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85 results on '"Croce, M. P."'

1. Decay Energy Spectrometry for Improved Nuclear Material Analysis at the IAEA NML

Author

Kim, G. B., Kavner, A. R. L., Parsons-Davis, T., Friedrich, S., Drury, O. B., Lee, D., Zhang, X., Hines, N., Boyd, S. T. P., Weidenbenner, S., Schreiber, K., Martinson, S., Smith, C., McNeel, D., Salazar, S., Koehler, K., Carpenter, M., Croce, M., Schmidt, D., and Ullom, J.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Decay energy spectrometry (DES) is a novel radiometric technique for high-precision analysis of nuclear materials. DES employs the unique thermal detection physics of cryogenic microcalorimeters with ultra-high energy resolution and 100$\%$ detection efficiency to accomplish high precision decay energy measurements. Low-activity nuclear samples of 1 Bq or less, and without chemical separation, are used to provide elemental and isotopic compositions in a single measurement. Isotopic ratio precisions of 1 ppm - 1,000 ppm (isotope dependent), which is close to that of the mass spectrometry, have been demonstrated in 12-hour DES measurements of ~5 Bq samples of certified reference materials of uranium (U) and plutonium (Pu). DES has very different systematic biases and uncertainties, as well as different sensitivities to nuclides, compared to mass-spectrometry techniques. Therefore, the accuracy and confidence of nuclear material assays can be improved by combining this new technique with existing mass-spectrometry techniques. Commercial-level DES techniques and equipment are being developed for the implementation of DES at the Nuclear Material Laboratory (NML) of International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to provide complementary measurements to the existing technologies. The paper describes details of DES measurement methods, as well as DES precision and accuracy to U and Pu standard sources to discuss its capability in analysis of nuclear safeguards samples., Comment: This was submitted to 2022 IAEA symposium on nuclear safeguards (https://www.iaea.org/events/sg-2022), and posted at https://media.superevent.com/documents/20221027/668fdac0ee8d895ec6bcf293b1c42e6a/id-145.pdf

Published
2024

5. Gamma and Decay Energy Spectroscopy Measurements of Trinitite

Author

Mercer, D. J., Koehler, K. E., Croce, M. P., Hoover, A. S., Hypes, P. A., Kozimor, S. A., Mocko, V., and Saey, P. R. J.

Subjects
Physics - History and Philosophy of Physics, Physics - Physics and Society
Abstract

We report gamma ray spectroscopy measurements of trinitite samples and analogous samples obtained from detonation sites in Nevada and Semipalatinsk, as well as in situ measurements of topsoil at the Trinity site. We also report the first isotopic composition measurements of trinitite using the novel forensics technique of decay energy spectroscopy (DES) as a complement to traditional forensics techniques. Our measurements are compared to other published results.

Published
2021

6. Development of holmium-163 electron-capture spectroscopy with transition-edge sensors

Author

Croce, M. P., Rabin, M. W., Mocko, V., Kunde, G. J., Birnbaum, E. R., Bond, E. M., Engle, J. W., Hoover, A. S., Nortier, F. M., Pollington, A. D., Taylor, W. A., Weisse-Bernstein, N. R., Wolfsberg, L. E., Hays-Wehle, J. P., Schmidt, D. R., Swetz, D. S., Ullom, J. N., Barnhart, T. E., and Nickles, R. J.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Calorimetric decay energy spectroscopy of electron-capture-decaying isotopes is a promising method to achieve the sensitivity required for electron neutrino mass measurement. The very low total nuclear decay energy (QEC < 3 keV) and short half-life (4570 y) of 163Ho make it attractive for high-precision electron capture spectroscopy (ECS) near the kinematic endpoint, where the neutrino momentum goes to zero. In the ECS approach, an electron-capture-decaying isotope is embedded inside a microcalorimeter designed to capture and measure the energy of all the decay radiation except that of the escaping neutrino. We have developed a complete process for proton-irradiation-based isotope production, isolation, and purification of 163Ho. We have developed transition-edge sensors for this measurement and methods for incorporating 163Ho into high-resolution microcalorimeters, and have measured the electron-capture spectrum of 163Ho. We present our work in these areas and discuss the measured spectrum and its comparison to current theory., Comment: Updated with corrected notation for atomic states

Published
2015
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7. Hyperspectral X-ray Imaging with TES Detectors for Nanoscale Chemical Speciation Mapping

