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1. Physical properties of trans-Neptunian object (143707) 2003 UY117 derived from stellar occultation and photometric observations

Author

Kretlow, M., Ortiz, J. L., Desmars, J., Morales, N., Rommel, F. L., Santos-Sanz, P., Vara-Lubiano, M., Fernández-Valenzuela, E., Alvarez-Candal, A., Duffard, R., Braga-Ribas, F., Sicardy, B., Castro-Tirado, A., Fernández-García, E. J., Sánchez, M., Sota, A., Assafin, M., Benedetti-Rossi, G., Boufleur, R., Camargo, J. I. B., Cikota, S., Gomes-Junior, A., Gómez-Limón, J. M., Kilic, Y., Lecacheux, J., Leiva, R., Marques-Oliveira, J., Morales, R., Morgado, B., Rizos, J. L., Roques, F., Souami, D., Vieira-Martins, R., Alarcon, M. R., Boninsegna, R., Çakır, O., Casarramona, F., Castellani, J. J., de la Cueva, I., Fişek, S., Guijarro, A., Haymes, T., Jehin, E., Kidd, S., Licandro, J., Maestre, J. L., Murgas, F., Pallé, E., Popescu, M., Pratt, A., Serra-Ricart, M., and Talbot, J. C.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) are considered to be among the most primitive objects in our Solar System. Knowledge of their primary physical properties is essential for understanding their origin and the evolution of the outer Solar System. We predicted a stellar occultation by this TNO for 2020 October 23 UT and ran a specific campaign to investigate this event. We derived the projected profile shape and size from the occultation observations by means of an elliptical fit to the occultation chords. We also performed photometric observations of (143707) 2003 UY117 to obtain the absolute magnitude and the rotational period from the observed rotational light curve. Finally, we combined these results to derive the three-dimensional shape, volume-equivalent diameter, and geometric albedo for this TNO. From the stellar occultation, we obtained a projected ellipse with axes of $(282 \pm 18) \times (184 \pm 32)$ km. The area-equivalent diameter for this ellipse is $D_\textrm{eq,A} = 228 \pm 21$ km. From our photometric $R$ band observations, we derived an absolute magnitude of $H_V = 5.97 \pm 0.07$ mag using $V-R = 0.46 \pm 0.07$ mag, which was derived from a $V$ band subset of these data. The rotational light curve has a peak-to-valley amplitude of $\Delta m = 0.36 \pm 0.13$ mag. We find the most likely rotation period to be $P = 12.376 \pm 0.0033$ hours. By combining the occultation with the rotational light curve results and assuming a triaxial ellipsoid, we derived axes of $a \times b \times c = (332 \pm 24)$ km $\times$ $(216 \pm 24)$ km $\times$ $(180\substack{+28\\-24})$ km for this ellipsoid, and therefore a volume-equivalent diameter of $D_\textrm{eq,V} = 235 \pm 25$ km. Finally, the values for the absolute magnitude and for the area-equivalent diameter yield a geometric albedo of $p_V = 0.139 \pm 0.027$., Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics on Sept 13, 2024

Published
2024

2. A Framework for Standardizing Similarity Measures in a Rapidly Evolving Field

Author

Cloos, Nathan, Yang, Guangyu Robert, and Cueva, Christopher J.

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Similarity measures are fundamental tools for quantifying the alignment between artificial and biological systems. However, the diversity of similarity measures and their varied naming and implementation conventions makes it challenging to compare across studies. To facilitate comparisons and make explicit the implementation choices underlying a given code package, we have created and are continuing to develop a Python repository that benchmarks and standardizes similarity measures. The goal of creating a consistent naming convention that uniquely and efficiently specifies a similarity measure is not trivial as, for example, even commonly used methods like Centered Kernel Alignment (CKA) have at least 12 different variations, and this number will likely continue to grow as the field evolves. For this reason, we do not advocate for a fixed, definitive naming convention. The landscape of similarity measures and best practices will continue to change and so we see our current repository, which incorporates approximately 100 different similarity measures from 14 packages, as providing a useful tool at this snapshot in time. To accommodate the evolution of the field we present a framework for developing, validating, and refining naming conventions with the goal of uniquely and efficiently specifying similarity measures, ultimately making it easier for the community to make comparisons across studies., Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures

Published
2024

3. Implementing the CLIL Approach through Online Games in EFL Education

Author

Cesar Ochoa-Cueva, Paola Cabrera-Solano, and Luz Castillo-Cuesta

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to implement the Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) approach employing online games for English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teaching and learning. The participants were 53 EFL Ecuadorian university students, 17 males and 36 females, who were enrolled in an English Major and a TEFL Master program. Their proficiency level corresponded to B2 according to the Common European Framework of Reference. The study followed a mixed-method approach, which involved the administration of a diagnostic survey, an online perceptions questionnaire, an interview, and an observation checklist. Games designed in Quizizz, Kahoot, Genially, and Socrative were implemented for 8 weeks so that the participants could access them to practice the content of each lesson. The findings revealed that the CLIL approach through games improves language learning and communication. Moreover, they foster students' confidence, knowledge retention, and comprehension of the subject matter, enhancing reasoning, problem-solving, critical thinking, and cultural awareness.

Published
2024

4. Baba Is AI: Break the Rules to Beat the Benchmark

Author

Cloos, Nathan, Jens, Meagan, Naim, Michelangelo, Kuo, Yen-Ling, Cases, Ignacio, Barbu, Andrei, and Cueva, Christopher J.

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

Humans solve problems by following existing rules and procedures, and also by leaps of creativity to redefine those rules and objectives. To probe these abilities, we developed a new benchmark based on the game Baba Is You where an agent manipulates both objects in the environment and rules, represented by movable tiles with words written on them, to reach a specified goal and win the game. We test three state-of-the-art multi-modal large language models (OpenAI GPT-4o, Google Gemini-1.5-Pro and Gemini-1.5-Flash) and find that they fail dramatically when generalization requires that the rules of the game must be manipulated and combined., Comment: 8 pages, 8 figures

Published
2024

5. Curriculum Is More Influential Than Haptic Information During Reinforcement Learning of Object Manipulation Against Gravity

Author

Ojaghi, Pegah, Mir, Romina, Marjaninejad, Ali, Erwin, Andrew, Wehner, Michael, and Valero-Cueva, Francisco J

Subjects
Computer Science - Robotics, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Learning to lift and rotate objects with the fingertips is necessary for autonomous in-hand dexterous manipulation. In our study, we explore the impact of various factors on successful learning strategies for this task. Specifically, we investigate the role of curriculum learning and haptic feedback in enabling the learning of dexterous manipulation. Using model-free Reinforcement Learning, we compare different curricula and two haptic information modalities (No-tactile vs. 3D-force sensing) for lifting and rotating a ball against gravity with a three-fingered simulated robotic hand with no visual input. Note that our best results were obtained when we used a novel curriculum-based learning rate scheduler, which adjusts the linearly-decaying learning rate when the reward is changed as it accelerates convergence to higher rewards. Our findings demonstrate that the choice of curriculum greatly biases the acquisition of different features of dexterous manipulation. Surprisingly, successful learning can be achieved even in the absence of tactile feedback, challenging conventional assumptions about the necessity of haptic information for dexterous manipulation tasks. We demonstrate the generalizability of our results to balls of different weights and sizes, underscoring the robustness of our learning approach. This work, therefore, emphasizes the importance of the choice curriculum and challenges long-held notions about the need for tactile information to autonomously learn in-hand dexterous manipulation.

