Search

Your search keyword '"Cunningham, Steve"' showing total 813 results
Start Over Author "Cunningham, Steve"

Refine your results

more »

more »

more »

more »

more »

more »
813 results on '"Cunningham, Steve"'

1. Validated respiratory drug deposition predictions from 2D and 3D medical images with statistical shape models and convolutional neural networks

Author

Williams, Josh, Ahlqvist, Haavard, Cunningham, Alexander, Kirby, Andrew, Katz, Ira, Fleming, John, Conway, Joy, Cunningham, Steve, Ozel, Ali, and Wolfram, Uwe

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Physics - Fluid Dynamics
Abstract

For the one billion sufferers of respiratory disease, managing their disease with inhalers crucially influences their quality of life. Generic treatment plans could be improved with the aid of computational models that account for patient-specific features such as breathing pattern, lung pathology and morphology. Therefore, we aim to develop and validate an automated computational framework for patient-specific deposition modelling. To that end, an image processing approach is proposed that could produce 3D patient respiratory geometries from 2D chest X-rays and 3D CT images. We evaluated the airway and lung morphology produced by our image processing framework, and assessed deposition compared to in vivo data. The 2D-to-3D image processing reproduces airway diameter to 9% median error compared to ground truth segmentations, but is sensitive to outliers of up to 33% due to lung outline noise. Predicted regional deposition gave 5% median error compared to in vivo measurements. The proposed framework is capable of providing patient-specific deposition measurements for varying treatments, to determine which treatment would best satisfy the needs imposed by each patient (such as disease and lung/airway morphology). Integration of patient-specific modelling into clinical practice as an additional decision-making tool could optimise treatment plans and lower the burden of respiratory diseases., Comment: 37 pages main text (including frontmatter). 9 figures. Additional supplementary material

Published
2023

3. Nasal cathelicidin is expressed in early life and is increased during mild, but not severe respiratory syncytial virus infection

Author

Sintoris, Sofia, Binkowska, Justyna M., Gillan, Jonathan L., Zuurbier, Roy P., Twynam-Perkins, Jonathan, Kristensen, Maartje, Melrose, Lauren, Parga, Paula Lusaretta, Rodriguez, Alicia Ruiz, Chu, Mei Ling, van Boeckel, Sara R., Wildenbeest, Joanne G., Bowdish, Dawn M. E., Currie, Andrew J., Thwaites, Ryan S., Schwarze, Jurgen, van Houten, Marlies A., Boardman, James P., Cunningham, Steve, Bogaert, Debby, and Davidson, Donald J.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. Introducing pulse oximetry for outpatient management of childhood pneumonia: An implementation research adopting a district implementation model in selected rural facilities in Bangladesh

Author

Rahman, Ahmed Ehsanur, Ameen, Shafiqul, Hossain, Aniqa Tasnim, Perkins, Janet, Jabeen, Sabrina, Majid, Tamanna, Uddin, AFM Azim, Shaikh, Md. Ziaul Haque, Islam, Muhammad Shariful, Islam, Md. Jahurul, Ashrafee, Sabina, Md. Shah Alam, Husam, Saberin, Ashfia, Ahmed, Sabbir, Banik, Goutom, Kabir, ANM Ehtesham, Ahmed, Anisuddin, Chisti, Mohammod Jobayer, Cunningham, Steve, Dockrell, David H, Nair, Harish, Arifeen, Shams El, and Campbell, Harry

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Clinical Impact of Serious Respiratory Disease in Children Under the Age of 2 Years During the 2021–2022 Bronchiolitis Season in England, Scotland, and Ireland.

Author

Williams, Thomas C, Marlow, Robin, Hardelid, Pia, Lyttle, Mark D, Lewis, Kate M, Mpamhanga, Chengetai D, Cunningham, Steve, Roland, Damian, and PERUKI

Subjects
SARS-CoV-2, PEDIATRIC respiratory diseases, RESPIRATORY syncytial virus infections, RESPIRATORY infections, RESPIRATORY syncytial virus, BRONCHIOLITIS
Abstract

