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1. Faint objects in motion: the new frontier of high precision astrometry

Author

Malbet, Fabien, Boehm, Céline, Krone-Martins, Alberto, Amorim, Antonio, Anglada-Escudé, Guillem, Brandeker, Alexis, Courbin, Frédéric, Enßlin, Torsten, Falcão, Antonio, Freese, Katherine, Holl, Berry, Labadie, Lucas, Léger, Alain, Mamon, Gary, Mcarthur, Barbara, Mora, Alcione, Shao, Mike, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Spolyar, Douglas, Villaver, Eva, Abbas, Ummi, Albertus, Conrado, Alves, João, Barnes, Rory, Bonomo, Aldo Stefano, Bouy, Hervé, Brown, Warren, Cardoso, Vitor, Castellani, Marco, Chemin, Laurent, Clark, Hamish, Correia, Alexandre, Crosta, Mariateresa, Crouzier, Antoine, Damasso, Mario, Darling, Jeremy, Davies, Melvyn, Diaferio, Antonaldo, Fortin, Morgane, Fridlund, Malcolm, Gai, Mario, Garcia, Paulo, Gnedin, Oleg, Goobar, Ariel, Gordo, Paulo, Goullioud, Renaud, Hall, David, Hambly, Nigel, Harrison, Diana, Hobbs, David, Holland, Andrew, Høg, Erik, Jordi, Carme, Klioner, Sergei, Lançon, Ariane, Laskar, Jacques, Lattanzi, Mario, Poncin-Lafitte, Christophe Le, Luri, Xavier, Michalik, Daniel, de Almeida, André Moitinho, Mourão, Ana, Moustakas, Leonidas, Murray, Neil, Muterspaugh, Matthew, Oertel, Micaela, Ostorero, Luisa, Portell, Jordi, Prost, Jean-Pierre, Quirrenbach, Andreas, Schneider, Jean, Scott, Pat, Siebert, Arnaud, Da Silva, Antonio, Silva, Manuel, Thébault, Philippe, Tomsick, John, Traub, Wesley, de Val-Borro, Miguel, Valluri, Monica, Walton, Nicholas, Watkins, Laura, White, Glenn, Wyrzykowski, Lukasz, Wyse, Rosemary, and Yamada, Yoshiyuki

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Sky survey telescopes and powerful targeted telescopes play complementary roles in astronomy. In order to investigate the nature and characteristics of the motions of very faint objects, a flexibly-pointed instrument capable of high astrometric accuracy is an ideal complement to current astrometric surveys and a unique tool for precision astrophysics. Such a space-based mission will push the frontier of precision astrometry from evidence of Earth-mass habitable worlds around the nearest stars, to distant Milky Way objects, and out to the Local Group of galaxies. As we enter the era of the James Webb Space Telescope and the new ground-based, adaptive-optics-enabled giant telescopes, by obtaining these high precision measurements on key objects that Gaia could not reach, a mission that focuses on high precision astrometry science can consolidate our theoretical understanding of the local Universe, enable extrapolation of physical processes to remote redshifts, and derive a much more consistent picture of cosmological evolution and the likely fate of our cosmos. Already several missions have been proposed to address the science case of faint objects in motion using high precision astrometry missions: NEAT proposed for the ESA M3 opportunity, micro-NEAT for the S1 opportunity, and Theia for the M4 and M5 opportunities. Additional new mission configurations adapted with technological innovations could be envisioned to pursue accurate measurements of these extremely small motions. The goal of this White Paper is to address the fundamental science questions that are at stake when we focus on the motions of faint sky objects and to briefly review instrumentation and mission profiles., Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1910.08028, arXiv:1707.01348

Published
2021
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2. Short life and abrupt death of PicSat, a small 3U CubeSat dreaming of exoplanet detection

Author

Nowak, Mathias, Lacour, Sylvestre, Crouzier, Antoine, David, Lester, Lapeyrère, Vincent, and Schworer, Guillaume

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

PicSat was a three unit CubeSat (measuring 30 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm) which was developed to monitor the beta Pictoris system. The main science objective was the detection of a possible transit of the giant planet beta Pictoris b's Hill sphere. Secondary objectives included studying the circumstellar disk, and detecting exocomets in the visible band. The mission also had a technical objective: demonstrate our ability to inject starlight in a single mode fiber, on a small satellite platform. To answer all those objectives, a dedicated opto-mechanical payload was built, and integrated in a commercial 3U platform, along with a commercial ADCS (Attitude Determination and Control System). The satellite successfully reached Low Earth Orbit on the PSLV-C40 rocket, on January, 12, 2018. Unfortunately, on March, 20, 2018, after 10 weeks of operations, the satellite fell silent, and the mission came to an early end. Furthermore, due to a failure of the ADCS, the satellite never actually pointed toward its target star during the 10 weeks of operations. In this paper, we report on the PicSat mission development process, and on the reasons why it did not deliver any useful astronomical data., Comment: 11 pages, 11 figures

Published
2019
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3. A Compact and Lightweight Fibered Photometer for the PicSat Mission

Author

Nowak, Mathias, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lapeyrère, Vicent, David, Lester, Crouzier, Antoine, Schworer, Guillaume, Perrot, Philippe, and Rayane, Sanaa

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

PicSat is a nanosatellite developed to observe the transit of the giant planet beta Pictoris b, expected in late 2017. Its science objectives are: the observation of the transit of the giant planet's Hill sphere, the detection of exocomets in the system, and the fine monitoring of the circumstellar disk inhomogeneities. To answer these objectives without exceeding the possibilities of a 3-unit Cubesat in terms of mass and power budget, a small but ambitious 2 kg opto-mechanical payload was designed. The instrument, specifically made for high precision photometry, uses a 3.5 cm effective aperture telescope which injects the light in a single-mode optical fiber linked to an avalanche photodiode. To ensure the stability of the light injection in the fiber, a fine pointing system based on a two-axis piezoelectric actuation system, is used. This system will achieve a sub-arcsecond precision, and ensure that an overall photometric precision of at least 200 ppm/hr can be reached., Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, Proceedings of the AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites, 2017, Science Mission Payloads 1, SSC17-VI-01

