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166 results on '"Cristofaro, S"'

1. Laser absorption spectroscopy studies to characterize Cs oven performances for the negative ion source SPIDER

Author

Barbisan, M., Cristofaro, S., Zampieri, L., Pasqualotto, R., and Rizzolo, A.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

The SPIDER H-/D- ion source is currently in operation in the Neutral Beam Test facility (NBTF) at Consorzio RFX (Padova, Italy) to prove the possibility of generating up to 40 A of negative ions, with a maximum extracted current density of 350 A/m2 (H)/285 A/m2 (D) and a fraction of co-extracted electrons not greater than 0.5 (H)/1 (D). These performances are required for the realization of the ITER Neutral Beam Injector (NBI), which should deliver 16.7 MW to the plasma by means of negative ions accelerated up to 1 MeV and neutralized before being injected into the ITER tokamak. In order to obtain such high extracted current densities and low co-extracted electron fractions it is necessary to lower the work function of the surface of the acceleration system grid facing the source; this will be accomplished by coating the surfaces with Cs, routinely evaporated by three ovens. The functionality of the ovens has been tested at the CAesium oven Test Stand (CATS), hosted at NBTF. The test stand is equipped with several diagnostics, among which a Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (LAS) diagnostic. Using a tunable laser diode, the LAS diagnostic gets the high resolution absorption spectrum of the Cs 852 nm D2 line along a line of sight to measure Cs density at ground state. The paper describes the test stand and the LAS diagnostic, together with the characterization of the ovens to be installed in SPIDER. The paper will also study the systematic density underestimation effect caused by Cs ground state depopulation, as a function of laser intensity and of Cs density, in the perspective of correcting the density evaluation., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures. Contribution to the LAPD 2019 conference. Accepted manuscript of a published paper (embargo expired)

Published
2022
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2. Eulerian simulations of electrostatic waves in plasmas with a single sign of charge

Author

Cristofaro, S., Pezzi, O., O'Neil, T. M., Veltri, P., and Valentini, F.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

An Eulerian, numerical simulation is used to model the launching of plasma waves in a non-neutral plasma that is confined in a Penning-Malmberg trap. The waves are launched by applying an oscillating potential to an electrically isolated sector at one end of the conducting cylinder that bounds the confinement region and are received by another electrically isolated sector at the other end of the cylinder. The launching of both Trivelpiece-Gould waves and electron acoustic waves is investigated. Adopting a stratagem, the simulation captures essential features of the finite length plasma, while retaining the numerical advantages of a simulation employing periodic spatial boundary conditions. As a benchmark test of the simulation, the results for launched Trivelpiece-Gould waves of small amplitude are successfully compared to a linearized analytic solution for these fluctuations., Comment: 19 pages, 21 figures

Published
2022
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3. On the road to ITER NBIs: SPIDER improvement after first operation and MITICA construction progress

Author

Toigo, V., Marcuzzi, D., Serianni, G., Boldrin, M., Chitarin, G., Bello, S. Dal, Grando, L., Luchetta, A., Pasqualotto, R., Zaccaria, P., Zanotto, L., Agnello, R., Agostinetti, P., Agostini, M., Antoni, V., Aprile, D., Barbisan, M., Battistella, M., Berton, G., Bigi, M., Brombin, M., Candeloro, V., Canton, A., Casagrande, R., Cavallini, C., Cavazzana, R., Cordaro, L., Cruz, N., Palma, M. Dalla, Dan, M., De Lorenzi, A., Delogu, R., De Muri, M., Denizeau, S., Fadone, M., Fellin, F., Ferro, A., Gaio, E., Gasparini, F., Gasparrini, C., Gnesotto, F., Jain, P., Krastev, P., Lopez-Bruna, D., Lorenzini, R., Maistrello, A., Manduchi, G., Manfrin, S., Marconato, N., Martines, E., Martini, G., Martini, S., Milazzo, R., Patton, T., Pavei, M., Peruzzo, S., Pilan, N., Pimazzoni, A., Poggi, C., Pomaro, N., Pouradier-Duteil, B., Recchia, M., Rigoni-Garola, A., Rizzolo, A., Sartori, E., Shepherd, A., Siragusa, M., Sonato, P., Sottocornola, A., Spada, E., Spagnolo, S., Spolaore, M., Taliercio, C., Terranova, D., Tinti, P., Tomsič, P., Trevisan, L., Ugoletti, M., Valente, M., Vignando, M., Zagorski, R., Zamengo, A., Zaniol, B., Zaupa, M., Zuin, M., Cavenago, M., Boilson, D., Rotti, C., Veltri, P., Decamps, H., Dremel, M., Graceffa, J., Geli, F., Urbani, M., Zacks, J., Bonicelli, T., Paolucci, F., Garbuglia, A., Agarici, G., Gomez, G., Gutierrez, D., Kouzmenko, G., Labate, C., Masiello, A., Mico, G., Moreno, J-F, Pilard, V., Rousseau, A., Simon, M., Kashiwagi, M., Tobari, H., Watanabe, K., Maejima, T., Kojima, A., Oshita, E., Yamashita, Y., Konno, S., Singh, M., Chakraborty, A., Patel, H., Singh, N.P., Fantz, U., Bonomo, F., Cristofaro, S., Heinemann, B., Kraus, W., Wimmer, C., Wünderlich, D., Fubiani, G., Tsumori, K., Croci, G., Gorini, G., McCormack, O., Muraro, A., Rebai, M., Tardocchi, M., Giacomelli, L., Rigamonti, D., Taccogna, F., Bruno, D., Rutigliano, M., D'Arienzo, M., Tonti, A., and Panin, F.

Published
2021
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4. SPIDER Cs Ovens functional tests

Author

De Muri, M., Rizzolo, A., Sartori, E., Cristofaro, S., Barbisan, M., Fadone, M., Ravarotto, D., Rizzieri, R., Capobianco, R., Cinetto, P., Laterza, B., Rossetto, F., Rancan, M., Armelao, L., Taliercio, C., Serianni, G., and Marcuzzi, D.

Published
2021
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6. SPIDER, the Negative Ion Source Prototype for ITER: Overview of Operations and Cesium Injection

