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Abstract Background Moral outrage (MO) is an emotional experience that arises in situations where a moral standard is violated. Despite its relevance, there are few psychometric studies in the Latin American context, characterized by inequality and social problems. This highlights the need for specific assessment instruments for this construct. The purpose of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of an MO scale in the Peruvian population. Methods The sample consisted of 881 Peruvians (57.2% women, Mage = 24.5 years, SD = 9.07 years). The moral outrage scale was administered to participants. To analyze the data, two models were tested: a structural equation model (SEM) and an exploratory structural equation model (ESEM). Results The CFA confirmed a two-factor model (emotional and cognitive), with satisfactory fit indices and standardized factor loadings greater than 0.70. The ESEM model also showed improved fit indices. Measurement invariance across sex was established, and convergent validity was demonstrated between the dimensions of MO and authoritarianism, as well as other sociodemographic variables such as sex, age, and socioeconomic level. Conclusions The MO scale tested in this study is a reliable, valid, and invariant instrument, suitable for assessing moral outrage in both men and women within the Peruvian context.

Background: Using a previously unreported Peruvian registry of patients treated for early- stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), this study explored whether wedge resection and lobectomy were equivalent regarding survival and impact on radiologic-pathologic variables. Methods: This observational, analytical, longitudinal study used propensity scorematched (PSM) analysis of a single-center retrospective registry of 2,570 patients with pathologic stage I–II NSCLC who were treated with wedge resection (n=1,845) or lobectomy (n=725) during 2000–2020. After PSM, 650 cases were analyzed (resection, n=325; lobectomy, n=325) through preoperative and clinical variables, including patients with ≥1 lymph node removed. Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were created for 5-year overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and locoregional- recurrence-free survival (LRFS). Results: The principal complication was operative pain persisting >7 days for lobectomy versus wedge resection (58% vs. 23%, p=0.034) and shorter hospital stays for resection than for lobectomy (5.3 days vs. 12.8 days, p=0.009). The 5-year OS (84.3% vs. 81.2%, p=0.09) and DFS (79.1% vs. 74.1%, p=0.07) were similar and statistically insignificant between resections and lobectomies, respectively. LRFS was worse overall following wedge resection than lobectomy (79.8% vs. 91.1%, p10 mm (90.9% vs. 87.3%, p

INTRODUCTION: Flexibility reduces with age due to insufficient activity of the neuromuscular system, disuse of the skeletal muscles, and a lack of physical conditioning, therefore resulting in decreased autonomy and inability to perform daily activities. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of Isostretching in aquatic environment on muscle flexibility of elderly people. METHODS: A longitudinal, nearly experimental, uncontrolled study conducted with 26 individuals of both sexes, average age 67.5 ± 7 years, evaluated in terms of lower limb flexibility through the "sit and reach" test before and after a 12-week session of Isostretching in aquatic environment. The sample was tested for normality using the Shapiro-Wilk test, and the pre and post practice results were compared using the Wilcoxon test, considering p < 0.05. RESULTS: When comparing pre and post results of Isostretching in aquatic environment, a significant improvement (p < 0.05) was observed in the posterior chain flexibility (12.5 cm) of lower limbs in the studied group. CONCLUSION: Isostretching performed in aquatic environment improved the posterior chain flexibility of lower limbs in a group of elderly people.

Abstract Background Maladaptive eating behaviors are becoming increasingly prevalent among adolescents, and their relationship to exposure to media messages has been extensively examined. However, more specifically, the influence of social networks on emotional eating (EmE) has received relatively less attention in the Peruvian context. Objective To determine the association between social network addiction (SNA) and EmE among Peruvian adolescents, considering sex differences. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 878 adolescents were considered. The Social Network Addiction Questionnaire and the Emotional Eating Questionnaire were administered. Similarly, sociodemographic data were collected. To explore the association between SNA and EmE, we performed Poisson regression analyses with robust variance. We considered a p-value of equal to or less than 0.05 as statistically significant. Results Adolescents with an EmE score greater than 5 had significantly higher SNA scores, averaging 24.7 (± 12.3), compared to 15.5 (± 10.3) in those with an EmE score between 0 and 5 (p

For the first time, the species Sicarius rugosus is recorded from Guatemala, based on a male and two immatures collected in the department of Zacapa and a female from the department of El Progreso. The specimens of S. rugosus they were found living in construction zones, in gardens of human dwellings, in dry forest fragments and xeric environments.

