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This article presents and analyzes general and specific data from a survey carried out in four news media on the subject of human rights (HD). The investigation was guided by qualitative principles and content analysis in the documents found in the journalistic platforms: Brasil de Fato, O Dia, Folha de S. Paulo and Veja. In total, 112 news items were tabulated over seven weeks and organized into 12 topics and grouped into two axes: equality and difference. As a result, the study showed that the human rights agenda is not explicitly addressed on news platforms; the Brasil de Fato platform was the only one with a specific tab for the theme; there is a need to understand media education as one of the fundamental "arms" of human rights education.

This study aims to give an understanding about what are the main reasons that are taken in consideration by foreign students in their decision to stay or leave the country where they have completed their studies. Based on literature review a survey was built and sent to students of different nationalities, which focused on the main dimensions valued by an individual when choosing a place to live. The results showed that the variables 'perception (education)', 'environment', 'health and well-being', 'social influence', 'intention to live abroad', 'social influence' and 'intent to live abroad' where the ones with greater impact in the decision of a foreign student to stay or leave the country.

Social impact assessment and benefits management is commonly measured in social communities' intervention plans. Although, its combined use lacks from a methodology or framework, which can assist in measuring those benefits and impacts. To achieve this, a business case tool has been applied in order to measure the benefits and Social Toolkit has been developed to assist the social impact. The results of these measures provided a substantial increment in terms of benefits measurements and social impact assessment in the social impact assessment of the 'community intervention of proximity' initiative, which aims to support families affected by poverty and/or victims of social exclusion. The results have shown that there has been a decrease in social exclusion and a reduction in poverty for needy families.

Working memory training (WMT) for children has received great attention in recent scientific investigations. However, evidence on program efficacy is still sparse. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a WMT software program ("Programa de Ativação da Memória de Trabalho" [PRAMEMT]) in promoting gains on cognitive and school related abilities. To investigate its effect, 78 school children attending 1st to 5th grades (52.6% girls; mean age = 7.87 years; SD = 1.44) were randomly allocated to a control (n = 37) or an experimental (n = 41) group. The children participated in five intervention sessions. The control group answered questions related to the same animals and themes featured in the PRAMEMT, but unrelated to working memory. The results suggested that there were gains in the performance intelligence quotient (p < 0.05; d = -0.54) and phonological awareness (p < 0.05; d = -0.52) in the experimental group; however, there was no change in overall cognitive performance. Possible mechanisms for these findings are discussed.

Although dengue is a disease that affects more than 100 countries and puts almost 400 million lives at risk each year, there is no approved antiviral in the treatment of this pathology. In this context, proteases are potential biological targets since they are essential in the replication process of this virus. In this study, a library of more than 3,000 structures was used to explore the allosteric inhibition of the NS2B/NS3 protease complex using consensual docking techniques. The results show four best ranked structures that were selected for molecular dynamics and free energy simulations. The present analysis corroborates with other studies (experimental and theoretical) presented in the literature. Thus, the computational approach used here proved to be useful for planning new inhibitors in the combat against Dengue disease.

The oil of Carapa guianensis showed leishmanicidal activity, with its activity being related to limonoids, but fatty acids are the major constituents of this oil. The present study evaluated the physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, and toxicity profiles of limonoids and fatty acids already identified in the species. Based on these results, 2 limonoids (methyl angosinlate, 6-OH-methyl angosinlate) and 2 fatty acids (arachidic acid; myristic acid) were selected for the prediction of possible targets and molecular docking. Included in this study were: Gedunin, 6a-acetoxygedunin, Methyl angosenlato, 7-deacetoxy-7-oxogedunin, Andirobin, 6-hydroxy-angolensate methyl, 17ß-hydroxyazadiradione, 1,2-dihydro-3ß-hydroxy-7-deacetoxy-7oxogedunin, xyllocensin k, 11beta-Hydroxygedunin, 6a,11-11ß-diacetoxygedunin, Oleic Acid, Palmitic Acid, Stearic Acid, Arachidic Acid, Myristic Acid, Palmitoleic Acid, Linoleic Acid, Linolenic Acid, and Beenic Acid. Regarding physicochemical aspects, fatty acids violated LogP, and only limonoid 11 violated Lipinski's rule. A common pharmacokinetic aspect was that all molecules were well absorbed in the intestine and inhibited CYP. All compounds showed toxicity in some model, with fatty acids being mutagenic and carcinogenic, and limonoids not being mutagenic and carcinogenic at least for rats. In in vivo models, fatty acids were less toxic. Molecular dockings were performed on COX-2 steroids (15 and 16) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha for limonoids (3,6), with this target being essential for the intracellular development of leishmania. Limonoids 3 and 6 appear to be promising as leishmanicidal agents, and fatty acids are promising as wound healers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The genus Rhinella corresponds to a group of anurans characterized by numerous taxonomic and systemic challenges, leading to their organization into species complexes. Cytogenetic data for this genus thus far are limited to the diploid number and chromosome morphology, which remain highly conserved among the species. In this study, we analyse the karyotypes of three species of the genus Rhinella (Rhinella granulosa, Rhinella margaritifera, and Rhinella marina) using both classical (conventional staining and C-banding) and molecular (FISH-fluorescence in situ hybridization with 18S rDNA, telomeric sequences, and microsatellite probes) cytogenetic approaches. The aim of this study is to provide data that can reveal variations in the distribution of repetitive sequences that can contribute to understanding karyotypic diversification in these species. The results revealed a conserved karyotype across the species, with 2n = 22 and FN = 44, with metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes. C-banding revealed heterochromatic blocks in the pericentromeric region for all species, with a proximal block on the long arms of pairs 3 and 6 in R. marina and on the short arms of pairs 4 and 6 in R. margaritifera. Additionally, 18S rDNA probes hybridized to pair 5 in R. granulosa, to pair 7 in R. marina, and to pair 10 in R. margaritifera. Telomeric sequence probes displayed signals exclusively in the distal region of the chromosomes, while microsatellite DNA probes showed species-specific patterns. These findings indicate that despite a conserved karyotypical macrostructure, chromosomal differences exist among the species due to the accumulation of repetitive sequences. This variation may be attributed to chromosome rearrangements or differential accumulation of these sequences, highlighting the dynamic role of repetitive sequences in the chromosomal evolution of Rhinella species. Ultimately, this study emphasizes the importance of the role of repetitive DNAs in chromosomal rearrangements to elucidate the evolutionary mechanisms leading to independent diversification in the distinct phylogenetic groups of Rhinella. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The search for bioactive compounds in natural products holds promise for discovering new pharmacologically active molecules. This study explores the anti-inflammatory potential of açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) constituents against the NLRP3 inflammasome using high-throughput molecular modeling techniques. Utilizing methods such as molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, binding free energy calculations (MM/GBSA), and in silico toxicology, we compared açaí compounds with known NLRP3 inhibitors, MCC950 and NP3-146 (RM5). The docking studies revealed significant interactions between açaí constituents and the NLRP3 protein, while molecular dynamics simulations indicated structural stabilization. MM/GBSA calculations demonstrated favorable binding energies for catechin, apigenin, and epicatechin, although slightly lower than those of MCC950 and RM5. Importantly, in silico toxicology predicted lower toxicity for açaí compounds compared to synthetic inhibitors. These findings suggest that açaí-derived compounds are promising candidates for developing new anti-inflammatory therapies targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome, combining efficacy with a superior safety profile. Future research should include in vitro and in vivo validation to confirm the therapeutic potential and safety of these natural products. This study underscores the value of computational approaches in accelerating natural product-based drug discovery and highlights the pharmacological promise of Amazonian biodiversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]