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1. Risk and predictive factors of prolonged viral RNA shedding in upper respiratory specimens in a large cohort of COVID-19 patients admitted to an Italian reference hospital

Author

Annalisa Mondi, Patrizia Lorenzini, Concetta Castilletti, Roberta Gagliardini, Eleonora Lalle, Angela Corpolongo, Maria Beatrice Valli, Fabrizio Taglietti, Stefania Cicalini, Laura Loiacono, Francesco Di Gennaro, Gianpiero D’Offizi, Fabrizio Palmieri, Emanuele Nicastri, Chiara Agrati, Nicola Petrosillo, Giuseppe Ippolito, Francesco Vaia, Enrico Girardi, Maria Rosaria Capobianchi, Andrea Antinori, Sara Zito, Maria Alessandra Abbonizio, Amina Abdeddaim, Elisabetta Agostini, Fabrizio Albarello, Gioia Amadei, Alessandra Amendola, Maria Assunta Antonica, Mario Antonini, Tommaso Ascoli Bartoli, Francesco Baldini, Raffaella Barbaro, Barbara Bartolini, Rita Bellagamba, Martina Benigni, Nazario Bevilacqua, Gianluigi Biava, Michele Bibas, Licia Bordi, Veronica Bordoni, Evangelo Boumis, Marta Branca, Rosanna Buonomo, Donatella Busso, Marta Camici, Paolo Campioni, Flaminia Canichella, Alessandro Capone, Cinzia Caporale, Emanuela Caraffa, Ilaria Caravella, Fabrizio Carletti, Adriana Cataldo, Stefano Cerilli, Carlotta Cerva, Roberta Chiappini, Pierangelo Chinello, Maria Assunta Cianfarani, Carmine Ciaralli, Claudia Cimaglia, Nicola Cinicola, Veronica Ciotti, Francesca Colavita, Massimo Cristofaro, Salvatore Curiale, Alessandra D’Abramo, Cristina Dantimi, Alessia De Angelis, Giada De Angelis, Maria Grazia De Palo, Federico De Zottis, Virginia Di Bari, Rachele Di Lorenzo, Federica Di Stefano, Davide Donno, Francesca Evangelista, Francesca Faraglia, Anna Farina, Federica Ferraro, Lorena Fiorentini, Andrea Frustaci, Matteo Fusetti, Vincenzo Galati, Paola Gallì, Gabriele Garotto, Ilaria Gaviano, Saba Gebremeskel Tekle, Maria Letizia Giancola, Filippo Giansante, Emanuela Giombini, Guido Granata, Maria Cristina Greci, Elisabetta Grilli, Susanna Grisetti, Gina Gualano, Fabio Iacomi, Marta Iaconi, Giuseppina Iannicelli, Carlo Inversi, Maria Elena Lamanna, Simone Lanini, Daniele Lapa, Luciana Lepore, Raffaella Libertone, Raffaella Lionetti, Giuseppina Liuzzi, Andrea Lucia, Franco Lufrani, Manuela Macchione, Gaetano Maffongelli, Alessandra Marani, Luisa Marchioni, Andrea Mariano, Maria Cristina Marini, Micaela Maritti, Annelisa Mastrobattista, Ilaria Mastrorosa, Giulia Matusali, Valentina Mazzotta, Paola Mencarini, Silvia Meschi, Francesco Messina, Sibiana Micarelli, Giulia Mogavero, Marzia Montalbano, Chiara Montaldo, Silvia Mosti, Silvia Murachelli, Maria Musso, Michela Nardi, Assunta Navarra, Martina Nocioni, Pasquale Noto, Roberto Noto, Alessandra Oliva, Ilaria Onnis, Sandrine Ottou, Claudia Palazzolo, Emanuele Pallini, Giulio Palombi, Carlo Pareo, Virgilio Passeri, Federico Pelliccioni, Giovanna Penna, Antonella Petrecchia, Ada Petrone, Elisa Pianura, Carmela Pinnetti, Maria Pisciotta, Pierluca Piselli, Silvia Pittalis, Agostina Pontarelli, Costanza Proietti, Vincenzo Puro, Paolo Migliorisi Ramazzini, Alessia Rianda, Gabriele Rinonapoli, Silvia Rosati, Dorotea Rubino, Martina Rueca, Alberto Ruggeri, Alessandra Sacchi, Alessandro Sampaolesi, Francesco Sanasi, Carmen Santagata, Alessandra Scarabello, Silvana Scarcia, Vincenzo Schininà, Paola Scognamiglio, Laura Scorzolini, Giulia Stazi, Giacomo Strano, Chiara Taibi, Giorgia Taloni, Tetaj Nardi, Roberto Tonnarini, Simone Topino, Martina Tozzi, Francesco Vairo, Alessandra Vergori, Laura Vincenzi, Ubaldo Visco-Comandini, Serena Vita, Pietro Vittozzi, Mauro Zaccarelli, and Antonella Zanetti