Abstract To verify if data obtained in the prehospital evaluation of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) during the initial response to the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with clinical outcomes: mechanical ventilation, hospital discharge, and death. This is a retrospective analysis involving secondary data from the Emergency Medical Service (EMS) records and the Health Surveillance Information System of patients assisted by the EMS in Manaus, from January to June 2020, the period of the first peak of COVID-19 cases. The combination of the two databases yielded a total of 1.190 patients, who received a first EMS response and were later admitted to hospital with SARS and had data on clinical outcomes of interest available. Patients were predominantly male (754, 63.4%), with a median age of 66 (IQR: 54.0–78.0) years. SARS illness before medical assistance was associated to need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV, p

Pectobacterium chrysanthemi es el agente causal de la pudrición blanda que comúnmente afecta los cultivos de banano orgánico de todo el planeta. Las políticas actuales de control fitosanitario se basan en la sintomatología causada por la enfermedad. Sin embargo, al existir otras especies que causan síntomas similares, se recurre a pruebas de patogenicidad a las que se debe adicionar pruebas bioquímicas para llegar a identificar la bacteria, prescindiendo de ensayos moleculares que, en contraste, permitirían obtener resultados más específicos y en menor tiempo. Este artículo presenta una metodología alternativa en el diagnóstico rápido y específico de la pudrición blanda causada por Pectobacterium chrysanthemi en cultivos de banano orgánico del Perú. La detección mediante virulencia de la bacteria en tejido hospedante de Solanum tuberosum y la PCR del espaciador transcrito interno (ITS) del ADNr 16S/23S, permite el manejo oportuno de la enfermedad. Los resultados demuestran que en el complejo entre la prueba de patogenicidad y el ensayo PCR- ITS 16S/23S es posible detectar a Pectobacterium chrysanthemi en un periodo de 8 días, 3 horas y 15 minutos, demostrando que este método es más eficiente que las pruebas bioquímicas usualmente empleadas para el diagnóstico de la pudrición blanda en Musa sp.

Resumen. Se registra por primera vez la depredación del escorpión Centruroides bicolor (Pocock, 1898) (Buthidae) por el geco de cola de nabo Thecadactylus rapicauda (Houttuyn, 1782) (Phyllodactylidae), y del geco Hemidactylus frenatus Dumeril y Bibron, 1836 (Gekkonidae), por Centruroides edwardsii (Gervais, 1843). El primer caso fue observado en Costa Rica y el segundo, en Nicaragua. También se registra el primer evento de necrofagia en escorpiones, ocurrido en condiciones naturales. Se incluye una lista de los casos de depredación entre escorpiones y reptiles (Squamata) registrados en Centroamérica.

This paper delves into the historical trajectory of Catholic universities, spanning from the early modern era to the 'long 1960s’, focusing on the development and change of their religious identities and mission amidst challenges posed by state intervention, secularization, and shifts within the Church and society. The analysis explores the reforms introduced in university governance by internal or external agents and the transformation of academic cultures influenced by intellectual or scientific trends, political intervention, ideological activism, and religious currents within Catholicism. Concurrently, it evaluates how these processes affected the capacity of Catholic universities to shape society and maintain a relevant presence in culture, offering responses rooted in Christian faith and heritage. To achieve this, four distinct periods are characterized: the expansion of early modern Catholic universities under the post-Tridentine paradigm; the decline of Catholic higher education amidst enlightened reforms, the French Revolution, and the development of national university systems in the early 19th century; the Ultramontane and neo-Thomist revival, leading to the development of a new model of Catholic universities (1840s–1950s); and the impact of the ‘long 1960s’ on the identity and ethos of Catholic universities.

