arruda L., Attig N., Barao F., Barrin L., Bartoloni A., Basegmez-Du Pree S., Battiston R., Behlmann M., Beischer B., Berdugo J., Bertucci B., Bindi V., de Boer W., Bollweg K., Borgia B., Boschini M. J., Bourquin M., Bueno E. F., Burger J., Burger W. J., Burmeister S., Cai X. D., Capell M., Casaus J., Castellini G., Cervelli F., Chang Y. H., Chen G. M., Chen G. R., Chen H. S., Cheng L., Chou H. Y., Chouridou S., Choutko V., Chung C. H., Clark C., Coignet G., Consolandi C., Contin A., Corti C., Cui Z., Dadzie K., Delgado C., Della Torre S., Demirkoz M. B., Derome L., Di Falco S., Di Felice V., Diaz C., Dimiccoli F., von Doetinchem P., Dong F., Donnini F., Duranti M., Egorov A., Eline A., Feng J., Fiandrini E., Fisher P., Formato V., Freeman C., Galaktionov Y., Gamez C., Garcia-Lopez R. J., Gargiulo C., Gast H., Gervasi M., Giovacchini F., Gomez-Coral D. M., Gong J., Goy C., Grabski V., Grandi D., Graziani M., Haino S., Han K. C., Hashmani R. K., He Z. H., Heber B., Hsieh T. H., Hu J. Y., Incagli M., Jang W. Y., Jia Y., Jinchi H., Kanishev K., Khiali B., Kim G. N., Kirn Th., Konyushikhin M., Kounina O., Kounine A., Koutsenko V., Kuhlman A., Kulemzin A., La Vacca G., Laudi E., Laurenti G., Lazzizzera I., Lebedev A., Lee H. T., Lee S. C., Li J. Q., Li M., Li Q., Li S., Li J. H., Li Z. H., Liang J., Light C., Lin C. H., Lippert T., Liu J. H., Liu Z., Lu S. Q., Lu Y. S., Luebelsmeyer K., Luo J. Z., Luo X., Lyu S. S., Machate F., Mana C., Marin J., Marquardt J., Martin T., Martinez G., Masi N., Maurin D., Menchaca-Rocha A., Meng Q., Mikhailov V. V., Mo D. C., Molero M., Mott P., Mussolin L., Negrete J., Nikonov N., Nozzoli F., Oliva A., Orcinha M., Palermo M., Palmonari F., Pashnin A., Pauluzzi M., Pensotti S., Phan H. D., Piandani R., Plyaskin V., Poluianov S., Qin X., Qu Z. Y., Quadrani L., Rancoita P. G., Rapin D., Reina Conde A., Robyn E., Rosier-Lees S., Rozhkov A., Rozza D., Sagdeev R., Schael S., von Dratzig A. S., Schwering G., Seo E. S., Shakfa Z., Shan B. S., Siedenburg T., Solano C., Song J. W., Song X. J., Sonnabend R., Strigari L., Su T., Sun Q., Sun Z. T., Tacconi M., Tang X. W., Tang Z. C., Tian J., Ting S. C. C., Ting S. M., Tomassetti N., Torsti J., Tuysuz C., Urban T., Usoskin I., Vagelli V., Vainio R., Valencia-Otero M., Valente E., Valtonen E., Vazquez Acosta M., Vecchi M., Velasco M., Vialle J. P., Wang C. X., Wang L., Wang L. Q., Wang N. H., Wang Q. L., Wang S., Wang X., Wang Y., Wang Z. M., Wei J., Weng Z. L., Wu H., Xiong R. Q., Xu W., Yan Q., Yang Y., Yashin I. I., Yi H., Yu Y. M., Yu Z. Q., Zannoni M., Zhang C., Zhang F., Zhang F. Z., Zhang J. H., Zhang Z., Zhao F., Zheng C., Zheng Z. M., Zhuang H. L., Zhukov V., Zichichi A., Zimmermann N., and Zuccon P.

Abstract

We report the observation of new properties of primary iron (Fe) cosmic rays in the rigidity range 2.65 GV to 3.0 TV with 0.62 million iron nuclei collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer experiment on the International Space Station. Above 80.5 GV the rigidity dependence of the cosmic ray Fe flux is identical to the rigidity dependence of the primary cosmic ray He, C, and O fluxes, with the Fe/O flux ratio being constant at 0.155±0.006. This shows that unexpectedly Fe and He, C, and O belong to the same class of primary cosmic rays which is different from the primary cosmic rays Ne, Mg, and Si class.

Published
2022

25. Temporal structures in electron spectra and charge sign effects in galactic cosmic rays

Author

Aguilar, M. (M.), Cavasonza, L. A. (L. Ali), Ambrosi, G. (G.), Arruda, L. (L.), Attig, N. (N.), Bagwell, C. (C.), Barao, F. (F.), Barrin, L. (L.), Bartoloni, A. (A.), Basegmez-du Pree, S. (S.), Battiston, R. (R.), Behlmann, M. (M.), Belyaev, N. (N.), Berdugo, J. (J.), Bertucci, B. (B.), Bindi, V. (V.), Bollweg, K. (K.), Bolster, J. (J.), Borgia, B. (B.), Boschini, M. J. (M. J.), Bourquin, M. (M.), Bueno, E. F. (E. F.), Burger, J. (J.), Burger, W. J. (W. J.), Burmeister, S. (S.), Cai, X. D. (X. D.), Capell, M. (M.), Casaus, J. (J.), Castellini, G. (G.), Cervelli, F. (F.), Chang, Y. H. (Y. H.), Chen, G. M. (G. M.), Chen, G. R. (G. R.), Chen, H. S. (H. S.), Chen, Y. (Y.), Cheng, L. (L.), Chou, H. Y. (H. Y.), Chouridou, S. (S.), Choutko, V. (V.), Chung, C. H. (C. H.), Clark, C. (C.), Coignet, G. (G.), Consolandi, C. (C.), Contin, A. (A.), Corti, C. (C.), Cui, Z. (Z.), Dadzie, K. (K.), Dass, A. (A.), Delgado, C. (C.), Della Torre, S. (S.), Demirkoez, M. B. (M. B.), Derome, L. (L.), Di Falco, S. (S.), Di Felice, V. (V.), Diaz, C. (C.), Dimiccoli, F. (F.), von Doetinchem, P. (P.), Dong, F. (F.), Donnini, F. (F.), Duranti, M. (M.), Egorov, A. (A.), Eline, A. (A.), Faldi, F. (F.), Feng, J. (J.), Fiandrini, E. (E.), Fisher, P. (P.), Formato, V. (V.), Freeman, C. (C.), Gamez, C. (C.), Garcia-Lopez, R. J. (R. J.), Gargiulo, C. (C.), Gast, H. (H.), Gervasi, M. (M.), Giovacchini, F. (F.), Gomez-Coral, D. M. (D. M.), Gong, J. (J.), Goy, C. (C.), Grabski, V. (V.), Grandi, D. (D.), Graziani, M. (M.), Guracho, A. N. (A. N.), Haino, S. (S.), Han, K. C. (K. C.), Hashmani, R. K. (R. K.), He, Z. H. (Z. H.), Heber, B. (B.), Hsieh, T. H. (T. H.), Hu, J. Y. (J. Y.), Incagli, M. (M.), Jang, W. Y. (W. Y.), Jia, Y. (Yi), Jinchi, H. (H.), Karagoez, G. (G.), Khiali, B. (B.), Kim, G. N. (G. N.), Kirn, T. (Th.), Kounina, O. (O.), Kounine, A. (A.), Koutsenko, V. (V.), Krasnopevtsev, D. (D.), Kuhlman, A. (A.), Kulemzin, A. (A.), La Vacca, G. (G.), Laudi, E. (E.), Laurenti, G. (G.), LaVecchia, G. (G.), Lazzizzera, I. (I.), Lee, H. T. (H. T.), Lee, S. C. (S. C.), Li, H. L. (H. L.), Li, J. Q. (J. Q.), Li, M. (M.), Li, Q. (Q.), Li, Q. Y. (Q. Y.), Li, S. (S.), Li, S. L. (S. L.), Li, J. H. (J. H.), Li, Z. H. (Z. H.), Liang, J. (J.), Liang, M. J. (M. J.), Light, C. (C.), Lin, C. H. (C. H.), Lippert, T. (T.), Liu, J. H. (J. H.), Lu, S. Q. (S. Q.), Lu, Y. S. (Y. S.), Luebelsmeyer, K. (K.), Luo, J. Z. (J. Z.), Luo, X. (Xi), Machate, F. (F.), Mana, C. (C.), Marin, J. (J.), Marquardt, J. (J.), Martin, T. (T.), Martinez, G. (G.), Masi, N. (N.), Maurin, D. (D.), Medvedeva, T. (T.), Menchaca-Rocha, A. (A.), Meng, Q. (Q.), Mikhailov, V. V. (V. V.), Molero, M. (M.), Mott, P. (P.), Mussolin, L. (L.), Negrete, J. (J.), Nikonov, N. (N.), Nozzoli, F. (F.), Ocampo-Peleteiro, J. (J.), Oliva, A. (A.), Orcinha, M. (M.), Palermo, M. (M.), Palmonari, F. (F.), Paniccia, M. (M.), Pashnin, A. (A.), Pauluzzi, M. (M.), Pensotti, S. (S.), Plyaskin, V. (V.), Pohl, M. (M.), Poluianov, S. (S.), Qin, X. (X.), Qu, Z. Y. (Z. Y.), Quadrani, L. (L.), Rancoita, P. G. (P. G.), Rapin, D. (D.), Conde, A. R. (A. Reina), Robyn, E. (E.), Rosier-Lees, S. (S.), Rozhkov, A. (A.), Rozza, D. (D.), Sagdeev, R. (R.), Schael, S. (S.), von Dratzig, A. S. (A. Schultz), Schwering, G. (G.), Seo, E. S. (E. S.), Shan, B. S. (B. S.), Siedenburg, T. (T.), Song, J. W. (J. W.), Song, X. J. (X. J.), Sonnabend, R. (R.), Strigari, L. (L.), Su, T. (T.), Sun, Q. (Q.), Sun, Z. T. (Z. T.), Tacconi, M. (M.), Tang, X. W. (X. W.), Tang, Z. C. (Z. C.), Tian, J. (J.), Ting, S. C. (Samuel C. C.), Ting, S. M. (S. M.), Tomassetti, N. (N.), Torsti, J. (J.), Urban, T. (T.), Usoskin, I. (I.), Vagelli, V. (V.), Vainio, R. (R.), Valencia-Otero, M. (M.), Valente, E. (E.), Valtonen, E. (E.), Acosta, M. V. (M. Vazquez), Vecchi, M. (M.), Velasco, M. (M.), Vialle, J. P. (J. P.), Wang, C. X. (C. X.), Wang, L. (L.), Wang, L. Q. (L. Q.), Wang, N. H. (N. H.), Wang, Q. L. (Q. L.), Wang, S. (S.), Wang, X. (X.), Wang, Y. (Yu), Wang, Z. M. (Z. M.), Wei, J. (J.), Weng, Z. L. (Z. L.), Wu, H. (H.), Xiong, R. Q. (R. Q.), Xu, W. (W.), Yan, Q. (Q.), Yang, Y. (Y.), Yashin, I. I. (I. I.), Yelland, A. (A.), Yi, H. (H.), Yu, Y. M. (Y. M.), Yu, Z. Q. (Z. Q.), Zannoni, M. (M.), Zhang, C. (C.), Zhang, F. (F.), Zhang, F. Z. (F. Z.), Zhang, J. H. (J. H.), Zhang, Z. (Z.), Zhao, F. (F.), Zheng, C. (C.), Zheng, Z. M. (Z. M.), Zhuang, H. L. (H. L.), Zhukov, V. (V.), Zichichi, A. (A.), Zuccon, P. (P.), Aguilar, M. (M.), Cavasonza, L. A. (L. Ali), Ambrosi, G. (G.), Arruda, L. (L.), Attig, N. (N.), Bagwell, C. (C.), Barao, F. (F.), Barrin, L. (L.), Bartoloni, A. (A.), Basegmez-du Pree, S. (S.), Battiston, R. (R.), Behlmann, M. (M.), Belyaev, N. (N.), Berdugo, J. (J.), Bertucci, B. (B.), Bindi, V. (V.), Bollweg, K. (K.), Bolster, J. (J.), Borgia, B. (B.), Boschini, M. J. (M. J.), Bourquin, M. (M.), Bueno, E. F. (E. F.), Burger, J. (J.), Burger, W. J. (W. J.), Burmeister, S. (S.), Cai, X. D. (X. D.), Capell, M. (M.), Casaus, J. (J.), Castellini, G. (G.), Cervelli, F. (F.), Chang, Y. H. (Y. H.), Chen, G. M. (G. M.), Chen, G. R. (G. R.), Chen, H. S. (H. S.), Chen, Y. (Y.), Cheng, L. (L.), Chou, H. Y. (H. Y.), Chouridou, S. (S.), Choutko, V. (V.), Chung, C. H. (C. H.), Clark, C. (C.), Coignet, G. (G.), Consolandi, C. (C.), Contin, A. (A.), Corti, C. (C.), Cui, Z. (Z.), Dadzie, K. (K.), Dass, A. (A.), Delgado, C. (C.), Della Torre, S. (S.), Demirkoez, M. B. (M. B.), Derome, L. (L.), Di Falco, S. (S.), Di Felice, V. (V.), Diaz, C. (C.), Dimiccoli, F. (F.), von Doetinchem, P. (P.), Dong, F. (F.), Donnini, F. (F.), Duranti, M. (M.), Egorov, A. (A.), Eline, A. (A.), Faldi, F. (F.), Feng, J. (J.), Fiandrini, E. (E.), Fisher, P. (P.), Formato, V. (V.), Freeman, C. (C.), Gamez, C. (C.), Garcia-Lopez, R. J. (R. J.), Gargiulo, C. (C.), Gast, H. (H.), Gervasi, M. (M.), Giovacchini, F. (F.), Gomez-Coral, D. M. (D. M.), Gong, J. (J.), Goy, C. (C.), Grabski, V. (V.), Grandi, D. (D.), Graziani, M. (M.), Guracho, A. N. (A. N.), Haino, S. (S.), Han, K. C. (K. C.), Hashmani, R. K. (R. K.), He, Z. H. (Z. H.), Heber, B. (B.), Hsieh, T. H. (T. H.), Hu, J. Y. (J. Y.), Incagli, M. (M.), Jang, W. Y. (W. Y.), Jia, Y. (Yi), Jinchi, H. (H.), Karagoez, G. (G.), Khiali, B. (B.), Kim, G. N. (G. N.), Kirn, T. (Th.), Kounina, O. (O.), Kounine, A. (A.), Koutsenko, V. (V.), Krasnopevtsev, D. (D.), Kuhlman, A. (A.), Kulemzin, A. (A.), La Vacca, G. (G.), Laudi, E. (E.), Laurenti, G. (G.), LaVecchia, G. (G.), Lazzizzera, I. (I.), Lee, H. T. (H. T.), Lee, S. C. (S. C.), Li, H. L. (H. L.), Li, J. Q. (J. Q.), Li, M. (M.), Li, Q. (Q.), Li, Q. Y. (Q. Y.), Li, S. (S.), Li, S. L. (S. L.), Li, J. H. (J. H.), Li, Z. H. (Z. H.), Liang, J. (J.), Liang, M. J. (M. J.), Light, C. (C.), Lin, C. H. (C. H.), Lippert, T. (T.), Liu, J. H. (J. H.), Lu, S. Q. (S. Q.), Lu, Y. S. (Y. S.), Luebelsmeyer, K. (K.), Luo, J. Z. (J. Z.), Luo, X. (Xi), Machate, F. (F.), Mana, C. (C.), Marin, J. (J.), Marquardt, J. (J.), Martin, T. (T.), Martinez, G. (G.), Masi, N. (N.), Maurin, D. (D.), Medvedeva, T. (T.), Menchaca-Rocha, A. (A.), Meng, Q. (Q.), Mikhailov, V. V. (V. V.), Molero, M. (M.), Mott, P. (P.), Mussolin, L. (L.), Negrete, J. (J.), Nikonov, N. (N.), Nozzoli, F. (F.), Ocampo-Peleteiro, J. (J.), Oliva, A. (A.), Orcinha, M. (M.), Palermo, M. (M.), Palmonari, F. (F.), Paniccia, M. (M.), Pashnin, A. (A.), Pauluzzi, M. (M.), Pensotti, S. (S.), Plyaskin, V. (V.), Pohl, M. (M.), Poluianov, S. (S.), Qin, X. (X.), Qu, Z. Y. (Z. Y.), Quadrani, L. (L.), Rancoita, P. G. (P. G.), Rapin, D. (D.), Conde, A. R. (A. Reina), Robyn, E. (E.), Rosier-Lees, S. (S.), Rozhkov, A. (A.), Rozza, D. (D.), Sagdeev, R. (R.), Schael, S. (S.), von Dratzig, A. S. (A. Schultz), Schwering, G. (G.), Seo, E. S. (E. S.), Shan, B. S. (B. S.), Siedenburg, T. (T.), Song, J. W. (J. W.), Song, X. J. (X. J.), Sonnabend, R. (R.), Strigari, L. (L.), Su, T. (T.), Sun, Q. (Q.), Sun, Z. T. (Z. T.), Tacconi, M. (M.), Tang, X. W. (X. W.), Tang, Z. C. (Z. C.), Tian, J. (J.), Ting, S. C. (Samuel C. C.), Ting, S. M. (S. M.), Tomassetti, N. (N.), Torsti, J. (J.), Urban, T. (T.), Usoskin, I. (I.), Vagelli, V. (V.), Vainio, R. (R.), Valencia-Otero, M. (M.), Valente, E. (E.), Valtonen, E. (E.), Acosta, M. V. (M. Vazquez), Vecchi, M. (M.), Velasco, M. (M.), Vialle, J. P. (J. P.), Wang, C. X. (C. X.), Wang, L. (L.), Wang, L. Q. (L. Q.), Wang, N. H. (N. H.), Wang, Q. L. (Q. L.), Wang, S. (S.), Wang, X. (X.), Wang, Y. (Yu), Wang, Z. M. (Z. M.), Wei, J. (J.), Weng, Z. L. (Z. L.), Wu, H. (H.), Xiong, R. Q. (R. Q.), Xu, W. (W.), Yan, Q. (Q.), Yang, Y. (Y.), Yashin, I. I. (I. I.), Yelland, A. (A.), Yi, H. (H.), Yu, Y. M. (Y. M.), Yu, Z. Q. (Z. Q.), Zannoni, M. (M.), Zhang, C. (C.), Zhang, F. (F.), Zhang, F. Z. (F. Z.), Zhang, J. H. (J. H.), Zhang, Z. (Z.), Zhao, F. (F.), Zheng, C. (C.), Zheng, Z. M. (Z. M.), Zhuang, H. L. (H. L.), Zhukov, V. (V.), Zichichi, A. (A.), and Zuccon, P. (P.)

Abstract

We present the precision measurements of 11 years of daily cosmic electron fluxes in the rigidity interval from 1.00 to 41.9 GV based on 2.0 x 10⁸ electrons collected with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) aboard the International Space Station. The electron fluxes exhibit variations on multiple timescales. Recurrent electron flux variations with periods of 27 days, 13.5 days, and 9 days are observed. We find that the electron fluxes show distinctly different time variations from the proton fluxes. Remarkably, a hysteresis between the electron flux and the proton flux is observed with a significance of greater than 6 sigma at rigidities below 8.5 GV. Furthermore, significant structures in the electron-proton hysteresis are observed corresponding to sharp structures in both fluxes. This continuous daily electron data provide unique input to the understanding of the charge sign dependence of cosmic rays over an 11-year solar cycle.