Background Interventions introduced to reduce the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) led to a widespread reduction in childhood infections. However, from spring 2021 onwards the United Kingdom and Ireland experienced an unusual out-of-season epidemic of respiratory disease. Methods We conducted a prospective observational study (BronchStart), enrolling children 0–23 months of age presenting with bronchiolitis, lower respiratory tract infection, or first episode of wheeze to 59 emergency departments across England, Scotland, and Ireland from May 2021 to April 2022. We combined testing data with national admissions datasets to infer the impact of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease. Results The BronchStart study collected data on 17 899 presentations for 17 164 children. Risk factors for admission and escalation of care included prematurity and congenital heart disease, but most admissions were for previously healthy term-born children. Of those aged 0–11 months who were admitted and tested for RSV, 1907 of 3912 (48.7%) tested positive. We estimate that every year in England and Scotland 28 561 (95% confidence interval, 27 637–29 486) infants are admitted with RSV infection. Conclusions RSV infection was the main cause of hospitalizations in this cohort, but 51.3% of admissions in infants were not associated with the virus. The majority of admissions were in previously healthy term-born infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

11. Nebulised ALX-0171 for respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection in hospitalised children: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2b trial

Author

Cunningham, Steve, Piedra, Pedra A, Verhulst, Stijn, Matthijs, Inge, Proesmans, Marijke, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Bosheva, Miroslava, Dosev, Svilen, Nikolova, Olga, Chakarova, Petranka, Wu Hupat, Elba, Mesa Monsalve, Juan, Turkalj, Mirjana, Mesaric Antoncic, Natasa, Tesovic, Goran, SIPL, Mirna, Kljaic Bukvic, Blazenka, Ivkovic-Jurekovic, Irena, Cicak, Biserka, Skalova, Sylva, Horneff, Gerd, Vogelberg, Christian, Gacs, Éva, Kalocsai, Krisztina, Madarasi, Anna, Kovacs, Lajos, Novak, Zoltan, Bene, Zsolt, Ashkenazi, Shai, Goldbart, Aviv, Bentur, Lea, Kolosa, Nadezda, Gardovska, Dace, Khaw, Poh Guan, Toh, Teck Hock, De Bruyne, Jessie Anne, Tan, Kah Kee, Alberto, Edison, Sablan, Benjamin, Junior, de Leon, Anjanette, Szymanski, Henryk, Repko, Miroslav, Kralinsky, Karol, Salamanca de la Cueva, Ignacio, Rodrigo Gonzalo de Liria, Carlos, Martinón-Torres, Federico, Cedena Romero, María Pilar, Monteagudo Montesinos, Emilio, Teeratakulpisarn, Jamaree, Puthanakit, Thanyawee, Oberdorfer, Peninnah, Warachit, Boonyarat, Brackeva, Benedicte, Dombrecht, Evelyne, Detalle, Laurent, Fleurinck, Carmen, Piedra, Pedro A, and Martinon-Torres, Federico

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Substantial Burden of Nonmedically Attended RSV Infection in Healthy-Term Infants: An International Prospective Birth Cohort Study.

Author

Hak, Sarah F, Venekamp, Roderick P, Billard, Marie-Noëlle, Houten, Marlies A van, Pollard, Andrew J, Heikkinen, Terho, Cunningham, Steve, Millar, Margaret, Martinón-Torres, Federico, Dacosta-Urbieta, Ana, Bont, Louis J, Wildenbeest, Joanne G, and Investigators, PROMISE

Subjects
RESPIRATORY syncytial virus infections, COHORT analysis, RESPIRATORY syncytial virus, INFANTS, CLINICAL trial registries
Abstract

Background During the first year of life, 1 in 4 infants develops a symptomatic respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, yet only half seek medical attention. The current focus on medically attended RSV therefore underrepresents the true societal burden of RSV. We assessed the burden of nonmedically attended RSV infections and compared with medically attended RSV. Methods We performed active RSV surveillance until the age of 1 year in a cohort (n = 993) nested within the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Consortium in EUrope (RESCEU) prospective birth cohort study enrolling healthy term-born infants in 5 European countries. Symptoms, medication use, wheezing, and impact on family life were analyzed. Results For 97 of 120 (80.1%) nonmedically attended RSV episodes, sufficient data were available for analysis. In 50.5% (49/97), symptoms lasted ≥15 days. Parents reported impairment in usual daily activities in 59.8% (58/97) of episodes; worries, 75.3% (73/97); anxiety, 34.0% (33/97); and work absenteeism, 10.8% (10/93). Compared with medically attended RSV (n = 102, 9 hospital admissions), Respiratory Syncytial Virus NETwork (ReSViNET) severity scores were lower (3.5 vs 4.6, P <.001), whereas duration of respiratory symptoms and was comparable. Conclusions Even when medical attendance is not required, RSV infection poses a substantial burden to infants, families, and society. These findings are important for policy makers when considering the implementation of RSV immunization. Clinical Trials Registration. ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03627572). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Evaluation of feasibility phase of adaptive version of locally made bubble continuous positive airway pressure oxygen therapy for the treatment of COVID-19 positive and negative adults with severe pneumonia and hypoxaemia