El artículo narra mi devenir, de arquitecto-urbanista diseñador y planificador de espacios públicos con enfoque de infancia en los barrios populares de Lima (Perú), a cuidador, como papá de una niña de 2-3 años en Pinto-Madrid (España). Nos aproxima a la percepción y vivencia del espacio público desde la perspectiva de mi hija, para comprender si Pinto es, tal como se anuncia oficialmente, una ciudad ideal para los niños, analizar el impacto del parque infantil ubicado frente a nuestra casa en nuestra vida cotidiana y la de nuestra comunidad. Durante un año de trabajo etnográfico, mi hija y yo compartimos el día a día con otros niños y adultos en el parque, jugando, conversando, mirando y escuchando –observación participante–. Al mismo tiempo, registré el parque desde mi ventana –observación no participante–, entrevisté a usuarios diversos, revisé documentos del ayuntamiento y literatura especializada. A partir de ello, se discute la distinción entre “lugares para los niños” creados por adultos y “lugares de los niños” apropiados por ellos y las diferencias entre calle y espacio público. Se argumenta que la retórica del Ayuntamiento oculta un discurso adultocentrista que establece para los niños y niñas tiempos y espacios acotados y exclusivos: meterlos en los parques infantiles equivaldría a sacarlos de la calle, y salir a la calle solo para entrar a un parque infantil convierte a la calle, el espacio más rico e importante para su socialización y aprendizaje, en un lugar de paso transitable pero deshabitado, y en consecuencia, inseguro. A más parques infantiles, menos participación en la producción de la ciudad: las niñas y los niños como meros usuarios-consumidores. Frente a ello se propone recuperar el valor positivo de la utopía produciendo una ciudad lúdica: la “ciudad de los niños” como una “utopía concreta” en la que puedan salir a la calle sin otro destino que la calle misma.

TGFβ signaling is associated with non-response to immune checkpoint blockade in patients with advanced cancers, particularly in the immune-excluded phenotype. While previous work demonstrates that converting tumors from excluded to inflamed phenotypes requires attenuation of PD-L1 and TGFβ signaling, the underlying cellular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we show that TGFβ and PD-L1 restrain intratumoral stem cell-like CD8 T cell (TSCL) expansion and replacement of progenitor-exhausted and dysfunctional CD8 T cells with non-exhausted T effector cells in the EMT6 tumor model in female mice. Upon combined TGFβ/PD-L1 blockade IFNγhi CD8 T effector cells show enhanced motility and accumulate in the tumor. Ensuing IFNγ signaling transforms myeloid, stromal, and tumor niches to yield an immune-supportive ecosystem. Blocking IFNγ abolishes the anti-PD-L1/anti-TGFβ therapy efficacy. Our data suggest that TGFβ works with PD-L1 to prevent TSCL expansion and replacement of exhausted CD8 T cells, thereby maintaining the T cell compartment in a dysfunctional state.

ABSTRACT Edentulism is the loss of permanent dental structures, which impacts aesthetics and essential functions like chewing and speech. Dental prosthetics, specifically complete dentures, offer a solution. This study provides an overview of the production process using CAD/CAM technology. Digital methods yield monolithic denture bases, enhancing aesthetics and eliminating issues like shrinkage. Digital technologies expedite the fabrication process. The conventional method has shortcomings, leading to poor-fitting dentures, multiple dental visits, higher costs, and limitations. CAD/CAM is poised to replace traditional techniques, but improvements are needed for a seamless transition. Current CAD/CAM systems must enhance digital techniques, ensure fully digital production, and reduce costs for broader consumer accessibility. This evolution holds the key to a brighter and more comfortable future for edentulous patients.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are promising cellular therapies to induce immune tolerance in organ transplantation and autoimmune disease. The success of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy for cancer has sparked interest in using CARs to generate antigen-specific Tregs. Here, we compared CAR with endogenous T cell receptor (TCR)/CD28 activation in human Tregs. Strikingly, CAR Tregs displayed increased cytotoxicity and diminished suppression of antigen-presenting cells and effector T (Teff) cells compared with TCR/CD28-activated Tregs. RNA sequencing revealed that CAR Tregs activate Teff cell gene programs. Indeed, CAR Tregs secreted high levels of inflammatory cytokines, with a subset of FOXP3+ CAR Tregs uniquely acquiring CD40L surface expression and producing IFN-γ. Interestingly, decreasing CAR antigen affinity reduced Teff cell gene expression and inflammatory cytokine production by CAR Tregs. Our findings showcase the impact of engineered receptor activation on Treg biology and support tailoring CAR constructs to Tregs for maximal therapeutic efficacy.