Author

Serianni, G, Sartori, E, Agnello, R, Agostini, M, Barbisan, M, Bigi, M, Boldrin, M, Brombin, M, Candeloro, V, Casagrande, R, Bello, S, Dan, M, Duteil, B, Fadone, M, Grando, L, Jain, P, Maistrello, A, Mario, I, Pasqualotto, R, Pavei, M, Pimazzoni, A, Poggi, C, Rizzolo, A, Shepherd, A, Ugoletti, M, Veltri, P, Zaniol, B, Agostinetti, P, Aprile, D, Berton, G, Cavallini, C, Cavazzana, R, Cavenago, M, Chitarin, G, Cristofaro, S, Croci, G, Cruz, N, Palma, M, Delogu, R, Muri, M, Nardi, M, Denizeau, S, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Gaio, E, Gasparrini, C, Luchetta, A, Lunardon, F, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Marcuzzi, D, Mccormack, O, Milazzo, R, Muraro, A, Patton, T, Pilan, N, Recchia, M, Rigoni-Garola, A, Santoro, F, Segalini, B, Siragusa, M, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Zaccaria, P, Zagorski, R, Zanotto, L, Zaupa, M, Zuin, M, Toigo, V, Serianni G., Sartori E., Agnello R., Agostini M., Barbisan M., Bigi M., Boldrin M., Brombin M., Candeloro V., Casagrande R., Bello S. D., Dan M., Duteil B. P., Fadone M., Grando L., Jain P., Maistrello A., Mario I., Pasqualotto R., Pavei M., Pimazzoni A., Poggi C., Rizzolo A., Shepherd A., Ugoletti M., Veltri P., Zaniol B., Agostinetti P., Aprile D., Berton G., Cavallini C., Cavazzana R., Cavenago M., Chitarin G., Cristofaro S., Croci G., Cruz N., Palma M. D., Delogu R., Muri M. D., Nardi M. D., Denizeau S., Fellin F., Ferro A., Gaio E., Gasparrini C., Luchetta A., Lunardon F., Manduchi G., Marconato N., Marcuzzi D., McCormack O., Milazzo R., Muraro A., Patton T., Pilan N., Recchia M., Rigoni-Garola A., Santoro F., Segalini B., Siragusa M., Spolaore M., Taliercio C., Zaccaria P., Zagorski R., Zanotto L., Zaupa M., Zuin M., Toigo V., Serianni, G, Sartori, E, Agnello, R, Agostini, M, Barbisan, M, Bigi, M, Boldrin, M, Brombin, M, Candeloro, V, Casagrande, R, Bello, S, Dan, M, Duteil, B, Fadone, M, Grando, L, Jain, P, Maistrello, A, Mario, I, Pasqualotto, R, Pavei, M, Pimazzoni, A, Poggi, C, Rizzolo, A, Shepherd, A, Ugoletti, M, Veltri, P, Zaniol, B, Agostinetti, P, Aprile, D, Berton, G, Cavallini, C, Cavazzana, R, Cavenago, M, Chitarin, G, Cristofaro, S, Croci, G, Cruz, N, Palma, M, Delogu, R, Muri, M, Nardi, M, Denizeau, S, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Gaio, E, Gasparrini, C, Luchetta, A, Lunardon, F, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Marcuzzi, D, Mccormack, O, Milazzo, R, Muraro, A, Patton, T, Pilan, N, Recchia, M, Rigoni-Garola, A, Santoro, F, Segalini, B, Siragusa, M, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Zaccaria, P, Zagorski, R, Zanotto, L, Zaupa, M, Zuin, M, Toigo, V, Serianni G., Sartori E., Agnello R., Agostini M., Barbisan M., Bigi M., Boldrin M., Brombin M., Candeloro V., Casagrande R., Bello S. D., Dan M., Duteil B. P., Fadone M., Grando L., Jain P., Maistrello A., Mario I., Pasqualotto R., Pavei M., Pimazzoni A., Poggi C., Rizzolo A., Shepherd A., Ugoletti M., Veltri P., Zaniol B., Agostinetti P., Aprile D., Berton G., Cavallini C., Cavazzana R., Cavenago M., Chitarin G., Cristofaro S., Croci G., Cruz N., Palma M. D., Delogu R., Muri M. D., Nardi M. D., Denizeau S., Fellin F., Ferro A., Gaio E., Gasparrini C., Luchetta A., Lunardon F., Manduchi G., Marconato N., Marcuzzi D., McCormack O., Milazzo R., Muraro A., Patton T., Pilan N., Recchia M., Rigoni-Garola A., Santoro F., Segalini B., Siragusa M., Spolaore M., Taliercio C., Zaccaria P., Zagorski R., Zanotto L., Zaupa M., Zuin M., and Toigo V.

Abstract

An overview of the recent operations and the main results of cesium injection in the Source for the Production of Ions of Deuterium Extracted from Rf plasma (SPIDER) negative ion source are described in this contribution. In experiments without cesium injection, all SPIDER plants were tested to verify the basic expectations on the operational parameters (e.g., electron cooling effectiveness of magnetic filter field) and to determine its operational region. For beam properties, it was shown that the current density varies across the beam in the vertical direction. In preliminary cesium experiments, the expected increase of negative ion current and simultaneous decrease of co-extracted electrons were found, along with the influence of the control parameters (polarization of the plasma electrodes, magnetic filter field) on the SPIDER beam uniformity in the horizontal and vertical directions. It was shown that non-Gaussian tails can be identified in the angular distribution on the plane perpendicular to the beam propagation direction. Stray particles, nonhomogeneous beam and large divergence might result in unexpected heat and particle loads over ITER neutral beam injector (NBI) accelerator grids; it is the goal of SPIDER to assess and possibly to identify suitable methods for controlling these beam features. A major shutdown, planned for late 2021, to solve the issues identified during the operation and to carry out scheduled modifications, is outlined. Such improvements are expected to allow SPIDER to pursue the ITER requirements in terms of negative ion current, electron-to-ion ratio, and beam duration.

Published
2023

9. SPIDER, the Negative Ion Source Prototype for ITER: Overview of Operations and Cesium Injection

Author

Serianni, G., primary, Sartori, E., additional, Agnello, R., additional, Agostini, M., additional, Barbisan, M., additional, Bigi, M., additional, Boldrin, M., additional, Brombin, M., additional, Candeloro, V., additional, Casagrande, R., additional, Bello, S. Dal, additional, Dan, M., additional, Duteil, B. P., additional, Fadone, M., additional, Grando, L., additional, Jain, P., additional, Maistrello, A., additional, Mario, I., additional, Pasqualotto, R., additional, Pavei, M., additional, Pimazzoni, A., additional, Poggi, C., additional, Rizzolo, A., additional, Shepherd, A., additional, Ugoletti, M., additional, Veltri, P., additional, Zaniol, B., additional, Agostinetti, P., additional, Aprile, D., additional, Berton, G., additional, Cavallini, C., additional, Cavazzana, R., additional, Cavenago, M., additional, Chitarin, G., additional, Cristofaro, S., additional, Croci, G., additional, Cruz, N., additional, Palma, M. Dalla, additional, Delogu, R., additional, Muri, M. De, additional, Nardi, M. De, additional, Denizeau, S., additional, Fellin, F., additional, Ferro, A., additional, Gaio, E., additional, Gasparrini, C., additional, Luchetta, A., additional, Lunardon, F., additional, Manduchi, G., additional, Marconato, N., additional, Marcuzzi, D., additional, McCormack, O., additional, Milazzo, R., additional, Muraro, A., additional, Patton, T., additional, Pilan, N., additional, Recchia, M., additional, Rigoni-Garola, A., additional, Santoro, F., additional, Segalini, B., additional, Siragusa, M., additional, Spolaore, M., additional, Taliercio, C., additional, Zaccaria, P., additional, Zagorski, R., additional, Zanotto, L., additional, Zaupa, M., additional, Zuin, M., additional, and Toigo, V., additional

Published
2023
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12. Virtual Distro Dispatcher: A Light-Weight Desktop-as-a-Service Solution

Author

Cristofaro, S., Bertini, F., Lamanna, D., Baldoni, R., Akan, Ozgur, editor, Bellavista, Paolo, editor, Cao, Jiannong, editor, Dressler, Falko, editor, Ferrari, Domenico, editor, Gerla, Mario, editor, Kobayashi, Hisashi, editor, Palazzo, Sergio, editor, Sahni, Sartaj, editor, Shen, Xuemin, editor, Stan, Mircea, editor, Xiaohua, Jia, editor, Zomaya, Albert, editor, Coulson, Geoffrey, editor, Avresky, Dimiter R., editor, Diaz, Michel, editor, Bode, Arndt, editor, Ciciani, Bruno, editor, and Dekel, Eliezer, editor

Published
2010
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13. On the road to ITER NBIs: SPIDER improvement after first operation and MITICA construction progress

