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1. Differences in HIV testing among sexual orientation subgroups in the United States: A national cross-sectional study

Author

Holly Gurnik, Curtiss W. Engstrom, Sean Esteban McCabe, and Rebecca J. Evans-Polce

Subjects
HIV testing, Sexual orientation, Health disparities, Cross-sectional, United States, Medicine
Abstract

Understanding differences in HIV testing among US adults is a crucial step for HIV prevention. This study used cross-sectional data to assess whether HIV testing varies across sexual orientation subgroups and by important psychosocial factors. Data were from the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III (NESARC-III; n = 36 309, response rate = 60.1%), a nationally representative survey of the US non-institutionalized adult population. Using logistic regression, we examined HIV testing among heterosexual concordant, heterosexual discordant, gay/lesbian, and bisexual adults. Psychosocial correlates included adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), discrimination, educational attainment, social support, and substance use disorders (SUDs). Bisexual (77.0%) and gay/lesbian (65.4%) women had a greater prevalence of HIV testing than concordant heterosexual women (51.6%), and bisexual women had a significantly higher testing prevalence than discordant heterosexual women (54.8%). Gay (84.0%) and bisexual (72.1%) men also had a significantly higher testing prevalence than discordant (48.2%) and concordant (49.4%) heterosexual men. In multivariable models, bisexual men and women (AOR = 1.8; 95% CI = 1.3–2.4) and gay men (AOR = 4.7; 95% CI = 3.2–7.1) had significantly greater odds of HIV testing than heterosexual concordant adults. A higher number of ACEs, greater social support, history of SUDs, and higher educational attainment were positively associated with HIV testing. HIV testing prevalence varied across sexual orientation subgroups; discordant heterosexual men had the lowest prevalence. Health care providers should consider a person’s sexual orientation, ACEs, educational attainment, social support, and history of SUDs when evaluating HIV testing needs in the US.

Published
2023
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5. Goodbye Hartmann trial: a prospective, international, multicenter, observational study on the current use of a surgical procedure developed a century ago