Forest fires are the main threat to ecosystems and human life. The frequency, seasonality, extent and severity of fires affect ecosystems and the physical and chemical properties of the soil by direct (heating) and indirect (ash) effects. This could affect biodiversity and forest residency in the face of climate change. In this study, we evaluated the impact of fire severity on soil physical and chemical properties caused by forest fires in a high Andean area of Peru. For this purpose, the severity levels, the degree of hydrophobicity, and the physical and chemical properties of the soil were analyzed by sampling in affected areas (Pinus radiata D. Don plantation and shrubland) and unaffected areas. The results showed a very low severity in soil components, with a strong hydrophobicity, more persistent in the forest plantation area than in the shrubland. The physical properties of the soil did not show variations; however, in the Pinus plantations they showed variations in their chemical properties such as pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, nitrogen and cation exchange capacity compared to areas not affected by the forest fires. Likewise, in the study area an adequate regeneration process was evidenced; in fact, it is important to apply mechanisms to accelerate the restoration of the vegetation cover and the physical and chemical quality of the vegetation.

Summary: Background: Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a viral haemorrhagic fever with a case fatality rate of 5–25% that has been prioritised for research and development by the World Health Organisation. There are no CCHF rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) commercially available. We describe the development and evaluation of an antigen-targeting lateral flow immunoassay RDT for CCHF. Methods: Prospective clinical samples were collected and tested between July and October 2023 in Türkiye. Retrospective stored samples were obtained from the Central Public Health Laboratory, Baghdad, Iraq. The sensitivity and specificity of the CCHF RDT was compared to reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays. Findings: On prospective clinical samples in Türkiye, the sensitivity and specificity of the CCHF RDT was 90.4% [95% CI 81.5–95.3%] (n = 73) and 96.2% [95% CI 87.0–99.3%] (n = 52), respectively with a sensitivity of 92.9% [95% CI 84.3–96.9%] (n = 70) in samples with a cycle threshold (Ct) ≤30. On retrospective stored samples in Iraq, sensitivity and specificity of the RDT was 71.7% [95% CI 59.2–81.5%] (n = 60) and 92.5% [95% CI 80.1–97.8%] (n = 40), respectively with a sensitivity of 82.2% [95% CI 68.7–90.7%] (n = 45) in samples of Ct ≤30. Interpretation: The CCHF RDT was an effective rapid diagnostic test in this preliminary clinical evaluation, showing this RDT has the potential diagnostic capability for use at the point-of-care. Definitive evaluation is now required to ensure the RDT meets the regulatory requirements for commercialisation. Funding: The Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging Zoonotic Infections, The Medical Research Council and The Pandemic Institute.

Abstract Genetically modified maize DP51291 was developed to confer control against susceptible corn rootworm pests and tolerance to glufosinate‐containing herbicide; these properties were achieved by introducing the ipd072Aa, pmi and mo‐pat expression cassettes. The molecular characterisation data and bioinformatic analyses do not identify issues requiring food/feed safety assessment. None of the identified differences in the agronomic/phenotypic and compositional characteristics tested between maize DP51291 and its conventional counterpart needs further assessment, except for phosphorus in forage and manganese, proline, oleic acid (C18:1) and linoleic acid (C18:2) in grain, which do not raise safety and nutritional concerns. The GMO Panel does not identify safety concerns regarding the toxicity and allergenicity of the IPD072Aa, PAT and PMI proteins as expressed in maize DP51291 and finds no evidence that the genetic modification would change the overall allergenicity of maize DP51291. In the context of this application, the consumption of food and feed from maize DP51291 does not represent a nutritional concern in humans and animals. The GMO Panel concludes that maize DP51291 is as safe as its conventional counterpart and non‐GM maize varieties tested, and no post‐market monitoring of food/feed is considered necessary. In the case of accidental release of viable maize DP51291 grains into the environment, this would not raise environmental safety concerns. The post‐market environmental monitoring plan and reporting intervals are in line with the intended uses of maize DP51291. The GMO Panel concludes that maize DP51291 is as safe as its conventional counterpart and the tested non‐GM maize varieties with respect to potential effects on human and animal health and the environment.