Author

Toigo, V, Marcuzzi, D, Serianni, G, Boldrin, M, Chitarin, G, Bello, S, Grando, L, Luchetta, A, Pasqualotto, R, Zaccaria, P, Zanotto, L, Agnello, R, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Antoni, V, Aprile, D, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Berton, G, Bigi, M, Brombin, M, Candeloro, V, Canton, A, Casagrande, R, Cavallini, C, Cavazzana, R, Cordaro, L, Cruz, N, Palma, M, Dan, M, De Lorenzi, A, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Denizeau, S, Fadone, M, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Gaio, E, Gasparini, F, Gasparrini, C, Gnesotto, F, Jain, P, Krastev, P, Lopez-Bruna, D, Lorenzini, R, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Manfrin, S, Marconato, N, Martines, E, Martini, G, Martini, S, Milazzo, R, Patton, T, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pimazzoni, A, Poggi, C, Pomaro, N, Pouradier-Duteil, B, Recchia, M, Rigoni-Garola, A, Rizzolo, A, Sartori, E, Shepherd, A, Siragusa, M, Sonato, P, Sottocornola, A, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Terranova, D, Tinti, P, Tomsic, P, Trevisan, L, Ugoletti, M, Valente, M, Vignando, M, Zagorski, R, Zamengo, A, Zaniol, B, Zaupa, M, Zuin, M, Cavenago, M, Boilson, D, Rotti, C, Veltri, P, Decamps, H, Dremel, M, Graceffa, J, Geli, F, Urbani, M, Zacks, J, Bonicelli, T, Paolucci, F, Garbuglia, A, Agarici, G, Gomez, G, Gutierrez, D, Kouzmenko, G, Labate, C, Masiello, A, Mico, G, Moreno, J, Pilard, V, Rousseau, A, Simon, M, Kashiwagi, M, Tobari, H, Watanabe, K, Maejima, T, Kojima, A, Oshita, E, Yamashita, Y, Konno, S, Singh, M, Chakraborty, A, Patel, H, Singh, N, Fantz, U, Bonomo, F, Cristofaro, S, Heinemann, B, Kraus, W, Wimmer, C, Wunderlich, D, Fubiani, G, Tsumori, K, Croci, G, Gorini, G, Mccormack, O, Muraro, A, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, Giacomelli, L, Rigamonti, D, Taccogna, F, Bruno, D, Rutigliano, M, D'Arienzo, M, Tonti, A, Panin, F, Toigo V., Marcuzzi D., Serianni G., Boldrin M., Chitarin G., Bello S. D., Grando L., Luchetta A., Pasqualotto R., Zaccaria P., Zanotto L., Agnello R., Agostinetti P., Agostini M., Antoni V., Aprile D., Barbisan M., Battistella M., Berton G., Bigi M., Brombin M., Candeloro V., Canton A., Casagrande R., Cavallini C., Cavazzana R., Cordaro L., Cruz N., Palma M. D., Dan M., De Lorenzi A., Delogu R., De Muri M., Denizeau S., Fadone M., Fellin F., Ferro A., Gaio E., Gasparini F., Gasparrini C., Gnesotto F., Jain P., Krastev P., Lopez-Bruna D., Lorenzini R., Maistrello A., Manduchi G., Manfrin S., Marconato N., Martines E., Martini G., Martini S., Milazzo R., Patton T., Pavei M., Peruzzo S., Pilan N., Pimazzoni A., Poggi C., Pomaro N., Pouradier-Duteil B., Recchia M., Rigoni-Garola A., Rizzolo A., Sartori E., Shepherd A., Siragusa M., Sonato P., Sottocornola A., Spada E., Spagnolo S., Spolaore M., Taliercio C., Terranova D., Tinti P., Tomsic P., Trevisan L., Ugoletti M., Valente M., Vignando M., Zagorski R., Zamengo A., Zaniol B., Zaupa M., Zuin M., Cavenago M., Boilson D., Rotti C., Veltri P., Decamps H., Dremel M., Graceffa J., Geli F., Urbani M., Zacks J., Bonicelli T., Paolucci F., Garbuglia A., Agarici G., Gomez G., Gutierrez D., Kouzmenko G., Labate C., Masiello A., Mico G., Moreno J. -F., Pilard V., Rousseau A., Simon M., Kashiwagi M., Tobari H., Watanabe K., Maejima T., Kojima A., Oshita E., Yamashita Y., Konno S., Singh M., Chakraborty A., Patel H., Singh N. P., Fantz U., Bonomo F., Cristofaro S., Heinemann B., Kraus W., Wimmer C., Wunderlich D., Fubiani G., Tsumori K., Croci G., Gorini G., McCormack O., Muraro A., Rebai M., Tardocchi M., Giacomelli L., Rigamonti D., Taccogna F., Bruno D., Rutigliano M., D'Arienzo M., Tonti A., Panin F., Toigo, V, Marcuzzi, D, Serianni, G, Boldrin, M, Chitarin, G, Bello, S, Grando, L, Luchetta, A, Pasqualotto, R, Zaccaria, P, Zanotto, L, Agnello, R, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Antoni, V, Aprile, D, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Berton, G, Bigi, M, Brombin, M, Candeloro, V, Canton, A, Casagrande, R, Cavallini, C, Cavazzana, R, Cordaro, L, Cruz, N, Palma, M, Dan, M, De Lorenzi, A, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Denizeau, S, Fadone, M, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Gaio, E, Gasparini, F, Gasparrini, C, Gnesotto, F, Jain, P, Krastev, P, Lopez-Bruna, D, Lorenzini, R, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Manfrin, S, Marconato, N, Martines, E, Martini, G, Martini, S, Milazzo, R, Patton, T, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pimazzoni, A, Poggi, C, Pomaro, N, Pouradier-Duteil, B, Recchia, M, Rigoni-Garola, A, Rizzolo, A, Sartori, E, Shepherd, A, Siragusa, M, Sonato, P, Sottocornola, A, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Terranova, D, Tinti, P, Tomsic, P, Trevisan, L, Ugoletti, M, Valente, M, Vignando, M, Zagorski, R, Zamengo, A, Zaniol, B, Zaupa, M, Zuin, M, Cavenago, M, Boilson, D, Rotti, C, Veltri, P, Decamps, H, Dremel, M, Graceffa, J, Geli, F, Urbani, M, Zacks, J, Bonicelli, T, Paolucci, F, Garbuglia, A, Agarici, G, Gomez, G, Gutierrez, D, Kouzmenko, G, Labate, C, Masiello, A, Mico, G, Moreno, J, Pilard, V, Rousseau, A, Simon, M, Kashiwagi, M, Tobari, H, Watanabe, K, Maejima, T, Kojima, A, Oshita, E, Yamashita, Y, Konno, S, Singh, M, Chakraborty, A, Patel, H, Singh, N, Fantz, U, Bonomo, F, Cristofaro, S, Heinemann, B, Kraus, W, Wimmer, C, Wunderlich, D, Fubiani, G, Tsumori, K, Croci, G, Gorini, G, Mccormack, O, Muraro, A, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, Giacomelli, L, Rigamonti, D, Taccogna, F, Bruno, D, Rutigliano, M, D'Arienzo, M, Tonti, A, Panin, F, Toigo V., Marcuzzi D., Serianni G., Boldrin M., Chitarin G., Bello S. D., Grando L., Luchetta A., Pasqualotto R., Zaccaria P., Zanotto L., Agnello R., Agostinetti P., Agostini M., Antoni V., Aprile D., Barbisan M., Battistella M., Berton G., Bigi M., Brombin M., Candeloro V., Canton A., Casagrande R., Cavallini C., Cavazzana R., Cordaro L., Cruz N., Palma M. D., Dan M., De Lorenzi A., Delogu R., De Muri M., Denizeau S., Fadone M., Fellin F., Ferro A., Gaio E., Gasparini F., Gasparrini C., Gnesotto F., Jain P., Krastev P., Lopez-Bruna D., Lorenzini R., Maistrello A., Manduchi G., Manfrin S., Marconato N., Martines E., Martini G., Martini S., Milazzo R., Patton T., Pavei M., Peruzzo S., Pilan N., Pimazzoni A., Poggi C., Pomaro N., Pouradier-Duteil B., Recchia M., Rigoni-Garola A., Rizzolo A., Sartori E., Shepherd A., Siragusa M., Sonato P., Sottocornola A., Spada E., Spagnolo S., Spolaore M., Taliercio C., Terranova D., Tinti P., Tomsic P., Trevisan L., Ugoletti M., Valente M., Vignando M., Zagorski R., Zamengo A., Zaniol B., Zaupa M., Zuin M., Cavenago M., Boilson D., Rotti C., Veltri P., Decamps H., Dremel M., Graceffa J., Geli F., Urbani M., Zacks J., Bonicelli T., Paolucci F., Garbuglia A., Agarici G., Gomez G., Gutierrez D., Kouzmenko G., Labate C., Masiello A., Mico G., Moreno J. -F., Pilard V., Rousseau A., Simon M., Kashiwagi M., Tobari H., Watanabe K., Maejima T., Kojima A., Oshita E., Yamashita Y., Konno S., Singh M., Chakraborty A., Patel H., Singh N. P., Fantz U., Bonomo F., Cristofaro S., Heinemann B., Kraus W., Wimmer C., Wunderlich D., Fubiani G., Tsumori K., Croci G., Gorini G., McCormack O., Muraro A., Rebai M., Tardocchi M., Giacomelli L., Rigamonti D., Taccogna F., Bruno D., Rutigliano M., D'Arienzo M., Tonti A., and Panin F.

