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International audience; Flamenco is a traditional Spanish music from Andalusia. Based on oral tradition and transmission, traditional Flamenco, has implicit rules that allow musicians and dancers to interpret complex patterns without previous rehearsal. The experiments described here attempt to discover these rules by setting a musical improvisation program to play in the flamenco style and by analyzing the reactions of expert musicians listening to it. There are numerous styles or “palos” in Flamenco, however some general guidelines can be extracted. Here we focus on two general rules: i) During improvised musical developments where one partner takes the lead, musicians “resolve” together through a “remate” ii) The underlying common pattern is rhythmWe tried to determine the minimal conditions to provide “acceptable Flamenco” through the Djazz environment developed by IRCAM and EHESS. We examined typical “palos”: Tangos (binary), Fandangos (ternary) and Bulerias (mixed). The acceptability of the Djazz productions were tested by i) submitting the improvisations to musicians and listen to their advice, ii) co-improvising with musicians. In a first attempt, a “letra” (song) of Fandango was investigated. No grid was imposed. The results were unacceptable, as neither the harmony nor the rhythm and the remate were distinguishable. Then, a harmony pattern (chords) was applied. It was again not satisfactory, as the same chord in different places has not the same role. Thus, harmony and rhythm must be considered. We then focused on the rhythm aspects of Bulerias, using “palmas” (hands clapping). The acceptable grid was the one, where the “remate” is clearly identified. Additionally, we could define the statistical fingerprint of the Bulerias palo and compared the Djazz production to that of musicians. The conclusion of the study on Bulerias was directly applied to a live improvisation with musicians on Tangos, without preliminary tests, but we directly imposed a grid where the remate is clearly identified. Djazz production was satisfying for two criteria: the palo was respected and the musicians (guitar, dance) could co-improvise upon the Djazz Proposals.

A key factor for effective inhibition by organic molecules of the initiation of localized corrosion by pitting is their ability to form a protective organic film in locally de-passivated zones exposing the bare metal next to the oxide-covered surface. Herein, based on quantum chemical DFT calculations, we study the chemistry of the interface between 2-mercaptobenzimidazole (MBI) and a copper surface partially covered by a Cu2O passive oxide film. The results show the adaptability of the molecule to adsorb strongly on the different zones, oxide or metal, of a locally de-passivated surface. However, differences in the local adsorption configurations, involving covalent bonding with H-bonding depending on oxide or metal and on conformer, thione or thiolate, lead to the formation of an inhomogeneous organic film. Increasing order of local adsorption strength is oxide walls < metal surface < oxide surface < oxide edges for the thione species, whereas there is no significant difference of local adsorption strength for the thiolate species. Our results suggest that both species of MBI can heal the oxygen and copper low coordinated sites as well as can protect the exposed metal surface, thus enhancing the barrier properties of the passivated surface even when locally defective.

Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Tradução e Comunicação Multilingue, O presente relatório de estágio pretende ilustrar o papel da comunicação digital numa grande empresa farmacêutica, a Hoffmann-La Roche. Para isso, o relatório aborda as definições de comunicação e de digital, focando-se na importância que a digitalização ganhou na nossa sociedade e na forma como mudou a competitividade empresarial, terminando com uma breve elucidação da comunicação digital em contexto empresarial. Com isso exposto, descreve-se as tarefas desenvolvidas ao longo do estágio e faz-se uma conclusão de todo o trabalho elaborado., This internship report aims to illustrate the role of digital communication in a large pharmaceutical company, Hoffmann-La Roche. To this end, the report addresses the definitions of communication and digital, focusing on the importance that digitization has gained in our society and how business competitiveness has changed, ending with a brief elucidation of digital communication in the business context. With this exposed, it describes the tasks developed throughout the internship and makes a conclusion of all the work done.

