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Camisia hamulifera (Hammer, 1961) Camisia cf. hamulifera: Ramírez-Castillo et al. (2018). Distribution: Pantropical. Records in Ecuador: Zamora Chinchipe (San Francisco Biological Reserve). Habitat: Abandoned pasture soil. References: Ramírez-Castillo et al. (2018): 40. Remarks: Record based on unconfirmed identification., Published as part of Revelo-Tobar, Harol, 2022, Checklist of Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of Ecuador, pp. 1-96 in Zootaxa 5210 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5210.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7345248, {"references":["Ramirez-Castillo, P., Marian, L., Marian, F., Gunter, S., Espinosa, C. I., Maraun, M. & Scheu, S. (2018) Response of oribatid mites to reforestation of degraded tropical montane pastureland. European Journal of Soil Biology, 84, 35 - 41. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ejsobi. 2017.09.009"]}

Crotonia pulchra (Beck, 1962) Distribution: Neotropical. Records in Ecuador: Pichincha (Between Quito and Nono, 8 km to Nono, Pasochoa National Park, at 6 km leaving Paluguillo, near Paluguillo in the direction of Pifo), Cotopaxi (Naranjito, San Francisco de las Pampas, ridge running out towards Toachi), Napo (Cosanga-Las Caucheras) and Pastaza (Tnte. Hugo Ortiz). Habitat: Moss from stems of shrubs from about 30 m above creek level, mossy litter and soil from below ferns in the shrubby secondary forest, sclerophyllous litter and soil of the shrubby secondary forest, moss and soil from below closed shrubs of the shrubby secondary forest, moss and soil from a small clearing of the shrubby secondary forest, moss hanging, thick moss and soil from almost vertical wall, litter and soil below trees, tussocks and detritus, moss and cushion plants, paper-like bark of trees bordering a stream, moss and other plants growing on wet soil, from stream level. Debris and moss cover of decomposing tree stump, mould from below the bark of a cut tree trunk, in the flat forest patch. Decomposing debris and moss cover of tree trunk lying on the clear-cut area. Litter and soil of primary forest patch. References: P. Balogh (1988): 323; Kuty (2005): 125-136., Published as part of Revelo-Tobar, Harol, 2022, Checklist of Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of Ecuador, pp. 1-96 in Zootaxa 5210 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5210.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7345248, {"references":["Balogh, J. & Balogh, P. (1988) Oribatid mites of the Neotropical Region I. 3 rd Edition. Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc., Amsterdam. 355 pp.","Kuty, M. (2005) The morphology of juvenile stages of Crotonia pulcher (Beck, 1962) (Acari: Oribatida: Crotonioidea) with a redescription of the adult. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 244, 125 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jcz. 2005.06.001"]}

Camisia arcuata Hammer, 1961 Distribution: Neotropical. Records in Ecuador: Galápagos. Habitat: Litoral, transition and moist zone. References: Schatz (1998): 381; Colloff (1993): 1336-1339., Published as part of Revelo-Tobar, Harol, 2022, Checklist of Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of Ecuador, pp. 1-96 in Zootaxa 5210 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5210.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7345248, {"references":["Schatz, H. (1998) Oribatid mites of the Galapagos Islands - Faunistics, ecology and speciation. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 22, 373 - 409. https: // doi. org / 10.1023 / A: 1006097928124","Colloff, M. J. (1993) A taxonomic revision of the oribatid mite genus Camisia (Acari: Oribatida). Journal of Natural History, 1993, 1325 - 1428. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939300770761"]}

The present checklist of the oribatid mites compiles all known published records of Ecuador with 479 species belonging to 232 genera and 89 families; 180 of these species were described from Ecuador. Oribatid mites were found in 15 of the 24 provinces that conform the Ecuadorian territory. In the provinces of Zamora Chinchipe, Galápagos, Loja, Cotopaxi, Pichincha and Napo, 95% of the species were recorded. 23.6% of these species are known only from Ecuador, 47.8% are distributed in Neotropical region, the remaining are Pantropical, semicosmopolitan and cosmopolitan. This high number of species makes Ecuador the country with the second largest number of species records in Latin America after Brazil.

Holonothrus ecuadoriensis Kuty 2006 Distribution: Ecuador. Records in Ecuador: Cotopaxi (Naranjito, on the way to San Francisco de las Pampas). Habitat: Forest patch, litter and soil; debris and moss cover of decomposing tree stump. References: Kuty (2006a): 307-310., Published as part of Revelo-Tobar, Harol, 2022, Checklist of Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of Ecuador, pp. 1-96 in Zootaxa 5210 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5210.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7345248, {"references":["Kuty, M. (2006 a) A new species of the genus Malaconothrus (Acari, Oribatida, Malaconothridae) from Ecuador. Genus, 17 (2), 307 - 310. https: // doi. org / 10.37828 / em. 2016.9.5"]}

Heminothrus (Capillonothrus) biangulatus (Hammer, 1962) Heminothrus biangulatus: Illig et al. (2007). Distribution: Neotropical. Records in Ecuador: Loja (Podocarpus National Park-Cajanuma). Habitat: Leaf litter and forest soil. References: Illig et al. (2007): 226., Published as part of Revelo-Tobar, Harol, 2022, Checklist of Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of Ecuador, pp. 1-96 in Zootaxa 5210 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5210.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7345248, {"references":["Illig, J., Sandmann, S., Schatz, H., Scheu, S. & Maraun, N. (2007) Oribatida (Mites) Checklist Reserva Biologica San Francisco (Prov. Zamora Chinchipe, S. Ecuador). Ecotropical Monographs, 4, 221 - 230."]}

Platynothrus altimontanus (Hammer, 1958) Distribution: Neotropical. Records in Ecuador: Pichincha and Cotopaxi (Illinizas National Park). References: Kuty & Olszanowski (2008): 3-14., Published as part of Revelo-Tobar, Harol, 2022, Checklist of Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of Ecuador, pp. 1-96 in Zootaxa 5210 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5210.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7345248, {"references":["Kuty, M. & Olszanowski, Z. (2008) The morphology of juvenile stages of Platynothrus altimontanus Hammer, 1958 (Acari: Oribatida: Camisiidae) with redescription of adult. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 247, 3 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jcz. 2006.11.002"]}

Heminothrus (Capillonothrus) castaneus (Hammer, 1961) Heminothrus castanaeus: Illig et al. (2007); Marian et al. (2018). Platynothrus castaneus: Pachl et al. (2017). Distribution: Neotropical. Records in Ecuador: Zamora Chinchipe (San Francisco Biological Reserve) and Loja (Podocarpus National ParkCajanuma). Habitat: Litter and soil from Graffenrieda emarginata. Litterbags of Clusia spp. and Hediosmum sp. References: Illig et al. (2007): 226; Pachl et al. (2017): 312; Marian et al. (2018): 268-270., Published as part of Revelo-Tobar, Harol, 2022, Checklist of Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of Ecuador, pp. 1-96 in Zootaxa 5210 (1) on pages 26-27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5210.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7345248, {"references":["Illig, J., Sandmann, S., Schatz, H., Scheu, S. & Maraun, N. (2007) Oribatida (Mites) Checklist Reserva Biologica San Francisco (Prov. Zamora Chinchipe, S. Ecuador). Ecotropical Monographs, 4, 221 - 230.","Marian, F., Sandmann, D., Krashevska, V., Maraun, M. & Scheu, S. (2018) Altitude and decomposition stage rather than litter origin structure soil microarthropod communities in tropical montane rainforests. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 125, 263 - 274. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. soilbio. 2018.07.017","Pachl, P., Lindl, A. C., Krause, A., Scheu, S., Schaefer, I. & Maraun, M. (2017) The tropics as an ancient cradle of oribatid mite diversity. Acarologia, 57 (2), 309 - 322. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / acarologia / 20164148"]}

Crotonia reticulata Luxton, 1982 Distribution: New Zealand, Ecuador. Records in Ecuador: Zamora Chinchipe (San Francisco Biological Reserve, Podocarpus National Park-Bombuscaro) and Loja (Podocarpus National Park-Cajanuma). Habitat: Leaf litter and soil. Litterbags of Puteria sp., Cavendishia zamorensis, Mollinedia sp., Clusia spp. Graffenieda emarginata and Hediosmum sp. References: Maraun et al. (2013): 187; Marian et al. (2018): 268-270., Published as part of Revelo-Tobar, Harol, 2022, Checklist of Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of Ecuador, pp. 1-96 in Zootaxa 5210 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5210.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7345248, {"references":["Maraun, M., Fronczek, S., Marian, F., Sandmann, D. & Scheu, S. (2013 b) More sex at higher altitudes: Changes in the frequency of parthenogenesis in oribatid mites in tropical montane rain forests. Pedobiologia, 56, 185 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. pedobi. 2013.07.001","Marian, F., Sandmann, D., Krashevska, V., Maraun, M. & Scheu, S. (2018) Altitude and decomposition stage rather than litter origin structure soil microarthropod communities in tropical montane rainforests. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 125, 263 - 274. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. soilbio. 2018.07.017"]}

The present study is based on oribatid mite material collected from Altai Krai and Altai Republic, southern part of Western Siberia, Russia. A list of 60 species, belonging to 51 genera and 29 families, is presented; of these, two species (Moritzoppia metulifera, Zachvatkinibates latilamellatus) are recorded for the first time in Russia; one new species -Sphaerozetes parafirthensis Ermilov n. sp.- is described from soil and moss collected in the Kosh-Agachsky District, Altai Republic. The new species differs from the closely related species, Sphaerozetes firthensis by the larger body size, narrowly lanceolate bothridial seta, strong lateral tooth on lamellar cusp, and broadly oval postanal porose area. An identification key to representatives of this genus from the Palaearctic region is provided.

Heminothrus targionii (Berlese, 1885) Heminothrus targionii Weigmann 2006, p. 156, fig. 81a, b. Parco Naturale delle Alpi Marittime: FRA sparse. General distribution: Northern, southern Italy; Italian, Swiss, Austrian Alps; Holarctic, Oriental, Central America. Habitat preferences: silvicolous, praticolous; xerophilous., Published as part of Schatz, Heinrich, Fortini, Lorenzo, Fusco, Tommaso, Casale, Francesca, Jacomini, Carlo & Giulio, Andrea Di, 2021, Oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) from " Parco Naturale delle Alpi Marittime " (Piedmont, Italy), pp. 501-540 in Zootaxa 5082 (6) on page 510, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5082.6.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5797624, {"references":["Weigmann, G. (2006) Hornmilben (Oribatida). Die Tierwelt Deutschlands. Teil 76. Goecke & Evers, Keltern, 520 pp."]}

Platynothrus peltifer (C.L. Koch, 1839) Platynothrus peltifer Weigmann 2006, p. 157, fig. 82a. Parco Naturale delle Alpi Marittime: FRA sparse. General distribution: Northern, southern Italy; Italian, Swiss, Austrian Alps, southern France; semicosmopolitan. Habitat preferences: euryoecious., Published as part of Schatz, Heinrich, Fortini, Lorenzo, Fusco, Tommaso, Casale, Francesca, Jacomini, Carlo & Giulio, Andrea Di, 2021, Oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) from " Parco Naturale delle Alpi Marittime " (Piedmont, Italy), pp. 501-540 in Zootaxa 5082 (6) on page 510, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5082.6.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5797624, {"references":["Weigmann, G. (2006) Hornmilben (Oribatida). Die Tierwelt Deutschlands. Teil 76. Goecke & Evers, Keltern, 520 pp."]}

Hushtan, Habriel H., Hushtan, Kateryna V., Glotov, Sergii V. (2021): Checklist of oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) of the Transcarpathian lowland, Ukraine. Persian Journal of Acarology 10 (4): 371-402, DOI: 10.22073/pja.v10i4.68186

Platynothrus humicola (Forsslund, 1955) – oak forest (34). Distribution – Boreoalpine and Iran. Еcology – Forest-grassland species, hygrophilous (Bayartogtokh 2010)., Published as part of Hushtan, Habriel H., Hushtan, Kateryna V. & Glotov, Sergii V., 2021, Checklist of oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) of the Transcarpathian lowland, Ukraine, pp. 371-402 in Persian Journal of Acarology 10 (4) on page 379, DOI: 10.22073/pja.v10i4.68186, http://zenodo.org/record/7173377, {"references":["Bayartogtokh, B. (2010) Oribatid mites of Mongolia (Acari: Oribatida). KMK Scientific Press, Moskow, 372 pp."]}