Published
2023

26. Properties of cosmic-ray sulfur and determination of the composition of primary cosmic-ray carbon, neon, magnesium, and sulfur:ten-year results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer

Author

Aguilar, M. (M.), Cavasonza, L. A. (L. Ali), Alpat, B. (B.), Ambrosi, G. (G.), Arruda, L. (L.), Attig, N. (N.), Bagwell, C. (C.), Barao, F. (F.), Barrin, L. (L.), Bartoloni, A. (A.), Basegmez-du Pree, S. (S.), Battiston, R. (R.), Belyaev, N. (N.), Berdugo, J. (J.), Bertucci, B. (B.), Bindi, V. (V.), Bollweg, K. (K.), Bolster, J. (J.), Borchiellini, M. (M.), Borgia, B. (B.), Boschini, M. J. (M. J.), Bourquin, M. (M.), Bueno, E. F. (E. F.), Burger, J. (J.), Burger, W. J. (W. J.), Cai, X. D. (X. D.), Capell, M. (M.), Casaus, J. (J.), Castellini, G. (G.), Cervelli, F. (F.), Chang, Y. H. (Y. H.), Chen, G. M. (G. M.), Chen, G. R. (G. R.), Chen, H. (H.), Chen, H. S. (H. S.), Chen, Y. (Y.), Cheng, L. (L.), Chou, H. Y. (H. Y.), Chouridou, S. (S.), Choutko, V. (V.), Chung, C. H. (C. H.), Clark, C. (C.), Coignet, G. (G.), Consolandi, C. (C.), Contin, A. (A.), Corti, C. (C.), Cui, Z. (Z.), Dadzie, K. (K.), Dass, A. (A.), Delgado, C. (C.), Della Torre, S. (S.), Demirkoz, M. B. (M. B.), Derome, L. (L.), Di Falco, S. (S.), Di Felice, V. (V.), Diaz, C. (C.), Dimiccoli, F. (F.), von Doetinchem, P. (P.), Dong, F. (F.), Donnini, F. (F.), Duranti, M. (M.), Egorov, A. (A.), Eline, A. (A.), Faldi, F. (F.), Feng, J. (J.), Fiandrini, E. (E.), Fisher, P. (P.), Formato, V. (V.), Gamez, C. (C.), Garcia-Lopez, R. J. (R. J.), Gargiulo, C. (C.), Gast, H. (H.), Gervasi, M. (M.), Giovacchini, F. (F.), Gomez-Coral, D. M. (D. M.), Gong, J. (J.), Goy, C. (C.), Grabski, V. (V.), Grandi, D. (D.), Graziani, M. (M.), Guracho, A. N. (A. N.), Haino, S. (S.), Han, K. C. (K. C.), Hashmani, R. K. (R. K.), He, Z. H. (Z. H.), Heber, B. (B.), Hsieh, T. H. (T. H.), Hu, J. Y. (J. Y.), Huang, B. W. (B. W.), Incagli, M. (M.), Jang, W. Y. (W. Y.), Jia, Y. (Yi), Jinchi, H. (H.), Karagoz, G. (G.), Khiali, B. (B.), Kim, G. N. (G. N.), Kirn, T. (Th.), Kounina, O. (O.), Kounine, A. (A.), Koutsenko, V. (V.), Krasnopevtsev, D. (D.), Kuhlman, A. (A.), Kulemzin, A. (A.), La Vacca, G. (G.), Laudi, E. (E.), Laurenti, G. (G.), LaVecchia, G. (G.), Lazzizzera, I. (I.), Lee, H. T. (H. T.), Lee, S. C. (S. C.), Li, H. L. (H. L.), Li, J. Q. (J. Q.), Li, M. (M.), Li, Q. (Q.), Li, Q. Y. (Q. Y.), Li, S. (S.), Li, S. L. (S. L.), Li, J. H. (J. H.), Li, Z. H. (Z. H.), Liang, J. (J.), Liang, M. J. (M. J.), Lin, C. H. (C. H.), Lippert, T. (T.), Liu, J. H. (J. H.), Lu, S. Q. (S. Q.), Lu, Y. S. (Y. S.), Luebelsmeyer, K. (K.), Luo, J. Z. (J. Z.), Luo, S. D. (S. D.), Luo, X. (Xi), Machate, F. (F.), Mana, C. (C.), Marin, J. (J.), Marquardt, J. (J.), Martin, T. (T.), Martinez, G. (G.), Masi, N. (N.), Maurin, D. (D.), Medvedeva, T. (T.), Menchaca-Rocha, A. (A.), Meng, Q. (Q.), Mikhailov, V. V. (V. V.), Molero, M. (M.), Mott, P. (P.), Mussolin, L. (L.), Negrete, J. (J.), Nikonov, N. (N.), Nozzoli, F. (F.), Ocampo-Peleteiro, J. (J.), Oliva, A. (A.), Orcinha, M. (M.), Ottupara, M. A. (M. A.), Palermo, M. (M.), Palmonari, F. (F.), Paniccia, M. (M.), Pashnin, A. (A.), Pauluzzi, M. (M.), Pensotti, S. (S.), Plyaskin, V. (V.), Poluianov, S. (Stepan), Qin, X. (X.), Qu, Z. Y. (Z. Y.), Quadrani, L. (L.), Rancoita, P. G. (P. G.), Rapin, D. (D.), Conde, A. R. (A. Reina), Robyn, E. (E.), Romaneehsen, L. (L.), Rozhkov, A. (A.), Rozza, D. (D.), Sagdeev, R. (R.), Schael, S. (S.), von Dratzig, A. S. (A. Schultz), Schwering, G. (G.), Seo, E. S. (E. S.), Shan, B. S. (B. S.), Siedenburg, T. (T.), Song, J. W. (J. W.), Song, X. J. (X. J.), Sonnabend, R. (R.), Strigari, L. (L.), Su, T. (T.), Sun, Q. (Q.), Sun, Z. T. (Z. T.), Tacconi, M. (M.), Tang, X. W. (X. W.), Tang, Z. C. (Z. C.), Tian, J. (J.), Tian, Y. (Y.), Ting, S. C. (Samuel C. C.), Urban, T. (T.), Usoskin, I. (Ilya), Vagelli, V. (V.), Vainio, R. (R.), Valencia-Otero, M. (M.), Valente, E. (E.), Valtonen, E. (E.), Acosta, M. V. (M. Vazquez), Vecchi, M. (M.), Velasco, M. (M.), Vialle, J. P. (J. P.), Wang, C. X. (C. X.), Wang, L. (L.), Wang, L. Q. (L. Q.), Wang, N. H. (N. H.), Wang, Q. L. (Q. L.), Wang, S. (S.), Wang, X. (X.), Wang, Y. (Yu), Wang, Z. M. (Z. M.), Wei, J. (J.), Weng, Z. L. (Z. L.), Wu, H. (H.), Wu, Y. (Y.), Xiao, J. N. (J. N.), Xiong, R. Q. (R. Q.), Xiong, X. Z. (X. Z.), Xu, W. (W.), Yan, Q. (Q.), Yang, H. T. (H. T.), Yang, Y. (Y.), Yashin, I. I. (I. I.), Yelland, A. (A.), Yi, H. (H.), You, Y. H. (Y. H.), Yu, Y. M. (Y. M.), Yu, Z. Q. (Z. Q.), Zannoni, M. (M.), Zhang, C. (C.), Zhang, F. (F.), Zhang, F. Z. (F. Z.), Zhang, J. (J.), Zhang, J. H. (J. H.), Zhang, Z. (Z.), Zhao, F. (F.), Zheng, C. (C.), Zheng, Z. M. (Z. M.), Zhuang, H. L. (H. L.), Zhukov, V. (V.), Zichichi, A. (A.), Zuccon, P. (P.), Aguilar, M. (M.), Cavasonza, L. A. (L. Ali), Alpat, B. (B.), Ambrosi, G. (G.), Arruda, L. (L.), Attig, N. (N.), Bagwell, C. (C.), Barao, F. (F.), Barrin, L. (L.), Bartoloni, A. (A.), Basegmez-du Pree, S. (S.), Battiston, R. (R.), Belyaev, N. (N.), Berdugo, J. (J.), Bertucci, B. (B.), Bindi, V. (V.), Bollweg, K. (K.), Bolster, J. (J.), Borchiellini, M. (M.), Borgia, B. (B.), Boschini, M. J. (M. J.), Bourquin, M. (M.), Bueno, E. F. (E. F.), Burger, J. (J.), Burger, W. J. (W. J.), Cai, X. D. (X. D.), Capell, M. (M.), Casaus, J. (J.), Castellini, G. (G.), Cervelli, F. (F.), Chang, Y. H. (Y. H.), Chen, G. M. (G. M.), Chen, G. R. (G. R.), Chen, H. (H.), Chen, H. S. (H. S.), Chen, Y. (Y.), Cheng, L. (L.), Chou, H. Y. (H. Y.), Chouridou, S. (S.), Choutko, V. (V.), Chung, C. H. (C. H.), Clark, C. (C.), Coignet, G. (G.), Consolandi, C. (C.), Contin, A. (A.), Corti, C. (C.), Cui, Z. (Z.), Dadzie, K. (K.), Dass, A. (A.), Delgado, C. (C.), Della Torre, S. (S.), Demirkoz, M. B. (M. B.), Derome, L. (L.), Di Falco, S. (S.), Di Felice, V. (V.), Diaz, C. (C.), Dimiccoli, F. (F.), von Doetinchem, P. (P.), Dong, F. (F.), Donnini, F. (F.), Duranti, M. (M.), Egorov, A. (A.), Eline, A. (A.), Faldi, F. (F.), Feng, J. (J.), Fiandrini, E. (E.), Fisher, P. (P.), Formato, V. (V.), Gamez, C. (C.), Garcia-Lopez, R. J. (R. J.), Gargiulo, C. (C.), Gast, H. (H.), Gervasi, M. (M.), Giovacchini, F. (F.), Gomez-Coral, D. M. (D. M.), Gong, J. (J.), Goy, C. (C.), Grabski, V. (V.), Grandi, D. (D.), Graziani, M. (M.), Guracho, A. N. (A. N.), Haino, S. (S.), Han, K. C. (K. C.), Hashmani, R. K. (R. K.), He, Z. H. (Z. H.), Heber, B. (B.), Hsieh, T. H. (T. H.), Hu, J. Y. (J. Y.), Huang, B. W. (B. W.), Incagli, M. (M.), Jang, W. Y. (W. Y.), Jia, Y. (Yi), Jinchi, H. (H.), Karagoz, G. (G.), Khiali, B. (B.), Kim, G. N. (G. N.), Kirn, T. (Th.), Kounina, O. (O.), Kounine, A. (A.), Koutsenko, V. (V.), Krasnopevtsev, D. (D.), Kuhlman, A. (A.), Kulemzin, A. (A.), La Vacca, G. (G.), Laudi, E. (E.), Laurenti, G. (G.), LaVecchia, G. (G.), Lazzizzera, I. (I.), Lee, H. T. (H. T.), Lee, S. C. (S. C.), Li, H. L. (H. L.), Li, J. Q. (J. Q.), Li, M. (M.), Li, Q. (Q.), Li, Q. Y. (Q. Y.), Li, S. (S.), Li, S. L. (S. L.), Li, J. H. (J. H.), Li, Z. H. (Z. H.), Liang, J. (J.), Liang, M. J. (M. J.), Lin, C. H. (C. H.), Lippert, T. (T.), Liu, J. H. (J. H.), Lu, S. Q. (S. Q.), Lu, Y. S. (Y. S.), Luebelsmeyer, K. (K.), Luo, J. Z. (J. Z.), Luo, S. D. (S. D.), Luo, X. (Xi), Machate, F. (F.), Mana, C. (C.), Marin, J. (J.), Marquardt, J. (J.), Martin, T. (T.), Martinez, G. (G.), Masi, N. (N.), Maurin, D. (D.), Medvedeva, T. (T.), Menchaca-Rocha, A. (A.), Meng, Q. (Q.), Mikhailov, V. V. (V. V.), Molero, M. (M.), Mott, P. (P.), Mussolin, L. (L.), Negrete, J. (J.), Nikonov, N. (N.), Nozzoli, F. (F.), Ocampo-Peleteiro, J. (J.), Oliva, A. (A.), Orcinha, M. (M.), Ottupara, M. A. (M. A.), Palermo, M. (M.), Palmonari, F. (F.), Paniccia, M. (M.), Pashnin, A. (A.), Pauluzzi, M. (M.), Pensotti, S. (S.), Plyaskin, V. (V.), Poluianov, S. (Stepan), Qin, X. (X.), Qu, Z. Y. (Z. Y.), Quadrani, L. (L.), Rancoita, P. G. (P. G.), Rapin, D. (D.), Conde, A. R. (A. Reina), Robyn, E. (E.), Romaneehsen, L. (L.), Rozhkov, A. (A.), Rozza, D. (D.), Sagdeev, R. (R.), Schael, S. (S.), von Dratzig, A. S. (A. Schultz), Schwering, G. (G.), Seo, E. S. (E. S.), Shan, B. S. (B. S.), Siedenburg, T. (T.), Song, J. W. (J. W.), Song, X. J. (X. J.), Sonnabend, R. (R.), Strigari, L. (L.), Su, T. (T.), Sun, Q. (Q.), Sun, Z. T. (Z. T.), Tacconi, M. (M.), Tang, X. W. (X. W.), Tang, Z. C. (Z. C.), Tian, J. (J.), Tian, Y. (Y.), Ting, S. C. (Samuel C. C.), Urban, T. (T.), Usoskin, I. (Ilya), Vagelli, V. (V.), Vainio, R. (R.), Valencia-Otero, M. (M.), Valente, E. (E.), Valtonen, E. (E.), Acosta, M. V. (M. Vazquez), Vecchi, M. (M.), Velasco, M. (M.), Vialle, J. P. (J. P.), Wang, C. X. (C. X.), Wang, L. (L.), Wang, L. Q. (L. Q.), Wang, N. H. (N. H.), Wang, Q. L. (Q. L.), Wang, S. (S.), Wang, X. (X.), Wang, Y. (Yu), Wang, Z. M. (Z. M.), Wei, J. (J.), Weng, Z. L. (Z. L.), Wu, H. (H.), Wu, Y. (Y.), Xiao, J. N. (J. N.), Xiong, R. Q. (R. Q.), Xiong, X. Z. (X. Z.), Xu, W. (W.), Yan, Q. (Q.), Yang, H. T. (H. T.), Yang, Y. (Y.), Yashin, I. I. (I. I.), Yelland, A. (A.), Yi, H. (H.), You, Y. H. (Y. H.), Yu, Y. M. (Y. M.), Yu, Z. Q. (Z. Q.), Zannoni, M. (M.), Zhang, C. (C.), Zhang, F. (F.), Zhang, F. Z. (F. Z.), Zhang, J. (J.), Zhang, J. H. (J. H.), Zhang, Z. (Z.), Zhao, F. (F.), Zheng, C. (C.), Zheng, Z. M. (Z. M.), Zhuang, H. L. (H. L.), Zhukov, V. (V.), Zichichi, A. (A.), and Zuccon, P. (P.)

Abstract

We report the properties of primary cosmic-ray sulfur (S) in the rigidity range 2.15 GV to 3.0 TV based on 0.38 x 10⁶ sulfur nuclei collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer experiment (AMS). We observed that above 90 GV the rigidity dependence of the S flux is identical to the rigidity dependence of Ne-Mg-Si fluxes, which is different from the rigidity dependence of the He-C-O-Fe fluxes. We found that, similar to N, Na, and Al cosmic rays, over the entire rigidity range, the traditional primary cosmic rays S, Ne, Mg, and C all have sizeable secondary components, and the S, Ne, and Mg fluxes are well described by the weighted sum of the primary silicon flux and the secondary fluorine flux, and the C flux is well described by the weighted sum of the primary oxygen flux and the secondary boron flux. The primary and secondary contributions of the traditional primary cosmic-ray fluxes of C, Ne, Mg, and S (even Z elements) are distinctly different from the primary and secondary contributions of the N, Na, and Al (odd Z elements) fluxes. The abundance ratio at the source for S/Si is 0.167 ± 0.006, for Ne/Si is 0.833 ± 0.025, for Mg/Si is 0.994 ± 0.029, and for C/O is 0.836 ± 0.025. These values are determined independent of cosmic-ray propagation.

Published
2023

27. Artificial intelligence in cancer research and precision medicine: Applications, limitations and priorities to drive transformation in the delivery of equitable and unbiased care

Author

Corti, C., Cobanaj, M., Dee, E. C., Criscitiello, C., Tolaney, S. M., Celi, L. A., Curigliano, G., Corti, C., Cobanaj, M., Dee, E. C., Criscitiello, C., Tolaney, S. M., Celi, L. A., and Curigliano, G.

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) has experienced explosive growth in oncology and related specialties in recent years. The improved expertise in data capture, the increased capacity for data aggregation and analytic power, along with decreasing costs of genome sequencing and related biologic “omics”, set the foundation and need for novel tools that can meaningfully process these data from multiple sources and of varying types. These advances provide value across biomedical discovery, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and prevention, in a multimodal fashion. However, while big data and AI tools have already revolutionized many fields, medicine has partially lagged due to its complexity and multi-dimensionality, leading to technical challenges in developing and validating solutions that generalize to diverse populations. Indeed, inner biases and miseducation of algorithms, in view of their implementation in daily clinical practice, are increasingly relevant concerns; critically, it is possible for AI to mirror the unconscious biases of the humans who generated these algorithms. Therefore, to avoid worsening existing health disparities, it is critical to employ a thoughtful, transparent, and inclusive approach that involves addressing bias in algorithm design and implementation along the cancer care continuum. In this review, a broad landscape of major applications of AI in cancer care is provided, with a focus on cancer research and precision medicine. Major challenges posed by the implementation of AI in the clinical setting will be discussed. Potentially feasible solutions for mitigating bias are provided, in the light of promoting cancer health equity.

