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5. There's no place like a Cheshire Home? : redefining the role of disabled residents in residential care at Le Court, 1948-1975

Author

Crawford, Laura

Subjects
362.4, Leonard Cheshire, disability, care, home, voluntary sector, historical geography, archival research, residential care, care home, Le Court, social model of disability, disability rights movement, disability history, belonging
Abstract

This original study explores the geographies of disability, home and care of Le Court Cheshire Home, 1948–1975. Le Court was the first Cheshire Home created by Leonard Cheshire, a UK charity who offer a diverse portfolio of support services for disabled people. When the charity started in 1948 it exclusively ran homes. The word ‘home' symbolised the type of environments the charity sought to create, as opposed to the ‘institutional' settings many residents were living in previously. The date range is chosen to address a key gap in the literature. In 1948 the National Assistance Act brought an official end to the Poor Law which shaped pre-NHS welfare provision, and in 1975 disabled activists generated a radical new agenda designed to address segregation and to confront society's role in creating disability. This presented a direct challenge to the Cheshire Homes, who despite claiming to be novel and progressive, maintained a network of residential homes often in isolated locations. There is very little research about where disabled people were living between 1948 and 1975, and how these experiences were instrumental to the formation of the disability movement. This study addresses these gaps by excavating this ‘hidden history', and in doing so, contributes to key debates in social, cultural and historical geography. The thesis argues that the residents' efforts to redefine their place in the Le Court home was a precursor to broader considerations about the place of disabled people in society. The research project utilised archival fieldwork to analyse a rich data set housed in the Leonard Cheshire Archive, based at Newlands House, Netherseal, Derbyshire. The empirical data includes magazines, photographs, and written documents as well as audio-visual material. These sources are analysed as texts with the material used to critically examine the meaning and significance of Le Court as a home and the role of residents in care. Overall, the thesis explores geographical themes across four empirical chapters that examine the place of the homes in the broader health and care landscape, the meaning of the home, the role of the residents in the home, and the mobilities, networks and flows which the home was embedded within. Taken collectively, these themes offer different perspectives on the home and ultimately demonstrate the complexity of Le Court, a space which sat at the intersection of home and institution. The thesis prompts new considerations about the factors which foster or hinder a homely atmosphere in the context of residential care, contributing to debates on disability, care and home in social, cultural and historical geography and wider inter-disciplinary studies.

Published
2019
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9. Mobilising the voluntary sector

Author

Acheson, Nick, primary, Crawford, Laura, additional, Grotz, Jurgen, additional, Hardill, Irene, additional, Hayward, Denise, additional, Hogg, Eddy, additional, Jones, Rhys Dafydd, additional, Linning, Matthew, additional, Rees, Sally, additional, Rutherford, Alasdair, additional, Speed, Ewen, additional, McGarvey, Amy, additional, Goodall, Catherine, additional, Stuart, Joanna, additional, and Maltman, Debbie, additional

Published
2022
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10. Mobilising Voluntary Action in the UK

Author

hardill, irene, Grotz, Jurgen, and Crawford, Laura

Subjects
COVID-19, Devolution UK, Partnership Working, Voluntary Action, Volunteering, bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JK Social services & welfare, criminology::JKS Social welfare & social services::JKSN Social work::JKSN1 Charities, voluntary services & philanthropy, bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JK Social services & welfare, criminology::JKS Social welfare & social services::JKSB Welfare & benefit systems, bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JK Social services & welfare, criminology::JKS Social welfare & social services
Abstract

EPDF and EPUB available Open Access under CC-BY licence. The COVID-19 pandemic transformed the landscape of voluntary action. Some volunteering projects had to be paused, while others were delivered in different ways, but across all four UK nations large numbers of people began volunteering for the first time. This book provides an overview of the constraints and opportunities of mobilising voluntary action across the four UK nations during the pandemic. Sector experts and academics examine the divergent voluntary action policy frameworks adopted, the state and non-state supported volunteer responses, the changes in the profile of volunteers and the plans to sustain their involvement. This book addresses the urgent policy and practice need for evidence-based considerations to support recovery from the pandemic and to prepare for future emergencies.

Published
2022
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16. Emancipatory archival methods: Exploring the historical geographies of disability.