Author

Chisti, Mohammod Jobayer, primary, Rahman, Ahmed Ehsanur, additional, Hasan, Taufiq, additional, Ahmed, Tahmeed, additional, El Arifeen, Shams, additional, Clemens, John David, additional, Rahman, Abu Sayem Mirza Md. Hasibur, additional, Uddin, Md. Fakhar, additional, Amin, Md. Robed, additional, Miah, Md. Titu, additional, Islam, Md. Khairul, additional, Sharif, Mohiuddin, additional, Shahid, Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayeem Bin, additional, Ahmed, Anisuddin, additional, Banik, Goutom, additional, Rashid, Meemnur, additional, Ahmed, Md. Kawsar, additional, Shahrin, Lubaba, additional, Afroze, Farzana, additional, Sarmin, Monira, additional, Nuzhat, Sharika, additional, Sarkar, Supriya, additional, Islam, Jahurul, additional, Islam, Muhammad Shariful, additional, Norrie, John, additional, Campbell, Harry, additional, Nair, Harish, additional, and Cunningham, Steve, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

20. Consensus priorities for outcomes in oral corticosteroid treatment for preschool wheeze: a nominal group technique study with clinicians and parents

Author

Lee, Bohee, primary, Turner, Steve, additional, Hine, Jasmine, additional, Mcmurray, Ann, additional, Roland, Damian, additional, Borland, Meredith, additional, Csonka, Péter, additional, Grigg, Jonathan, additional, Guilbert, Theresa, additional, Jartti, Tuomas, additional, Oommen, Abraham, additional, Lewis, Steff, additional, and Cunningham, Steve, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

21. The effect of nutritional parameters on the prognosis of childhood interstitial lung diseases

Author

Emiralioglu, Nagehan, primary, Ramasli Gursoy, Tugba, additional, Griese, Matthias, additional, Seidl, Elias, additional, Schwerk, Nicolaus, additional, Carlens, Julia, additional, Wetzke, Martin, additional, Cunningham, Steve, additional, Lange, Joanna, additional, Krenke, Katarzyna, additional, Szepfalusi, Zsolt, additional, Stehling, Florian, additional, Baden, Winfried, additional, Hämmerling, Susanne, additional, Jerkic, Silvija-Pera, additional, Proesmans, Marijke, additional, Ullmann, Nicola, additional, Snijders, Deborah, additional, Buchvald, Frederik, additional, Galdo, Antonio Moreno, additional, Nathan, Nadia, additional, Epaud, Ralph, additional, Bush, Andy, additional, Aslan, Ayse Tana, additional, Cobanoglu, Nazan, additional, and Kiper, Nural, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

24. Freshman Survey Report, 1997.

Author

Pennsylvania Coll. of Technology, Williamsport. Office of Strategic Planning and Research., Cunningham, Steve, and Hiris, Eric

Abstract

The Cooperative Institutional Research Program (CIRP) sponsors a national annual survey that gathers data on incoming freshman classes at two- and four-year institutions. The data allow the colleges to compare their students with previous classes and with the "average" American freshman. This report presents findings from the 1997 CIRP survey at the Pennsylvania College of Technology (Penn College). The study is divided into the following sections: (1) detailed analyses and findings, including demographic trends and Penn College freshmen trends; (2) methodology and procedures; and (3) data tables, detailing high school preparation; religious, political and social views; and personal goals. Major findings include the following: (1) Penn College is enrolling increasing numbers of freshmen from more stable family backgrounds; (2) the college is attracting students from an increasingly dispersed geographic area; (3) students in non-technical majors continue to have relatively greater financial problems; (4) freshmen continue to be more occupationally and financially motivated than the norm; (5) freshmen hold increasingly conservative social and political views; (6) reports indicate decreased levels of partying and drinking, but increased cigarette smoking; (7) while freshmen academic involvement remains low compared with the norm, the college's academic reputation is slowly improving, along with student self-confidence levels and degree aspirations; and (8) student goals to obtain B.S. degrees are on the rise. Appended are the CIRP student information form, supplemental questions, administration instructions on residence life and campus faculty, and a CIRP survey. (AS)