Published
2017

4. Theia: Faint objects in motion or the new astrometry frontier

Author

The Theia Collaboration, Boehm, Celine, Krone-Martins, Alberto, Amorim, Antonio, Anglada-Escude, Guillem, Brandeker, Alexis, Courbin, Frederic, Ensslin, Torsten, Falcao, Antonio, Freese, Katherine, Holl, Berry, Labadie, Lucas, Leger, Alain, Malbet, Fabien, Mamon, Gary, McArthur, Barbara, Mora, Alcione, Shao, Michael, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Spolyar, Douglas, Villaver, Eva, Albertus, Conrado, Bertone, Stefano, Bouy, Herve, Boylan-Kolchin, Michael, Brown, Anthony, Brown, Warren, Cardoso, Vitor, Chemin, Laurent, Claudi, Riccardo, Correia, Alexandre C. M., Crosta, Mariateresa, Crouzier, Antoine, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, Damasso, Mario, da Silva, Antonio, Davies, Melvyn, Das, Payel, Dayal, Pratika, de Val-Borro, Miguel, Diaferio, Antonaldo, Erickcek, Adrienne, Fairbairn, Malcolm, Fortin, Morgane, Fridlund, Malcolm, Garcia, Paulo, Gnedin, Oleg, Goobar, Ariel, Gordo, Paulo, Goullioud, Renaud, Hambly, Nigel, Hara, Nathan, Hobbs, David, Hog, Erik, Holland, Andrew, Ibata, Rodrigo, Jordi, Carme, Klioner, Sergei, Kopeikin, Sergei, Lacroix, Thomas, Laskar, Jacques, Poncin-Lafitte, Christophe Le, Luri, Xavier, Majumdar, Subhabrata, Makarov, Valeri, Massey, Richard, Mennesson, Bertrand, Michalik, Daniel, de Almeida, Andre Moitinho, Mourao, Ana, Moustakas, Leonidas, Murray, Neil, Muterspaugh, Matthew, Oertel, Micaela, Ostorero, Luisa, Perez-Garcia, Angeles, Platais, Imants, de Mora, Jordi Portell i, Quirrenbach, Andreas, Randall, Lisa, Read, Justin, Regos, Eniko, Rory, Barnes, Rybicki, Krzysztof, Scott, Pat, Schneider, Jean, Scholtz, Jakub, Siebert, Arnaud, Tereno, Ismael, Tomsick, John, Traub, Wesley, Valluri, Monica, Walker, Matt, Walton, Nicholas, Watkins, Laura, White, Glenn, Evans, Dafydd Wyn, Wyrzykowski, Lukasz, and Wyse, Rosemary

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

In the context of the ESA M5 (medium mission) call we proposed a new satellite mission, Theia, based on relative astrometry and extreme precision to study the motion of very faint objects in the Universe. Theia is primarily designed to study the local dark matter properties, the existence of Earth-like exoplanets in our nearest star systems and the physics of compact objects. Furthermore, about 15 $\%$ of the mission time was dedicated to an open observatory for the wider community to propose complementary science cases. With its unique metrology system and "point and stare" strategy, Theia's precision would have reached the sub micro-arcsecond level. This is about 1000 times better than ESA/Gaia's accuracy for the brightest objects and represents a factor 10-30 improvement for the faintest stars (depending on the exact observational program). In the version submitted to ESA, we proposed an optical (350-1000nm) on-axis TMA telescope. Due to ESA Technology readiness level, the camera's focal plane would have been made of CCD detectors but we anticipated an upgrade with CMOS detectors. Photometric measurements would have been performed during slew time and stabilisation phases needed for reaching the required astrometric precision., Comment: http://theia.phyip3.dur.ac.uk

Published
2017

5. NEAT: a space born astrometric mission for the detection and characterization of nearby habitable planetary systems

Author

Malbet, Fabien, Goullioud, Renaud, Lagage, Pierre-Olivier, Léger, Alain, Shao, Mike, Crouzier, Antoine, and Consortium, the NEAT

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

The NEAT (Nearby Earth Astrometric Telescope) mission is a proposal submitted to ESA for its 2010 call for M-size mission within the Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 plan. The main scientific goal of the NEAT mission is to detect and characterize planetary systems in an exhaustive way down to 1 Earth mass in the habitable zone and further away, around nearby stars for F, G, and K spectral types. This survey would provide the actual planetary masses, the full characterization of the orbits including their inclination, for all the components of the planetary system down to that mass limit. NEAT will continue the work performed by Hipparcos and Gaia by reaching a precision that is improved by two orders of magnitude on pointed targets., Comment: 17 pages, in SPIE 2012 symposium in "Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2012: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave" SPIE Conference 8442, 16

Published
2012
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6. the new frontier of high precision astrometry

Author

Malbet, Fabien, Boehm, Céline, Krone-Martins, Alberto, Amorim, Antonio, Anglada-Escudé, Guillem, Brandeker, Alexis, Courbin, Frédéric, Enßlin, Torsten, Falcão, Antonio, Freese, Katherine, Holl, Berry, Labadie, Lucas, Léger, Alain, Mamon, Gary A., McArthur, Barbara, Mora, Alcione, Shao, Mike, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Spolyar, Douglas, Villaver, Eva, Abbas, Ummi, Albertus, Conrado, Alves, João, Barnes, Rory, Bonomo, Aldo Stefano, Bouy, Hervé, Brown, Warren R., Cardoso, Vitor, Castellani, Marco, Chemin, Laurent, Clark, Hamish, Correia, Alexandre C.M., Crosta, Mariateresa, Crouzier, Antoine, Damasso, Mario, Darling, Jeremy, Davies, Melvyn B., Diaferio, Antonaldo, Fortin, Morgane, Fridlund, Malcolm, Gai, Mario, Garcia, Paulo, Gnedin, Oleg, Goobar, Ariel, Gordo, Paulo, Goullioud, Renaud, Hall, David, Hambly, Nigel, Harrison, Diana, Hobbs, David, Holland, Andrew, Høg, Erik, Jordi, Carme, Klioner, Sergei, Lançon, Ariane, Laskar, Jacques, Lattanzi, Mario, Le Poncin-Lafitte, Christophe, Luri, Xavier, Michalik, Daniel, de Almeida, André Moitinho, Mourão, Ana, Moustakas, Leonidas, Murray, Neil J., Muterspaugh, Matthew, Oertel, Micaela, Ostorero, Luisa, Portell, Jordi, Prost, Jean Pierre, Quirrenbach, Andreas, Schneider, Jean, Scott, Pat, Siebert, Arnaud, Silva, Antonio da, Silva, Manuel, Thébault, Philippe, Tomsick, John, Traub, Wesley, de Val-Borro, Miguel, Valluri, Monica, Walton, Nicholas A., White, Glenn, Watkins, Laura L., Wyrzykowski, Lukasz, Wyse, Rosemary, Yamada, Yoshiyuki, and UNINOVA-Instituto de Desenvolvimento de Novas Tecnologias

Subjects
Local universe, Space and Planetary Science, Exoplanets, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrometry, Space mission, Cosmology
Abstract