Author

Crawford, Laura

Subjects
*HISTORICAL geography, *ARCHIVAL resources, *ETHICAL problems, *ARCHIVAL research, *RESEARCH ethics
Abstract

This paper focuses on the use of emancipatory research principles in archival research and contends with the suitability of academic conventions that characterise ethical practice when the research goal is to elevate the voices of marginalised historical groups. Drawing on a case study of Le Court Cheshire Home, England (1948–1975) to address a critical gap in the literature, I highlight some ethical dilemmas I encountered when working at the nexus of historical geography and geographies of disability. This paper demonstrates what an emancipatory research approach means for an archival study of disability, using examples to illustrate how ethical decisions impacted all stages of the research design and the write‐up of findings. I argue that ethics should not be envisaged solely as an approval process completed at the project's outset. Rather, the explorative nature of archival research necessitates that ethics should be an iterative undertaking, with archival sources having the potential to shape both the content and conduct of the research. The paper uses a case study of Le Court Cheshire Home to explore research ethics and the applicability of emancipatory research principles for an archival study of disability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. Kostenki 1 and the early Upper Paleolithic of Eastern Europe

Author

Hoffecker, John F., Holliday, Vance T., Anikovich, M.V., Dudin, A.E., Platonova, N.I., Popov, V.V., Levkovskaya, G.M., Kuz'mina, I.E., Syromyatnikova, E.V., Burova, N.D., Goldberg, Paul, Macphail, Richard I., Forman, Steven L., Carter, Brian J., and Crawford, Laura J.

Published
2016
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25. Sensory Testing of Canadian Armed Forces Individual Meal Packs

Author

Crawford, Laura and Duizer, Lisa

Subjects
ration, Canadian Armed Forces, sensory testing, military, Individual Meal Pack
Abstract

Combat rations, known as Individual Meal Packs (IMPs), are utilized to feed soldiers in the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) under adverse conditions. Ration acceptability is imperative to meet the physiological needs of soldiers. The overall aim of this research was to determine if improvements can be made to current sensory testing protocols to increase efficiency and accuracy of the sensory evaluation program of IMPs. Acceptability can influence consumption, however, it is only one of several factors. A base trial was conducted to examine the effects of temperature and liking, followed by a field trial, weighing all food waste and comparing leftovers to liking. There was a significant difference in liking between products served hot and at ambient temperature. No significant relationship existed between liking and food intake. Key findings from the studies include recommendations for testing IMPs at ambient temperature and for surveys to capture reasons why products were consumed.

Published
2020

32. THULE-ERA FUEL SELECTION AND MANAGEMENT AT CAPE ESPENBERG, ALASKA.

Author

Crawford, Laura J.

Subjects
FRESH water, FUEL, FUELWOOD, CHARCOAL
Abstract

In the Arctic, fuel is as crucial to survival as food and fresh water. Until recently, however, Arctic archaeologists have largely neglected to study fuel use. To address this knowledge gap, I examined fuel use at two Thule-era houses dated from about ad 1500 to 1800 at the Rising Whale site, Cape Espenberg, Alaska. Results suggest that inhabitants selected firewood according to condition- and taxon-specific properties and burned wood in combination with bone and sea mammal oil. The quantities of different woody taxa and fuel types illustrate how Thule managed these resources. Differences between houses and contexts suggest Thule people manipulated the combustion properties of fire to suit their needs. Oral history suggests that driftwood availability eventually declined at the site. The use of timber construction and ample wood charcoal, however, suggests this decline occurred after Thule times. This decline may have been exacerbated by the introduction of fuel-hungry woodstoves. The combination of woodstoves and a decline in driftwood deposition may have helped to motivate the Iñupiat to abandon the area in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020

34. Transforming the future of health together: The Learning Health Systems Consensus Action Plan

Author

Rubin, Joshua C., primary, Silverstein, Jonathan C., additional, Friedman, Charles P., additional, Kush, Rebecca D., additional, Anderson, W. Holt, additional, Lichter, Allen S., additional, Humphreys, Darin J., additional, Brown, Jeffrey, additional, Crawford, Laura, additional, Walker, James M., additional, Tannen, Richard L., additional, Berry, Kate, additional, Hamilton Lopez, Marianne, additional, Kolodner, Robert M., additional, Marchibroda, Janet M., additional, and Rockhold, Frank W., additional

Published
2018
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35. Metal worker’s lung: spatial association with Mycobacterium avium

Author

James, Phillip L, primary, Cannon, Julie, additional, Barber, Christopher M, additional, Crawford, Laura, additional, Hughes, Heather, additional, Jones, Meinir, additional, Szram, Joanna, additional, Cowman, Steven, additional, Cookson, William O C, additional, Moffatt, Miriam F, additional, and Cullinan, Paul, additional

Published
2017
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38. Consent to link health data : older adults in New Zealand : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Psychology at Massey University, Manawatū, New Zealand

