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O artigo proposto tem como objetivo refletir sobre as políticas linguísticas autóctones desenvolvidas por e para os povos indígenas do estado de Roraima, dada a realidade multilíngue e multicultural da constituição do estado, com especial atenção para as ações educacionais desenvolvidas pelo povo Ye’kwana. Para isso, a baseamo-nos nos estudos da área de Políticas Linguísticas (CALVET; 2007; COOPER; 1997[1989]; SILVA, 2018), a fim de compreender as relações tensivas entre o estado brasileiro e as línguas indígenas de Roraima. Para tanto, foi necessário recuperar pesquisas realizadas sobre os Ye’kwana (COSTA, 2013, 2018, 2019); (ANDRADE, 2007, 2013), bem como foi importante resgatar, de forma breve, a história das políticas linguísticas para os povos indígenas no Brasil para, assim, discutir sobre as políticas linguísticas autóctones pensadas e desenvolvidas por/para os povos indígenas no território roraimense (CUNHA, 2008; BRASIL, 1988, 1998; BANIWA, 2006; REPETTO, 2008). Percebemos que, em função da omissão do Estado, os Ye’kwana e outros povos indígenas têm buscado criar políticas para manter seus valores tradicionais dentro das necessidades que a contemporaneidade e a sociedade exigem, ao documentar e criar estratégias para ensinar e aprender suas próprias línguas e culturas, sem perder a sua essência e sua identidade.

Objetivo: Investigar a associação do estilo de vida com o desempenho acadêmico de estudantes de Educação Física. Métodos: Estudo transversal envolvendo 186 estudantes de Educação Física de uma universidade de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Realizou-se a coleta de dados, entre agosto e novembro de 2018, com o questionário “Estilo de Vida Fantástico”, composto por 25 questões em nove domínios (família e amigos/ atividade física/ nutrição/ cigarro e drogas/ álcool/ sono, cinto de segurança, estresse e sexo seguro/ tipo de comportamento/ introspecção/ trabalho). Para comparação entre estilo de vida e o desempenho acadêmico, representado pela média semestral, utilizou-se a análise de variância e o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson. Resultados: Verificou-se a média de idade de 22,3 anos (±4,87). O estilo de vida dos estudantes se apresentou, de forma geral, bom (34,1%) e muito bom (48,6%), e associado de forma positiva fraca (r=0,232), mas significativa (p=0,003), com o desempenho acadêmico. As médias semestrais de desempenho acadêmico diferenciaram-se em relação à classificação do estilo de vida (p=0,012). Os domínios família e amigos, cigarros e drogas, e álcool obtiveram pontuação satisfatória para um estilo de vida saudável. Conclusão: O estilo de vida dos acadêmicos de Educação Física avaliados é bom/muito bom nos domínios estudados e associa-se ao desempenho acadêmico.

Este artigo tem como objetivo principal a análise verbivocovisual do vídeo que propõe uma homenagem ao Dia Internacional da Mulher do ano de 2017, publicado no site da Assembleia Legislativa do Estado de Roraima (ALE/RR) elaborado pelo programa “Abrindo Caminhos”. Baseando no processo da construção linguística do discurso em que a voz social reflete e refrata, de acordo com as concepções de Bakhtin, o vídeo irá tratar de um “suposto” comportamento masculino para lidar com o universo feminino por meio da construção de uma imagem de mulher propagada pelo discurso político. Cada esfera social possui textos diferentes e distintos destinados apropriadamente à atividade de comunicação humana, desse modo a linguagem não configura uma realidade tal como ela é, porque sua representação é concretizada por meio da construção ideológica e discursiva dos fatos sociais. Assim, ao considerar que a apresentação desse vídeo seria aparentemente direcionada ao público infantil, com uma musicalidade alegre e descontraída, este enunciado torna-se ainda mais perigoso, pois induz a pensar na ingenuidade, no mundo da imaginação, no entanto, elementos como cores, imagens e símbolos, presentes no vídeo, transmitem veladamente a mensagem de que tratar bem uma mulher é considerado como uma atitude heroica, reforçando o estereótipo do sexo feminino como frágil.