Published
1999

25. Ivacaftor treatment of cystic fibrosis in children aged 12 to

Author

Rosenfeld, Margaret, Wainwright, Claire E., Higgins, Mark, Wang, Linda T., McKee, Charlotte, Campbell, Daniel, Tian, Simon, Schneider, Jennifer, Cunningham, Steve, Davies, Jane C., Harris, William, Mogayzel, Peter, McCoy, Karen, Milla, Carlos, Rubenstein, Ronald, Walker, Seth, Black, Philip, Montgomery, Gregory, McColley, Susanna, Hiatt, Peter, Sawicki, Gregory, Rock, Michael, Aurora, Paul, Ratjen, Felix, Maitra, Anirban, Ives, Andrew, Gaillard, Erol, McNalley, Paul, Selvadurai, Hiranjan, Robinson, Philip, Wainwright, Claire E, Wang, Linda T, and Davies, Jane C

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

27. Feasibility and acceptability of bubble continuous positive airway pressure oxygen therapy for the treatment of childhood severe pneumonia and hypoxaemia in Bangladeshi children

Author

Chisti, Mohammod Jobayer, primary, Duke, Trevor, additional, Rahman, Ahmed Ehnasur, additional, Ahmed, Tahmeed, additional, Arifeen, Shams E, additional, Clemens, John D, additional, Uddin, Md F, additional, Rahman, Abu SMMH, additional, Rahman, Md M, additional, Sarker, Tapash K, additional, Uddin, SM N, additional, Shahunja, KM, additional, Shahid, Abu SMSB, additional, Faruque, ASG, additional, Sarkar, Supriya, additional, Islam, Md Jahurul, additional, Islam, Muhammad Shariful, additional, Kabir, Md Farhad, additional, Cresswell, Kathrin M, additional, Norrie, John, additional, Sheikh, Aziz, additional, Campbell, Harry, additional, Nair, Harish, additional, and Cunningham, Steve, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

29. Economic burden and health-related quality-of-life among infants with respiratory syncytial virus infection: A multi-country prospective cohort study in Europe

Author

Mao, Zhuxin, primary, Li, Xiao, additional, Dacosta-Urbieta, Ana, additional, Billard, Marie-Noëlle, additional, Wildenbeest, Joanne, additional, Korsten, Koos, additional, Martinón-Torres, Federico, additional, Heikkinen, Terho, additional, Cunningham, Steve, additional, Snape, Matthew D., additional, Robinson, Hannah, additional, Pollard, Andrew J., additional, Postma, Maarten, additional, Dervaux, Benoit, additional, Hens, Niel, additional, Bont, Louis, additional, Bilcke, Joke, additional, and Beutels, Philippe, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

