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Background: Childhood obesity is becoming a serious problem, and prevention programs are needed. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate, after 1 y, the effectiveness of a multicomponent, school-based obesity intervention program. Methods: This intervention, conducted in Barcelona, Spain, was a quasi-experimental obesity primary prevention intervention targeting schoolchildren aged 9-10 y. Participants were assigned to an intervention group (IG) (1464 students) or to a comparison group (CG) (1609 students). The intervention consisted of a 9-session classroom program, 6 weekly sessions of physical education and out-of-school physical activity, and a workshop for families. It lasted from October 2011 to May 2012. Data obtained at baseline (spring 2011) and follow-up (spring 2012) included information on nutrition and physical activity, through 2 self-reported questionnaires, and measurement of weight, height, triceps skinfold thickness, and waist circumference. The cumulative incidence rate (CIR) of obesity was calculated from triceps skinfold measures. A multilevel logistic regression model was fitted to determine the association between the intervention and the CIR of obesity. The effect size of the program was estimated with Cohen's criteria. Results: The overall prevalence of obesity at baseline was 12.7%. At the 12-mo follow-up, the incidence of obesity was 7.8% in the IG compared with 11.4% in the CG (P < 0.005), representing 31% fewer new cases of obesity in the IG. The Cohen's d effect size of the program was 0.33. In the multilevel analysis, there was a protective effect of the intervention on the CIR of obesity at 12 mo (OR: 0.7; 95% CI: 0.5, 0.9) (P = 0.009). Conclusions: The first Prevencion de la Obesidad Infantil en Barcelona (Childhood Obesity Prevention in Barcelona) (POIBA) intervention, targeting children aged 9-10 y, reduced the incidence of obesity as measured by adiposity. The intervention could prevent 1 in 3 new cases of childhood obesity in this age range.

BackgroundThe proportion of older people has dramatically increased in recent decades. Moreover, social and demographic trends show a global increase of older people at risk of loneliness and lack of social relationships. The objective of this study was to evaluate the process, the effectiveness and the cost-effectiveness of a planned 22 weekly group sessions called School of Health for Older People to reduce social isolation.MethodsThis is a mixed methods multi-approach evaluation that includes: 1) A qualitative evaluation among coordinators and participants taking part in the intervention, through in depth-interviews and focus groups, respectively. The main topics covered will be positive and negative aspects of the intervention, suggestions for its improvement, opinions on different aspects of the intervention, and perceived benefits; 2) A quantitative quasi-experimental design, comparing a group of individuals taking part in the intervention with another group with similar characteristics not receiving the intervention. Data will be collected at the beginning and at the end of the intervention. Social support will be measured through questions drawn from the Medical Outcomes Study and the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project questionnaires. Psychological morbidity will be measured through Goldberg's General Health Questionnaire, and Health-related Quality of Life will be measured through the EuroQoL questionnaire. Information on visits to the primary care center in the years before and after the intervention will be obtained from the electronic records of the primary care centers; 3) A cost-utility analysis, which will be conducted from a health system (primary care) perspective, including direct costs of the program and the primary care health services used. The effects of the intervention will be measured on quality-adjusted life years.DiscussionThere is an urgent need for studies assessing the effectiveness and the efficiency of potential interventions to reduce social isolation among older persons. The results of this study will help to fill the knowledge gap in this area and might be especially useful for the development of social and public health policies and programs for older people in disadvantaged neighborhoods in urban areas.Trial registrationNCT03142048 retrospectively registered (April 11, 2017).