Camisia segnis (Hermann, 1804) – oak-beech forest (42). Distribution – Semicosmopolitan (Holartic, Oriental, Neotropical and Antarctic). Еcology – Arboricolous (Forest species). Platynothrus peltifer (Koch, 1839) – mesophilic grassland (9), hygrophilic grassland (24), floodplain meadows (26, 27), oak-ash forest (51). Distribution – Semicosmopolitan (Holartic, Oriental, Australian: New Zealand, North Neotropical and I. Saint Helena). Еcology – Eurytopic, eurybiont, salt-tolerant., Published as part of Hushtan, Habriel H., Hushtan, Kateryna V. & Glotov, Sergii V., 2021, Checklist of oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) of the Transcarpathian lowland, Ukraine, pp. 371-402 in Persian Journal of Acarology 10 (4) on page 379, DOI: 10.22073/pja.v10i4.68186, http://zenodo.org/record/7173377

Oribatid mites were investigated in six sites in the Alpi Marittime Natural Park (Prov. Cuneo, Piedmont, northern Italy) which is part of the NATURA 2000 network. The selected locations cover 4 forested (fir, ash, 2 beech forests) and 2 grassland sites (mountain meadow, xeric grassland). Altogether 173 described oribatid species belonging to 51 families were encountered, complemented by one undetermined species (Scheloribates (Topobates) cf. carpathicus), added together 174 species. Among them 11 species are new records for Italy. A comparison with other Italian alpine provinces shows high similarity of the oribatid species composition from the investigated sites with the provinces of Bolzano, Trento, Sondrio. A total of 37 species from the Marittime Alps has also been recorded in the southern part of the nearby Swiss canton Ticino. The majority of the species in the investigated sites are known as silvicolous; xerophilous species were mainly found in the xeric grassland site at lower altitude. High species similarities are observed between the forested sites, which also show high species numbers (up to 96 spp. found in the fir forest), lowest similarities are found between the open grassland sites and the forested sites, as well as between the grassland sites themselves.

The present study is based on oribatid mite material collected in Taiwan in 2017–2019. A list of identified taxa, including 141 species/subspecies from 88 genera and 47 families is provided; of these, 36 species/subspecies, 13 genera and five families are recorded for the first time in the Taiwan fauna, and eight species and one genus are recorded for the first time in the Oriental region. Two new species are described. Tyrphonothrus nivnu n. sp. (description based on adult) is similar to Tyrphonothrus altissimus (Piffl, 1971), T. cajamarcensis (Hammer, 1961) and T. wallworki (Starý and Block, 1995) in general morphological traits (notogastral ridges developed; tridactylous legs; notogastral setae e2, h1, h2, and p2 long, setiform, with attenuate tip, other setae of medium length, setiform; high number of genital setae; absence of notogastral ornamentation; and comparatively large body size), but differs from these listed species by the barbed notogastral setae and comparatively long notogastral setae c1, c2, c3, and e1. Jacotella puyuma n. sp. (description based on adult and tritonymph) is similar to Jacotella neonominata Subías, 2004 in general morphological traits (centrodorsal notogastral part with two longitudinal ridges, posteriorly fused, each ridge with two lateral transverse branches; absence of notogastral ornamentation; notogastral seta h1 distinctly longer than other notogastral setae), but differs from the latter by the narrowly elongate bothridial head, flagellate notogastral setae h1 and p1, the length of notogastral setae, and the absence of additional longitudinal ridges connected lateral branches of median ridges (in adult); and by the long gastronotic seta h1 similar in length to bothridial seta, seta h2 similar to h3 and lp and seta dm clearly longer than da on larval exuvium (in tritonymph)., Acarologia, 61, 297-320

Camisia horrida (Hermann, 1804) Colloff 1993: p. 1381, figs 30��32. Seniczak 1991a: pp. 270 ff., figs 3, 4, 6, 11, 12. Weigmann 2006: p. 153, fig. 80a. Piz Bo�� ��� TN 164: 2 adults, 1 protonymph, 2 deutonymphs, TN 165: 3 adult specimens. Taxonomical notes ��� The juvenile instars correspond to the description by Seniczak (1991a) and were allocated to the respective instars according to body size and number of genital setae (protonymph ��� size 470 ��� 360, 1 pair of genital setae, deutonymph ��� size 540 ��� 550 x 310 ��� 330, 4 pairs of genital setae). General distribution ��� Holarctic, Oriental, Ethiopian, Neotropical (Central America). Remarks ��� Schweizer (1956) reported C. horrida frequently from the alpine zone in Switzerland up to 3109 m a.s.l. and considered it as a boreo��alpine species. In South Tyrol it was already found in the Dolomites in the nearby Schlern/Sciliar massif at 2200���2560 m a.s.l. (Schatz 2008a), and in the North��Tyrolean Central Alps (Austria) in the alpine grassland up to 2650 m a.s.l. (Schatz 1979). Camisia horrida was also reported from higher altitudes of Central America (Costa Rica: Volc��n Iraz��, 3400 m, Volc��n Chirrip��, 3800 m ; Panama: Volc��n Bar��, 3400���3475 m a.s.l., Schatz 2006)., Published as part of Schatz, Heinrich, 2020, Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) from the Sella massif (Dolomites, Trentino, Italy) with description of Trichoribates valeriae n. sp. (Ceratozetidae), pp. 842-862 in Acarologia 60 (4) on page 846, DOI: 10.24349/acarologia/20204405, http://zenodo.org/record/5398453, {"references":["Colloff M. J. 1993. A taxonomic revision of the oribatid mite genus Camisia (Acari: Oribatida). Journal of Natural History, 27: 1325 - 1408. doi: 10.1080 / 00222939300770761","Seniczak S. 1991 a. The morphology of juvenile stages of moss mites of the family Camisiidae (Acari, Oribatida). IV. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 226 (5 - 6): 267 - 279.","Weigmann G. 2006. Hornmilben (Oribatida). Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, 76. Teil. Keltern: Goecke & Evers. pp. 520.","Schweizer J. 1956. Die Landmilben des Schweizerischen Nationalparkes. 3. Teil, Sarcoptiformes Reuter 1909. Ergebnisse der wissenschaftlichen Untersuchungen des schweizerischen Nationalparks, Neue Folge, Liestal, 5 (34): 213 - 377.","Schatz H. 2008 a. Hornmilben (Acari: Oribatida) im Naturpark Schlern - Rosengarten (Sudtirol, Italien). Gredleriana, 8: 219 - 254.","Schatz H. 1979. Okologische Untersuchungen an Wirbellosen des zentralalpinen Hochgebirges (Obergurgl, Tirol). II. Phanologie und Zonotik von Oribatiden (Acari). Veroffentlichungen der Universitat Innsbruck (Alpin-biologische Studien 10), Innsbruck, 117: 15 - 120.","Schatz H. 2006. Catalogue of known oribatid mite species (Acari: Oribatida) from the Central American landbridge (First part). Tropical Zoology, 19 (2): 209 - 288."]}

Results from collections of oribatid mites in the cushion plant belt of Sass Pordoi and Piz Boè in the Italian Dolomites (Prov. Trento) are presented. A total of 10 oribatid species belonging to seven families were found. Most have a wide general distribution, Anachipteria shtanchaevae is restricted to the Alps. Three species are frequently or mainly found in the montane to alpine zone (A. shtanchaevae, Camisia horrida, Oribatula interrupta). Remarkable findings are Camisia foveolata, hitherto only known from the boreal climate zone, which indicates a preglacial relict distribution, and Kunstidamaeus lengersdorfi as highest recorded altitude for this species. Trichoribates valeriae n. sp., found in large numbers on both mountains, is described and compared with other congeners, and its systematic position is discussed. This species is characterized by a lamellar structure with small ridges and widely separated cusps, rounded rostrum with nose-like protuberance, 10 pairs of medium long notogastral setae with short bristles, notogastral porose area A1 divided in two parts, porose areas present on all tibiae and tarsi. Additional morphological information on the presence of porose areas on tarsi of Trichoribates scilierensis Bayartogtokh and Schatz, 2008 is given., Acarologia, 60, 842-862

Studies on Oribatida from Svalbard have nearly a 150-year long history. This paper reviews species diversity of Oribatida in Svalbard from a historical aspect, summarizes how often species have been found and detects erroneous reports. A list of 93 oribatid species (including Astigmata) from the Svalbard archipelago is presented. The species represent 30 families, of which Brachychthoniidae (14 spp.) and Crotoniidae (12 spp.) are particularly species-rich. The most often occurring oribatid species is Diapterobates notatus (Thorell, 1871), mentioned in 50% of publications, followed by Ameronothrus lineatus (Thorell, 1871) and Hermannia reticulata Thorell, 1871, mentioned in 30% papers each. About one third of the species have been found in Svalbard only once, and half of them (i.e. 15 species) were reported only in the last century, including five very old records. Acarological studies in Svalbard are heavily biased since they have concentrated on the island of Spitsbergen with limited sampling of other islands / island groups: for example, Barentsøya, Bjørnøya, Danskøya, Edgeøya, Hopen, Lågøya, Kong Karls Land, Prins Karls Forland and Sofiaøya.

Camisia (Camisia) horrida (Hermann, 1804) Material – One specimen in Aluçdağı National Park, N 40° 49′ 7537′′, E 32° 58′ 2646′′, alt. = 1402 m, 17 July 2018, soil. Previous record in Turkey – Sivas (Toluk and Akın 2017). Global distribution – Holarctic. Ecology – Soil, moss, frequent on tree trunks and canopy., Published as part of Murvanidze, Maka, Cilbircioğlu, Cihan, Özdemir, Esengül & Inak, Emre, 2020, Checklist of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of the Central Black Sea basin of Turkey with new records for the country, pp. 255-277 in Persian Journal of Acarology 9 (3) on page 258, DOI: 10.22073/pja.v9i3.61909, http://zenodo.org/record/5236444, {"references":["Hermann, F. L. (1804) Memoire apterologique. Strasbourg, de l'imprimerie de F. G. Levrault, 12: 87 - 95.","Toluk, A. & Akin, A. T. (2017) Oribatid mite fauna (Acari) of Cat Forest, Sivas Province, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 41: 293 - 307."]}

Murvanidze, Maka, Cilbircioğlu, Cihan, Özdemir, Esengül, Inak, Emre (2020): Checklist of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of the Central Black Sea basin of Turkey with new records for the country. Persian Journal of Acarology 9 (3): 255-277, DOI: 10.22073/pja.v9i3.61909, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/ea74271c-b6cc-3222-8dc5-fe9f0a25fa45/

This study presents data on the oribatid mite fauna of the Subpolar Urals for the first time. Observations were made in the Lembekoyu River valley and 35 species of oribatid mites from 24 genera and 21 families were found. The analysis of taxonomic diversity and distribution of East European tundra oribatid mite species is presented based on available literature and the author&rsquo, s own research findings. The taxonomic list includes 163 species from 81 genera and 45 families. Ceratozetidae (15 species), Crotoniidae (14 species), Oppiidae (12 species), Suctobelbidae (12 species), Damaeidae (9 species), Brachychthoniidae (8 species), Phthiracaridae (5 species), Humerobatidae (5 species), Achipteriidae (5 species), Punctoribatidae (5 species), and Galumnidae (5 species) are the leading families, comprising more than 58% of all species. The zoogeographical structure of the fauna is dominated by widely distributed Holarctic, cosmopolitan, and semi-cosmopolitan species. The share of Palaearctic species is 23%. The specificity of the fauna of East European tundra manifests itself in the small group of Arctic species, both in the mainland tundra and on the Arctic islands. A complex of arctic-boreal species, widely distributed in the Eurasian sector of the Arctic, is distinguished.

