Search

Introdução: As tecnologias portáteis cada vez mais estão sendo utilizadas e tornaram-se necessárias para o dia a dia da população de maneira geral, entretanto, o uso em excesso, más posturas durante o uso, padrão inadequado ergonômico, potencializado pelo sedentarismo, estresse, expõem seus usuários a riscos de desenvolver processos agudos e crônicos de dor e possíveis lesões osteomioarticulares. Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência dos sintomas osteomioarticulares pelo uso de tecnologias portáteis em docentes de uma instituição privada. Materiais e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e observacional transversal, de caráter quantitativo, composta por uma amostra de 68 docentes do centro de ciências biológicas e da saúde na Universidade da Amazônia. Os dados obtidos, e variáveis encontradas foram analisados de maneira rigorosa, visando eliminar erros no processo de mensuração e análise pelo pesquisador, utilizando o programa Microsoft Excel® 2010, para a tabulação dos dados e elaboração das tabelas. Resultados: Como resultados, foi constatado que docentes de uma instituição privada apresentam sintomas osteomioarticulares pelo uso de tecnologias portáteis em grande maioria e em mais de um segmento do corpo. Discussão: Quando comparado a outras evidências recentes, os resultados obtidos pelo estudo revelam dados condizentes. Conclusão: A partir dos dados obtidos pode-se estabelecer notória prevalência de sintomas osteomioarticulares durante o uso do smartphone e notebook, e tais queixas, são relacionadas principalmente ao tempo de uso, somado a fatores psicossociais também alterados.

[ES] En este estudio se plantea como hipótesis que aquellos pacientes con intoxicación etílica aguda tras un CIA o binge drinking presentan una activación de la respuesta inmune innata en sangre periférica frente a los sujetos sanos. Como consecuencia, estos pacientes presentarán un incremento de los niveles plasmáticos del ARNm de TLR y citocinas pro-inflamatorias. El objetivo del estudio pretende determinar la activación de la respuesta inmune innata en sangre periférica de pacientes con CIA o binge drinking en comparación con sujetos sanos.

Heavy binge drinking in adolescence can cause long-term cognitive and behavioral dysfunctions. Recent experimental evidence indicates the participation of immune system activation in the effects of ethanol in the adolescent brain and suggests gender differences. The present study aims to assess plasma cytokine and chemokine levels in male and female adolescents and young adults during acute alcohol intoxication and to correlate these results with the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) response. The potential role of the TLR4 signaling response was also assessed in plasma and prefrontal cortex (PFC) of adolescent wild-type and TLR4-knockout male and female mice with binge ethanol treatment. The results showed that alcohol intoxication increased the plasma levels of several cytokine and chemokine [interferon-γ, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-17A, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, fractalkine, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP-1α)] and the upregulation of TLR4 mRNA levels occurred in intoxicated females, while elevation of colony-stimulating factor was only observed in the plasma of males. In wild-type female adolescent mice, intermittent ethanol treatment increased the levels of several cytokines (IL-17A and IL-1β) and chemokines (MCP-1, MIP-1α and fractalkine) in PFC and in serum (IL-17A, MCP-1 and MIP-1α), but significant differences in the fractalkine levels in PFC were observed only in male mice. No changes in serum or prefrontal cortex cytokine and chemokine levels were noted in ethanol-treated male or female TLR4-knockout mice. Our findings revealed that females are more vulnerable than males to inflammatory effects of binge ethanol drinking and suggested that TLR4 is an important target of ethanol-induced inflammation and neuroinflammation in adolescence.