Introduction: childhood overweight and obesity have increased progressively in the last decades, especially in countries of Southern Europe. Objective: to analyze the association of overweight and obesity childhood in the city of Barcelona according to socioeconomic variables in schoolchildren in third grade primary school. Methods: transversal study. Study population: third grade primary school students in the city of Barcelona in year 2011 (n = 3,624). Body mass index was studied as the dependent variable, and sex, age, social class, parental status, origin, ownership school, neighborhood socioeconomic status of the school and district were studied as independent. Logistic regression models were analyzed, obtaining odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results: the prevalence of overweight and obesity in childhood were 24.5% and 13.8%, respectively. The variables associated with obesity were: boy (OR = 1.26; 95% CI = 1.02-1.57), low socioeconomic status (OR = 1.60; 95% CI = 1.16-2.20), single-parent family (OR = 1.35; 95% CI = 1.03-1.77), immigrant (OR = 1.68; 95% CI = 1.33-2.13) and living in one of the less favored districts of Barcelona. Conclusions: it is evident that social class, origin, family status and the district of residence play an important role in childhood obesity.

of: ESC Congress 2008, Munich, Germany, 30 August - 3 September 2008 The three-dimensional (3D) arrangement of the myocardial fibers (MF) plays an important role in systolic and diastolic function of the left ventricle (LV). We hypothesized that the full spatial distribution of MF can be characterized by tracking ultrasound speckles along image voxels, provided that a 3D ultrasound sequence is acquired at sufficient spatial resolution Publicado

We report two cases of superficial siderosis of central nervous system. In one case it was idiopathic and in the other secondary to an unidentified subarachnoid hemorrhage. The symptoms that characterized the clinical picture of both were gait disturbance and hypoacusis. The MRI study showed a superficial rim of hypointensity that covered the cerebellum and brainstem, and extended along the cranial nerves and the brain surface. The findings were clearer in the T2 spin echo series. Due to the high sensitivity for hemosiderin deposits, MRI made it possible to make the final diagnosis of this rare disease.

Objective. To characterize clinically patients with cognitive impairment and frontal lobe degeneration at neuroimaging. Patients and methods. Patients diagnosed of dementia or mild neurocognitive impairment by DSM-IV criteria and neuropsychological tests with frontal lobe atrophy and hipoperfusion detected by computed tomography and single photon emission computed tomography. Results. 18 patients, 5:1 on behalf of women; mean age at onset, 74 years; hereditary for dementia, 38%; mean duration of illness at first testing, 2 years; the most common initial symptoms, memory loss. At initial examination, psychotic or behavioral impairment was found in 61% and parkinsonism in 38%, the commonest cognitive troubles at this moment was the executive function, language and anterograde memory dysfunctions at the same rate. Frontal lobe atrophy and hypoperfusion was found in 100%, temporal in 88% and parietal in 38%. Electroencephalogram was pathological in 33%. The course of the disease was progressive but with fluctuation in 27%. Frontotemporal dementia clinical criteria in 13 patients, 4 of them clinical criteria of dementia with Lewy bodies too, and clinical criteria of Alzheimer's disease in 5.

propone un nuevo método de síntesis para la natrojarosita, después de aislar una serie de sólidos de fórmula general: Nax(H3O)1-x Fe3(SO4)3 (OH)6 en los cuales se estudia la sustitución isomórfica de Na+ por H3O+. Se aportan nuevos datos sobre el proceso de descomposición térmica. [ABSTRACT] Natrojarosite has been obtained by a new method, after preparing a series of general formula: Nax(H3O)1-x Fe3(SO4)3 (OH)6. New data about the thermal descomposition of natrojarosite are given.

Se han sintetizado y determinado los límites de estabilidad de las fases Fe(OH)S04 y H30Fe3(S04)Z(OH)6, por hidrólisis espontánea de soluciones de sulfato férrico de distintas concentraciones, ensayándose un nuevo método de síntesis para H30Fe3 (S04)Z (OH)6. Se ha realizado además su estudio de I.R., descomposición térmica y propiedades magnéticas. [ABSTRACTS] Fe(OH)S04 and H30Fe3 (S04)Z (OH)6 can be obtained from the hydrolisis of Fez (S04)3 .9HzO aqueous solutions. The limits of stability fer both phases, which were characterized by chemical, X-Ray and I.R. analysis, as well as the thermal descomposition and magnetic properties of the mentioned compounds, are studied.