Family Crotoniidae Genus Camisia von Heyden, 1826 Camisia biurus (C.L. Koch, 1839) — Pr, Je —14, 27; Jl —59 (Wang & Norton 1988, Wang, Hu & Yin 2000). Camisia biverrucata (C.L. Koch, 1839) — Kh —34; Jl —69 (Wang & Norton 1988, Wang, Hu & Yin 2000). Camisia horrida (Hermann, 1804) — Jl —69 (Wang & Norton 1988, Wang & Cui 1996, Wang, Hu & Yin 2000). Camisia lapponica (Trägårdh, 1910) — Pr, Kh —24, 28, 51. Camisia segnis (Hermann, 1804) — Kh, Am, Je —13, 26, 33, 36, 43, 44, 48, 52; Jl —62, 63, 69 (Wang & Norton 1988, Wen 1990a, Wang et al. 1993, Wang, Hu & Yin 2000). Camisia spinifer (C.L. Koch, 1835) — Kh —25; Jl —63 (Wen 1990a). Genus Capillonothrus Kunst, 1971 Capillonothrus yamasakii (Aoki, 1958)— Pr, Kh —3, 4, 28, 29, 38, 41, 48, 51, 52, 55; Jl —62, 63, 69 (Wang & Norton 1988, Wen 1990a, Wang & Hu 1992, Wang, Cui & Liu 2000, Wang, Hu & Yin 2000). Genus Heminothrus Berlese, 1913 Heminothrus longisetosus Willmann, 1925 — Pr —30, 31, 37, 49; Jl— 69 (Wang & Norton 1988, Wen 1990a, Wang, Hu & Yin 2000). Heminothrus paolianus (Berlese, 1913) — Pr, Kh —38, 50, 51, 52, 55. Heminothrus targionii (Berlese, 1885) — Kh —47; Jl —69 (Wang & Norton 1988, Wang & Cui 1997, Wang, Hu & Yin 2000). Genus Neonothrus Forsslund, 1955 Neonothrus humicola Forsslund, 1955 — Pr —49, 51. Genus Platynothrus Berlese, 1913 Platynothrus peltifer (C.L. Koch, 1839) — Kh —29, 36, 49, 51, 52, 54; Jl— 69 (Wang & Norton 1988, Wang et al. 1993, Wang, Cui & Liu 2000, Wang, Hu & Yin d2000). Platynothrus sibiricus Sitnikova, 1975 — Kh —3, 36, 47., Published as part of Ryabinin, Nikolay A., Liu, Dong, Gao, Meixiang & Wu, Dong-Hui, 2018, Checklist of oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) of the Russian Far East and Northeast of China, pp. 201-232 in Zootaxa 4472 (2) on page 212, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4472.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1440137, {"references":["Wang, H. F. & Norton, R. A. (1988) New records of Crotonioidea from China, with description of a new species of Allonothrus (Acari: Oribatida). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 13 (3), 261 - 273. [in Chinese with English abstract]","Wang, H. F., Hu, S. H. & Yin, S. G. (2000) The oribatid fauna and distribution in different zones in China. In: Yin, W. Y. (Ed.), Soil Animals of China. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 251 - 265.","Wang, H. F. & Cui, Y. Q. (1996) Acari: Oribatida. In: Huang, F. S. (Eds.), Insects of the Karakorum-Kunlun Moutains. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 321 - 328. [in Chinese]","Wen, Z. G. (1990 a) Preliminary investigation of soil oribatid mites in Jilin Province. Journal of Northeast Normal University, 1990 (Supplement), 115 - 124. [in Chinese]","Wang, H. F., Hu, S. H., Wang, X. Z. & Cui, Y. Q. (1992) Acari: Oribatida. In: Huang, F. S. (Ed.), Insects of Wuling Mountains Area, Southwestern China. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 701 - 711. [in Chinese with English abstract]","Wang, H. F., Cui, Y. Q. & Liu, Y. H. (2000) Acari: Oribatida. In: Huang, B. K. (Ed.), Fauna of Insects in Fujian Province of China. Fol. 9. Fujian Science and Technology Publishing House, Fuzhou, pp. 296 - 323 [in Chinese with English abstract]","Wang, H. F. & Cui, Y. Q. (1997) Acari: Acariformes: Oribatida. In: Yang, X. K. (Ed.), Insects of the Three Gorge Reservoir Rrea of Yangtze River, Chongqing Publishing House, Chongqing, pp. 1697 - 1703. [in Chinese with English abstract]"]}

Crotonia chiloensis Wallwork, 1978 Material studied. Estancia Ushuaia (9) and Reserva Coraz��n de la Isla (2). Distribution. Andean (Chile). Remarks. The species was originally collected in Chile, in Chepu, Isla de Chilo��. This material was found in a terrestrial collection by Dr. Holdgate that was donated to the British Museum, it is a small collection containing the species of Crotonia sp., only represented by a single individual. This specimen was cited by Wallwork as Crotonia chiloensis and the description was made from this single adult, designated as holotype., Published as part of Ruiz, E. V., Rizzuto, S. & Martinez, P. A., 2018, New records of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) from Argentina, pp. 194-200 in Zootaxa 4370 (2) on page 196, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4370.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/1143855

Ruiz, E.V., Rizzuto, S., Martinez, P.A. (2018): New records of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) from Argentina. Zootaxa 4370 (2): 194-200, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4370.2.8

A checklist of the oribatid mite species reported in Brazil is presented, including all published records up to 2015. A total of 576 described species in 206 genera and 83 families is presented. Information includes the names by which each species was reported in the Brazilian literature, its general known distribution and by Brazilian States, references, and remarks, when needed. As with most countries, there was a slow early accumulation of knowledge but in recent decades the pace of description has been relatively high. A graphical overview of the number of described oribatid mite species from Brazil in different decades is given. The proportion contributed by each of the major oribatid groups is generally similar to that of the overall world fauna, with a composition that reflects the South American fauna and all of the Neotropics in general. There is a relatively low percentage of primitive mites (Palaeosomata, Enarthronota) other than Lohmanniidae and Mesoplophoridae, which are quite diverse. The Brachypylina comprises about 68% of the oribatid mite fauna. In the checklist, 41% of the species are known only from Brazil, 37% from the Neotropical region, 13.5% have a wider distribution in the global tropical and subtropical regions, and 8.5% are considered cosmopolitan or semicosmopolitan species. The number of descriptions of new species since 2000 from Brazil (73 spp.) and South America (230) is high, but the oribatid mite fauna of these countries remains poorly known. Only continued studies can determine if the high number of species known only from Brazil is an indication of high endemism.

Crotonia marlenae Olszanowski, 1977 Reported only from Brazil. Brazil: State of Rio de Janeiro. Reference: Olszanowski (1997): 722., Published as part of Oliveira, Anibal R., Argolo, Poliane S., De, Gilberto J., Norton, Roy A. & Schatz, Heinrich, 2017, A checklist of the oribatid mite species (Acari: Oribatida) of Brazil, pp. 1-89 in Zootaxa 4245 (1) on page 25, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.437584, {"references":["Olszanowski, Z. (1997) New oribatid species of the genus Crotonia from Brazil (Acari: Crotoniidae). Genus, 8 (3 - 4), 719 - 725."]}

Crotonia carioca Colloff, 2009 Reported only from Brazil. Brazil: State of Rio de Janeiro. Reference: Colloff (2009): 8., Published as part of Oliveira, Anibal R., Argolo, Poliane S., De, Gilberto J., Norton, Roy A. & Schatz, Heinrich, 2017, A checklist of the oribatid mite species (Acari: Oribatida) of Brazil, pp. 1-89 in Zootaxa 4245 (1) on page 25, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.437584, {"references":["Colloff, M. J. (2009) Species-group concepts and biogeography of the genus Crotonia (Acari: Oribatida: Crotoniidae), with new species from South and Central America. Zootaxa, 2081, 1 - 30."]}

