Search

Durante el Neolítico, el cambio más evidente es la aparición de los animales y plantas domésticos, lo que supone claramente una nueva base de alimentación de los grupos humanos. Sin embargo, no se trata de la única transformación, puesto que el Neolítico implica también la existencia de una nueva organización social, así como la aparición de nuevos rituales funerarios, patrones de asentamiento y modificaciones en las tecnologías que usan estas sociedades. Muchas de las tecnologías que aparecían anteriormente se siguen utilizando en esta época, pero su forma de elaboración y, sobre todo, su uso se modifican. Los restos materiales más habituales de las sociedades neolíticas son las herramientas hechas en piedra o hueso y la cerámica.

Nada fue igual a partir del Neolítico. El control de la reproducción animal y vegetal y su consecuente domesticación estuvieron vinculados a una paulatina sedentarización y a la configuración de los primeros poblados. La herencia de este fenómeno, que se inició en Próximo Oriente hace unos 15 000 años, llega hasta nuestros días. Nuestra alimentación, nuestro modo de vida y probablemente nuestras creencias más primigenias tienen su origen en aquellos primeros agricultores y pastores. La búsqueda de nuevos territorios donde iniciar una nueva vida les llevó a moverse en distintas direcciones: el oeste de Asia, el centro de Europa y los espacios bañados por el Mediterráneo. Tras varias generaciones llegaron a la península ibérica hace unos 7700 años.

The introduction and spread of the Neolithic “way of life” in Europe was a process that took several millennia, followed by different rhythms and displayed singularities in each geographic area. It was therefore a very complex phenomenon that, despite highly significant advances in research in recent decades, is yet to be fully understood. To deepen our understanding of the very early stages of the introduction of herding and agriculture throughout the Old Continent, the 1st Conference on the Early Neolithic of Europe wasorganisedinBarcelonaon6–8November2019.Theconferencewasagreatsuccesswithmore than 200 participants, creating a stimulating arena to discuss and debate, exclusively, the transition to the Neolithic in Europe. This special issue brings together 52 of the contributions presented in Barcelona, offering an interesting overview of the current state of research across Europe, from the Anatolia to the Algarve, highlighting the geographical, chronological and socioeconomic diversity of the transformation processes involved in the Neolithisation of Europe and providing useful starting points for future research., The work was financed by a grant generously provided by the Catalan Agency for Managementof University and Research Grants (AGAUR) (grant reference: SGR-2017-995) of the Generalitat de Catalunya

Congrés Prehistorique de la France, This communication aims to explore the symbolic expressions of gender among the funerary Neolithic contexts of the so-called ”Sepulcres de Fossa” communities (North-east of the Iberian Peninsula, end of the 5th-beginning of the 4th millenium cal BC). Specifically, this topic will be tackled by means of a multi-proxy approach of the ”B`obila Madurell-Can Gamb´us” (Barcelona) well-known cemetery. The osteologically determined sex and age of the buried individuals will be crossed with three different kinds of data by means of Multiple Correspondence Analysis: the grave goods distribution and characteristics, the funerary structures types, and the δ13C, δ15N, 87Sr/86Sr & d18O isotopic data concerning the buried individuals diet and mobility patterns. The grave goods will be quantified and approached from a functional and morpho-technical perspective. This will include the stone and bone tools technological, use-wear analysis, and raw materials determination, as well as the pottery manufacture analysis. This empirical framework will allow us to approach how gender was symbolically expressed in the ”Sepulcres de Fossa” funerary practices, as well as to formulate explicative hypotheses in terms the socio-economic organization.