Este artigo tem como objetivo principal estudar com mais propriedade o entrelaçamento entre as teorias da análise do discurso, nas concepções de Charaudeau, e a literatura. Para isso, recorreu-se aos estudos de Ida Lúcia Machado (1999, 2001,2002), para se analisar o poema “Tragédia Brasileira” sob a ótica da Semiolinguística.

Introdução: A obesidade e o sobrepeso vêm aumentando consideravelmente e a alta disponibilidade de alimentos industrializados é um dos grandes responsáveis. Pensando na compreensão das influências no comportamento alimentar o termo Mindless eating ou comer sem pensar, representa as decisões em relação a alimentação que acontece frente a distração que o ambiente propicia e envolve a presença de gatilhos ambientais, como: exposição, distração, tamanho dos utensílios e porções e variedade. Objetivos: analisar as evidências científicas disponíveis na literatura que abordem qual o impacto do comer sem pensar no consumo alimentar do adulto. Métodos: trata- se de uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura, ao qual foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados Lilacs e PubMed. Resultados: foram encontrados 145 artigos científicos somente na literatura em inglês. Após aplicados os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, um total de quinze estudos foram selecionados para esta revisão. Conclusão: evidenciou-se uma forte relação do comer sem pensar e o aumento considerável do consumo, podendo dobrar a quantidade ingerida em estado distraído, assim como foi possível verificar o quanto estamos sujeitos a seguir de forma inconsciente os comportamentos alimentares de outras pessoas, ou seja, o impacto do comer sem pensar vai muito além do que uma distração, são atos do dia a dia que passam despercebidos. ABSTRACT Mindless Eating - Influences on Food Consumption Quantities: Literature Review Introduction: Obesity and overweight have increased considerably and the high availability of processed foods is one of the main responsible. Thinking about the understanding of influences on eating behavior, the term Mindless eating or eating without thinking, represents the decisions regarding food that happens due to distraction the environment provides and involves the presence of environmental triggers such as: exposure, distraction, size of utensils and portions and variety. Objectives: To search for and analyze the scientific evidence available in the literature that addresses the impact of eating without thinking about adult food consumption. Methods: This is an integrative literature review, which was fetched in the Lilacs and PubMed databases. Results: 145 scientific articles were found only in the english literature. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of fifteen studies were selected for this review. Conclusion: there was a strong relationship between eating without thinking and a considerable increase in consumption, and doubling the amount consumed in an absent-minded state, just as it was possible to verify how unconsciously we are following the eating behaviors of other people, that is, the impact of eating without thinking goes beyond distraction, are acts of day to day that go unnoticed.

The frequency of Achilles tendon tear has increased worldwide. Several factors have been described that help explain the mechanism of injury. The treatment of choice continues to be surgery; conservative treatment is reserved for patients with a high morbidity and mortality. Surgical treatment consists of an open or percutaneous technique. In both modalities we try to achieve prompt mobilization of the operated tendon to obtain better and quicker healing. This prospective study describes our experience with 35 patients enrolled from February 2004 to August 2010. They were treated with open repair, physical rehabilitation and active ankle mobilization before the second postoperative week, and with colchicine. We obtained satisfactory results. Patients recovered complete mobility approximately at postoperative week 6, and from weeks 8 to 10 they could resume their daily work activities and participate in sports and recreational activities. Patients were assessed according to the ATRS classification to measure their clinical results. We had no infections or other major complications. We conclude that the open surgical repair of Achilles tendon tear, prompt mobility, and colchicine provide good results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Phlebotomines are directly related to the study of leishmaniases, and so the study of their distribution plays an important role in the epidemiology of these diseases. Collections of phlebotomines were made with the intent of comparing the distribution, richness, diversity, and abundance of species in three distinct environments in an area endemic for tegumentary and visceral leishmaniasis in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Methods Phlebotomines were collected with automatic light traps in urban, transitional, and wild areas from March 2013 to February 2014 in the district of Barra do Guaicuí, municipality of Várzea da Palma, Minas Gerais. The distribution patterns of these species of insects, as well as species richness, evenness, and abundance among the different areas, were analyzed. Results A total of 3,365 phlebotomines belonging to 15 species were collected. The urban area had the greatest abundance whereas the transitional area had the greatest diversity and evenness of species. Nyssomyia intermedia was the most abundant species in the urban area, whereas Evandromyia evandroi was the most abundant in the transitional area and Ev. lenti in the wild area. Conclusion The analysis of our results showed that the distribution of the collected species had distinct profiles between the environments studied. Furthermore our study indicates the potential risk of transmission of leishmaniasis in the urban environment where it was observed had the highest population density and abundance of important vector species of Leishmania.