Published
2023

28. Periodicities in the Daily Proton Fluxes from 2011 to 2019 Measured by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station from 1 to 100 GV

Author

Aguilar, M., Ali Cavasonza, Leila, Behlmann, M., Laudi, E., Laurenti, G., Lazzizzera, I., Lebedev, A., Lee, H. T., Lee, S. C., Li, J. Q., Li, Manbing, Li, Q., Li, Sichen, Beranek, B., Li, J. H., Li, Z. H., Liang, J., Light, C., Lin, C. H., Lippert, T., Liu, J. H., Liu, Z., Lu, S. Q., Lu, Y. S., Berdugo, J., Lübelsmeyer, Klaus, Luo, J. Z., Luo, Xi, Machate, Fabian, Mañá, C., Marín, J., Marquardt, J., Martin, T., Martínez, G., Masi, N., Bertucci, B., Maurin, D., Medvedeva, T., Menchaca-Rocha, A., Meng, Q., Mikhailov, V. V., Molero, M., Mott, P., Mussolin, L., Negrete, J., Nikonov, Nikolay, Bindi, V., Nozzoli, F., Oliva, A., Orcinha, M., Palermo, M., Palmonari, F., Paniccia, M., Pashnin, A., Pauluzzi, M., Pensotti, S., Phan, H. D., Bollweg, K., Plyaskin, V., Pohl, M., Poluianov, S., Qin, X., Qu, Z. Y., Quadrani, L., Rancoita, P. G., Rapin, D., Conde, A. Reina, Robyn, E., Borgia, B., Rosier-Lees, S., Rozhkov, A., Rozza, D., Sagdeev, R., Schael, Stefan, Schultz von Dratzig, A., Schwering, Georg, Seo, E. S., Shakfa, Z., Shan, B. S., Boschini, M. J., Siedenburg, Thorsten, Solano, C., Song, J. W., Song, X. J., Sonnabend, Robin, Strigari, L., Su, T., Sun, Q., Sun, Z. T., Tacconi, M., Bourquin, M., Tang, X. W., Tang, Z. C., Tian, J., Ting, Samuel C. C., Ting, S. M., Tomassetti, N., Torsti, J., Urban, T., Usoskin, I., Vagelli, V., Bueno, E. F., Vainio, R., Valencia-Otero, M., Valente, E., Valtonen, E., Vázquez Acosta, M., Vecchi, M., Velasco, M., Vialle, J. P., Wang, C. X., Wang, L., Ambrosi, G., Burger, J., Wang, L. Q., Wang, N. H., Wang, Q. L., Wang, S., Wang, X., Wang, Yu, Wang, Z. M., Wei, J., Weng, Z. L., Wu, H., Burger, W. J., Xiong, R. Q., Xu, W., Yan, Q., Yang, Y., Yashin, I. I., Yi, H., Yu, Y. M., Yu, Z. Q., Zannoni, M., Zhang, C., Burmeister, S., Zhang, F., Zhang, F. Z., Zhang, J. H., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zheng, C., Zheng, Z. M., Zhuang, H. L., Zhukov, Valery, Zichichi, A., Cai, X. D., Zuccon, P., AMS Collaboration, Capell, M., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cervelli, F., Chang, Y. H., Chen, G. M., Arruda, L., Chen, G. R., Chen, H. S., Chen, Y., Cheng, L., Chou, H. Y., Chouridou, Sofia, Choutko, V., Chung, Chan Hoon, Clark, C., Coignet, G., Attig, N., Consolandi, C., Contin, A., Corti, C., Cui, Z., Dadzie, K., Dass, A., Delgado, C., Della Torre, S., Demirköz, M. B., Derome, L., Barao, F., Di Falco, S., Di Felice, V., Díaz, C., Dimiccoli, F., von Doetinchem, P., Dong, F., Donnini, F., Duranti, M., Egorov, A., Eline, A., Barrin, L., Feng, J., Fiandrini, E., Fisher, P., Formato, V., Freeman, C., Gámez, C., García-López, R. J., Gargiulo, C., Gast, Henning, Gervasi, M., Bartoloni, A., Giovacchini, F., Gómez-Coral, D. M., Gong, J., Goy, C., Grabski, V., Grandi, D., Graziani, M., Haino, S., Han, K. C., Hashmani, R. K., Başeğmez-du Pree, S., He, Z. H., Heber, B., Hsieh, T. H., Hu, J. Y., Incagli, M., Jang, W. Y., Jia, Yi, Jinchi, H., Karagöz, G., Khiali, B., Battiston, R., Kim, G. N., Kirn, Thomas, Konyushikhin, M., Kounina, O., Kounine, A., Koutsenko, V., Krasnopevtsev, D., Kuhlman, A., Kulemzin, A., La Vacca, G., Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), AMS, Aguilar, M, Cavasonza, L, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Basegmez-Du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Behlmann, M, Beranek, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, Bollweg, K, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Dass, A, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirkoz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Diaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, Von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Gamez, C, Garcia-Lopez, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gomez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Karagoz, G, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Konyushikhin, M, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Krasnopevtsev, D, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, Z, Liang, J, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, J, Liu, Z, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Luo, X, Machate, F, Mana, C, Marin, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martinez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Medvedeva, T, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikhailov, V, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Negrete, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Paniccia, M, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Phan, H, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Poluianov, S, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Conde, A, Robyn, E, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, Von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shakfa, Z, Shan, B, Siedenburg, T, Solano, C, Song, J, Song, X, Sonnabend, R, Strigari, L, Su, T, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valencia-Otero, M, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vazquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yashin, I, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, C, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zuccon, P, Aguilar M., Cavasonza L.A., Ambrosi G., Arruda L., Attig N., Barao F., Barrin L., Bartoloni A., Basegmez-Du Pree S., Battiston R., Behlmann M., Beranek B., Berdugo J., Bertucci B., Bindi V., Bollweg K., Borgia B., Boschini M.J., Bourquin M., Bueno E.F., Burger J., Burger W.J., Burmeister S., Cai X.D., Capell M., Casaus J., Castellini G., Cervelli F., Chang Y.H., Chen G.M., Chen G.R., Chen H.S., Chen Y., Cheng L., Chou H.Y., Chouridou S., Choutko V., Chung C.H., Clark C., Coignet G., Consolandi C., Contin A., Corti C., Cui Z., Dadzie K., Dass A., Delgado C., Della Torre S., Demirkoz M.B., Derome L., Di Falco S., Di Felice V., Diaz C., Dimiccoli F., Von Doetinchem P., Dong F., Donnini F., Duranti M., Egorov A., Eline A., Feng J., Fiandrini E., Fisher P., Formato V., Freeman C., Gamez C., Garcia-Lopez R.J., Gargiulo C., Gast H., Gervasi M., Giovacchini F., Gomez-Coral D.M., Gong J., Goy C., Grabski V., Grandi D., Graziani M., Haino S., Han K.C., Hashmani R.K., He Z.H., Heber B., Hsieh T.H., Hu J.Y., Incagli M., Jang W.Y., Jia Y., Jinchi H., Karagoz G., Khiali B., Kim G.N., Kirn T., Konyushikhin M., Kounina O., Kounine A., Koutsenko V., Krasnopevtsev D., Kuhlman A., Kulemzin A., La Vacca G., Laudi E., Laurenti G., Lazzizzera I., Lebedev A., Lee H.T., Lee S.C., Li J.Q., Li M., Li Q., Li S., Li J.H., Li Z.H., Liang J., Light C., Lin C.H., Lippert T., Liu J.H., Liu Z., Lu S.Q., Lu Y.S., Luebelsmeyer K., Luo J.Z., Luo X., Machate F., Mana C., Marin J., Marquardt J., Martin T., Martinez G., Masi N., Maurin D., Medvedeva T., Menchaca-Rocha A., Meng Q., Mikhailov V.V., Molero M., Mott P., Mussolin L., Negrete J., Nikonov N., Nozzoli F., Oliva A., Orcinha M., Palermo M., Palmonari F., Paniccia M., Pashnin A., Pauluzzi M., Pensotti S., Phan H.D., Plyaskin V., Pohl M., Poluianov S., Qin X., Qu Z.Y., Quadrani L., Rancoita P.G., Rapin D., Conde A.R., Robyn E., Rosier-Lees S., Rozhkov A., Rozza D., Sagdeev R., Schael S., Von Dratzig A.S., Schwering G., Seo E.S., Shakfa Z., Shan B.S., Siedenburg T., Solano C., Song J.W., Song X.J., Sonnabend R., Strigari L., Su T., Sun Q., Sun Z.T., Tacconi M., Tang X.W., Tang Z.C., Tian J., Ting S.C.C., Ting S.M., Tomassetti N., Torsti J., Urban T., Usoskin I., Vagelli V., Vainio R., Valencia-Otero M., Valente E., Valtonen E., Vazquez Acosta M., Vecchi M., Velasco M., Vialle J.P., Wang C.X., Wang L., Wang L.Q., Wang N.H., Wang Q.L., Wang S., Wang X., Wang Y., Wang Z.M., Wei J., Weng Z.L., Wu H., Xiong R.Q., Xu W., Yan Q., Yang Y., Yashin I.I., Yi H., Yu Y.M., Yu Z.Q., Zannoni M., Zhang C., Zhang F., Zhang F.Z., Zhang J.H., Zhang Z., Zhao F., Zheng C., Zheng Z.M., Zhuang H.L., Zhukov V., Zichichi A., Zuccon P., Astronomy, Bourquin, Maurice, Chen, Yao, Liu, Zhen, Paniccia, Mercedes, Pohl, Martin, Rapin, Divic Jean, Robyn, Erwan, and Wei, Jiahui

Subjects
flux [p], Astrophysics and Astronomy, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Cosmic ray composition & spectra, satellite, helium: flux, General Physics and Astronomy, density [p], magnetic field, ddc:500.2, flux [helium], p: density, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], time-of-flight, Cosmic ray acceleration, Daily Proton Fluxe, 01 natural sciences, rotation, FIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA, Cosmology & Astrophysics, AMS-02, PAMELA, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, Nuclear Physics - Experiment, AMS, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cosmic ray acceleration, Cosmic ray composition & spectra, Cosmic ray propagation, Cosmic ray sources, Gravitation, Cosmology & Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, precision measurement, Monte Carlo [numerical calculations], COSMIC RAYS, Cosmic ray sources, Space stations, magnetic spectrometer, Cosmic ray, p: flux, solar, Cosmology, flux, cosmic radiation, Cosmic ray propagation, COSMIC RAYS, MAGNETIC SPECTROMETER, SOLAR MODULATION, SOLAR MODULATION, numerical calculations: Monte Carlo, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Gravitation
Abstract

Physical review letters 127(27), 271102 (2021). doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.271102, Published by APS, College Park, Md.

Published
2021

29. 83P The Immune-related adverse event (IRAE) Likelihood Score (ILS) identifies “pure” IRAEs strongly associated with outcome in a phase I-II trial population

Author

Mazzarella, L., primary, Nicolo, E., additional, Esposito, A., additional, Crimini, E., additional, Tini, G., additional, Uliano, J., additional, Corti, C., additional, Trillo Aliaga, P.M., additional, Valenza, C., additional, Repetto, M., additional, Antonarelli, G., additional, Minchella, I., additional, Belli, C., additional, Locatelli, M.A., additional, Criscitiello, C., additional, and Curigliano, G., additional

Published
2022
Full Text
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32. 243P Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in paired samples from patients with phenotypic switch from early luminal-like to metastatic triple-negative breast cancer

Author

Morganti, S., primary, Marra, A., additional, Venetis, K., additional, Sajjadi, E., additional, Ascione, L., additional, Corti, C., additional, Zagami, P., additional, Ivanova, M., additional, Zattoni, L., additional, Curigliano, G., additional, Fusco, N., additional, and Criscitiello, C., additional

Published
2022
Full Text
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33. Observation of Z>2 trapped nuclei by AMS on ISS

Author

Giovacchini, F., Oliva, A., Valencia-Otero, M., Aguilar, M., Ali Cavasonza, L., Allen, M. S., Alpat, B., Ambrosi, G., Arruda, L., Attig, N., Barao, F., Barrin, L., Bartoloni, A., Basegmez-Du Pree, S., Battiston, R., Behlmann, M., Beranek, B., Berdugo, J., Bertucci, B., Bindi, V., Bollweg, K., Borgia, B., Boschini, M. J., Bourquin, M., Bueno, E. F., Burger, J., Burger, W. J., Burmeister, S., Cai, X. D., Capell, M., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cervelli, F., Chang, Y. H., Chen, G. M., Chen, G. R., Chen, H. S., Chen, Y., Cheng, L., Chou, H. Y., Chouridou, S., Choutko, V., Chung, C. H., Clark, C., Coignet, G., Consolandi, C., Contin, A., Corti, C., Cui, Z., Dadzie, K., Delgado, C., Della Torre, S., Demirkoz, M. B., Derome, L., Di Falco, S., Di Felice, V., Diaz, C., Dimiccoli, F., von Doetinchem, P., Dong, F., Donnini, F., Duranti, M., Egorov, A., Eline, A., Feng, J., Fiandrini, E., Fisher, P., Formato, V., Freeman, C., Galaktionov, Y., Gamez, C., Garcia-Lopez, R. J., Gargiulo, C., Gast, H., Gervasi, M., Gomez-Coral, D. M., Gong, J., Goy, C., Grabski, V., Grandi, D., Graziani, M., Haino, S., Han, K. C., Hashmani, R. K., Z. H., He, Heber, B., Hsieh, T. H., J. Y., Hu, Incagli, M., Jang, W. Y., Jia, Y., Jinchi, H., Kanishev, K., Khiali, B., Kim, G. N., Kirn, Th., Konyushikhin, M., Kounina, O., Kounine, A., Koutsenko, V., Kuhlman, A., Kulemzin, A., La Vacca, G., Laudi, E., Laurenti, G., Lazzizzera, I., Lebedev, A., Lee, H. T., Lee, S. C., J. Q., Li, Li, M., Li, Q., Li, S., J. H., Li, Z. H., Li, Liang, J., Light, C., Lin, C. H., Lippert, T., Liu, J. H., Liu, Z., S. Q., Lu, Y. S., Lu, Luebelsmeyer, K., Luo, J. Z., Luo, X., Lyu, S. S., Machate, F., Mana, C., Marin, J., Marquardt, J., Martin, T., Martinez, G., Masi, N., Maurin, D., Menchaca-Rocha, A., Meng, Q., Mikhailov, V. V., D. C., Mo, Molero, M., Mott, P., Mussolin, L., Negrete, J., Nikonov, N., Nozzoli, F., Orcinha, M., Palermo, M., Palmonari, F., Paniccia, M., Pashnin, A., Pauluzzi, M., Pensotti, S., Phan, H. D., Piandani, R., Plyaskin, V., Poluianov, S., Qin, X., Z. Y., Qu, Quadrani, L., Rancoita, P. G., Rapin, D., Reina Conde, A., Robyn, E., Rosier-Lees, S., Rozhkov, A., Rozza, D., Sagdeev, R., Schael, S., Schulz von Dratzig, A., Schwering, G., Seo, E. S., Shakfa, Z., Shan, B. S., Siedenburg, T., Song, J. W., Song, X. J., Sonnabend, R., Strigari, L., Su, T., Sun, Q., Sun, Z. T., Tacconi, M., Tang, X. W., Tang, Z. C., Tian, J., Ting, S. C. C., Ting, S. M., Tomassetti, N., Torsti, J., Tuysuz, C., Urban, T., Usoskin, I., Vagelli, V., Vainio, R., Valente, E., Valtonen, E., Vazquez Acosta, M., Vecchi, M., Velasco, M., Vialle, J. P., Wang, C. X., Wang, L., Wang, L. Q., Wang, N. H., Wang, Q. L., Wang, S., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z. M., Wei, J., Weng, Z. L., Wu, H., Xiong, R. Q., Xu, W., Yan, Q., Yang, Y., Yashin, I. I., Yi, H., Y. M., Yu, Z. Q., Yu, Zannoni, M., Zhang, C., Zhang, F., Zhang, F. Z., Zhang, J. H., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zheng, C., Zheng, Z. M., Zhuang, H. L., Zhukov, V., Zichichi, A., Zuccon, P., Giovacchini, F, Oliva, A, Valencia-Otero, M, Aguilar, M, Ali Cavasonza, L, Allen, M, Alpat, B, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Basegmez-Du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Behlmann, M, Beranek, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, Bollweg, K, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirkoz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Diaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Galaktionov, Y, Gamez, C, Garcia-Lopez, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gervasi, M, Gomez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Kanishev, K, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Konyushikhin, M, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, Z, Liang, J, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, J, Liu, Z, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Luo, X, Lyu, S, Machate, F, Mana, C, Marin, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martinez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikhailov, V, Mo, D, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Negrete, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Paniccia, M, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Phan, H, Piandani, R, Plyaskin, V, Poluianov, S, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Reina Conde, A, Robyn, E, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, Schulz von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shakfa, Z, Shan, B, Siedenburg, T, Song, J, Song, X, Sonnabend, R, Strigari, L, Su, T, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Tuysuz, C, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vazquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yashin, I, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, C, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, and Zuccon, P

Subjects
FIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA, Alpha magnetic spectrometer, South atlantic anomalies, International Space station, High-energy particle physic, Particle physics experiment
Abstract

The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02) is a high energy particle physics experiment operating continuously aboard the International Space Station (ISS) since the 19th of May of 2011. A component of trapped Z>2 ions located in the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) has been detected traversing the instrument both in down-going and up-going directions.

Published
2022

34. Properties of Cosmic Aluminum Nuclei: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer

Author

Liu Z., Paniccia M., Zhang C., Aguilar M., Ali Cavasonza L., Alpat B., Ambrosi G., Arruda L., Attig N., Barao F., Barrin L., Bartoloni A., Basegmez-Du Pree S., Battiston R., Behlmann M., Beranek B., Berdugo J., Bertucci B., Bindi V., Bollweg K., Borgia B., Boschini M. J., Bourquin M., Bueno E. F., Burger J., Burger W. J., Burmeister S., Cai X. D., Capell M., Casaus J., Castellini G., Cervelli F., Chang Y. H., Chen G. M., Chen G. R., Chen H. S., Chen Y., Cheng L., Chou H. Y., Chouridou S., Choutko V., Chung C. H., Clark C., Coignet G., Consolandi C., Contin A., Corti C., Cui Z., Dadzie K., Delgado C., Della Torre S., Demirkoz M. B., Derome L., Di Falco S., Di Felice V., Diaz C., Dimiccoli F., von Doetinchem P., Dong F., Donnini F., Duranti M., Egorov A., Eline A., Feng J., Fiandrini E., Fisher P., Formato V., Freeman C., Gamez C., Garcia-Lopez R. J., Gargiulo C., Gast H., Gervasi M., Giovacchini F., Gomez-Coral D. M., Gong J., Goy C., Grabski V., Grandi D., Graziani M., Haino S., Han K. C., Hashmani R. K., He Z. H., Heber B., Hsieh T. H., Hu J. Y., Incagli M., Jang W. Y., Jia Y., Jinchi H., Khiali B., Kim G. N., Kirn Th., Konyushikhin M., Kounina O., Kounine A., Koutsenko V., Krasnopevtsev D., Kuhlman A., Kulemzin A., La Vacca G., Laudi E., Laurenti G., Lazzizzera I., Lebedev A., Lee H. T., Lee S. C., Li J. Q., Li M., Li Q., Li S., Li J. H., Li Z. H., Liang J., Light C., Lin C. H., Lippert T., Liu J. H., Lu S. Q., Lu Y. S., Luebelsmeyer K., Luo J. Z., Luo X., Machate F., Mana C., Marin J., Marquardt J., Martin T., Martinez G., Masi N., Maurin D., Medvedeva T., Menchaca-Rocha A., Meng Q., Mikhailov V. V., Molero M., Mott P., Mussolin L., Negrete J., Nikonov N., Nozzoli F., Oliva A., Orcinha M., Palermo M., Palmonari F., Pashnin A., Pauluzzi M., Pensotti S., Phan H. D., Plyaskin V., Pohl M., Poluianov S., Qin X., Qu Z. Y., Quadrani L., Rancoita P. G., Rapin D., Reina Conde A., Robyn E., Rosier-Lees S., Rozhkov A., Rozza D., Sagdeev R., Schael S., von Dratzig A. S., Schwering G., Seo E. S., Shakfa Z., Shan B. S., Siedenburg T., Solano C., Song J. W., Song X. J., Sonnabend R., Strigari L., Su T., Sun Q., Sun Z. T., Tacconi M., Tang X. W., Tang Z. C., Tian J., Ting S. C. C., Ting S. M., Tomassetti N., Torsti J., Tuysuz C., Urban T., Usoskin I., Vagelli V., Vainio R., Valencia-Otero M., Valente E., Valtonen E., Acosta M. V., Vecchi M., Velasco M., Vialle J. P., Wang C. X., Wang L., Wang L. Q., Wang N. H., Wang Q. L., Wang S., Wang X., Wang Y., Wang Z. M., Wei J., Weng Z. L., Wu H., Xiong R. Q., Xu W., Yan Q., Yang Y., Yashin I. I., Yi H., Yu Y. M., Yu Z. Q., Zannoni M., Zhang F., Zhang F. Z., Zhang J. H., Zhang Z., Zhao F., Zheng C., Zheng Z. M., Zhuang H. L., Zhukov V., Zichichi A., Zuccon P., Liu, Z, Paniccia, M, Zhang, C, Aguilar, M, Ali Cavasonza, L, Alpat, B, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Basegmez-Du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Behlmann, M, Beranek, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, Bollweg, K, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirkoz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Diaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Gamez, C, Garcia-Lopez, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gomez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Konyushikhin, M, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Krasnopevtsev, D, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, Z, Liang, J, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, J, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Luo, X, Machate, F, Mana, C, Marin, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martinez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Medvedeva, T, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikhailov, V, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Negrete, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Phan, H, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Poluianov, S, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Reina Conde, A, Robyn, E, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shakfa, Z, Shan, B, Siedenburg, T, Solano, C, Song, J, Song, X, Sonnabend, R, Strigari, L, Su, T, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Tuysuz, C, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valencia-Otero, M, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yashin, I, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, C, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, and Zuccon, P

Subjects
FIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA, Rigidity, Space stations, Cosmic ray, Particle spectrometer, Cosmology
Abstract

We report the properties of aluminum (Al) nuclei in cosmic rays measured in the rigidity range 2.15 GV to 3.0 TV with 0.51 million nuclei collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer experiment on the International Space Station. We observed that above 6 GV the Al spectrum is well described by the weighted sum of the silicon spectrum (primary cosmic rays) and the fluorine spectrum (secondary cosmic rays). The fraction of the primary component increases with rigidity and becomes dominant at highest rigidities. Al/Si abundance ratio at the source is determined independent of cosmic ray propagation.