Open access funding provided by Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica within the CRUI-CARE Agreement. Publisher Copyright: © 2021, The Author(s). Sky survey telescopes and powerful targeted telescopes play complementary roles in astronomy. In order to investigate the nature and characteristics of the motions of very faint objects, a flexibly-pointed instrument capable of high astrometric accuracy is an ideal complement to current astrometric surveys and a unique tool for precision astrophysics. Such a space-based mission will push the frontier of precision astrometry from evidence of Earth-mass habitable worlds around the nearest stars, to distant Milky Way objects, and out to the Local Group of galaxies. As we enter the era of the James Webb Space Telescope and the new ground-based, adaptive-optics-enabled giant telescopes, by obtaining these high precision measurements on key objects that Gaia could not reach, a mission that focuses on high precision astrometry science can consolidate our theoretical understanding of the local Universe, enable extrapolation of physical processes to remote redshifts, and derive a much more consistent picture of cosmological evolution and the likely fate of our cosmos. Already several missions have been proposed to address the science case of faint objects in motion using high precision astrometry missions: NEAT proposed for the ESA M3 opportunity, micro-NEAT for the S1 opportunity, and Theia for the M4 and M5 opportunities. Additional new mission configurations adapted with technological innovations could be envisioned to pursue accurate measurements of these extremely small motions. The goal of this White Paper is to address the fundamental science questions that are at stake when we focus on the motions of faint sky objects and to briefly review instrumentation and mission profiles. publishersversion published

Published
2021

7. Faint objects in motion:the new frontier of high precision astrometry

Author

Malbet, Fabien, Boehm, Celine, Krone-Martins, Alberto, Amorim, Antonio, Anglada-Escude, Guillem, Brandeker, Alexis, Courbin, Frederic, Ensslin, Torsten, Falcao, Antonio, Freese, Katherine, Holl, Berry, Labadie, Lucas, Leger, Alain, Mamon, Gary A., McArthur, Barbara, Mora, Alcione, Shao, Mike, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Spolyar, Douglas, Villaver, Eva, Abbas, Ummi, Albertus, Conrado, Alves, Joao, Barnes, Rory, Bonomo, Aldo Stefano, Bouy, Herve, Brown, Warren R., Cardoso, Vitor, Castellani, Marco, Chemin, Laurent, Clark, Hamish, Correia, Alexandre C. M., Crosta, Mariateresa, Crouzier, Antoine, Damasso, Mario, Darling, Jeremy, Davies, Melvyn B., Diaferio, Antonaldo, Fortin, Morgane, Fridlund, Malcolm, Gai, Mario, Garcia, Paulo, Gnedin, Oleg, Goobar, Ariel, Gordo, Paulo, Goullioud, Renaud, Hall, David, Hambly, Nigel, Harrison, Diana, Hobbs, David, Holland, Andrew, Hog, Erik, Jordi, Carme, Klioner, Sergei, Lancon, Ariane, Laskar, Jacques, Lattanzi, Mario, Le Poncin-Lafitte, Christophe, Luri, Xavier, Michalik, Daniel, de Almeida, Andre Moitinho, Mourao, Ana, Moustakas, Leonidas, Murray, Neil J., Muterspaugh, Matthew, Oertel, Micaela, Ostorero, Luisa, Portell, Jordi, Prost, Jean-Pierre, Quirrenbach, Andreas, Schneider, Jean, Scott, Pat, Siebert, Arnaud, da Silva, Antonio, Silva, Manuel, Thebault, Philippe, Tomsick, John, Traub, Wesley, de Val-Borro, Miguel, Valluri, Monica, Walton, Nicholas A., Watkins, Laura L., White, Glenn, Wyrzykowski, Lukasz, Wyse, Rosemary, Yamada, Yoshiyuki, Malbet, Fabien, Boehm, Celine, Krone-Martins, Alberto, Amorim, Antonio, Anglada-Escude, Guillem, Brandeker, Alexis, Courbin, Frederic, Ensslin, Torsten, Falcao, Antonio, Freese, Katherine, Holl, Berry, Labadie, Lucas, Leger, Alain, Mamon, Gary A., McArthur, Barbara, Mora, Alcione, Shao, Mike, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Spolyar, Douglas, Villaver, Eva, Abbas, Ummi, Albertus, Conrado, Alves, Joao, Barnes, Rory, Bonomo, Aldo Stefano, Bouy, Herve, Brown, Warren R., Cardoso, Vitor, Castellani, Marco, Chemin, Laurent, Clark, Hamish, Correia, Alexandre C. M., Crosta, Mariateresa, Crouzier, Antoine, Damasso, Mario, Darling, Jeremy, Davies, Melvyn B., Diaferio, Antonaldo, Fortin, Morgane, Fridlund, Malcolm, Gai, Mario, Garcia, Paulo, Gnedin, Oleg, Goobar, Ariel, Gordo, Paulo, Goullioud, Renaud, Hall, David, Hambly, Nigel, Harrison, Diana, Hobbs, David, Holland, Andrew, Hog, Erik, Jordi, Carme, Klioner, Sergei, Lancon, Ariane, Laskar, Jacques, Lattanzi, Mario, Le Poncin-Lafitte, Christophe, Luri, Xavier, Michalik, Daniel, de Almeida, Andre Moitinho, Mourao, Ana, Moustakas, Leonidas, Murray, Neil J., Muterspaugh, Matthew, Oertel, Micaela, Ostorero, Luisa, Portell, Jordi, Prost, Jean-Pierre, Quirrenbach, Andreas, Schneider, Jean, Scott, Pat, Siebert, Arnaud, da Silva, Antonio, Silva, Manuel, Thebault, Philippe, Tomsick, John, Traub, Wesley, de Val-Borro, Miguel, Valluri, Monica, Walton, Nicholas A., Watkins, Laura L., White, Glenn, Wyrzykowski, Lukasz, Wyse, Rosemary, and Yamada, Yoshiyuki

Abstract

Sky survey telescopes and powerful targeted telescopes play complementary roles in astronomy. In order to investigate the nature and characteristics of the motions of very faint objects, a flexibly-pointed instrument capable of high astrometric accuracy is an ideal complement to current astrometric surveys and a unique tool for precision astrophysics. Such a space-based mission will push the frontier of precision astrometry from evidence of Earth-mass habitable worlds around the nearest stars, to distant Milky Way objects, and out to the Local Group of galaxies. As we enter the era of the James Webb Space Telescope and the new ground-based, adaptive-optics-enabled giant telescopes, by obtaining these high precision measurements on key objects that Gaia could not reach, a mission that focuses on high precision astrometry science can consolidate our theoretical understanding of the local Universe, enable extrapolation of physical processes to remote redshifts, and derive a much more consistent picture of cosmological evolution and the likely fate of our cosmos. Already several missions have been proposed to address the science case of faint objects in motion using high precision astrometry missions: NEAT proposed for the ESA M3 opportunity, micro-NEAT for the S1 opportunity, and Theia for the M4 and M5 opportunities. Additional new mission configurations adapted with technological innovations could be envisioned to pursue accurate measurements of these extremely small motions. The goal of this White Paper is to address the fundamental science questions that are at stake when we focus on the motions of faint sky objects and to briefly review instrumentation and mission profiles.