Current studies evidence the role of miRNAs in extracellular vesicles (EVs) as key regulators of pathological processes, including neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. As EVs can cross the blood&ndash, brain barrier, and EV miRNAs are very stable in peripheral circulation, we evaluated the potential gender differences in inflammatory-regulated miRNAs levels in human and murine plasma EVs derived from alcohol-intoxicated female and male adolescents, and whether these miRNAs could be used as biomarkers of neuroinflammation. We demonstrated that while alcohol intoxication lowers anti-inflammatory miRNA (mir-146a-5p, mir-21-5p, mir-182-5p) levels in plasma EVs from human and mice female adolescents, these EV miRNAs increased in males. In mice brain cortices, ethanol treatment lowers mir-146a-5p and mir-21-5p levels, while triggering a higher expression of inflammatory target genes (Traf6, Stat3, and Camk2a) in adolescent female mice. These results indicate, for the first time, that female and male adolescents differ as regards the ethanol effects associated with the inflammatory-related plasma miRNAs EVs profile, and suggest that female adolescents are more vulnerable than males to the inflammatory effects of binge alcohol drinking. These findings also support the view that circulating miRNAs in EVs could be useful biomarkers for screening ethanol-induced neuroinflammation and brain damage in adolescence.

BACKGROUND: Alcohol binge drinking is one of the most common patterns of excessive alcohol use and recent data would suggest that histone deacetylases (HDACs) gene expression profiling could be useful as a biomarker for psychiatric disorders. METHODS: This study aimed to characterize the gene expression patterns of Hdac 1-11 in samples of rat peripheral blood, liver, heart, prefrontal cortex, and amygdala following repeated binge alcohol consumption and to determine the parallelism of Hdac gene expression between rats and humans in peripheral blood. To accomplish this goal, we examined Hdac gene expression following 1, 4, or 8 alcohol binges (3 g/kg, orally) in the rat, in patients who were admitted to the hospital emergency department for acute alcohol intoxication, and in rats trained in daily operant alcohol self-administration. RESULTS: We primarily found that acute alcohol binging reduced gene expression (Hdac1-10) in the peripheral blood of alcohol-naïve rats and that this effect was attenuated following repeated alcohol binges. There was also a reduction of Hdac gene expression in the liver (Hdac2,4,5), whereas there was increased expression in the heart (Hdac1,7,8) and amygdala (Hdac1,2,5). Additionally, increased blood alcohol concentrations were measured in rat blood at 1 to 4 hours following repeated alcohol binging, and the only group that developed hepatic steotosis (fatty liver) were those animals exposed to 8 alcohol binge events. Finally, both binge consumption of alcohol in humans and daily operant alcohol self-administration in rats increased Hdac gene expression in peripheral blood. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that increases in HDAC gene expression within the peripheral blood are associated with chronic alcohol consumption, whereas HDAC gene expression is reduced following initial exposure to alcohol. This work was supported by The European Foundation for Alcohol Research (to JAL-M, FRdF, RM, RN, and MPV), the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (Red de Trastornos Adictivos, FEDER, RD12/0028/0015 to JAL-M, RD12/0028/001 to FRdF, RD12/0028/023 to RM, RD12/0028/0014 to RN, RD12/0028/1021 to MPV, RD12/0028/0008 to F-JL; and PI10/01692 to MM), and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (SAF2011-26818 to JAL-M)

Heavy binge drinking in adolescence can cause long-term cognitive and behavioral dysfunctions. Recent experimental evidence indicates the participation of immune system activation in the effects of ethanol in the adolescent brain and suggests gender differences. The present study aims to assess plasma cytokine and chemokine levels in male and female adolescents and young adults during acute alcohol intoxication and to correlate these results with the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) response. The potential role of the TLR4 signaling response was also assessed in plasma and prefrontal cortex (PFC) of adolescent wild-type and TLR4-knockout male and female mice with binge ethanol treatment. The results showed that alcohol intoxication increased the plasma levels of several cytokine and chemokine [interferon-gamma, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-17A, IL-beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, fractalkine, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein 1 (MIP-1)] and the upregulation of TLR4 mRNA levels occurred in intoxicated females, while elevation of colony-stimulating factor was only observed in the plasma of males. In wild-type female adolescent mice, intermittent ethanol treatment increased the levels of several cytokines (IL-17A and IL-1 beta) and chemokines (MCP-1, MIP-1 and fractalkine) in PFC and in serum (IL-17A, MCP-1 and MIP-alpha), but significant differences in the fractalkine levels in PFC were observed only in male mice. No changes in serum or prefrontal cortex cytokine and chemokine levels were noted in ethanol-treated male or female TLR4-knockout mice. Our findings revealed that females are more vulnerable than males to inflammatory effects of binge ethanol drinking and suggested that TLR4 is an important target of ethanol-induced inflammation and neuroinflammation in adolescence.