Published
2022

35. Periodicities in the Daily Proton Fluxes from 2011 to 2019 Measured by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station from 1 to 100 GV

Author

Aguilar, M, Cavasonza, L, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Basegmez-Du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Behlmann, M, Beranek, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, Bollweg, K, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Dass, A, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirkoz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Diaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, Von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Gamez, C, Garcia-Lopez, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gomez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Karagoz, G, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Konyushikhin, M, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Krasnopevtsev, D, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, Z, Liang, J, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, J, Liu, Z, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Luo, X, Machate, F, Mana, C, Marin, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martinez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Medvedeva, T, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikhailov, V, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Negrete, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Paniccia, M, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Phan, H, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Poluianov, S, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Conde, A, Robyn, E, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, Von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shakfa, Z, Shan, B, Siedenburg, T, Solano, C, Song, J, Song, X, Sonnabend, R, Strigari, L, Su, T, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valencia-Otero, M, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vazquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yashin, I, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, C, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zuccon, P, Aguilar M., Cavasonza L. A., Ambrosi G., Arruda L., Attig N., Barao F., Barrin L., Bartoloni A., Basegmez-Du Pree S., Battiston R., Behlmann M., Beranek B., Berdugo J., Bertucci B., Bindi V., Bollweg K., Borgia B., Boschini M. J., Bourquin M., Bueno E. F., Burger J., Burger W. J., Burmeister S., Cai X. D., Capell M., Casaus J., Castellini G., Cervelli F., Chang Y. H., Chen G. M., Chen G. R., Chen H. S., Chen Y., Cheng L., Chou H. Y., Chouridou S., Choutko V., Chung C. H., Clark C., Coignet G., Consolandi C., Contin A., Corti C., Cui Z., Dadzie K., Dass A., Delgado C., Della Torre S., Demirkoz M. B., Derome L., Di Falco S., Di Felice V., Diaz C., Dimiccoli F., Von Doetinchem P., Dong F., Donnini F., Duranti M., Egorov A., Eline A., Feng J., Fiandrini E., Fisher P., Formato V., Freeman C., Gamez C., Garcia-Lopez R. J., Gargiulo C., Gast H., Gervasi M., Giovacchini F., Gomez-Coral D. M., Gong J., Goy C., Grabski V., Grandi D., Graziani M., Haino S., Han K. C., Hashmani R. K., He Z. H., Heber B., Hsieh T. H., Hu J. Y., Incagli M., Jang W. Y., Jia Y., Jinchi H., Karagoz G., Khiali B., Kim G. N., Kirn T., Konyushikhin M., Kounina O., Kounine A., Koutsenko V., Krasnopevtsev D., Kuhlman A., Kulemzin A., La Vacca G., Laudi E., Laurenti G., Lazzizzera I., Lebedev A., Lee H. T., Lee S. C., Li J. Q., Li M., Li Q., Li S., Li J. H., Li Z. H., Liang J., Light C., Lin C. H., Lippert T., Liu J. H., Liu Z., Lu S. Q., Lu Y. S., Luebelsmeyer K., Luo J. Z., Luo X., Machate F., Mana C., Marin J., Marquardt J., Martin T., Martinez G., Masi N., Maurin D., Medvedeva T., Menchaca-Rocha A., Meng Q., Mikhailov V. V., Molero M., Mott P., Mussolin L., Negrete J., Nikonov N., Nozzoli F., Oliva A., Orcinha M., Palermo M., Palmonari F., Paniccia M., Pashnin A., Pauluzzi M., Pensotti S., Phan H. D., Plyaskin V., Pohl M., Poluianov S., Qin X., Qu Z. Y., Quadrani L., Rancoita P. G., Rapin D., Conde A. R., Robyn E., Rosier-Lees S., Rozhkov A., Rozza D., Sagdeev R., Schael S., Von Dratzig A. S., Schwering G., Seo E. S., Shakfa Z., Shan B. S., Siedenburg T., Solano C., Song J. W., Song X. J., Sonnabend R., Strigari L., Su T., Sun Q., Sun Z. T., Tacconi M., Tang X. W., Tang Z. C., Tian J., Ting S. C. C., Ting S. M., Tomassetti N., Torsti J., Urban T., Usoskin I., Vagelli V., Vainio R., Valencia-Otero M., Valente E., Valtonen E., Vazquez Acosta M., Vecchi M., Velasco M., Vialle J. P., Wang C. X., Wang L., Wang L. Q., Wang N. H., Wang Q. L., Wang S., Wang X., Wang Y., Wang Z. M., Wei J., Weng Z. L., Wu H., Xiong R. Q., Xu W., Yan Q., Yang Y., Yashin I. I., Yi H., Yu Y. M., Yu Z. Q., Zannoni M., Zhang C., Zhang F., Zhang F. Z., Zhang J. H., Zhang Z., Zhao F., Zheng C., Zheng Z. M., Zhuang H. L., Zhukov V., Zichichi A., Zuccon P., Aguilar, M, Cavasonza, L, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Basegmez-Du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Behlmann, M, Beranek, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, Bollweg, K, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Dass, A, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirkoz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Diaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, Von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Gamez, C, Garcia-Lopez, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gomez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Karagoz, G, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Konyushikhin, M, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Krasnopevtsev, D, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, Z, Liang, J, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, J, Liu, Z, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Luo, X, Machate, F, Mana, C, Marin, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martinez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Medvedeva, T, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikhailov, V, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Negrete, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Paniccia, M, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Phan, H, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Poluianov, S, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Conde, A, Robyn, E, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, Von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shakfa, Z, Shan, B, Siedenburg, T, Solano, C, Song, J, Song, X, Sonnabend, R, Strigari, L, Su, T, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valencia-Otero, M, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vazquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yashin, I, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, C, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zuccon, P, Aguilar M., Cavasonza L. A., Ambrosi G., Arruda L., Attig N., Barao F., Barrin L., Bartoloni A., Basegmez-Du Pree S., Battiston R., Behlmann M., Beranek B., Berdugo J., Bertucci B., Bindi V., Bollweg K., Borgia B., Boschini M. J., Bourquin M., Bueno E. F., Burger J., Burger W. J., Burmeister S., Cai X. D., Capell M., Casaus J., Castellini G., Cervelli F., Chang Y. H., Chen G. M., Chen G. R., Chen H. S., Chen Y., Cheng L., Chou H. Y., Chouridou S., Choutko V., Chung C. H., Clark C., Coignet G., Consolandi C., Contin A., Corti C., Cui Z., Dadzie K., Dass A., Delgado C., Della Torre S., Demirkoz M. B., Derome L., Di Falco S., Di Felice V., Diaz C., Dimiccoli F., Von Doetinchem P., Dong F., Donnini F., Duranti M., Egorov A., Eline A., Feng J., Fiandrini E., Fisher P., Formato V., Freeman C., Gamez C., Garcia-Lopez R. J., Gargiulo C., Gast H., Gervasi M., Giovacchini F., Gomez-Coral D. M., Gong J., Goy C., Grabski V., Grandi D., Graziani M., Haino S., Han K. C., Hashmani R. K., He Z. H., Heber B., Hsieh T. H., Hu J. Y., Incagli M., Jang W. Y., Jia Y., Jinchi H., Karagoz G., Khiali B., Kim G. N., Kirn T., Konyushikhin M., Kounina O., Kounine A., Koutsenko V., Krasnopevtsev D., Kuhlman A., Kulemzin A., La Vacca G., Laudi E., Laurenti G., Lazzizzera I., Lebedev A., Lee H. T., Lee S. C., Li J. Q., Li M., Li Q., Li S., Li J. H., Li Z. H., Liang J., Light C., Lin C. H., Lippert T., Liu J. H., Liu Z., Lu S. Q., Lu Y. S., Luebelsmeyer K., Luo J. Z., Luo X., Machate F., Mana C., Marin J., Marquardt J., Martin T., Martinez G., Masi N., Maurin D., Medvedeva T., Menchaca-Rocha A., Meng Q., Mikhailov V. V., Molero M., Mott P., Mussolin L., Negrete J., Nikonov N., Nozzoli F., Oliva A., Orcinha M., Palermo M., Palmonari F., Paniccia M., Pashnin A., Pauluzzi M., Pensotti S., Phan H. D., Plyaskin V., Pohl M., Poluianov S., Qin X., Qu Z. Y., Quadrani L., Rancoita P. G., Rapin D., Conde A. R., Robyn E., Rosier-Lees S., Rozhkov A., Rozza D., Sagdeev R., Schael S., Von Dratzig A. S., Schwering G., Seo E. S., Shakfa Z., Shan B. S., Siedenburg T., Solano C., Song J. W., Song X. J., Sonnabend R., Strigari L., Su T., Sun Q., Sun Z. T., Tacconi M., Tang X. W., Tang Z. C., Tian J., Ting S. C. C., Ting S. M., Tomassetti N., Torsti J., Urban T., Usoskin I., Vagelli V., Vainio R., Valencia-Otero M., Valente E., Valtonen E., Vazquez Acosta M., Vecchi M., Velasco M., Vialle J. P., Wang C. X., Wang L., Wang L. Q., Wang N. H., Wang Q. L., Wang S., Wang X., Wang Y., Wang Z. M., Wei J., Weng Z. L., Wu H., Xiong R. Q., Xu W., Yan Q., Yang Y., Yashin I. I., Yi H., Yu Y. M., Yu Z. Q., Zannoni M., Zhang C., Zhang F., Zhang F. Z., Zhang J. H., Zhang Z., Zhao F., Zheng C., Zheng Z. M., Zhuang H. L., Zhukov V., Zichichi A., and Zuccon P.

Abstract

We present the precision measurement of the daily proton fluxes in cosmic rays from May 20, 2011 to October 29, 2019 (a total of 2824 days or 114 Bartels rotations) in the rigidity interval from 1 to 100 GV based on 5.5×109 protons collected with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer aboard the International Space Station. The proton fluxes exhibit variations on multiple timescales. From 2014 to 2018, we observed recurrent flux variations with a period of 27 days. Shorter periods of 9 days and 13.5 days are observed in 2016. The strength of all three periodicities changes with time and rigidity. The rigidity dependence of the 27-day periodicity is different from the rigidity dependences of 9-day and 13.5-day periods. Unexpectedly, the strength of 9-day and 13.5-day periodicities increases with increasing rigidities up to ~10 GV and ~20 GV, respectively. Then the strength of the periodicities decreases with increasing rigidity up to 100 GV.

Published
2021

36. Understanding the microstructure of mortars for cultural heritage using X-ray CT and MIP

Author

Brunello, V, Canevali, C, Corti, C, De Kock, T, Rampazzi, L, Recchia, S, Sansonetti, A, Tedeschi, C, Cnudde, V, Brunello V., Canevali C., Corti C., De Kock T., Rampazzi L., Recchia S., Sansonetti A., Tedeschi C., Cnudde V., Brunello, V, Canevali, C, Corti, C, De Kock, T, Rampazzi, L, Recchia, S, Sansonetti, A, Tedeschi, C, Cnudde, V, Brunello V., Canevali C., Corti C., De Kock T., Rampazzi L., Recchia S., Sansonetti A., Tedeschi C., and Cnudde V.

Abstract

In this study, the microstructure of mock-up mortar specimens for a historic environment, composed of different mixtures, was studied using mercury intrusion porosity (MIP) and micro-computed tomography (µCT), highlighting the advantages and drawbacks of both techniques. Po-rosity, sphericity, and pores size distribution were studied, evaluating changes according to mortar composition (aerial and hydraulic binders, quartz sand, and crushed limestone aggregate). The µCT results were rendered using 3D visualization software, which provides complementary information for the interpretation of the data obtained using 3D data-analysis software. Moreover, µCT contrib-utes to the interpretation of MIP results of mortars. On the other hand, MIP showed significant ink-bottle effects in lime and cement mortars samples that should be taken into account when interpret-ing the results. Moreover, the MIP results highlighted how gypsum mortar samples display a porosity distribution that is best studied using this technique. This multi-analytical approach provides important insights into the interpretation of the porosimetric data obtained. This is crucial in the characterization of mortars and provides key information for the study of building materials and cultural heritage conservation.

Published
2021

37. An insight into effectiveness and potential damage in removing limewash from wall paintings. An approach based on model samples

Author

Canevali, C, Lanfranchi, M, Tanday, H, Corti, C, Monticelli, D, Rampazzi, L, Bertasa, M, Sansonetti, A, Canevali C., Lanfranchi M., Tanday H., Corti C., Monticelli D., Rampazzi L., Bertasa M., Sansonetti A., Canevali, C, Lanfranchi, M, Tanday, H, Corti, C, Monticelli, D, Rampazzi, L, Bertasa, M, Sansonetti, A, Canevali C., Lanfranchi M., Tanday H., Corti C., Monticelli D., Rampazzi L., Bertasa M., and Sansonetti A.

Abstract

The mechanism, the effectiveness, and the potential damage during limewash removal from wall painting models were evaluated for agar gels and water-based pads constituted by ArbocelTM BWW 40 cellulosic fibre. Cleaning materials in different formulations were compared: pure and with additives (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, EDTA, and ammonium citrate tribasic, TAC) in different percentages (2% and 3%). The cleaning action was evaluated on laboratory model samples, prepared with hematite a fresco and an egg-based tempera with limewash overlayers. Calcium and iron extracted by cleaning materials were quantified by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The potential damage to the hematite painting layers was also studied by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. A visual observation of the limewash detachment induced by the overall cleaning was also performed. Results suggest that limewash removal mainly occurs by aqueous solution release from the cleaning system, with subsequent layer wetting, probable layer swelling, weakening and complete or partial detachment. A stronger limewash adhesion on the hydrophilic fresco surface than on tempera, was observed. None of the used cleaning materials resulted harmful to the integrity of the hematite layer underneath the limewash. A small damage in terms of extracted iron was detected in the cleaning systems after direct contact with fresco and tempera hematite layers; a “protective” effect by the tempera layer was observed for the pigment, due to the organic binder and triggered by the hydrophobic content of the egg-based medium. Cleaning materials with additives are more harmful than pure materials, with a greater coordinating ability for EDTA than for TAC, which increases with chelator percentage. Data suggest a more efficient backward transportation of aqueous solutions containing calcium and iron ions towards gels with respect to cellulose, due to their smallest pore size. All these results le

Published
2021

38. Optimization of copper stain removal from marble through the formation of cu(Ii) complexes in agar gels

Author

Sansonetti, A, Bertasa, M, Corti, C, Rampazzi, L, Monticelli, D, Scalarone, D, Sassella, A, Canevali, C, Sansonetti A., Bertasa M., Corti C., Rampazzi L., Monticelli D., Scalarone D., Sassella A., Canevali C., Sansonetti, A, Bertasa, M, Corti, C, Rampazzi, L, Monticelli, D, Scalarone, D, Sassella, A, Canevali, C, Sansonetti A., Bertasa M., Corti C., Rampazzi L., Monticelli D., Scalarone D., Sassella A., and Canevali C.

Abstract

Copper complexes with different ligands (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, EDTA, ammonium citrate tribasic, TAC, and alanine, ALA) were studied in aqueous solutions and hydrogels with the aim of setting the optimal conditions for copper stain removal from marble by agar gels, with damage minimization. The stoichiometry and stability of copper complexes were monitored by ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐Vis) spectroscopy and the symmetry of Cu(II) centers in the different gel formulations was studied by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Cleaning effectiveness in optimized conditions was verified on marble laboratory specimens through color variations and by determining copper on gels by inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS). Two copper complexes with TAC were identified, one having the known stoichiometry 1:1, and the other 1:2, Cu(TAC)2, never observed before. The stability of all the complexes at different pH was observed to increase with pH. At pH 10.0, the gel’s effectiveness in removing copper salts from marble was the highest in the presence of ALA, followed by EDTA, TAC, and pure agar gel. Limited damage to the marble surface was observed when gels with added EDTA and TAC were employed, whereas agar gel with ALA was determined to be the most efficient and safe cleaning material.