Author

Carpenter, M. H., Croce, M. P., Baker, Z. K., Batista, E. R., Caffrey, M. P., Fontes, C. J., Koehler, K. E., Kossmann, S. E., McIntosh, K. G., Rabin, M. W., Renck, B. W., Wagner, G. L., Wilkerson, M. P., Yang, P., Yoho, M. D., Ullom, J. N., Bennett, D. A., O’Neil, G. C., Reintsema, C. D., Schmidt, D. R., Hilton, G. C., Swetz, D. S., Becker, D. T., Gard, J. D., Imrek, J., Mates, J. A. B., Morgan, K. M., Yan, D., Wessels, A. L., Cantor, R. H., Hall, J. A., and Carver, D. T.

Published
2020
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22. Fatal acute lung injury after balloon valvuloplasty in a dog with pulmonary stenosis.

Author

Vezzosi, T., Domenech, O., Croce, M., Pesaresi, M., Auriemma, E., Romano, F., Rondelli, V., and Tursi, M.

Abstract

A one-year-old French Bulldog was referred for the management of a severe form of pulmonary valve stenosis (PS) complicated by right-sided congestive heart failure. Echocardiography showed severe valvular PS with right ventricular concentric hypertrophy, dilatation and severe right atrial enlargement. A pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty (PBV) was performed with a balloon-to-pulmonary annulus ratio of 1.36. Echocardiography immediately after PBV showed a significant reduction in right atrial and ventricular size, improved opening and mobility of the pulmonary valve leaflets, and a 75% reduction in the pulmonary pressure gradient from 158 mmHg pre-operative to 40 mmHg post-operative. The dog recovered well from anesthesia, but 2 h later, it suddenly showed severe respiratory distress. Focus cardiac ultrasound showed increased left cardiac size with echocardiographic signs of high left ventricular filling pressure. Bedside lung ultrasound showed diffuse numerous-to-confluent B lines, compatible with a severe alveolar-interstitial syndrome. The dog was treated with furosemide, helmet continuous positive airway pressure, and then mechanical ventilation but without success. At post-mortem evaluation, histological examination of the lung showed diffuse, severe broncho-alveolar edema with mixed leukocyte, fibrin, and red blood cell infiltrate. Moreover, severe congestion and multifocal alveolar hemorrhages were evident. All findings were compatible with fatal acute lung injury after PBV secondary to pulmonary reperfusion-ischemia injury and increased pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure. Based on the present case, acute lung injury should be considered as a rare but serious complication of PBV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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27. Recursive allocations and wealth distribution with multiple goods: Existence, survivorship, and dynamics

Author

Colacito, R., Croce, M. M., and Liu, Zhao

Abstract

We characterize the equilibrium of a complete markets economy with multiple agents featuring a preference for the timing of the resolution of uncertainty. Utilities are defined over an aggregate of two goods. We provide conditions under which the solution of the planner's problem exists, and it features a nondegenerate invariant distribution of Pareto weights. We also show that perturbation methods replicate the salient features of our recursive risk‐sharing scheme, provided that higher‐order terms are included.

Published
2019
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28. Bestimmung des Kohlenstoffes mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Produkte der Eisenhüttenindtistrie

Author

Cain, J. R., Cleaves, H. E., Burgess, G. K., Waltenberg, R. G., Maxwell, L. C., Blount, B., Piva, A., Salvadeo, U., Hibbard, P. L., Batta, G., Thyssen, H., Corleis, E., Bauer, O., Deiß, E., Cardelús, M., Yensen, T. D., Ostwald, W., Luther, R., Ziegler, N. A., Rottmann, C. J., Travers, A., Musatti, I., Croce, M., Strickland, D. M., Tweedie, T. C., Kropf, A., Stetser, J. B., Breisch, K., Chalupny, K., van Royen, H. R., Norton, R. H., Hillebrand, W. F., Lundell, G. E. F., Rogers, L. J., Kelley, G. L., Evers, E. W., Buck, J. S., Mackenzie, J. T., Fleming, W. B., Congdon, L. A., Brown, Fr. J., Friedel, R. K., Chemikerfachausschuss der Gesellschaft Deutscher Metallhütten-, and Bergleute. Arbeitsausschuss des Chemikerausschusses des Vereins Deutscher Eisenhüttenleute