Published
2024

6. Differentiable Optimization of Similarity Scores Between Models and Brains

Author

Cloos, Nathan, Li, Moufan, Siegel, Markus, Brincat, Scott L., Miller, Earl K., Yang, Guangyu Robert, and Cueva, Christopher J.

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

What metrics should guide the development of more realistic models of the brain? One proposal is to quantify the similarity between models and brains using methods such as linear regression, Centered Kernel Alignment (CKA), and angular Procrustes distance. To better understand the limitations of these similarity measures we analyze neural activity recorded in five experiments on nonhuman primates, and optimize synthetic datasets to become more similar to these neural recordings. How similar can these synthetic datasets be to neural activity while failing to encode task relevant variables? We find that some measures like linear regression and CKA, differ from angular Procrustes, and yield high similarity scores even when task relevant variables cannot be linearly decoded from the synthetic datasets. Synthetic datasets optimized to maximize similarity scores initially learn the first principal component of the target dataset, but angular Procrustes captures higher variance dimensions much earlier than methods like linear regression and CKA. We show in both theory and simulations how these scores change when different principal components are perturbed. And finally, we jointly optimize multiple similarity scores to find their allowed ranges, and show that a high angular Procrustes similarity, for example, implies a high CKA score, but not the converse., Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures

Published
2024

7. BYORP and Dissipation in Binary Asteroids: Lessons from DART

Author

Ćuk, Matija, Agrusa, Harrison, Cueva, Rachel H., Ferrari, Fabio, Hirabayashi, Masatoshi, Jacobson, Seth A., McMahon, Jay, Michel, Patrick, Sánchez, Paul, Scheeres, Daniel J., Schwartz, Stephen, Walsh, Kevin J., and Zhang, Yun

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

The Near-Earth binary asteroid Didymos was the target of a planetary defense demonstration mission DART in September 2022. The smaller binary component, Dimorphos, was impacted by the spacecraft in order to measure momentum transfer in kinetic impacts into rubble piles. DART and associated Earth-based observation campaigns have provided a wealth of scientific data on the Didymos-Dimorphos binary. DART revealed a largely oblate and ellipsoidal shape of Dimorphos before the impact, while the post-impact observations suggest that Dimorphos now has a prolate shape. Here we add those data points to the known properties of small binary asteroids and propose new paradigms of the radiative binary YORP (BYORP) effect as well as tidal dissipation in small binaries. We find that relatively spheroidal bodies like Dimorphos made of small debris may experience a weaker and more size-dependent BYORP effect than previously thought. This could explain the observed values of period drift in several well-characterized binaries. We also propose that energy dissipation in small binaries is dominated by relatively brief episodes of large-scale movement of (likely surface) materials, rather than long-term steady-state tidal dissipation. We propose that one such episode was triggered on Dimorphos by the DART impact. Depending on the longevity of this high-dissipation regime, it is possible that Dimorphos will be more dynamically relaxed in time for the Hera mission than it was in the weeks following the impact., Comment: Accepted for PSJ

Published
2024

8. CVQA: Culturally-diverse Multilingual Visual Question Answering Benchmark

Author

Romero, David, Lyu, Chenyang, Wibowo, Haryo Akbarianto, Lynn, Teresa, Hamed, Injy, Kishore, Aditya Nanda, Mandal, Aishik, Dragonetti, Alina, Abzaliev, Artem, Tonja, Atnafu Lambebo, Balcha, Bontu Fufa, Whitehouse, Chenxi, Salamea, Christian, Velasco, Dan John, Adelani, David Ifeoluwa, Meur, David Le, Villa-Cueva, Emilio, Koto, Fajri, Farooqui, Fauzan, Belcavello, Frederico, Batnasan, Ganzorig, Vallejo, Gisela, Caulfield, Grainne, Ivetta, Guido, Song, Haiyue, Ademtew, Henok Biadglign, Maina, Hernán, Lovenia, Holy, Azime, Israel Abebe, Cruz, Jan Christian Blaise, Gala, Jay, Geng, Jiahui, Ortiz-Barajas, Jesus-German, Baek, Jinheon, Dunstan, Jocelyn, Alemany, Laura Alonso, Nagasinghe, Kumaranage Ravindu Yasas, Benotti, Luciana, D'Haro, Luis Fernando, Viridiano, Marcelo, Estecha-Garitagoitia, Marcos, Cabrera, Maria Camila Buitrago, Rodríguez-Cantelar, Mario, Jouitteau, Mélanie, Mihaylov, Mihail, Imam, Mohamed Fazli Mohamed, Adilazuarda, Muhammad Farid, Gochoo, Munkhjargal, Otgonbold, Munkh-Erdene, Etori, Naome, Niyomugisha, Olivier, Silva, Paula Mónica, Chitale, Pranjal, Dabre, Raj, Chevi, Rendi, Zhang, Ruochen, Diandaru, Ryandito, Cahyawijaya, Samuel, Góngora, Santiago, Jeong, Soyeong, Purkayastha, Sukannya, Kuribayashi, Tatsuki, Jayakumar, Thanmay, Torrent, Tiago Timponi, Ehsan, Toqeer, Araujo, Vladimir, Kementchedjhieva, Yova, Burzo, Zara, Lim, Zheng Wei, Yong, Zheng Xin, Ignat, Oana, Nwatu, Joan, Mihalcea, Rada, Solorio, Thamar, and Aji, Alham Fikri

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Visual Question Answering (VQA) is an important task in multimodal AI, and it is often used to test the ability of vision-language models to understand and reason on knowledge present in both visual and textual data. However, most of the current VQA models use datasets that are primarily focused on English and a few major world languages, with images that are typically Western-centric. While recent efforts have tried to increase the number of languages covered on VQA datasets, they still lack diversity in low-resource languages. More importantly, although these datasets often extend their linguistic range via translation or some other approaches, they usually keep images the same, resulting in narrow cultural representation. To address these limitations, we construct CVQA, a new Culturally-diverse multilingual Visual Question Answering benchmark, designed to cover a rich set of languages and cultures, where we engage native speakers and cultural experts in the data collection process. As a result, CVQA includes culturally-driven images and questions from across 28 countries on four continents, covering 26 languages with 11 scripts, providing a total of 9k questions. We then benchmark several Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) on CVQA, and show that the dataset is challenging for the current state-of-the-art models. This benchmark can serve as a probing evaluation suite for assessing the cultural capability and bias of multimodal models and hopefully encourage more research efforts toward increasing cultural awareness and linguistic diversity in this field.

Published
2024

9. Adaptive Cross-lingual Text Classification through In-Context One-Shot Demonstrations

Author

Villa-Cueva, Emilio, López-Monroy, A. Pastor, Sánchez-Vega, Fernando, and Solorio, Thamar

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

Zero-Shot Cross-lingual Transfer (ZS-XLT) utilizes a model trained in a source language to make predictions in another language, often with a performance loss. To alleviate this, additional improvements can be achieved through subsequent adaptation using examples in the target language. In this paper, we exploit In-Context Tuning (ICT) for One-Shot Cross-lingual transfer in the classification task by introducing In-Context Cross-lingual Transfer (IC-XLT). The novel concept involves training a model to learn from context examples and subsequently adapting it during inference to a target language by prepending a One-Shot context demonstration in that language. Our results show that IC-XLT successfully leverages target-language examples to improve the cross-lingual capabilities of the evaluated mT5 model, outperforming prompt-based models in the Zero and Few-shot scenarios adapted through fine-tuning. Moreover, we show that when source-language data is limited, the fine-tuning framework employed for IC-XLT performs comparably to prompt-based fine-tuning with significantly more training data in the source language., Comment: Accepted to NAACL 2024