Family Crotoniidae Thorell, 1876 Camisia Heyden, 1826 �� Camisia biurus (C.L. Koch, 1839) * �� Original name: Nothrus biurus C.L. Koch, 1839. �� In: Deutschlands Crustaceen, Myriapoden und Arachniden, Vol. 30 (2). �� Historical combinations/variations: Camisia (Camisia) biurus (C.L. Koch) Sub��as, 2004. �� Synonyms: Nothrus segnis sensu C.L. Koch, 1839; Nothrus furcatus C.L. Koch, 1844; Nothrus pigerrimus C.L. Koch, 1844; Camisia segnis sensu Sellnick, 1928; Camisia exuvialis Grandjean, 1939; Uronothrus segnis sensu Willmann, 1939; Uronothrus kochi Willmann, 1943. Irish Reference/s and Habitat/s: Moss on conifers (Halbert 1915); grassland, heather and shelter belt on peat (Longworth 1973). Counties: Mayo. �� Camisia horrida (Hermann, 1804) * �� Original name: Notaspis horridus Hermann, 1804 �� In: M��moire Apt��rologique. Strassbourg. 154 pp, 90. �� Historical combinations/variations: Oribata horrida (Hermann) Michael 1884; Nothrus horridus (Hermann) Michael, 1888; Camisia horridus (Hermann) Grandjean, 1936; Camisia (Camisia) horrida (Hermann) Sub��as, 2004. �� Synonyms: Nothrus bistriatus C.L. Koch, 1839; Nothrus mutilus C.L. Koch, 1839; Nothrus runcinatus C.L. Koch, 1839; Nothrus sinuatus C.L. Koch, 1839; Nothrus borealis Thorell, 1872; Nothrus angulatus C.L. Koch, 1839 sensu Berlese, 1883 [misidentification]; Nothrus rugulosus Banks, 1895; Camisia horrida var. borealis sensu Dalenius, 1950; Camisia borealis (Thorell) Sellnick and Forsslund, 1955; Camisia rugulosus (Banks) sensu Johnston, 1965. Irish Reference/s and Habitat/s: Halbert (1907) (no habitat given); moss (Halbert 1915); grassland on peat (Longworth 1973). Counties: Dublin and Mayo. �� Camisia invenusta (Michael, 1888) * �� Original name: Nothrus invenustus Michael, 1888. �� In: British Oribatidae, Vols. I and II. Ray Soc., London. 656 pp. �� Historical combinations/variations: Camisia (Camisia) invenusta (Michael) Sub��as, 2004. Irish Reference/s and Habitat/s: Under lichens (Lichciui pygmaca) growing on large boulders on seashore (Halbert 1915, 1920; Evans et al. 1961) Counties: Dublin and Mayo. �� Camisia segnis (Hermann, 1804) * �� Original name: Notaspis segnis Hermann, 1804. �� In: M��moire Apt��rologique. Strassbourg. 154 pp, 94. �� Historical combinations/variations: Nothrus segnis (Hermann) Oudemans, 1900; Uronothrus segnis (Hermann) Berlese, 1913; Nothrus segnus [sic] (Hermann) Ewing, 1917; Camisia (Camisia) segnis (Hermann) Sub��as, 2004. �� Synonyms: Nothrus rostratus C.L. Koch, 1839; Nothrus ventricosus C.L. Koch, 1844; Nothrus bicarinatus (C.L. Koch) Berlese, 1885; Nothrus excisus Bank, 1895; Camisia bicarinata (C.L. Koch) sensu Willmann, 1931; Camisia segnis segnoides Andr��, Lebrun and Leroy, 1984. Irish Reference/s and Habitat/s: Moss and under bark and fallen pine needles (Halbert 1915); apple orchards (Mac Quillan 1966; Momen 1987); grassland and heather on peat (Longworth 1973); acid peat bog (Behan-Pelletier and Hill 1983); canopy of Sitka spruce, ash, oak and Scots pine forests (Arroyo et al. 2012, 2013b); canopy of yew (Arroyo et al. 2013 c); canopy and moss in canopy in Sitka spruce forests (Arroyo et al. 2009); canopy in ash, oak and Sitka spruce forests (unpublished data). Counties: Armagh, Cork, Dublin, Kerry, Kildare, Laois, Mayo, Offaly, Roscommon, Sligo and Wicklow. �� Camisia spinifer (C.L. Koch, 1836) * �� Original name: Nothrus spinifer C.L. Koch, 1836 �� In: Deutschlands Crustaceen, Myriapoden und Arachniden, Vol. 2. �� Historical combinations/variations: Nothrus spiniger (C.L. Koch) Berlese, 1913; Camisia (Camisia) spinifer (C.L. Koch) Sub��as, 2004. �� Synonyms: Nothrus echinatus C.L. Koch, 1835; Nothrus sordidus C.L. Koch, 1839; Nothrus ansatus Haupt, 1882; Nothrus concavus Haupt, 1882; Nothrus quadracanthus Haupt, 1882; Nothrus taurinus Banks, 1906; Nothrus superbus Berlese, 1910; Camisia taurinus (Bank) Pearse, 1946; Camisia superba (Berlese) Colloff, 1993. Irish Reference/s and Habitat/s: Moss and under bark of decayed fir trees (Halbert 1907,1915); soil from Sitka spruce forests (Arroyo et al. 2012, 2013b). Counties: Cork, Dublin, Mayo and Wicklow. Heminothrus (Capillonothrus) Kunst, 1971 �� Heminothrus (Capillonothrus) thori (Berlese, 1904) �� Original name: Angelia Thori Berlese, 1904. �� In: Acari nuovi. Manipulus II. Redia, 1, 258���280. �� Historical combinations/variations: Nothrus (Heminothrus) thori (Berlese) Berlese, 1913; Heminothrus thori (Berlese) Willmann, 1931; Platynothrus thori (Berlese) Sellnick and Forsslund, 1955. �� Synonyms: Nothrus crinitus Warburton and Pearce, 1905. Irish Reference/s and Habitat/s: Riparian habitat (Arroyo et al. 2013a). Counties: Kildare. Heminothrus (Heminothrus) Berlese, 1913 �� Heminothrus (Heminothrus) longisetosus (Willmann, 1925) �� Original name: Nothrus (Heminothrus) paolianus longisetosus Willman, 1925. �� In: Neue und seltene Oribatiden. Jahresbericht des Entomologischen Vereins in Bremen, 13, 7���11. �� Historical combinations/variations: Heminothrus longisetosus (Willmann) Ghilarov, 1975; Heminothrus paolianus longisetosus (Willmann) Longworth, 1973. Irish Reference/s and Habitat/s: Bog, grassland, heather and shelter belt on peat (Longworth 1973). Counties: Mayo. Heminothrus (Platynothrus) Berlese, 1913 �� Heminothrus (Platynothrus) peltifer (C.L. Koch, 1839) * �� Original name: Nothrus peltifer C.L. Koch, 1839. �� In: Deutschlands Crustaceen, Myriapoden und Arachniden, vol. 29(9). �� Historical combinations/variations: �� Platynothrus peltifer (C.L. Koch) Willmann, 1931; Heminothrus peltifer (C.L. Koch) Balogh and Mahunka, 1983. �� Synonyms: Acarus infusionum Schrank, 1803 ���sp. inq.���; Nothrus palliatus C.L. Koch, 1839; Nothrus cirrosus Canestini and Fanzago, 1876; Nothrus bicristatus Haupt, 1882; Nothrus spirofilus Haupt, 1882; Nothrus bistriatus Berlese, 1885 [misidentification]; Camisia bistriata (Berlese) Michael, 1888; Angelia palliata (C.L. Koch) Berlese, 1896; Hermannia carinata (Kramer) sensu Halbert, 1907; Camisia palliata (C.L. Koch) Oudemans, 1913; Hermannia bistriata (Berlese) Halbert, 1915; Heminothrus bistriatus (Berlese) Lombardini, 1936; Platynothrus palliatus (C.L. Koch) Lombardini, 1936; Platynothrus grandjeani Sitnikova, 1975; Platynothrus punctatus Tarman, 1983; Heminothrus abchasicus Tarba, 1990. Irish Reference/s and Habitat/s: Moss (Halbert 1907,1915); agricultural grassland (Curry 1969a, 1976; Valarasan 1971; Ganley 1976; Bolger 1980; Piotrowska 2010; Arroyo et al. 2015); bog (Longworth 1973); cutaway raise bog and grassland on peat (both soil and herbage) (unpublished data; Whelan 1978, 1985, 1986); acid peat bog (Behan-Pelletier and Hill 1983); salt marsh (Healy 1975; Speight and Healy 1977); Iris bog at seashore (Purvis 1982), soil in Monterey pine, Lawson cypress and Sitka spruce forests (unpublished data); fungal sporocarps (unpublished data; O���Connell 1994; O���Connell and Bolger 1997); lichen (Seyd 1992); agricultural soil, Plantago swards, rushes, soil on cliff, saltmarsh, woodland, moss, grass, heather and bracken (Bolger In press); pastures, Sitka spruce forests, blanket and raised bogs and pastures under rough grazing (Arroyo et al. 2009a); Machair foredunes, Machair fixed (stable) dunes and Machair grassland (Arroyo and Bolger 2011); moss on soil in Sitka spruce forest (Arroyo and Bolger 2007); canopy in Sitka spruce forest (Arroyo et al. 2009b); moss on soil and soil in oak, ash, Scots pine and Sitka spruce forests, moss in canopy in Scots pine and Stika spruce forests and canopy in oak forests (Arroyo et al. 2012, 2013b); raised bogs, mountain blanket bogs, Atlantic blanket bogs and fens (Wisdom et al. 2011); riparian habitat (Arroyo et al. 2013a); ant nests (Arroyo et al. 2015). Counties: Carlow, Cavan, Cork, Donegal, Dublin, Galway, Kerry, Kildare, Kilkenny, Laois, Limerick, Mayo, Meath, Monaghan, Offaly, Roscommon, Sligo, Tipperary, Waterford, Westmeath, Wexford and Wicklow., Published as part of Bolger, Thomas, 2017, Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) recorded from Ireland: Catalogue, historical records, species habitats and geographical distribution, combinations, variations and synonyms, pp. 1-174 in Zootaxa 4328 (1) on pages 38-43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4328.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1000543, {"references":["Subias, L. S. (2004) Listado sistematico, sinonimico y biogeografio de los acaros oribatidos (Acariformes, Oribatida) del mundo (1758 - 2002). Graellsia, 60 (numero extraordinario), 1 - 305. [updated online 2017]","Halbert, J. N. (1915) Clare Island survey. 39. Acaridina ii. Terrestrial and marine Acarina. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 31 (39), 45 - 136.","Longworth, T. J. (1973) Some aspects of the ecology of the acari of virgin and reclaimed blanket bog at Glenamoy, Co. Mayo. National University of Ireland. PhD thesis, University College Dublin, Dublin, 76 pp.","Halbert, J. N. (1907) Acarina. Irish Naturalist, 16, 65 - 67.","Halbert, J. N. (1920) The Acarina of seashore. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 35, 101 - 152.","Evans, G. O., Sheals, J. G. & MacFarlane, D. (1961) The terrestrial Acari of the British Islands. Vol. I. British Museum (Natural History), London, 219 pp.","Willmann, C. (1931) Moosmilben oder Oribatiden (Oribatei). Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, 22, 79 - 200.","Mac Quillan, M. J. (1966) The mite fauna of a neglected Northern Ireland apple orchard. Entomologist's monthly magazine, 102, 153 - 155.","Momen, F. M. (1987) The mite fauna of an unsprayed apple orchard in Ireland. Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Zoologie, 74, 417 - 431.","Behan Pelletier, V. M. & Hill, S. B. (1983) Feeding habits of sixteen species of Oribatei from an acid peat bog, Glenamoy, Ireland. Revue Ecologie et Biologie du sol, 20, 145 - 153.","Arroyo, J, Kenny, J. & Bolger, T. (2012) A survey of the Oribatida and Mesostigmata (Acarina) of Irish forests. Bulletin of the Irish Biogeographical Society, 36, 33 - 59.","Arroyo, J., Kenny, J. & Bolger, T. (2013 b) Variation between mite communities in Irish forest types - importance of bark and moss cover in canopy. Pedobiologia, 56, 241 - 250. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. pedobi. 2013.09.003","Arroyo, J., Kenny, J. & Bolger, T. (2013 c) Oribatid and gamasid mite assemblages occurring in aerial and floor habitats of native forestry at Killarney National Park. Irish Naturalist Journal, 32 (2), 121 - 131.","Arroyo, J., Keith, A. M., Schmidt, O. & Bolger, T. (2009 a) Mite abundance and richness in an Irish survey of soil biodiversity with comments on some newly recorded species. Irish Naturalist Journal, 33 (1), 19 - 27.","Berlese, A. (1904) Acari nuovi. Manipulus III. Redia, 2, 10 - 32.","Warburton, C. & Pearce, N. D. F. (1905) On new and rare British mites of the family Oribatidae. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 195, 564 - 569.","Arroyo, J., Baars, J. R., O'Driscoll, L., Blackmore, M. & Bolger, T. (2013 a) First records of Heminothrus (Capillonothrus) thori (Berlese, 1904) and Perlohmannia (Perlohmannia) dissimilis (Hewitt, 1908) (Arachnida: Acari: Oribatida) in Ireland. Bulletin of the Irish Biogeographical Society, 37, 12 - 16.","Curry, J. P. (1969 a) The qualitative and quantitative composition of the fauna of an old grassland site at Celbridge, Co. Kildare. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1, 219 - 227. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / 0038 - 0717 (69) 90022 - 4","Valarasan, V. (1971) Ecology of soil arthropods in Irish grassland. Ph. D. Thesis University of Dublin, Dublin, 248 pp.","Ganley, J. (1976) A study of the arthropod fauna associated with the roots of some common grass and weed species of pasture. Research master thesis, National University of Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, 72 pp","Bolger, T. (1980) The effects of landspread animal manures on the arthropod mesofauna of grassland soils. Ph. D. thesis, National University of Ireland, Dublin, 296 pp.","Piotrowska, K. (2010) The effects of grassland plant species composition and diversity on earthworm, mite and soil microbial communities. PhD thesis, University College Dublin, Dublin, 267 pp.","Arroyo, J., O'Grady, A., Vance, H. & Bolger, T. (2015) The mite (Acari: Oribatida, Mesostigmata) assemblages associated with Lasius flavus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) nests and surrounding soil in an Irish grassland. Biology and Environment Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 115 (1), 1 - 12. https: // doi. org / 10.3318 / bioe. 2015.03","Whelan, J. (1978) Acarine succession in grassland on cutaway raised bog. Scientific Proceedings of the Royal Irish Society Serie A, 6 (11), 175 - 183.","Whelan, J. (1985) Seasonal fluctuations and vertical distribution of the acarine fauna of three grassland sites. Pedobiologia, 28, 191 - 201.","Whelan, J. (1986) An analysis of the acarine communities in the herbage anld soil of three adjoining grassland sites in Co. Kildare, Ireland. Pedobiologia, 29, 149 - 164.","Healy, B. (1975) Fauna of the salt-marsh, North Bull Island, Dublin. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 75 B, 225 - 244.","Speight, M. C. D. & Healy, B. (1977) Arachnida and Insecta. In: Jeffrey, D. W., Goodwillie, R. N., Healy, B., Holland, H., Jackson, J. S. & Moore, J. (Eds.), North Bull Island Dublin Bay - a modern coastal natural history. The Royal Dublin Society, Dublin, pp. 147 - 156.","O'Connell, T. (1994) The microarthropod fauna associated with fungal fruiting bodies in woodland- a study of the role of habitat spatial and temporal diversity in determining assemblage structure. PhD thesis, University College Dublin, Dublin, 259 pp.","O'Connell, T. & Bolger, T. (1997) Stability, ephemerality and dispersal ability: microarthropod assemblages on fungal sporophores. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 62, 111 - 131. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8312.1997. tb 01617. x","Seyd, E. L. (1992) Moss mites in a lichen sample from Mount Leinster, Co. Carlow, Eire, and their bearing on a land connection between Britain and Ireland during Quaternary and Post glacial times. Journal of Biogeography, 19, 401 - 409. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2845568","Arroyo, J. & Bolger, T. (2007) Oribatid (Acari: Oribatida) and gamasid (Acari: Gamasida) mite communities in an Irish Sitka spruce Sitka spruce sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. stand with three first records for Ireland. Irish Naturalist Journal, 28 (11), 452 - 458.","Wisdom, R., Arroyo, J. & Bolger, T. (2011) A survey of the Oribatida and Mesostigmata (Acarina) of Irish peatlands. Bulletin of the Irish Biogeographical Society, 35, 130 - 149."]}

Bolger, Thomas (2017): Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) recorded from Ireland: Catalogue, historical records, species habitats and geographical distribution, combinations, variations and synonyms. Zootaxa 4328 (1): 1-174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4328.1.1

Six new species of oribatid mite belonging to the genus Crotonia are described from wet forests in Victoria, Australia. Crotonia alpina sp. nov., C. cornuta sp. nov. and C. victoriae sp. nov. belong to the Capistrata species-group, having the full complement of notogastral setae in the c series; whilst C. momitoi sp. nov., C. blacki sp. nov. and C. gadubanudi sp. nov. are members of the Cophinaria species-group, lacking setae c 2 . The fossil species Crotonia ramus (Womersley, 1957), also a member of the Cophinaria group, is redescribed from Tertiary Kauri pine resin (Agathis yallournensis). The new members of the Capistrata group share an unique combination of characters, including long flagelliform setae c 3 , shorter setiform c 2 and with setae c 3 the shortest of the c series; lateral strips of the notogastral shield ornamented with fields of tubercles; narrow, blunt bothridial auriculae and elongate parallel apophyses of setae h 2 projecting horizontally. The morphological homogeneity of this cluster of species is mirrored by the members of the Cophinaria species-group described herein which, together with C. pyemaireneri Colloff, 2009 and C. tasmanica Łochynska, 2008 from Tasmania, plus C. jethurmerae Lee, 1985 from South Australia, share relatively well-developed setae d 2 , a porose notogastral shield with narrow lateral tuberculate strips; elongate, acute bothridial auriculae; long, flagelliform setae p 1 and relatively short apophyses of setae h 2 , divergent apically, and projecting posteriodorsally. The Victorian members of the Capistrata andCophinaria species-groups represent two homogeneous clusters of species associated with temperate rainforest refugia and wet sclerophyll forest in high-rainfall zones. An identification key is provided to the Australian species of Crotonia.