Abstract Background The genus Evandromyia is widely found in Brazil, but occurs mainly in Brazilian savannah. To date 13 species have been described in the subgenus Aldamyia. Here we described a new species of Evandromyia (Aldamyia) collected in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Methods Measurements were made using a micrometer eyepiece on an Olympus CH-2 binocular microscope and drawings were executed with the aid of a camera lucida. Results The new species, Evandromyia orcyi sp. nov., is closely related to Evandromyia lenti, Evandromyia carmelinoi and Evandromyia evandroi, however, characteristics of the male terminalia and female spermathecae distinguish it from other species of the genus Evandromyia. Conclusion With the description of Evandromyia orcyi sp. nov., six species of the subgenus Aldamyia have been reported from the State of Mato Grosso do Sul.

Abstract Background A new species of phlebotomine sand flies belonging to Trichophoromyia Barretto, 1962 genus is described, based on males collected in Jaú National Park, Amazonas state, Brazil. Methods The Sand flies were mounted in Canada balsam. They were measured with a binocular Olympus CH-2 microscope with the aid of a micrometer objective and the drawings were done with the help of a camera lucida. Results This new species named Trichophoromyia uniniensis sp. nov. is closely related to Trichophoromyia omagua (Martins, Llanos & Silva, 1976). The former can be distinguished from the latter by the shape of its paramere that has the lower apical region turned up in the new species. Conclusion With the new species here described a total of 39 species belonging to the Trichophoromyia genus are now known, most of them present in the Amazon rainforest.

Nyssomyia intermedia and Nyssomyia neivai constitute a species complex associated with Leishmania transmission. The aim of this study was to analyse the ecological profiles of the Ny. intermedia and Ny. neivai populations in a sympatric area in the Brazilian savannah along the banks of the Velhas River. Captures were performed from July 2003-June 2005 in two distinct environments: a gallery forest with various degrees of anthropogenic modification and animal shelters. A total of 20,508 Ny. neivai (86%) and Ny. intermedia (14%) sandflies were collected. The difference between the proportions of the sandflies that were collected (Ny. neivai/Ny. intermedia) per bank was significant. The right bank presented a greater number of sandflies (65%) and more preserved vegetation. The abundance of Ny. neivai was higher than that of Ny. intermedia on both banks. The results demonstrate that anthropic activities can affect the sandfly populations in this area, thereby leading to a reduction in species abundance. Nevertheless, the environments with higher levels of antropogenic modification displayed sandfly population numbers that favour the Leishmania transmission cycle.

As inhabitants of forested areas, caves and anthropic environments, the phlebotomines deserve special attention because some species are able to transmit trypanosomatids, bacteria and viruses to vertebrates. Phlebotomines are also a nuisance because they cause painful bites, which may ultimately produce allergic manifestations. The lack of information about the presence and behaviours of sand flies in caves has aroused the curiosity of researchers for a long time. In the present paper, we describe a new species of sand fly that was captured in a cave located in the municipal district of Arraias in the southeastern region of the state of Tocantins. The morphological features of this new species permit it to be included in the alphabetica group of the Martinsmyia genus.