Author

Crawford, Laura Jessie and Crawford, Laura Jessie

Abstract

With administrative data increasingly being recorded electronically, data linkage has become a popular method of research. It involves the linkage of two data sets – survey and administrative data, in the current study – to create a wider and more varied data set, with which a greater number of research questions can be examined. Seeking consent from participants to link their data is an ethical and legal requirement. However, consent seeking may create systematic bias as likelihood of consenting may be associated with a variety of health and socioeconomic variables. Variables associated with consent were examined for linkage between the Health, Work and Retirement longitudinal study and Ministry of Health data sets in New Zealand. Unlike previous studies of this type, participants were older adults. Binary logistic regression revealed that Māori ethnicity (OR 0.68), Diabetes (OR 0.66), and participating for more survey waves (OR 1.88) were significantly associated with consent. The model explained 7 to 10% of the variance in consent, suggesting that older adults are not greatly influenced by these variables. Implications for research and policy are discussed.

Published
2017

39. Kostenki 1 and the early Upper Paleolithic of Eastern Europe

Author

Hoffecker, John F, Holliday, Vance T, Anikovich, M V, Dudin, A E, Platonova, N I, Popov, V V, Levkovskaya, G M, Kuz'Mina, I E, Syromyatnikova, E V, Burova, N D, Goldberg, Paul, Macphail, Richard I. M, Forman, Steven L, Carter, Brian J, Crawford, Laura J, Hoffecker, John F, Holliday, Vance T, Anikovich, M V, Dudin, A E, Platonova, N I, Popov, V V, Levkovskaya, G M, Kuz'Mina, I E, Syromyatnikova, E V, Burova, N D, Goldberg, Paul, Macphail, Richard I. M, Forman, Steven L, Carter, Brian J, and Crawford, Laura J

Abstract

Although best known for its spectacular Gravettian features and art, the open-air site of Kostenki 1 (located near Voronezh on the Don River [Russian Federation]) also has played an important role in the study of the early Upper Paleolithic (EUP) of Eastern Europe. New excavations at Kostenki 1 were undertaken in 2004-2012 with a focus on the EUP layers (Layers III-V), which represent temporal zones of recurring occupation, buried in low-energy slope deposits (5% slope). Soils formed during periods of increased surface stability. A new set of radiocarbon estimates on wood charcoal indicates that Layer III dates between 33,000 and 38,000. cal BP. Layer V underlies the CI tephra (~ 40,000. cal BP), which is redeposited and identified only by microscopic analysis of sediment samples in most of the (downslope) areas of the site excavated during 2004-2012. Large and medium mammal remains recovered from the EUP layers include mammoth, horse, reindeer, arctic fox, and wolf, and taphonomic analyses indicate that carcasses were processed at the site. All EUP layers yielded artifacts typical of the East European Strelets industry (e.g., bifaces, side-scrapers), but earlier excavation (1948-1953) of Layer III also produced diagnostic Aurignacian artifacts (e.g., carinated scrapers, retouched bladelets). The new chronology for Layer III suggests an association between the Aurignacian of the central East European Plain and the warm intervals (GI 8-GI 7) following the HE4 cold period (~ 38,000-40,000. cal BP).

Published
2016

40. Audit readiness : the costs and culture

Author

Crawford, Laura M. and Crawford, Laura M.

Subjects
Executive departments Auditing. United States, Organizational change United States., Changement organisationnel États-Unis., Auditing., Executive departments Auditing., Organizational change., United States.
Abstract

Over the last 60 years, the Department of Defense (DoD) has demonstrated a lack of commitment toward achieving financial improvement, accountability, and audit readiness. The DoD has spent billions attempting to meet the Congressional mandate of audit ready financial statements by September 30, 2017. It does not appear the DoD will be able to make this deadline. In these fiscally constrained times, DoD leadership must work toward changing the culture in regards to financial management. One way to do this is to implement a clear concise vision and utilize Kotter's eight steps for cultural change in conjunction with Schein's embedding and reinforcing mechanisms to implement a lasting culture change. Now is the time for the DoD to implement change due to the reduction of financial resources in accordance with the Budget Control Act of 2011 and a new Secretary of Defense that actively supports financial improvement. Without changing the cost culture first, the expenditures towards achieving audit readiness will not be worth the cost.

Published
2015

47. Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF) Inactivation Leads to Defects in Islet Cell Lineage Allocation and Cell Proliferation During Embryogenesis

Author

Crawford, Laura A., primary, Guney, Michelle A., additional, Oh, Young Ah, additional, DeYoung, R. Andrea, additional, Valenzuela, David M., additional, Murphy, Andrew J., additional, Yancopoulos, George D., additional, Lyons, Karen M., additional, Brigstock, David R., additional, Economides, Aris, additional, and Gannon, Maureen, additional

Published
2009
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