Two new species of oribatid mite belonging to the genus Crotonia are described from tree trunks and their associated bryophytes in callidendrous rainforest, dominated by Nothofagus cunninghami, in Northeastern Tasmanian: C. tasmaniana sp. nov. and C. pyemaireneri sp. nov. Holonothrus ryszardi Łochynska, 2008 is designated the junior subjective synonym of Crotonia ovata Olszanowski, 2000, and a supplementary description of the latter species is provided. The apparent arboreal habitat preferences of crotoniid mites are considered. In Tasmanian rainforest, the frequency of occurrence of these mites in moss on bark is higher than in terrestrial habitats, but not significantly so. High rainfall, a closed canopy, a low mean annual temperature and a consequent extensive corticolous and terricolous cover of bryophytes presents a continuum for these mites between ground and above-ground habitats.

The development of a new Tasmanian crotoniid species: Crotonia tasmanica sp. nov. is described and illustrated. The morphology of juvenile stages of two Australian moss mites: Crotonia ardala Luxton, 1987 and C. capistrata Luxton, 1987 is also presented. Immature and adult stages of the new species are compared with the most morphologically similar Brazilian species Crotonia camilae Łochynska, 2008. Although both species possess two pairs of setae c and similar structure of posterior apophyses, there are a number of differences in length and structure of setae.

The juvenile stages and adults of two new Tasm anian crotoniid m ites Holonothrus minus‐culus sp. n. and H. glaesarius sp. n. are described and illustrated. Holonothrus minusculus sp. n. is similar to H. mitis Olszanowski, 1991 in body dimensions and because the openings of the opisthosomal gland are situated close to setae f2. It is similar to H. robus‐tus Olszanowski, 1991 in the length and structure of notogastral setae. H. glaesarius sp. n. is absolutely different from other known species of this genus and that is why it cannot be compared.

The dominance of sexual reproduction is still an unresolved enigma in evolutionary biology. Strong advantages of sex have to exist, because only a few parthenogenetic taxa persist over evolutionary timescales. Oribatid mites (Acari) include outstanding exceptions to the rule that parthenogenetically reproducing taxa are of recent origin and doomed to extinction. In addition to the existence of large parthenogenetic clusters in oribatid mites, phylogenetic analyses of this study and model-based reconstruction of ancestral states of reproduction imply that Crotoniidae have reevolved sexuality from parthenogenetic ancestors within one of those clusters. This reversal in reproductive mode is unique in the animal kingdom and violates Dollo's law that complex ancestral states can never be reacquired. The reevolution of sexuality requires that ancestral genes for male production are maintained over evolutionary time. This maintenance likely is true for oribatid mites because spanandric males exist in various species, although mechanisms that enable the storage of genetically ancestral traits are unclear. Our findings present oribatid mites as a unique model system to explore the evolutionary significance of parthenogenetic and sexual reproduction.

Crotonia unguifera (Michael, 1908) (Figs. 2 b, 3, 7b) Nothrus unguifera Michael, 1908, p. 144, Pl. 19, Figs. 11 ���15. Acronothrus zealandicus Ramsay, 1958, p. 76, Pl. 5, Figs. 1���10 nomen nudum. Crotonia unguifera (Michael, 1908):��� Wallwork 1977 b, p. 520, Figs. 8���9. Crotonia unguifera (Michael, 1908):��� Luxton 1985, p. 30. Crotonia unguifera (Michael, 1908):���Łochyńska 2008, p. 825. Crotonia unguifera (Michael, 1908):��� Colloff 2010 b, p. 14. Dimensions. Females: mean length (n = 6) 1697 ��m (range 1600���1817 ��m); mean breadth 913 ��m (range 820��� 1024 ��m). Males: mean length (n = 13) 1371 ��m (range 1285���1496 ��m); mean breadth 736 ��m (range 653���805 ��m). Mean ratio of length of prodorsum to total length: 0.29. Female. Prodorsum: rostrum prominent; rostral setae (ro) 53 ��m long, straight, spiniform, smooth (Fig. 3 a). Lamellar seta (le) 219 ��m, recurved, sparingly barbed. Lamellar apophysis 120 ��m long, straight, tubular, more-orless parallel, almost as long as mutual distance; extending anteriorly as far as apices of rostral setae. Interlamellar apophysis twice as long as broad; interlamellar setae (in) 418 ��m long, slender, sparingly barbed or smooth, flagelliform, extending anteriorly beyond apex of curve of lamellar setae. Prodorsal ridges not apparent. Diameter of bothridium 55 ��m; anteriolateral auriculate ridge broadly convex, irregular, with a median fovea and crenellated ridges (Fig. 7 b); hexagonal reticulations of operculum sparingly ornamented with well-developed ridges and with point of origin near lateral margin. Inter-bothridial ridge and median field of muscle sigilla not apparent. Prodorsal microsculpture smooth, porose. Notogaster: ratio of length to breadth 1.35; broadest at level of bases of setae e 2 (Fig. 3 a). With 13 pairs of notogastral setae; lateral ones smooth, caudal ones barbed. Dorsosejugal suture simple, slightly convex, complete. Pre-notogastral shield broader than notogastral shield, with rounded lateral margins; waisted at junction with notogastral shield marked by transverse hyaline strip bearing apically-flagelliform seta c 1 (113 ��m long) on welldeveloped tubercles. Apophyses of setae c 3 prominent, 40 ��m long, at least twice as long as broad; setae c 3 flagelliform, 485 ��m long, recurved. Hysterosoma bulbous, inflated, lozenge-shaped. Notogastral shield elongated with margins more-or-less parallel, with minute foveolae medially; bordered laterally by narrow strip of small tubercles extending posteriorly as far as lyrifissure ip. Lateral hyaline strip (suprapleural scissure) narrow, bearing squat tubercles of setae cp, e 2 and f 2, extending posteriorly beyond lyrifissure ip. With narrow, porose strip lateral of hyaline strip bearing lyrifissure im, extending from posterior of seta cp to lyrifissure ip; lateral notogastral plates porose. Setae e 2 and f 2 short, curved, sub-equal in length (53���60 ��m); seta cp much longer (120 ��m). Setae d 2 very short (33 ��m), curved, setiform; bases 106 ��m apart. Opisthonotal gland opening gla positioned just anterior of f 2. Caudal apophyseal cluster bilateral, not on medial stalk (Fig. 2 b); apophysis of seta h 2 slightly longer than others, parallel, directed posteriorly, slightly waisted; caudal margin between them convex. Apophysis of seta f 1 short, directed vertically (Fig. 2 b); base of apophysis of seta h 1 fused with lateral surface of apophysis of seta f 1, sub-equal in length, slightly bulbous basally, directed posteriolaterally, emerging from caudal margin dorsal and lateral of apophyses of setae h 2. Apophyses of setae h 3 slightly shorter than others, positioned ventral and lateral of them. All caudal setae barbed; f 1 83 ��m long, setiform; h 1 83 ��m, h 2 50 ��m, h 3 66 ��m. Venter: epimeres porose (Fig. 3 b); epimeral setae smooth, thick, spiniform, 33���46 ��m long; formula 3 - 1-3 - 3; seta 3 a and 4 b sub-equal in length, slightly longer than others (60 ��m); 3 c on well-developed tubercle. Genital plates sub-circular, posterior margin straight posteriolateral margin straight, angled obtusely to posterior margin; each plate 305 ��m long, 153 ��m broad, with eight thick, setiform setae, 43���54 ��m long; two pairs of aggenital setae, shorter than genital setae. Anal plate 412 ��m long, 63 ��m broad, with three thick, setiform setae on central and posterior part of plate; three pairs of thick, setiform adanal setae. Ventral margin of notogaster surrounding anal plates U-shaped. Setae p 2-3 smooth, curved, setiform, 47 ��m long, p 1 barbed, 66 ��m long, on short tubercles, separated by distance 6 �� width of their tubercles (Fig. 3 b). Material Examined and Locality Data. four females, 13 males, salt meadow, North Brother Island, Cook Strait, 41 �� 7 'S, 174 �� 27 ' E, 10 m., coll. G.W. Ramsay, 12���19.v. 1956. Three females, three males, Chionchloa sp., beating [foliage], Dun Mountain Track, Nelson, 41 �� 19 'S 173 �� 24 'E, 610 m., coll. G.W. Ramsay, 7.iii. 1972. Soil site, Wharekaka [Martinborough], Wairarapa, 41 �� 13 'S 175 �� 28 'E, 20 m., coll. M. Luxton, 22.iv. 1965. Twelve adults, beating, Kelceys [Kelsey���s] Bush, Waimate, 44 �� 45 'S 171 ��0'E, 175 m., coll. G.W. Ramsay, 20.i. 1966. Remarks. Crotonia unguifera can be differentiated from other members of the genus based on the following combination of characters: 1) the sparingly barbed c series setae; 2) setae cp are twice the length of setae e 2 and f 2; 3) the lateral margins of the notogastral plate have a line of tubercles; 4) the suprapleural scissure extending posteriorly to a point between lyrifissure ip and caudal apophyses; 5) the barbed caudal setae on bilateral apophyses arising from hysterosoma, not on a caudal stalk; 6) the caudal apophyses of seta h 1 emerging laterally from dorsally-directed apophysis of seta f 1; 7) setae p 2���3 are smooth, p 1 is barbed; 8) the aggenital region is tuberculate; 9) epimeral setae 3 a and 4 b are longer than the other epimeral setae. Crotonia unguifera is most closely related to C. ramsayi sp. nov. (cf. Remarks for that species above). Wallwork (1977 b) designated a lectotype of Crotonia unguifera and redescribed the species. Michael���s (1908) description contains no figures. Wallwork (1977 b) commented on the limitations of his redescription due to the poor optical properties of Michael���s preparations: ���The use of Balsam mountant prevents the clear definition of many of the body setae which are pale in colour, in any case. The raised cover slip does not permit the use of oil immersion.��� Consequently, Wallwork (1977 b; his Fig. 8) illustrated the prodorsal setae much shorter than they really are, and setae le as smooth rather than barbed. The lectotype has lost both setae cp and most setae from the caudal apophyses and the right notogastral margin. The gender of the lectotype was not specified, but its length (1391 ��m) falls within the range of the male specimens in the present study. Despite Wallwork���s caution, Łochyńska (2008) used the artefactually short setae le and in to differentiate C. unguifera from C. longisetosa Łochyńska, 2008. However, setae d 2, e 2 and f 2 of the latter species appear to be longer than those of C. unguifera illustrated herein. Both species have barbed caudal setae. Michael (1908) recorded C. unguifera from ���Fielding��� [Feilding] and ���Maunga Karetu��� [Maungakaretu], based on material he received from Edwin Bostock. Colloff & Cameron (2009) gave details of the origin and localities of Michael���s (1908) oribatid material (cf. also Baker & Colloff 2006), including mention that Bostock���s samples also included four adults of Holonothrus pulcher Hammer, 1966, labelled ���Maunga Karetu [Whangaehu Valley], NZ. J.W.B. Collection 4.2.92 ���. Ramsay (1958) included a manuscript description of ��� Acronothrus zealandicus sp. nov. ��� from The Brothers island group, Cook Strait (cf. also Ramsay 1962), but the species was never published and the name is unavailable. An examination of Ramsay���s description indicates his species is without doubt Crotonia unguifera. The elongated setae cp, the morphology of the caudal apophyses and the barbed caudal setae are identical to those in the present supplementary description., Published as part of Colloff, Matthew J., 2015, The Crotonia fauna of New Zealand revisited (Acari: Oribatida): taxonomy, phylogeny, ecological distribution and biogeography, pp. 1-29 in Zootaxa 3947 (1) on pages 8-10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/288324, {"references":["Michael, A. D. (1908) Unrecorded Acari from New Zealand. Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology), 30, 134 - 149.","Ramsay, G. W. (1958) The Oribatei of The Brothers, Cook Strait, New Zealand. Unpublished PhD thesis, Victoria University of Wellington, 383 pp.","Wallwork, J. A. (1977 b) On the genus Crotonia Thorell 1876 (Acari: Cryptostigmata). Acarologia, 19, 513 - 539.","Luxton, M. (1985) Cryptostigmata (Arachnida: Acari) - a concise review. Fauna of New Zealand, 7, 1 - 106.","Colloff, M. J. (2010 b) The Gondwanan relict oribatid genus Crotonia (Acari: Oribatida: Crotoniidae) from rainforests in Queensland and Northern New South Wales: new species show a mixed pattern of short-range and long-range endemism. Zootaxa, 2649, 1 - 51.","Colloff, M. J. & Cameron, S. L. (2009) Revision of the oribatid mite genus Austronothrus Hammer (Acari: Oribatida): sexual dimorphism and a re-evaluation of the phylogenetic relationships of the family Crotoniidae. Invertebrate Systematics, 23, 87 - 110. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 08032","Baker, R. A. & Colloff, M. J. (2006) Albert Davidson Michael (1836 - 1927) and his wife Anne, partners in acarology and microscopy. Quekett Journal of Microscopy, 40, 229 - 242.","Hammer, M. (1966) Investigations on the Oribatid fauna of New Zealand. Part I. Biologiske Skrifter det Kongelige Dansk Videnskabernes Selskab, 15 (2), 1 - 108.","Ramsay, G. W. (1962) New Zealand Oribatei-Abstract. New Zealand Entomologist, 3, 24 - 25."]}