Leishmaniases are endemic to several Brazilian states, including Minas Gerais. As many cases of these diseases are diagnosed in Minas Gerais every year, this paper aimed to determine the diversity of the species of sandflies vector of leishmaniases, in Lassance and Corinto on the banks of the Velhas River. Over two years, 21,014 specimens of sandflies, belonging to 19 species were captured with light traps. Of these specimens, Nyssomyia neivai (Pinto 1926) (84.18%), Nyssomyia intermedia (Lutz & Neiva 1912) (13.41%), Evandromyia lenti(Mangabeira 1938) (0.99%) and Evandromyia sallesi (Galvão & Coutinho 1939) (0.48%) were the most represented. The former two species could be involved in the epidemiological chain of leishmaniasis in this region. No significant difference was found between the species compositions on the two river banks.

Based on the outcomes of a focus group in which eight teenagers discussed about their experience in a public school this article seeks to underscore aspects of the intersubjective dynamics in the classroom. The speeches of the teenagers reveal how the unfolding of their sexual life can lead teachers to become entangled in situations that put their authority at stake. It is also meaningful that the highlight effect produced by compliments to the students in the classroom reveals an inconvenient side effect. A psychoanalytically oriented analysis of the utterances of the group indicates how the responses of the teacher to the way he or she is perceived by the students can promote or prevent the intersubjective dynamic. From this it is concluded that the student’s desire to learn depends partially in the acknowledgment of the singularities of the teenagers.

Phlebotomines are invertebrate hosts of Leishmania genus species which are etiological agents of leishmaniases in humans and other mammals. Sandflies are often collected in entomological studies of caves both in the inner area and the adjacent environments. Caves are ecotypes clearly different from the external environment. Several caves have been opened to public visitation before any studies were performed and the places do not have scientific monitoring of the fauna, flora, geological and geographical characteristics. These events can lead to the loss of geological and biological information. Considering these aspects, this study aimed to describe the sand fly fauna, including the ecological features, in a limestone cave at the Speleological Province of Bambuí (Minas Gerais State, Brazil). A total of 8,354 specimens of sandflies belonging to 29 species were analyzed: Lutzomyia cavernicola (20%), Nyssomyia intermedia (15%), Martinsmyia oliveirai (13%), Evandromyia spelunca (12%), Evandromyia sallesi (11%), Migonemyia migonei (9%), Nyssomyia whitmani (9%), Sciopemyia sordellii (4%) and Lutzomyia longipalpis (2%). The others species represent 5% of the total. This manuscript presents data found on richness, diversity, evenness and seasonality, comparing the sand fly fauna trapped in the cave and its surroundings.

Sandflies are holometabolous insects that are of great epidemiological importance in the neotropical region as vectors of leishmaniases. Caves are ecotopes that significantly differ from external environments and, among the insects that live or visit their internal area and adjacent environment, sandflies are commonly found. Based on this context, the objective of this work was to examine the period of activity of sandflies in the cave environment in the aphotic zone. Thus, four sandfly captures were conducted, one in each season of the year, in a cave where studies on the bioecological aspects of sandfly fauna have been conducted since 2008. In this same study, we have also noticed the presence of flagellates in some captured females. Catches were carried out for 24 hours using a Shannon trap, light bait, and cave walls were actively searched. We collected a total of 638 sandflies, representing 11 species. The most abundant species and with more intense period of activity were, in descending order: Lu. cavernicola (62%), Ev. spelunca (16%) and Ev. sallesi (14%). A total of 69 females were dissected to check for natural infection, and in five specimens we found living flagellated forms: two Ev. spelunca, two Ev. sallesi and one Sc. sordellii. This study shows that the activity of some species caught in the aphotic zone of the cave, especially Lu. cavernicola, differs from what has already been reported in previous sandfly captures, which are almost always conducted at night and during twilight. The existence of sandflies that were naturally infected with flagellates and the lack of awareness regarding the behaviour of sandflies in cave environments are strong indicators of the need for further study on this group of insects in this ecotope, as a safety measure to protect the visitors of such environment.