Published
2021

39. Erratum: Properties of a New Group of Cosmic Nuclei: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on Sodium, Aluminum, and Nitrogen [Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 021101 (2021)]

Author

Aguilar, M, Cavasonza, L, Alpat, B, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Basegmez-Du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Behlmann, M, Beranek, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, Bollweg, K, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirkoz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Diaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, Von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Gamez, C, Garcia-Lopez, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gomez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Konyushikhin, M, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Krasnopevtsev, D, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, Z, Liang, J, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, J, Liu, Z, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Luo, X, Machate, F, Mana, C, Marin, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martinez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Medvedeva, T, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikhailov, V, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Negrete, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Paniccia, M, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Phan, H, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Poluianov, S, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Conde, A, Robyn, E, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, Von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shakfa, Z, Shan, B, Siedenburg, T, Solano, C, Song, J, Song, X, Sonnabend, R, Strigari, L, Su, T, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Tuysuz, C, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valencia-Otero, M, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vazquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yashin, I, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, C, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zuccon, P, Aguilar M., Cavasonza L. A., Alpat B., Ambrosi G., Arruda L., Attig N., Barao F., Barrin L., Bartoloni A., Basegmez-Du Pree S., Battiston R., Behlmann M., Beranek B., Berdugo J., Bertucci B., Bindi V., Bollweg K., Borgia B., Boschini M. J., Bourquin M., Bueno E. F., Burger J., Burger W. J., Burmeister S., Cai X. D., Capell M., Casaus J., Castellini G., Cervelli F., Chang Y. H., Chen G. M., Chen G. R., Chen H. S., Chen Y., Cheng L., Chou H. Y., Chouridou S., Choutko V., Chung C. H., Clark C., Coignet G., Consolandi C., Contin A., Corti C., Cui Z., Dadzie K., Delgado C., Della Torre S., Demirkoz M. B., Derome L., Di Falco S., Di Felice V., Diaz C., Dimiccoli F., Von Doetinchem P., Dong F., Donnini F., Duranti M., Egorov A., Eline A., Feng J., Fiandrini E., Fisher P., Formato V., Freeman C., Gamez C., Garcia-Lopez R. J., Gargiulo C., Gast H., Gervasi M., Giovacchini F., Gomez-Coral D. M., Gong J., Goy C., Grabski V., Grandi D., Graziani M., Haino S., Han K. C., Hashmani R. K., He Z. H., Heber B., Hsieh T. H., Hu J. Y., Incagli M., Jang W. Y., Jia Y., Jinchi H., Khiali B., Kim G. N., Kirn T., Konyushikhin M., Kounina O., Kounine A., Koutsenko V., Krasnopevtsev D., Kuhlman A., Kulemzin A., La Vacca G., Laudi E., Laurenti G., Lazzizzera I., Lebedev A., Lee H. T., Lee S. C., Li J. Q., Li M., Li Q., Li S., Li J. H., Li Z. H., Liang J., Light C., Lin C. H., Lippert T., Liu J. H., Liu Z., Lu S. Q., Lu Y. S., Luebelsmeyer K., Luo J. Z., Luo X., MacHate F., Mana C., Marin J., Marquardt J., Martin T., Martinez G., Masi N., Maurin D., Medvedeva T., Menchaca-Rocha A., Meng Q., Mikhailov V. V., Molero M., Mott P., Mussolin L., Negrete J., Nikonov N., Nozzoli F., Oliva A., Orcinha M., Palermo M., Palmonari F., Paniccia M., Pashnin A., Pauluzzi M., Pensotti S., Phan H. D., Plyaskin V., Pohl M., Poluianov S., Qin X., Qu Z. Y., Quadrani L., Rancoita P. G., Rapin D., Conde A. R., Robyn E., Rosier-Lees S., Rozhkov A., Rozza D., Sagdeev R., Schael S., Von Dratzig A. S., Schwering G., Seo E. S., Shakfa Z., Shan B. S., Siedenburg T., Solano C., Song J. W., Song X. J., Sonnabend R., Strigari L., Su T., Sun Q., Sun Z. T., Tacconi M., Tang X. W., Tang Z. C., Tian J., Ting S. C. C., Ting S. M., Tomassetti N., Torsti J., Tuysuz C., Urban T., Usoskin I., Vagelli V., Vainio R., Valencia-Otero M., Valente E., Valtonen E., Vazquez Acosta M., Vecchi M., Velasco M., Vialle J. P., Wang C. X., Wang L., Wang L. Q., Wang N. H., Wang Q. L., Wang S., Wang X., Wang Y., Wang Z. M., Wei J., Weng Z. L., Wu H., Xiong R. Q., Xu W., Yan Q., Yang Y., Yashin I. I., Yi H., Yu Y. M., Yu Z. Q., Zannoni M., Zhang C., Zhang F., Zhang F. Z., Zhang J. H., Zhang Z., Zhao F., Zheng C., Zheng Z. M., Zhuang H. L., Zhukov V., Zichichi A., Zuccon P., Aguilar, M, Cavasonza, L, Alpat, B, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Basegmez-Du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Behlmann, M, Beranek, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, Bollweg, K, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirkoz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Diaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, Von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Gamez, C, Garcia-Lopez, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gomez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Konyushikhin, M, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Krasnopevtsev, D, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, Z, Liang, J, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, J, Liu, Z, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Luo, X, Machate, F, Mana, C, Marin, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martinez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Medvedeva, T, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikhailov, V, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Negrete, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Paniccia, M, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Phan, H, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Poluianov, S, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Conde, A, Robyn, E, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, Von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shakfa, Z, Shan, B, Siedenburg, T, Solano, C, Song, J, Song, X, Sonnabend, R, Strigari, L, Su, T, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Tuysuz, C, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valencia-Otero, M, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vazquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yashin, I, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, C, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zuccon, P, Aguilar M., Cavasonza L. A., Alpat B., Ambrosi G., Arruda L., Attig N., Barao F., Barrin L., Bartoloni A., Basegmez-Du Pree S., Battiston R., Behlmann M., Beranek B., Berdugo J., Bertucci B., Bindi V., Bollweg K., Borgia B., Boschini M. J., Bourquin M., Bueno E. F., Burger J., Burger W. J., Burmeister S., Cai X. D., Capell M., Casaus J., Castellini G., Cervelli F., Chang Y. H., Chen G. M., Chen G. R., Chen H. S., Chen Y., Cheng L., Chou H. Y., Chouridou S., Choutko V., Chung C. H., Clark C., Coignet G., Consolandi C., Contin A., Corti C., Cui Z., Dadzie K., Delgado C., Della Torre S., Demirkoz M. B., Derome L., Di Falco S., Di Felice V., Diaz C., Dimiccoli F., Von Doetinchem P., Dong F., Donnini F., Duranti M., Egorov A., Eline A., Feng J., Fiandrini E., Fisher P., Formato V., Freeman C., Gamez C., Garcia-Lopez R. J., Gargiulo C., Gast H., Gervasi M., Giovacchini F., Gomez-Coral D. M., Gong J., Goy C., Grabski V., Grandi D., Graziani M., Haino S., Han K. C., Hashmani R. K., He Z. H., Heber B., Hsieh T. H., Hu J. Y., Incagli M., Jang W. Y., Jia Y., Jinchi H., Khiali B., Kim G. N., Kirn T., Konyushikhin M., Kounina O., Kounine A., Koutsenko V., Krasnopevtsev D., Kuhlman A., Kulemzin A., La Vacca G., Laudi E., Laurenti G., Lazzizzera I., Lebedev A., Lee H. T., Lee S. C., Li J. Q., Li M., Li Q., Li S., Li J. H., Li Z. H., Liang J., Light C., Lin C. H., Lippert T., Liu J. H., Liu Z., Lu S. Q., Lu Y. S., Luebelsmeyer K., Luo J. Z., Luo X., MacHate F., Mana C., Marin J., Marquardt J., Martin T., Martinez G., Masi N., Maurin D., Medvedeva T., Menchaca-Rocha A., Meng Q., Mikhailov V. V., Molero M., Mott P., Mussolin L., Negrete J., Nikonov N., Nozzoli F., Oliva A., Orcinha M., Palermo M., Palmonari F., Paniccia M., Pashnin A., Pauluzzi M., Pensotti S., Phan H. D., Plyaskin V., Pohl M., Poluianov S., Qin X., Qu Z. Y., Quadrani L., Rancoita P. G., Rapin D., Conde A. R., Robyn E., Rosier-Lees S., Rozhkov A., Rozza D., Sagdeev R., Schael S., Von Dratzig A. S., Schwering G., Seo E. S., Shakfa Z., Shan B. S., Siedenburg T., Solano C., Song J. W., Song X. J., Sonnabend R., Strigari L., Su T., Sun Q., Sun Z. T., Tacconi M., Tang X. W., Tang Z. C., Tian J., Ting S. C. C., Ting S. M., Tomassetti N., Torsti J., Tuysuz C., Urban T., Usoskin I., Vagelli V., Vainio R., Valencia-Otero M., Valente E., Valtonen E., Vazquez Acosta M., Vecchi M., Velasco M., Vialle J. P., Wang C. X., Wang L., Wang L. Q., Wang N. H., Wang Q. L., Wang S., Wang X., Wang Y., Wang Z. M., Wei J., Weng Z. L., Wu H., Xiong R. Q., Xu W., Yan Q., Yang Y., Yashin I. I., Yi H., Yu Y. M., Yu Z. Q., Zannoni M., Zhang C., Zhang F., Zhang F. Z., Zhang J. H., Zhang Z., Zhao F., Zheng C., Zheng Z. M., Zhuang H. L., Zhukov V., Zichichi A., and Zuccon P.

Abstract

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.021101.

Published
2021

40. Properties of a New Group of Cosmic Nuclei: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on Sodium, Aluminum, and Nitrogen

Author

Aguilar, M, Cavasonza, L, Alpat, B, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Başeğmez-du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Behlmann, M, Beranek, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, Bollweg, K, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirköz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Díaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Gámez, C, García-López, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gómez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Konyushikhin, M, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Krasnopevtsev, D, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, Z, Liang, J, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, J, Liu, Z, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Luo, X, Machate, F, Mañá, C, Marín, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martínez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Medvedeva, T, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikhailov, V, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Negrete, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Paniccia, M, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Phan, H, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Poluianov, S, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Conde, A, Robyn, E, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shakfa, Z, Shan, B, Siedenburg, T, Solano, C, Song, J, Song, X, Sonnabend, R, Strigari, L, Su, T, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Tüysüz, C, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valencia-Otero, M, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vázquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yashin, I, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, C, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zuccon, P, Aguilar, M., Cavasonza, L. Ali, Alpat, B., Ambrosi, G., Arruda, L., Attig, N., Barao, F., Barrin, L., Bartoloni, A., Başeğmez-du Pree, S., Battiston, R., Behlmann, M., Beranek, B., Berdugo, J., Bertucci, B., Bindi, V., Bollweg, K., Borgia, B., Boschini, M. J., Bourquin, M., Bueno, E. F., Burger, J., Burger, W. J., Burmeister, S., Cai, X. D., Capell, M., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cervelli, F., Chang, Y. H., Chen, G. M., Chen, G. R., Chen, H. S., Chen, Y., Cheng, L., Chou, H. Y., Chouridou, S., Choutko, V., Chung, C. H., Clark, C., Coignet, G., Consolandi, C., Contin, A., Corti, C., Cui, Z., Dadzie, K., Delgado, C., Della Torre, S., Demirköz, M. B., Derome, L., Di Falco, S., Di Felice, V., Díaz, C., Dimiccoli, F., von Doetinchem, P., Dong, F., Donnini, F., Duranti, M., Egorov, A., Eline, A., Feng, J., Fiandrini, E., Fisher, P., Formato, V., Freeman, C., Gámez, C., García-López, R. J., Gargiulo, C., Gast, H., Gervasi, M., Giovacchini, F., Gómez-Coral, D. M., Gong, J., Goy, C., Grabski, V., Grandi, D., Graziani, M., Haino, S., Han, K. C., Hashmani, R. K., He, Z. H., Heber, B., Hsieh, T. H., Hu, J. Y., Incagli, M., Jang, W. Y., Jia, Yi, Jinchi, H., Khiali, B., Kim, G. N., Kirn, Th., Konyushikhin, M., Kounina, O., Kounine, A., Koutsenko, V., Krasnopevtsev, D., Kuhlman, A., Kulemzin, A., La Vacca, G., Laudi, E., Laurenti, G., Lazzizzera, I., Lebedev, A., Lee, H. T., Lee, S. C., Li, J. Q., Li, M., Li, Q., Li, S., Li, J. H., Li, Z. H., Liang, J., Light, C., Lin, C. H., Lippert, T., Liu, J. H., Liu, Z., Lu, S. Q., Lu, Y. S., Luebelsmeyer, K., Luo, J. Z., Luo, Xi, Machate, F., Mañá, C., Marín, J., Marquardt, J., Martin, T., Martínez, G., Masi, N., Maurin, D., Medvedeva, T., Menchaca-Rocha, A., Meng, Q., Mikhailov, V. V., Molero, M., Mott, P., Mussolin, L., Negrete, J., Nikonov, N., Nozzoli, F., Oliva, A., Orcinha, M., Palermo, M., Palmonari, F., Paniccia, M., Pashnin, A., Pauluzzi, M., Pensotti, S., Phan, H. D., Plyaskin, V., Pohl, M., Poluianov, S., Qin, X., Qu, Z. Y., Quadrani, L., Rancoita, P. G., Rapin, D., Conde, A. Reina, Robyn, E., Rosier-Lees, S., Rozhkov, A., Rozza, D., Sagdeev, R., Schael, S., von Dratzig, A. Schulz, Schwering, G., Seo, E. S., Shakfa, Z., Shan, B. S., Siedenburg, T., Solano, C., Song, J. W., Song, X. J., Sonnabend, R., Strigari, L., Su, T., Sun, Q., Sun, Z. T., Tacconi, M., Tang, X. W., Tang, Z. C., Tian, J., Ting, Samuel C. C., Ting, S. M., Tomassetti, N., Torsti, J., Tüysüz, C., Urban, T., Usoskin, I., Vagelli, V., Vainio, R., Valencia-Otero, M., Valente, E., Valtonen, E., Vázquez Acosta, M., Vecchi, M., Velasco, M., Vialle, J. P., Wang, C. X., Wang, L., Wang, L. Q., Wang, N. H., Wang, Q. L., Wang, S., Wang, X., Wang, Yu, Wang, Z. M., Wei, J., Weng, Z. L., Wu, H., Xiong, R. Q., Xu, W., Yan, Q., Yang, Y., Yashin, I. I., Yi, H., Yu, Y. M., Yu, Z. Q., Zannoni, M., Zhang, C., Zhang, F., Zhang, F. Z., Zhang, J. H., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zheng, C., Zheng, Z. M., Zhuang, H. L., Zhukov, V., Zichichi, A., Zuccon, P., Aguilar, M, Cavasonza, L, Alpat, B, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Başeğmez-du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Behlmann, M, Beranek, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, Bollweg, K, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirköz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Díaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Gámez, C, García-López, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gómez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Konyushikhin, M, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Krasnopevtsev, D, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, Z, Liang, J, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, J, Liu, Z, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Luo, X, Machate, F, Mañá, C, Marín, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martínez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Medvedeva, T, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikhailov, V, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Negrete, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Paniccia, M, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Phan, H, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Poluianov, S, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Conde, A, Robyn, E, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shakfa, Z, Shan, B, Siedenburg, T, Solano, C, Song, J, Song, X, Sonnabend, R, Strigari, L, Su, T, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Tüysüz, C, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valencia-Otero, M, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vázquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yashin, I, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, C, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zuccon, P, Aguilar, M., Cavasonza, L. Ali, Alpat, B., Ambrosi, G., Arruda, L., Attig, N., Barao, F., Barrin, L., Bartoloni, A., Başeğmez-du Pree, S., Battiston, R., Behlmann, M., Beranek, B., Berdugo, J., Bertucci, B., Bindi, V., Bollweg, K., Borgia, B., Boschini, M. J., Bourquin, M., Bueno, E. F., Burger, J., Burger, W. J., Burmeister, S., Cai, X. D., Capell, M., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cervelli, F., Chang, Y. H., Chen, G. M., Chen, G. R., Chen, H. S., Chen, Y., Cheng, L., Chou, H. Y., Chouridou, S., Choutko, V., Chung, C. H., Clark, C., Coignet, G., Consolandi, C., Contin, A., Corti, C., Cui, Z., Dadzie, K., Delgado, C., Della Torre, S., Demirköz, M. B., Derome, L., Di Falco, S., Di Felice, V., Díaz, C., Dimiccoli, F., von Doetinchem, P., Dong, F., Donnini, F., Duranti, M., Egorov, A., Eline, A., Feng, J., Fiandrini, E., Fisher, P., Formato, V., Freeman, C., Gámez, C., García-López, R. J., Gargiulo, C., Gast, H., Gervasi, M., Giovacchini, F., Gómez-Coral, D. M., Gong, J., Goy, C., Grabski, V., Grandi, D., Graziani, M., Haino, S., Han, K. C., Hashmani, R. K., He, Z. H., Heber, B., Hsieh, T. H., Hu, J. Y., Incagli, M., Jang, W. Y., Jia, Yi, Jinchi, H., Khiali, B., Kim, G. N., Kirn, Th., Konyushikhin, M., Kounina, O., Kounine, A., Koutsenko, V., Krasnopevtsev, D., Kuhlman, A., Kulemzin, A., La Vacca, G., Laudi, E., Laurenti, G., Lazzizzera, I., Lebedev, A., Lee, H. T., Lee, S. C., Li, J. Q., Li, M., Li, Q., Li, S., Li, J. H., Li, Z. H., Liang, J., Light, C., Lin, C. H., Lippert, T., Liu, J. H., Liu, Z., Lu, S. Q., Lu, Y. S., Luebelsmeyer, K., Luo, J. Z., Luo, Xi, Machate, F., Mañá, C., Marín, J., Marquardt, J., Martin, T., Martínez, G., Masi, N., Maurin, D., Medvedeva, T., Menchaca-Rocha, A., Meng, Q., Mikhailov, V. V., Molero, M., Mott, P., Mussolin, L., Negrete, J., Nikonov, N., Nozzoli, F., Oliva, A., Orcinha, M., Palermo, M., Palmonari, F., Paniccia, M., Pashnin, A., Pauluzzi, M., Pensotti, S., Phan, H. D., Plyaskin, V., Pohl, M., Poluianov, S., Qin, X., Qu, Z. Y., Quadrani, L., Rancoita, P. G., Rapin, D., Conde, A. Reina, Robyn, E., Rosier-Lees, S., Rozhkov, A., Rozza, D., Sagdeev, R., Schael, S., von Dratzig, A. Schulz, Schwering, G., Seo, E. S., Shakfa, Z., Shan, B. S., Siedenburg, T., Solano, C., Song, J. W., Song, X. J., Sonnabend, R., Strigari, L., Su, T., Sun, Q., Sun, Z. T., Tacconi, M., Tang, X. W., Tang, Z. C., Tian, J., Ting, Samuel C. C., Ting, S. M., Tomassetti, N., Torsti, J., Tüysüz, C., Urban, T., Usoskin, I., Vagelli, V., Vainio, R., Valencia-Otero, M., Valente, E., Valtonen, E., Vázquez Acosta, M., Vecchi, M., Velasco, M., Vialle, J. P., Wang, C. X., Wang, L., Wang, L. Q., Wang, N. H., Wang, Q. L., Wang, S., Wang, X., Wang, Yu, Wang, Z. M., Wei, J., Weng, Z. L., Wu, H., Xiong, R. Q., Xu, W., Yan, Q., Yang, Y., Yashin, I. I., Yi, H., Yu, Y. M., Yu, Z. Q., Zannoni, M., Zhang, C., Zhang, F., Zhang, F. Z., Zhang, J. H., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zheng, C., Zheng, Z. M., Zhuang, H. L., Zhukov, V., Zichichi, A., and Zuccon, P.

Abstract

We report the properties of sodium (Na) and aluminum (Al) cosmic rays in the rigidity range 2.15 GV to 3.0 TV based on 0.46 million sodium and 0.51 million aluminum nuclei collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer experiment on the International Space Station. We found that Na and Al, together with nitrogen (N), belong to a distinct cosmic ray group. In this group, we observe that, similar to the N flux, both the Na flux and Al flux are well described by the sums of a primary cosmic ray component (proportional to the silicon flux) and a secondary cosmic ray component (proportional to the fluorine flux). The fraction of the primary component increases with rigidity for the N, Na, and Al fluxes and becomes dominant at the highest rigidities. The Na/Si and Al/Si abundance ratios at the source, 0.036±0.003 for Na/Si and 0.103±0.004 for Al/Si, are determined independent of cosmic ray propagation.