Heavy binge drinking in adolescence can cause long-term cognitive and behavioral dysfunctions. Recent experimental evidence indicates the participation of immune system activation in the effects of ethanol in the adolescent brain and suggests gender differences. The present study aims to assess plasma cytokine and chemokine levels in male and female adolescents and young adults during acute alcohol intoxication and to correlate these results with the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) response. The potential role of the TLR4 signaling response was also assessed in plasma and prefrontal cortex (PFC) of adolescent wild-type and TLR4-knockout male and female mice with binge ethanol treatment. The results showed that alcohol intoxication increased the plasma levels of several cytokine and chemokine [interferon-γ, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-17A, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, fractalkine, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP-1α)] and the upregulation of TLR4 mRNA levels occurred in intoxicated females, while elevation of colony-stimulating factor was only observed in the plasma of males. In wild-type female adolescent mice, intermittent ethanol treatment increased the levels of several cytokines (IL-17A and IL-1β) and chemokines (MCP-1, MIP-1α and fractalkine) in PFC and in serum (IL-17A, MCP-1 and MIP-1α), but significant differences in the fractalkine levels in PFC were observed only in male mice. No changes in serum or prefrontal cortex cytokine and chemokine levels were noted in ethanol-treated male or female TLR4-knockout mice. Our findings revealed that females are more vulnerable than males to inflammatory effects of binge ethanol drinking and suggested that TLR4 is an important target of ethanol-induced inflammation and neuroinflammation in adolescence.

Este trabajo trata de una investigación realizada sobre la implantación del Programa Escuela de Gestores de la Educación Básica Nacional en la Universidad Federal de Paraíba (UFPB) y su impacto en la gestión escolar de los egresados. Para este análisis consideramos como recorte temporal, la clase de 2010. El Programa surgió de la necesidad de construcción de un proceso de formación de gestores escolares, basada en los principios de la gestión democrática en aparcería con el Ministerio de Educación, instituciones federales de enseñanza, secretarias del municipio y provincia. La investigación tuvo el objetivo de analizar la implementación del curso de especialización en Gestión Escolar del Programa Escuela de Gestores para la Educación Básica, identificar las contribuciones del curso para la práctica gestora de sus egresados, caracterizar las dificultades que enfrentan los participantes del curso y conocer las sugerencias que presentan los egresados para la mejoría del desarrollo del curso. Para ello, situamos el PEG el en contexto de la reforma del Estado, estudiamos las políticas de educación superior, la formación continuada en EAD para la educación básica. Recurrimos a las contribuciones teóricas de Gatti (2008-2011), Castro (2007), Kenski (2006), Cury (2005), Almeida (2003), Luck (2000), Oliveira (2000), Paro (2000), entre otros. La investigación se inserta en el abordaje cualitativo. Elegimos como instrumentos de colecta de datos, documentos y entrevistas. El análisis de los datos fue hecho a partir del análisis de contenido, utilizándose las orientaciones de Bardin (2010). Los resultados señalaron que la mayoría de los participantes, poco sabe sobre el proceso de implantación, aunque busca a través del curso, una contribución en la formación del área de gestión y la mejoría de las prácticas gestoras en la escuela. El estudio también reveló que la mayor contribución del programa para los gestores fue el aprendizaje de la sistematización de las acciones de la escuela y el conocimiento teórico. Con relación a la modalidad EAD adoptada, la mayoría afirma que el curso posibilitó formar el hábito de estudio, debido a la característica precipua de la EAD que es la flexibilización del tiempo. Sin embargo, apuntó como dificultad los insuficientes encuentros presenciales por asignatura, el corto plazo para el envío de las actividades, la dificultad al usar el ordenador y el internet. La pesquisa aún revela que para la mejoría del curso es necesario, además de los encuentros presenciales, la disposición de los feedback´s en tiempos ágiles, el apoyo de los asistentes de clase y de los profesores de sala. Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES Este trabalho resultou de uma pesquisa realizada sobre a implantação do Programa Escola de Gestores da Educação Básica Nacional (PEGBN) na Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) e o seu impacto na gestão escolar dos egressos. Para esta análise consideramos como recorte temporal, a turma de 2010, tendo em vista que foi a primeira. Este programa surgiu da necessidade de se construir um processo de formação de gestores escolares, baseada nos princípios da gestão democrática em parceria com o Ministério da Educação, Instituições federais de ensino, secretarias do município e estado. A pesquisa objetivou analisar a implementação do curso de especialização em Gestão Escolar do Programa Escola de Gestores para a Educação Básica, identificar as contribuições do curso para prática gestora dos seus egressos, caracterizar as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos cursistas e conhecer as sugestões apresentadas pelos egressos para a melhoria do desenvolvimento do curso. Especificamente, situamos o Programa Escola de Gestores (PEG) no contexto da reforma do Estado, discutimos as políticas de educação superior, bem como a formação continuada em EAD para a educação básica. Recorremos às contribuições teóricas de Gatti (2008, 2011), Castro (2007), Kenski (2006), Cury (2005), Almeida (2003), Luck (2000), Oliveira (2000), Paro (2000), entre outros. A investigação insere-se na abordagem qualitativa da pesquisa. Elegemos como instrumentos de coleta de dados, documentos e entrevistas. A análise dos dados foi feita a partir da análise das falas sujeitos e os resultados indicam que os cursistas em sua maioria, pouco sabem sobre o processo de implantação, contudo buscam através do curso, uma contribuição na formação da área de gestão e o melhoramento das práticas gestoras na escola. O estudo também revelou que a maior contribuição do programa para os gestores foi a aprendizagem da sistematização das ações da escola e o conhecimento teórico. Em relação a modalidade EAD adotada, afirmam que o curso possibilitou formar o hábito de estudo, devido a característica precípua da EAD que é a flexibilização do tempo, entretanto, apontaram como dificuldade os insuficientes encontros presenciais por disciplina, o curto prazos para o envio das atividades, a dificuldade com a usabilidade do computador e com a Internet. A pesquisa ainda revela que para o melhoramento do curso é necessário, além dos encontros presenciais, a postagem dos feedback´s em tempos ágeis, uma melhor atenção dos assistentes de turma e dos professores de sala.