Author

Perrone, G, Giuffrida, M, Abu-Zidan, F, Kruger, V, Livrini, M, Petracca, G, Rossi, G, Tarasconi, A, Tian, B, Bonati, E, Mentz, R, Mazzini, F, Campana, J, Gasser, E, Kafka-Ritsch, R, Felsenreich, D, Dawoud, C, Riss, S, Gomes, C, Gomes, F, Gonzaga, R, Canton, C, Pereira, B, Fraga, G, Zem, L, Cordeiro-Fonseca, V, de Mesquita Tauil, R, Atanasov, B, Belev, N, Kovachev, N, Melendez, L, Dimova, A, Dimov, S, Zelic, Z, Augustin, G, Bogdanic, B, Moric, T, Chouillard, E, Bajul, M, De Simone, B, Panis, Y, Esposito, F, Notarnicola, M, Lauka, L, Fabbri, A, Hentati, H, Fnaiech, I, Aurelien, V, Bougard, M, Roulet, M, Demetrashvili, Z, Pipia, I, Merabishvili, G, Bouliaris, K, Koukoulis, G, Doudakmanis, C, Xenaki, S, Chrysos, E, Kokkinakis, S, Vassiliu, P, Michalopoulos, N, Margaris, I, Kechagias, A, Avgerinos, K, Katunin, J, Lostoridis, E, Nagorni, E, Pujante, A, Mulita, F, Maroulis, I, Vailas, M, Marinis, A, Siannis, I, Bourbouteli, E, Manatakis, D, Tasis, N, Acheimastos, V, Maria, S, Stylianos, K, Kuzeridis, H, Korkolis, D, Fradelos, E, Kavalieratos, G, Petropoulou, T, Polydorou, A, Papacostantinou, I, Triantafyllou, T, Kimpizi, D, Theodorou, D, Toutouzas, K, Chamzin, A, Frountzas, M, Schizas, D, Karavokyros, I, Syllaios, A, Charalabopoulos, A, Boura, M, Baili, E, Ioannidis, O, Loutzidou, L, Anestiadou, E, Tsouknidas, I, Petrakis, G, Polenta, E, Bains, L, Gupta, R, Singh, S, Khanduri, A, Bala, M, Kedar, A, Pisano, M, Podda, M, Pisanu, A, Martines, G, Trigiante, G, Lantone, G, Agrusa, A, Di Buono, G, Buscemi, S, Veroux, M, Gioco, R, Veroux, G, Oragano, L, Zonta, S, Lovisetto, F, Feo, C, Pesce, A, Fabbri, N, Marino, F, Perrone, F, Vincenti, L, Papagni, V, Picciariello, A, Rossi, S, Picardi, B, Del Monte, S, Visconti, D, Osella, G, Petruzzelli, L, Pignata, G, Andreuccetti, J, D'Alessio, R, Buonfantino, M, Guaitoli, E, Spinelli, S, Sampietro, G, Corbellini, C, Lorusso, L, Frontali, A, Pezzoli, I, Bonomi, A, Chierici, A, Cotsoglou, C, Manca, G, Delvecchio, A, Musa, N, Casati, M, Letizia, L, Abate, E, Ercolani, G, D'Acapito, F, Solaini, L, Guercioni, G, Cicconi, S, Sasia, D, Borghi, F, Giraudo, G, Sena, G, Castaldo, P, Cardamone, E, Portale, G, Zuin, M, Spolverato, Y, Esposito, M, Isernia, R, Di Salvo, M, Manunza, R, Esposito, G, Agus, M, Asti, E, Bernardi, D, Tonucci, T, Luppi, D, Casadei, M, Bonilauri, S, Pezzolla, A, Panebianco, A, Laforgia, R, De Luca, M, Zese, M, Parini, D, Jovine, E, De Sario, G, Lombardi, R, Aprea, G, Palomba, G, Capuano, M, Argenio, G, Orio, G, Armellino, M, Troian, M, Guerra, M, Nagliati, C, Biloslavo, A, Germani, P, Aizza, G, Monsellato, I, Chahrour, A, Anania, G, Bombardini, C, Bagolini, F, Sganga, G, Fransvea, P, Bianchi, V, Boati, P, Ferrara, F, Palmieri, F, Cianci, P, Gattulli, D, Restini, E, Cillara, N, Cannavera, A, Nita, G, Sarnari, J, Roscio, F, Clerici, F, Scandroglio, I, Berti, S, Cadeo, A, Filippelli, A, Conti, L, Grassi, C, Cattaneo, G, Pighin, M, Papis, D, Gambino, G, Bertino, V, Schifano, D, Prando, D, Fogato, L, Cavallo, F, Ansaloni, L, Picheo, R, Pontarolo, N, Depalma, N, Spampinato, M, D'Ugo, S, Lepre, L, Capponi, M, Campa, R, Sarro, G, Dinuzzi, V, Olmi, S, Uccelli, M, Ferrari, D, Inama, M, Moretto, G, Fontana, M, Favi, F, Picariello, E, Rampini, A, Barberis, A, Azzinnaro, A, Oliva, A, Totaro, L, Benzoni, I, Ranieri, V, Capolupo, G, Carannante, F, Caricato, M, Ronconi, M, Casiraghi, S, Casole, G, Pantalone, D, Alemanno, G, Scheiterle, M, Ceresoli, M, Cereda, M, Fumagalli, C, Zanzi, F, Bolzon, S, Guerra, E, Lecchi, F, Cellerino, P, Ardito, A, Scaramuzzo, R, Balla, A, Lepiane, P, Tartaglia, N, Ambrosi, A, Pavone, G, Palini, G, Veneroni, S, Garulli, G, Ricci, C, Torre, B, Russo, I, Rottoli, M, Tanzanu, M, Belvedere, A, Milone, M, Manigrasso, M, De Palma, G, Piccoli, M, Pattacini, G, Magnone, S, Bertoli, P, Massucco, P, Palisi, M, Luzzi, A, Fleres, F, Clarizia, G, Spolini, A, Kobe, Y, Toma, T, Shimamura, F, Parker, R, Ranketi, S, Mitei, M, Svagzdys, S, Pauzas, H, Zilinskas, J, Poskus, T, Kryzauskas, M, Jakubauskas, M, Zakaria, A, Zakaria, Z, Wong, M, Jusoh, A, Zakaria, M, Cruz, D, Elizalde, A, Reynaud, A, Hernandez, E, Monroy, J, Hinojosa-Ugarte, D, Quiodettis, M, Du Bois, M, Latorraca, J, Major, P, Pedziwiatr, M, Pisarska-Adamczyk, M, Waledziak, M, Kwiatkowski, A, Czyzykowski, L, da Costa, S, Ferreira, A, Almeida, F, Rocha, R, Carneiro, C, Perez, D, Carvas, J, Rocha, C, Ferreira, C, Marques, R, Fernandes, U, Leao, P, Goulart, A, Pereira, R, Patrocinio, S, de Mendonca, N, Manso, M, Morais, H, Cardoso, P, Calu, V, Miron, A, Toma, E, Gachabayov, M, Abdullaev, A, Litvin, A, Nechay, T, Tyagunov, A, Yuldashev, A, Bradley, A, Wilson, M, Panyko, A, Lateckova, Z, Lacko, V, Lesko, D, Soltes, M, Radonak, J, Turrado-Rodriguez, V, Termes-Serra, R, Morales-Sevillano, X, Lapolla, P, Mingoli, A, Brachini, G, Degiuli, M, Sofia, S, Reddavid, R, de Manzoni Garberini, A, Buffone, A, del Pozo, E, Aparicio-Sanchez, D, Dos Barbeito, S, Estaire-Gomez, M, Viton-Herrero, R, de los Angeles Gil Olarte-Marquez, M, Gil-Martinez, J, Alconchel, F, Nicolas-Lopez, T, Rahy-Martin, A, Pelloni, M, Banolas-Suarez, R, Mendoza-Moreno, F, Nisa, F, Diez-Alonso, M, Rodas, M, Agundez, M, Andres, M, Moreira, C, Perez, A, Ponce, I, Gonzalez-Castillo, A, Membrilla-Fernandez, E, Salvans, S, Serradilla-Martin, M, Pardo, P, Rivera-Alonso, D, Dziakova, J, Huguet, J, Valle, N, Ruiz, E, Valcarcel, C, Moreno, C, Salazar, Y, Garcia, J, Mico, S, Lopez, J, Farre, S, Gomez, M, Petit, N, Titos-Garcia, A, Aranda-Narvaez, J, Romacho-Lopez, L, Sanchez-Guillen, L, Aranaz-Ostariz, V, Bosch-Ramirez, M, Martinez-Perez, A, Martinez-Lopez, E, Sebastian-Tomas, J, Jimenez-Riera, G, Jimenez-Vega, J, Cuellar, J, Campos-Serra, A, Munoz-Campana, A, Gracia-Roman, R, Alegre, J, Pinto, F, O'Sullivan, S, Antona, F, Jimenez, B, Lopez-Sanchez, J, Carmona, Z, Fernandez, R, Sierra, I, de Leon, L, Moreno, V, Iglesias, E, Cumplido, P, Bravo, A, Simo, I, Dominguez, C, Caamano, A, Lozano, R, Martinez, M, Torres, A, de Quiros, J, Pellino, G, Cloquell, M, Moller, E, Jalal-Eldin, S, Abdoun, A, Hamid, H, Lohsiriwat, V, Mongkhonsupphawan, A, Baraket, O, Ayed, K, Abbassi, I, Ali, A, Ammar, H, Kchaou, A, Tlili, A, Zribi, I, Colak, E, Polat, S, Koylu, Z, Guner, A, Usta, M, Reis, M, Mantoglu, B, Gonullu, E, Akin, E, Altintoprak, F, Bayhan, Z, Firat, N, Isik, A, Memis, U, Bayrak, M, Altintas, Y, Kara, Y, Bozkurt, M, Kocatas, A, Das, K, Seker, A, Ozer, N, Atici, S, Tuncer, K, Kaya, T, Ozkan, Z, Ilhan, O, Agackiran, I, Uzunoglu, M, Demirbas, E, Altinel, Y, Meric, S, Hacim, N, Uymaz, D, Omarov, N, Balik, E, Tebala, G, Khalil, H, Rana, M, Khan, M, Florence, C, Swaminathan, C, Leo, C, Liasis, L, Watfah, J, Trostchansky, I, Delgado, E, Pontillo, M, Latifi, R, Coimbra, R, Edwards, S, Lopez, A, Velmahos, G, Dorken, A, Gebran, A, Palmer, A, Oury, J, Bardes, J, Seng, S, Coffua, L, Ratnasekera, A, Egodage, T, Echeverria-Rosario, K, Armento, I, Napolitano, L, Sangji, N, Hemmila, M, Quick, J, Austin, T, Hyman, T, Curtiss, W, Mcclure, A, Cairl, N, Biffl, W, Truong, H, Schaffer, K, Reames, S, Banchini, F, Capelli, P, Coccolini, F, Sartelli, M, Bravi, F, Vallicelli, C, Agnoletti, V, Baiocchi, G, Catena, F, Perrone G., Giuffrida M., Abu-Zidan F., Kruger V. F., Livrini M., Petracca G. L., Rossi G., Tarasconi A., Tian B. W. C. A., Bonati E., Mentz R., Mazzini F. N., Campana J. P., Gasser E., Kafka-Ritsch R., Felsenreich D. M., Dawoud C., Riss S., Gomes C. A., Gomes F. C., Gonzaga R. A. T., Canton C. A. B., Pereira B. M., Fraga G. P., Zem L. G., Cordeiro-Fonseca V., de Mesquita Tauil R., Atanasov B., Belev N., Kovachev N., Melendez L. J. J., Dimova A., Dimov S., Zelic Z., Augustin G., Bogdanic B., Moric T., Chouillard E., Bajul M., De Simone B., Panis Y., Esposito F., Notarnicola M., Lauka L., Fabbri A., Hentati H., Fnaiech I., Aurelien V., Bougard M., Roulet M., Demetrashvili Z., Pipia I., Merabishvili G., Bouliaris K., Koukoulis G., Doudakmanis C., Xenaki S., Chrysos E., Kokkinakis S., Vassiliu P., Michalopoulos N., Margaris I., Kechagias A., Avgerinos K., Katunin J., Lostoridis E., Nagorni E. -A., Pujante A., Mulita F., Maroulis I., Vailas M., Marinis A., Siannis I., Bourbouteli E., Manatakis D. K., Tasis N., Acheimastos V., Maria S., Stylianos K., Kuzeridis H., Korkolis D., Fradelos E., Kavalieratos G., Petropoulou T., Polydorou A., Papacostantinou I., Triantafyllou T., Kimpizi D., Theodorou D., Toutouzas K., Chamzin A., Frountzas M., Schizas D., Karavokyros I., Syllaios A., Charalabopoulos A., Boura M., Baili E., Ioannidis O., Loutzidou L., Anestiadou E., Tsouknidas I., Petrakis G., Polenta E., Bains L., Gupta R., Singh S. K., Khanduri A., Bala M., Kedar A., Pisano M., Podda M., Pisanu A., Martines G., Trigiante G., Lantone G., Agrusa A., Di Buono G., Buscemi S., Veroux M., Gioco R., Veroux G., Oragano L., Zonta S., Lovisetto F., Feo C. V., Pesce A., Fabbri N., Marino F., Perrone F., Vincenti L., Papagni V., Picciariello A., Rossi S., Picardi B., Del Monte S. R., Visconti D., Osella G., Petruzzelli L., Pignata G., Andreuccetti J., D'Alessio R., Buonfantino M., Guaitoli E., Spinelli S., Sampietro G. M., Corbellini C., Lorusso L., Frontali A., Pezzoli I., Bonomi A., Chierici A., Cotsoglou C., Manca G., Delvecchio A., Musa N., Casati M., Letizia L., Abate E., Ercolani G., D'Acapito F., Solaini L., Guercioni G., Cicconi S., Sasia D., Borghi F., Giraudo G., Sena G., Castaldo P., Cardamone E., Portale G., Zuin M., Spolverato Y., Esposito M., Isernia R. M., Di Salvo M., Manunza R., Esposito G., Agus M., Asti E. L. G., Bernardi D. T., Tonucci T. P., Luppi D., Casadei M., Bonilauri S., Pezzolla A., Panebianco A., Laforgia R., De Luca M., Zese M., Parini D., Jovine E., De Sario G., Lombardi R., Aprea G., Palomba G., Capuano M., Argenio G., Orio G., Armellino M. F., Troian M., Guerra M., Nagliati C., Biloslavo A., Germani P., Aizza G., Monsellato I., Chahrour A. C., Anania G., Bombardini C., Bagolini F., Sganga G., Fransvea P., Bianchi V., Boati P., Ferrara F., Palmieri F., Cianci P., Gattulli D., Restini E., Cillara N., Cannavera A., Nita G. E., Sarnari J., Roscio F., Clerici F., Scandroglio I., Berti S., Cadeo A., Filippelli A., Conti L., Grassi C., Cattaneo G. M., Pighin M., Papis D., Gambino G., Bertino V., Schifano D., Prando D., Fogato L., Cavallo F., Ansaloni L., Picheo R., Pontarolo N., Depalma N., Spampinato M., D'Ugo S., Lepre L., Capponi M. G., Campa R. D., Sarro G., Dinuzzi V. P., Olmi S., Uccelli M., Ferrari D., Inama M., Moretto G., Fontana M., Favi F., Picariello E., Rampini A., Barberis A., Azzinnaro A., Oliva A., Totaro L., Benzoni I., Ranieri V., Capolupo G. T., Carannante F., Caricato M., Ronconi M., Casiraghi S., Casole G., Pantalone D., Alemanno G., Scheiterle M., Ceresoli M., Cereda M., Fumagalli C., Zanzi F., Bolzon S., Guerra E., Lecchi F., Cellerino P., Ardito A., Scaramuzzo R., Balla A., Lepiane P., Tartaglia N., Ambrosi A., Pavone G., Palini G. M., Veneroni S., Garulli G., Ricci C., Torre B., Russo I. S., Rottoli M., Tanzanu M., Belvedere A., Milone M., Manigrasso M., De Palma G. D., Piccoli M., Pattacini G. C., Magnone S., Bertoli P., Massucco P., Palisi M., Luzzi A. -P., Fleres F., Clarizia G., Spolini A., Kobe Y., Toma T., Shimamura F., Parker R., Ranketi S., Mitei M., Svagzdys S., Pauzas H., Zilinskas J., Poskus T., Kryzauskas M., Jakubauskas M., Zakaria A. D., Zakaria Z., Wong M. P. -K., Jusoh A. C., Zakaria M. N., Cruz D. R., Elizalde A. B. R., Reynaud A. B., Hernandez E. E. L., Monroy J. M. V. P., Hinojosa-Ugarte D., Quiodettis M., Du Bois M. E., Latorraca J., Major P., Pedziwiatr M., Pisarska-Adamczyk M., Waledziak M., Kwiatkowski A., Czyzykowski L., da Costa S. D., Pereira B., Ferreira A. R. O., Almeida F., Rocha R., Carneiro C., Perez D. P., Carvas J., Rocha C., Ferreira C., Marques R., Fernandes U., Leao P., Goulart A., Pereira R. G., Patrocinio S. D. D., de Mendonca N. G. G., Manso M. I. C., Morais H. M. C., Cardoso P. S., Calu V., Miron A., Toma E. A., Gachabayov M., Abdullaev A., Litvin A., Nechay T., Tyagunov A., Yuldashev A., Bradley A., Wilson M., Panyko A., Lateckova Z., Lacko V., Lesko D., Soltes M., Radonak J., Turrado-Rodriguez V., Termes-Serra R., Morales-Sevillano X., Lapolla P., Mingoli A., Brachini G., Degiuli M., Sofia S., Reddavid R., de Manzoni Garberini A., Buffone A., del Pozo E. P., Aparicio-Sanchez D., Dos Barbeito S., Estaire-Gomez M., Viton-Herrero R., de los Angeles Gil Olarte-Marquez M. a., Gil-Martinez J., Alconchel F., Nicolas-Lopez T., Rahy-Martin A. C., Pelloni M., Banolas-Suarez R., Mendoza-Moreno F., Nisa F. G. -M., Diez-Alonso M., Rodas M. E. V., Agundez M. C., Andres M. I. P., Moreira C. C. L., Perez A. L., Ponce I. A., Gonzalez-Castillo A. M., Membrilla-Fernandez E., Salvans S., Serradilla-Martin M., Pardo P. S., Rivera-Alonso D., Dziakova J., Huguet J. M., Valle N. P., Ruiz E. C., Valcarcel C. R., Moreno C. R., Salazar Y. T. M., Garcia J. J. R., Mico S. S., Lopez J. R., Farre S. P., Gomez M. S., Petit N. M., Titos-Garcia A., Aranda-Narvaez J. M., Romacho-Lopez L., Sanchez-Guillen L., Aranaz-Ostariz V., Bosch-Ramirez M., Martinez-Perez A., Martinez-Lopez E., Sebastian-Tomas J. C., Jimenez-Riera G., Jimenez-Vega J., Cuellar J. A. N., Campos-Serra A., Munoz-Campana A., Gracia-Roman R., Alegre J. M., Pinto F. L., O'Sullivan S. N., Antona F. B., Jimenez B. M., Lopez-Sanchez J., Carmona Z. G., Fernandez R. T., Sierra I. B., de Leon L. R. G., Moreno V. P., Iglesias E., Cumplido P. L., Bravo A. A., Simo I. R., Dominguez C. L., Caamano A. G., Lozano R. C., Martinez M. D., Torres A. N., de Quiros J. T. M. B., Pellino G., Cloquell M. M., Moller E. G., Jalal-Eldin S., Abdoun A. K., Hamid H. K. S., Lohsiriwat V., Mongkhonsupphawan A., Baraket O., Ayed K., Abbassi I., Ali A. B., Ammar H., Kchaou A., Tlili A., Zribi I., Colak E., Polat S., Koylu Z. A., Guner A., Usta M. A., Reis M. E., Mantoglu B., Gonullu E., Akin E., Altintoprak F., Bayhan Z., Firat N., Isik A., Memis U., Bayrak M., Altintas Y., Kara Y., Bozkurt M. A., Kocatas A., Das K., Seker A., Ozer N., Atici S. D., Tuncer K., Kaya T., Ozkan Z., Ilhan O., Agackiran I., Uzunoglu M. Y., Demirbas E., Altinel Y., Meric S., Hacim N. A., Uymaz D. S., Omarov N., Balik E., Tebala G. D., Khalil H., Rana M., Khan M., Florence C., Swaminathan C., Leo C. A., Liasis L., Watfah J., Trostchansky I., Delgado E., Pontillo M., Latifi R., Coimbra R., Edwards S., Lopez A., Velmahos G., Dorken A., Gebran A., Palmer A., Oury J., Bardes J. M., Seng S. S., Coffua L. S., Ratnasekera A., Egodage T., Echeverria-Rosario K., Armento I., Napolitano L. M., Sangji N. F., Hemmila M., Quick J. A., Austin T. R., Hyman T. S., Curtiss W., McClure A., Cairl N., Biffl W. L., Truong H. P., Schaffer K., Reames S., Banchini F., Capelli P., Coccolini F., Sartelli M., Bravi F., Vallicelli C., Agnoletti V., Baiocchi G. L., Catena F., Perrone, G, Giuffrida, M, Abu-Zidan, F, Kruger, V, Livrini, M, Petracca, G, Rossi, G, Tarasconi, A, Tian, B, Bonati, E, Mentz, R, Mazzini, F, Campana, J, Gasser, E, Kafka-Ritsch, R, Felsenreich, D, Dawoud, C, Riss, S, Gomes, C, Gomes, F, Gonzaga, R, Canton, C, Pereira, B, Fraga, G, Zem, L, Cordeiro-Fonseca, V, de Mesquita Tauil, R, Atanasov, B, Belev, N, Kovachev, N, Melendez, L, Dimova, A, Dimov, S, Zelic, Z, Augustin, G, Bogdanic, B, Moric, T, Chouillard, E, Bajul, M, De Simone, B, Panis, Y, Esposito, F, Notarnicola, M, Lauka, L, Fabbri, A, Hentati, H, Fnaiech, I, Aurelien, V, Bougard, M, Roulet, M, Demetrashvili, Z, Pipia, I, Merabishvili, G, Bouliaris, K, Koukoulis, G, Doudakmanis, C, Xenaki, S, Chrysos, E, Kokkinakis, S, Vassiliu, P, Michalopoulos, N, Margaris, I, Kechagias, A, Avgerinos, K, Katunin, J, Lostoridis, E, Nagorni, E, Pujante, A, Mulita, F, Maroulis, I, Vailas, M, Marinis, A, Siannis, I, Bourbouteli, E, Manatakis, D, Tasis, N, Acheimastos, V, Maria, S, Stylianos, K, Kuzeridis, H, Korkolis, D, Fradelos, E, Kavalieratos, G, Petropoulou, T, Polydorou, A, Papacostantinou, I, Triantafyllou, T, Kimpizi, D, Theodorou, D, Toutouzas, K, Chamzin, A, Frountzas, M, Schizas, D, Karavokyros, I, Syllaios, A, Charalabopoulos, A, Boura, M, Baili, E, Ioannidis, O, Loutzidou, L, Anestiadou, E, Tsouknidas, I, Petrakis, G, Polenta, E, Bains, L, Gupta, R, Singh, S, Khanduri, A, Bala, M, Kedar, A, Pisano, M, Podda, M, Pisanu, A, Martines, G, Trigiante, G, Lantone, G, Agrusa, A, Di Buono, G, Buscemi, S, Veroux, M, Gioco, R, Veroux, G, Oragano, L, Zonta, S, Lovisetto, F, Feo, C, Pesce, A, Fabbri, N, Marino, F, Perrone, F, Vincenti, L, Papagni, V, Picciariello, A, Rossi, S, Picardi, B, Del Monte, S, Visconti, D, Osella, G, Petruzzelli, L, Pignata, G, Andreuccetti, J, D'Alessio, R, Buonfantino, M, Guaitoli, E, Spinelli, S, Sampietro, G, Corbellini, C, Lorusso, L, Frontali, A, Pezzoli, I, Bonomi, A, Chierici, A, Cotsoglou, C, Manca, G, Delvecchio, A, Musa, N, 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M., Corbellini C., Lorusso L., Frontali A., Pezzoli I., Bonomi A., Chierici A., Cotsoglou C., Manca G., Delvecchio A., Musa N., Casati M., Letizia L., Abate E., Ercolani G., D'Acapito F., Solaini L., Guercioni G., Cicconi S., Sasia D., Borghi F., Giraudo G., Sena G., Castaldo P., Cardamone E., Portale G., Zuin M., Spolverato Y., Esposito M., Isernia R. M., Di Salvo M., Manunza R., Esposito G., Agus M., Asti E. L. G., Bernardi D. T., Tonucci T. P., Luppi D., Casadei M., Bonilauri S., Pezzolla A., Panebianco A., Laforgia R., De Luca M., Zese M., Parini D., Jovine E., De Sario G., Lombardi R., Aprea G., Palomba G., Capuano M., Argenio G., Orio G., Armellino M. F., Troian M., Guerra M., Nagliati C., Biloslavo A., Germani P., Aizza G., Monsellato I., Chahrour A. C., Anania G., Bombardini C., Bagolini F., Sganga G., Fransvea P., Bianchi V., Boati P., Ferrara F., Palmieri F., Cianci P., Gattulli D., Restini E., Cillara N., Cannavera A., Nita G. 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D., Piccoli M., Pattacini G. C., Magnone S., Bertoli P., Massucco P., Palisi M., Luzzi A. -P., Fleres F., Clarizia G., Spolini A., Kobe Y., Toma T., Shimamura F., Parker R., Ranketi S., Mitei M., Svagzdys S., Pauzas H., Zilinskas J., Poskus T., Kryzauskas M., Jakubauskas M., Zakaria A. D., Zakaria Z., Wong M. P. -K., Jusoh A. C., Zakaria M. N., Cruz D. R., Elizalde A. B. R., Reynaud A. B., Hernandez E. E. L., Monroy J. M. V. P., Hinojosa-Ugarte D., Quiodettis M., Du Bois M. E., Latorraca J., Major P., Pedziwiatr M., Pisarska-Adamczyk M., Waledziak M., Kwiatkowski A., Czyzykowski L., da Costa S. D., Pereira B., Ferreira A. R. O., Almeida F., Rocha R., Carneiro C., Perez D. P., Carvas J., Rocha C., Ferreira C., Marques R., Fernandes U., Leao P., Goulart A., Pereira R. G., Patrocinio S. D. D., de Mendonca N. G. G., Manso M. I. C., Morais H. M. C., Cardoso P. S., Calu V., Miron A., Toma E. 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Abstract