Published
2024

17. A large topographic feature on the surface of the trans-Neptunian object (307261) 2002 MS$_4$ measured from stellar occultations

Author

Rommel, F. L., Braga-Ribas, F., Ortiz, J. L., Sicardy, B., Santos-Sanz, P., Desmars, J., Camargo, J. I. B., Vieira-Martins, R., Assafin, M., Morgado, B. E., Boufleur, R. C., Benedetti-Rossi, G., Gomes-Júnior, A. R., Fernández-Valenzuela, E., Holler, B. J., Souami, D., Duffard, R., Margoti, G., Vara-Lubiano, M., Lecacheux, J., Plouvier, J. L., Morales, N., Maury, A., Fabrega, J., Ceravolo, P., Jehin, E., Albanese, D., Mariey, H., Cikota, S., Ruždjak, D., Cikota, A., Szakáts, R., Aissa, D. Baba, Gringahcene, Z., Kashuba, V., Koshkin, N., Zhukov, V., Fişek, S., Çakır, O., Özer, S., Schnabel, C., Schnabel, M., Signoret, F., Morrone, L., Santana-Ros, T., Pereira, C. L., Emilio, M., Burdanov, A. Y., de Wit, J., Barkaoui, K., Gillon, M., Leto, G., Frasca, A., Catanzaro, G., Sanchez, R. Zanmar, Tagliaferri, U., Di Sora, M., Isopi, G., Krugly, Y., Slyusarev, I., Chiorny, V., Mikuž, H., Bacci, P., Maestripieri, M., Grazia, M. D., de la Cueva, I., Yuste-Moreno, M., Ciabattari, F., Kozhukhov, O. M., Serra-Ricart, M., Alarcon, M. R., Licandro, J., Masi, G., Bacci, R., Bosch, J. M., Behem, R., Prost, J. -P., Renner, S., Conjat, M., Bachini, M., Succi, G., Stoian, L., Juravle, A., Carosati, D., Gowe, B., Carrillo, J., Zheleznyak, A. P., Montigiani, N., Foster, C. R., Mannucci, M., Ruocco, N., Cuevas, F., Di Marcantonio, P., Coretti, I., Iafrate, G., Baldini, V., Collins, M., Pál, A., Csák, B., Fernández-Garcia, E., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Hudin, L., Madiedo, J. M., Anghel, R. M., Calvo-Fernández, J. F., Valvasori, A., Guido, E., Gherase, R. M., Kamoun, S., Fafet, R., Sánchez-González, M., Curelaru, L., Vîntdevară, C. D., Danescu, C. A., Gout, J. -F., Schmitz, C. J., Sota, A., Belskaya, I., Rodríguez-Marco, M., Kilic, Y., Frappa, E., Klotz, A., Lavayssière, M., Oliveira, J. Marques, Popescu, M., Mammana, L. A., Fernández-Lajús, E., Schmidt, M., Hopp, U., Komžík, R., Pribulla, T., Tomko, D., Husárik, M., Erece, O., Eryilmaz, S., Buzzi, L., Gährken, B., Nardiello, D., Hornoch, K., Sonbas, E., Er, H., Burwitz, V., Sybilski, P. Waldemar, Bykowski, W., Müller, T. G., Ogloza, W., Gonçalves, R., Ferreira, J. F., Ferreira, M., Bento, M., Meister, S., Bagiran, M. N., Tekeş, M., Marciniak, A., Moravec, Z., Delinčák, P., Gianni, G., Casalnuovo, G. B., Boutet, M., Sanchez, J., Klemt, B., Wuensche, N., Burzynski, W., Borkowski, M., Serrau, M., Dangl, G., Klös, O., Weber, C., Urbaník, M., Rousselot, L., Kubánek, J., André, P., Colazo, C., Spagnotto, J., Sickafoose, A. A., Hueso, R., Sánchez-Lavega, A., Fisher, R. S., Rengstorf, A. W., Perelló, C., Dascalu, M., Altan, M., Gazeas, K., de Santana, T., Sfair, R., Winter, O. C., Kalkan, S., Canales-Moreno, O., Trigo-Rodríguez, J. M., Tsamis, V., Tigani, K., Sioulas, N., Lekkas, G., Bertesteanu, D. N., Dumitrescu, V., Wilberger, A. J., Barnes, J. W., Fieber-Beyer, S. K., Swaney, R. L., Fuentes, C., Mendez, R. A., Dumitru, B. D., Flynn, R. L., and Wake, D. A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

This work aims at constraining the size, shape, and geometric albedo of the dwarf planet candidate 2002 MS4 through the analysis of nine stellar occultation events. Using multichord detection, we also studied the object's topography by analyzing the obtained limb and the residuals between observed chords and the best-fitted ellipse. We predicted and organized the observational campaigns of nine stellar occultations by 2002 MS4 between 2019 and 2022, resulting in two single-chord events, four double-chord detections, and three events with three to up to sixty-one positive chords. Using 13 selected chords from the 8 August 2020 event, we determined the global elliptical limb of 2002 MS4. The best-fitted ellipse, combined with the object's rotational information from the literature, constrains the object's size, shape, and albedo. Additionally, we developed a new method to characterize topography features on the object's limb. The global limb has a semi-major axis of 412 $\pm$ 10 km, a semi-minor axis of 385 $\pm$ 17 km, and the position angle of the minor axis is 121 $^\circ$ $\pm$ 16$^\circ$. From this instantaneous limb, we obtained 2002 MS4's geometric albedo and the projected area-equivalent diameter. Significant deviations from the fitted ellipse in the northernmost limb are detected from multiple sites highlighting three distinct topographic features: one 11 km depth depression followed by a 25$^{+4}_{-5}$ km height elevation next to a crater-like depression with an extension of 322 $\pm$ 39 km and 45.1 $\pm$ 1.5 km deep. Our results present an object that is $\approx$138 km smaller in diameter than derived from thermal data, possibly indicating the presence of a so-far unknown satellite. However, within the error bars, the geometric albedo in the V-band agrees with the results published in the literature, even with the radiometric-derived albedo.

Published
2023
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18. Role of cfDNA and ctDNA to improve the risk stratification and the disease follow-up in patients with endometrial cancer: towards the clinical application

Author

Carlos Casas-Arozamena, Ana Vilar, Juan Cueva, Efigenia Arias, Victoria Sampayo, Eva Diaz, Sara S Oltra, Cristian Pablo Moiola, Silvia Cabrera, Alexandra Cortegoso, Teresa Curiel, Alicia Abalo, Mónica Pamies Serrano, Santiago Domingo, Pablo Padilla-Iserte, Marta Arnaez de la Cruz, Alicia Hernández, Virginia García-Pineda, Juan Ruiz-Bañobre, Rafael López, Xavier Matias-Guiu, Eva Colás, Antonio Gil-Moreno, Miguel Abal, Gema Moreno-Bueno, and Laura Muinelo-Romay

Subjects
Liquid Biopsy, Endometrial cancer, Blood biomarkers, Prognostic biomarkers, Tumour kinetics, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background There has been a rise in endometrial cancer (EC) incidence leading to increased mortality. To counter this trend, improving the stratification of post-surgery recurrence risk and anticipating disease relapse and treatment resistance is essential. Liquid biopsy analyses offer a promising tool for these clinical challenges, though the best strategy for applying them in EC must be defined. This study was designed to determine the value of cfDNA/ctDNA monitoring in improving the clinical management of patients with localized and recurrent disease. Methods Plasma samples and uterine aspirates (UA) from 198 EC patients were collected at surgery and over time. The genetic landscape of UAs was characterized using targeted sequencing. Total cfDNA was analyzed for ctDNA presence based on the UA mutational profile. Results High cfDNA levels and detectable ctDNA at baseline correlated with poor prognosis for DFS (p-value