Subjects
Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, viral clearance, viral shedding, Risk factors, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Background: Limited data are available about the predictors and outcomes associated with prolonged SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding (VS). Methods: A retrospective study including COVID-19 patients admitted to an Italian hospital between March 1 and July 1, 2020. Predictors of viral clearance (VC) and prolonged VS from the upper respiratory tract were assessed by Poisson regression and logistic regression analyses. The causal relation between VS and clinical outcomes was evaluated through an inverse probability weighted Cox model. Results: The study included 536 subjects. The median duration of VS from symptoms onset was 18 days. The estimated 30-day probability of VC was 70.2%. Patients with comorbidities, lymphopenia at hospital admission, or moderate/severe respiratory disease had a lower chance of VC. The development of moderate/severe respiratory failure, delayed hospital admission after symptoms onset, baseline comorbidities, or D-dimer >1000 ng/mL at admission independently predicted prolonged VS. The achievement of VC doubled the chance of clinical recovery and reduced the probability of death/mechanical ventilation. Conclusions: Respiratory disease severity, comorbidities, delayed hospital admission and inflammatory markers negatively predicted VC, which resulted to be associated with better clinical outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of prompt hospitalization of symptomatic patients, especially where signs of severity or comorbidities are present.

Published
2021
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2. Down Syndrome patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: A high-risk category for unfavourable outcome

Author

Serena Vita, Virginia Di Bari, Angela Corpolongo, Delia Goletti, Joaquin Espinosa, Sebastiano Petracca, Fabrizio Palmieri, Emanuele Nicastri, Abbonizio, Chiara Agrati, Fabrizio Albarello, Gioia Amadei, Alessandra Amendola, Mario Antonini, Raffaella Barbaro, Barbara Bartolini, Martina Benigni, Nazario Bevilacqua, Licia Bordi, Veronica Bordoni, Marta Branca, Paolo Campioni, Maria Rosaria Capobianchi, Cinzia Caporale, Ilaria Caravella, Fabrizio Carletti, Concetta Castilletti, Roberta Chiappini, Carmine Ciaralli, Francesca Colavita, Massimo Cristofaro, Salvatore Curiale, Alessandra D’Abramo, Cristina Dantimi, Alessia De Angelis, Giada De Angelis, Rachele Di Lorenzo, Federica Di Stefano, Federica Ferraro, Lorena Fiorentini, Andrea Frustaci, Paola Gallì, Gabriele Garotto, Maria Letizia Giancola, Filippo Giansante, Emanuela Giombini, Maria Cristina Greci, Giuseppe Ippolito, Eleonora Lalle, Simone Lanini, Daniele Lapa, Luciana Lepore, Andrea Lucia, Franco Lufrani, Manuela Macchione, Alessandra Marani, Luisa Marchioni, Andrea Mariano, Maria Cristina Marini, Micaela Maritti, Giulia Matusali, Silvia Meschi, Francesco Messina Chiara Montaldo, Silvia Murachelli, Roberto Noto, Claudia Palazzolo, Emanuele Pallini, Virgilio Passeri, Federico Pelliccioni, Antonella Petrecchia, Ada Petrone, Nicola Petrosillo, Elisa Pianura, Maria Pisciotta, Silvia Pittalis, Costanza Proietti, Vincenzo Puro, Gabriele Rinonapoli, Martina Rueca, Alessandra Sacchi, Francesco Sanasi, Carmen Santagata, Silvana Scarcia, Vincenzo Schininà, Paola Scognamiglio, Laura Scorzolini, Giulia Stazi, Francesco Vaia, Francesco Vairo, and Maria Beatrice Valli