Background: Literature suggests colonic resection and primary anastomosis (RPA) instead of Hartmann’s procedure (HP) for the treatment of left-sided colonic emergencies. We aim to evaluate the surgical options globally used to treat patients with acute left-sided colonic emergencies and the factors that leading to the choice of treatment, comparing HP and RPA. Methods: This is a prospective, international, multicenter, observational study registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. A total 1215 patients with left-sided colonic emergencies who required surgery were included from 204 centers during the period of March 1, 2020, to May 31, 2020. with a 1-year follow-up. Results: 564 patients (43.1%) were females. The mean age was 65.9 ± 15.6 years. HP was performed in 697 (57.3%) patients and RPA in 384 (31.6%) cases. Complicated acute diverticulitis was the most common cause of left-sided colonic emergencies (40.2%), followed by colorectal malignancy (36.6%). Severe complications (Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3b) were higher in the HP group (P < 0.001). 30-day mortality was higher in HP patients (13.7%), especially in case of bowel perforation and diffused peritonitis. 1-year follow-up showed no differences on ostomy reversal rate between HP and RPA. (P = 0.127). A backward likelihood logistic regression model showed that RPA was preferred in younger patients, having low ASA score (≤ 3), in case of large bowel obstruction, absence of colonic ischemia, longer time from admission to surgery, operating early at the day working hours, by a surgeon who performed more than 50 colorectal resections. Conclusions: After 100 years since the first Hartmann’s procedure, HP remains the most common treatment for left-sided colorectal emergencies. Treatment’s choice depends on patient characteristics, the time of surgery and the experience of the surgeon. RPA should be considered as the gold standard for surgery, with HP being an exception.