Abstract

To reach fusion conditions and control the plasma configuration in ITER, the next step in tokamak fusion research, two neutral beam injectors (NBIs) will supply 16.5 MW each, by neutralizing accelerated negative hydrogen or deuterium ions. The requirements of ITER NBIs (40A/1 MeV D- ions for ≤1 h, 46A/870 keV H- ions for ≤1000 s) have never been simultaneously attained. So in the Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF, Consorzio RFX, Italy) the operation of the full-scale ITER NBI prototype (MITICA) will be tested and optimised up to full performances, focussing on accelerator (including voltage holding), beam optics, neutralisation, residual ion removal. The NBTF includes also the full-scale prototype of the ITER NBI source with 100 keV particle energy (SPIDER), for early investigation of: negative ion production and extraction, source uniformity, negative ion current density and beam optics. This paper will describe the main results of the first two years of SPIDER operation, devoted to characterizing plasma and beam parameters, including investigation of RF-plasma coupling efficiency and magnetic filter field effectiveness in reducing co-extracted electrons. SPIDER is progressing towards the first caesium injection, which aims at increasing the negative ion density. A major shutdown, planned for 2021, to solve the issues identified during the operation and to carry out programmed modifications, will be outlined. The installation of each MITICA power supply and auxiliary system is completed; in-vessel mechanical components are under procurement by Fusion for Energy (F4E). Integration, commissioning and test of the power supplies, procured by F4E and QST, as the Japanese Domestic Agency (JADA), will be presented. In particular, 1.0MV insulating tests were carried out step-by-step and successfully completed. In 2020 integrated tests of the power supplies on the accelerator dummy load started, including the assessment of their resilience to accelerator grid breakdowns usin

Published
2021

14. Digital volume correlation analysis of polylactic acid based fused filament fabrication printed composites

Author

Cristofaro S. Timpano and Garrett W. Melenka

Subjects
Materials science, Additive manufacturing, Fused filament fabrication, 02 engineering and technology, composites, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0203 mechanical engineering, Polylactic acid, Materials Chemistry, micro-computed tomography, Composite material, digital volume correlation, Rapid manufacturing, Mechanical Engineering, Micro computed tomography, Articles, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, Correlation analysis, Ceramics and Composites, fused filament fabrication, 0210 nano-technology, Thermoplastic polymer, Volume (compression)
Abstract

Fused filament fabrication (FFF) has rapidly begun to see implementation in industrial fields as a method of rapid manufacturing. Traditional FFF parts are made from a single thermoplastic polymer. The polymer is heated to its melting point and deposited on a work bed where a model is gradually built from the base up. While traditional FFF parts have low mechanical properties, a reinforcing phase allows for improved mechanical properties. The addition of a reinforcing material to the base polymer and complex internal microstructure of the 3 D printed party leads to anisotropic mechanical properties. Thus, these materials’ mechanical properties become challenging to characterize using traditional measurement techniques due to the previously mentioned factors. Therefore, it is essential to develop a method in which mechanical properties can be measured and analyzed. This study aims to characterize the mechanical behaviour under a uniaxial tensile load of an FFF produced polylactic acid (PLA)-copper particulate composite. The internal response of the FFF sample was imaged using micro-computed tomography at predetermined loads. The μ-CT images were input into an open-source digital volume correlation (DVC) software to measure the internal displacements and strain tensor fields. The study results show the development of different strain fields and interior features of the FFF parts.

Published
2021
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15. First operations with caesium of the negative ion source SPIDER

Author

Sartori, E., primary, Agostini, M., additional, Barbisan, M., additional, Bigi, M., additional, Boldrin, M., additional, Brombin, M., additional, Casagrande, R., additional, Dal Bello, S., additional, Dan, M., additional, Duteil, B.P., additional, Fadone, M., additional, Grando, L., additional, Maistrello, A., additional, Pavei, M., additional, Pimazzoni, A., additional, Poggi, C., additional, Rizzolo, A., additional, Shepherd, A., additional, Ugoletti, M., additional, Veltri, P., additional, Zaniol, B., additional, Agnello, R., additional, Agostinetti, P., additional, Antoni, V., additional, Aprile, D., additional, Candeloro, V., additional, Cavallini, C., additional, Cavazzana, R., additional, Cavenago, M., additional, Chitarin, G., additional, Cristofaro, S., additional, Dalla Palma, M., additional, Delogu, R., additional, De Muri, M., additional, Denizeau, S., additional, Fellin, F., additional, Ferro, A., additional, Gasparrini, C., additional, Jain, P., additional, Luchetta, A., additional, Manduchi, G., additional, Marconato, N., additional, Marcuzzi, D., additional, Mario, I., additional, Milazzo, R., additional, Pasqualotto, R., additional, Patton, T., additional, Pilan, N., additional, Recchia, M., additional, Rigoni-Garola, A., additional, Segalini, B., additional, Siragusa, M., additional, Spolaore, M., additional, Taliercio, C., additional, Toigo, V., additional, Zagorski, R., additional, Zanotto, L., additional, Zaupa, M., additional, Zuin, M., additional, and Serianni, G., additional

Published
2022
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16. Mapping internal strain fields of fused filament fabrication metal filled polylactic acid structure using digital volume correlation

Author

Abhinav Goyal, Cristofaro S Timpano, and Garrett W Melenka

Subjects
Mechanics of Materials, Mechanical Engineering, Materials Chemistry, Ceramics and Composites
Abstract

With the advancement in Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), its application is increasing widely across different industries such as aeronautical, biomedical, robotics, etc. The internal structure is becoming more complex and intricate with varying materials of reinforcement which are used to improve mechanical properties. Current measurement techniques like Digital Image Correlation (DIC) are non-destructive testing methods that do not provide enough information on the behaviour of internal microstructure for anisotropic FFF materials. Digital Volume Correlation (DVC) is non-destructive testing technique which provides full field internal 3D deformation and strain fields. Copper particle filled PLA samples manufactured using FFF method with 20, 40, 60 and 80 infill percentages were loaded in tension inside Micro-CT. X-rays were passed through the sample to get a volumetric dataset for different loadings. Using DVC method on the dataset, internal displacement and strain fields were generated for 20, 40, 60 and 80 infill percentage FFF sample.