Published
2021

8. Faint objects in motion: the new frontier of high precision astrometry

Author

Malbet, Fabien, primary, Boehm, Céline, additional, Krone-Martins, Alberto, additional, Amorim, Antonio, additional, Anglada-Escudé, Guillem, additional, Brandeker, Alexis, additional, Courbin, Frédéric, additional, Enßlin, Torsten, additional, Falcão, Antonio, additional, Freese, Katherine, additional, Holl, Berry, additional, Labadie, Lucas, additional, Léger, Alain, additional, Mamon, Gary A., additional, McArthur, Barbara, additional, Mora, Alcione, additional, Shao, Mike, additional, Sozzetti, Alessandro, additional, Spolyar, Douglas, additional, Villaver, Eva, additional, Abbas, Ummi, additional, Albertus, Conrado, additional, Alves, João, additional, Barnes, Rory, additional, Bonomo, Aldo Stefano, additional, Bouy, Hervé, additional, Brown, Warren R., additional, Cardoso, Vitor, additional, Castellani, Marco, additional, Chemin, Laurent, additional, Clark, Hamish, additional, Correia, Alexandre C. M., additional, Crosta, Mariateresa, additional, Crouzier, Antoine, additional, Damasso, Mario, additional, Darling, Jeremy, additional, Davies, Melvyn B., additional, Diaferio, Antonaldo, additional, Fortin, Morgane, additional, Fridlund, Malcolm, additional, Gai, Mario, additional, Garcia, Paulo, additional, Gnedin, Oleg, additional, Goobar, Ariel, additional, Gordo, Paulo, additional, Goullioud, Renaud, additional, Hall, David, additional, Hambly, Nigel, additional, Harrison, Diana, additional, Hobbs, David, additional, Holland, Andrew, additional, Høg, Erik, additional, Jordi, Carme, additional, Klioner, Sergei, additional, Lançon, Ariane, additional, Laskar, Jacques, additional, Lattanzi, Mario, additional, Le Poncin-Lafitte, Christophe, additional, Luri, Xavier, additional, Michalik, Daniel, additional, de Almeida, André Moitinho, additional, Mourão, Ana, additional, Moustakas, Leonidas, additional, Murray, Neil J., additional, Muterspaugh, Matthew, additional, Oertel, Micaela, additional, Ostorero, Luisa, additional, Portell, Jordi, additional, Prost, Jean-Pierre, additional, Quirrenbach, Andreas, additional, Schneider, Jean, additional, Scott, Pat, additional, Siebert, Arnaud, additional, Silva, Antonio da, additional, Silva, Manuel, additional, Thébault, Philippe, additional, Tomsick, John, additional, Traub, Wesley, additional, de Val-Borro, Miguel, additional, Valluri, Monica, additional, Walton, Nicholas A., additional, Watkins, Laura L., additional, White, Glenn, additional, Wyrzykowski, Lukasz, additional, Wyse, Rosemary, additional, and Yamada, Yoshiyuki, additional

Published
2021
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9. PicSat: A Cubesat Mission for Exoplanetary Transit Detection in 2017

Author

Lapeyrere, Vincent, Lacour, Sylvestre, David, Lester, Nowak, Mathias, Crouzier, Antoine, Schworer, G., Perrot, P., and Rayane, S.

Abstract

The PicSat mission is based on a 3U Cubesat architecture, with a payload specifically designed for high precision stellar photometry. The satellite is planned to be launched in September 2017. The main objective of the mission is the continuous monitoring of the brightness of Beta Pictoris. The Hill Sphere of planet Beta Pictoris b shall pass in front of its host during this period (from April 2017 to February 2018). To be ready on time for this rendez-vous, our philosophy was to focus our resources on the development of the payload and the flight software, where we have the expertise. We subcontracted the design and the realization of the platform and of the Attitude and Determination Control System. The payload is designed with a 37mm effective aperture and a single pixel avalanche photodiode. A single-mode fiber is used to guide the stellar light from the focal plane to the photodiode. To guarantee photometric precision and payload stabilization, the residual jitter of the three-axis ADCS is complemented with a two-axis piezoelectric actuation system that locks the position of the fiber on the center of the star. The flight software is based on a "L0/L1" dual-level architecture, making use of Gericos, an active object framework developed in-house.

Published
2017

10. Theia: Faint objects in motion or the new astrometry frontier

Author

Boehm, Celine, Krone Martins, Alberto, Amorim, Antonio, Anglada Escude, Guillem, Brandeker, Alexis, Courbin, Frederic, Ensslin, Torsten, Falcao, Antonio, Freese, Katherine, Holl, Berry, Labadie, Lucas, Leger, Alain, Malbet, Fabien, Mamon, Gary, Mcarthur, Barbara, Mora, Alcione, Shao, Michael, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Spolyar, Douglas, Villaver, Eva, Albertus, Conrado, Bertone, Stefano, Bouy, Herve, Boylan Kolchin, Michael, Brown, Anthony, Brown, Warren, Cardoso, Vitor, Chemin, Laurent, Claudi, Riccardo, Correia, Alexandre C. M., Crosta, Mariateresa, Crouzier, Antoine, Cyr Racine, Francis Yan, Damasso, Mario, da Silva, Antonio, Davies, Melvyn, Das, Payel, Dayal, Pratika, de Val Borro, Miguel, Diaferio, Antonaldo, Erickcek, Adrienne, Fairbairn, Malcolm, Fortin, Morgane, Fridlund, Malcolm, Garcia, Paulo, Gnedin, Oleg, Goobar, Ariel, Gordo, Paulo, Goullioud, Renaud, Hambly, Nigel, Hara, Nathan, Hobbs, David, Hog, Erik, Holland, Andrew, Ibata, Rodrigo, Jordi, Carme, Klioner, Sergei, Kopeikin, Sergei, Lacroix, Thomas, Laskar, Jacques, Le Poncin Lafitte, Christophe, Luri, Xavier, Majumdar, Subhabrata, Makarov, Valeri, Massey, Richard, Mennesson, Bertrand, Michalik, Daniel, Moitinho de Almeida, Andre, Mourao, Ana, Moustakas, Leonidas, Murray, Neil, Muterspaugh, Matthew, Oertel, Micaela, Ostorero, Luisa, Perez Garcia, Angeles, Platais, Imants, de Mora, Jordi Portell i, Quirrenbach, Andreas, Randall, Lisa, Read, Justin, Regos, Eniko, Rory, Barnes, Rybicki, Krzysztof, Scott, Pat, Schneider, Jean, Scholtz, Jakub, Siebert, Arnaud, Tereno, Ismael, Tomsick, John, Traub, Wesley, Valluri, Monica, Walker, Matt, Walton, Nicholas, Watkins, Laura, White, Glenn, Evans, Dafydd Wyn, Wyrzykowski, Lukasz, and Wyse, Rosemary