31. Contributors

Author

Abel, Robin, primary, Abman, Steven H., additional, Alton, Eric, additional, Ambruso, Daniel R., additional, Anderson, William Carl, additional, Balakrishnan, Karthik, additional, Balfour-Lynn, Ian Michael, additional, Bamford, Anna, additional, Bar-Yoseph, Ronen, additional, Berman-Rosenzweig, Erika, additional, Bhatla, Deepika, additional, Blatter, Joshua A., additional, Boesch, R. Paul, additional, Bruzoni, Matias, additional, Bush, Andrew, additional, Bye, Michael, additional, Carlsen, Kai Håkon, additional, Chang, Anne B., additional, Chao, Stephanie D., additional, Chatwin, Michelle, additional, Chaudhari, Bimal Pankaj, additional, Chitty, Lyn, additional, Collins, Nicola, additional, Cooper, Dan M., additional, Corren, Jonathan, additional, Cotton, Robin T., additional, Coverstone, Andrea, additional, Crowley, Suzanne, additional, Cunningham, Steve, additional, Cutting, Garry R., additional, Czovek, Dorottya, additional, Daley, Charles L., additional, Davies, Gwyneth, additional, Davies, Jane C., additional, de Alarcòn, Alessandro, additional, DeBoer, Emily M., additional, De Guzman, Marietta Morales, additional, Dell, Sharon D., additional, Deterding, Robin, additional, Deutsch, Gail H., additional, Devadason, Sunalene, additional, Fox Ditcham, William Graham, additional, Dorsey, Jill, additional, Ducharme, Francine M., additional, Engelhardt, John, additional, Everard, Mark L., additional, Fan, Leland L., additional, Faro, Albert, additional, Ferkol, Thomas, additional, Fleming, Louise, additional, Fonceca, Angela Mary, additional, Ganatra, Hammad A., additional, Garcia, Amy Michelle, additional, Gozal, David, additional, Gray, Diane, additional, Greenough, Anne, additional, Griesenbach, Uta, additional, Grigg, Jonathan, additional, Hagood, James S., additional, Hammer, Jürg, additional, Hamvas, Aaron, additional, Harcourt, Jonny, additional, Hauk, Pia J., additional, Heininger, Ulrich, additional, Henderson, Alexander John, additional, Henry, Marianna M., additional, Hewitt, Richard J., additional, Highsmith, Heather Young, additional, Hillman, Noah H., additional, Hoch, Heather Ellen, additional, Hyun, Jeong S., additional, Isa, Mas Suhaila, additional, Jaffé, Adam, additional, Jennings, Lance C., additional, Jobe, Alan H., additional, Kamdar, Ankur A., additional, Katira, Bhushan, additional, Kavanagh, Brian P., additional, Kemp, James, additional, Kercsmar, Carolyn M., additional, Kheirandish-Gozal, Leila, additional, King, Wilson, additional, Kingma, Paul, additional, Knight-Madden, Jennifer, additional, Knutsen, Alan Paul, additional, Kornecki, Alik, additional, Krishnan, Usha, additional, Kurland, Geoffrey, additional, Simon Lam, Hugh, additional, Langston, Claire, additional, Lee, Ada, additional, Leigh, Margaret W., additional, Lesser, Daniel, additional, Lloyd, Clare M., additional, Mandalakas, Anna Maria, additional, Marostica, Paulo J.C., additional, Martiniano, Stacey L., additional, Maybee, Jennifer, additional, McDowell, Karen M., additional, Michelson, Peter, additional, Miller, Aaron Samuel, additional, Miller, Claire Kane, additional, Mirza, Ayesha, additional, Murdoch, David R., additional, Newth, Christopher J.L., additional, Nicholson, Andrew Gordon, additional, Nick, Jerry A., additional, Nicolais, Christina J., additional, Noah, Terry L., additional, Nogee, Lawrence M., additional, Noyes, Blakeslee, additional, Numa, Andrew H., additional, Nyquist, Ann-Christine, additional, O'Brodovich, Hugh, additional, Ochs, Matthias, additional, Olin, J. Tod, additional, Olsen, Øystein, additional, Owens, Catherine, additional, Panitch, Howard B., additional, Pasterkamp, Hans, additional, Payne, Donald, additional, Pentiuk, Scott, additional, Prager, Jeremy, additional, Praud, Jean-Paul, additional, Prayle, Andrew P., additional, Prentice, Bernadette, additional, Putnam, Philip E., additional, Quittner, Alexandra L., additional, Radom-Aizik, Shlomit, additional, Rao, Suchitra, additional, Rathore, Mobeen, additional, Redding, Gregory J., additional, Rutter, Michael, additional, Saez-Flores, Estefany, additional, Saglani, Sejal, additional, Schneider, Rayfel, additional, Schowengerdt, Kenneth O., additional, Scotta, Marcelo C., additional, Semple, Thomas, additional, Sherlock, Laurie, additional, Singh, Ram N., additional, Slavin, Raymond G., additional, Sly, Peter, additional, Smevik, Bjarne, additional, Smith, Keely Garrett, additional, Spahr, Jonathan, additional, Stark, James M., additional, Starke, Jeffrey R., additional, Stein, Renato T., additional, Stillwell, Paul C., additional, Stokes, Dennis C., additional, Swarr, Daniel T., additional, Sweet, Stuart Charles, additional, Szefler, Stanley James, additional, Tambyah, Paul, additional, Tan, Christelle Xian-Ting, additional, Temprano, James, additional, Thorson, Chad M., additional, Trapnell, Bruce C., additional, Varisco, Brian Michael, additional, Vece, Timothy J., additional, Vyas, Harish G., additional, Wakeman, Ruth, additional, Wallis, Colin, additional, Wambach, Jennifer, additional, Weiner, Daniel J., additional, Werno, Anja M., additional, Wert, Susan E., additional, Whitsett, Jeffrey A., additional, Wilmott, Robert William, additional, Wood, Robert E., additional, Wootten, Christopher Todd, additional, Wright, Marie, additional, Wright, Sarah, additional, Yeung, Rae S.M., additional, Yoshida, Takeshi, additional, Young, Carolyn, additional, Young, Lisa R., additional, Zar, Heather J., additional, Zeitlin, Pamela Leslie, additional, and Zielinski, David, additional

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

33. Efficacy of Oral Corticosteroids for Acute Preschool Wheeze: A Systematic Review and Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis of Randomised Clinical Trials