Key to species of Crotonia from New Zealand (including Campbell Island) This key applies to males and females. 1. Caudal apophyses f 1, h 1, h 2 and h 3 short, only slightly longer than wide, subequal in length, projecting dorsally from rounded caudal margin............................................................ Lanceolata group… C. brevicornuta - With caudal apophyses not as above....................................................................... 2 2. Caudal apophyses bilaterally separated, h 2 2–5 × longer than other caudal setae.................... Cophinaria group... 3 - With caudal apophyses on median stalk or, if separate, h 2 not markedly longer than others............................ 4 3. Caudal apophyses of seta h 2 long, ca. 4–5´length of that of h 1........................................ C. cophinaria - Caudal apophyses of seta h 2 short, ca. 2´length of that of h 1....................................... C. brachyrostrum 4. Notogastral margins discrete; suprapleural suture (hyaline strip) present.......................................... 5 - Notogastral margins diffuse, suprapleural suture absent.......................................... Obtecta group… 9 5. Notogastral shield narrow, sides parallel..................................................... Unguifera group… 6 - Notogastral shield broad, sides convex, cuticle reticulate.............................. Flagellata group… C. reticulata 6. Suprapleural suture extending to point between setae e 2 and f 2........................................ C. cervicorna - Suprapleural suture extending as far as seta f 2 or posterior thereof................................................ 7 7. Notogastral setae d 2-3, e 2 and f 2 relatively long; at least as long as half the distance between bases of adjacent setae................................................................................................... C. longisetosa - Notogastral setae d 2-3, e 2 and f 2 very short; less than a quarter of the distance between bases of adjacent setae............. 8 8. Lamellar and caudal setae barbed................................................................ C. unguifera - Lamellar and caudal setae smooth......................................................... C. ramsayi sp. nov. 9. Notogastral shield heavily tuberculate.......................................................... C. tuberculata - Notogastral shield not heavily tuberculate................................................................. 10 10. Seta h 2 in cup-shaped apophysis.................................................................. C. cupulata - Seta h 2 on apex of cylindrical or swollen apophysis.......................................................... 11 11. Apophysis of seta h 2 swollen apically............................................................ C. longibulba - Apophysis of seta h 2 not swollen apically.................................................................. 12 12. Caudal apophyses on median stalk some distance from notogastral margin................................ C. caudalis - Caudal apophyses not on median stalk, on notogastral margin........................................... C. obtecta

Colloff, Matthew J. (2015): The Crotonia fauna of New Zealand revisited (Acari: Oribatida): taxonomy, phylogeny, ecological distribution and biogeography. Zootaxa 3947 (1): 1-29, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3947.1.1

Crotonia caudalis (Hammer, 1966) (Figs. 4, 7 c) Acronothrus caudalis Hammer, 1966, p. 33, Fig. 40. Crotonia caudalis (Hammer, 1966):��� Luxton 1982, p. 255, Figs. 7���9. Crotonia caudalis (Hammer, 1966):��� Luxton 1985, p. 30. Dimensions. Females: mean length (n = 5) 1841 ��m (range 1792���1895 ��m); mean breadth 1018 ��m (range 922��� 1069 ��m). Males: mean length (n = 3) 1536 ��m (range 1472���1575 ��m); mean breadth 802 ��m (range 742���896 ��m). Mean ratio of length of prodorsum to total length: 0.31 Female. Prodorsum: rostrum prominent; rostral setae (ro) 47 ��m long, straight, spiniform, smooth (Fig. 4 a). Lamellar setae (le) 304 ��m, recurved, smooth. Lamellar apophyses 140 ��m long, straight, tubular, divergent, as long as mutual distance; extending as far as apices of rostral setae. Interlamellar apophyses twice as long as broad; interlamellar setae (in) 425 ��m long, slender, smooth, flagelliform, extending as far as curve of lamellar setae. Prodorsal ridges short (101 ��m). Diameter of bothridium 54 ��m; anteriolateral auriculate ridge broad, U-shaped, with a series of fine, blunt spine-like structures laterally, with an anterior fovea (Fig. 7 c); hexagonal reticulations of operculum sparingly ornamented with fine ridges and with point of origin near anterior margin. Inter-bothridial ridge faint, marked by diffuse line of tubercles; median field of muscle sigilla well-developed. Prodorsal microsculpture smooth, porose. Notogaster: ratio of length to breadth 1.28; broadest at level of bases of setae e 2 (Fig. 4 a). With 13 pairs of notogastral setae; lateral ones smooth, caudal ones barbed. Dorsosejugal suture simple, slightly convex, complete. Pre-notogastral shield with rounded lateral margins, waisted posterior of setae c 3, fused with notogastral shield: transverse hyaline strip absent. Seta c 1 460 ��m long, on well-developed apophyses, flagelliform, smooth, extending almost to bases of lamellar apophyses. Seta c 3 273 ��m long, extending only as far as bothridia. Hysterosoma bulbous, inflated, lozenge-shaped. Notogastral shield fused with lateral notogastral plates: lateral hyaline strip (suprapleural scissure) absent. Notogastral shield with sparse tubercles anterior of setae cp, otherwise smooth; margins of shield marked by narrow strip of small tubercles extending posteriorly as far as seta f 2 and anteriorly as far as seta cp. Lateral setae and lyrifissures im and ip positioned on broad, smooth strip of cuticle bordered laterally by an additional narrow strip of tubercles. Seta cp flagelliform, 172 ��m long, reflexed; f 2 and e 2 shorter than cp, sub-equal in length (102���140 ��m). Seta d 2 very long (320 ��m), flagelliform, setiform; on short tubercles 98 ��m apart. Opisthonotal gland opening gla positioned anterior of f 2. Caudal apophyseal cluster bilateral, but close together (55 ��m apart) on projecting medial stalk. Apophysis of seta h 2 longer than others (62 ��m), parallel, directed posteriorly; caudal margin between them transverse. Apophysis of seta f 1 short, subequal in length to those of h 1 and h 3 (31���43 ��m), directed posteriolaterally. Apophysis of seta h 1 directed posteriorly, base fused with dorsal surface of apophysis of seta h 2. Apophysis of seta h 3 ventral of others, directed posteriolaterally. All caudal setae barbed; f 1, h 1 and h 3 sub-equal in length (70���94 ��m), seta h 2 slightly longer than others (106 ��m). Venter: epimeres porose, sparingly tuberculate along anterior margins (Fig. 4 b); epimeral setae smooth, thick, spiniform, 47���59 ��m long; formula 3 - 1-3 - 3; seta 4 b no longer than others; 3 c on well-developed tubercle. Genital plates sub-circular, posterior margin straight posteriolateral margin straight, angled obtusely to posterior margin; each plate 281 ��m long, 133 ��m broad, with eight thick, setiform setae, 39���62 ��m long; two pairs of aggenital setae, as long as genital setae. Anal plate 398 ��m long, 70 ��m broad, with three thin, setiform setae on central and posterior part of plate; three pairs of thin, setiform adanal setae. Ventral margin of notogaster surrounding anal plates U-shaped. Setae of p series smooth, curved, setiform; p 1 longer (62 ��m) and thicker than others, on short tubercles, separated by distance 3 �� width of their tubercles (Fig. 4 b). Material Examined and Locality Data. Three females, one male, litter of Olearia colensoi, Mount Wharite Ridge. 40 �� 15 'S 175 �� 51 'E, 885 m, coll. A.V. Spain, 29.x. 1966. Two males, two females, Tahurangi Hut, Mount Taranaki [Mt. Egmont], Taranaki. 39 �� 14 'S 175 �� 33 'E, 1524 m., coll. J.E. Woodward, 14.xi. 1951. Two males, soil site, Wharekaka [Martinborough], Wairarapa. 41 �� 13 'S 175 �� 28 'E, 20 m., coll. M. Luxton, 22.iv. 1965. Remarks. Crotonia caudalis can be differentiated from other members of the genus based on the following combination of characters: 1) the fusion of the pre-notogastral and notogastral plate, marked by the absence of a transverse anterior hyaline strip; 2) the fusion of the notogastral shield and the lateral notogastral plates, marked by the absence of longitudinal hyaline strips; 3) the extremely long setae d 2; 4) the long, flagelliform c series setae with c 1 longer than c 3; 5) the bifurcate caudal cluster on a short stalk; 6) the smooth lateral notogastral setae and barbed caudal setae; 7) the two longitudinal rows of tubercles on the dorsum, the median pair marking the position of the margins of the fused notogastral shield and the lateral pair separated from the medial pair by a broad smooth strip of cuticle. Crotonia caudalis is morphologically most similar to C. longibulba Luxton, 1982 from New Zealand. Both species have the caudal apophyseal cluster on a prominent stalk but in C. longibulba the apophyses of setae h 2 are elongated and inflated apically whereas in C. caudalis they are not. The description of Hammer (1966) has slightly shorter setae c 3 and d 2 than the specimens examined herein. Hammer (1966) described the caudal setae as smooth, though Luxton (1982) illustrated them as barbed. This discrepancy is probably due to differences in microscopy and microtechnique between these two workers., Published as part of Colloff, Matthew J., 2015, The Crotonia fauna of New Zealand revisited (Acari: Oribatida): taxonomy, phylogeny, ecological distribution and biogeography, pp. 1-29 in Zootaxa 3947 (1) on pages 10-12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/288324, {"references":["Hammer, M. (1966) Investigations on the Oribatid fauna of New Zealand. Part I. Biologiske Skrifter det Kongelige Dansk Videnskabernes Selskab, 15 (2), 1 - 108.","Luxton, M. (1982) Species of the genus Crotonia (Acari: Cryptostigmata) from New Zealand. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 76, 243 - 271. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1982. tb 02183. x","Luxton, M. (1985) Cryptostigmata (Arachnida: Acari) - a concise review. Fauna of New Zealand, 7, 1 - 106."]}