Published
2024

6. A national longitudinal study of sexual orientation discordance, sexual identity fluidity, and alcohol and other drug use disorder symptoms.

Author

McCabe, Sean Esteban, Dickinson, Kara, Engstrom, Curtiss W., Kcomt, Luisa, Veliz, Philip T., Boyd, Carol J., Parra, Luis A., and Evans-Polce, Rebecca

Subjects
SEXUAL attraction, SUBSTANCE-induced disorders, SEXUAL orientation, SUBSTANCE abuse, ODDS ratio
Abstract

Background: Many national studies fail to account for discordance between sexual orientation dimensions (e.g. a mismatch between sexual identity and sexual attraction) or sexual identity fluidity (e.g. changes in sexual identity over time). Objective: To examine the longitudinal relationships among sexual identity fluidity/stability, sexual orientation discordance/concordance, and alcohol and other drug use disorder symptoms. Methods: The study used nationally representative longitudinal data from Waves 1–5 (2013–2019) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study of US adolescents and adults (N = 24,591). Results: Substance use disorder symptoms were most prevalent (45.8%) among bisexual-stable females relative to all other sexual identity subgroups. The adjusted odds ratios (AORs) of substance use disorder symptoms were significantly higher among bisexual-stable females vs. heterosexual-stable females in all models (AOR range: 1.94–2.32), while no such associations were found for males. Sexual identity-attraction discordant females had significantly greater AORs (17/20 instances) of substance use disorder symptoms compared to concordant females; this finding was not as consistent for males (6/20 instances). Conclusion: Sexual orientation discordance was significantly associated with substance use disorder symptoms, especially among females discordant in their sexual identity and attraction. Bisexual-stable and discordant females are at highest risk of developing symptomatic substance use; it is vital that they receive screening, no matter where they are in their coming out process. This study highlights pitfalls of relying solely on cross-sectional data using a single sexual orientation dimension to understand the relationship between sexual orientation and substance use disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. Social Ecological Influences on Nicotine/Tobacco Use Among Gender-Varying and Gender-Stable Adolescents and Adults in the USA.

Author

Kcomt, Luisa, Evans-Polce, Rebecca J, Engstrom, Curtiss W, Takahashi, Jodene, Matthews, Phoenix A, Veliz, Phil T, West, Brady T, and McCabe, Sean Esteban

Subjects
TOBACCO use, SOCIAL influence, NICOTINE, TOBACCO products, ADULTS
Abstract

Background and Purpose Our study examined individual-, interpersonal-, community-, and policy-level associations with nicotine/tobacco use among gender-varying and gender-stable U.S. individuals. Methods Data from Waves 2–4 (2014/15–2016/18) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (n = 33,197 U.S. adolescents and adults aged ≥14 years) and state-level gender minority policy data were used. Using multivariable logistic regression, the odds of past-30-day nicotine/tobacco use at W4 were estimated as a function of gender stability/variability, psychological distress, number of tobacco products used by family/friends, anti-tobacco marketing exposure, and change in gender minority-related policies from 2015 to 2017. Results Gender-varying individuals had higher odds of nicotine/tobacco use compared with gender-stable individuals (AOR range = 1.7–2.3, p <.01). In the overall sample, positive change in gender minority policy protections (tallied from medium to high) was associated with lower odds of any nicotine/tobacco, other tobacco, and poly-tobacco use (AOR = 0.8, p <.05) compared to states with no change in their negative policies. Anti-tobacco marketing exposure was associated with lower odds of any tobacco, cigarette, e-cigarette, and poly-tobacco use compared with those who had no anti-tobacco marketing exposure (AOR = 0.9, p <.05). Higher psychological distress (AOR range = 1.7–2.4, p <.001) and an increasing number of tobacco products used by family/friends (AOR range = 1.1–1.3, p <.001) were associated with increased odds of nicotine/tobacco use. Conclusions Multilevel prevention and intervention strategies are needed to reduce the risk of nicotine/tobacco use among gender-varying and gender-stable individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. Tobacco Use Among Gender-Varying and Gender-Stable Adolescents and Adults Living in the United States

Author

Luisa Kcomt, Rebecca J Evans-Polce, Curtiss W Engstrom, Carol J Boyd, Philip T Veliz, Brady T West, and Sean Esteban McCabe

Subjects
Adult, Male, Nicotine, Adolescent, Vaping, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Gender Identity, Tobacco Products, Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems, United States, Tobacco Use, Tobacco, Humans, Brief Reports, Female
Abstract

Introduction This study examines the proportion of the United States adolescents and adults who are variable (ie, at least one change in gender identity) versus stable in their gender identities over time, and whether they differ significantly in their nicotine/tobacco use after adjusting for key covariates. Methods We fit multivariable logistic regression models to data from Waves 2–4 (2014/15–2016/18) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH), a nationally representative study (n = 33 197 U.S. adolescents and adults aged ≥14 years). We examined associations of gender stability/variability over three waves with tobacco use at wave 4 (2016–2018). Differences in any past 30-day tobacco, cigarette, e-cigarette, other tobacco, and poly-tobacco use were assessed among cisgender-stable, transgender-stable, and gender-varying respondents. Results An estimated 1.0% of adolescents and adults were classified as gender-varying. Prevalence of any past 30-day tobacco use was higher among gender-varying individuals (42.7%) than among gender-stable individuals (transgender-stable, 37.8% and cisgender-stable, 26.7%). There were no significant differences in the odds of nicotine/tobacco use between the two gender-stable groups. However, gender-varying respondents had significant increased odds of any past 30-day tobacco use (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.3 to 3.0), cigarette use (AOR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.1 to 2.5), e-cigarette use (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.4-3.5), other tobacco use (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.4 to 3.4), and poly-tobacco use (AOR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.3 to 3.1) compared with cisgender-stable individuals. Conclusions Gender-varying individuals are at higher risk for nicotine/tobacco use, placing them at greater risk for tobacco-related health consequences. Implications Despite increased knowledge about transgender health in recent years, there remains a paucity of research about gender-varying individuals. This study is the first to examine the proportion of gender-varying individuals in the United States using a longitudinal, nationally representative sample and to explore differences in nicotine/tobacco use among gender-varying and gender-stable individuals. Our findings suggest that gender-varying people have an increased risk for nicotine/tobacco use, placing them at higher risk for tobacco-related health consequences. This study increases knowledge about nicotine/tobacco use among this under-represented population in research and underscores the importance of developing an awareness of gender diversity.