Published
2024
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19. Mediating role of digital skills and mobile self-efficacy in the stress and academic engagement of Peruvian university students in postpandemic virtual environments

Author

Carmen Graciela Arbulú Pérez Vargas, Juan Pablo Moreno Muro, José Williams Pérez Delgado, Danicsa Karina Espino Carrasco, Amado Fernández Cueva, and Benicio Gonzalo Acosta-Enriquez

Subjects
Remote education, COVID-19, Academic engagement, Stress, Digital skills, Mobile self-efficacy, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

Abstract Background Remote education emerged as an option during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, this modality continues to be used by various universities around the world in the postpandemic context. The aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of digital skills and mobile self-efficacy in the influence of stress on the academic engagement of Peruvian university students during remote teaching by COVID-19 using structural equation modeling (SEM). Method This study involved 1,468 students from nine public and private universities in northern Peru who had undergraduate and graduate distance learning programs. Results The results showed that stress negatively influenced academic engagement (β=-0.107*) and digital skills (β=-0.328***). In addition, digital skills (β = 0.470**) and mobile self-efficacy (β = 0.684***) positively influence academic engagement. Similarly, digital skills mediate the relationship between stress and academic engagement (β=-0.154**), and both variables act as sequential mediators in this relationship (β=-0.348***). Conclusion This study provides a deeper understanding of the factors that influence academic engagement during Remote education and lays the groundwork for the development of interventions and training programs tailored to hybrid learning contexts that promote the well-being and academic success of college students in postpandemic times.

Published
2024
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20. Ecological aspects of three strains of entomopathogenic nematodes from the department of Lambayeque-Peru

Author

Jennifher Elizabeth Rodas Adrianzén, Raúl Samuel Cueva Dávila, Edgar Darwin Pérez Tesén, Carmen Patricia Calderón Arias, and Alexander Chávez Cabrera

Subjects
Entomopathogenic nematodes, Ecological aspects, Reproductive potential, Displacement capacity, Lc50 value, Agriculture
Abstract

Abstract Background Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) are used as a biological control agent for different insect pests in agriculture. The genera Heterorhabditis and Steinernema are the most used commercially. For an EPN species to be used as a biological controller, it is necessary to know its ecological aspects, including reproductive potential, movement capacity, and mean lethal concentration (LC50). These aspects were evaluated in three EPN strains isolated in Galleria mellonella larvae collected in the Lambayeque-Peru region, to determine if they are promising as biological controllers. The strains of EPN studied are Heterorhabditis sp. (PC9 strain), H. bacteriophora Poinar (PM10 strain), and Steinernema diaprepesi Nguyen y Duncan (SV19 strain). Results Heterorhabditis sp. (PC9 strain) and H. bacteriophora (PM10 strain) had high production of infective juveniles (IJs): 217.750 and 186.800, respectively, while S. diaprepesi (SV19 strain) only reached 84.150 IJs. The movement capacity of Heterorhabditis sp. (PC9 strain) and H. bacteriophora (PM10 strain) reached a depth of 15 cm to parasitize G. mellonella larvae, while S. diaprepesi (SV19 strain) only reached 10 cm. In decreasing order, the LC50 value of S. diaprepesi (SV19 strain), Heterorhabditis sp. (PC9 strain) and H. bacteriophora (PM10 strain) were: 24.03, 13.74, and 8.19 IJs/ml, respectively. Conclusions Heterorhabditis sp. PC9 and H. bacteriophora PM10 are promising a biological control agent because they present great production of IJs, great displacement capacity, and high pathogenicity against G. mellonella. Additionally, both strains present a mixed search strategy or seeker-hunter (seeker-browser).

Published
2024
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21. Acceptance of artificial intelligence and its effect on entrepreneurial intention in foreign trade students: a mirror analysis

Author

Sandra Sayonara Solórzano Solórzano, Johanna Micaela Pizarro Romero, Jimmy Gabriel Díaz Cueva, Jorge Eduardo Arias Montero, Michael Andrés Zamora Campoverde, Mariana Malvina Lozzelli Valarezo, Jose Carlos Montes Ninaquispe, Benicio Gonzalo Acosta Enriquez, and Marco Agustín Arbulú Ballesteros

Subjects
Artificial intelligence, Entrepreneurship, Acceptance of AI, College students, Foreign trade, Educational technology, Business, HF5001-6182, Commercial geography. Economic geography, HF1021-1027
Abstract

Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) has experienced a significant increase in its application in the educational field worldwide. This study aimed to analyze the acceptance of AI and its effect on the entrepreneurial intentions of international trade university students in Peru and Ecuador. With a quantitative approach and a non-experimental applied design, an online survey was administered to international trade students from Peru and Ecuador. Amos version 24 software was used to obtain model fit indices and perform gender-based invariance tests. Additionally, SmartPLS statistical software, based on the partial least squares (PLS) technique, was employed to test the hypotheses of the structural equation model (SEM). The measurement model presented acceptable fit indices. When calculating invariance, the configural, metric, and scalar models were satisfactory, although the residual model was not confirmed. It was found that hedonic motivation, habit, and performance expectations influenced international trade students’ intention to use AI. Likewise, it was discovered that the intention to use AI tools has an effect on entrepreneurial intention. Gender and age did not moderate the effect of AI usage intention on entrepreneurial intention. The study provides empirical evidence on the acceptance of AI and its influence on students’ entrepreneurial intentions, offering valuable information for educators, policymakers, and technology developers in the educational field.

Published
2024
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22. Equity Lens: Teachers' Beliefs of Culturally Responsive Teaching, Reading Instructional Practices, and RtI Tier 1 Practices in a High-Poverty School District

Author

Catherine Cueva

Abstract

Teacher self-efficacy has been shown to impact student's achievement. This study examined teachers' self-efficacy beliefs as it related to their ability to implement culturally responsive teaching and reading instructional practices as part of Response to Intervention Tier 1 practices in a high-poverty school district. The belief scores of 99 elementary school teachers were examined across one high-poverty school district in the northeast. The non-experimental study used a self-efficacy survey adapted from four surveys to determine teachers' confidence in their ability to implement culturally responsive teaching, reading instructional practice, and RtI Tier 1 practices. The researcher also examined teachers' general beliefs about challenges and resources related to teaching students of different races, ethnicities, and cultures in a high-poverty school district. The findings showed that teachers' beliefs in their ability to implement culturally responsive teaching practices did not differ by race/ethnicity. The study also revealed that teachers' beliefs in their ability to implement reading instructional practice differed by years of experience but not grade level. RtI Tier 1 practices belief scores showed no difference by years of experience or grade level. Implications for future practices and research are provided as a way to strengthen systems, practices, and professional development for teachers serving Black and Brown students in a high-poverty school district are discussed. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]

Published
2024

23. Role of cfDNA and ctDNA to improve the risk stratification and the disease follow-up in patients with endometrial cancer: towards the clinical application

Author

Casas-Arozamena, Carlos, Vilar, Ana, Cueva, Juan, Arias, Efigenia, Sampayo, Victoria, Diaz, Eva, Oltra, Sara S, Moiola, Cristian Pablo, Cabrera, Silvia, Cortegoso, Alexandra, Curiel, Teresa, Abalo, Alicia, Pamies Serrano, Mónica, Domingo, Santiago, Padilla-Iserte, Pablo, Arnaez de la Cruz, Marta, Hernández, Alicia, García-Pineda, Virginia, Ruiz-Bañobre, Juan, López, Rafael, Matias-Guiu, Xavier, Colás, Eva, Gil-Moreno, Antonio, Abal, Miguel, Moreno-Bueno, Gema, and Muinelo-Romay, Laura