Crotonia brachyrostrum (Hammer, 1966) (Figs. 5, 7 d) Acronothrus brachyrostrum Hammer, 1966, p. 31, Fig. 39. Crotonia brachyrostrum (Hammer, 1966):��� Luxton 1982, p. 247. Dimensions. Females: mean length (n = 15) 932 ��m (range 853���995 ��m); mean breadth 501 ��m (range 480���530 ��m). Males: mean length (n = 19) 834 ��m (range 793���874 ��m); mean breadth 424 ��m (range 389���464 ��m). Mean ratio of length of prodorsum to total length: 0.32. Female. Prodorsum: rostrum well-developed, with very prominent naso, lateral edges incurved; rostral setae (ro) 31 ��m, spiniform, smooth (Fig. 5 a). Lamellar setae (le) 252 ��m, recurved, smooth, flagelliform. Lamellar apophyses 88 ��m, just over half as long as their mutual distance; extending anteriorly beyond apices of rostral setae. Interlamellar apophyses three times as long as broad; interlamellar setae (in) slender, 263 ��m, flagelliform, smooth; extending anteriorly as far as arc of lamellar setae. Prodorsal ridges extending half the distance between interlamellar and lamellar apophyses. Diameter of bothridium 40 ��m. Anteriolateral ridge of bothridium elongated, curved, sub-conical, with three lobed ridges (Fig. 7 d). Inter-bothridial ridge and median field of muscle sigilla well-developed. Prodorsum porose. Notogaster: ratio of length to breadth 1.36; broadest at level of setae e 2 (Fig. 5 a). Dorsosejugal suture discrete, simple. With 13 pairs of smooth notogastral setae. Pre-notogastral shield rectangular, bearing setiform setae c 1 75 ��m long, and separated from notogastral shield by transverse hyaline strip. Apophyses of setae c 3 prominent, 28 ��m long, at least twice as long as broad; setae c 3 flagelliform, 309 ��m long, extending as far as bases of lamellar apophyses. Dorsal notogaster flat, almost at right angles to lateral plates, lateral margins more-or-less parallel. Notogastral shield discrete, porose; bordered laterally by narrow strip of small tubercles extending posteriorly as far as caudal cluster. Lateral hyaline strip (suprapleural scissure) relatively broad, well developed, bearing tubercles of setae cp, e 2 and f 1. Tubercles of setae f 2 long (31 ��m) prominent, projecting beyond lateral margin. Seta f 2 103 ��m long; cp 52 ��m; e 2 72 ��m. Seta d 2 short (26 ��m), setiform, their bases 175 ��m apart. Opisthonotal gland gla slightly anterior of f 2. Caudal apophyseal cluster bilateral, separate: 78 ��m apart; caudal margin between them transverse. Caudal region rounded, U-shaped. Setae f 1 93 ��m long, their apophyses projecting posteriolaterally, slightly separated from, and parallel with, those of h 1. Apophysis of seta h 2 72 ��m long, twice length of that of h 1, slightly incurved; seta h 2 100 ��m long; apophyses of setae h 3 ventral to, and parallel of, those of h 1. Venter: epimeres porose (Fig. 5 b); epimeral setae smooth, spiniform, sub-equal 26���37 ��m long; formula 3 - 1-3 - 3. Genital plates sub-circular; posterior margin straight posteriolateral margin straight, angled obtusely to posterior margin; each plate 170 ��m long, 108 ��m broad with eight setiform setae; two pairs of aggenital setae, subequal in length to genital setae. Anal plate 52 ��m broad, 222 ��m long with three spiniform setae on posterior half of anal plate; three pairs of adanal setae ad 2-3 setiform, ad 1 spiniform, longer and thicker than others. Ventral margin of notogaster surrounding anal plates V-shaped. Setae of p series smooth, curved, setiform, p 3 31 ��m, p 2 41 ��m, p 1 36 ��m, on short tubercles; setae p 1 separated by distance twice the width of their tubercles. Material Examined and Locality Data. Fifteen females, 19 males, under Nothofagus truncatus, Canaan Track, Caanan Downs Scenic Reserve, Abel Tasman National Park, Nelson, 40 �� 52 'S 172 �� 54 'E, 530 m., coll. M. Luxton, 15.v. 1965. Remarks. Crotonia brachyrostrum can be differentiated from other members of the genus based on the following combination of characters: 1) the smooth prodorsal and notogastral setae; 2) the elongated, curved, subconical anteriolateral ridge of the bothridium; 3) the relatively short apophyses of setae h 2, no longer than twice the length of those of h 1; 4) apophyses of setae f 1 are separated from those of h 1; 5) the U-shaped caudal region, broadening posteriorly, broadest at the level of setae e 2; 6) the prominent apophysis of seta f 2, as long as those of f 1 and almost as long as those of h 1; 7) setae c 1 and e 2 are sub-equal in length and longer than cp. Crotonia brachyrostrum is morphologically most similar to C. norfolkensis Colloff, 2010 from Norfolk Island. Both C. norfolkensis and C. brachyrostrum have well-developed setae c 3; the apophyses of setae h 2 are relatively short, parallel or converging apically; apophyses of f 1 are separate and those of h 3 shorter than the others and not visible dorsally; the relatively short setae p 1; and setae e 2 are shorter than f 2. Crotonia brachyrostrum differs from C. norfolkensis in that the caudal region is rounded and U-shaped, rather than acute and sub-rectangular and the region between apophyses of setae h 2 is U-shaped rather than transverse; setae d 2 are longer and the anteriolateral ridge of the bothridium is elongated and sub-conical, rather than a blunt D-shaped lobe, and the epimeral setal formula is 3 - 1-3 - 3 rather than 3 - 1-4 - 3. Hammer (1966) differentiated C. brachyrostrum from C. cophinaria based on a shorter, broader rostrum in ventral view; a strongly-developed interbothridial ridge; a partial dorsosejugal suture; a much shorter seta c 3; the medial caudal margin is U-shaped rather than square and the apophyses of setae h 2 are straight and slightly converging rather than curved and diverging. The material of C. brachyrostrum examined here is consistent with Hammer���s description regarding the interbothridial ridge (it is weakly-developed or absent in C. cophinaria) and caudal apophyses, but setae c 3 are longer, the dorsosejugal margin is complete and the shape of the caudal margin is variable. However, there are a number of additional characters that differentiate the two species. In C. brachyrostrum the caudal setae are smooth and seta f 1 is reflexed, as long as seta h 1 and h 3, and on thin, curved, tubular apophyses at least twice as long as broad. The apophysis of seta h 2 is only twice the length of that of h 1. In C. cophinaria, the caudal setae are barbed; seta f 1 is straight and half the length of seta h 1 and h 3 and a similar length and shape to seta h 2. The apophysis of seta h 2 is at least 5 �� the length of that of h 1. In addition, the shape of the bothridial anteriolateral ridge is completely different between the two species (Fig. 7 d, e) and females of C. cophinaria are much larger: 1100���1300 ��m long, 630���700 ��m broad, compared with female C. brachyrostrum: 790���875 ��m long, 390���465 ��m broad. Luxton (1982) made C. brachyrostrum a junior synonym of C. cophinaria (Michael, 1908) on the basis that ���The differences from C. cophinaria noted by Hammer (1966) for C. brachyrostrum are readily encompassed by the obvious variability seen between individuals and do not appear to warrant separate specific status.��� Luxton���s (1982) decision was not accepted by Colloff (2009 a) because it was not based on an examination of type material and the morphological differences between the two are more than can be explained by intra-species variation. This view is confirmed by the additional characters listed above that can be used consistently to differentiate the two species., Published as part of Colloff, Matthew J., 2015, The Crotonia fauna of New Zealand revisited (Acari: Oribatida): taxonomy, phylogeny, ecological distribution and biogeography, pp. 1-29 in Zootaxa 3947 (1) on pages 12-14, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/288324, {"references":["Hammer, M. (1966) Investigations on the Oribatid fauna of New Zealand. Part I. Biologiske Skrifter det Kongelige Dansk Videnskabernes Selskab, 15 (2), 1 - 108.","Luxton, M. (1982) Species of the genus Crotonia (Acari: Cryptostigmata) from New Zealand. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 76, 243 - 271. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1982. tb 02183. x","Michael, A. D. (1908) Unrecorded Acari from New Zealand. Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology), 30, 134 - 149.","Colloff, M. J. (2009 a) New species of Crotonia (Acari: Oribatida) from Tasmanian Rainforest, and the habitat preferences of Crotoniidae. Zootaxa, 2027, 43 - 54."]}

Crotonia cophinaria (Michael, 1908) (Figs. 6, 7 e) Nothrus cophinarius Michael, 1908, p. 142, pl. 19, Figs. 13���16. Acronothrus cophinarius (Mich.):��� Hammer 1966, p. 30, Fig. 38. Crotonia cophinaria (Mich., 1908): Wallwork 1977 b, p. 515, Figs. 1���5. Crotonia cophinaria (Michael, 1908):��� Luxton 1982, p. 247, Figs. 1, 2. Acronothrus brachyrostrum Hammer, 1966:��� Luxton 1982, p. 247. Dimensions. Female length 1240 ��m, breadth 679 ��m (n = 1). Ratio of length of prodorsum to total length: 0.3. Female. Prodorsum: rostrum well-developed, with prominent naso; rostral setae (ro) 34 ��m long, spiniform, smooth (Fig. 6 a). Lamellar setae (le) 218 ��m long, recurved, sparingly barbed, flagelliform apically. Lamellar apophyses 126 ��m long, diverging, almost as long as their mutual distance; extending anteriorly beyond apices of rostral setae. Interlamellar apophyses three times as long as broad; interlamellar setae (in) well-developed, 344 ��m long, flagelliform apically, smooth; extending beyond arc of lamellar setae. Prodorsal ridges extending two-thirds of the distance between interlamellar and lamellar apophyses. Diameter of bothridium 42 ��m. Anteriolateral ridge of bothridium elongated, broadly conical, with one lobed ridge (Fig. 7 e). Inter-bothridial ridge very faint or absent; median field of muscle sigilla well-developed. Prodorsum porose. Notogaster: ratio of length to breadth 1.55; broadest at level of setae e 2 (Fig. 6 a). Dorsosejugal suture discrete, simple. With 13 pairs of notogastral setae; lateral ones smooth, caudal ones barbed. Pre-notogastral shield rectangular, separated from notogastral shield by transverse hyaline strip bearing setiform setae c 1 (57 ��m long). Apophyses of setae c 3 prominent, 29 ��m long, at least twice as long as broad; setae c 3 flagelliform apically, 258 ��m long, extending beyond bases of lamellar apophyses. Dorsal notogaster flat, almost at right angles to lateral notogastral plates, lateral margins more-or-less parallel, posterior region curved, acute. Notogastral shield porose, discrete, margins oval; bordered laterally by narrow strip of small tubercles extending posteriorly to between setae f 1 and f 2. Lateral hyaline strip (suprapleural scissure) relatively broad, well developed, bearing tubercles of setae cp, e 2 and f 1. Tubercles of setae f 2 short (17 ��m), projecting just beyond lateral margin. Seta f 2 curved, 52 ��m long; cp 103 ��m; e 2 86 ��m. Seta d 2 minute (22 ��m), setiform, bases of d 2 180 ��m apart. Opisthonotal gland gla slightly anterior of f 2. Caudal apophyseal cluster bilateral, separate: 93 ��m apart; caudal margin between them Ushaped. Caudal region elongate, V-shaped. Seta f 1 81 ��m long, barbed, their apophyses projecting laterally or posteriolaterally, well separated from those of h 1. Apophysis of seta h 2 126 ��m, 5 �� length of that of h 1, diverging apically. Seta h 2 80 ��m long; apophyses of setae h 3 ventral to, and parallel of, those of h 1. Venter: epimeres porose (Fig. 6 b); epimeral setae smooth, spiniform, sub-equal 17���29 ��m long; formula 3 - 1-3 - 3. Genital plates sub-circular; posterior margin straight posteriolateral margin straight, angled obtusely to posterior margin; each plate 218 ��m long, 132 ��m broad with eight setiform setae; two pairs of aggenital setae, subequal in length to genital setae. Anal plate 40 ��m broad, 293 ��m long with three spiniform setae on central and posterior half of anal plate; three pairs of adanal setae ad 2-3 setiform, ad 1 spiniform, longer and thicker than others. Ventral margin of notogaster surrounding anal plates V-shaped. Setae of p series smooth, curved, setiform, p 3 46 ��m, p 2 34 ��m, p 1 52 ��m, on short tubercles; setae p 1 separated by distance 3 �� the width of their tubercles. Material examined and locality data. One adult, litter of Olearia colensoi, Mount Wharite Ridge, 40 �� 15 'S 175 �� 51 'E, 885 m., coll. A.V. Spain, 29.x. 1966. Remarks. Crotonia cophinaria can be differentiated from other members of the genus based on the following combination of characters: 1) the elongated, broadly conical anteriolateral ridge of the bothridium, with one lobed ridge; 2) setae cp and e 2 are sub-equal in length and longer than c 1; 3) the curved, acute posterior region of the notogastral plate; 4) the very short setae d 2, their bases further apart than the distance between setae c 1; 5) the barbed setae f 2 and caudal setae; 6) the very long, prominent apophyses of setae h 2, five times the length of those of h 1 and diverging apically; 7) apophyses of setae f 1 are separated from those of h 1. Crotonia cophinaria is morphologically most similar to Australian members of the Cophinaria species group: C. pyemaireneri Colloff, 2009 from Tasmania, C. momitoi Colloff & Perdomo, 2009 from Victoria and C. jethurmerae Lee 1985 from South Australia. These species share the barbed caudal setae of the h series and f 1, but C. jethurmerae and C. momitoi have much longer setae c 1 and C. momitoi has much longer setae d 2. Crotonia cophinaria differs from C. pyemaireneri in having strongly diverging apophyses of seta h 2, rather than strongly incurved ones; very short setae f 2 and cp, whereas in C. pyemaireneri these setae are longer than c 3. Differences between C. cophinaria, based on the supplementary description by Luxton (1982) and C. brachyrostrum have been detailed above (cf. Remarks section for C. brachyrostrum). Wallwork (1977 b) redescribed C. cophinaria, designated a lectotype and commented on discrepancies between the description by Michael (1908), the supplementary description of Hammer (1966) and his own redescription. The same limitations apply to his redescription of C. cophinaria as to that of C. unguifera because of Michael���s use of Canada Balsam mountant (cf. Remarks section for that species above). Wallwork (1997 b, his Fig. 1) illustrated the prodorsal setae much shorter and thicker than they really are, and the caudal setae are covered in the tritonymphal cerotegument and illustrated as smooth rather than barbed. The lectotype has lost both setae c 1. Wallwork (1977 b) considered that Michael���s specimen from Maungakaretu may represent a subspecies. It differs from the lectotype in that the notogaster is entirely tuberculate, the lamellar apophyses are half as long as their mutual distance and the apophyses of setae h 1 are fused to the base of h 2., Published as part of Colloff, Matthew J., 2015, The Crotonia fauna of New Zealand revisited (Acari: Oribatida): taxonomy, phylogeny, ecological distribution and biogeography, pp. 1-29 in Zootaxa 3947 (1) on pages 14-16, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/288324, {"references":["Michael, A. D. (1908) Unrecorded Acari from New Zealand. Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology), 30, 134 - 149.","Hammer, M. (1966) Investigations on the Oribatid fauna of New Zealand. Part I. Biologiske Skrifter det Kongelige Dansk Videnskabernes Selskab, 15 (2), 1 - 108.","Wallwork, J. A. (1977 b) On the genus Crotonia Thorell 1876 (Acari: Cryptostigmata). Acarologia, 19, 513 - 539.","Luxton, M. (1982) Species of the genus Crotonia (Acari: Cryptostigmata) from New Zealand. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 76, 243 - 271. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1982. tb 02183. x","Colloff, M. J. & Perdomo, G. (2009) New species of Crotonia (Acari: Oribatida: Camisiidae) from temperate rainforests and wet sclerophyll forests in Victoria, Australia, with a redescription of the fossil species Crotonia ramus (Womersley, 1957). Zootaxa, 2217, 1 - 36.","Lee, D. C. (1985) Sarcoptiformes (Acari) of South Australian soils. 4. Primitive oribate mites (Cryptostigmata) with an extensive, unfissured hysteronotal shield and aptychoid. Records of the South Australian Museum, 19, 39 - 67."]}