Author

Lee, Bohee, primary, Turner, Steve, additional, Borland, Meredith L., additional, Csonka, Péter, additional, Grigg, Jonathan, additional, Guilbert, Theresa, additional, Jiartti, Tuomas, additional, Oommen, Abraham, additional, Lewis, Steff C., additional, Twynam-Perkins, Jonathan, additional, and Cunningham, Steve, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

37. Healthcare resource utilisation and medical costs for children with interstitial lung diseases (chILD) in Europe

Author

Seidi, Elias, Schwerk, Nicolaus, Carlens, Julia, Wetzke, Martin, Cunningham, Steve, Emiralioğlu, Nagehan, Kiper, Nural, Lange, Joanna, Krenke, Katarzyna, Ullmann, Nicola, Krikovszky, Dora, Maqhuzu, Phillen, Griese, Charlotte A, Schwarzkopt, Larissa, and Griese, Matthias

Subjects
Europe, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, paediatric interstitial lung disease, Humans, Health Care Costs, Longitudinal Studies, Prospective Studies, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Child, Lung Diseases, Interstitial, paediatric lung disaese
Abstract

BackgroundNo data on healthcare utilisation and associated costs for the many rare entities of children’s interstitial lung diseases (chILD) exist. This paper portrays healthcare utilisation structures among individuals with chILD, provides a pan-European estimate of a 3-month interval per-capita costs and delineates crucial cost drivers.MethodsBased on longitudinal healthcare resource utilisation pattern of 445 children included in the Kids Lung Register diagnosed with chILD across 10 European countries, we delineated direct medical and non-medical costs of care per 3-month interval. Country-specific utilisation patterns were assessed with a children-tailored modification of the validated FIMA questionnaire and valued by German unit costs. Costs of care and their drivers were subsequently identified via gamma-distributed generalised linear regression models.ResultsDuring the 3 months prior to inclusion into the registry (baseline), the rate of hospital admissions and inpatient days was high. Unadjusted direct medical per capita costs (€19 818) exceeded indirect (€1 907) and direct non-medical costs (€1 125) by far. Country-specific total costs ranged from €8 713 in Italy to €28 788 in Poland. Highest expenses were caused by the disease categories ‘diffuse parenchymal lung disease (DPLD)-diffuse developmental disorders’ (€45 536) and ‘DPLD-unclear in the non-neonate’ (€47 011). During a follow-up time of up to 5 years, direct medical costs dropped, whereas indirect costs and non-medical costs remained stable.ConclusionsThis is the first prospective, longitudinal study analysing healthcare resource utilisation and costs for chILD across different European countries. Our results indicate that chILD is associated with high utilisation of healthcare services, placing a substantial economic burden on health systems.

Published
2022

39. The burden of respiratory syncytial virus in healthy term-born infants in Europe: a prospective birth cohort study

Author

Wildenbeest, Joanne G, Billard, Marie-Noëlle, Zuurbier, Roy P, Korsten, Koos, Langedijk, Annefleur C, van de Ven, Peter M, Snape, Matthew D, Drysdale, Simon B, Pollard, Andrew J, Robinson, Hannah, Heikkinen, Terho, Cunningham, Steve, O'Neill, Thomas, Rizkalla, Bishoy, Dacosta-Urbieta, Ana, Martinón-Torres, Federico, van Houten, Marlies A, Bont, Louis J, Wildenbeest, Joanne, Billard, Marie-Noëlle, Zuurbier, Roy, Korsten, Koos, van Houten, Marlies, Langedijk, Annefleur, van de Ven, Peter, Bont, Louis, Drysdale, Simon, McGinley, Joseph, Lin, Gu-Lung, Snape, Matthew, Pollard, Andrew, Ives, Andrew, Wolfenden, Helen, Salgia, Sanjay, Shetty, Rohoth, Dacosta-Urbieta, Ana, Rivero-Calle, Irene, Gómez-Carballa, Alberto, Pischedda, Sara, Rodriguez-Tenreiro, Carmen, Martinón-Torres, Federico, Heikkinen, Terho, Cunningham, Steve, Nair, Harish, Campbell, Harry, O'Neill, Thomas, Miller, Margaret, Baggott, Julie, Beveridge, Catherine, McKernan, Rachael, Rizkalla, Bishoy, Beutels, Philippe, Openshaw, Peter, Meijer, Adam, Kølsen Fischer, Thea, van den Berge, Maarten, Giaquinto, Carlo, Abram, Michael, Swanson, Kena, Aerssens, Jeroen, Vernhes, Charlotte, Gallichan, Scott, Kumar, Veena, and Molero, Eva

Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of hospitalisation in infants. The burden of RSV infection in healthy term infants has not yet been established. Accurate health-care burden data in healthy infants are necessary to determine RSV immunisation policy when RSV immunisation becomes available.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

40. Developing a video expert panel as a reference standard to evaluate respiratory rate counting in paediatric pneumonia diagnosis: protocol for a cross-sectional study

Author

Khan, Ahad Mahmud, primary, Ahmed, Salahuddin, additional, Chowdhury, Nabidul Haque, additional, Islam, Md Shafiqul, additional, McCollum, Eric D, additional, King, Carina, additional, Shi, Ting, additional, Nahar, Kamrun, additional, Simpson, Robynne, additional, Ahmed, Ayaz, additional, Rahman, Md Mozibur, additional, Baqui, Abdullah H, additional, Cunningham, Steve, additional, and Campbell, Harry, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

41. The burden of respiratory syncytial virus in healthy term-born infants in Europe: a prospective birth cohort study

Author

Wildenbeest, Joanne G, primary, Billard, Marie-Noëlle, additional, Zuurbier, Roy P, additional, Korsten, Koos, additional, Langedijk, Annefleur C, additional, van de Ven, Peter M, additional, Snape, Matthew D, additional, Drysdale, Simon B, additional, Pollard, Andrew J, additional, Robinson, Hannah, additional, Heikkinen, Terho, additional, Cunningham, Steve, additional, O'Neill, Thomas, additional, Rizkalla, Bishoy, additional, Dacosta-Urbieta, Ana, additional, Martinón-Torres, Federico, additional, van Houten, Marlies A, additional, Bont, Louis J, additional, Wildenbeest, Joanne, additional, Zuurbier, Roy, additional, van Houten, Marlies, additional, Langedijk, Annefleur, additional, van de Ven, Peter, additional, Bont, Louis, additional, Drysdale, Simon, additional, McGinley, Joseph, additional, Lin, Gu-Lung, additional, Snape, Matthew, additional, Pollard, Andrew, additional, Ives, Andrew, additional, Wolfenden, Helen, additional, Salgia, Sanjay, additional, Shetty, Rohoth, additional, Rivero-Calle, Irene, additional, Gómez-Carballa, Alberto, additional, Pischedda, Sara, additional, Rodriguez-Tenreiro, Carmen, additional, Nair, Harish, additional, Campbell, Harry, additional, Miller, Margaret, additional, Baggott, Julie, additional, Beveridge, Catherine, additional, McKernan, Rachael, additional, Beutels, Philippe, additional, Openshaw, Peter, additional, Meijer, Adam, additional, Kølsen Fischer, Thea, additional, van den Berge, Maarten, additional, Giaquinto, Carlo, additional, Abram, Michael, additional, Swanson, Kena, additional, Aerssens, Jeroen, additional, Vernhes, Charlotte, additional, Gallichan, Scott, additional, Kumar, Veena, additional, and Molero, Eva, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

45. Developing a video expert panel as a reference standard to evaluate respiratory rate counting in paediatric pneumonia diagnosis: protocol for a cross-sectional study

Author

Khan, Ahad Mahmud, Ahmed, Salahuddin, Chowdhury, Nabidul, Islam, Md Shafiqul, McCollum, Eric D, King, Carina, Shi, Ting, Nahar, Kamrun, Simpson, Robynne, Ahmed, Ayaz, Rahman, Md Mozibur, Baqui, Abdullah H., Cunningham, Steve, Campbell, Harry, and Collaboration, Respire

Subjects
Bangladesh, Cross-Sectional Studies, Respiratory Rate, Humans, General Medicine, Pneumonia, Reference Standards, Child
Abstract

IntroductionManual counting of respiratory rate (RR) in children is challenging for health workers and can result in misdiagnosis of pneumonia. Some novel RR counting devices automate the counting of RR and classification of fast breathing. The absence of an appropriate reference standard to evaluate the performance of these devices is a challenge. If good quality videos could be captured, with RR interpretation from these videos systematically conducted by an expert panel, it could act as a reference standard. This study is designed to develop a video expert panel (VEP) as a reference standard to evaluate RR counting for identifying pneumonia in children.Methods and analysisUsing a cross-sectional design, we will enrol children aged 0–59 months presenting with suspected pneumonia at different levels of health facilities in Dhaka and Sylhet, Bangladesh. We will videorecord a physician/health worker counting RR manually and also using an automated RR counter (Children’s Automated Respiration Monitor) from each child. We will establish a standard operating procedure for capturing quality videos, make a set of reference videos, and train and standardise the VEP members using the reference videos. After that, we will assess the performance of the VEP as a reference standard to evaluate RR counting. We will calculate the mean difference and proportions of agreement within±2 breaths per minute and create Bland-Altman plots with limits of agreement between VEP members.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol was approved by the National Research Ethics Committee of Bangladesh Medical Research Council, Bangladesh (registration number: 39315022021) and Edinburgh Medical School Research Ethics Committee (EMREC), Edinburgh, UK (REC Reference: 21-EMREC-040). Dissemination of the study findings will be through conference presentations and publications in peer-reviewed scientific journals.