Published
2024
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27. Effectiveness of deep brain stimulation on refractory aggression in pediatric patients with autism and severe intellectual disability: meta-analytic review

Author

Herrera-Pino, Jorge, Benedetti-Isaac, Juancarlos, Ripoll-Córdoba, Daniela, Camargo, Loida, Castillo-Tamara, Edgard E., Morales-Asencio, Breiner, Perea-Castro, Esther, Torres Zambrano, Martín, Ducassou, Alejandro, Flórez, Yuliana, Porto, María F., Gargiulo, Pascual A., Zurita-Cueva, Boris, Caldichoury, Nicole, Coronado, Juan-Carlos, Castellanos, Cesar, Ramírez-Penso, Cleto, and López, Norman

Published
2024
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35. HERMES: qualification of High pErformance pRogrammable Microprocessor and dEvelopment of Software ecosystem

Author

Ibellaatti, Nadia, Lepape, Edouard, Kilic, Alp, Akyel, Kaya, Chouayakh, Kassem, Ferrandi, Fabrizio, Barone, Claudio, Curzel, Serena, Fiorito, Michele, Gozzi, Giovanni, Masmano, Miguel, Navarro, Ana Risquez, Muñoz, Manuel, Gallego, Vicente Nicolau, Cueva, Patricia Lopez, Letrillard, Jean-noel, and Wartel, Franck

Subjects
Computer Science - Other Computer Science, Computer Science - Hardware Architecture, Computer Science - Software Engineering
Abstract

European efforts to boost competitiveness in the sector of space services promote the research and development of advanced software and hardware solutions. The EU-funded HERMES project contributes to the effort by qualifying radiation-hardened, high-performance programmable microprocessors, and by developing a software ecosystem that facilitates the deployment of complex applications on such platforms. The main objectives of the project include reaching a technology readiness level of 6 (i.e., validated and demonstrated in relevant environment) for the rad-hard NG-ULTRA FPGA with its ceramic hermetic package CGA 1752, developed within projects of the European Space Agency, French National Centre for Space Studies and the European Union. An equally important share of the project is dedicated to the development and validation of tools that support multicore software programming and FPGA acceleration, including Bambu for High-Level Synthesis and the XtratuM hypervisor with a level one boot loader for virtualization., Comment: Accepted for publication at DATE 2023

Published
2023

36. Vigilancia de lesiones de causa externa en Hospital de referencia nacional de seguridad social, Honduras

Author

Santos Marleni Montes, Jairo Aníbal Castellanos Girón, Briana Beltran, José Cueva, Claudia Moreno, and Daniela Escalante

Subjects
prehospital care, social security, traffic accidents, trauma, Medicine
Abstract

Introduction: In Latin America, developing countries have an incidence rate of polytraumatism twice as high as in devel-oped countries. Objective: To analyze external cause injuries (ECI) in patients with rights at the National Reference Hospital of Social Security, Honduras, in order to guide the formulation of policies for promotion, prevention and timely intervention. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study, the population were patients diagnosed with ECI in the hospital’s emergency room. Stratified sampling was used Inclusion criteria were adult and child patients diagnosed with ECI, clinical history and daily care records. Exclusion criteria were adult and child patients diagnosed with ECI who were admitted without vital signs, who did not agree to participate in the study and who provided incomplete information. The information was collected via Google Forms. Informed consent was given to the participants. Results: Of the beneficiaries with ECI, 72.51% were male, the mean age was 36 years, 82.46% were direct beneficiaries and 69% were from Francisco Morazán. According to the mecha-nism of LCE according to intentionality, 98.8% were unintentional and of these 55.3% (94) were due to road accidents. The severity of the injury was moderate in 83.5%. Also, 3.5% were disabled. Discussion: ECI are currently an important public health problem, with road accidents being the most important mechanism for their triggering. The severity of these is moderate, causing damage to different parts of the body.

Published
2024
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37. Effectiveness of deep brain stimulation on refractory aggression in pediatric patients with autism and severe intellectual disability: meta-analytic review

Author

Jorge Herrera-Pino, Juancarlos Benedetti-Isaac, Daniela Ripoll-Córdoba, Loida Camargo, Edgard E. Castillo-Tamara, Breiner Morales-Asencio, Esther Perea-Castro, Martín Torres Zambrano, Alejandro Ducassou, Yuliana Flórez, María F. Porto, Pascual A. Gargiulo, Boris Zurita-Cueva, Nicole Caldichoury, Juan-Carlos Coronado, Cesar Castellanos, Cleto Ramírez-Penso, and Norman López

Subjects
Deep brain stimulation, Autism, Intellectual disability, Aggressive, Metanalysis, Pediatrics, RJ1-570
Abstract

Abstract Some patients with autism and severe intellectual disability may experience uncontrolled aggression, causing serious injury or harm to others, and the therapeutic ineffectiveness of traditional pharmacological and behavioral treatment may aggravate symptoms. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been tested in patients with little evidence in children and adolescents. Therefore, we analyzed the efficacy and safety of DBS in refractory aggression in pediatric subjects with autism (ASD) and severe intelligence deficit (ID). Methods A meta-analytic review of Web of Science (WOS) and Scopus articles, following Prisma criteria. A total of 555 articles were identified, but after applying the inclusion criteria, only 18 were analyzed. The review of the registries and the extraction of information was performed by 2 independent groups, to reduce the evaluator’s bias. For the description of the results, pediatric patients with ASD or ID present in each registry, with an application of specialized scales (Overt aggression scale, OAS, and THE modified version of the OAS, MOAS) pre and post-DBS, with a clinical follow-up of at least 12 months, were considered valid. Clinical improvement was calculated using tests of aggressiveness. In each registry with available data and then pooling the means of all patients in the OAS and MOAS, the effect size of DBS (overall and per study) was estimated. Finally, the adapted NOS scale was applied to rate the studies’ quality and level of bias. Results In the studies analyzed, 65/100 were pediatric patients, with a mean age of 16.8 years. Most of the studies were conducted in South America and Europe. In all teams, aggressive behavior was intractable, but only 9 groups (53/65) applied specialized scales to measure aggressiveness, and of these, only 51 subjects had a follow-up of at least 12 months. Thus, in 48/51 a clinical improvement of patients was estimated (94.2%), with a considerable overall effect size (OAS: d = 4.32; MOAS: d = 1.46). However, adverse effects and complications were found in 13/65 subjects undergoing DBS. The brain target with the most evidence and the fewest side effects was the posteromedial hypothalamic nuclei (pHypN). Finally, applying the adapted NOS scale, quality, and bias, only 9 studies show the best indicators. Conclusion An optimal level of efficacy was found in only half of the publications. This is mainly due to design errors and irrelevant information in the reports. We believe that DBS in intractable aggressiveness in children and adolescents with ASD and severe ID can be safe and effective if working groups apply rigorous criteria for patient selection, interdisciplinary assessments, objective scales for aggressiveness, and known surgical targets.