Published
2021

41. Erratum: Properties of a New Group of Cosmic Nuclei: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on Sodium, Aluminum, and Nitrogen [Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 021101 (2021)]

Author

Aguilar M., Aguilar, M, Cavasonza, L, Alpat, B, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Basegmez-Du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Behlmann, M, Beranek, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, Bollweg, K, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirkoz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Diaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, Von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Gamez, C, Garcia-Lopez, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gomez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Konyushikhin, M, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Krasnopevtsev, D, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, Z, Liang, J, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, J, Liu, Z, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Luo, X, Machate, F, Mana, C, Marin, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martinez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Medvedeva, T, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikhailov, V, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Negrete, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Paniccia, M, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Phan, H, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Poluianov, S, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Conde, A, Robyn, E, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, Von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shakfa, Z, Shan, B, Siedenburg, T, Solano, C, Song, J, Song, X, Sonnabend, R, Strigari, L, Su, T, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Tuysuz, C, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valencia-Otero, M, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vazquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yashin, I, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, C, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zuccon, P, Aguilar M., Cavasonza L. A., Alpat B., Ambrosi G., Arruda L., Attig N., Barao F., Barrin L., Bartoloni A., Basegmez-Du Pree S., Battiston R., Behlmann M., Beranek B., Berdugo J., Bertucci B., Bindi V., Bollweg K., Borgia B., Boschini M. J., Bourquin M., Bueno E. F., Burger J., Burger W. J., Burmeister S., Cai X. D., Capell M., Casaus J., Castellini G., Cervelli F., Chang Y. H., Chen G. M., Chen G. R., Chen H. S., Chen Y., Cheng L., Chou H. Y., Chouridou S., Choutko V., Chung C. H., Clark C., Coignet G., Consolandi C., Contin A., Corti C., Cui Z., Dadzie K., Delgado C., Della Torre S., Demirkoz M. B., Derome L., Di Falco S., Di Felice V., Diaz C., Dimiccoli F., Von Doetinchem P., Dong F., Donnini F., Duranti M., Egorov A., Eline A., Feng J., Fiandrini E., Fisher P., Formato V., Freeman C., Gamez C., Garcia-Lopez R. J., Gargiulo C., Gast H., Gervasi M., Giovacchini F., Gomez-Coral D. M., Gong J., Goy C., Grabski V., Grandi D., Graziani M., Haino S., Han K. C., Hashmani R. K., He Z. H., Heber B., Hsieh T. H., Hu J. Y., Incagli M., Jang W. Y., Jia Y., Jinchi H., Khiali B., Kim G. N., Kirn T., Konyushikhin M., Kounina O., Kounine A., Koutsenko V., Krasnopevtsev D., Kuhlman A., Kulemzin A., La Vacca G., Laudi E., Laurenti G., Lazzizzera I., Lebedev A., Lee H. T., Lee S. C., Li J. Q., Li M., Li Q., Li S., Li J. H., Li Z. H., Liang J., Light C., Lin C. H., Lippert T., Liu J. H., Liu Z., Lu S. Q., Lu Y. S., Luebelsmeyer K., Luo J. Z., Luo X., MacHate F., Mana C., Marin J., Marquardt J., Martin T., Martinez G., Masi N., Maurin D., Medvedeva T., Menchaca-Rocha A., Meng Q., Mikhailov V. V., Molero M., Mott P., Mussolin L., Negrete J., Nikonov N., Nozzoli F., Oliva A., Orcinha M., Palermo M., Palmonari F., Paniccia M., Pashnin A., Pauluzzi M., Pensotti S., Phan H. D., Plyaskin V., Pohl M., Poluianov S., Qin X., Qu Z. Y., Quadrani L., Rancoita P. G., Rapin D., Conde A. R., Robyn E., Rosier-Lees S., Rozhkov A., Rozza D., Sagdeev R., Schael S., Von Dratzig A. S., Schwering G., Seo E. S., Shakfa Z., Shan B. S., Siedenburg T., Solano C., Song J. W., Song X. J., Sonnabend R., Strigari L., Su T., Sun Q., Sun Z. T., Tacconi M., Tang X. W., Tang Z. C., Tian J., Ting S. C. C., Ting S. M., Tomassetti N., Torsti J., Tuysuz C., Urban T., Usoskin I., Vagelli V., Vainio R., Valencia-Otero M., Valente E., Valtonen E., Vazquez Acosta M., Vecchi M., Velasco M., Vialle J. P., Wang C. X., Wang L., Wang L. Q., Wang N. H., Wang Q. L., Wang S., Wang X., Wang Y., Wang Z. M., Wei J., Weng Z. L., Wu H., Xiong R. Q., Xu W., Yan Q., Yang Y., Yashin I. I., Yi H., Yu Y. M., Yu Z. Q., Zannoni M., Zhang C., Zhang F., Zhang F. Z., Zhang J. H., Zhang Z., Zhao F., Zheng C., Zheng Z. M., Zhuang H. L., Zhukov V., Zichichi A., Zuccon P., Aguilar M., Aguilar, M, Cavasonza, L, Alpat, B, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Basegmez-Du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Behlmann, M, Beranek, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, Bollweg, K, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirkoz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Diaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, Von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Gamez, C, Garcia-Lopez, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gomez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Konyushikhin, M, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Krasnopevtsev, D, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, Z, Liang, J, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, J, Liu, Z, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Luo, X, Machate, F, Mana, C, Marin, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martinez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Medvedeva, T, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikhailov, V, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Negrete, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Paniccia, M, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Phan, H, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Poluianov, S, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Conde, A, Robyn, E, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, Von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shakfa, Z, Shan, B, Siedenburg, T, Solano, C, Song, J, Song, X, Sonnabend, R, Strigari, L, Su, T, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Tuysuz, C, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valencia-Otero, M, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vazquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yashin, I, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, C, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zuccon, P, Aguilar M., Cavasonza L. A., Alpat B., Ambrosi G., Arruda L., Attig N., Barao F., Barrin L., Bartoloni A., Basegmez-Du Pree S., Battiston R., Behlmann M., Beranek B., Berdugo J., Bertucci B., Bindi V., Bollweg K., Borgia B., Boschini M. J., Bourquin M., Bueno E. F., Burger J., Burger W. J., Burmeister S., Cai X. D., Capell M., Casaus J., Castellini G., Cervelli F., Chang Y. H., Chen G. M., Chen G. R., Chen H. S., Chen Y., Cheng L., Chou H. Y., Chouridou S., Choutko V., Chung C. H., Clark C., Coignet G., Consolandi C., Contin A., Corti C., Cui Z., Dadzie K., Delgado C., Della Torre S., Demirkoz M. B., Derome L., Di Falco S., Di Felice V., Diaz C., Dimiccoli F., Von Doetinchem P., Dong F., Donnini F., Duranti M., Egorov A., Eline A., Feng J., Fiandrini E., Fisher P., Formato V., Freeman C., Gamez C., Garcia-Lopez R. J., Gargiulo C., Gast H., Gervasi M., Giovacchini F., Gomez-Coral D. M., Gong J., Goy C., Grabski V., Grandi D., Graziani M., Haino S., Han K. C., Hashmani R. K., He Z. H., Heber B., Hsieh T. H., Hu J. Y., Incagli M., Jang W. Y., Jia Y., Jinchi H., Khiali B., Kim G. N., Kirn T., Konyushikhin M., Kounina O., Kounine A., Koutsenko V., Krasnopevtsev D., Kuhlman A., Kulemzin A., La Vacca G., Laudi E., Laurenti G., Lazzizzera I., Lebedev A., Lee H. T., Lee S. C., Li J. Q., Li M., Li Q., Li S., Li J. H., Li Z. H., Liang J., Light C., Lin C. H., Lippert T., Liu J. H., Liu Z., Lu S. Q., Lu Y. S., Luebelsmeyer K., Luo J. Z., Luo X., MacHate F., Mana C., Marin J., Marquardt J., Martin T., Martinez G., Masi N., Maurin D., Medvedeva T., Menchaca-Rocha A., Meng Q., Mikhailov V. V., Molero M., Mott P., Mussolin L., Negrete J., Nikonov N., Nozzoli F., Oliva A., Orcinha M., Palermo M., Palmonari F., Paniccia M., Pashnin A., Pauluzzi M., Pensotti S., Phan H. D., Plyaskin V., Pohl M., Poluianov S., Qin X., Qu Z. Y., Quadrani L., Rancoita P. G., Rapin D., Conde A. R., Robyn E., Rosier-Lees S., Rozhkov A., Rozza D., Sagdeev R., Schael S., Von Dratzig A. S., Schwering G., Seo E. S., Shakfa Z., Shan B. S., Siedenburg T., Solano C., Song J. W., Song X. J., Sonnabend R., Strigari L., Su T., Sun Q., Sun Z. T., Tacconi M., Tang X. W., Tang Z. C., Tian J., Ting S. C. C., Ting S. M., Tomassetti N., Torsti J., Tuysuz C., Urban T., Usoskin I., Vagelli V., Vainio R., Valencia-Otero M., Valente E., Valtonen E., Vazquez Acosta M., Vecchi M., Velasco M., Vialle J. P., Wang C. X., Wang L., Wang L. Q., Wang N. H., Wang Q. L., Wang S., Wang X., Wang Y., Wang Z. M., Wei J., Weng Z. L., Wu H., Xiong R. Q., Xu W., Yan Q., Yang Y., Yashin I. I., Yi H., Yu Y. M., Yu Z. Q., Zannoni M., Zhang C., Zhang F., Zhang F. Z., Zhang J. H., Zhang Z., Zhao F., Zheng C., Zheng Z. M., Zhuang H. L., Zhukov V., Zichichi A., and Zuccon P.

Abstract

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.021101.

Published
2021

42. Sex-based differences in response to anti-PD-1 or PD-L1 treatment in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer expressing high PD-L1 levels. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Author

Conforti, F, Pala, L, Pagan, E, Corti, C, Bagnardi, V, Queirolo, P, Catania, C, De Pas, T, Giaccone, G, Conforti, F., Pala, L., Pagan, E., Corti, C., Bagnardi, V., Queirolo, P., Catania, C., De Pas, T., Giaccone, G., Conforti, F, Pala, L, Pagan, E, Corti, C, Bagnardi, V, Queirolo, P, Catania, C, De Pas, T, Giaccone, G, Conforti, F., Pala, L., Pagan, E., Corti, C., Bagnardi, V., Queirolo, P., Catania, C., De Pas, T., and Giaccone, G.

Abstract

Background: In our previous works, we demonstrated that patients’ sex affects the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with several advanced solid tumors. Here, we assessed the sex-based heterogeneity of efficacy of anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1)/anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (anti-PD-L1) given as monotherapy, for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) expressing high PD-L1 levels, to evaluate if available evidence supports this therapeutic option for both women and men. Methods: We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis including all randomized, controlled trials testing anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 drugs in monotherapy, as first-line treatment of advanced NSCLC expressing high PD-L1 levels. The primary endpoint was the difference in efficacy of anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 drugs versus chemotherapy, between men and women, measured in terms of the difference in overall survival (OS) log [hazard ratio (HR)] reported in male and female study participants. Results: We analyzed four randomized, controlled trials, including 1672 patients, of whom 1224 (73.2%) were men and 448 (26.8%) were women. The pooled OS-HR comparing anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 versus chemotherapy was 0.59 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.50-0.69] for men and only 0.84 (95% CI, 0.64-1.10) for women. The pooled ratio of the OS-HRs reported in men versus women was 0.71 (95% CI, 0.52-0.98; P-heterogeneity: 0.04), indicating a significantly greater effect for men. No heterogeneity among single-study estimates was observed in either male patients (Q = 2.39, P = 0.50, I2 = 0%) or in female patients (Q = 1.13, P = 0.50, I2 = 0%). Conclusion: Evidence available indicates anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 monotherapy as highly effective in men but not in women, even in NSCLCs expressing high PD-L1 levels. Prospective trials testing sex-based tailored immunotherapy strategies are needed.

Published
2021

43. Properties of Iron Primary Cosmic Rays: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer

Author

Aguilar, M, Cavasonza, L, Allen, M, Alpat, B, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Başeğmez-du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Behlmann, M, Beischer, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, de Boer, W, Bollweg, K, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirköz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Díaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Galaktionov, Y, Gámez, C, García-López, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gómez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Kanishev, K, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Konyushikhin, M, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, Z, Liang, J, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, J, Liu, Z, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Luo, X, Lyu, S, Machate, F, Mañá, C, Marín, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martínez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikhailov, V, Mo, D, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Negrete, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Paniccia, M, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Phan, H, Piandani, R, Plyaskin, V, Poluianov, S, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Conde, A, Robyn, E, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shakfa, Z, Shan, B, Siedenburg, T, Solano, C, Song, J, Song, X, Sonnabend, R, Strigari, L, Su, T, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Tüysüz, C, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valencia-Otero, M, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vázquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yashin, I, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, C, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zimmermann, N, Zuccon, P, Aguilar, M., Cavasonza, L. Ali, Allen, M. S., Alpat, B., Ambrosi, G., Arruda, L., Attig, N., Barao, F., Barrin, L., Bartoloni, A., Başeğmez-du Pree, S., Battiston, R., Behlmann, M., Beischer, B., Berdugo, J., Bertucci, B., Bindi, V., de Boer, W., Bollweg, K., Borgia, B., Boschini, M. J., Bourquin, M., Bueno, E. F., Burger, J., Burger, W. J., Burmeister, S., Cai, X. D., Capell, M., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cervelli, F., Chang, Y. H., Chen, G. M., Chen, G. R., Chen, H. S., Chen, Y., Cheng, L., Chou, H. Y., Chouridou, S., Choutko, V., Chung, C. H., Clark, C., Coignet, G., Consolandi, C., Contin, A., Corti, C., Cui, Z., Dadzie, K., Delgado, C., Della Torre, S., Demirköz, M. B., Derome, L., Di Falco, S., Di Felice, V., Díaz, C., Dimiccoli, F., von Doetinchem, P., Dong, F., Donnini, F., Duranti, M., Egorov, A., Eline, A., Feng, J., Fiandrini, E., Fisher, P., Formato, V., Freeman, C., Galaktionov, Y., Gámez, C., García-López, R. J., Gargiulo, C., Gast, H., Gervasi, M., Giovacchini, F., Gómez-Coral, D. M., Gong, J., Goy, C., Grabski, V., Grandi, D., Graziani, M., Haino, S., Han, K. C., Hashmani, R. K., He, Z. H., Heber, B., Hsieh, T. H., Hu, J. Y., Incagli, M., Jang, W. Y., Jia, Yi, Jinchi, H., Kanishev, K., Khiali, B., Kim, G. N., Kirn, Th., Konyushikhin, M., Kounina, O., Kounine, A., Koutsenko, V., Kuhlman, A., Kulemzin, A., La Vacca, G., Laudi, E., Laurenti, G., Lazzizzera, I., Lebedev, A., Lee, H. T., Lee, S. C., Li, J. Q., Li, M., Li, Q., Li, S., Li, J. H., Li, Z. H., Liang, J., Light, C., Lin, C. H., Lippert, T., Liu, J. H., Liu, Z., Lu, S. Q., Lu, Y. S., Luebelsmeyer, K., Luo, J. Z., Luo, Xi, Lyu, S. S., Machate, F., Mañá, C., Marín, J., Marquardt, J., Martin, T., Martínez, G., Masi, N., Maurin, D., Menchaca-Rocha, A., Meng, Q., Mikhailov, V. V., Mo, D. C., Molero, M., Mott, P., Mussolin, L., Negrete, J., Nikonov, N., Nozzoli, F., Oliva, A., Orcinha, M., Palermo, M., Palmonari, F., Paniccia, M., Pashnin, A., Pauluzzi, M., Pensotti, S., Phan, H. D., Piandani, R., Plyaskin, V., Poluianov, S., Qin, X., Qu, Z. Y., Quadrani, L., Rancoita, P. G., Rapin, D., Conde, A. Reina, Robyn, E., Rosier-Lees, S., Rozhkov, A., Rozza, D., Sagdeev, R., Schael, S., von Dratzig, A. Schulz, Schwering, G., Seo, E. S., Shakfa, Z., Shan, B. S., Siedenburg, T., Solano, C., Song, J. W., Song, X. J., Sonnabend, R., Strigari, L., Su, T., Sun, Q., Sun, Z. T., Tacconi, M., Tang, X. W., Tang, Z. C., Tian, J., Ting, Samuel C. C., Ting, S. M., Tomassetti, N., Torsti, J., Tüysüz, C., Urban, T., Usoskin, I., Vagelli, V., Vainio, R., Valencia-Otero, M., Valente, E., Valtonen, E., Vázquez Acosta, M., Vecchi, M., Velasco, M., Vialle, J. P., Wang, C. X., Wang, L., Wang, L. Q., Wang, N. H., Wang, Q. L., Wang, S., Wang, X., Wang, Yu, Wang, Z. M., Wei, J., Weng, Z. L., Wu, H., Xiong, R. Q., Xu, W., Yan, Q., Yang, Y., Yashin, I. I., Yi, H., Yu, Y. M., Yu, Z. Q., Zannoni, M., Zhang, C., Zhang, F., Zhang, F. Z., Zhang, J. H., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zheng, C., Zheng, Z. M., Zhuang, H. L., Zhukov, V., Zichichi, A., Zimmermann, N., Zuccon, P., Aguilar, M, Cavasonza, L, Allen, M, Alpat, B, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Başeğmez-du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Behlmann, M, Beischer, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, de Boer, W, Bollweg, K, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirköz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Díaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Galaktionov, Y, Gámez, C, García-López, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gómez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Kanishev, K, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Konyushikhin, M, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, Z, Liang, J, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, J, Liu, Z, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Luo, X, Lyu, S, Machate, F, Mañá, C, Marín, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martínez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikhailov, V, Mo, D, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Negrete, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Paniccia, M, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Phan, H, Piandani, R, Plyaskin, V, Poluianov, S, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Conde, A, Robyn, E, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shakfa, Z, Shan, B, Siedenburg, T, Solano, C, Song, J, Song, X, Sonnabend, R, Strigari, L, Su, T, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Tüysüz, C, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valencia-Otero, M, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vázquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yashin, I, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, C, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zimmermann, N, Zuccon, P, Aguilar, M., Cavasonza, L. Ali, Allen, M. S., Alpat, B., Ambrosi, G., Arruda, L., Attig, N., Barao, F., Barrin, L., Bartoloni, A., Başeğmez-du Pree, S., Battiston, R., Behlmann, M., Beischer, B., Berdugo, J., Bertucci, B., Bindi, V., de Boer, W., Bollweg, K., Borgia, B., Boschini, M. J., Bourquin, M., Bueno, E. F., Burger, J., Burger, W. J., Burmeister, S., Cai, X. D., Capell, M., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cervelli, F., Chang, Y. H., Chen, G. M., Chen, G. R., Chen, H. S., Chen, Y., Cheng, L., Chou, H. Y., Chouridou, S., Choutko, V., Chung, C. H., Clark, C., Coignet, G., Consolandi, C., Contin, A., Corti, C., Cui, Z., Dadzie, K., Delgado, C., Della Torre, S., Demirköz, M. B., Derome, L., Di Falco, S., Di Felice, V., Díaz, C., Dimiccoli, F., von Doetinchem, P., Dong, F., Donnini, F., Duranti, M., Egorov, A., Eline, A., Feng, J., Fiandrini, E., Fisher, P., Formato, V., Freeman, C., Galaktionov, Y., Gámez, C., García-López, R. J., Gargiulo, C., Gast, H., Gervasi, M., Giovacchini, F., Gómez-Coral, D. M., Gong, J., Goy, C., Grabski, V., Grandi, D., Graziani, M., Haino, S., Han, K. C., Hashmani, R. K., He, Z. H., Heber, B., Hsieh, T. H., Hu, J. Y., Incagli, M., Jang, W. Y., Jia, Yi, Jinchi, H., Kanishev, K., Khiali, B., Kim, G. N., Kirn, Th., Konyushikhin, M., Kounina, O., Kounine, A., Koutsenko, V., Kuhlman, A., Kulemzin, A., La Vacca, G., Laudi, E., Laurenti, G., Lazzizzera, I., Lebedev, A., Lee, H. T., Lee, S. C., Li, J. Q., Li, M., Li, Q., Li, S., Li, J. H., Li, Z. H., Liang, J., Light, C., Lin, C. H., Lippert, T., Liu, J. H., Liu, Z., Lu, S. Q., Lu, Y. S., Luebelsmeyer, K., Luo, J. Z., Luo, Xi, Lyu, S. S., Machate, F., Mañá, C., Marín, J., Marquardt, J., Martin, T., Martínez, G., Masi, N., Maurin, D., Menchaca-Rocha, A., Meng, Q., Mikhailov, V. V., Mo, D. C., Molero, M., Mott, P., Mussolin, L., Negrete, J., Nikonov, N., Nozzoli, F., Oliva, A., Orcinha, M., Palermo, M., Palmonari, F., Paniccia, M., Pashnin, A., Pauluzzi, M., Pensotti, S., Phan, H. D., Piandani, R., Plyaskin, V., Poluianov, S., Qin, X., Qu, Z. Y., Quadrani, L., Rancoita, P. G., Rapin, D., Conde, A. Reina, Robyn, E., Rosier-Lees, S., Rozhkov, A., Rozza, D., Sagdeev, R., Schael, S., von Dratzig, A. Schulz, Schwering, G., Seo, E. S., Shakfa, Z., Shan, B. S., Siedenburg, T., Solano, C., Song, J. W., Song, X. J., Sonnabend, R., Strigari, L., Su, T., Sun, Q., Sun, Z. T., Tacconi, M., Tang, X. W., Tang, Z. C., Tian, J., Ting, Samuel C. C., Ting, S. M., Tomassetti, N., Torsti, J., Tüysüz, C., Urban, T., Usoskin, I., Vagelli, V., Vainio, R., Valencia-Otero, M., Valente, E., Valtonen, E., Vázquez Acosta, M., Vecchi, M., Velasco, M., Vialle, J. P., Wang, C. X., Wang, L., Wang, L. Q., Wang, N. H., Wang, Q. L., Wang, S., Wang, X., Wang, Yu, Wang, Z. M., Wei, J., Weng, Z. L., Wu, H., Xiong, R. Q., Xu, W., Yan, Q., Yang, Y., Yashin, I. I., Yi, H., Yu, Y. M., Yu, Z. Q., Zannoni, M., Zhang, C., Zhang, F., Zhang, F. Z., Zhang, J. H., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zheng, C., Zheng, Z. M., Zhuang, H. L., Zhukov, V., Zichichi, A., Zimmermann, N., and Zuccon, P.