Published
2023
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17. Towards An Ontology Of The Museum Of Archaeology Of The University Of Catania: From The Legacy Data Digitization To The Semantic Web

Author

Brancato R, Cristofaro S, Figuera M, Laneri N, Nicolosi Asmundo M, Santamaria D, Spampinato D, J. Bogdani, R. Montalbano, P. Rosati, Brancato, R, Cristofaro, S, Figuera, M, Laneri, N, Nicolosi Asmundo, M, Santamaria, D, and Spampinato, D

Subjects
SEMANTIC WEB, ONTOLOGIES, CULTURAL HERITAGE, ARCHAEOLOGICAL MUSEUM, ARCHAEOLOGY
Abstract

This paper presents the results of digitization of the Libertini Collection of the Museum of Archaeology of the University of Catania (MAUC). The digitization project aims at defining forms of long-term preservation of digital data associated with sites and objects of cultural interest exploiting the Linked Open Data (LOD) paradigm and, more specifically, the Web Ontology Language (OWL), that is the standard language for representing web ontologies and digital tools designed for describing resources of various domains of knowledge. Such an approach provides a high level of expressiveness along with automatic reasoning tools, which allows the interested user to obtain a more comprehensive and efficient form of digital research.

Published
2021

20. Functional tests on SPIDER Cs Oven 03

Author

Barbisan M., Capobianco R., Cinetto P., Cristofaro S., De Muri M., Fadone M., Laterza B., Ravarotto D., Rizzieri R., Rizzolo A., Rossetto F., Sartori E., Serianni G., and Taliercio C.

Subjects
SPIDER Cs Oven 03, Neutral Beam Test Facility, ITER, NBTF, SPIDER
Abstract

At the beginning of 2020 the SPIDER Cs Oven 03 was tested on the CAesium Test Stand (CATS). This document concerns the description of the functional tests carried out on this oven and the presentation of the obtained experimental results. It is submitted as deliverable AWP21- DMCS/D1.

Published
2021

21. sj-pdf-2-jcm-10.1177_00219983211020500 - Supplemental material for Digital volume correlation analysis of polylactic acid based fused filament fabrication printed composites

Author

Timpano, Cristofaro S and Melenka, Garrett W

Subjects
FOS: Materials engineering, 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified
Abstract

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-jcm-10.1177_00219983211020500 for Digital volume correlation analysis of polylactic acid based fused filament fabrication printed composites by Cristofaro S Timpano and Garrett W Melenka in Journal of Composite Materials

Published
2021
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22. SPIDER, the negative ion source prototype for ITER: first operations with caesium

Author

Serianni G., Sartori E., Agnello R., Agostini M., Barbisan M., Bigi M., Boldrin M., Brombin M., Candeloro V., Casagrande R., Dal Bello S., Dan M., Duteil B.P., Fadone M., Grando L., Jain P., Maistrello A., Mario I., Pasqualotto R., Pavei M., Pimazzoni A., Poggi C., Rizzolo A., Shepherd A., Ugoletti M., Veltri P., Zaniol B., Agostinetti P., Aprile D., Berton G., Cavallini C., Cavazzana R., Cavenago M., Chitarin G., Cristofaro S., Croci G., Cruz N., Dalla Palma M., Delogu R., De Muri M., De Nardi M., Denizeau S., Fellin F., Ferro A., Gaio E., Gasparrini C., Luchetta A., Lunardon F., Manduchi G., Marconato N., Marcuzzi D., McCormack O., Milazzo R., Muraro A., Patton T., Pilan N., Recchia M., Rigoni Garola A., Santoro F., Segalini B., Siragusa M., Spolaore M., Taliercio C., Zaccaria P., Zagorski R., Zanotto L., Zaupa M., Zuin M., and Toigo V.

Subjects
ITER, negative ion source prototype, caesium, SPIDER
Abstract

To reach fusion conditions and control the plasma configuration in ITER, the next step in tokamak fusion research, two neutral beam injectors (NBIs) will supply 17MW each, by neutralizing accelerated negative hydrogen or deuterium ions. The requirements of ITER NBIs (40A/1MeV D- ions for

Published
2021

23. First Operations with Caesium of the Negative Ion Source SPIDER

Author

Sartori E., Agostini M., Barbisan M., Bigi M., Boldrin M., Brombin M., Casagrande R., Dal Bello S., Dan M., Duteil B.P., Fadone M., Grando L., Maistrello A., Pavei M., Pimazzoni A., Poggi C., Rizzolo A., Shepherd A., Ugoletti M., Veltri P., Zaniol B., Agnello R., Agostinetti P., Aprile D., Candeloro V., Cavallini C., Cavazzana R., Cavenago M., Chitarin G., Cristofaro S., Dalla Palma M., Delogu R., De Muri M., Denizeau S., Fellin F., Ferro C., Gasparrini C., Jain P., Luchetta A., Manduchi G., Marconato N., Marcuzzi D., Mario I., Milazzo R., Pasqualotto R., Patton T., Pilan N., Recchia M., Rigoni-Garola A., Siragusa M., Spolaore M., Taliercio C., Toigo V., Zagorski R., Zanotto L., Zaupa M., Zuin M., and Serianni G.

Subjects
Caesium injection, Negative Ion Source, SPIDER
Abstract

The negative-ion beam source SPIDER, which is the full-scale prototype source for the ITER neutral beam injector, recently started the operation with caesium. This experimental phase follows three years of volume operation, devoted to the commissioning of the plants and to the integrated test of the ion source and accelerator. The ion source, composed of eight RF drivers connected to a large plasma chamber from which the negative ions are extracted, was operated up to a RF power of 400kW, and beam energy up to 50kV, and plasma discharges limited to less than one minute This contribution will describe the main results of the first campaign with caesium in SPIDER. The repetition of short plasma and beam extraction blips with different injection rates was applied, to study the effect on plasma and beam parameters. The caesiation procedure adopted in SPIDER will be described (caesium injection rate, duty cycle of plasma-on, RF power, source gas pressure) together with the effects of the source parameters on the extracted beam and its uniformity. Even though the use of a much reduced number of beamlets was a strong limitation in terms of total accelerated current (a mask at the plasma grid covered 1252 apertures over 1280 to limit the gas load to the vacuum pumps), it provided advantages in the study of the caesium effect on the beam, such as the introduction of dedicated diagnostics for the single beamlets, and the identification of the beamlet current and optics.