Published
2024
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38. Quality Assessment of Systematic Reviews Performed As An Undergraduate thesis in A Peruvian University: A Systematic Review

Author

Pichardo-Rodriguez R, Altuna-Moscoso V, Aviles-Antezana K, Cahuana-Mendoza AL, Challco Alvarado AA, Gonzales-Rospigliosi C, Oscco-Coila S, Rafael-Tarazona E, Saavedra-Velasco M, Cordova-Cueva L, De La Cruz-Vargas JA, Munayco-Guillen F, and García-Perdomo HA

Subjects
thesis, systematic review, medical school, Special aspects of education, LC8-6691, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Rafael Pichardo-Rodriguez,1 Valeria Altuna-Moscoso,1 Karen Aviles-Antezana,1 Alondra Lorena Cahuana-Mendoza,1 Antonio André Challco Alvarado,1 Cristhian Gonzales-Rospigliosi,1 Shirley Oscco-Coila,1 Enzo Rafael-Tarazona,1 Marcos Saavedra-Velasco,1 Liz Cordova-Cueva,1 Jhony A De La Cruz-Vargas,1 Fernando Munayco-Guillen,1,2 Herney Andrés García-Perdomo3 1Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomédicas (INICIB), Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima, Perú; 2Instituto Nacional de Oftalmología (INO), Lima, Peru; 3Division of Urology/Uro oncology, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universidad del Valle, Cali, ColombiaCorrespondence: Rafael Pichardo-Rodriguez, Email rafael_martin1352@hotmail.comObjective: To determine the quality of systematic reviews submitted as a thesis in the Medical School of Ricardo Palma University.Methods: We conducted a systematic review. We included systematic reviews submitted as theses from Ricardo Palma University, and we excluded narrative reviews, editorials, clinical experiments, and those with incomplete data. We performed a structured search on EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, and Institutional Repository from the Ricardo Palma University and RENATI. The risk of bias assessment was performed through the AMSTAR-2 and the modified AMSTAR-2 tools. The primary outcome was review quality. A qualitative synthesis of the information was performed.Results: One thousand four hundred eighty-seven theses were identified, and exclusion criteria were applied, whereby 11 theses were selected for review and thorough consultation. Of the 11 selected theses, and through the AMSTAR-2 and modified AMSTAR-2 tools, the findings reached were that 90.9% of the included theses presented critically low quality that was not modified even when the quality was reevaluated after its publication as a scientific article.Conclusion: The systematic reviews presented as undergraduate thesis in the Medical School of Ricardo Palma University showed low and critically low quality. Improvement in systematic review training is required for both students and institutional advisors.Keywords: thesis, systematic review, medical school

Published
2024

39. Separate offering of forages and concentrates to lactating dairy cows: Effects on lactational performance, enteric methane emission, and efficiency of nutrient utilization

Author

L.F. Martins, S.F. Cueva, D.E. Wasson, T. Silvestre, N. Stepanchenko, M.L. Hile, and A.N. Hristov

Subjects
feeding method, enteric methane, milk production, precision feeding, Dairy processing. Dairy products, SF250.5-275, Dairying, SF221-250
Abstract

ABSTRACT: The objective was to evaluate the effects of separate offering of feed ingredients (SF) and frequency of concentrate feeding versus offering a TMR, on lactational performance, ruminal fermentation, enteric CH4 emissions, nutrient digestibility, N use efficiency, milk fatty acid profile, and blood variables in mid-lactation dairy cows. Twenty-four Holstein cows (12 primi- and 12 multiparous) averaging (±SD) 141 ± 35 DIM and 43 ± 6 kg/d of milk yield (MY) at the beginning of the study were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design experiment with 3 periods of 28 d each, composed of 7 d for adaptation to the diets, 11 d for estimation of net energy and metabolizable protein requirements, and 10 d for data and samples collection. Cows were grouped based on parity, DIM, and MY into 4 Latin squares. Treatment allocation was balanced for carryover effects, and cows within square were assigned to (1) basal diet fed ad libitum as TMR; (2) basal diet fed as SF with forages fed ad libitum and concentrates fed 3×/d (SF×3); or (3) basal diet fed as SF with forages fed ad libitum and concentrates fed 6×/d (SF×6). Compared with TMR, SF decreased total DMI by 1.2 kg/d. Treatments did not affect MY, milk components, or ECM yield, except for a decrease in milk fat concentration and an increase in milk urea N by SF×3, compared with TMR. Feed efficiency (kg of MY/kg of DMI) was increased by 7% in SF, compared with TMR. Ruminal molar proportion of acetate and acetate-to-propionate ratio were decreased, whereas molar proportion of propionate was increased by SF×3, compared with TMR and SF×6. There was a 9% decrease in daily CH4 production by SF, compared with TMR. Enteric CH4 yield (per kg of DMI) was not affected by treatments in the current study. Methane intensity per kilogram of MY tended to be decreased by 10% in SF, compared with TMR. The sums of odd- and branched-chain, odd-chain, and anteiso milk fatty acids tended to be or were increased by SF, compared with TMR. Intake of nutrients tended to be or were decreased by SF, compared with TMR. The digestibility of amylase-treated NDF tended to be decreased and ADF digestibility was decreased by 3% in SF, compared with TMR. Urinary and fecal N excretions were not affected by treatments. As a percentage of total N intake, separate offering of feed ingredients increased milk N secretion, indicating an increased N use efficiency by SF, compared with TMR. Blood total fatty acid concentration was decreased by SF relative to TMR. Compared with both TMR and SF×6, SF×3 increased blood urea N concentration. Overall, feed and N use efficiencies were increased by separate offering of feed ingredients, and increasing the frequency of concentrate feeding promoted ruminal fermentation effects similar to those obtained by feeding a TMR.

Published
2024
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40. Lactational performance, ruminal fermentation, and enteric gas emission of dairy cows fed an amylase-enabled corn silage in diets with different starch concentrations

Author

S.F. Cueva, D.E. Wasson, L.F. Martins, S.E. Räisänen, T. Silvestre, and A.N. Hristov

Subjects
amylase-enabled corn silage, dietary starch, enteric methane, dairy cow, Dairy processing. Dairy products, SF250.5-275, Dairying, SF221-250
Abstract

ABSTRACT: This study investigated the effects of feeding an amylase-enabled corn silage (ACS) on the performance and enteric gas emissions in lactating dairy cows. Following a 2-wk covariate period, 48 mid-lactation Holstein cows were assigned to 1 of 3 treatments in a 10-wk randomized complete block design experiment. Treatments were diets containing the same proportion of corn silage (40% of dietary DM) as follows: (1) a conventional hybrid corn silage control (CON), (2) ACS replacing the control silage (ADR), and (3) the ADR diet replacing soybean hulls with ground corn grain to achieve the same dietary starch concentration as CON (ASR). Control corn silage and ACS were harvested on the same day and contained 40.3% and 37.1% DM and (% of DM): 37.2% and 41.0% NDF and 37.1% and 30.0% starch, respectively. Enteric gas emissions were measured using the GreenFeed system. Two cows were culled due to health-related issues during the covariate period. Ruminal fluid was collected from 24 cows (8 per treatment) using the orogastric ruminal sampling technique. When compared with CON, cows fed ADR had increased DMI during experimental wk 3, 4, and 9, but treatment did not affect milk or ECM milk yields (39.0 kg/d on average; SEM = 0.89). Compared with CON, feed efficiency (per unit of milk, but not ECM) tended to be lower for ADR, whereas milk true protein concentration (a tendency) and yield were lower for ASR. Milk urea N was decreased by both ADR and ASR diets relative to CON. Compared with CON, daily CH4 emission and emission intensity were increased by ADR but not ASR. Total protozoal count tended to be increased by both diets formulated with ACS when compared with control corn silage. Total-tract digestibility of dietary NDF was greater for ASR, and that of ADF was greater for both ADR and ASR versus CON. The molar proportion of acetate (a tendency) and acetate-to-propionate ratio were increased by ADR, but not ASR, when compared with CON. Replacement of CON with ACS (having lower starch concentration) in the diet of dairy cows increased DMI during the initial weeks of the experiment, maintained ECM, tended to decrease feed efficiency, and increased enteric CH4 emissions, likely due to increased intake of digestible fiber, compared with CON.