Abstract

We report the observation of new properties of primary iron (Fe) cosmic rays in the rigidity range 2.65 GV to 3.0 TV with 0.62 × 10^6 iron nuclei collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer experiment on the International Space Station. Above 80.5 GV the rigidity dependence of the cosmic ray Fe flux is identical to the rigidity dependence of the primary cosmic ray He, C, and O fluxes, with the Fe/O flux ratio being constant at 0.155 +/- 0.006. This shows that unexpectedly Fe and He, C, and O belong to the same class of primary cosmic rays which is different from the primary cosmic rays Ne, Mg, and Si class.

Published
2021

44. The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) on the international space station: Part II – Results from the first seven years

Author

Aguilar, M, Ali Cavasonza, L, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Başeğmez-du Pree, S, Bates, J, Battiston, R, Behlmann, M, Beischer, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, de Boer, W, Bollweg, K, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Dai, Y, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirköz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Díaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Galaktionov, Y, Gámez, C, García-López, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gebauer, I, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gómez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Guo, K, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Huang, Z, Hungerford, W, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Kanishev, K, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Konyushikhin, M, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Leluc, C, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, T, Li, Z, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, Z, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Lyu, S, Machate, F, Mañá, C, Marín, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martínez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mo, D, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Ni, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Paniccia, M, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Phan, H, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Porter, S, Qi, X, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Reina Conde, A, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, Schmidt, S, Schulz von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shan, B, Shi, J, Siedenburg, T, Solano, C, Song, J, Sonnabend, R, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Tüysüz, C, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vázquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zimmermann, N, Zuccon, P, Aguilar, M., Ali Cavasonza, L., Ambrosi, G., Arruda, L., Attig, N., Barao, F., Barrin, L., Bartoloni, A., Başeğmez-du Pree, S., Bates, J., Battiston, R., Behlmann, M., Beischer, B., Berdugo, J., Bertucci, B., Bindi, V., de Boer, W., Bollweg, K., Borgia, B., Boschini, M. J., Bourquin, M., Bueno, E. F., Burger, J., Burger, W. J., Burmeister, S., Cai, X. D., Capell, M., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cervelli, F., Chang, Y. H., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. S., Chen, Y., Cheng, L., Chou, H. Y., Chouridou, S., Choutko, V., Chung, C. H., Clark, C., Coignet, G., Consolandi, C., Contin, A., Corti, C., Cui, Z., Dadzie, K., Dai, Y. M., Delgado, C., Della Torre, S., Demirköz, M. B., Derome, L., Di Falco, S., Di Felice, V., Díaz, C., Dimiccoli, F., von Doetinchem, P., Dong, F., Donnini, F., Duranti, M., Egorov, A., Eline, A., Feng, J., Fiandrini, E., Fisher, P., Formato, V., Freeman, C., Galaktionov, Y., Gámez, C., García-López, R. J., Gargiulo, C., Gast, H., Gebauer, I., Gervasi, M., Giovacchini, F., Gómez-Coral, D. M., Gong, J., Goy, C., Grabski, V., Grandi, D., Graziani, M., Guo, K. H., Haino, S., Han, K. C., Hashmani, R. K., He, Z. H., Heber, B., Hsieh, T. H., Hu, J. Y., Huang, Z. C., Hungerford, W., Incagli, M., Jang, W. 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L., Zhukov, V., Zichichi, A., Zimmermann, N., Zuccon, P., Aguilar, M, Ali Cavasonza, L, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Başeğmez-du Pree, S, Bates, J, Battiston, R, Behlmann, M, Beischer, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, de Boer, W, Bollweg, K, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Dai, Y, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirköz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Díaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Galaktionov, Y, Gámez, C, García-López, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gebauer, I, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gómez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Guo, K, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Huang, Z, Hungerford, W, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Kanishev, K, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Konyushikhin, M, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Leluc, C, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, T, Li, Z, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, Z, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Lyu, S, Machate, F, Mañá, C, Marín, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martínez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mo, D, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Ni, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Paniccia, M, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Phan, H, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Porter, S, Qi, X, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Reina Conde, A, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, Schmidt, S, Schulz von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shan, B, Shi, J, Siedenburg, T, Solano, C, Song, J, Sonnabend, R, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Tüysüz, C, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vázquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zimmermann, N, Zuccon, P, Aguilar, M., Ali Cavasonza, L., Ambrosi, G., Arruda, L., Attig, N., Barao, F., Barrin, L., Bartoloni, A., Başeğmez-du Pree, S., Bates, J., Battiston, R., Behlmann, M., Beischer, B., Berdugo, J., Bertucci, B., Bindi, V., de Boer, W., Bollweg, K., Borgia, B., Boschini, M. 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Y., Jia, Yi, Jinchi, H., Kanishev, K., Khiali, B., Kim, G. N., Kirn, Th., Konyushikhin, M., Kounina, O., Kounine, A., Koutsenko, V., Kuhlman, A., Kulemzin, A., La Vacca, G., Laudi, E., Laurenti, G., Lazzizzera, I., Lebedev, A., Lee, H. T., Lee, S. C., Leluc, C., Li, J. Q., Li, M., Li, Q., Li, S., Li, T. X., Li, Z. H., Light, C., Lin, C. H., Lippert, T., Liu, Z., Lu, S. Q., Lu, Y. S., Luebelsmeyer, K., Luo, J. Z., Lyu, S. S., Machate, F., Mañá, C., Marín, J., Marquardt, J., Martin, T., Martínez, G., Masi, N., Maurin, D., Menchaca-Rocha, A., Meng, Q., Mo, D. C., Molero, M., Mott, P., Mussolin, L., Ni, J. Q., Nikonov, N., Nozzoli, F., Oliva, A., Orcinha, M., Palermo, M., Palmonari, F., Paniccia, M., Pashnin, A., Pauluzzi, M., Pensotti, S., Phan, H. D., Plyaskin, V., Pohl, M., Porter, S., Qi, X. M., Qin, X., Qu, Z. Y., Quadrani, L., Rancoita, P. G., Rapin, D., Reina Conde, A., Rosier-Lees, S., Rozhkov, A., Rozza, D., Sagdeev, R., Schael, S., Schmidt, S. M., Schulz von Dratzig, A., Schwering, G., Seo, E. S., Shan, B. S., Shi, J. Y., Siedenburg, T., Solano, C., Song, J. W., Sonnabend, R., Sun, Q., Sun, Z. T., Tacconi, M., Tang, X. W., Tang, Z. C., Tian, J., Ting, Samuel C. C., Ting, S. M., Tomassetti, N., Torsti, J., Tüysüz, C., Urban, T., Usoskin, I., Vagelli, V., Vainio, R., Valente, E., Valtonen, E., Vázquez Acosta, M., Vecchi, M., Velasco, M., Vialle, J. P., Wang, L. Q., Wang, N. H., Wang, Q. L., Wang, S., Wang, X., Wang, Z. X., Wei, J., Weng, Z. L., Wu, H., Xiong, R. Q., Xu, W., Yan, Q., Yang, Y., Yi, H., Yu, Y. J., Yu, Z. Q., Zannoni, M., Zhang, C., Zhang, F., Zhang, F. Z., Zhang, J. H., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zheng, Z. M., Zhuang, H. L., Zhukov, V., Zichichi, A., Zimmermann, N., and Zuccon, P.

Abstract

The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) is a precision particle physics detector on the International Space Station (ISS) conducting a unique, long-duration mission of fundamental physics research in space. The physics objectives include the precise studies of the origin of dark matter, antimatter, and cosmic rays as well as the exploration of new phenomena. Following a 16-year period of construction and testing, and a precursor flight on the Space Shuttle, AMS was installed on the ISS on May 19, 2011. In this report we present results based on 120 billion charged cosmic ray events up to multi-TeV energies. This includes the fluxes of positrons, electrons, antiprotons, protons, and nuclei. These results provide unexpected information, which cannot be explained by the current theoretical models. The accuracy and characteristics of the data, simultaneously from many different types of cosmic rays, provide unique input to the understanding of origins, acceleration, and propagation of cosmic rays.

Published
2021

46. Case Report: Invasive Fungal Infection and Daratumumab: A Case Series and Review of Literature

Author

Farina, Francesca, primary, Ferla, V., additional, Marktel, S., additional, Clerici, D., additional, Mastaglio, S., additional, Perini, T., additional, Oltolini, C., additional, Greco, R., additional, Aletti, F., additional, Assanelli, A., additional, Lupo-Stanghellini, M. T., additional, Bernardi, M., additional, Corti, C., additional, Ciceri, F., additional, and Marcatti, M., additional

Published
2022
Full Text
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47. Properties of Neon, Magnesium, and Silicon Primary Cosmic Rays Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer

Author

Aguilar, M, Ali Cavasonza, L, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Başeğmez-du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Becker, U, Behlmann, M, Beischer, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, de Boer, W, Bollweg, K, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Dai, Y, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirköz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Díaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Galaktionov, Y, Gámez, C, García-López, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gebauer, I, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gómez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Guo, K, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Huang, Z, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Kanishev, K, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Konyushikhin, M, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, T, Li, Z, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, Z, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Lyu, S, Machate, F, Mañá, C, Marín, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martínez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mo, D, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Ni, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Paniccia, M, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Phan, H, Piandani, R, Plyaskin, V, Poluianov, S, Qi, X, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Reina Conde, A, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, Schmidt, S, Schulz von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shan, B, Shi, J, Siedenburg, T, Solano, C, Sonnabend, R, Song, J, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Tüysüz, C, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vázquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wallmann, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zimmermann, N, Zuccon, P, Aguilar, M., Ali Cavasonza, L., Ambrosi, G., Arruda, L., Attig, N., Barao, F., Barrin, L., Bartoloni, A., Başeğmez-du Pree, S., Battiston, R., Becker, U., Behlmann, M., Beischer, B., Berdugo, J., Bertucci, B., Bindi, V., de Boer, W., Bollweg, K., Borgia, B., Boschini, M. J., Bourquin, M., Bueno, E. F., Burger, J., Burger, W. J., Burmeister, S., Cai, X. D., Capell, M., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cervelli, F., Chang, Y. H., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. S., Chen, Y., Cheng, L., Chou, H. Y., Chouridou, S., Choutko, V., Chung, C. H., Clark, C., Coignet, G., Consolandi, C., Contin, A., Corti, C., Cui, Z., Dadzie, K., Dai, Y. M., Delgado, C., Della Torre, S., Demirköz, M. B., Derome, L., Di Falco, S., Di Felice, V., Díaz, C., Dimiccoli, F., von Doetinchem, P., Dong, F., Donnini, F., Duranti, M., Egorov, A., Eline, A., Feng, J., Fiandrini, E., Fisher, P., Formato, V., Freeman, C., Galaktionov, Y., Gámez, C., García-López, R. J., Gargiulo, C., Gast, H., Gebauer, I., Gervasi, M., Giovacchini, F., Gómez-Coral, D. M., Gong, J., Goy, C., Grabski, V., Grandi, D., Graziani, M., Guo, K. H., Haino, S., Han, K. C., Hashmani, R. K., He, Z. H., Heber, B., Hsieh, T. H., Hu, J. Y., Huang, Z. C., Incagli, M., Jang, W. Y., Jia, Yi, Jinchi, H., Kanishev, K., Khiali, B., Kim, G. N., Kirn, Th., Konyushikhin, M., Kounina, O., Kounine, A., Koutsenko, V., Kuhlman, A., Kulemzin, A., La Vacca, G., Laudi, E., Laurenti, G., Lazzizzera, I., Lebedev, A., Lee, H. T., Lee, S. C., Li, J. Q., Li, M., Li, Q., Li, S., Li, T. X., Li, Z. H., Light, C., Lin, C. H., Lippert, T., Liu, Z., Lu, S. Q., Lu, Y. S., Luebelsmeyer, K., Luo, J. Z., Lyu, S. S., Machate, F., Mañá, C., Marín, J., Marquardt, J., Martin, T., Martínez, G., Masi, N., Maurin, D., Menchaca-Rocha, A., Meng, Q., Mo, D. C., Molero, M., Mott, P., Mussolin, L., Ni, J. Q., Nikonov, N., Nozzoli, F., Oliva, A., Orcinha, M., Palermo, M., Palmonari, F., Paniccia, M., Pashnin, A., Pauluzzi, M., Pensotti, S., Phan, H. D., Piandani, R., Plyaskin, V., Poluianov, S., Qi, X. M., Qin, X., Qu, Z. Y., Quadrani, L., Rancoita, P. G., Rapin, D., Reina Conde, A., Rosier-Lees, S., Rozhkov, A., Rozza, D., Sagdeev, R., Schael, S., Schmidt, S. M., Schulz von Dratzig, A., Schwering, G., Seo, E. S., Shan, B. S., Shi, J. Y., Siedenburg, T., Solano, C., Sonnabend, R., Song, J. W., Sun, Q., Sun, Z. T., Tacconi, M., Tang, X. W., Tang, Z. C., Tian, J., Ting, Samuel C. C., Ting, S. M., Tomassetti, N., Torsti, J., Tüysüz, C., Urban, T., Usoskin, I., Vagelli, V., Vainio, R., Valente, E., Valtonen, E., Vázquez Acosta, M., Vecchi, M., Velasco, M., Vialle, J. P., Wallmann, C., Wang, L. Q., Wang, N. H., Wang, Q. L., Wang, S., Wang, X., Wang, Z. X., Wei, J., Weng, Z. L., Wu, H., Xiong, R. Q., Xu, W., Yan, Q., Yang, Y., Yi, H., Yu, Y. J., Yu, Z. Q., Zannoni, M., Zhang, C., Zhang, F., Zhang, F. Z., Zhang, J. H., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zheng, Z. M., Zhuang, H. L., Zhukov, V., Zichichi, A., Zimmermann, N., Zuccon, P., Aguilar, M, Ali Cavasonza, L, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Barao, F, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Başeğmez-du Pree, S, Battiston, R, Becker, U, Behlmann, M, Beischer, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, de Boer, W, Bollweg, K, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Burmeister, S, Cai, X, Capell, M, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Chouridou, S, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Dai, Y, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirköz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Felice, V, Díaz, C, Dimiccoli, F, von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Freeman, C, Galaktionov, Y, Gámez, C, García-López, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gebauer, I, Gervasi, M, Giovacchini, F, Gómez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Guo, K, Haino, S, Han, K, Hashmani, R, He, Z, Heber, B, Hsieh, T, Hu, J, Huang, Z, Incagli, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Kanishev, K, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kirn, T, Konyushikhin, M, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Kuhlman, A, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Li, J, Li, M, Li, Q, Li, S, Li, T, Li, Z, Light, C, Lin, C, Lippert, T, Liu, Z, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Lyu, S, Machate, F, Mañá, C, Marín, J, Marquardt, J, Martin, T, Martínez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mo, D, Molero, M, Mott, P, Mussolin, L, Ni, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palermo, M, Palmonari, F, Paniccia, M, Pashnin, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Phan, H, Piandani, R, Plyaskin, V, Poluianov, S, Qi, X, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Quadrani, L, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Reina Conde, A, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, Schmidt, S, Schulz von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shan, B, Shi, J, Siedenburg, T, Solano, C, Sonnabend, R, Song, J, Sun, Q, Sun, Z, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tian, J, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Tüysüz, C, Urban, T, Usoskin, I, Vagelli, V, Vainio, R, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vázquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Wallmann, C, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Z, Wei, J, Weng, Z, Wu, H, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, Y, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zimmermann, N, Zuccon, P, Aguilar, M., Ali Cavasonza, L., Ambrosi, G., Arruda, L., Attig, N., Barao, F., Barrin, L., Bartoloni, A., Başeğmez-du Pree, S., Battiston, R., Becker, U., Behlmann, M., Beischer, B., Berdugo, J., Bertucci, B., Bindi, V., de Boer, W., Bollweg, K., Borgia, B., Boschini, M. J., Bourquin, M., Bueno, E. F., Burger, J., Burger, W. J., Burmeister, S., Cai, X. D., Capell, M., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cervelli, F., Chang, Y. H., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. S., Chen, Y., Cheng, L., Chou, H. Y., Chouridou, S., Choutko, V., Chung, C. H., Clark, C., Coignet, G., Consolandi, C., Contin, A., Corti, C., Cui, Z., Dadzie, K., Dai, Y. M., Delgado, C., Della Torre, S., Demirköz, M. B., Derome, L., Di Falco, S., Di Felice, V., Díaz, C., Dimiccoli, F., von Doetinchem, P., Dong, F., Donnini, F., Duranti, M., Egorov, A., Eline, A., Feng, J., Fiandrini, E., Fisher, P., Formato, V., Freeman, C., Galaktionov, Y., Gámez, C., García-López, R. J., Gargiulo, C., Gast, H., Gebauer, I., Gervasi, M., Giovacchini, F., Gómez-Coral, D. M., Gong, J., Goy, C., Grabski, V., Grandi, D., Graziani, M., Guo, K. H., Haino, S., Han, K. C., Hashmani, R. K., He, Z. H., Heber, B., Hsieh, T. H., Hu, J. Y., Huang, Z. C., Incagli, M., Jang, W. Y., Jia, Yi, Jinchi, H., Kanishev, K., Khiali, B., Kim, G. N., Kirn, Th., Konyushikhin, M., Kounina, O., Kounine, A., Koutsenko, V., Kuhlman, A., Kulemzin, A., La Vacca, G., Laudi, E., Laurenti, G., Lazzizzera, I., Lebedev, A., Lee, H. T., Lee, S. C., Li, J. Q., Li, M., Li, Q., Li, S., Li, T. X., Li, Z. H., Light, C., Lin, C. H., Lippert, T., Liu, Z., Lu, S. Q., Lu, Y. S., Luebelsmeyer, K., Luo, J. Z., Lyu, S. S., Machate, F., Mañá, C., Marín, J., Marquardt, J., Martin, T., Martínez, G., Masi, N., Maurin, D., Menchaca-Rocha, A., Meng, Q., Mo, D. C., Molero, M., Mott, P., Mussolin, L., Ni, J. Q., Nikonov, N., Nozzoli, F., Oliva, A., Orcinha, M., Palermo, M., Palmonari, F., Paniccia, M., Pashnin, A., Pauluzzi, M., Pensotti, S., Phan, H. D., Piandani, R., Plyaskin, V., Poluianov, S., Qi, X. M., Qin, X., Qu, Z. Y., Quadrani, L., Rancoita, P. G., Rapin, D., Reina Conde, A., Rosier-Lees, S., Rozhkov, A., Rozza, D., Sagdeev, R., Schael, S., Schmidt, S. M., Schulz von Dratzig, A., Schwering, G., Seo, E. S., Shan, B. S., Shi, J. Y., Siedenburg, T., Solano, C., Sonnabend, R., Song, J. W., Sun, Q., Sun, Z. T., Tacconi, M., Tang, X. W., Tang, Z. C., Tian, J., Ting, Samuel C. C., Ting, S. M., Tomassetti, N., Torsti, J., Tüysüz, C., Urban, T., Usoskin, I., Vagelli, V., Vainio, R., Valente, E., Valtonen, E., Vázquez Acosta, M., Vecchi, M., Velasco, M., Vialle, J. P., Wallmann, C., Wang, L. Q., Wang, N. H., Wang, Q. L., Wang, S., Wang, X., Wang, Z. X., Wei, J., Weng, Z. L., Wu, H., Xiong, R. Q., Xu, W., Yan, Q., Yang, Y., Yi, H., Yu, Y. J., Yu, Z. Q., Zannoni, M., Zhang, C., Zhang, F., Zhang, F. Z., Zhang, J. H., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zheng, Z. M., Zhuang, H. L., Zhukov, V., Zichichi, A., Zimmermann, N., and Zuccon, P.