Published
1931
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33. $Q$ Spectroscopy With Superconducting Sensor Microcalorimeters

Author

Koehler, K. E., primary, Bennett, D. A., additional, Bond, E. M., additional, Croce, M. P., additional, Dry, D. E., additional, Horansky, R. D., additional, Kotsubo, V., additional, Moody, W. A., additional, Rabin, M. W., additional, Schmidt, D. R., additional, Ullom, J. N., additional, and Vale, L. R., additional

Published
2013
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34. Superconducting Transition-Edge Sensor Microcalorimeters for Ultra-High Resolution Alpha-Particle Spectrometry

Author

Croce, M. P., primary, Bacrania, M. K., additional, Bond, E. M., additional, Dry, D. E., additional, Klingensmith, A. L., additional, Moody, W. A., additional, LaMont, S. P., additional, Rabin, M. W., additional, Rim, J. H., additional, Beall, J. A., additional, Bennett, D. A., additional, Kotsubo, V., additional, Horansky, R. D., additional, Hilton, G. C., additional, Schmidt, D., additional, Ullom, J. N., additional, and Cantor, R., additional

Published
2011
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35. Cryogenic Microcalorimeter System for Ultra-High Resolution Alpha-Particle Spectrometry

Author

Croce, M. P., primary, Bacrania, M. K., additional, Hoover, A. S., additional, Rabin, M. W., additional, Hoteling, N. J., additional, LaMont, S. P., additional, Plionis, A. A., additional, Dry, D. E., additional, Ullom, J. N., additional, Bennett, D. A., additional, Horansky, R. D., additional, Kotsubo, V., additional, Cantor, R., additional, Young, Betty, additional, Cabrera, Blas, additional, and Miller, Aaron, additional

Published
2009
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36. Ultra-High-Resolution Alpha Spectrometry for Nuclear Forensics and Safeguards Applications.

Author

Bacrania, M. K., Croce, M. P., Bond, E. M., Dry, D. E., Moody, W. A., LaMont, S. P., Rabin, M. W., Rim, J. H., Smith, A. A., Beall, J. A., Bennett, D. A., Hilton, G. C., Horansky, R. D., Kotsubo, V., Ullom, J. N., and Cantor, R.

Subjects
DETECTORS, SPECTROMETRY, ALPHA rays, CALORIMETERS, ACTINIDE elements, RADIOACTIVE source strength
Abstract

We will present our work on the development of ultra-high-resolution detectors for alpha particle spectrometry. These detectors, based on superconducting transition-edge sensors, offer energy resolution that is five to ten times better than conventional silicon detectors. Using these microcalorimeter detectors, the isotopic composition of mixed-actinide samples can be determined rapidly without the need for actinide separation chemistry to isolate each element, or mass spectrometry to separate isotopic signatures that can not be resolved using traditional alpha spectrometry (e.g. Pu-239/Pu-240, or Pu-238/Am-241). This paper will cover the detector and measurement system, actinide source preparation, and the quantitative isotopic analysis of a number of forensics- and safeguards-relevant radioactive sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010

37. Cryogenic Microcalorimeter System for Ultra-High Resolution Alpha-Particle Spectrometry.

Author

Croce, M. P., Bacrania, M. K., Hoover, A. S., Rabin, M. W., Hoteling, N. J., LaMont, S. P., Plionis, A. A., Dry, D. E., Ullom, J. N., Bennett, D. A., Horansky, R. D., Kotsubo, V., and Cantor, R.

Subjects
*CALORIMETERS, *ALPHA ray spectrometry, *DETECTORS, *LIQUID nitrogen, *CRYOSTATS
Abstract

Microcalorimeters have been shown to yield unsurpassed energy resolution for alpha spectrometry, up to 1.06 keV FWHM at 5.3 MeV. These detectors use a superconducting transition-edge sensor (TES) to measure the temperature change in an absorber from energy deposited by an interacting alpha particle. Our system has four independent detectors mounted inside a liquid nitrogen/liquid helium cryostat. An adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (ADR) cools the detector stage to its operating temperature of 80 mK. Temperature regulation with ∼15-μK peak-to-peak variation is achieved by PID control of the ADR. The detectors are voltage-biased, and the current signal is amplified by a commercial SQUID readout system and digitized for further analysis. This paper will discuss design and operation of our microcalorimeter alpha-particle spectrometer, and will show recent results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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38. Q Spectroscopy With Superconducting Sensor Microcalorimeters.