Subjects
Theia, astrometry, astrometry, Theia
Published
2017

13. NEAT: a spatial telescope to detect nearby exoplanets using astrometry

Author

Crouzier, Antoine, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CNES / Thalès Aliéna Space, UJF, Fabien Malbet, Université de Grenoble, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Crouzier, Antoine

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], [SPI.OPTI] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Interférometrie, Exoplanetes, NEAT, space telescope, astrométrie, interférométrie, Spatial, métrologie, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, CCD, Étoiles solaires, Sun-like stars, interferometry, metrology, exoplanets, zone habitable, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, astrometry, habitable zone, telescope spatial, exoplanètes, [PHYS.ASTR.IM] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract

With the present state of exoplanet detection techniques, none of the rocky planets of the Solar System would be discovered, yet their presence is a very strong constraint on the scenarios of formation of planetary systems. Astrometry, by measuring the reflex effect of planets on their central host stars, lead us to the mass of planets and to their orbit determination. This technique is used frequently and is very successful to determine the masses and the orbits of binary stars. From space, it is possible to use differential astrometry around nearby Solar-type stars to detect exoplanets down to one Earth mass in habitable zone, where the sensitivity of the technique is optimal. Finding habitable Earths in the Solar neighborhood would be a major step forward for exoplanet detection and these planets would be prime targets for attempting to find life outside of the Solar System, by searching for bio-markers in their atmospheres.A scientific consortium has formed to promote this kind of astrometric space mission. A mission called NEAT (Nearby Earth Astrometric Telescope) has been proposed to ESA in 2010. A laboratory testbed called NEAT-demo was assembled at IPAG, its main goal is to demonstrate CCD detector calibration to the required accuracy. During my PhD, my activities were related to astrophysical aspects as well as instrumental aspects of the mission. Regarding the scientific case, I compiled a catalog of mission target stars and reference stars (needed for the differential astrometric measurements) and I estimated the scientific return of NEAT-like missions in terms of number of detected exoplanets and their parameter distributions. The second aspect of the PhD is relative to the testbed, which mimics the NEAT telescope configuration. I am going to present the testbed itself, the data analysis methods and the results. An accuracy of 3e-4 pixel was obtained for the relative positions of artificial stars and we have determined that measures of pixel positions by the metrology is currently limited by stray light., Dans l’état actuel des techniques de détection des exoplanètes, aucune planète tellurique du Système Solaire ne pourrait être découverte et pourtant leur présence est une contrainte très forte sur les scénarios de formation des systèmes planétaires. L’astrométrie, en mesurant l’effet réflexe des planètes sur leur étoile centrale, permet de remonter à la masse des planètes et aux paramètres orbitaux. C'est une technique très utilisée pour la détermination des masses et des orbites des étoiles binaires et couronnée de succès. Depuis l'espace, il est possible d'utiliser l'astrométrie différentielle autour des étoiles proches de type solaire pour détecter leurs exoplanètes à partir d'une masse terrestre en zone habitable, là ou la sensibilité de cette technique est optimale. Trouver des Terres habitables au voisinage du système solaire constituerait une avancée majeure en terme de détection d'exoplanètes et ces planètes seraient des cibles de 1er choix pour tenter de détecter de la vie au delà du système solaire, en cherchant des bio-marqueurs dans leur atmosphère.Un consortium scientifique s'est formé pour promouvoir une telle mission spatiale astrométrique. Une mission appelée NEAT (Nearby Earth Astrometric Telescope) a été proposée à l'ESA en 2010. Un banc de test appelé NEAT-demo a été assemblé à l'IPAG, son but principal est de démontrer la calibration du détecteur CCD à la précision requise. Mes activités pendant la thèse se sont portées à la fois sur les aspects astrophysiques et instrumentaux de la mission. En ce qui concerne le cas scientifique, j'ai établi un catalogue des étoiles cibles de la mission et des étoiles de référence (pour la mesure astrométrique différentielle), puis estimé le retour scientifique d'une mission spatiale telle que NEAT en terme de nombre d'exoplanètes détectées et de la distribution de leurs paramètres. Le second volet de la thèse est centré autour du banc de test, qui imite la configuration du télescope spatial NEAT. Je vais présenter le banc lui-même, les méthodes d'analyse des données et les résultats obtenus. Une précision de 3e-4 pixel a été obtenue sur les positions relatives des étoiles artificielles et nous avons déterminé que la mesure de position des pixels par la métrologie est limité par la lumière parasite.

Published
2014

15. Microarcsecond astrometric observatory Theia: from dark matter to compact objects and nearby earths

Author

Malbet, Fabien, additional, Léger, Alain, additional, Anglada Escudé, Guillem, additional, Sozzetti, Alessandro, additional, Spolyar, Douglas, additional, Labadie, Lucas, additional, Shao, Mike, additional, Holl, Berry, additional, Goullioud, Renaud, additional, Crouzier, Antoine, additional, Boehm, Céline, additional, and Krone-Martins, Alberto, additional

Published
2016
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17. NEAT breadboard system analysis and performance models

Author

Hénault, François, additional, Crouzier, Antoine, additional, Malbet, Fabien, additional, Kern, Pierre, additional, Martin, Guillermo, additional, Feautrier, Philippe, additional, Staedler, Eric, additional, Lafrasse, Sylvain, additional, Delboulbé, Alain, additional, Le Duigou, Jean-Michel, additional, Cara, Christophe, additional, and Léger, Alain, additional

Published
2014
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23. NEAT: An Astrometric Mission to Detect and Characterize Nearby Habitable Planetary Systems.