Published
2022

13. Sexual orientation differences in childhood sexual abuse, suicide attempts, and DSM-5 alcohol, tobacco, other drug use, and mental health disorders in the US

Author

Carol J. Boyd, Curtiss W Engstrom, Sarah J. Beal, Kate Leary, Tonda L. Hughes, Vita V. McCabe, Brady T. West, Rebecca J. Evans-Polce, Luisa Kcomt, Sean Esteban McCabe, and Phil Veliz

Subjects
Adult, Male, Substance-Related Disorders, Sexual Behavior, Population, Suicide, Attempted, Alcohol use disorder, Article, Tobacco, Developmental and Educational Psychology, medicine, Humans, education, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Mental Disorders, Sex Offenses, medicine.disease, Mental health, Sexual minority, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Psychiatry and Mental health, Mental Health, Sexual abuse, Child sexual abuse, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Sexual orientation, Female, Lesbian, business, Clinical psychology
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) contributes to increased risk of substance use and mental health disorders in the general population. OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and associations of CSA and suicide attempts, substance use, and mental health disorders as a function of sex (female, male) and sexual orientation (lesbian, gay, bisexual, heterosexual-identified with same-sex attraction and/or behavior, heterosexual-identified without same-sex attraction and/or behavior, and unsure). PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: Data were collected using structured diagnostic face-to-face interviews in a nationally representative sample of 36,309 US adults. METHODS: We used descriptive statistics and logistic regression modeling to analyze data from the 2012–2013 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC-III). RESULTS: Childhood sexual abuse was most prevalent among sexual minorities, especially bisexual females. Nearly one-third of bisexual females (30.6%) reported experiencing two or more types of CSA, p

Published
2021

14. Trends in Binge Drinking, Marijuana, Illicit Drug, and Polysubstance Use by Sexual Identity in the United States (2006–2017)

Author

Curtiss W Engstrom, Luisa Kcomt, Rebecca J. Evans-Polce, Brady T. West, and Sean Esteban McCabe

Subjects
Change over time, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Substance-Related Disorders, media_common.quotation_subject, Medicine (miscellaneous), Binge drinking, Article, Neglect, Binge Drinking, Marijuana use, medicine, Illicit drug, Humans, Psychiatry, Heterosexuality, media_common, Sexual identity, Illicit Drugs, United States, Psychiatry and Mental health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Polysubstance dependence, Female, Marijuana Use, sense organs, Substance use, Psychology
Abstract

BACKGROUND: National studies often examine associations between sexual identity and substance use at a single point in time and neglect whether these associations change over time. The present study examines U.S. trends in the past-year prevalence of binge drinking, marijuana use, illicit drug use, and polysubstance use across sexual identity subgroups (gay, lesbian, bisexual and heterosexual). METHODS: The data come from four independent, cross-sectional samples measured by the National Survey of Family Growth (2006–2010, 2011–2013, 2013–2015, and 2015–2017). Based on the consistency in the sampling procedures used over time, merging the four data sets was possible. The target population is men and women 15–44 years of age. RESULTS: Lesbian women had the sharpest decline in past-year binge drinking over time, followed by heterosexual women. The prevalence of binge drinking for bisexual women did not change significantly over time and was higher in 2015–2017 than for any sexual identity subgroup. In contrast, there were no significant differences in the prevalence of binge drinking among men by sexual identity subgroup. Past-year abstinence from substance use was consistently lower among lesbian women, gay men, and bisexual women relative to other sexual identity subgroups. Polysubstance use was consistently more prevalent among bisexual women (e.g., 32.3% in 2015–2017) as compared to other sexual identity subgroups. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to examine U.S. national trends in alcohol, marijuana, illicit drug, and polysubstance use across sexual identity subgroups, and demonstrates sexual identity subgroup differences were robust with relatively few changes in trends over time. The consistently high rates of binge drinking and polysubstance use among bisexual women deserve much closer attention based on the related health consequences.

Published
2021

18. Moderate-to-Severe Tobacco Use Disorder and Discrimination Among U.S. Sexual Minority Older Adults

Author

Luisa Kcomt, Rebecca J. Evans-Polce, Carol J. Boyd, Curtiss W Engstrom, Sean Esteban McCabe, and Brady T. West

Subjects
Male, Social Psychology, media_common.quotation_subject, Ethnic group, Logistic regression, Racism, Severity of Illness Index, 03 medical and health sciences, Sexual and Gender Minorities, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Homosexuality, media_common, Aged, THE JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY: Social Sciences, 030505 public health, business.industry, Tobacco Use Disorder, Middle Aged, United States, Sexual minority, Clinical Psychology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Sexual orientation discrimination, Sexual orientation, Homophobia, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Lesbian, 0305 other medical science, business, Gerontology, Demography
Abstract

Objectives The dearth of research on age-related differences in risk factors for tobacco use disorder (TUD) among sexual minorities, particularly among older adults, can obscure the differential needs of sexual minority age groups for tobacco prevention and cessation. We examined the association of cumulative ethnic/racial discrimination and sexual orientation discrimination with moderate-to-severe TUD among U.S. sexual minority adults aged 50 years and older. Method We analyzed cross-sectional data from the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions-III (n = 36,309 U.S. adults). Our sample consisted of 1,258 adults (lesbian/gay-, bisexual-, and heterosexual-identified adults with same-sex attraction/behavior) aged ≥50 years. Multivariable logistic regression analyses estimated the association of cumulative lifetime ethnic/racial discrimination and sexual orientation discrimination with past-year moderate-to-severe TUD and tested whether the association differed for adults aged 50–64 years versus those aged ≥65 years. Results An estimated 8.1% of the sample met criteria for moderate-to-severe TUD. Lifetime ethnic/racial discrimination and sexual orientation discrimination was not significantly associated with moderate-to-severe TUD for adults aged ≥50 years. However, a significant 2-way interaction was found between discrimination and age. In age-stratified analyses, greater discrimination was significantly associated with greater risk for moderate-to-severe TUD for adults aged ≥65 years, but not adults aged 50–64 years. Discussion Greater cumulative discrimination based on ethnicity/race and sexual orientation was associated with increased risk for moderate-to-severe TUD among sexual minority adults aged ≥65 years. Our findings underscore the importance of age considerations in understanding the role of discrimination in the assessment and treatment of TUD.

Published
2020

19. Discrimination, Sexual Orientation Discrimination, and Severity of Tobacco Use Disorder in the United States: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III

Author

Brady T. West, Curtiss W Engstrom, Sean Esteban McCabe, Luisa Kcomt, and Rebecca J. Evans-Polce

Subjects
Adult, Male, Substance-Related Disorders, media_common.quotation_subject, Sexual Behavior, Sexism, Ethnic group, Original Investigations, 03 medical and health sciences, Sexual and Gender Minorities, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Homosexuality, media_common, 030505 public health, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Tobacco Use Disorder, Minority stress, United States, Sexual minority, Mood, Sexual orientation discrimination, Heterosexuality, Sexual orientation, Female, 0305 other medical science, business, Demography
Abstract

Introduction Tobacco use is more prevalent among sexual minority populations relative to heterosexual populations. Discrimination is a known risk factor for tobacco use. However, the relationship between exposure to different forms of discrimination, such as racial or ethnic discrimination and sexual orientation discrimination, and tobacco use disorder (TUD) severity has not been examined. Aims and Methods Using data from the 2012–2013 National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions-III (n = 36 309 US adults), we conducted multivariable logistic regression analyses to examine the associations among racial or ethnic discrimination, sexual orientation discrimination, and TUD severity for lesbian or gay-, bisexual-, and heterosexual-identified adults. Consistent with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5), past-year moderate-to-severe TUD was defined as the presence of ≥4 DSM-5 TUD symptoms. Results Higher levels of lifetime racial or ethnic discrimination were associated with significantly greater odds of past-year moderate-to-severe TUD among sexual minorities (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.01–1.05) and heterosexuals (AOR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.03–1.05). Stressful life events, mood disorder, and anxiety disorder had significant associations with moderate-to-severe TUD among sexual minorities (AOR range: 1.86–5.22, p < .005) and heterosexuals (AOR range: 1.71–3.53, p < .005). Among sexual minorities, higher levels of racial or ethnic and/or sexual orientation discrimination were associated with greater odds of any TUD (AOR = 1.02, 95% CI = 1.01–1.03). Conclusions Sexual minorities and heterosexuals who experience higher levels of racial or ethnic discrimination are at heightened risk of having moderate-to-severe TUD. Exposure to higher levels of discrimination also increases the risk of having any TUD among sexual minority adults. Health providers and tobacco cessation professionals should be cognizant of the minority stressors experienced by their clients and their potential impact on TUD severity. Implications This study is the first to show how experiences of racial or ethnic and sexual orientation discrimination are associated with DSM-5 TUD severity among sexual minority and heterosexual populations. Individuals exposed to multiple minority stressors may have increased vulnerability for developing TUD and related adverse health consequences. Our study underscores the importance of considering racial or ethnic discrimination and the multiple minority statuses that individuals may hold. Eliminating all forms of discrimination and developing interventions that are sensitive to the role that discrimination plays in TUD severity may attenuate the tobacco use disparities between sexual minority and heterosexual adults.