Author

Koehler, K. E., Bennett, D. A., Bond, E. M., Croce, M. P., Dry, D. E., Horansky, R. D., Kotsubo, V., Moody, W. A., Rabin, M. W., Schmidt, D. R., Ullom, J. N., and Vale, L. R.

Subjects
BOLOMETERS, CRYOGENICS, NUCLEAR counters, SPECTRUM analysis, SUPERCONDUCTING semiconductors
Abstract

The total reaction energy (Q) of individual nuclear decays was measured using microcalorimeters with transition-edge-sensor (TES) thermometers. For alpha-decaying actinides (e.g., U-235, Pu-239, Np-237, Am-241), Q is in the 4–6 MeV range. Nearly all of this energy goes into the relatively light alpha particle, and approximately 100 keV is left over for the much heavier, recoiling daughter atom. Alpha-particle energy spectroscopy with TES-microcalorimeters has shown the ability to simultaneously resolve peaks that overlap in conventional alpha spectroscopy, with resolution now less than 1 keV full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) at 5.3 MeV. For total reaction energy spectroscopy, we use the same TES design as our alpha detectors, but embed a small radioactive sample (of about 1 Bq) directly inside an absorber designed to capture all the emitted particles (alpha, recoil nucleus, electrons, X-rays) with near 100% efficiency. We have measured Q-spectra of alpha-decaying isotopes with spectral resolution of 2–3 keV FWHM. For some actinide analytical problems, the Q-spectrum is simpler than the alpha-spectrum: fewer peaks, further apart, and easier to quantify. We will discuss sensor design, methods for embedding radionuclides, and spectral data. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2013
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39. Design of the Seismic Upgrading of the Tambour of the S. Nicolò’s Church in Catania with the DIS-CAM System

Author

Di Croce, M., Ponzo, Felice C., and Dolce, Mauro

Abstract

The high seismic vulnerability of several monumental masonry buildings can be ascribed to the low strength of the materials employed, to the presence of wide openings and slender panels and to the high stress due to both vertical and horizontal seismic forces. A new upgrading system, named DIS-CAM (DISsipative Active Confinement of Masonry) was proposed to design the seismic upgrading of the tambour of the dome of the S. Nicolò’s church in Catania (Italy). The technique, that can be considered reversible and a not invasive, is based on a rocking-damper system, in which the rocking and the re-centring capacity are provided by the behaviour of masonry panels, while the dissipation capacity is mainly relied upon hysteretic elements stressed in flexure beyond their elastic limit. In this paper, the design of the scaled model’s seismic upgrading is presented and the main outcomes of preliminary numerical analyses carried out on the tambour, without any reinforcement and retrofitted with the DIS-CAM system, are discussed.

Published
2010
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45. Identification of Myelin Basic Proteins in Circulating Immune Complexes Associated with Lepromatous Leprosy

Author

Córsico, B., Croce, M. V., Mukherjee, R., and Segal-Eiras, A.

Abstract

Circulating immune complexes (CIC) were first measured in lepromatous patients (LL) by the 125I-C1q binding assay and the polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation test. High levels were found by both methods (95 and 90% of positives, respectively). LL-CIC were investigated for the presence of neural antigens. CIC were precipitated in 3.5% PEG, filtered through protein A-Sepharose affinity chromatography, eluted with glycine-HCI, pH 2.8, and washed with PBS; fractions after CIC dissociation were studied by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. The LL-CIC PEG precipitates and the glycine-HCI eluates were positive in 76 and 71% respectively against anti-myelin basic proteins (MBP) monoclonal antibody, showing a single band at 15-25 kDa similar to the one obtained incubating MBP with anti-MBP. No reaction was detected with CIC-PBS fractions; strips were incubated with other anti-neural antibodies such as anti-glial fibrillary acidic proteins, anti-S-100, and anti-neuarofilaments, without any reactivity. Our results demonstrate that LL-CIC contain MBP as an antigen; its significance could be related to the pathogenesis of leprosy since the liberation of MBP after Mycobacterium leprae nerve damage may elicit anti-MBP autoantibodies to myelin breakdown, which reacts with peripheral nerve MBP inducing CIC formation. This mechanism may be important in demyelination and destruction of nerve in leprosy. Copyright 1994, 1999 Academic Press

Published
1994
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