Published
2021

25. sj-pdf-1-jcm-10.1177_00219983211020500 - Supplemental material for Digital volume correlation analysis of polylactic acid based fused filament fabrication printed composites

Author

Timpano, Cristofaro S and Melenka, Garrett W

Subjects
FOS: Materials engineering, 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified
Abstract

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jcm-10.1177_00219983211020500 for Digital volume correlation analysis of polylactic acid based fused filament fabrication printed composites by Cristofaro S Timpano and Garrett W Melenka in Journal of Composite Materials

Published
2021
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29. Standardized Brain MRI Acquisition Protocols Improve Statistical Power in Multicenter Quantitative Morphometry Studies

Author

George, A, Kuzniecky, R, Rusinek, H, Pardoe, HR, French, J, Lowenstein, D, Cristofaro, S, McKenna, K, Mays, V, Shack, D, Barnard, S, Burke, C, Hegde, M, Glauser, T, O'Brien, T, Pollard, J, Ting, T, Meador, K, Darby, D, Morrison, C, Penovich, P, Schembri, A, Kanner, A, Altilab, HH, Barry, J, Hesdorffer, D, Hope, O, Nadkarni, S, Sperling, M, Winawer, M, Dlugos, D, Beal, J, Boro, A, Herman, S, Singh, R, Halford, J, Thio, LL, Pardoe, H, Cascino, G, Glynn, S, Jackson, G, Knowlton, R, Gidal, B, Abou-Khalil, B, Alldredge, B, Faught, E, Ficker, D, Klein, P, Mintzer, S, Detyniecki, K, Haut, S, Hixson, J, Holmes, M, Kalviainen, R, Widdess-Walsh, P, Krishnamurthy, K, Park, K, Gelfand, M, Kang, J, Krauss, G, Cole, A, Atkinson, P, Trinka, E, Kirschner, M, Schmid, E, Somerville, E, Zentner, C, Laue-Gizzi, H, Rodriguez, A, Devinsky, O, Nadkarni, M, Cook, M, Berkovic, S, Bebin, M, Szaflarsk, J, Szabo, C, Burneo, J, Abou-Khalil, BW, Weisenberg, J, Altilab, H, George, A, Kuzniecky, R, Rusinek, H, Pardoe, HR, French, J, Lowenstein, D, Cristofaro, S, McKenna, K, Mays, V, Shack, D, Barnard, S, Burke, C, Hegde, M, Glauser, T, O'Brien, T, Pollard, J, Ting, T, Meador, K, Darby, D, Morrison, C, Penovich, P, Schembri, A, Kanner, A, Altilab, HH, Barry, J, Hesdorffer, D, Hope, O, Nadkarni, S, Sperling, M, Winawer, M, Dlugos, D, Beal, J, Boro, A, Herman, S, Singh, R, Halford, J, Thio, LL, Pardoe, H, Cascino, G, Glynn, S, Jackson, G, Knowlton, R, Gidal, B, Abou-Khalil, B, Alldredge, B, Faught, E, Ficker, D, Klein, P, Mintzer, S, Detyniecki, K, Haut, S, Hixson, J, Holmes, M, Kalviainen, R, Widdess-Walsh, P, Krishnamurthy, K, Park, K, Gelfand, M, Kang, J, Krauss, G, Cole, A, Atkinson, P, Trinka, E, Kirschner, M, Schmid, E, Somerville, E, Zentner, C, Laue-Gizzi, H, Rodriguez, A, Devinsky, O, Nadkarni, M, Cook, M, Berkovic, S, Bebin, M, Szaflarsk, J, Szabo, C, Burneo, J, Abou-Khalil, BW, Weisenberg, J, and Altilab, H

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In this study, we used power analysis to calculate required sample sizes to detect group-level changes in quantitative neuroanatomical estimates derived from MRI scans obtained from multiple imaging centers. Sample size estimates were derived from (i) standardized 3T image acquisition protocols and (ii) nonstandardized clinically acquired images obtained at both 1.5 and 3T as part of the multicenter Human Epilepsy Project. Sample size estimates were compared to assess the benefit of standardizing acquisition protocols. METHODS: Cortical thickness, hippocampal volume, and whole brain volume were estimated from whole brain T1-weighted MRI scans processed using Freesurfer v6.0. Sample sizes required to detect a range of effect sizes were calculated using (i) standard t-test based power analysis methods and (ii) a nonparametric bootstrap approach. RESULTS: A total of 32 participants were included in our analyses, aged 29.9 ± 12.62 years. Standard deviation estimates were lower for all quantitative neuroanatomical metrics when assessed using standardized protocols. Required sample sizes per group to detect a given effect size were markedly reduced when using standardized protocols, particularly for cortical thickness changes <.2 mm and hippocampal volume changes <10%. CONCLUSIONS: The use of standardized protocols yielded up to a five-fold reduction in required sample sizes to detect disease-related neuroanatomical changes, and is particularly beneficial for detecting subtle effects. Standardizing image acquisition protocols across scanners prior to commencing a study is a valuable approach to increase the statistical power of multicenter MRI studies.

Published
2020

33. First operation in SPIDER and the path to complete MITICA

Author

Serianni, G., primary, Toigo, V., additional, Bigi, M., additional, Boldrin, M., additional, Chitarin, G., additional, Dal Bello, S., additional, Grando, L., additional, Luchetta, A., additional, Marcuzzi, D., additional, Pasqualotto, R., additional, Pomaro, N., additional, Zaccaria, P., additional, Zanotto, L., additional, Agostinetti, P., additional, Agostini, M., additional, Antoni, V., additional, Aprile, D., additional, Barbisan, M., additional, Battistella, M., additional, Brombin, M., additional, Canton, A., additional, Cavazzana, R., additional, Dalla Palma, M., additional, Dan, M., additional, Delogu, R., additional, De Lorenzi, A., additional, De Muri, M., additional, Denizeau, S., additional, Fadone, M., additional, Fellin, F., additional, Ferro, A., additional, Gaio, E., additional, Gambetta, G., additional, Gasparini, F., additional, Gnesotto, F., additional, Jain, P., additional, Maistrello, A., additional, Manduchi, G., additional, Manfrin, S., additional, Marchiori, G., additional, Marconato, N., additional, Moresco, M., additional, Patton, T., additional, Pavei, M., additional, Peruzzo, S., additional, Pilan, N., additional, Pimazzoni, A., additional, Piovan, R., additional, Poggi, C., additional, Recchia, M., additional, Rigoni, A., additional, Rizzolo, A., additional, Rostagni, G., additional, Sartori, E., additional, Siragusa, M., additional, Sonato, P., additional, Spada, E., additional, Spagnolo, S., additional, Spolaore, M., additional, Taliercio, C., additional, Tinti, P., additional, Ugoletti, M., additional, Valente, M., additional, Zamengo, A., additional, Zaniol, B., additional, Zaupa, M., additional, Cavenago, M., additional, Boilson, D., additional, Rotti, C., additional, Veltri, P., additional, Chareyre, J., additional, Decamps, H., additional, Dremel, M., additional, Graceffa, J., additional, Geli, F., additional, Schunke, B., additional, Svensson, L., additional, Urbani, M., additional, Bonicelli, T., additional, Agarici, G., additional, Garbuglia, A., additional, Masiello, A., additional, Paolucci, F., additional, Simon, M., additional, Bailly-Maitre, L., additional, Bragulat, E., additional, Gomez, G., additional, Gutierrez, D., additional, Labate, C., additional, Mico, G., additional, Moreno, J. F., additional, Pilard, V., additional, Kouzmenko, G., additional, Rousseau, A., additional, Chakraborty, A., additional, Baruah, U., additional, Patel, H., additional, Singh, N. P., additional, Patel, A., additional, Dhola, H., additional, Raval, B., additional, Cristofaro, S., additional, Fantz, U., additional, Heinemann, B., additional, Kraus, W., additional, Kashiwagi, M., additional, and Tobari, H., additional

Published
2020
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37. Artificial seeding for micro-computed tomography image contrast enhancement for digital volume correlation

Author

Garrett W. Melenka and Cristofaro S. Timpano

Subjects
Materials science, Mechanical Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Epoxy, Image segmentation, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Microstructure, 01 natural sciences, Sample (graphics), Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, 0104 chemical sciences, Mechanics of Materials, visual_art, Ceramics and Composites, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Particle, Seeding, Tomography, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology, Biomedical engineering, Volume (compression)
Abstract

Digital volume correlation (DVC) can be implemented via micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) to resolve 3D strains. For proper correlation, microstructure detail is required. This study aims to provide a methodology for obtaining optimal DVC image datasets for composite materials by adding contrast particles to an epoxy resin. Image segmentation was utilized to ensure each particle met analysis DVC baselines. Particles with sizes of 10, 25, 50 and 200 μm were investigated. The 25 μm copper particles provided the greatest accuracy. These particles were embedded into an epoxy sample with a hole and subjected to uniaxial compression. Downsampled μ-CT and full-resolution datasets were compared to demonstrate processing strategies for DVC analysis.