Resumo A persistência da artéria isquiática é uma anomalia vascular congênita rara cuja principal complicação é a dilatação aneurismática. O quadro clínico pode incluir sintomas decorrentes da dilatação arterial e da isquemia, causada por trombose ou embolização distal. O tratamento dessa afecção rara conta com opções diversas que abrangem desde a ligadura do aneurisma até a correção endovascular. O presente relato descreve o caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino com queixa de tumoração pulsátil na região glútea. Foi encaminhada ao serviço de referência e realizou angiotomografia, que evidenciou persistência completa da artéria isquiática bilateralmente, com dilatação aneurismática à esquerda. A paciente foi submetida a tratamento endovascular do aneurisma, através de punção contralateral, com implante de dois stents revestidos com manutenção da perviedade distal da artéria. A manutenção da perviedade é particularmente importante nos casos da forma completa dessa variação anatômica. A paciente cursou com boa evolução. Abstract A persistent sciatic artery is a rare congenital vascular anomaly. The most common complication is aneurysm. Clinical presentation may include symptoms resulting from arterial dilatation and ischemia caused by thrombosis or embolization. There are diverse options for treatment of this rare condition, ranging from ligature of the aneurism to endovascular repair. This report describes the case of a female patient complaining of a pulsating mass in the left buttock. She was referred to a Vascular Service where an angiotomography showed complete bilateral persistence of the sciatic artery, with an aneurysm of the left sciatic artery. The aneurysm was treated with endovascular techniques, via a contralateral approach, with placement of two stent grafts and preservation of distal patency. Patency is particularly important in cases of this anatomical variation in which the persistent sciatic artery is complete. This patient recovered well.

Resumo A persistência da artéria isquiática é uma anomalia vascular congênita rara cuja principal complicação é a dilatação aneurismática. O quadro clínico pode incluir sintomas decorrentes da dilatação arterial e da isquemia, causada por trombose ou embolização distal. O tratamento dessa afecção rara conta com opções diversas que abrangem desde a ligadura do aneurisma até a correção endovascular. O presente relato descreve o caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino com queixa de tumoração pulsátil na região glútea. Foi encaminhada ao serviço de referência e realizou angiotomografia, que evidenciou persistência completa da artéria isquiática bilateralmente, com dilatação aneurismática à esquerda. A paciente foi submetida a tratamento endovascular do aneurisma, através de punção contralateral, com implante de dois stents revestidos com manutenção da perviedade distal da artéria. A manutenção da perviedade é particularmente importante nos casos da forma completa dessa variação anatômica. A paciente cursou com boa evolução. Abstract A persistent sciatic artery is a rare congenital vascular anomaly. The most common complication is aneurysm. Clinical presentation may include symptoms resulting from arterial dilatation and ischemia caused by thrombosis or embolization. There are diverse options for treatment of this rare condition, ranging from ligature of the aneurism to endovascular repair. This report describes the case of a female patient complaining of a pulsating mass in the left buttock. She was referred to a Vascular Service where an angiotomography showed complete bilateral persistence of the sciatic artery, with an aneurysm of the left sciatic artery. The aneurysm was treated with endovascular techniques, via a contralateral approach, with placement of two stent grafts and preservation of distal patency. Patency is particularly important in cases of this anatomical variation in which the persistent sciatic artery is complete. This patient recovered well.

Using near ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy we probe in situ the double layer at the Pt/liquid electrolyte interface., The development of efficient energy conversion systems requires precise engineering of electrochemical interfaces and thus asks for in situ techniques to probe the structure and the composition of the dynamic electrode/electrolyte interfacial region. This work demonstrates the potential of the near ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAPXPS) for in situ studies of processes occurring at the interface between a metal electrode and a liquid electrolyte. By using a model membrane-electrode assembly of a high temperature phosphoric acid-imbibed proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and combining NAPXPS measurements with the density functional theory, it was possible to monitor such fundamental processes as dissociation and migration of the phosphoric acid within a nanostructured Pt electrode under polarization.