Abstract Genetically modified Komagataella phaffii strain MXY0541 was developed to produce soy leghemoglobin by introducing the LGB2 coding sequence encoding leghemoglobin from soybean (Glycine max). The molecular characterisation data and bioinformatic analyses do not raise any safety concerns. The safety of soy leghemoglobin as a food additive has already been assessed by the EFSA FAF Panel (EFSA‐Q‐2022‐00031). The GMO Panel does not identify safety concerns regarding the toxicity and allergenicity of soy leghemoglobin protein as expressed in K. phaffii, and finds no evidence that the genetic modification would change its overall allergenicity. The GMO Panel concludes that the LegH Prep derived from genetically modified K. phaffii strain MXY0541 is safe for human consumption with regard to the effects of the genetic modification. No environmental impact from the use of this product is expected regarding the recombinant DNA sequences possibly remaining in the product. The GMO Panel concludes that LegH Prep from genetically modified K. phaffii strain MXY0541 is safe with respect to potential effects on human health and the environment at the proposed use and use level as far as the impact of the genetic modification is concerned. The overall conclusion is that the genetic modification does not lead to safety issues.

ABSTRACT Clinical trials of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) therapeutics often include virological secondary endpoints to compare viral clearance and viral load reduction between treatment and placebo arms. This is typically achieved using quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR (RT-qPCR), which cannot differentiate replicant competent virus from non-viable virus or free RNA, limiting its utility as an endpoint. Culture-based methods for SARS-CoV-2 exist; however, these are often insensitive and poorly standardized for use as clinical trial endpoints. We report optimization of a culture-based approach evaluating three cell lines, three detection methods, and key culture parameters. We show that Vero-angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-transmembrane serine protease 2 cells in combination with RT-qPCR of culture supernatants from the first passage provides the greatest overall detection of Delta viral replication (22 of 32, 68.8%), being able to identify viable virus in 83.3% (20 of 24) of clinical samples with initial Ct values of

Abordamos por primera vez la problemática ocasionada por el ataque y muerte de serpientes, ocasionada por perros, gallinas y gatos domésticos en Honduras al presentar nuevos registros de esta interacción. Los eventos ocurrieron a través de encuentros oportunistas entre 2020 y 2023. Registramos la depredación de 14 especies nativas de serpientes, en diferentes localidades de la región hondureña. Sugerimos que se implementen medidas de control de la población de felinos, especialmente en áreas protegidas.

Objetivo: identificar termos da linguagem especializada de enfermagem para o cuidado à pessoa com dor crônica; e mapear os termos identificados com a Classificação Internacional para a Prática de Enfermagem (CIPE®). Métodos: estudo descritivo, quantitativo, que contemplou as duas primeiras etapas do método brasileiro para desenvolvimento de subconjunto terminológico: identificação de termos relevantes, na literatura; e mapeamento cruzado dos termos identificados com a CIPE®. Resultados: foram identificados 1.120 termos no corpus da literatura, nos idiomas português e inglês. Em número de repetições destacam-se os termos dor, paciente, dor crônica, saúde e cuidado. O mapeamento pela ferramenta computacional MappICNP desdobrou os termos identificados e gerou 3.484 termos passíveis à equivalência. Dentre eles, 3.225 termos constantes na CIPE®, sendo 434 com mapeamento direto, 78 com equivalência léxica ou pelo radical, 2.447 termos mais abrangentes e 266 mais restritos. Um total de 259 termos não possuem equivalência com os termos da CIPE®. Conclusão: os termos identificados na literatura e mapeados com a CIPE® tem potencial para representar o cuidado de enfermagem à pessoa com dor crônica, pois descrevem atributos relacionados ao fenômeno. A padronização da linguagem de enfermagem neste contexto de cuidado poderá sustentar o registro dos elementos do processo de enfermagem em prontuários de paciente, colaborando para avaliação da qualidade da assistência e para visibilidade da profissão.