Published
2021
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39. OntoBellini: Towards an RDA based ontology for Vincenzo Bellini's cultural heritage

Author

Cristofaro S. and Spampinato D.

Subjects
RDA, Vincenzo Bellini, Ontology, Cultural heritage, Museum
Abstract

The rich cultural heritage preserved in the Belliniano Civic Museum of Catania has been studied and promoted in the last years mainly thanks to the BellinInRete project. It includes collections of objects (or resources) of a very different nature: paintings, photos, pianos, autograph scores, manuscript leaves, books preserved in the Museum's library, etc. In order to make the Belliniano Museum's heritage interoperable and reusable by scholars and cultural operators, we propose to semantically organize it in a unique homogeneous container, the OntoBellini ontology, designed and developed according to the Linked Open Data and Semantic Web paradigms. The wide variety of the involved museum resources, not even fully digitalised and catalogued, led us to the idea of experimenting with the RDA (Resource Description and Access) standard for creating library and cultural heritage resource metadata. In this paper we describe the ongoing work towards the realization of the OntoBellini ontology.

Published
2019

41. Functional tests on SPIDER Cs Ovens: Oven 01 and Oven 02

Author

Barbisan M., Capobianco R., Cinetto P., Cristofaro S., De Muri M., Laterza B., Marcuzzi D., Rancan M., Ravarotto D., Rizzieri R., Rizzolo A., Rossetto F., Sartori E., Serianni G., and Taliercio C.

Subjects
Cs oven R&D, Neutral Beam Test Facility, NBTF, F4E RFX, SPIDER
Abstract

At the end of January2019 the procurement of the three SPIDER Cs ovens (series production -Batch B) was completed and the ovens were delivered to PRIMA site.TwoSPIDER Cs ovens (Oven 01 and Oven 02) were tested on CAesium Test Stand (CATS).This document concernsthedescription of the functional test carried out on these twoovens and the experimental resultsand represent the deliverable T5.9 -P1.1 Report of tests on Cs ovensof the Work Programme 2019.Moreover, analyses on Cs residual after functional tests are also reported in this document and represent the deliverable T5.4/P1.2 -ICMATE-CNR Activity report on caesium chemistry investigations.

Published
2019

42. Quantitative analysis of phenotypic elements augments traditional electroclinical classification of common familial epilepsies

Author

Abou-Khalil, B, Afawi, Z, Allen, AS, Bautista, JF, Bellows, ST, Berkovic, SF, Bluvstein, J, Burgess, R, Cascino, G, Cossette, P, Cristofaro, S, Crompton, DE, Delanty, N, Devinsky, O, Dlugos, D, Ellis, CA, Epstein, MP, Fountain, NB, Freyer, C, Geller, EB, Glauser, T, Glynn, S, Goldberg-Stern, H, Goldstein, DB, Gravel, M, Haas, K, Haut, S, Heinzen, EL, Kirsch, HE, Kivity, S, Knowlton, R, Korczyn, AD, Kossoff, E, Kuzniecky, R, Loeb, R, Lowenstein, DH, Marson, AG, McCormack, M, McKenna, K, Mefford, HC, Motika, P, Mullen, SA, O'Brien, TJ, Ottman, R, Paolicchi, J, Parent, JM, Paterson, S, Petrou, S, Petrovski, S, Pickrell, WO, Poduri, A, Rees, MI, Sadleir, LG, Scheffer, IE, Shih, J, Singh, R, Sirven, J, Smith, M, Smith, PEM, Thio, LL, Thomas, RH, Venkat, A, Vining, E, Von Allmen, G, Weisenberg, J, Widdess-Walsh, P, Winawer, MR, Abou-Khalil, B, Afawi, Z, Allen, AS, Bautista, JF, Bellows, ST, Berkovic, SF, Bluvstein, J, Burgess, R, Cascino, G, Cossette, P, Cristofaro, S, Crompton, DE, Delanty, N, Devinsky, O, Dlugos, D, Ellis, CA, Epstein, MP, Fountain, NB, Freyer, C, Geller, EB, Glauser, T, Glynn, S, Goldberg-Stern, H, Goldstein, DB, Gravel, M, Haas, K, Haut, S, Heinzen, EL, Kirsch, HE, Kivity, S, Knowlton, R, Korczyn, AD, Kossoff, E, Kuzniecky, R, Loeb, R, Lowenstein, DH, Marson, AG, McCormack, M, McKenna, K, Mefford, HC, Motika, P, Mullen, SA, O'Brien, TJ, Ottman, R, Paolicchi, J, Parent, JM, Paterson, S, Petrou, S, Petrovski, S, Pickrell, WO, Poduri, A, Rees, MI, Sadleir, LG, Scheffer, IE, Shih, J, Singh, R, Sirven, J, Smith, M, Smith, PEM, Thio, LL, Thomas, RH, Venkat, A, Vining, E, Von Allmen, G, Weisenberg, J, Widdess-Walsh, P, and Winawer, MR

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Classification of epilepsy into types and subtypes is important for both clinical care and research into underlying disease mechanisms. A quantitative, data-driven approach may augment traditional electroclinical classification and shed new light on existing classification frameworks. METHODS: We used latent class analysis, a statistical method that assigns subjects into groups called latent classes based on phenotypic elements, to classify individuals with common familial epilepsies from the Epi4K Multiplex Families study. Phenotypic elements included seizure types, seizure symptoms, and other elements of the medical history. We compared class assignments to traditional electroclinical classifications and assessed familial aggregation of latent classes. RESULTS: A total of 1120 subjects with epilepsy were assigned to five latent classes. Classes 1 and 2 contained subjects with generalized epilepsy, largely reflecting the distinction between absence epilepsies and younger onset (class 1) versus myoclonic epilepsies and older onset (class 2). Classes 3 and 4 contained subjects with focal epilepsies, and in contrast to classes 1 and 2, these did not adhere as closely to clinically defined focal epilepsy subtypes. Class 5 contained nearly all subjects with febrile seizures plus or unknown epilepsy type, as well as a few subjects with generalized epilepsy and a few with focal epilepsy. Family concordance of latent classes was similar to or greater than concordance of clinically defined epilepsy types. SIGNIFICANCE: Quantitative classification of epilepsy has the potential to augment traditional electroclinical classification by (1) combining some syndromes into a single class, (2) splitting some syndromes into different classes, (3) helping to classify subjects who could not be classified clinically, and (4) defining the boundaries of clinically defined classifications. This approach can guide future research, including molecular genetic studies, by identifyi

Published
2019

43. Laser absorption spectroscopy studies to characterize Cs oven performances for the negative ion source SPIDER

Author

Barbisan, M, Cristofaro, S, Zampieri, L, Pasqualotto, R, Rizzolo, A, Barbisan, M, Cristofaro, S, Zampieri, L, Pasqualotto, R, and Rizzolo, A

Abstract

The SPIDER H-/D- ion source is currently in operation in the Neutral Beam Test facility (NBTF) at Consorzio RFX (Padova, Italy) to prove the possibility of generating up to 40 A of negative ions, with a maximum extracted current density of 350 A/m2 (H)/285 A/m2 (D) and a fraction of co-extracted electrons not greater than 0.5 (H)/1 (D). These performances are required for the realization of the ITER Neutral Beam Injector (NBI), which should deliver 16.7 MW to the plasma by means of negative ions accelerated up to 1 MeV and neutralized before being injected into the ITER tokamak. In order to obtain such high extracted current densities and low co-extracted electron fractions it is necessary to lower the work function of the surface of the acceleration system grid facing the source; this will be accomplished by coating the surfaces with Cs, routinely evaporated by three ovens. The functionality of the ovens has been tested at the CAesium oven Test Stand (CATS), hosted at NBTF. The test stand is equipped with several diagnostics, among which a Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (LAS) diagnostic. Using a tunable laser diode, the LAS diagnostic gets the high resolution absorption spectrum of the Cs 852 nm D2 line along a line of sight to measure Cs density at ground state. The paper describes the test stand and the LAS diagnostic, together with the characterization of the ovens to be installed in SPIDER. The paper will also study the systematic density underestimation effect caused by Cs ground state depopulation, as a function of laser intensity and of Cs density, in the perspective of correcting the density evaluation.