La investigación de la Prehistoria reciente en la Región cantábrica ha estado supeditada a los avances en el campo de los estudios sobre el Paleolítico. Los grandes conjuntos con arte rupestre orientaron, desde un primer momento, el planteamiento de las actuaciones arqueológicas. Esto ha provocado que la Prehistoria reciente ocupase un papel más modesto en el ámbito de la investigación arqueológica regional. En este artículo se exponen las principales líneas de investigación en las que se han basado los estudios sobre el material cerámico adscrito al Neolítico en la Región cantábrica. Pretendemos señalar los hitos fundamentales que evidencian las distintas tendencias en la investigación de la cerámica neolítica en relación con las dinámicas y trayectorias a una escala más amplia. Sin embargo, estas tendencias no se enmarcan en un momento temporal concreto, ya que continúan siendo empleadas en la actualidad. The research on Recent Prehistory in the Cantabrian Region has had a subordinate role due to the increasing advances in the research field of Paleolithic studies. From the beginnings, the importance of the great rock art ensembles established the fieldworks guideline from which the archaeological work were set out, provoking that Recent Prehistory studies had a lesser role in the regional archaeological research. This papers reviews the main research lines on which studies about ceramic material assigned to the Neolithic have been based on the Cantabrian Region. We aim to point out the fundamental landmarks that prove the different trends in the research about the Neolithic pottery related with their dynamic and trajectory within a wider scale. However, these trends do not fall within a specific time point as they continue being used today. Kantauriar eskualdeko Historiaurre hurbilaren azterketa Paleolitoari buruzko azterketen esparruko aurrerapenen menpe egon da. Labar-artearen multzoek jarduera arkeologikoen planteamendua bideratu zuten lehen unetik bertatik. Hori dela eta, Historiaurre hurbilak garrantzi gutxiago izan du eskualdeko ikerketa arkeologikoen esparruan. Artikulu honetan, kantauriar eskualdean aurkitu diren Neolito garaiko material zeramikoak aztertzean kontuan izan diren oinarrizko ikerketa-lerroak azaltzen dira. Gure asmoa da Neolitoko zeramikaren azterketen joerek adierazten dituzten gertaera garrantzitsuak azpimarratzea eta gertaera horiek dinamika eta gertaera orokorragoekin duten zerikusia azaltzea. Hala ere, kontuan izan behar dugu joera horiek ez dagozkiola denboraren une jakin bati, gaur egun ere erabiltzen baitira.

An intact archaeological context named Locus 1 has recently been discovered at Dehesilla Cave (southern Spain). The ritual funerary deposition consists of a complete pottery jar with part of a human calvarium over the mouth, and was occulted by large stone blocks. This paper offers a presentation of the new data provided mainly by the stratigraphic, osteological, pottery, lithic and radiocarbon analyses. A systematic review of the relevant evidence in the Iberian Peninsula during the Early Neolithic (c. 5600-4800 cal BC) provides a context for this finding and supports its interpretation with reference to several possible anthropological scenarios.

Foro debate sobre los nuevos estudios biomoleculares que se están llevando a cabo en yacimientos neolíticos de la Península Ibérica.

Archaeologists have long searched for methods to identify the use and function of prehistoric artefacts. The increasing application of use-wear, molecular and experimental approaches to the study of pottery vessels, flint and ground stone tools have provided crucial new insights into prehistoric tool use. However, whereas analytical methods to identify animal-derived resources are relatively well established, direct evidence for plant processing, use and consumption continues to be largely “hidden” in the archaeological record. The aim of the session is to bring together specialists on the study of different archaeological artefacts (e.g. pottery, ground stone and flint tools), archaeobotanists (plant macro- and microremains), biomolecular archaeologists (organic residue analyses) and researchers specialized on experimental archaeology to discuss current approaches to identify the preparation and use of plant resources in the past. We encourage problem-based interdisciplinary case studies that combine multiple lines of evidence to solve a particular question or hypothesis. Presentations highlighting the potentials and limitations of the different methods in use will also be welcome, as well as those applying new techniques or material studies (e.g. charred food crusts). Research themes are open (e.g. food preparation, processing, cooking, raw materials…), and contributions from all periods and geographic regions are generally welcome. At the end of the session, we will organize a round table to discuss sampling and study protocols that allow multi and inter-disciplinary approaches to be implemented and guarantee the comparability of results between sites.