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379 results on '"Crockford, Catherine"'

2. Chaos and COSMOS -- Considerations on QSM methods with multiple and single orientations and effects from local anisotropy

Author

Gkotsoulias, Dimitrios G., Jäger, Carsten, Müller, Roland, Gräßle, Tobias, Olofsson, Karin M., Møller, Torsten, Unwin, Steve, Crockford, Catherine, Wittig, Roman M., Bilgic, Berkin, and Möller, Harald E.

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing
Abstract

Purpose: Field-to-susceptibility inversion in quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is ill-posed and needs numerical stabilization through either regularization or oversampling by acquiring data at three or more object orientations. Calculation Of Susceptibility through Multiple Orientations Sampling (COSMOS) is an established oversampling approach and regarded as QSM gold standard. It achieves a well-conditioned inverse problem, requiring rotations by 0{\deg}, 60{\deg} and 120{\deg} in the yz-plane. However, this is impractical in vivo, where head rotations are typically restricted to a range of +-25{\deg}. Non-ideal sampling degrades the conditioning with residual streaking artifacts whose mitigation needs further regularization. Moreover, susceptibility anisotropy in white matter is not considered in the COSMOS model, which may introduce additional bias. The current work presents a thorough investigation of these effects in primate brain. Methods: Gradient-recalled echo (GRE) data of an entire fixed chimpanzee brain were acquired at 7 T (350 microns resolution, 10 orientations) including ideal COSMOS sampling and realistic rotations in vivo. Comparisons of the results included ideal COSMOS, in-vivo feasible acquisitions with 3-8 orientations and single-orientation iLSQR QSM. Results: In-vivo feasible and optimal COSMOS yielded high-quality susceptibility maps with increased SNR resulting from averaging multiple acquisitions. COSMOS reconstructions from non-ideal rotations about a single axis required additional L2-regularization to mitigate residual streaking artifacts. Conclusion: In view of unconsidered anisotropy effects, added complexity of the reconstruction, and the general challenge of multi-orientation acquisitions, advantages of sub-optimal COSMOS schemes over regularized single-orientation QSM appear limited in in-vivo settings., Comment: Text: 2593 words (without legends, references and statements) Abstract: 239 words References: 33 Figures: 4 Tables: 1

Published
2023

4. Shared community effects and the non-genetic maternal environment shape cortisol levels in wild chimpanzees

Author

Tkaczynski, Patrick J., Mafessoni, Fabrizio, Girard-Buttoz, Cédric, Samuni, Liran, Ackermann, Corinne Y., Fedurek, Pawel, Gomes, Cristina, Hobaiter, Catherine, Löhrich, Therese, Manin, Virgile, Preis, Anna, Valé, Prince D., Wessling, Erin G., Wittiger, Livia, Zommers, Zinta, Zuberbuehler, Klaus, Vigilant, Linda, Deschner, Tobias, Wittig, Roman M., and Crockford, Catherine

Published
2023
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8. The long lives of primates and the 'invariant rate of ageing' hypothesis.

Author

Colchero, Fernando, Aburto, José Manuel, Archie, Elizabeth A, Boesch, Christophe, Breuer, Thomas, Campos, Fernando A, Collins, Anthony, Conde, Dalia A, Cords, Marina, Crockford, Catherine, Thompson, Melissa Emery, Fedigan, Linda M, Fichtel, Claudia, Groenenberg, Milou, Hobaiter, Catherine, Kappeler, Peter M, Lawler, Richard R, Lewis, Rebecca J, Machanda, Zarin P, Manguette, Marie L, Muller, Martin N, Packer, Craig, Parnell, Richard J, Perry, Susan, Pusey, Anne E, Robbins, Martha M, Seyfarth, Robert M, Silk, Joan B, Staerk, Johanna, Stoinski, Tara S, Stokes, Emma J, Strier, Karen B, Strum, Shirley C, Tung, Jenny, Villavicencio, Francisco, Wittig, Roman M, Wrangham, Richard W, Zuberbühler, Klaus, Vaupel, James W, and Alberts, Susan C

Subjects
Animals, Primates, Humans, Life Expectancy, Mortality, Models, Statistical, Age Factors, Aging, Longevity, Female, Male, 1.2 Psychological and socioeconomic processes, Underpinning research, Generic health relevance, Good Health and Well Being
Abstract

Is it possible to slow the rate of ageing, or do biological constraints limit its plasticity? We test the 'invariant rate of ageing' hypothesis, which posits that the rate of ageing is relatively fixed within species, with a collection of 39 human and nonhuman primate datasets across seven genera. We first recapitulate, in nonhuman primates, the highly regular relationship between life expectancy and lifespan equality seen in humans. We next demonstrate that variation in the rate of ageing within genera is orders of magnitude smaller than variation in pre-adult and age-independent mortality. Finally, we demonstrate that changes in the rate of ageing, but not other mortality parameters, produce striking, species-atypical changes in mortality patterns. Our results support the invariant rate of ageing hypothesis, implying biological constraints on how much the human rate of ageing can be slowed.