Subjects
COVID-19 pneumonia, Down syndrome, Immune dysregulation, Immune activation, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

We report two cases of Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) in patients with Down Syndrome (DS) and describe the identification, diagnosis, clinical course and management of the infection. Down Syndrome, which is caused by trisomy 21, is characterized by immune dysregulation, anatomical differences in the upper respiratory tract and higher rate of comorbidities. All these risk factors can contribute to more severe clinical presentations of COVID-19 in this population. It is essential to raise awareness of the clinical relevance of SARS-COV-2 infection in DS patients, as well as in other most vulnerable patients, in order to improve their management and treatment and to encourage vaccinating these individuals early, once a vaccination is available.

Published
2021
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3. 2019-novel Coronavirus severe adult respiratory distress syndrome in two cases in Italy: An uncommon radiological presentation

Author

Fabrizio Albarello, Elisa Pianura, Federica Di Stefano, Massimo Cristofaro, Ada Petrone, Luisa Marchioni, Claudia Palazzolo, Vincenzo Schininà, Emanuele Nicastri, Nicola Petrosillo, Paolo Campioni, Petersen Eskild, Alimuddin Zumla, Giuseppe Ippolito, Maria Alessandra Abbonizio, Chiara Agrati, Gioia Amadei, Alessandra Amendola, Mario Antonini, Raffaella Barbaro, Barbara Bartolini, Martina Benigni, Nazario Bevilacqua, Licia Bordi, Veronica Bordoni, Marta Branca, Maria Rosaria Capobianchi, Cinzia Caporale, Ilaria Caravella, Fabrizio Carletti, Concetta Castilletti, Roberta Chiappini, Carmine Ciaralli, Francesca Colavita, Angela Corpolongo, Salvatore Curiale, Alessandra D’Abramo, Cristina Dantimi, Alessia De Angelis, Giada De Angelis, Rachele Di Lorenzo, Federica Ferraro, Lorena Fiorentini, Andrea Frustaci, Paola Gallì, Gabriele Garotto, Maria Letizia Giancola, Filippo Giansante, Emanuela Giombini, Maria Cristina Greci, Eleonora Lalle, Simone Lanini, Daniele Lapa, Luciana Lepore, Andrea Lucia, Franco Lufrani, Manuela Macchione, Alessandra Marani, Andrea Mariano, Maria Cristina Marini, Micaela Maritti, Giulia Matusali, Silvia Meschi, Francesco Messina Chiara Montaldo, Silvia Murachelli, Roberto Noto, Emanuele Pallini, Virgilio Passeri, Federico Pelliccioni, Antonella Petrecchia, Maria Pisciotta, Silvia Pittalis, Costanza Proietti, Vincenzo Puro, Gabriele Rinonapoli, Martina Rueca, Alessandra Sacchi, Francesco Sanasi, Carmen Santagata, Silvana Scarcia, Paola Scognamiglio, Laura Scorzolini, Giulia Stazi, Francesco Vaia, Francesco Vairo, and Maria Beatrice Valli

Subjects
Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Introduction: Several recent case reports have described common early chest imaging findings of lung pathology caused by 2019 novel Coronavirus (SARS-COV2) which appear to be similar to those seen previously in SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV infected patients. Objective: We present some remarkable imaging findings of the first two patients identified in Italy with COVID-19 infection travelling from Wuhan, China. The follow-up with chest X-Rays and CT scans was also included, showing a progressive adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Results: Moderate to severe progression of the lung infiltrates, with increasing percentage of high-density infiltrates sustained by a bilateral and multi-segmental extension of lung opacities, were seen. During the follow-up, apart from pleural effusions, a tubular and enlarged appearance of pulmonary vessels with a sudden caliber reduction was seen, mainly found in the dichotomic tracts, where the center of a new insurgent pulmonary lesion was seen. It could be an early alert radiological sign to predict initial lung deterioration. Another uncommon element was the presence of mediastinal lymphadenopathy with short-axis oval nodes. Conclusions: Although only two patients have been studied, these findings are consistent with the radiological pattern described in literature. Finally, the pulmonary vessels enlargement in areas where new lung infiltrates develop in the follow-up CT scan, could describe an early predictor radiological sign of lung impairment. Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-COV2, CT-scan, Ground glass opacities, Crazy-paving, Enlarged pulmonary vessels