Abstract Following a request from the European Commission, the GMO Panel assessed additional information related to the application for authorisation of food and feed containing, consisting of and produced from genetically modified soybean MON × MON 87708 × MON 89788 (EFSA‐GMO‐NL‐2015‐126). The applicant conducted a 90‐day feeding study on GM soybean MON 87705 and provided a proposal for post‐market monitoring considering the altered fatty acid profile of GM soybean MON 87705 × MON 87708 × MON 89788, to fulfil the deficiencies identified by EFSA GMO Panel, addressing elements that remained inconclusive from a previous EFSA scientific opinion issued in 2020. The GMO Panel concludes that the 90‐day feeding study on GM soybean MON 87705 is in line with the requirements of Regulation (EU) No 503/2013 and that no treatment‐related adverse effects were observed in rats after feeding diets containing soybean MON 87705 meals at 30% or 15% for 90 days. The GMO Panel reiterates the recommendation for a PMM for food in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 and Regulation (EU) No 503/2013 and concludes that the proposal provided by the applicant is in line with the recommendations described for the PMM plan of soybean MON 87705 × MON 87708 × MON 89788 in the adopted scientific opinion. Taking into account the previous assessment and the new information, the GMO Panel concludes that soybean MON 87705 × MON 87708 × MON 89788, as assessed in the scientific opinion on application EFSA‐GMO‐NL‐2015‐126 and in the supplementary toxicity study, is as safe as its non‐GM comparator and the non‐GM reference varieties tested and does not represent a nutritional concern in humans and animals, within the scope of this application.

BackgroundSerum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) is a biomarker of neuroaxonal destruction that correlates with acute inflammation (AI) in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, in the treatment era, progression without AI is the main driver of long-term disability. sNfL may provide added value in detecting ongoing axonal damage and neurological worsening in patients without AI. We conducted a prospective three-year study on patients with a first MS relapse to evaluate the basal cut-off value predicting early increased disability unrelated to relapses.MethodssNfL levels and AI presence were measured every 6 months during the first year and the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) was monitored until the third year. Baseline cohorts were stratified by sNfL levels, using a cut-off derived from patients without AI (absence of clinical relapses, new/enlarging T2 lesions, or gadolinium enhancement in magnetic resonance imaging) at year one.ResultsFifty-one patients were included. A sNfL cut-off of 11 pg/mL predicted sustained neurological worsening independent of AI. Patients exceeding this threshold exhibited features of highly active MS (higher proportion of AI, oligoclonal M bands and higher EDSS). Despite AI ablation, sNfL levels persisted elevated and were significantly associated with increased EDSS at baseline and year 3. Patients with low sNfL and concurrent AI (n = 8) experienced relapses in the optic nerve, brainstem, and spinal cord topographies.ConclusionsNfL elevation may detect patients with increased disability even when AI is controlled. This may reveal mechanisms associated with early axonal degeneration and help identify patients at higher risk of progression.

BackgroundWe report the first case of findings suggestive of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and immune restitution syndrome (PML-IRIS) in a patient with multiple sclerosis receiving ozanimod preceded by an unexpected increase in the serum neurofilament light-chain (sNfL) levels.Case reportA 57-year-old-woman treated with ozanimod for the last 8 years presented, during surveillance MRI, with findings compatible with PML-IRIS. Overt clinical symptoms were absent. sNfL levels increased 4 months earlier and peaked at presentation. Lymphocyte count reached nadir of 330/mL at 8 months earlier.ConclusionThe case illustrates the utility of sNfL levels for PML surveillance in patients receiving immunosuppressors.

A case of a non-fatal crocodile attack on a human was reported on the banks of the Segovia River on the Honduras and Nicaragua border. The 12-year-old girl survived the attack, only with damage to the tibia of her right leg, where she lost part of the muscle tissue due to the bite. It was after the attack that the American crocodile was shot and killed by local people. In this paper, we discuss the possible causes of crocodile attacks.

A significant study of the amblypygid fauna of Honduras is lacking. Historically, species were misidentified and data on distribution, natural history and conservation status of the known species are lacking or insufficient. In this contribution, an overview on the amblypygids of Honduras, including taxonomy, distribution, natural history and comments on their conservation are provided. In a review of the literature of the Honduran amblypygids, we examined 21 works, including books, unpublished thesis, articles, the World Amblypygi Catalogue (2023), as well as the website Arácnidos de Centroamérica and the citizen-science websites Alamy, iNaturalist and Flicks. Only the family Phrynidae, with the genera Paraphrynus Moreno, 1940 and Phrynus Lamarck, 1801, is known to occur in Honduras. A total of seven species have been recorded, but only four [Paraphrynus laevifrons (Pocock, 1894), Phrynus palenque Armas, 1996, Ph. similis Armas, Víquez & Trujillo, 2017 and Ph. whitei Gervais, 1842] have been positively identified. No endemic species are known, but available data suggest that some undescribed new species may be restricted to Honduras. In order to understand the amblypygids of Honduras, sampling within the country must be conducted and revisionary studies will be needed. This paper examines our current knowledge of the fauna.