Published
2022

49. Socioeconomic position, bronchiolitis and asthma in children: counterfactual disparity measures from a national birth cohort study.

Author

Lewis, Kate M, Stavola, Bianca L De, Cunningham, Steve, and Hardelid, Pia

Subjects
WHEEZE, ASTHMA in children, BRONCHIOLITIS, COHORT analysis, COUNTERFACTUALS (Logic), RESPIRATORY syncytial virus
Abstract

Background The debated link between severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in early life and asthma has yet to be investigated within a social inequity lens. We estimated the magnitude of socioeconomic disparity in childhood asthma which would remain if no child were admitted to hospital for bronchiolitis, commonly due to RSV, during infancy. Methods The cohort, constructed from national administrative health datasets, comprised 83853 children born in Scotland between 1 January 2007 and 31 June 2008. Scottish Index for Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) was used to capture socioeconomic position. Emergency admissions for bronchiolitis before age 1 year were identified from hospital records. Yearly indicators of asthma/wheeze from ages 2 to 9 years were created using dispensing data and hospital admission records. Results Using latent class growth analysis, we identified four trajectories of asthma/wheeze: early-transient (2.2% of the cohort), early-persistent (2.0%), intermediate-onset (1.8%) and no asthma/wheeze (94.0%). The estimated marginal risks of chronic asthma (combining early-persistent and intermediate-onset groups) varied by SIMD, with risk differences for the medium and high deprivation groups, relative to the low deprivation group, of 7.0% (95% confidence interval: 3.7–10.3) and 13.0% (9.6–16.4), respectively. Using counterfactual disparity measures, we estimated that the elimination of bronchiolitis requiring hospital admission could reduce these risk differences by 21.2% (4.9–37.5) and 17.9% (10.4–25.4), respectively. Conclusions The majority of disparity in chronic asthma prevalence by deprivation level remains unexplained. Our paper offers a guide to using causal inference methods to study other plausible pathways to inequities in asthma using complex, linked administrative data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

50. Accuracy of non-physician health workers in respiratory rate measurement to identify paediatric pneumonia in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Khan, Ahad, O'Donald, Anna, Shi, Ting, Ahmed, Salahuddin, McCollum, Eric D, King, Carina, Baqui, Abdullah H., Cunningham, Steve, and Campbell, Harry

Subjects
Health Policy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Abstract

BackgroundNon-physician health workers play an important role in identifying and treating pneumonia in children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In this systematic review, we summarized the evidence of whether health workers can accurately measure respiratory rate (RR) and identify fast breathing to diagnose pneumonia in children under five years of age.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus from January 1990 to August 2020 without any language restrictions. Reference lists of included studies were also screened for additional records. Studies evaluating the performance of health workers in measuring RR and/or identifying fast breathing compared against a reference standard were included. Methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. A meta-analysis was conducted to report pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity. Hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic curve (HSROC) models were fitted, and subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to examine the effects of study variables. FindingsWe included 16 studies, of which eight reported the agreement in RR count between health workers and a reference standard. The median agreements were 39%, 47%, and 67% within ±2, ±3 and ±5 breaths per minute, respectively. Among the 16 included studies, we identified 15 studies that reported the accuracy of a health worker classifying breathing into either fast or normal categories compared to a reference standard. The median sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and kappa value were 77%, 86%, 81%, and 0.75, respectively. Seven studies reporting the accuracy of identifying fast breathing were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity were 78% (95% CI 72 to 82) and 86% (95% CI 78 to 91), respectively. ConclusionsDespite the problematic nature of reference standards and their variability across studies, our review suggests that the health worker performance in counting RR accurately is relatively poor. However, their performance shows reasonable specificity and moderate sensitivity in identifying fast breathing. Improving detection of fast breathing in children with suspected pneumonia among health workers is an important child health programme objective and should be given appropriate priority.

Published
2022

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results