Published
2024
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41. Defining well-being in psoriasis: A Delphi consensus among healthcare professionals and patients

Author

Esteban Daudén, I. Belinchón, E. Colominas-González, P. Coto, P. de la Cueva, F. Gallardo, J. L. Poveda, E. Ramírez, S. Ros, R. Ruíz-Villaverde, M. Comellas, and Luís Lizán

Subjects
Psoriasis, Well-being, Delphi, Quality of life, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease that negatively impacts on patient’s life. A holistic approach integrating well-being assessment could improve disease management. Since a consensus definition of well-being in psoriasis is not available, we aim to achieve a multidisciplinary consensus on well-being definition and its components. A literature review and consultation with psoriasis patients facilitated the design of a two-round Delphi questionnaire targeting healthcare professionals and psoriasis patients. A total of 261 panellists (65.1% patients with psoriasis, 34.9% healthcare professionals) agreed on the dimensions and components that should integrate the concept of well-being: emotional dimension (78.9%) [stress (83.9%), mood disturbance (85.1%), body image (83.9%), stigma/shame (75.1%), self-esteem (77.4%) and coping/resilience (81.2%)], physical dimension (82.0%) [sleep quality (81.6%), pain/discomfort (80.8%), itching (83.5%), extracutaneous manifestations (82.8%), lesions in visible areas (84.3%), lesions in functional areas (85.8%), and sex life (78.2%)], social dimension (79.5%) [social relationships (80.8%), leisure/recreational activities (80.3%), support from family/friends (76.6%) and work/academic life (76.5%)], and satisfaction with disease management (78.5%) [treatment (78.2%), information received (75.6%) and medical care provided by the dermatologist (80.1%)]. This well-being definition reflects patients’ needs and concerns. Therefore, addressing them in psoriasis will optimise management, contributing to better outcomes and restoring normalcy to the patient’s life.

Published
2024
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42. Pseudomonas flavocrustae sp. nov., an endophyte with plant growth promoting traits isolated from Passiflora incarnata

Author

Luis Gabriel Cueva-Yesquén, Adilson Sartoratto, Adriana da Silva Santos, Itamar Soares de Melo, and Fabiana Fantinatti-Garboggini

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract A polyphasic approach was applied to characterize taxonomically a novel endophytic bacterial strain, designated as EP178T, which was previously isolated from Passiflora incarnata leaves and characterized as plant-growth promoter. The strain EP178T forms Gram stain-negative and rod-shaped cells, and circular and yellow-pigmented colonies. Its growth occurs at 10–37 °C, at pH 6.0–8.0, and tolerates up to 7% (w/v) NaCl. The major cellular fatty acids found were summed feature 8 (C18:1 ω7c), summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω6c /C16:1 ω7c), and C16:0, and the predominant ubiquinone was Q-9. The phylogenetic and nucleotide-similarity analysis with 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain EP178T belongs to Pseudomonas genus. The genomic-based G + C content was 65.5%. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strains EP178T and the closest type strain, P. oryzihabitans DSM 6835T, were 92.6% and 52.2%, respectively. Various genes associated with plant-growth promoting mechanisms were annotated from genome sequences. Based on the phenotypic, genomic, phylogeny and chemotaxonomic data, strain EP178T represents a new species of the genus Pseudomonas, for which the name Pseudomonas flavocrustae sp. nov. was proposed. The type strain is EP178T (= CBMAI 2609T = ICMP 24844T = MUM 23.01T).

Published
2024
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43. Vacunación frente a la gripe estacional en la infancia y la adolescencia. Recomendaciones del Comité Asesor de Vacunas e Inmunizaciones de la Asociación Española de Pediatría (CAV-AEP) para la temporada 2024-2025

Author

Javier Álvarez Aldeán, Franciso José Álvarez García, María Garcés-Sánchez, Elisa Garrote Llanos, Antonio Iofrío de Arce, Marisa Luisa Navarro Gómez, Valentín Pineda Solas, Irene Rivero Calle, Jesús Ruiz-Contreras, Ignacio Salamanca de la Cueva, and Pepe Serrano Marchuet

Subjects
Flu vaccine, Child, Adolescent, Pregnant, Health worker, CAV-AEP, Pediatrics, RJ1-570
Abstract

Resumen: La gripe es una amenaza constante que en ocasiones puede producir cuadros clínicos graves. Las mayores tasas de incidencia por grupos de edad ocurren en los menores de 15 años, especialmente en los menores de 5 años, en los que además las tasas de hospitalización son similares a las de las personas de 65 años en adelante. Además, los niños son los principales vectores de transmisión de la enfermedad. En España están autorizadas cinco vacunas antigripales en la edad pediátrica: tres inactivadas tetravalentes procedentes de cultivos en huevos embrionados, una inactivada tetravalente procedente de cultivos celulares, y una atenuada tetravalente de administración intranasal, que para la temporada 2024-2025 pasará a ser trivalente, al no incluir el linaje B Yamagata, como recomienda la OMS. El CAV-AEP recomienda la vacunación sistemática en: niños de 6 a 59 meses, niños y adolescentes pertenecientes a grupos de riesgo, personas que puedan transmitir la gripe a los grupos que tienen riesgo de gripe complicada, y convivientes o entorno familiar de menores de 6 meses. A partir de los 2 años de edad se recomienda preferentemente la vacuna atenuada intranasal por su mayor aceptabilidad y por facilitar la mejora de las coberturas. El CAV-AEP considera también que la vacunación antigripal de niños y adolescentes de 5-18 años sanos es una medida recomendable, por cuanto les proporciona protección individual y favorece la protección familiar y comunitaria. Es especialmente importante la vacunación antigripal de todos los profesionales sanitarios y la vacunación de las gestantes en cualquier momento del embarazo. Abstract: The flu is a constant threat that can sometimes cause severe forms of disease. The highest incidence rates by age group occur in children under 15 years of age, especially in those under 5 years, in whom the rate of hospitalization is also similar to the population aged 65 years and older. In addition, children are the main transmitters of the infection. In Spain, five influenza vaccines are authorized for the paediatric age group: three inactivated tetravalent vaccines harvested from fertilised eggs, one tetravalent inactivated vaccine obtained from cell cultures, and one attenuated tetravalent vaccine for intranasal administration, which will become trivalent in the 2024-2025 season by excluding the B Yamagata lineage as recommended by the WHO. The CAV-AEP recommends systematic vaccination in children aged 6 to 59 months, children and adolescents belonging to risk groups, people who can transmit the flu to groups at risk of complicated flu, and household contacts or close family of infants under 6 months. From 2 years of age, the intranasal attenuated vaccine is preferred due to its greater acceptability and thus contribution to greater vaccination coverage. The CAV-AEP also considers that vaccination against influenza of healthy children and adolescents aged 5 to 18 years is advisable, as it provides individual protection and promotes protection at the family and community levels. It is especially important to vaccinate all health care professionals against influenza as well as pregnant women at any time during the pregnancy.