Published
2020

20. Dedication to Professor Ray Forrester.

Author

Kane, Mary Kay, Little, F.A., Jr., Curtiss, W. David, Cousins, Nathanael M., Massey, Calvin R., Walsh, Francis R., and Martinez, Leo

Subjects
University of California. Hastings College of the Law -- Officials and employees, Law teachers -- Testimonials
Published
2001

22. Field test of 72 in.-diameter cast-in-place nonreinforced concrete pipe

Author

Gilley, Curtiss W., Gabriel, Lester H., and Standley, Robert S.

Subjects
Pipe, Concrete -- Testing, Materials -- Dynamic testing, Strength of materials -- Analysis, Engineering and manufacturing industries, Science and technology, Transportation industry
Abstract

Monolithic nonreinforced cast-in-place concrete pipe (CIPCP) for storm drain, sewerage, and low-head irrigation pipelines has been in existence since 1954. This is a report on a field test of 72-in. inside diameter (ID) CIPCP with less than 2 ft cover and application of live loads exceeding 2 times H20-44 standard design highway loading. The test is directed and conducted at California State University at Sacramento for California Department of Transportation. The field test confirms the analytical model for satisfactory performance of the pipe under the conditions described., A 72-inch-diameter nonreinforced cast-in-place concrete pipe (CIPCP) buried 20 inches underground was tested for strength by subjecting it to a live-load of 35.5 kips from a gravel-loaded hauler. The CIPCP emerged without any visible signs of distress after the test. Likewise, sampling done on the surrounding soil showed no deviation from the sampling done before the test. This proves that CIPCP, manufactured according to specifications, can be safely subjected to H20-44 loads with a minimum of 2 feet of cover.

Published
1992

23. Discrimination, Sexual Orientation Discrimination, and Severity of Tobacco Use Disorder in the United States: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III.

Author

Kcomt, Luisa, Evans-Polce, Rebecca J, Engstrom, Curtiss W, West, Brady T, and McCabe, Sean Esteban

Subjects
HOMOPHOBIA, TOBACCO use, RACE discrimination, ADULTS, DISCRIMINATION (Sociology)
Abstract

Introduction: Tobacco use is more prevalent among sexual minority populations relative to heterosexual populations. Discrimination is a known risk factor for tobacco use. However, the relationship between exposure to different forms of discrimination, such as racial or ethnic discrimination and sexual orientation discrimination, and tobacco use disorder (TUD) severity has not been examined.Aims and Methods: Using data from the 2012-2013 National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions-III (n = 36 309 US adults), we conducted multivariable logistic regression analyses to examine the associations among racial or ethnic discrimination, sexual orientation discrimination, and TUD severity for lesbian or gay-, bisexual-, and heterosexual-identified adults. Consistent with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5), past-year moderate-to-severe TUD was defined as the presence of ≥4 DSM-5 TUD symptoms.Results: Higher levels of lifetime racial or ethnic discrimination were associated with significantly greater odds of past-year moderate-to-severe TUD among sexual minorities (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.01-1.05) and heterosexuals (AOR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.03-1.05). Stressful life events, mood disorder, and anxiety disorder had significant associations with moderate-to-severe TUD among sexual minorities (AOR range: 1.86-5.22, p < .005) and heterosexuals (AOR range: 1.71-3.53, p < .005). Among sexual minorities, higher levels of racial or ethnic and/or sexual orientation discrimination were associated with greater odds of any TUD (AOR = 1.02, 95% CI = 1.01-1.03).Conclusions: Sexual minorities and heterosexuals who experience higher levels of racial or ethnic discrimination are at heightened risk of having moderate-to-severe TUD. Exposure to higher levels of discrimination also increases the risk of having any TUD among sexual minority adults. Health providers and tobacco cessation professionals should be cognizant of the minority stressors experienced by their clients and their potential impact on TUD severity.Implications: This study is the first to show how experiences of racial or ethnic and sexual orientation discrimination are associated with DSM-5 TUD severity among sexual minority and heterosexual populations. Individuals exposed to multiple minority stressors may have increased vulnerability for developing TUD and related adverse health consequences. Our study underscores the importance of considering racial or ethnic discrimination and the multiple minority statuses that individuals may hold. Eliminating all forms of discrimination and developing interventions that are sensitive to the role that discrimination plays in TUD severity may attenuate the tobacco use disparities between sexual minority and heterosexual adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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24. Tariffs

Author

Curtiss, W. M.

Published
1954

25. Field Test of 72‐in.‐Diameter Cast‐in‐Place Nonreinforced Concrete Pipe

Author

Lester H. Gabriel, Curtiss W. Gilley, and Robert S. Standley

Subjects
Engineering, Field (physics), business.industry, Transportation, Structural engineering, Field tests, Test (assessment), Pipeline transport, Compressive strength, Structural load, Test program, Traffic load, Geotechnical engineering, business, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract

A test program is described which designed and executed full-scale field testing of a 72-in.-diameter cast-in-place concrete pipe (CIPCP). The program was designed to develop evidence as to the performance of CIPC under minimum cover when subjected to highway loads at least as high as the standard H20-44. Details of the study are described. The study found that the 72-in. diameter cast-in-place nonreinforced concrete pipe constructed to the standard dimensions and material specifications for the product can be safely used under H20-44 highway loads with as little as 2 ft of cover with or without pavement. Normal backfilling of the pipe may be started when the minimum compressive stress of the concrete reaches 2,000 psi. These and other study findings are presented and discussed.

Published
1992

28. Acute Molecular Markers of Rodent Hepatic Carcinogenesis Identified by Transcription Profiling

Author

Kramer, J. A., Curtiss, S. W., Kolaja, K. L., Alden, C. L., Blomme, E. A. G., Curtiss, W. C., Davila, J. C., Jackson, C. J., and Bunch, R. T.

Abstract

Currently, the only way to identify nongenotoxic hepatocarcinogens is through long-term repeat dose studies such as the 2 year rodent carcinogenicity assay. Such assays are both time consuming and expensive and require large amounts of active pharmaceutical or chemical ingredients. Thus, the results of the 2 year assay are not known until very late in the discovery and development process for new pharmaceutical entities. Although in many cases nongenotoxic carcinogenicity in rodents is considered to be irrelevant for humans, a positive finding in a 2 year carcinogenicity assay may increase the number of studies to demonstrate the lack of relevance to humans, delay final submission and subsequent registration of a product, and may result in a “black box” carcinogenicity warning on the label. To develop early identifiers of carcinogenicity, we applied transcription profiling using several prototype rodent genotoxic and nongenotoxic carcinogens, as well as two noncarcinogenic hepatotoxicants, in a 5 day repeat dose in vivo toxicology study. Fluorescent-labeled probes generated from liver mRNA prepared from male Sprague−Dawley rats treated with one of three dose levels of bemitradine, clofibrate, doxylamine, methapyrilene, phenobarbital, tamoxifen, 2-acetylaminofluorene, 4-acetylaminofluorene, or isoniazid were hybridized against rat cDNA microarrays. Correlation of the resulting data with an estimated carcinogenic potential of each compound and dose level identified several candidate molecular markers of rodent nongenotoxic carcinogenicity, including transforming growth factor-β stimulated clone 22 and NAD(P)H cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase.

Published
2004

29. Secondary structure of Bombyx mori and Dictyostelium discoideum 5S rRNA from S1 nuclease and cobra venom ribonuclease susceptibility, and computer assisted analysis.

Author

Troutt, A, Savin, T J, Curtiss, W C, Celentano, J, and Vournakis, J N

Abstract

The 5S rRNAs from Bombyx mori and Dictyostelium discoideum were end-labeled with [32-P] at either the 5' or 3' end and sequenced using enzymatic digestion. The secondary structure of these molecules was studied using the single-strand specific S1 nuclease and the base-pair specific cobra venom ribonuclease. Computer analysis of these results was performed and was used to generate a consensus secondary structure for each molecule. A comparison of these results with those of other workers is presented.

Published
1982
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30. Aircraft Digital Input Controlled Hydraulic Actuation and Control System.