Published
2019

44. Characterization of open-cellular polymeric foams using micro-computed tomography

Author

Cristofaro S. Timpano, Hossein Abdoli, Siu N. Leung, and Garrett W. Melenka

Subjects
Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Scanning electron microscope, Micro computed tomography, Organic Chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Polyvinylidene fluoride, 0104 chemical sciences, Characterization (materials science), chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Materials Chemistry, Tomography, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology, Triboelectric effect
Abstract

Utilization of Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) open-cellular foam allows for the creation of high-efficiency Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG). The micro-structure of TENG devices can be problematic to characterize accurately using conventional methods like scanning electron microscope (SEM). This work aims to provide a methodology in which representative 3D measurements can be made on open-cellular PVDF foams. Open-cell PVDF foams were produced through a salt-leeching procedure. Analysis of the PVDF foams was done by imaging the sample through a desktop micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) machine to allow for a full 3D dataset to be obtained. Foams were produced with salt sizes of 250–500 μm, 106–250 μm, 53–106 μm, and

Published
2020
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46. Is seizure frequency variance a predictable quantity?

Author

Goldenholz, DM, Goldenholz, SR, Moss, R, French, J, Lowenstein, D, Kuzniecky, R, Haut, S, Cristofaro, S, Detyniecki, K, Hixson, J, Karoly, P, Cook, M, Strashny, A, Theodore, WH, Goldenholz, DM, Goldenholz, SR, Moss, R, French, J, Lowenstein, D, Kuzniecky, R, Haut, S, Cristofaro, S, Detyniecki, K, Hixson, J, Karoly, P, Cook, M, Strashny, A, and Theodore, WH

Abstract

BACKGROUND: There is currently no formal method for predicting the range expected in an individual's seizure counts. Having access to such a prediction would be of benefit for developing more efficient clinical trials, but also for improving clinical care in the outpatient setting. METHODS: Using three independently collected patient diary datasets, we explored the predictability of seizure frequency. Three independent seizure diary databases were explored: SeizureTracker (n = 3016), Human Epilepsy Project (n = 93), and NeuroVista (n = 15). First, the relationship between mean and standard deviation in seizure frequency was assessed. Using that relationship, a prediction for the range of possible seizure frequencies was compared with a traditional prediction scheme commonly used in clinical trials. A validation dataset was obtained from a separate data export of SeizureTracker to further verify the predictions. RESULTS: A consistent mathematical relationship was observed across datasets. The logarithm of the average seizure count was linearly related to the logarithm of the standard deviation with a high correlation (R2 > 0.83). The three datasets showed high predictive accuracy for this log-log relationship of 94%, compared with a predictive accuracy of 77% for a traditional prediction scheme. The independent validation set showed that the log-log predicted 94% of the correct ranges while the RR50 predicted 77%. CONCLUSION: Reliably predicting seizure frequency variability is straightforward based on knowledge of mean seizure frequency, across several datasets. With further study, this may help to increase the power of RCTs, and guide clinical practice.

Published
2018

47. Il vulcanismo effusivo acido del Monte Amiata: stima delle condizioni pre- e sin-eruttive ed implicazioni vulcanologiche

Author

Giordano D.[1, La Felice S.[2], Arzilli F.[3], De Cristofaro S.[1], Polo L.[4], and Masotta M. [5]

Subjects
volcanology and magmatic rocks, viscosity, rheology, geothermometers, lava flow, Mt. Amiata
Abstract

Monte Amiata is a volcano characterized by acidic effusive products, emitted between 304 - 230 ka. The peculiar textural and petrographic features together with the uncommon length of the lava flows erupted at Monte Amiata have stimulated our interest and raised the following questions: "What were the temperatures and viscosities which brought to the eruption of those extraordinarily crystal-rich magmas and to the emplacement of those up to 8 km long and on average 30 m thick lava flows and exogenous lava domes at Monte Amiata?" In order to answer these questions, we, firstly, estimated, by the use of the most recent geo-thermometric tools, the temperatures representative of the storage, ascent, and emplacement of the magmatic and volcanic mixtures. Later, we used the obtained temperature values to estimate the crystalbearing viscosity of the volcanic mixtures governing the emplacement of lava flows at Monte Amiata. Our results revealed that responsible of the emplacement of the above-mentioned lavas was, likely, a combination of the anomalously high eruptive temperature and the large volume of the erupted products. These conditions favoured the maintaining of the emplacement temperature well above the limit temperature for viscous flow, i.e. the glass transition, for a time long enough (e.g. years) to allow, also at their relatively high viscosities, to flow the observed lengths.Monte Amiata is a volcano characterized by acidic effusive products, emitted between 304 - 230 ka. The peculiar textural and petrographic features together with the uncommon length of the lava flows erupted at Monte Amiata have stimulated our interest and raised the following questions: "What were the temperatures and viscosities which brought to the eruption of those extraordinarily crystal-rich magmas and to the emplacement of those up to 8 km long and on average 30 m thick lava flows and exogenous lava domes at Monte Amiata?" In order to answer these questions, we, firstly, estimated, by the use of the most recent geo-thermometric tools, the temperatures representative of the storage, ascent, and emplacement of the magmatic and volcanic mixtures. Later, we used the obtained temperature values to estimate the crystalbearing viscosity of the volcanic mixtures governing the emplacement of lava flows at Monte Amiata. Our results revealed that responsible of the emplacement of the above-mentioned lavas was, likely, a combination of the anomalously high eruptive temperature and the large volume of the erupted products. These conditions favoured the maintaining of the emplacement temperature well above the limit temperature for viscous flow, i.e. the glass transition, for a time long enough (e.g. years) to allow, also at their relatively high viscosities, to flow the observed lengths.

Published
2017

50. BATMAN beam properties characterization by the beam emission spectroscopy diagnostic

Author

Bonomo F., Ruf B., Barbisan M., Cristofaro S., Schiesko L., Fantz U., Franzen P., Pasqualotto R., Riedl R., Serianni G., Wuenderlich D., NNBI-Team, and NNBI Team, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Max Planck Society

Subjects
Beam diameter, Design, business.industry, Chemistry, Beam parameter product, Ion, Optics, Beamline, Test Facility, Physics::Accelerator Physics, M squared, Laser beam quality, Emission spectrum, Atomic physics, business, Beam divergence
Abstract

The ITER neutral beam heating systems are based on the production and acceleration of negative ions (H/D) up to 1 MV. The requirements for the beam properties are strict: a low core beam divergence (< 0.4 degrees) together with a low source pressure (

Published
2015

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