Published
2021

9. Patterns and consequences of age-linked change in local relatedness in animal societies

Author

Ellis, Samuel, Johnstone, Rufus A., Cant, Michael A., Franks, Daniel W., Weiss, Michael N., Alberts, Susan C., Balcomb, Kenneth C., Benton, Claire H., Brent, Lauren J. N., Crockford, Catherine, Davidian, Eve, Delahay, Richard J., Ellifrit, David K., Höner, Oliver P., Meniri, Magali, McDonald, Robbie A., Nichols, Hazel J., Thompson, Faye J., Vigilant, Linda, Wittig, Roman M., and Croft, Darren P.

Published
2022
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19. A Severe Lack of Evidence Limits Effective Conservation of the World’s Primates

Author

JUNKER, JESSICA, PETROVAN, SILVIU O., ARROYO-RODRÍGUEZ, VICTOR, BOONRATANA, RAMESH, BYLER, DIRCK, CHAPMAN, COLIN A., CHETRY, DILIP, CHEYNE, SUSAN M., CORNEJO, FANNY M., CORTÉS-ORTIZ, LILIANA, COWLISHAW, GUY, CHRISTIE, ALEC P., CROCKFORD, CATHERINE, DE LA TORRE, STELLA, DE MELO, FABIANO R., FAN, P., GRUETER, CYRIL C., GUZMÁN-CARO, DIANA C., HEYMANN, ECKHARD W., HERBINGER, ILKA, HOANG, MINH D., HORWICH, ROBERT H., HUMLE, TATYANA, IKEMEH, RACHEL A., IMONG, INAOYOM S., JERUSALINSKY, LEANDRO, JOHNSON, STEIG E., KAPPELER, PETER M., KIERULFF, MARIA CECÍLIA M., KONÉ, INZA, KORMOS, REBECCA, LE, KHAC Q., LI, BAOGUO, MARSHALL, ANDREW J., MEIJAARD, ERIK, MITTERMEIER, RUSSEL A., MUROYAMA, YASUYUKI, NEUGEBAUER, ELEONORA, ORTH, LISA, PALACIOS, ERWIN, PAPWORTH, SARAH K., PLUMPTRE, ANDREW J., RAWSON, BEN M., REFISCH, JOHANNES, RATSIMBAZAFY, JONAH, ROOS, CHRISTIAN, SETCHELL, JOANNA M., SMITH, REBECCA K., SOP, TENE, SCHWITZER, CHRISTOPH, SLATER, KERRY, STRUM, SHIRLEY C., SUTHERLAND, WILLIAM J., TALEBI, MAURÍCIO, WALLIS, JANETTE, WICH, SERGE, WILLIAMSON, ELIZABETH A., WITTIG, ROMAN M., and KÜHL, HJALMAR S.

Published
2020

20. Neuroinfectiology of an atypical anthrax-causing pathogen in wild chimpanzees

Author

Grasse, Tobias, primary, Jager, Carsten, additional, Kirilina, Evgeniya, additional, Jaffe, Jenny E., additional, Carlier, Penelope, additional, Pizarro, Andrea, additional, Jauch, Anna, additional, Reimann, Katja, additional, Lipp, Ilona, additional, Wittig, Roman M., additional, Crockford, Catherine, additional, Weiskopf, Nikolaus, additional, Leendertz, Fabian, additional, and Morawski, Markus, additional

Published
2023
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42. Female chacma baboons form strong, equitable, and enduring social bonds

Author

Silk, Joan B., Beehner, Jacinta C., Bergman, Thore J., Crockford, Catherine, Engh, Anne L., Moscovice, Liza R., Wittig, Roman M., Seyfarth, Robert M., and Cheney, Dorothy L.

Subjects
Life Sciences, Behavioural Sciences, Evolutionary Biology, Zoology, Baboons, Social bonds, Kinship, Coalitions
Abstract

Analyses of the pattern of associations, social interactions, coalitions, and aggression among chacma baboons (Papio hamadryas ursinus) in the Okavango Delta of Botswana over a 16-year period indicate that adult females form close, equitable, supportive, and enduring social relationships. They show strong and stable preferences for close kin, particularly their own mothers and daughters. Females also form strong attachments to unrelated females who are close to their own age and who are likely to be paternal half-sisters. Although absolute rates of aggression among kin are as high as rates of aggression among nonkin, females are more tolerant of close relatives than they are of others with whom they have comparable amounts of contact. These findings complement previous work which indicates that the strength of social bonds enhances the fitness of females in this population and support findings about the structure and function of social bonds in other primate groups.