Author

BOEING MILITARY AIRPLANE CO SEATTLE WA, Raymond,Eugene T, Robinson,Curtiss W, BOEING MILITARY AIRPLANE CO SEATTLE WA, Raymond,Eugene T, and Robinson,Curtiss W

Abstract

This document reports the development of an incremental digitally-controlled electrohydraulic actuation system (DEHA). An electronic digital controller and a prototype DEHA unit, with an electric-stepper-motor-driven rotary distributor valve, two hydraulic drive motors, and a torque-summing gearbox, were assembled. Significant reductions in the hydraulic power normally required with a conventional geared hydraulic motor system, and some degree of hydraulic power recovery were obtained. (Author)

Published
1981

37. A multicenter study of DDAVP versus platelet transfusions for antiplatelet agent reversal in patients with traumatic brain injury.

Author

Westfall KM, Andrews J, Sadek E, Curtiss W 3rd, and Hecht J

Subjects
Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Adult, Aged, Length of Stay statistics & numerical data, Aspirin therapeutic use, Hemostatics therapeutic use, Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists therapeutic use, Cohort Studies, Brain Injuries, Traumatic therapy, Brain Injuries, Traumatic drug therapy, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors therapeutic use, Platelet Transfusion, Deamino Arginine Vasopressin therapeutic use
Abstract

Background: Antiplatelet agents have been shown to worsen outcomes following traumatic injury. Research on desmopressin (DDAVP) and platelet transfusion for antiplatelet reversal is limited. We aimed to evaluate the effect of these agents on patients taking pre-injury antiplatelet medications who experienced traumatic brain injury (TBI) after blunt trauma., Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of adult trauma patients from 2014 to 2021 on aspirin and/or a P2Y12 inhibitor. Patients were stratified into groups based on if they received DDAVP, platelets, both agents, or neither., Results: Of 5525 included patients, 4696 (85.4%) were not reversed, 461 (8.4%) received platelets, 173 (3.1%) received DDAVP, and 172 (3.1%) received both reversals. There was no statistically significant difference in length of stay between, but patients who received platelets or both reversals were more likely to have hospital complications (p < 0.05), longer hospital length of stay (p < 0.001), and longer ICU length of stay (p < 0.001) compared to those who did not receive reversal. A subgroup analysis of patients with a head AIS of 4 or 5 confirmed these findings., Conclusions: Patients who received platelets or both reversals had a longer length of hospital stay and length of ICU stay. It is difficult to recommend one treatment over another based on our results alone. Further studies are needed to help clarify the risks and benefits of reversal agents in this patient population., (© 2024. Fondazione Società Italiana di Neurologia.)

Published
2024
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38. Goodbye Hartmann trial: a prospective, international, multicenter, observational study on the current use of a surgical procedure developed a century ago.

Author

Perrone G, Giuffrida M, Abu-Zidan F, Kruger VF, Livrini M, Petracca GL, Rossi G, Tarasconi A, Tian BWCA, Bonati E, Mentz R, Mazzini FN, Campana JP, Gasser E, Kafka-Ritsch R, Felsenreich DM, Dawoud C, Riss S, Gomes CA, Gomes FC, Gonzaga RAT, Canton CAB, Pereira BM, Fraga GP, Zem LG, Cordeiro-Fonseca V, de Mesquita Tauil R, Atanasov B, Belev N, Kovachev N, Meléndez LJJ, Dimova A, Dimov S, Zelić Z, Augustin G, Bogdanić B, Morić T, Chouillard E, Bajul M, De Simone B, Panis Y, Esposito F, Notarnicola M, Lauka L, Fabbri A, Hentati H, Fnaiech I, Aurélien V, Bougard M, Roulet M, Demetrashvili Z, Pipia I, Merabishvili G, Bouliaris K, Koukoulis G, Doudakmanis C, Xenaki S, Chrysos E, Kokkinakis S, Vassiliu P, Michalopoulos N, Margaris I, Kechagias A, Avgerinos K, Katunin J, Lostoridis E, Nagorni EA, Pujante A, Mulita F, Maroulis I, Vailas M, Marinis A, Siannis I, Bourbouteli E, Manatakis DK, Tasis N, Acheimastos V, Maria S, Stylianos K, Kuzeridis H, Korkolis D, Fradelos E, Kavalieratos G, Petropoulou T, Polydorou A, Papacostantinou I, Triantafyllou T, Kimpizi D, Theodorou D, Toutouzas K, Chamzin A, Frountzas M, Schizas D, Karavokyros I, Syllaios A, Charalabopoulos A, Boura M, Baili E, Ioannidis O, Loutzidou L, Anestiadou E, Tsouknidas I, Petrakis G, Polenta E, Bains L, Gupta R, Singh SK, Khanduri A, Bala M, Kedar A, Pisano M, Podda M, Pisanu A, Martines G, Trigiante G, Lantone G, Agrusa A, Di Buono G, Buscemi S, Veroux M, Gioco R, Veroux G, Oragano L, Zonta S, Lovisetto F, Feo CV, Pesce A, Fabbri N, Lantone G, Marino F, Perrone F, Vincenti L, Papagni V, Picciariello A, Rossi S, Picardi B, Del Monte SR, Visconti D, Osella G, Petruzzelli L, Pignata G, Andreuccetti J, D'Alessio R, Buonfantino M, Guaitoli E, Spinelli S, Sampietro GM, Corbellini C, Lorusso L, Frontali A, Pezzoli I, Bonomi A, Chierici A, Cotsoglou C, Manca G, Delvecchio A, Musa N, Casati M, Letizia L, Abate E, Ercolani G, D'Acapito F, Solaini L, Guercioni G, Cicconi S, Sasia D, Borghi F, Giraudo G, Sena G, Castaldo P, Cardamone E, Portale G, Zuin M, Spolverato Y, Esposito M, Isernia RM, Di Salvo M, Manunza R, Esposito G, Agus M, Asti ELG, Bernardi DT, Tonucci TP, Luppi D, Casadei M, Bonilauri S, Pezzolla A, Panebianco A, Laforgia R, De Luca M, Zese M, Parini D, Jovine E, De Sario G, Lombardi R, Aprea G, Palomba G, Capuano M, Argenio G, Orio G, Armellino MF, Troian M, Guerra M, Nagliati C, Biloslavo A, Germani P, Aizza G, Monsellato I, Chahrour AC, Anania G, Bombardini C, Bagolini F, Sganga G, Fransvea P, Bianchi V, Boati P, Ferrara F, Palmieri F, Cianci P, Gattulli D, Restini E, Cillara N, Cannavera A, Nita GE, Sarnari J, Roscio F, Clerici F, Scandroglio I, Berti S, Cadeo A, Filippelli A, Conti L, Grassi C, Cattaneo GM, Pighin M, Papis D, Gambino G, Bertino V, Schifano D, Prando D, Fogato L, Cavallo F, Ansaloni L, Picheo R, Pontarolo N, Depalma N, Spampinato M, D'Ugo S, Lepre L, Capponi MG, Campa RD, Sarro G, Dinuzzi VP, Olmi S, Uccelli M, Ferrari D, Inama M, Moretto G, Fontana M, Favi F, Picariello E, Rampini A, Barberis A, Azzinnaro A, Oliva A, Totaro L, Benzoni I, Ranieri V, Capolupo GT, Carannante F, Caricato M, Ronconi M, Casiraghi S, Casole G, Pantalone D, Alemanno G, Scheiterle M, Ceresoli M, Cereda M, Fumagalli C, Zanzi F, Bolzon S, Guerra E, Lecchi F, Cellerino P, Ardito A, Scaramuzzo R, Balla A, Lepiane P, Tartaglia N, Ambrosi A, Pavone G, Palini GM, Veneroni S, Garulli G, Ricci C, Torre B, Russo IS, Rottoli M, Tanzanu M, Belvedere A, Milone M, Manigrasso M, De Palma GD, Piccoli M, Pattacini GC, Magnone S, Bertoli P, Pisano M, Massucco P, Palisi M, Luzzi AP, Fleres F, Clarizia G, Spolini A, Kobe Y, Toma T, Shimamura F, Parker R, Ranketi S, Mitei M, Svagzdys S, Pauzas H, Zilinskas J, Poskus T, Kryzauskas M, Jakubauskas M, Zakaria AD, Zakaria Z, Wong MP, Jusoh AC, Zakaria MN, Cruz DR, Elizalde ABR, Reynaud AB, Hernandez EEL, Monroy JMVP, Hinojosa-Ugarte D, Quiodettis M, Du Bois ME, Latorraca J, Major P, Pędziwiatr M, Pisarska-Adamczyk M, Walędziak M, Kwiatkowski A, Czyżykowski Ł, da Costa SD, Pereira B, Ferreira ARO, Almeida F, Rocha R, Carneiro C, Perez DP, Carvas J, Rocha C, Ferreira C, Marques R, Fernandes U, Leao P, Goulart A, Pereira RG, Patrocínio SDD, de Mendonça NGG, Manso MIC, Morais HMC, Cardoso PS, Calu V, Miron A, Toma EA, Gachabayov M, Abdullaev A, Litvin A, Nechay T, Tyagunov A, Yuldashev A, Bradley A, Wilson M, Panyko A, Látečková Z, Lacko V, Lesko D, Soltes M, Radonak J, Turrado-Rodriguez V, Termes-Serra R, Morales-Sevillano X, Lapolla P, Mingoli A, Brachini G, Degiuli M, Sofia S, Reddavid R, de Manzoni Garberini A, Buffone A, Del Pozo EP, Aparicio-Sánchez D, Dos Barbeito S, Estaire-Gómez M, Vitón-Herrero R, de Los Ángeles Gil Olarte-Marquez M, Gil-Martínez J, Alconchel F, Nicolás-López T, Rahy-Martin AC, Pelloni M, Bañolas-Suarez R, Mendoza-Moreno F, Nisa FG, Díez-Alonso M, Rodas MEV, Agundez MC, Andrés MIP, Moreira CCL, Perez AL, Ponce IA, González-Castillo AM, Membrilla-Fernández E, Salvans S, Serradilla-Martín M, Pardo PS, Rivera-Alonso D, Dziakova J, Huguet JM, Valle NP, Ruiz EC, Valcárcel CR, Moreno CR, Salazar YTM, García JJR, Micó SS, López JR, Farré SP, Gomez MS, Petit NM, Titos-García A, Aranda-Narváez JM, Romacho-López L, Sánchez-Guillén L, Aranaz-Ostariz V, Bosch-Ramírez M, Martínez-Pérez A, Martínez-López E, Sebastián-Tomás JC, Jimenez-Riera G, Jimenez-Vega J, Cuellar JAN, Campos-Serra A, Muñoz-Campaña A, Gràcia-Roman R, Alegre JM, Pinto FL, O'Sullivan SN, Antona FB, Jiménez BM, López-Sánchez J, Carmona ZG, Fernández RT, Sierra IB, de León LRG, Moreno VP, Iglesias E, Cumplido PL, Bravo AA, Simó IR, Domínguez CL, Caamaño AG, Lozano RC, Martínez MD, Torres ÁN, de Quiros JTMB, Pellino G, Cloquell MM, Moller EG, Jalal-Eldin S, Abdoun AK, Hamid HKS, Lohsiriwat V, Mongkhonsupphawan A, Baraket O, Ayed K, Abbassi I, Ali AB, Ammar H, Kchaou A, Tlili A, Zribi I, Colak E, Polat S, Koylu ZA, Guner A, Usta MA, Reis ME, Mantoglu B, Gonullu E, Akin E, Altintoprak F, Bayhan Z, Firat N, Isik A, Memis U, Bayrak M, Altıntaş Y, Kara Y, Bozkurt MA, Kocataş A, Das K, Seker A, Ozer N, Atici SD, Tuncer K, Kaya T, Ozkan Z, Ilhan O, Agackiran I, Uzunoglu MY, Demirbas E, Altinel Y, Meric S, Hacım NA, Uymaz DS, Omarov N, Balık E, Tebala GD, Khalil H, Rana M, Khan M, Florence C, Swaminathan C, Leo CA, Liasis L, Watfah J, Trostchansky I, Delgado E, Pontillo M, Latifi R, Coimbra R, Edwards S, Lopez A, Velmahos G, Dorken A, Gebran A, Palmer A, Oury J, Bardes JM, Seng SS, Coffua LS, Ratnasekera A, Egodage T, Echeverria-Rosario K, Armento I, Napolitano LM, Sangji NF, Hemmila M, Quick JA, Austin TR, Hyman TS, Curtiss W, McClure A, Cairl N, Biffl WL, Truong HP, Schaffer K, Reames S, Banchini F, Capelli P, Coccolini F, Sartelli M, Bravi F, Vallicelli C, Agnoletti V, Baiocchi GL, and Catena F