Published
2024
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44. Income inequality as a determinant of neonatal mortality in the Americas during 2000–2019: implications for the attainment of Sustainable Development Goal target 3.2

Author

Antonio Sanhueza, Daniel A. Cueva, Oscar J. Mujica, Patricia Soliz, and Pablo Duran

Subjects
Neonatal mortality, Social determinants of Health, Americas, Sustainable development goals, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background The work of the WHO Commission on the Social Determinants of Health has been fundamental to provide a conceptual framework of the social determinants of health. Based on this framework, this study assesses the relationship of income inequality as a determinant of neonatal mortality in the Americas and relates it to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goal target 3.2 (reduce neonatal mortality to at least as low as 12 deaths per 1,000 live births). The rationale is to evaluate if income inequality may be considered a social factor that influences neonatal mortality in the Americas. Methods Yearly data from 35 countries in the Americas during 2000–2019 was collected. Data sources include the United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation for the neonatal mortality rate (measured as neonatal deaths per 1,000 live births) and the United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research for the Gini index (measured in a scale from 0 to 100). This is an ecological study that employs a linear regression model that relates the neonatal mortality rate (dependent variable) to the Gini index (independent variable), while controlling for other factors that influence neonatal mortality. Coefficient estimates and their robust standard errors were obtained using panel data techniques. Results A positive relationship between income inequality and neonatal mortality is found in countries in the Americas during the period studied. In particular, the analysis suggests that a unit increase in a country’s Gini index during 2000–2019 is associated with a 0.27 (95% CI [− 0.04, 0.57], P =.09) increase in the neonatal mortality rate. Conclusion The analysis suggests that income inequality may be positively associated with the neonatal mortality rate in the Americas. Nonetheless, given the modest magnitude of the estimates and Gini values and trends during 2000–2019, the findings suggest a potential limited scope for redistributive policies to support reductions in neonatal mortality in the region. Thus, policies and interventions that address higher coverage and quality of services provided by national health systems and reductions in socio-economic inequalities in health are of utmost importance.

Published
2024
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47. Information and Communication Technologies for Education Considering the Flipped Learning Model

Author

Cueva, Andrea and Inga, Esteban

Abstract

Technology development has been integrated into the educational environment and has led teachers to become much better trained in educational, technological tools. Currently, education is being transformed; for this, there are new methodological approaches, and education needs the integration of digital tools. Previously and still today, traditional and not very creative strategies are applied in the teaching-learning process, which does not fully contribute to the progress of education. The present work focuses on using Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), considering the Flipped Learning Model (FL), an active methodology. However, it is also essential to know the appropriate ICT to apply during the learning process. The Information and Communication Technologies articulated with the Flipped Learning Model benefits and motivates students; in this way, through collaborative learning, communication between classmates and teachers is favored; in addition, it encourages autonomous work, helps the analysis of the contents in each of the subjects, and favors the construction of new knowledge. Therefore, knowing which ICTs are incorporated as the most efficient in the Flipped Learning Model is necessary. In this way, it is required to obtain information about the ICTs teachers have preferred to apply within the Flipped Learning Model and which ones are recommended from the classroom experience. The work shows which ICTs are most used and which ones benefit students to obtain significant learning. Consequently, considering the application of ICT and Flipped Learning in educational communities is a way to innovate the teaching-learning process.

Published
2022

48. Successional stages in Mediterranean grasslands differ in the quality of ecosystem services in urban greenspaces

Author

José Ramón Quintana, Javier Fernández-Sanjulián, Sergio González-Ubierna, Miguel Ángel Casermeiro, Miriam G. Torija, Teresa Alía, Antonio Vázquez de la Cueva, and José Antonio Molina

Subjects
Ruderal grasslands, Mediterranean city, Plant diversity, Soil water regulation, Soil organic matter, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Urban habitats represent new opportunities to study natural processes such as ecological succession. Our work focused for the first time on the changes in ecosystem services occurring in the ecological succession from annual to perennial grasslands in Mediterranean peri-urban greenspaces. Student’s t test was used to analyse the influence of the grassland type on plant and soil features, and showed that soil under perennial grassland had a significantly higher C content and arylamidase and arylsulfatase activity than annual grasslands. In contrast, annual grasslands showed a significantly higher plant-species richness, and their soils had higher bulk density and phenoloxidase and arylamidase activity compared to perennial grasslands. Neither the labile nor recalcitrant fractions of the organic matter showed any significant difference between communities. When all the soil factors were included together, Redundancy Analysis revealed a significant gradient in soil phenoloxidase activity and organic matter distinguishing perennial from annual grasslands. We conclude that when annual grasslands give way to perennial grasslands through natural succession in Mediterranean greenspaces, certain ecosystem services such as soil carbon storage and water regulation improve, while biodiversity maintenance declines. Thus, Mediterranean urban greenspaces where natural succession occurs should be handled in such a way as to preserve both type of habitats in order to improve a wider range of ecosystem services.

Published
2024
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49. Un caso de polidactilia en un cerdo de la ciudad de Cajamarca, Perú. Nota técnica

Author

Sandro Miguel Malca-Coba, José William Albarrán–Ríos, Jorge Portal–Torres, and Medali Cueva–Rodríguez

Subjects
Anomalía, condición congénita, dedos supernumerarios, Sus scrofa domesticus, porcino, Cattle, SF191-275, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract

La polidactilia es una condición caracterizada por la presencia de dedos adicionales en las extremidades. El presente trabajo describe un caso de polidactilia en un cerdo. Por observación, examen físico y palpación de los dedos adicionales en la extremidad anterior se determinó que se trataba de polidactilia. Los dedos adicionales estaban completamente formados y tenían una consistencia sólida y flexible durante la palpación. Desde una vista dorsal se observaron cinco dedos con cinco uñas y desde una vista plantar se visualizaron cuatro dedos con sus respectivas uñas. Se destaca la importancia de estudiar las malformaciones en cerdos con el fin de mejorar la comprensión y desarrollar estrategias de manejo y prevención que beneficien tanto a los animales como a la industria porcina en general.

Published
2024
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50. Leiomiosarcoma retroperitoneal: Informe de un caso

Author

Luis Miguel López Camarena, Paula Lizeth Gutiérrez Sánchez, Francisco Alejandro Pérez Mena, Marco Antonio Olvera Olvera, Alejandro Esparza Cueva, and Francisco Aguilar Espinosa

Subjects
leiomiosarcoma, neoplasias retroperitoneales, sarcoma, cirugía abdominal, resección, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract

Presentamos el caso de un paciente masculino de 57 años con un leiomiosarcoma retroperitoneal encontrado de manera incidental. Es una patología poco común, la incidencia anual es 2.7 casos por millón de personas. De igual manera, es una enfermedad de evolución silenciosa, por lo que pasa inadvertida hasta que la masa tumoral alcanza un gran tamaño. Los leiomiosarcomas se evidencian como extensas áreas de heterogeneidad y realce heterogéneo, ocasionado por la presencia de necrosis y focos hemorrágicos. Normalmente no hay presencia de calcificaciones y hay ausencia de tejido adiposo, de esta manera que una gran masa retroperitoneal mayor a 10 cm sin contenido graso y necrosis interna variable debe sugerir la posibilidad de un leiomiosarcoma. La eliminación quirúrgica completa es el tratamiento de elección, ésta se debe realizar con márgenes negativos amplios, factor que repercute en el pronóstico, ya que estos tumores tienden a alcanzar un tamaño muy grande y, a menudo, la extirpación amplia es imposible, lo que afecta la supervivencia del paciente. Este tipo de neoplasias tienen un mal pronóstico, pues se sabe que la supervivencia a los 5 años es de aproximadamente 15%, debido a su alta tendencia a la invasión local, metástasis o diagnóstico tardío.

Published
2024
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