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Les symptômes dépressifs concernent 10 à 15 % des femmes enceintes, avec un pic de fréquence au cours des deuxième et troisième trimestres de la grossesse. Une augmentation du risque de survenue de troubles psychiques, en particulier de l'humeur, est également observée dans les mois suivant la naissance de l'enfant. Le pharmacien d'officine doit être capable d'aborder la problématique avec la patiente et de lui apporter le soutien approprié. Depressive symptoms occur in 10–15% of pregnant women, with a peak in frequency in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. An increase in the risk of psychiatric disorders, particularly mood disorders, is also observed in the months following the birth of the child. The dispensing pharmacist must be able to discuss the problem with the patient and provide appropriate support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La iatrogénie médicamenteuse des troubles prostatiques est peu étudiée. Quelques événements sont rapportés dans la littérature scientifique avec un niveau de preuve variable lorsqu'ils sont évoqués. Une synthèse des données disponibles, cliniques ou expérimentales, a permis de rassembler des informations sur les médicaments ayant des effets indésirables sur la prostate, avérés ou potentiels, et de les classer d'après le niveau de preuve. Drug iatrogenesis of prostate disorders is poorly studied. Some events are reported in the scientific literature with a varying level of evidence when they are mentioned. A synthesis of available clinical or experimental data was used to gather information on medications with known or potential side effects on the prostate gland and to classify them according to the level of evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Actualités Pharmaceutiques is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Résumé La prescription d’une spécialité pharmaceutique en dehors d’une indication, d’une posologie ou chez une population particulière peut conduire à un non-respect strict de l’autorisation de mise sur le marché (AMM) initiale, voire se situer hors AMM. Le respect de l’AMM impose des précautions et des responsabilités particulières pour le prescripteur mais aussi, lors de la dispensation, pour le pharmacien. Summary The prescribing of a pharmaceutical speciality for an unapproved use, in terms of an indication, a posology or a particular population can lead to the non-respect of the initial marketing authorisation (MA), or being off-label. The respect of the MA imposes specific precautions and responsibilities not only for the prescribing physician but also for the pharmacist dispensing the medication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Actualités Pharmaceutiques is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Résumé La cataracte est une des pathologies oculaires les plus fréquentes à travers le monde. D’origine génétique, liée à l’âge ou à des troubles métaboliques, elle peut aussi être la conséquence de la prise de certains médicaments. Summary A cataract is one of the most common eye conditions across the world. Of genetic origin, linked to age or metabolic disorders, it can also be caused by certain medications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Le risque de thrombose veineuse est un effet indésirable bien connu, rare mais potentiellement grave, des contraceptifs oraux combinés (COC). Il semblerait que les pilules de troisième et de quatrième génération sont plus à risque que celles de deuxième génération. La France a pris des mesures visant à réduire leur prescription. Mais quelle que soit la pilule contraceptive, règles de prescription, indications et contre-indications doivent être scrupuleusement respectées. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L'acétate de cyprotérone dosé à 50 mg n'a actuellement qu'une seule indication chez la femme, les hirsutismes féminins majeurs lorsqu'ils retentissent gravement sur la vie psychoaffective et sociale. Un encadrement et un suivi du traitement sont indispensables en raison du risque de méningiome. Cyproterone acetate 50 mg currently only has one indication in woman, hirsutism in women when it has a significant impact on the woman's psycho-emotional and social life. Close supervision and monitoring of the treatment are essential due to the risk of meningioma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A case of false aneurysm of the femoral artery due to an exostosis of the distal end of the femur is reported. The clinical diagnosis was confirmed by sonography and, especially, by a digitalized arteriography. The CT-scan showed the perforation of the arterial wall by the exostosis. The surgical operation involved the resection of the exostosis, the excision of the edges of the arterial lesion along with a venous patch. This type of complication due to an exostosis is quite rare and the discussion runs about the opportunity of systematic surgery of osteochondromas sitting close to a vascular course.

A phenol injection of the lumbar sympathetic chain has been performed 45 times on 40 patients whose mean age was 78 years and whose poor general condition was a contra-indication to any kind of anesthesia. The results have been evaluated at one month and one year in 33 patients. Among these patients, 21 had an available distal artery seen on the arteriography and 12 no distal artery. Our results suggest that: the injection is not always easy, the rate of complications is important: 2 deaths (4.5%) and 4 serious complications (9%) mainly nervous irritations, the rate of good results is poor: 42% at one month and 27% at one year. When there is a toe gangrene without any distal artery, a good result should not be expected. The diabetes mellitus had no incidence on our results. The indications to a phenol lumbar sympathectomy have to be selected: the best results have been obtained on patients with rest pain or ischemic ulcers when at least a distal artery could be visualized on arteriography. On the other hand no good result should be expected when there is a toe gangrene or when there is no distal flow either on the arteriography or on Doppler examination.

In patients with severe ischaemia from femoro-popliteal thrombosis, but without suitable vein for bypass, a synthetic or bioprosthesis is usually installed. This is a costly method giving statistically mediocre results. An alternative method is femoro-popliteal endarterectomy performed with rings that are made to oscillate by a pneumatic motor. The procedure requires 3 arteriotomies: one at each end and one in-between to insert rings of a different caliber. Arteriography is mandatory at the end of the operation. This type of endarterectomy is feasible only when blood flow is adequate upstreams, when the femoro-popliteal axis is not calcified and when at least one artery of the leg remains patent. The method is less expensive, and its early results apparently better than those of prostheses extending beyond the knee.

Autologous saphenous vein bypass is the best treatment for severe ischemia with femoro-popliteal thrombosis. But in over 20% of cases a vein is not available. Patency rates after prosthetic grafts are low. Therefore we have tested femoro-popliteal endarterectomy with the Hall arterial oscillator. This instrument is composed of loops (size: 5-12 mm) and of a pneumatic oscillator. All the length of the artery has to be exposed. The endarterectomy is started with a spatula and is then performed with the oscillating loops. Three arteriotomies are usually necessary to remove the total core. After the arterial vacuity has been checked, the distal intima is tacked down and the arteriotomies are closed with or without a venous patch angioplasty. Thirteen patients have been operated on. All of them were high risk patients. They were submitted to surgery for rest pain, distal gangrene or acute ischemia. During the post-operative period, one death and 4 thromboses occurred, the latter leading to major amputation with two subsequent deaths. Early results of the 8 other patients were good. Mean follow-up was ten months. Limb salvage was achieved in 7 patients out of 8,6 of them with patent artery and 1 with an occluded artery. Run off was an essential condition for patency. The best results were achieved when distal arteries were patent. But some success occurred in spite of a poor run off. This technic is an useful and money saving alternative for severe ischemia associated with femoro-popliteal thrombosis when autologous vein is not available.

Aneurysmal degeneration is the most serious complication of persistent sciatic artery. In the literature there have been only 16 surgically treated cases. We report one additional case to present an original and safe method of treatment: balloon endovascular occlusion and femoropopliteal bypass. Diagnosis and other methods of treatment are discussed.

We describe a new method for the cutaneous repair of umbilical hernias. The cut of the skin makes two flaps suppressing the navel which is generally salient. After the aponevrotic repair which is made by vertical suture with slowly resorbable material, the repair of the two cutaneous flaps builds a new navel which aspect is very close to the natural one. This method has been used once with complete satisfaction, for the repair of an omphalocel.