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Amino acid substitution studies reveal that substitution of alanine for the phenylalanine at position 6 and to the leucine at position 67 in the GerE transcription factor give rise to region 1 and region 2 promoter activation sites in Bacillus subtilis.

Results demonstrate that amino acyl residues in or near the putative helix-turn-helix motif of the DNA-binding protein GerE determine the specificity of DNA binding in Bacillus subtilis. Nucleotides at positions +2, +3, and +4 with reference to transcription start site on the sigk promoter are involved in the binding site.

Examines the effects of single base pair substitutions in the high affinity GerE protein binding site on the sigK promoter in Bacillus subtilis. Production of a protein that binds with equal affinity to two sites that differ by one base pair; Identification of the nucleotide sequence that signals recognition and binding by GerE; Mutagenesis of the DNA binding region of GerE.