Published
2020
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4. Outcomes and Timing of Bedside Percutaneous Tracheostomy of COVID-19 Patients Over a Year in Intensive Care Unit

Author

Fabrizio Palmieri, Stefania Ianniello, Alessandro Carucci, Matteo Fusetti, Francesco Vaia, Emanuele Nicastri, Ilaria Caravella, Carmen Santagata, Paolo Campioni, Giada De Angelis, Giulia V. Stazi, Ricardo Cabas, Cristina Dantimi, Silvana Scarcia, Daniele Centanni, Francesco Pugliese, Donatella Busso, Gabriele Garotto, Giuseppe Ippolito, Andrea Antinori, Ilaria Gaviano, Filippo Giansante, Luisa Marchioni, Rachele Di Lorenzo, Maria Cristina Marini, Micaela Maritti, N. Petrosillo, Nardi Tetaj, Gianpiero D'Offizi, and Manuela Macchione

Subjects
Mechanical ventilation, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, allergology, Intensive care unit, law.invention, Early tracheostomy, law, Emergency medicine, Percutaneous tracheostomy, Medicine, business, therapeutics
Abstract

(1) Background: Benefits and timing of percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) COVID-19 patients are still controversial. PDT is considered a high risk procedure for transmission of SARS CoV-2 to health care workers (HCWs). The present study analyzed optimal timing of PDT, clinical outcomes of patients undergoing PDT and safety of HCWs performing PDT. (2) Methods: 133 COVID-19 patients underwent PDT in our ICU from April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021, 23 patients were excluded and 110 patients were enrolled. A trained medical team was dedicated to the PDT procedure. Demographic, clinical history and outcome data were collected. Patients who underwent PDT were stratified into two groups: early group, PDT ≤ 12 days from orotracheal-intubation (OTI) and late group, >12 days from OTI; HCW surveillance program was performed. (3) Results: Early group included 57 patients and late group included 53 patients. Early group patients showed shorter ICU length of stay and fewer days of mechanical ventilation than the late group (p

Published
2021

5. Risk and predictive factors of prolonged viral RNA shedding in upper respiratory specimens in a large cohort of COVID-19 patients admitted in an Italian Reference Hospital