Abstract Changes in dietary patterns and body weight have become a focus of research in undergraduate students. This study compared breakfast consumption, intake of foods high in saturated fat, and BMI between medical and non-medical students. A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in 4,561 Peruvian university students, of whom 1,464 (32.1%) were from the medical field and 3,097 (67.9%) from the non-medical field. We compared the frequency of breakfast consumption (categorized as regular: 6 to 7 days/week; occasional: 3 to 5 days/week; and rarely or never: 0 to 2 days/week) and the frequency of consumption of foods high in saturated fat. We created simple and multiple linear and Poisson regression models with robust variance to evaluate the association of the mentioned variables with academic fields. Non-medical students (Adjusted Prevalence Ratio [PR] = 0.92, 95% CI 0.86–0.99; p = 0.008) were less likely to eat breakfast regularly compared to medical students. Likewise, consumption of foods high in saturated fats was higher in non-medical students (B = 1.47, 95% CI 0.91–2.04; p

Abstract Current strategies to promptly, effectively, and equitably screen people with tuberculosis (TB) and link them to diagnosis and care are insufficient; new approaches are required to find the millions of people around the world with TB who are missed each year. Interventions also need to be designed considering how people interact with health care facilities and where appropriate should be suitable for use in the community. Here, the historical, new, and reemerging technologies that are being utilised for TB diagnosis globally are discussed, whilst highlighting that how we use and evaluate tests is just as important as the tests themselves.

La maternidad es un fenómeno cultural complejo con representaciones socialmente construidas, significados y simbolismos en torno a la mujer. El artículo propone analizar las configuraciones de violencia simbólica en la maternidad en mujeres de Lima-Perú. Siguiendo un diseño fenomenológico, se entrevistó 13 mujeres estudiantes universitarias y madres por primera vez. Luego del análisis de las entrevistas, se identificó tres categorías principales: Significados de maternidad; maternidad con decepción, vergüenza y culpa; y primero madre, luego mujer. Los principales resultados indican que los significados de mujer se relacionan a la responsabilidad y dificultad, debido a los cambios corporales y sociales. La culpa surge por las expectativas y exigencia de los otros respecto a la condición materna lo cual genera conflictos emocionales en ellas; la figura paterna instala la vergüenza y decepción en las interacciones con las participantes a partir de construcciones y estereotipos de género; así mismo las participantes perciben que la maternidad ha desplazado el ser mujer dificultando la consolidación de su identidad como tal. Se concluye que las mujeres perciben la maternidad con un sentido de culpa debido al incumplimiento de aquellas acciones validadas en base a estereotipos y concepciones hegemónicas sobre familia, sociedad y roles de esposa y madre.

Despite the location (Earth or Space), surgical simulation is a vital part of improving technical skills and ensuring patients' safety in the real procedure. The purpose of this study is to describe the Space System for Minimally Invasive Surgery (SY-MIS©) project, which started in 2016 under the supervision of the Center for Space Systems (C-SET). The process connects the best features of the following machines: Biomedik Surgeon, Space Biosurgeon, SP-LAP 1, and SP-LAP 2, which were defined using the VDI 2221 guidelines. This research uses methods based on 3 standards: i) Biomedical design: ISO 9001-13485 / FDA 21 CFR 820.30 / ASTM F1744-96(2016); ii) Aerospace human factors: HF-STD-001; iii) Mechatronics design: VDI 2206. The results depict the conceptual biomedical design of a novel training system named Surgical Engineering and Mechatronic System (SETY©), which integrates the use of 2 laparoscopic tools and 2 anthropomorphic mini-robotic arms (6 DOF). It has been validated by the Evaluation of Technical Criteria, getting a total score of 90% related to clinical assessment, machine adaptability, and robustness. The novelty of the research lies in the introduction of a new procedure that covers the simultaneous use of laparoscopic and robotic systems, named Hybrid Cyber-Physical Surgery (HYS©). In conclusion, the development of SY-MIS© promotes the use of advanced technologies to improve surgical procedures and human-machine medical cooperation for the next frontier of habitability on other planets. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-01 Full Text: PDF