Author

Malbet, Fabien, Crouzier, Antoine, Goullioud, Renaud, Lagage, Pierre-Olivier, Léger, Alain, and Shao, Mike

Abstract

Many planets have been detected so far but very few around nearby stars that could allow characterization of their atmosphere thanks to their proximity. There are known exoplanets around less than 8.3% of the FGK stars of the Solar neighborhood (d<20 pc) and the vast majority of them are giant planets. Within the ESA Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 plan, the scientific goal of the NEAT (Nearby Earth Astrometric Telescope) mission is to detect and characterize planetary systems around these nearby stars in an exhaustive way down to 1 Earth-mass in the habitable zone. This survey would provide the actual planetary masses, the full characterization of the orbits including their inclination, for all the components of the planetary system down to the Earth-mass limit. NEAT will continue the work performed by Hipparcos and Gaia by reaching a precision that is improved by two orders of magnitude on pointed targets compared to Gaia. We present the free-flyer concept that has been submitted to the 2010 ESA call for M3 missions with two satellites flying in formation 40m apart. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2012
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25. NEAT breadboard system analysis and performance models

Author

Angeli, George Z., Dierickx, Philippe, Hénault, François, Crouzier, Antoine, Malbet, Fabien, Kern, Pierre, Martin, Guillermo, Feautrier, Philippe, Staedler, Eric, Lafrasse, Sylvain, Delboulbé, Alain, Le Duigou, Jean-Michel, Cara, Christophe, and Léger, Alain

Published
2014
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27. Theia: Faint objects in motion or the new astrometry frontier

Author

Boehm, Céline, Krone-Martins, Alberto, Amorim, António, Anglada-Escudé, Guillem, Brandeker, Alexis, Courbin, Frederic, Enßlin, Torsten, Falcão, António, Freese, Katherine, Holl, Berry, Labadie, Lucas, Leger, Alain, Malbet, Fabien, Mamon, Gary, Mcarthur, Barbara, Mora, Alcione, Shao, Michael, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Spolyar, Douglas, Villaver, Eva, Albertus, Conrado, Bertone, Stefano, Bouy, Hervé, Boylan-Kolchin, Michael, Brown, Anthony, Brown, Warren, Cardoso, Vitor, Chemin, Laurent, Claudi, Riccardo, Correia, Alexandre C. M., Crosta, Mariateresa, Crouzier, Antoine, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, Damasso, Mario, Da Silva, António, Davies, Melvyn, Das, Payel, Dayal, Pratika, Val-Borro, Miguel, Diaferio, Antonaldo, Erickcek, Adrienne, Fairbairn, Malcolm, Fortin, Morgane, Fridlund, Malcolm, Garcia, Paulo, Gnedin, Oleg, Goobar, Ariel, Gordo, Paulo, Goullioud, Renaud, Hambly, Nigel, Hara, Nathan, Hobbs, David, Hog, Erik, Holland, Andrew, Ibata, Rodrigo, Jordi, Carme, Klioner, Sergei, Kopeikin, Sergei, Lacroix, Thomas, Laskar, Jacques, Le Poncin-Lafitte, Christophe, Luri, Xavier, Majumdar, Subhabrata, Makarov, Valeri, Massey, Richard, Mennesson, Bertrand, Michalik, Daniel, Almeida, André Moitinho, Mourão, Ana, Moustakas, Leonidas, Murray, Neil, Muterspaugh, Matthew, Oertel, Micaela, Ostorero, Luisa, Perez-Garcia, Angeles, Platais, Imants, I Portell I Mora, Jord, Quirrenbach, Andreas, Randall, Lisa, Read, Justin, Regos, Eniko, Rory, Barnes, Rybicki, Krzysztof, Scott, Pat, Schneider, Jean, Jakub Scholtz, Siebert, Arnaud, Tereno, Ismael, Tomsick, John, Traub, Wesley, Valluri, Monica, Walker, Matt, Walton, Nicholas, Watkins, Laura, White, Glenn, Evans, Dafydd Wyn, Wyrzykowski, Lukasz, Wyse, Rosemary, Abbas, Ummi, Alimi, Jean-Michel, Altmann, Martin, Alves, João, Anderson, Richard, Arenou, Frédéric, Bailer-Jones, Coryn, Carlton, Baugh, Biermann, Michael, Blanco-Cuaresma, Sergi, Bonomo, Aldo Stefano, Broderick, Avery, Busso, Giorgia, Cabrera, Juan, Carrasco, Josep Manel, Carvalho, Carla Sofia, Castellani, Marco, Cermeño-Gavilán, Marina, Chadwick, Paula, Darling, Jeremy, Davidson, Michael, Angeli, Francesca, Carvalho, Reinaldo, Desidera, Silvano, Done, Chris, Ducourant, Christine, Erkal, Denis, Eyer, Laurent, Famey, Benoit, Feltzing, Sofia, Garcia, Emilio Fraile, Gomez, Facundo Ariel, Frenk, Carlos, Gai, Mario, Galli, Phillip, Galluccio, Laurent, Gavras, Panagiotis, Giacobbe, Paolo, Gratton, Raffaele, Guglielmetti, Fabrizia, Gunther, Eike, Hall, David, Harrison, Diana, Hatzes, Artie, Hestroffer, Daniel, Ishida, Emille, Jablonka, Pascale, Jacobs, Christopher, Janson, Markus, Jasche, Jens, Jauzac, Mathilde, Jones, Hugh, Jonker, Peter, Julbe, Francesc, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Kordopatis, Georges, Lancon, Arianne, Lattanzi, Mario Gilberto, Leguidou, Jean-Michel, Lehnert, Matt, Lehto, Harry, Lopes, Ilidio, Maldonado, Jesus, Marconi, Marcella, Martin, Nicolas, Marie-Elisabeth, Maury, Mazumdar, Anupam, Michtchenko, Tatiana, Minardi, Stefano, Munoz, Carlos, Murante, Giuseppe, Musella, Ilaria, Gerhard, Ortwin, Pagano, Isabella, Pani, Paolo, Paetzold, Martin, Daniel, Pfenniger, Piotto, Giampaolo, Preis, Olivier, Produit, Nicolas, Prost, Jean-Pierre, Rauer, Heike, Raymond, Sean, Reinaldo, Rosa, Revaz, Yves, Rita, Ribeiro, Rimoldini, Lorenzo, Huguet, Arnau Rios, Ripepi, Vincenzo, Rocci, Pier-Francesco, Rodriguez Frias, Maria D., Rosa, Reinaldo R., Sahlmann, Johannes, Saltas, Ippocratis, E E Lemos, José Pizarro Sand, Sarro, Luis M., Schaefer, Bjoern Malte, Schewtschenko, Jascha, Segransan, Damien, Selsis, Franck, Silk, Joe, Silva, Manuel, Solitro, Filomena, Spagna, Alessandro, Springel, Volker, Süveges, Maria, Teixeira, Ramachrisna, Shindou, Tetsuo, Thebault, Philippe, Tian, Feng, Turon, Catherine, Valle, José W. F., Vasiliev, Eugene, Vladilo, Juan, Martin, Vollmann, Ward, Martin, Weller, Jochen, Wilkinson, Mark, Wolf, Sebastian, Xiaoting, Fu, Yamada, Yoshiyuki, Zschocke, Sven, Zucker, Shay, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris - Site de Paris (OP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Observatoire de Paris - Site de Meudon (OBSPM), Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Theia, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and HEP, INSPIRE