Author

Annalisa Mondi, Patrizia Lorenzini, Concetta Castilletti, Roberta Gagliardini, Eleonora Lalle, Angela Corpolongo, Maria Beatrice Valli, Fabrizio Taglietti, Stefania Cicalini, Laura Loiacono, Francesco Di Gennaro, Gianpiero D’Offizi, Fabrizio Palmieri, Emanuele Nicastri, Chiara Agrati, Nicola Petrosillo, Giuseppe Ippolito, Francesco Vaia, Enrico Girardi, Maria Rosaria Capobianchi, Andrea Antinori, Sara Zito, Maria Alessandra Abbonizio, Amina Abdeddaim, Elisabetta Agostini, Fabrizio Albarello, Gioia Amadei, Alessandra Amendola, Maria Assunta Antonica, Mario Antonini, Tommaso Ascoli Bartoli, Francesco Baldini, Raffaella Barbaro, Barbara Bartolini, Rita Bellagamba, Martina Benigni, Nazario Bevilacqua, Gianluigi Biava, Michele Bibas, Licia Bordi, Veronica Bordoni, Evangelo Boumis, Marta Branca, Rosanna Buonomo, Donatella Busso, Marta Camici, Paolo Campioni, Flaminia Canichella, Alessandro Capone, Cinzia Caporale, Emanuela Caraffa, Ilaria Caravella, Fabrizio Carletti, Adriana Cataldo, Stefano Cerilli, Carlotta Cerva, Roberta Chiappini, Pierangelo Chinello, Maria Assunta Cianfarani, Carmine Ciaralli, Claudia Cimaglia, Nicola Cinicola, Veronica Ciotti, Francesca Colavita, Massimo Cristofaro, Salvatore Curiale, Alessandra D’Abramo, Cristina Dantimi, Alessia De Angelis, Giada De Angelis, Maria Grazia De Palo, Federico De Zottis, Virginia Di Bari, Rachele Di Lorenzo, Federica Di Stefano, Davide Donno, Francesca Evangelista, Francesca Faraglia, Anna Farina, Federica Ferraro, Lorena Fiorentini, Andrea Frustaci, Matteo Fusetti, Vincenzo Galati, Paola Gallì, Gabriele Garotto, Ilaria Gaviano, Saba Gebremeskel Tekle, Maria Letizia Giancola, Filippo Giansante, Emanuela Giombini, Guido Granata, Maria Cristina Greci, Elisabetta Grilli, Susanna Grisetti, Gina Gualano, Fabio Iacomi, Marta Iaconi, Giuseppina Iannicelli, Carlo Inversi, Maria Elena Lamanna, Simone Lanini, Daniele Lapa, Luciana Lepore, Raffaella Libertone, Raffaella Lionetti, Giuseppina Liuzzi, Andrea Lucia, Franco Lufrani, Manuela Macchione, Gaetano Maffongelli, Alessandra Marani, Luisa Marchioni, Andrea Mariano, Maria Cristina Marini, Micaela Maritti, Annelisa Mastrobattista, Ilaria Mastrorosa, Giulia Matusali, Valentina Mazzotta, Paola Mencarini, Silvia Meschi, Francesco Messina, Sibiana Micarelli, Giulia Mogavero, Marzia Montalbano, Chiara Montaldo, Silvia Mosti, Silvia Murachelli, Maria Musso, Michela Nardi, Assunta Navarra, Martina Nocioni, Pasquale Noto, Roberto Noto, Alessandra Oliva, Ilaria Onnis, Sandrine Ottou, Claudia Palazzolo, Emanuele Pallini, Giulio Palombi, Carlo Pareo, Virgilio Passeri, Federico Pelliccioni, Giovanna Penna, Antonella Petrecchia, Ada Petrone, Elisa Pianura, Carmela Pinnetti, Maria Pisciotta, Pierluca Piselli, Silvia Pittalis, Agostina Pontarelli, Costanza Proietti, Vincenzo Puro, Paolo Migliorisi Ramazzini, Alessia Rianda, Gabriele Rinonapoli, Silvia Rosati, Dorotea Rubino, Martina Rueca, Alberto Ruggeri, Alessandra Sacchi, Alessandro Sampaolesi, Francesco Sanasi, Carmen Santagata, Alessandra Scarabello, Silvana Scarcia, Vincenzo Schininà, Paola Scognamiglio, Laura Scorzolini, Giulia Stazi, Giacomo Strano, Chiara Taibi, Giorgia Taloni, Tetaj Nardi, Roberto Tonnarini, Simone Topino, Martina Tozzi, Francesco Vairo, Alessandra Vergori, Laura Vincenzi, Ubaldo Visco-Comandini, Serena Vita, Pietro Vittozzi, Mauro Zaccarelli, Antonella Zanetti, Mondi, A., Lorenzini, P., Castilletti, C., Gagliardini, R., Lalle, E., Corpolongo, A., Valli, M. B., Taglietti, F., Cicalini, S., Loiacono, L., Di Gennaro, F., D'Offizi, G., Palmieri, F., Nicastri, E., Agrati, C., Petrosillo, N., Ippolito, G., Vaia, F., Girardi, E., Capobianchi, M. R., Antinori, A., Zito, S., Abbonizio, M. A., Abdeddaim, A., Agostini, E., Albarello, F., Amadei, G., Amendola, A., Antonica, M. A., Antonini, M., Bartoli, T. A., Baldini, F., Barbaro, R., Bartolini, B., Bellagamba, R., Benigni, M., Bevilacqua, N., Biava, G., Bibas, M., Bordi, L., Bordoni, V., Boumis, E., Branca, M., Buonomo, R., Busso, D., Camici, M., Campioni, P., Canichella, F., Capone, A., Caporale, C., Caraffa, E., Caravella, I., Carletti, F., Cataldo, A., Cerilli, S., Cerva, C., Chiappini, R., Chinello, P., Cianfarani, M. A., Ciaralli, C., Cimaglia, C., Cinicola, N., Ciotti, V., Colavita, F., Cristofaro, M., Curiale, S., D'Abramo, A., Dantimi, C., De Angelis, A., De Angelis, G., De Palo, M. G., De Zottis, F., Di Bari, V., Di Lorenzo, R., Di Stefano, F., Donno, D., Evangelista, F., Faraglia, F., Farina, A., Ferraro, F., Fiorentini, L., Frustaci, A., Fusetti, M., Galati, V., Galli, P., Garotto, G., Gaviano, I., Tekle, S. G., Giancola, M. L., Giansante, F., Giombini, E., Granata, G., Greci, M. C., Grilli, E., Grisetti, S., Gualano, G., Iacomi, F., Iaconi, M., Iannicelli, G., Inversi, C., Lamanna, M. E., Lanini, S., Lapa, D., Lepore, L., Libertone, R., Lionetti, R., Liuzzi, G., Lucia, A., Lufrani, F., Macchione, M., Maffongelli, G., Marani, A., Marchioni, L., Mariano, A., Marini, M. C., Maritti, M., Mastrobattista, A., Mastrorosa, I., Matusali, G., Mazzotta, V., Mencarini, P., Meschi, S., Messina, F., Micarelli, S., Mogavero, G., Montalbano, M., Montaldo, C., Mosti, S., Murachelli, S., Musso, M., Nardi, M., Navarra, A., Nocioni, M., Noto, P., Noto, R., Oliva, A., Onnis, I., Ottou, S., Palazzolo, C., Pallini, E., Palombi, G., Pareo, C., Passeri, V., Pelliccioni, F., Penna, G., Petrecchia, A., Petrone, A., Pianura, E., Pinnetti, C., Pisciotta, M., Piselli, P., Pittalis, S., Pontarelli, A., Proietti, C., Puro, V., Ramazzini, P. M., Rianda, A., Rinonapoli, G., Rosati, S., Rubino, D., Rueca, M., Ruggeri, A., Sacchi, A., Sampaolesi, A., Sanasi, F., Santagata, C., Scarabello, A., Scarcia, S., Schinina, V., Scognamiglio, P., Scorzolini, L., Stazi, G., Strano, G., Taibi, C., Taloni, G., Nardi, T., Tonnarini, R., Topino, S., Tozzi, M., Vairo, F., Vergori, A., Vincenzi, L., Visco-Comandini, U., Vita, S., Vittozzi, P., Zaccarelli, M., and Zanetti, A.