Published
2010

46. Sourcing high tissue quality brains from deceased wild primates with known socio‐ecology.

Author

Gräßle, Tobias, Crockford, Catherine, Eichner, Cornelius, Girard‐Buttoz, Cédric, Jäger, Carsten, Kirilina, Evgeniya, Lipp, Ilona, Düx, Ariane, Edwards, Luke, Jauch, Anna, Kopp, Kathrin S., Paquette, Michael, Pine, Kerrin, Haun, Daniel B. M., McElreath, Richard, Anwander, Alfred, Gunz, Philipp, Morawski, Markus, Friederici, Angela D., and Weiskopf, Nikolaus

Subjects
PRIMATES, ZOOS, BEHAVIORAL assessment, DEAD, BRAIN banks, HABITATS
Abstract

The selection pressures that drove dramatic encephalisation processes through the mammal lineage remain elusive, as does knowledge of brain structure reorganisation through this process. In particular, considerable structural brain changes are present across the primate lineage, culminating in the complex human brain that allows for unique behaviours such as language and sophisticated tool use. To understand this evolution, a diverse sample set of humans' closest relatives with varying socio‐ecologies is needed. However, current brain banks predominantly curate brains from primates that died in zoological gardens. We try to address this gap by establishing a field pipeline mitigating the challenges associated with brain extractions of wild primates in their natural habitat.The success of our approach is demonstrated by our ability to acquire a novel brain sample of deceased primates with highly variable socio‐ecological exposure and a particular focus on wild chimpanzees. Methods in acquiring brain tissue from wild settings are comprehensively explained, highlighting the feasibility of conducting brain extraction procedures under strict biosafety measures by trained veterinarians in field sites.Brains are assessed at a fine‐structural level via high‐resolution MRI and state‐of‐the‐art histology. Analyses confirm that excellent tissue quality of primate brains sourced in the field can be achieved with a comparable tissue quality of brains acquired from zoo‐living primates.Our field methods are noninvasive, here defined as not harming living animals, and may be applied to other mammal systems than primates. In sum, the field protocol and methodological pipeline validated here pose a major advance for assessing the influence of socio‐ecology on medium to large mammal brains, at both macro‐ and microstructural levels as well as aiding with the functional annotation of brain regions and neuronal pathways via specific behaviour assessments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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50. Slow development of vocal sequences through ontogeny in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus).

Author

Bortolato, Tatiana, Mundry, Roger, Wittig, Roman M., Girard‐Buttoz, Cédric, and Crockford, Catherine

Subjects
CHIMPANZEES, ONTOGENY, SOCIAL interaction, PRIMATES, NATIONAL parks & reserves
Abstract

The development of the unique, hierarchical, and endless combinatorial capacity in a human language requires neural maturation and learning through childhood. Compared with most non‐human primates, where combinatorial capacity seems limited, chimpanzees present a complex vocal system comprising hundreds of vocal sequences. We investigated how such a complex vocal system develops and the processes involved. We recorded 10,929 vocal utterances of 98 wild chimpanzees aged 0–55 years, from Taï National Park, Ivory Coast. We developed customized Generalized non‐Linear Models to estimate the ontogenetic trajectory of four structural components of vocal complexity: utterance length, diversity, probability of panting (requiring phonation across inhalation and exhalation), and probability of producing two adjacent panted units. We found chimpanzees need 10 years to reach adult levels of vocal complexity. In three variables, the steepest increase coincided with the age of first non‐kin social interactions (2–5 years), and plateaued in sub‐adults (8–10 years), as individuals integrate into adult social life. Producing two adjacent panted units may require more neuromuscular coordination of the articulators, as its emergence and steepest increase appear later in development. These results suggest prolonged maturational processes beyond those hitherto thought likely in species that do not learn their vocal repertoire. Our results suggest that multifaceted ontogenetic processes drive increases in vocal structural complexity in chimpanzees, particularly increases in social complexity and neuro‐muscular maturation. As humans live in a complex social world, empirical support for the "social complexity hypothesis" may have relevance for theories of language evolution. Research Highlights: Chimpanzees need around 10 years to develop the vocal structural complexity present in the adult repertoire, way beyond the age of emergence of every single vocal unit.Multifaceted ontogenetic processes may drive increases in vocal structural complexity in chimpanzees, particularly increases in social complexity and neuro‐muscular maturation.Non‐linear increases in vocal complexity coincide with social developmental milestones.Vocal sequences requiring rapid articulatory change emerge later than other vocal sequences, suggesting neuro‐muscular maturational processes continue through the juvenile years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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