Treball de recerca realitzat per una alumna d’ensenyament secundari i guardonat amb un Premi CIRIT per fomentar l'esperit científic del Jovent l’any 2008. La recerca aeroespacial avui forma part d’un complex aparell productiu i institucional. Però, quin paper ha de jugar aquesta activitat aristocràtica en un món de desigualtats i d’injustícies socials? Quin paper hi juga, de fet? Quins mecanismes i quins criteris hi ha darrere les decisions en aquest àmbit? Disposem de criteris ètics per avaluar-ne l’oportunitat? En la mesura que un pressupost implica una quantificació en diners de les prioritats d’una societat, és necessari avaluar èticament les inversions en aquest àmbit. Per poder respondre sense simplificar els interrogants plantejats, calia dividir la recerca en tres parts: investigació sobre els organismes públics i els programes concrets que s’encarreguen de gestionar la recerca en matèria aeroespacial; a partir d’aquí, determinació de les justificacions de la recerca que oferien aquestes institucions i anàlisi d’aquestes justificacions a la llum de les dades històriques de què disposem, i, finalment, després d’una consulta prèvia amb especialistes en la matèria, avaluació ètica de les qüestions plantejades a partir dels criteris d’alguns dels filòsofs principals en l’àmbit de l’ètica. L’anàlisi ètica de les dades assolides s’ha desenvolupat considerant, entre altres, criteris d’utilitat, de responsabilitat, de prudència i de justícia. Finalment, s’ha cregut oportú cedir la paraula al criteri aristotèlic de prudència, segons el qual és impossible i indesitjable establir a priori una avaluació d’allò que està bé o malament, ja que l’encert ètic sempre restarà pendent d’una valoració molt acurada de les circumstàncies de l’acció, valoració que, d’altra banda, caldrà actualitzar constantment en funció dels canvis històrics, socials i econòmics.