Abstract

We report the observation of new properties of primary cosmic rays, neon (Ne), magnesium (Mg), and silicon (Si), measured in the rigidity range 2.15 GV to 3.0 TV with 1.8 × 10^6 Ne, 2.2 × 10^6 Mg, and 1.6 × 10^6 Si nuclei collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer experiment on the International Space Station. The Ne and Mg spectra have identical rigidity dependence above 3.65 GV. The three spectra have identical rigidity dependence above 86.5 GV, deviate from a single power law above 200 GV, and harden in an identical way. Unexpectedly, above 86.5 GV the rigidity dependence of primary cosmic rays Ne, Mg, and Si spectra is different from the rigidity dependence of primary cosmic rays He, C, and O. This shows that the Ne, Mg, and Si and He, C, and O are two different classes of primary cosmic rays.

Published
2020

48. Instability of short arm of acrocentric chromosomes: Lesson from non-acrocentric satellited chromosomes. report of 24 unrelated cases

Author

Redaelli, S, Conconi, D, Villa, N, Sala, E, Crosti, F, Corti, C, Catusi, I, Garzo, M, Romitti, L, Martinoli, E, Patrizi, A, Malgara, R, Recalcati, M, Dalpra, L, Lavitrano, M, Riva, P, Roversi, G, Bentivegna, A, Redaelli S., Conconi D., Villa N., Sala E., Crosti F., Corti C., Catusi I., Garzo M., Romitti L., Martinoli E., Patrizi A., Malgara R., Recalcati M. P., Dalpra L., Lavitrano M., Riva P., Roversi G., Bentivegna A., Redaelli, S, Conconi, D, Villa, N, Sala, E, Crosti, F, Corti, C, Catusi, I, Garzo, M, Romitti, L, Martinoli, E, Patrizi, A, Malgara, R, Recalcati, M, Dalpra, L, Lavitrano, M, Riva, P, Roversi, G, Bentivegna, A, Redaelli S., Conconi D., Villa N., Sala E., Crosti F., Corti C., Catusi I., Garzo M., Romitti L., Martinoli E., Patrizi A., Malgara R., Recalcati M. P., Dalpra L., Lavitrano M., Riva P., Roversi G., and Bentivegna A.

Abstract

Satellited non-acrocentric autosomal chromosomes (ps–qs-chromosomes) are the result of an interchange between sub-or telomeric regions of autosomes and the p arm of acrocentrics. The sequence homology at the rearrangement breakpoints appears to be, among others, the most frequent mechanism generating these variant chromosomes. The unbalanced carriers of this type of translocation may or may not display phenotypic abnormalities. With the aim to understand the causative mechanism, we revised all the ps–qs-chromosomes identified in five medical genetics laboratories, which used the same procedures for karyotype analysis, reporting 24 unrelated cases involving eight chromosomes. In conclusion, we observed three different scenarios: true translocation, benign variant and complex rearrangement. The detection of translocation partners is essential to evaluate possible euchromatic unbalances and to infer their effect on phenotype. Moreover, we emphasize the importance to perform both, molecular and conventional cytogenetics methods, to better understand the behavior of our genome.

Published
2020

49. Properties of a New Group of Cosmic Nuclei: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on Sodium, Aluminum, and Nitrogen

Author

Aguilar, M., Cavasonza, L. Ali, Alpat, B., Ambrosi, G., Arruda, L., Attig, N., Barao, F., Barrin, L., Bartoloni, A., Başeğmez-du Pree, S., Battiston, R., Behlmann, M., Beranek, B., Berdugo, J., Bertucci, B., Bindi, V., Bollweg, K., Borgia, B., Boschini, M. J., Bourquin, M., Bueno, E. F., Burger, J., Burger, W. J., Burmeister, S., Cai, X. D., Capell, M., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cervelli, F., Chang, Y. H., Chen, G. M., Chen, G. R., Chen, H. S., Chen, Y., Cheng, L., Chou, H. Y., Chouridou, S., Choutko, V., Chung, C. H., Clark, C., Coignet, G., Consolandi, C., Contin, A., Corti, C., Cui, Z., Dadzie, K., Delgado, C., Della Torre, S., Demirköz, M. B., Derome, L., Di Falco, S., Di Felice, V., Díaz, C., Dimiccoli, F., von Doetinchem, P., Dong, F., Donnini, F., Duranti, M., Egorov, A., Eline, A., Feng, J., Fiandrini, E., Fisher, P., Formato, V., Freeman, C., Gámez, C., García-López, R. J., Gargiulo, C., Gast, H., Gervasi, M., Giovacchini, F., Gómez-Coral, D. M., Gong, J., Goy, C., Grabski, V., Grandi, D., Graziani, M., Haino, S., Han, K. C., Hashmani, R. K., He, Z. H., Heber, B., Hsieh, T. H., Hu, J. Y., Incagli, M., Jang, W. Y., Jia, Yi, Jinchi, H., Khiali, B., Kim, G. N., Kirn, Th., Konyushikhin, M., Kounina, O., Kounine, A., Koutsenko, V., Krasnopevtsev, D., Kuhlman, A., Kulemzin, A., La Vacca, G., Laudi, E., Laurenti, G., Lazzizzera, I., Lebedev, A., Lee, H. T., Lee, S. C., Li, J. Q., Li, M., Li, Q., Li, S., Li, J. H., Li, Z. H., Liang, J., Light, C., Lin, C. H., Lippert, T., Liu, J. H., Liu, Z., Lu, S. Q., Lu, Y. S., Luebelsmeyer, K., Luo, J. Z., Luo, Xi, Machate, F., Mañá, C., Marín, J., Marquardt, J., Martin, T., Martínez, G., Masi, N., Maurin, D., Medvedeva, T., Menchaca-Rocha, A., Meng, Q., Mikhailov, V. V., Molero, M., Mott, P., Mussolin, L., Negrete, J., Nikonov, N., Nozzoli, F., Oliva, A., Orcinha, M., Palermo, M., Palmonari, F., Paniccia, M., Pashnin, A., Pauluzzi, M., Pensotti, S., Phan, H. D., Plyaskin, V., Pohl, M., Poluianov, S., Qin, X., Qu, Z. Y., Quadrani, L., Rancoita, P. G., Rapin, D., Conde, A. Reina, Robyn, E., Rosier-Lees, S., Rozhkov, A., Rozza, D., Sagdeev, R., Schael, S., von Dratzig, A. Schulz, Schwering, G., Seo, E. S., Shakfa, Z., Shan, B. S., Siedenburg, T., Solano, C., Song, J. W., Song, X. J., Sonnabend, R., Strigari, L., Su, T., Sun, Q., Sun, Z. T., Tacconi, M., Tang, X. W., Tang, Z. C., Tian, J., Ting, Samuel C. C., Ting, S. M., Tomassetti, N., Torsti, J., Tüysüz, C., Urban, T., Usoskin, I., Vagelli, V., Vainio, R., Valencia-Otero, M., Valente, E., Valtonen, E., Vázquez Acosta, M., Vecchi, M., Velasco, M., Vialle, J. P., Wang, C. X., Wang, L., Wang, L. Q., Wang, N. H., Wang, Q. L., Wang, S., Wang, X., Wang, Yu, Wang, Z. M., Wei, J., Weng, Z. L., Wu, H., Xiong, R. Q., Xu, W., Yan, Q., Yang, Y., Yashin, I. I., Yi, H., Yu, Y. M., Yu, Z. Q., Zannoni, M., Zhang, C., Zhang, F., Zhang, F. Z., Zhang, J. H., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zheng, C., Zheng, Z. M., Zhuang, H. L., Zhukov, V., Zichichi, A., Zuccon, P., Aguilar, M., Cavasonza, L. Ali, Alpat, B., Ambrosi, G., Arruda, L., Attig, N., Barao, F., Barrin, L., Bartoloni, A., Başeğmez-du Pree, S., Battiston, R., Behlmann, M., Beranek, B., Berdugo, J., Bertucci, B., Bindi, V., Bollweg, K., Borgia, B., Boschini, M. J., Bourquin, M., Bueno, E. F., Burger, J., Burger, W. J., Burmeister, S., Cai, X. D., Capell, M., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cervelli, F., Chang, Y. H., Chen, G. M., Chen, G. R., Chen, H. S., Chen, Y., Cheng, L., Chou, H. Y., Chouridou, S., Choutko, V., Chung, C. H., Clark, C., Coignet, G., Consolandi, C., Contin, A., Corti, C., Cui, Z., Dadzie, K., Delgado, C., Della Torre, S., Demirköz, M. B., Derome, L., Di Falco, S., Di Felice, V., Díaz, C., Dimiccoli, F., von Doetinchem, P., Dong, F., Donnini, F., Duranti, M., Egorov, A., Eline, A., Feng, J., Fiandrini, E., Fisher, P., Formato, V., Freeman, C., Gámez, C., García-López, R. J., Gargiulo, C., Gast, H., Gervasi, M., Giovacchini, F., Gómez-Coral, D. M., Gong, J., Goy, C., Grabski, V., Grandi, D., Graziani, M., Haino, S., Han, K. C., Hashmani, R. K., He, Z. H., Heber, B., Hsieh, T. H., Hu, J. Y., Incagli, M., Jang, W. Y., Jia, Yi, Jinchi, H., Khiali, B., Kim, G. N., Kirn, Th., Konyushikhin, M., Kounina, O., Kounine, A., Koutsenko, V., Krasnopevtsev, D., Kuhlman, A., Kulemzin, A., La Vacca, G., Laudi, E., Laurenti, G., Lazzizzera, I., Lebedev, A., Lee, H. T., Lee, S. C., Li, J. Q., Li, M., Li, Q., Li, S., Li, J. H., Li, Z. H., Liang, J., Light, C., Lin, C. H., Lippert, T., Liu, J. H., Liu, Z., Lu, S. Q., Lu, Y. S., Luebelsmeyer, K., Luo, J. Z., Luo, Xi, Machate, F., Mañá, C., Marín, J., Marquardt, J., Martin, T., Martínez, G., Masi, N., Maurin, D., Medvedeva, T., Menchaca-Rocha, A., Meng, Q., Mikhailov, V. V., Molero, M., Mott, P., Mussolin, L., Negrete, J., Nikonov, N., Nozzoli, F., Oliva, A., Orcinha, M., Palermo, M., Palmonari, F., Paniccia, M., Pashnin, A., Pauluzzi, M., Pensotti, S., Phan, H. D., Plyaskin, V., Pohl, M., Poluianov, S., Qin, X., Qu, Z. Y., Quadrani, L., Rancoita, P. G., Rapin, D., Conde, A. Reina, Robyn, E., Rosier-Lees, S., Rozhkov, A., Rozza, D., Sagdeev, R., Schael, S., von Dratzig, A. Schulz, Schwering, G., Seo, E. S., Shakfa, Z., Shan, B. S., Siedenburg, T., Solano, C., Song, J. W., Song, X. J., Sonnabend, R., Strigari, L., Su, T., Sun, Q., Sun, Z. T., Tacconi, M., Tang, X. W., Tang, Z. C., Tian, J., Ting, Samuel C. C., Ting, S. M., Tomassetti, N., Torsti, J., Tüysüz, C., Urban, T., Usoskin, I., Vagelli, V., Vainio, R., Valencia-Otero, M., Valente, E., Valtonen, E., Vázquez Acosta, M., Vecchi, M., Velasco, M., Vialle, J. P., Wang, C. X., Wang, L., Wang, L. Q., Wang, N. H., Wang, Q. L., Wang, S., Wang, X., Wang, Yu, Wang, Z. M., Wei, J., Weng, Z. L., Wu, H., Xiong, R. Q., Xu, W., Yan, Q., Yang, Y., Yashin, I. I., Yi, H., Yu, Y. M., Yu, Z. Q., Zannoni, M., Zhang, C., Zhang, F., Zhang, F. Z., Zhang, J. H., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zheng, C., Zheng, Z. M., Zhuang, H. L., Zhukov, V., Zichichi, A., and Zuccon, P.

Abstract

We report the properties of sodium (Na) and aluminum (Al) cosmic rays in the rigidity range 2.15 GV to 3.0 TV based on 0.46 million sodium and 0.51 million aluminum nuclei collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer experiment on the International Space Station. We found that Na and Al, together with nitrogen (N), belong to a distinct cosmic ray group. In this group, we observe that, similar to the N flux, both the Na flux and Al flux are well described by the sums of a primary cosmic ray component (proportional to the silicon flux) and a secondary cosmic ray component (proportional to the fluorine flux). The fraction of the primary component increases with rigidity for the N, Na, and Al fluxes and becomes dominant at the highest rigidities. The Na/Si and Al/Si abundance ratios at the source, 0.036±0.003 for Na/Si and 0.103±0.004 for Al/Si, are determined independent of cosmic ray propagation.

Published
2022

50. Congenital heart defects in monochorionic twin pregnancy complicated by selective fetal growth restriction.

Author

Faiola, S., Casati, D., Nelva Stellio, L., Laoreti, A., Corti, C., Mannarino, S., Lanna, M., and Cetin, I.

Subjects
MULTIPLE pregnancy, FETAL growth retardation, CONGENITAL heart disease, TWINS, PREGNANCY complications, FETAL monitoring
Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence, subtypes and postnatal outcomes of congenital heart defects (CHD) in a cohort of monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twin pregnancies complicated by selective fetal growth restriction (sFGR), and to compare this population with a cohort of uncomplicated MCDA pregnancies evaluated during the same period. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of all consecutive MCDA pregnancies referred between 2009 and 2018, including those complicated by sFGR (Group A) and those without complications (Group B). All neonates delivered in our center were screened for CHD before discharge. Discharge letters for all those delivered elsewhere were retrieved. Pregnancies with complications other than sFGR and those without perinatal follow‐up were excluded. Pregnancies in Group A were divided into three types according to the Gratacós system of sFGR classification. Results: A total of 870 MCDA twin pregnancies were included: 296 in Group A and 574 in Group B. In Group A, the prevalence of CHD was 3.7% (22/592 twins), with no significant difference in CHD frequency between the three types of sFGR (Type I, 3.7%; Type II, 3.2%; Type III, 4.2%; P = 0.55). Of four Type‐III sFGR pregnancies with CHD, one had pulmonary stenosis (PS) in the larger twin and isolated coarctation of the aorta in the smaller cotwin, and three had PS in the larger twin only. No Type‐III sFGR pregnancies in which only the smaller twin was affected by CHD were observed. Of 11 CHD cases in the larger twin, 10 (91%) were right ventricular outflow tract abnormalities (RVOTA), and one (9%) was a ventricular septal defect. In the smaller twins, 11 cases of CHD were observed, covering a broad spectrum of cardiac abnormalities. In Group B, the CHD prevalence was 1.1% (13/1148 twins), which was similar to that in the general population, according to the EUROCAT registry for the same period and geographical area of the study (0.96%; P = 0.579). The CHD prevalence was significantly higher in Group A compared with Group B (3.7% vs 1.1%; P = 0.0002; odds ratio, 3.57 (95% CI, 1.78–7.22)). In all pregnancies with CHD in the study population, the anomaly was discordant. Conclusions: In MCDA twin pregnancy, sFGR was associated with a three‐fold higher prevalence of CHD. Women with such pregnancies should be referred to a tertiary care hospital for pre‐ and postnatal cardiac evaluation, treatment and long‐term follow‐up. In larger twins, the only major CHD observed was RVOTA, while a broad spectrum of CHD was noted in smaller twins. The higher risk of CHD in MCDA pregnancies appears to be due to the typical complications of the monochorionic pregnancy, rather than to the monochorionic nature of the pregnancy itself. © 2022 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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