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

In the context of the ESA M5 (medium mission) call we proposed a new satellite mission, Theia, based on relative astrometry and extreme precision to study the motion of very faint objects in the Universe. Theia is primarily designed to study the local dark matter properties, the existence of Earth-like exoplanets in our nearest star systems and the physics of compact objects. Furthermore, about 15 $\%$ of the mission time was dedicated to an open observatory for the wider community to propose complementary science cases. With its unique metrology system and "point and stare" strategy, Theia's precision would have reached the sub micro-arcsecond level. This is about 1000 times better than ESA/Gaia's accuracy for the brightest objects and represents a factor 10-30 improvement for the faintest stars (depending on the exact observational program). In the version submitted to ESA, we proposed an optical (350-1000nm) on-axis TMA telescope. Due to ESA Technology readiness level, the camera's focal plane would have been made of CCD detectors but we anticipated an upgrade with CMOS detectors. Photometric measurements would have been performed during slew time and stabilisation phases needed for reaching the required astrometric precision., Comment: http://theia.phyip3.dur.ac.uk

28. Faint objects in motion: the new frontier of high precision astrometry

Author

Malbet, Fabien, Boehm, Céline, Krone-Martins, Alberto, Amorim, Antonio, Anglada-Escudé, Guillem, Brandeker, Alexis, Courbin, Frédéric, Enßlin, Torsten, Falcão, Antonio, Freese, Katherine, Holl, Berry, Labadie, Lucas, Léger, Alain, Mamon, Gary A., McArthur, Barbara, Mora, Alcione, Shao, Mike, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Spolyar, Douglas, Villaver, Eva, Abbas, Ummi, Albertus, Conrado, Alves, João, Barnes, Rory, Bonomo, Aldo Stefano, Bouy, Hervé, Brown, Warren R., Cardoso, Vitor, Castellani, Marco, Chemin, Laurent, Clark, Hamish, Correia, Alexandre C. M., Crosta, Mariateresa, Crouzier, Antoine, Damasso, Mario, Darling, Jeremy, Davies, Melvyn B., Diaferio, Antonaldo, Fortin, Morgane, Fridlund, Malcolm, Gai, Mario, Garcia, Paulo, Gnedin, Oleg, Goobar, Ariel, Gordo, Paulo, Goullioud, Renaud, Hall, David, Hambly, Nigel, Harrison, Diana, Hobbs, David, Holland, Andrew, Høg, Erik, Jordi, Carme, Klioner, Sergei, Lançon, Ariane, Laskar, Jacques, Lattanzi, Mario, Le Poncin-Lafitte, Christophe, Luri, Xavier, Michalik, Daniel, de Almeida, André Moitinho, Mourão, Ana, Moustakas, Leonidas, Murray, Neil J., Muterspaugh, Matthew, Oertel, Micaela, Ostorero, Luisa, Portell, Jordi, Prost, Jean-Pierre, Quirrenbach, Andreas, Schneider, Jean, Scott, Pat, Siebert, Arnaud, Silva, Antonio da, Silva, Manuel, Thébault, Philippe, Tomsick, John, Traub, Wesley, de Val-Borro, Miguel, Valluri, Monica, Walton, Nicholas A., Watkins, Laura L., White, Glenn, Wyrzykowski, Lukasz, Wyse, Rosemary, Yamada, Yoshiyuki, Malbet, Fabien, Boehm, Céline, Krone-Martins, Alberto, Amorim, Antonio, Anglada-Escudé, Guillem, Brandeker, Alexis, Courbin, Frédéric, Enßlin, Torsten, Falcão, Antonio, Freese, Katherine, Holl, Berry, Labadie, Lucas, Léger, Alain, Mamon, Gary A., McArthur, Barbara, Mora, Alcione, Shao, Mike, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Spolyar, Douglas, Villaver, Eva, Abbas, Ummi, Albertus, Conrado, Alves, João, Barnes, Rory, Bonomo, Aldo Stefano, Bouy, Hervé, Brown, Warren R., Cardoso, Vitor, Castellani, Marco, Chemin, Laurent, Clark, Hamish, Correia, Alexandre C. M., Crosta, Mariateresa, Crouzier, Antoine, Damasso, Mario, Darling, Jeremy, Davies, Melvyn B., Diaferio, Antonaldo, Fortin, Morgane, Fridlund, Malcolm, Gai, Mario, Garcia, Paulo, Gnedin, Oleg, Goobar, Ariel, Gordo, Paulo, Goullioud, Renaud, Hall, David, Hambly, Nigel, Harrison, Diana, Hobbs, David, Holland, Andrew, Høg, Erik, Jordi, Carme, Klioner, Sergei, Lançon, Ariane, Laskar, Jacques, Lattanzi, Mario, Le Poncin-Lafitte, Christophe, Luri, Xavier, Michalik, Daniel, de Almeida, André Moitinho, Mourão, Ana, Moustakas, Leonidas, Murray, Neil J., Muterspaugh, Matthew, Oertel, Micaela, Ostorero, Luisa, Portell, Jordi, Prost, Jean-Pierre, Quirrenbach, Andreas, Schneider, Jean, Scott, Pat, Siebert, Arnaud, Silva, Antonio da, Silva, Manuel, Thébault, Philippe, Tomsick, John, Traub, Wesley, de Val-Borro, Miguel, Valluri, Monica, Walton, Nicholas A., Watkins, Laura L., White, Glenn, Wyrzykowski, Lukasz, Wyse, Rosemary, and Yamada, Yoshiyuki

Abstract

Sky survey telescopes and powerful targeted telescopes play complementary roles in astronomy. In order to investigate the nature and characteristics of the motions of very faint objects, a flexibly-pointed instrument capable of high astrometric accuracy is an ideal complement to current astrometric surveys and a unique tool for precision astrophysics. Such a space-based mission will push the frontier of precision astrometry from evidence of Earth-mass habitable worlds around the nearest stars, to distant Milky Way objects, and out to the Local Group of galaxies. As we enter the era of the James Webb Space Telescope and the new ground-based, adaptive-optics-enabled giant telescopes, by obtaining these high precision measurements on key objects that Gaia could not reach, a mission that focuses on high precision astrometry science can consolidate our theoretical understanding of the local Universe, enable extrapolation of physical processes to remote redshifts, and derive a much more consistent picture of cosmological evolution and the likely fate of our cosmos. Already several missions have been proposed to address the science case of faint objects in motion using high precision astrometry missions: NEAT proposed for the ESA M3 opportunity, micro-NEAT for the S1 opportunity, and Theia for the M4 and M5 opportunities. Additional new mission configurations adapted with technological innovations could be envisioned to pursue accurate measurements of these extremely small motions. The goal of this White Paper is to address the fundamental science questions that are at stake when we focus on the motions of faint sky objects and to briefly review instrumentation and mission profiles.