Aging is an important risk factor for patients with atrial fibrillation. The estimated prevalence of atrial fibrillation in patients aged ≥80 years is 9–10%, with four- to fivefold increased risk of embolic stroke and with an estimated increased stroke risk of 1.45-fold per decade in aging. Older age is also associated with increased risk of major bleeding with oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy. In this chapter, we will focus on the role of oral anticoagulation with new oral anticoagulants, non-vitamin K antagonist, in populations with common comorbid conditions, including age; chronic kidney disease; coronary artery disease, on multiple medication; and frailty. In patients 75 years and older, randomized trials have shown new oral anticoagulants to be as effective as warfarin, or in some cases superior, with an overall better safety profile, consistently reducing rates of intracranial hemorrhages. Prior to considering oral anticoagulant therapy in an elderly frail patient, a comprehensive assessment should be performed to include the risk and benefits, stroke risk, baseline kidney function, cognitive status, mobility and falling risk, multiple medication, nutritional status assessment, and life expectancy.

A semi-interceptive monitor for bunch shape measure-ment has been developed for the LINAC of SPIRAL2. A Bunch Extension Monitor (BEM) is based on the registra-tion of X-rays emitted by the interaction of the beam ions with a thin tungsten wire. The time difference between detected X-rays and accelerating RF gives information about distribution of beam particles along the time axis. These monitors will be installed inside diagnostic boxes on the first five warm sections of the LINAC. The monitor consists of two parts: X-ray detector and mechanical system for positioning the tungsten wire into the beam. Emitted X-rays are registered by microchannel plates with fast readout. Signal processing is performed with constant fraction discriminators and TAC coupled with MCA. Results of bunch shape measurements obtained during commissioning of RFQ for SPIRAL2 are presented., Proceedings of the 5th Int. Beam Instrumentation Conf., IBIC2016, Barcelona, Spain

A new step of the SPIRAL2 commissioning started in December 2015 with the acceleration of a first proton beam at the RFQ exit. A test bench, with all the different diagnostics which will be used on the SPIRAL2 accelerator, was installed directly after the first rebuncher of the MEBT line in order to qualify beams but also to test and make reliable the diagnostic monitors. In 2016, different ion beams are qualified by the diagnostic test bench. This paper describes the results of the energy measurements done by a Time of Flight monitor and the longitudinal measurements using a fast faraday cup., Proceedings of the 5th Int. Beam Instrumentation Conf., IBIC2016, Barcelona, Spain

The SPIRAL2 project is based on a multi-beam superconducting LINAC designed to accelerate 5 mA deuteron beams up to 40 MeV, proton beams up to 33 MeV and 1 mA light and heavy ions (Q/A = 1/3) up to 14.5 MeV/A. The accurate tuning of the LINAC is essential for the operation of SPIRAL2 and requires measurement of the beam transverse position, the phase of the beam with respect to the radiofrequency voltage, the ellipticity of the beam and the beam energy with the help of Beam Position Monitor (BPM) system. The commissioning of the RFQ gave us the opportunity to install a BPM sensor, associated with its electronics, mounted on a test bench. The test bench is a D-plate fully equipped with a complete set of beam diagnostic equipment in order to characterize as completely as possible the beam delivered by the RFQ and to gain experience with the behavior of these diagnostics under beam operation. This paper addresses the first measurements carried with the BPM on the D-plate: intensity, phase, transverse position and ellipticity under 750 keV proton beam operation, Proceedings of the 5th Int. Beam Instrumentation Conf., IBIC2016, Barcelona, Spain

Four instrumentation chains with AC and DC Current Transformers (ACCT-DCCT) will equip the lines of SPIRAL2 facility to measure the beam intensity and line transmissions. These measures are essential to tune and supervise the beam, to assure the thermal protection of the accelerator and to control that the intensities and transmissions are below the authorized limits. As such, the uncertainties of measurement chains must be taken into account in the threshold values. The electronic has been designed with high requirements of quality and dependability by following different steps; from prototyping, the qualification through an Analysis of Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) until final fabrication. This paper presents the measurement uncertainty assessments of the ACCT/DCCT chains., Proceedings of the 5th Int. Beam Instrumentation Conf., IBIC2016, Barcelona, Spain