Crotonia ramsayi sp. nov. (Figs. 1, 2 a, 7 a) Dimensions. Holotype female length 1366 ��m, breadth 656 ��m; paratype females (n = 8) mean length 1387 ��m (range 1303���1449 ��m); mean breadth 712 ��m (range 600���782 ��m); paratype males (n = 8) mean length 1167 ��m (range 1130���1212 ��m), mean breadth 554 (range 498���581 ��m). Ratio of length of prodorsum to total length: 0.27 (holotype). Female. Prodorsum: rostrum prominent, lateral edges incurved; rostral setae (ro) 30 ��m long, straight, spiniform, smooth (Fig. 1 a). Lamellar setae (le) 248 ��m, recurved, smooth. Lamellar apophyses 79 ��m long, straight, tubular, more-or-less parallel, less than half as long as mutual distance; extending anteriorly as far as apices of rostral setae. Interlamellar apophyses twice as long as broad; interlamellar setae (in) 266 ��m long, slender, smooth, flagelliform, extending anteriorly just beyond apices of lamellar apophyses. Prodorsal ridges short (42 ��m), barely developed. Diameter of bothridium 46 ��m; anteriolateral auriculate ridge relatively narrow, with three blunt projections anteriorly, blunt lateral spine and posterior projection (Fig. 7 a); hexagonal reticulations of operculum sparingly ornamented with well-developed ridges and with point of origin near lateral margin. Interbothridial ridge a faint shallow curve without median invagination. Median field of muscle sigilla present. Prodorsal microsculpture smooth, porose. Notogaster: ratio of length to breadth 1.48; broadest between bases of setae cp and e 2 (Fig. 1 a). Dorsosejugal suture simple, incomplete, with sparse tubercles. With 13 pairs of smooth notogastral setae. Pre-notogastral shield broader than notogastral shield, with rounded lateral margins; waisted at junction with notogastral shield, junction marked by transverse hyaline strip bearing long (441 ��m), flagelliform setae c 1 on well-developed tubercles. Apophyses of setae c 3 prominent, 33 ��m, at least twice as long as broad; setae c 3 flagelliform, 382 ��m long, recurved. Hysterosoma bulbous, inflated, lozenge-shaped. Notogastral shield elongated with slightly convex lateral margins, porose medially; bordered laterally by narrow strips of small tubercles extending posteriorly as far as lyrifissure ip. Lateral hyaline strip (suprapleural scissure) well developed, thin, bearing squat tubercles of setae cp, e 2 and f 2, extending posteriorly as far as lyrifissure ip. With narrow, porose strip lateral of hyaline strip bearing lyrifissure im, extending from posterior of seta cp to lyrifissure ip; lateral notogastral plates tuberculate. Setae cp, e 2 and f 2 short, curved, sub-equal in length (36���48 ��m). Setae d 2 short (37 ��m), thin, straight, setiform; bases 109 ��m apart. Opisthonotal gland opening gla positioned anterior of f 2. Caudal apophyseal cluster bilateral, not on medial stalk; apophyses of seta h 2 longest, parallel, directed posteriorly, apices slightly bulbous (Fig. 2 a); caudal margin between them transverse. Apophysis of setae f 1 directed posteriodorsally, h 1 directed posteriorly; apophyses short, parallel, slightly bulbous, adjacent, emerging from caudal margin dorsal of apophyses of setae h 2. Apophyses of setae h 3 subequal to those of f 1 and h 1; anterior, ventral and lateral of them. Setae f 1 66 ��m long, flagelliform; h 1 42 ��m long, setiform; h 2 60 ��m long, spiniform, sparingly barbed; h 3 33 ��m long, setiform. Venter: epimeres porose (Fig. 1 b); epimeral setae except 4 b smooth, thin, setiform, 27���36 ��m long; formula 3 - 1-3 - 3; seta 4 b longer than others (62 ��m), spiniform, 3 c on well-developed tubercle. Genital plates sub-circular, posterior margin straight, posteriolateral margin straight, angled obtusely to posterior margin; each plate 217 ��m long, 121 ��m broad, with eight thin, setiform setae, 24���36 ��m long; two pairs of aggenital setae, subequal in length to genital setae. Anal plate 314 ��m long, 48 ��m broad, with three thin, setiform setae on central and posterior part of plate; three pairs of thin, setiform adanal setae. Ventral margin of notogaster surrounding anal plates V-shaped. Setae of p series smooth, thin, setiform, p 3 25 ��m, p 2 23 ��m, p 1 48 ��m, on short tubercles; setae p 1 separated by distance 3��width of their tubercles (Fig. 1 b). Type designation, material examined and locality data. Holotype female, eight paratype females, eight paratype males, Coprosoma cyanthoides litter, Dun Mountain Track, Nelson, 41 �� 19 'S 173 �� 19 'E, 610 m., coll. G.W. Ramsay, 7.iii. 1972. Holotype and paratypes deposited in the New Zealand Arthropod Collection, Landcare Research, Auckland. Etymology. This species is named in honour of its collector, Graeme W. Ramsay. Remarks. Crotonia ramsayi sp. nov. can be differentiated from other members of the genus based on the following combination of characters: 1) the prominent naso; 2) the thin, parallel lamellar apophyses, extending beyond the rostral setae; 3) the bothridial ridge with several blunt projections; 4) the broad pre-notogastral shield, waisted at its junction with notogastral shield and separated by a transverse hyaline strip; 5) the two pairs of very long, smooth c setae; 6) the smooth lateral notogastral setae, sub-equal in length, 7) the relatively narrow notogastral plate, with marginal rows of tubercles and bounded by a thin hyaline strip with a broader strip laterally; 8) the bilateral caudal apophyseal cluster, joined basally, with smooth setae; 9) the apically bulbous apophysis of seta h 2; 10) the long spiniform epimeral seta 4 b; 11) the eight pairs of thin genital setae. Crotonia ramsayi sp. nov. is a member of the Unguifera species-group. It is morphologically most similar to C. unguifera (cf. below) with which it shares the prominent naso, the transverse hyaline strip separating the narrow notogastral shield from the broader pre-notogastral shield, waisted at the junction; the flagelliform c setae and the short, bilateral caudal apophyseal cluster. It differs in that the lamellar and caudal setae are smooth rather than barbed; the bothridial ridge is angled and with several blunt projections, rather than being rounded and crenellated; the lateral notogastral setae are sub-equal in length, rather than with cp considerably longer than the others and apophyses of setae f 1 are not joined to those of h 1, point posteriodorsally, are medial of those of h 2, rather than pointing dorsolaterally and positioned lateral of apophyses of h 2. The notogastral plate of C. ramsayi is narrow with convex margins, whereas in C. unguifera the margins are more-or-less parallel. Also, setae 4 b of C. ramsayi are much longer and thicker than those of C. unguifera and the genital setae are thin and setiform, rather than thick and spiniform and setae p 1 are smooth and closer together., Published as part of Colloff, Matthew J., 2015, The Crotonia fauna of New Zealand revisited (Acari: Oribatida): taxonomy, phylogeny, ecological distribution and biogeography, pp. 1-29 in Zootaxa 3947 (1) on pages 5-7, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/288324

The morphology of juvenile and adult stages of the Neotropical oribatid mite Crotonia pulcher (Beck, 1962) from Ecuador is described and illustrated. This species seems to be a member of the cophinaria group of Crotonia .

Fischer, Barbara M., Schatz, Heinrich (2013): Biodiversity of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) along an altitudinal gradient in the Central Alps. Zootaxa 3626 (4): 429-454, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3626.4.2

Crotoniidae Thorell, 1876 Camisia biurus (C.L. Koch, 1839) Distribution: Holarctic Habitat: preferably in dry meadows and bushland Obergurgl area: pine forest at 2050 m (Zirbenwald) Camisia spinifer (C.L. Koch, 1835) Distribution: Holarctic, Oriental and Neotropical regions Habitat: coniferous forests, also arboricolous Obergurgl area: pine forest at 2050 m (Zirbenwald), Nardetum at 2300 m (Sch��nwieskopf); previous studies: 1960���1980 m (hay meadow), pine forest at 2050 m (Zirbenwald) Platynothrus peltifer (C.L. Koch, 1839) Distribution: Holarctic, New Zealand Habitat: euryoecious, preferably in moister habitats Obergurgl area: pine forest at 2050 m (Zirbenwald); previous studies: 1960���1980 m (hay meadow), pine forest at 2050 m (Zirbenwald), 2100 m (dwarf shrub community), 2230 m (alpine meadows with lichen communities) Nomenclatural remark: Heminothrus (Platynothrus) peltifer (Koch, 1839) according to Sub��as (2012), Published as part of Fischer, Barbara M. & Schatz, Heinrich, 2013, Biodiversity of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) along an altitudinal gradient in the Central Alps, pp. 429-454 in Zootaxa 3626 (4) on page 436, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3626.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/216337

Crotonia carioca Colloff, 2009: 8 — Holotype male (NHM), Orchids. Dec 1888 C Balsam, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Published as part of LIU, DONG, YI, TIAN-CI, XU, YUN & ZHANG, ZHI-QIANG, 2013, new mite species described during 2007 to 2012 3663, pp. 1-102 in Zootaxa 3663 (1) on page 71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3663.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5630595, {"references":["Colloff, M. J. & Perdomo, G. (2009) New species of Crotonia (Acari, Oribatida, Camisiidae) from Nothofagus and Eucalyptus forests in Victoria, Australia, with a redescription of the fossil species Crotonia ramus (Womersley, 1957). Zootaxa, 2217, 1 - 36."]}