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Time Factors, medicine.medical_treatment, Respiratory System, coronavirus, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Severity of Illness Index, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, risk factors, 030212 general & internal medicine, Respiratory disease, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Virus Shedding, Infectious Diseases, symbols, RNA, Viral, Female, Coronavirus, COVID-19, viral clearance, viral shedding, Risk factors, SARS-CoV-2, Cohort study, Adult, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, viral shedding, Coronaviru, 030106 microbiology, Article, NO, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, Internal medicine, Severity of illness, medicine, Humans, Poisson regression, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, Mechanical ventilation, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, COVID-19, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, Respiratory failure, Risk factor, business, viral clearance
Abstract

Background Few data about predictors and outcomes associated with prolonged SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding (VS) are available. Methods Retrospective study including all patients admitted with COVID-19 in an Italian reference hospital for infectious diseases between March 1 and July 1, 2020. Predictors of viral clearance (VC) and prolonged VS from upper respiratory tract were assessed by Poisson regression and logistic regression analyses. The causal relation between duration of VS and probability of clinical outcomes was evaluated through inverse probability weighted Cox model. Results 536 subjects were included. Median duration of VS from symptoms onset was 18 days (IQR 12-26). The estimated 30-day probability of VC was 70.2% (95%CI:65-75). At multivariable analysis, patients with comorbidities (aIRR = 0.88, p = 0.004), lymphopenia at hospital admission (aIRR = 0.75, p = 0.032) and with moderate/severe respiratory disease (aIRR = 0.42, p 1000 ng/mL at admission (aOR = 1.76, p = 0.035) independently predicted prolonged VS. The achievement of VC doubled the chance of clinical recovery (aHR = 2.17, p

Published
2021

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