29. Faint objects in motion: the new frontier of high precision astrometry

Author

Malbet, Fabien, Boehm, Céline, Krone-Martins, Alberto, Amorim, Antonio, Anglada-Escudé, Guillem, Brandeker, Alexis, Courbin, Frédéric, Enßlin, Torsten, Falcão, Antonio, Freese, Katherine, Holl, Berry, Labadie, Lucas, Léger, Alain, Mamon, Gary A., McArthur, Barbara, Mora, Alcione, Shao, Mike, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Spolyar, Douglas, Villaver, Eva, Abbas, Ummi, Albertus, Conrado, Alves, João, Barnes, Rory, Bonomo, Aldo Stefano, Bouy, Hervé, Brown, Warren R., Cardoso, Vitor, Castellani, Marco, Chemin, Laurent, Clark, Hamish, Correia, Alexandre C. M., Crosta, Mariateresa, Crouzier, Antoine, Damasso, Mario, Darling, Jeremy, Davies, Melvyn B., Diaferio, Antonaldo, Fortin, Morgane, Fridlund, Malcolm, Gai, Mario, Garcia, Paulo, Gnedin, Oleg, Goobar, Ariel, Gordo, Paulo, Goullioud, Renaud, Hall, David, Hambly, Nigel, Harrison, Diana, Hobbs, David, Holland, Andrew, Høg, Erik, Jordi, Carme, Klioner, Sergei, Lançon, Ariane, Laskar, Jacques, Lattanzi, Mario, Le Poncin-Lafitte, Christophe, Luri, Xavier, Michalik, Daniel, de Almeida, André Moitinho, Mourão, Ana, Moustakas, Leonidas, Murray, Neil J., Muterspaugh, Matthew, Oertel, Micaela, Ostorero, Luisa, Portell, Jordi, Prost, Jean-Pierre, Quirrenbach, Andreas, Schneider, Jean, Scott, Pat, Siebert, Arnaud, Silva, Antonio da, Silva, Manuel, Thébault, Philippe, Tomsick, John, Traub, Wesley, de Val-Borro, Miguel, Valluri, Monica, Walton, Nicholas A., Watkins, Laura L., White, Glenn, Wyrzykowski, Lukasz, Wyse, Rosemary, Yamada, Yoshiyuki, Malbet, Fabien, Boehm, Céline, Krone-Martins, Alberto, Amorim, Antonio, Anglada-Escudé, Guillem, Brandeker, Alexis, Courbin, Frédéric, Enßlin, Torsten, Falcão, Antonio, Freese, Katherine, Holl, Berry, Labadie, Lucas, Léger, Alain, Mamon, Gary A., McArthur, Barbara, Mora, Alcione, Shao, Mike, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Spolyar, Douglas, Villaver, Eva, Abbas, Ummi, Albertus, Conrado, Alves, João, Barnes, Rory, Bonomo, Aldo Stefano, Bouy, Hervé, Brown, Warren R., Cardoso, Vitor, Castellani, Marco, Chemin, Laurent, Clark, Hamish, Correia, Alexandre C. M., Crosta, Mariateresa, Crouzier, Antoine, Damasso, Mario, Darling, Jeremy, Davies, Melvyn B., Diaferio, Antonaldo, Fortin, Morgane, Fridlund, Malcolm, Gai, Mario, Garcia, Paulo, Gnedin, Oleg, Goobar, Ariel, Gordo, Paulo, Goullioud, Renaud, Hall, David, Hambly, Nigel, Harrison, Diana, Hobbs, David, Holland, Andrew, Høg, Erik, Jordi, Carme, Klioner, Sergei, Lançon, Ariane, Laskar, Jacques, Lattanzi, Mario, Le Poncin-Lafitte, Christophe, Luri, Xavier, Michalik, Daniel, de Almeida, André Moitinho, Mourão, Ana, Moustakas, Leonidas, Murray, Neil J., Muterspaugh, Matthew, Oertel, Micaela, Ostorero, Luisa, Portell, Jordi, Prost, Jean-Pierre, Quirrenbach, Andreas, Schneider, Jean, Scott, Pat, Siebert, Arnaud, Silva, Antonio da, Silva, Manuel, Thébault, Philippe, Tomsick, John, Traub, Wesley, de Val-Borro, Miguel, Valluri, Monica, Walton, Nicholas A., Watkins, Laura L., White, Glenn, Wyrzykowski, Lukasz, Wyse, Rosemary, and Yamada, Yoshiyuki

Abstract

Sky survey telescopes and powerful targeted telescopes play complementary roles in astronomy. In order to investigate the nature and characteristics of the motions of very faint objects, a flexibly-pointed instrument capable of high astrometric accuracy is an ideal complement to current astrometric surveys and a unique tool for precision astrophysics. Such a space-based mission will push the frontier of precision astrometry from evidence of Earth-mass habitable worlds around the nearest stars, to distant Milky Way objects, and out to the Local Group of galaxies. As we enter the era of the James Webb Space Telescope and the new ground-based, adaptive-optics-enabled giant telescopes, by obtaining these high precision measurements on key objects that Gaia could not reach, a mission that focuses on high precision astrometry science can consolidate our theoretical understanding of the local Universe, enable extrapolation of physical processes to remote redshifts, and derive a much more consistent picture of cosmological evolution and the likely fate of our cosmos. Already several missions have been proposed to address the science case of faint objects in motion using high precision astrometry missions: NEAT proposed for the ESA M3 opportunity, micro-NEAT for the S1 opportunity, and Theia for the M4 and M5 opportunities. Additional new mission configurations adapted with technological innovations could be envisioned to pursue accurate measurements of these extremely small motions. The goal of this White Paper is to address the fundamental science questions that are at stake when we focus on the motions of faint sky objects and to briefly review instrumentation and mission profiles.

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