Maximum loads acting on aircraft structures generally arise when the aircraft is undergoing some form of acceleration, such as during landing. Landing, especially when considering rotorcrafts, is thus crucial in determining the operational load spectrum, and accurate predictions on the actual health/load level of the rotorcraft structure cannot be achieved unless a database comprising the structural response in various landing conditions is available. An effective means to create a structural response database relies on the modeling and simulation of the items and phenomena of concern. The structural response to rotorcraft landing is an underrated topic in the open scientific literature, and tools for the landing event simulation are lacking. In the present work, a coupled sequential simulation strategy is proposed and experimentally verified. This approach divides the complex landing problem into two separate domains, namely a dynamic domain, which is ruled by a multibody model, and a structural domain, which relies on a finite element model (FEM). The dynamic analysis is performed first, calculating a set of intermediate parameters that are provided as input to the subsequent structural analysis. Two approaches are compared, using displacements and forces at specific airframe locations, respectively, as the link between the dynamic and structural domains.

The frequency of Achilles tendon tear has increased worldwide. Several factors have been described that help explain the mechanism of injury. The treatment of choice continues to be surgery; conservative treatment is reserved for patients with a high morbidity and mortality. Surgical treatment consists of an open or percutaneous technique. In both modalities we try to achieve prompt mobilization of the operated tendon to obtain better and quicker healing. This prospective study describes our experience with 35 patients enrolled from February 2004 to August 2010. They were treated with open repair, physical rehabilitation and active ankle mobilization before the second postoperative week, and with colchicine. We obtained satisfactory results. Patients recovered complete mobility approximately at postoperative week 6, and from weeks 8 to 10 they could resume their daily work activities and participate in sports and recreational activities. Patients were assessed according to the ATRS classification to measure their clinical results. We had no infections or other major complications. We conclude that the open surgical repair of Achilles tendon tear, prompt mobility, and colchicine provide good results.

Sustained-release formulations of theophylline as well as of other drugs are designed to effect a delayed but constant release of the active principle in the gastrointestinal tract, thus ensuring more prolonged blood level curves. This study was made to assess the bioavailability of two sustained-release microencapsulated formulations and one sustained-release Diffucaps formulation, in comparison with an equivalent dose of theophylline solution. As regards bioavailability, none of the three formulations differed significantly from the reference formulation. The blood levels at steady state were estimated on the basis of data obtained after a single-dose study. All three sustained release formulations showed good results after prolonged administration in terms of peaks and troughs. The time duration at which the theophylline plasma levels remain higher than 75% of the maximum steady-state levels, following 12-h dosing interval, was evaluated: for the sustained-release microencapsulated formulations this time duration reaches 100% of the dosing interval. A multiple-dose administration of the sustained-release formulations used in this study should guarantee almost complete time coverage, with blood levels sharply exceeding the minimum threshold level of the theophylline therapeutic range.

The absolute bioavailability of dihydroquinidine chloride (normal tablet and sustained-release capsule) was studied in 12 hospitalized patients with heart disease. A 300-mg dose of dihydroquinidine gluconate was administered to each patient by short intravenous infusion. After a single dose of two tablets of dihydroquinidine chloride (300 mg), the average peak concentration was 0.74 +/- 0.43 mg/l (+/- SD); following administration two capsules of the sustained-release form (500 mg dihydroquinidine chloride) the average peak concentration was 0.55 +/- 0.25 mg/l. Tmax was approximately 5 h with the dihydroquinidine tablet and 7 h with the dihydroquinidine capsule. The mean absolute bioavailability was 89 +/- 9% for the conventional tablet and 52 +/- 15% for the sustained-release capsule. After intravenous infusion of dihydroquinidine (2.63 +/- 0.29 mg/kg), the disposition of the drug is described by a two-compartment open model. The volume of distribution (Vd) was 4.67 l/kg. Distribution (t1/2 alpha = 18.63 +/- 15.2 h) and the apparent elimination half-life (t1/2 beta = 10.8 +/- 4.7 h) were longer than the corresponding values reported by Ueda et al. [1976]. These discrepancies are presumably due to the different sampling period that was extended to 24 h in our study, consequently evidencing a slower rate of elimination from 12 to 24 h. Mean total body clearance (Cl) was 0.28 +/- 0.057 l/h/kg. Urine sample collection for 48 h showed 21% of the dose was excreted unchanged. The renal clearance (Clr) was 0.062 +/- 0.018 l/h/kg.