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The design of seabed installations and pipelines on the Grand Banks is influenced by the presence of icebergs. Particularly for those installations placed below the mudline, scouring icebergs are of concern. In the present study, data from the Grand Banks Scour Catalogue (GBSC) including a recent update from wellsite surveys were summarized for the northeastern portion of the Grand Banks. Scour frequency was determined from the historical presence of icebergs, drift speeds and iceberg draft data, and was compared with frequency estimates derived from the observed density of scour marks on the seabed and the likely maximum age of these marks (2500 years). The probability of iceberg contact with installations below the mud-line was determined from the dimensions of the scour marks (from the GBSC) and their frequency. In addition, iceberg scour mechanisms were investigated through a comprehensive probabilistic model of the process, incorporating iceberg hydrostatic characteristics and seabed reaction forces., 16th International Conference on Port and Ocean Engineering under Arctic Conditions (POAC'01), August 12-17, 2001, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

The use of physical modelling in a centrifuge as a means of simulating ice-structure interactions is a potential complement to large-basin modelling and on-site testing. The feasibility of this simulation depends on the influence that gravity naturally exerts on both the growth of the ice and the mechanisms involved in its failure upon loading. This paper evaluates the effect of high inertial acceleration on the flexural strength of freshwater columnar ice. The results suggest that inertial acceleration does not affect the flexural strength of the ice under the conditions investigated., 16th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, 13-17 April 1997, Yokohama, Japan

This paper describes the development, operation and performance of a digital acoustic profiler for ice rubble. Designed for an indoor ice basin, the device is an upward looking underwater profiler which uses a swept frequency or 'chirp' waveform to provide high resolution measurements of the underside of ice rubble., 8th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, 24-29 May 1998, Montreal, Canada