Subjects
Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Male, Prospective Studies, Postoperative Complications etiology, Anastomosis, Surgical methods, Emergencies, Colorectal Neoplasms surgery
Abstract

Background: Literature suggests colonic resection and primary anastomosis (RPA) instead of Hartmann's procedure (HP) for the treatment of left-sided colonic emergencies. We aim to evaluate the surgical options globally used to treat patients with acute left-sided colonic emergencies and the factors that leading to the choice of treatment, comparing HP and RPA., Methods: This is a prospective, international, multicenter, observational study registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. A total 1215 patients with left-sided colonic emergencies who required surgery were included from 204 centers during the period of March 1, 2020, to May 31, 2020. with a 1-year follow-up., Results: 564 patients (43.1%) were females. The mean age was 65.9 ± 15.6 years. HP was performed in 697 (57.3%) patients and RPA in 384 (31.6%) cases. Complicated acute diverticulitis was the most common cause of left-sided colonic emergencies (40.2%), followed by colorectal malignancy (36.6%). Severe complications (Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3b) were higher in the HP group (P < 0.001). 30-day mortality was higher in HP patients (13.7%), especially in case of bowel perforation and diffused peritonitis. 1-year follow-up showed no differences on ostomy reversal rate between HP and RPA. (P = 0.127). A backward likelihood logistic regression model showed that RPA was preferred in younger patients, having low ASA score (≤ 3), in case of large bowel obstruction, absence of colonic ischemia, longer time from admission to surgery, operating early at the day working hours, by a surgeon who performed more than 50 colorectal resections., Conclusions: After 100 years since the first Hartmann's procedure, HP remains the most common treatment for left-sided colorectal emergencies. Treatment's choice depends on patient characteristics, the time of surgery and the experience of the surgeon. RPA should be considered as the gold standard for surgery, with HP being an exception., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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39. Is reversal of anticoagulants necessary in neurologically intact traumatic intracranial hemorrhage?

Author

Powell K, Curtiss W 3rd, Sadek E, and Hecht J

Subjects
Humans, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Hemorrhage chemically induced, Intracranial Hemorrhages chemically induced, Anticoagulants adverse effects, Intracranial Hemorrhage, Traumatic chemically induced
Abstract

Introduction: Falls are the leading cause of injury in older individuals, with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) being a common complication. Anticoagulants, such as vitamin K antagonist and direct oral anticoagulants, are increasingly utilized, and clinicians may question the necessity of reversal in patients with minor ICH, especially in the setting of increased risk of adverse events. This study aimed to identify a population of patients with minor traumatic ICH at low risk for poor-neurologic status where anticoagulant reversal may not improve outcomes., Methods: This retrospective cohort study utilized data accessed from 35 trauma centers from 2018 to 2021. Patients included had a preinjury anticoagulant regimen, ICH due to blunt trauma, Glasgow Coma Scale score of 15, an Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) head score from 2 to 4, and an AIS of ≤1 for non-head regions within 24 h of hospital arrival. Patients were excluded if they required an emergent neurosurgical procedure or were on a preinjury purinergic-P2 receptor-12 protein (P2Y12) inhibitor. The primary outcome was the rate of in-hospital mortality or hospice., Results: There were 654 patients on preinjury anticoagulation who were included with a minor traumatic ICH without neurologic deficits. Overall, 263 patients were reversed and 391 were not reversed. Twelve (4.6%) patients with in-hospital mortality or hospice were reversed compared with 19 (4.91%) patients who were not reversed (p = 0.861). A composite of hospital complications occurred in 21 (8%) reversed patients and 34 (8.7%) not reversed patients (p = 0.748). The average intensive care unit length of stay was 1.4 ± 3.4 days in the reversed group and 1.1 ± 1.8 days in the not reversed group (p = 0.069)., Conclusion: This study found no difference in hospital outcomes between patients with minor traumatic ICH on oral anticoagulants who were neurologically intact that were reversed versus those who were not reversed. Further studies should continue to define the subset of traumatic ICH patients who may not require reversal of anticoagulation., (© 2023 Pharmacotherapy Publications, Inc.)

Published
2024
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40. Four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate versus andexanet alfa for the reversal of traumatic brain injuries.

Author

Sadek E, Curtiss W, Andrews J, and Hecht J

Subjects
Humans, Factor Xa pharmacology, Factor Xa therapeutic use, Retrospective Studies, Anticoagulants adverse effects, Factor Xa Inhibitors therapeutic use, Recombinant Proteins therapeutic use, Blood Coagulation Factors adverse effects, Brain Injuries, Traumatic complications, Brain Injuries, Traumatic drug therapy, Brain Injuries, Traumatic chemically induced
Abstract

Background: Andexanet alfa was approved in 2018 for reversal of direct oral anticoagulants but due to issues of cost and access, four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (4F-PCC) continues to be used for this indication. The objective of this study is to evaluate outcomes of reversal with these agents in patients with isolated traumatic brain injuries (TBI)., Methods: This is a retrospective review of 35 trauma centres from 2014 to 2021. Patients were included with an Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)>2 for head and having received andexanet alfa or 4F-PCC within 24 hours of admission. Patients were excluded if P2Y12 inhibitor use or AIS>2 outside of head. Primary outcome includes rate of mortality/hospice at hospital discharge. Secondary outcomes include a composite of serious hospital complications. A subgroup analysis of severe TBI patients (AIS head 4 or 5) was completed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to account for differences in comorbidities and TBI severity., Results: 4F-PCC was given to 265 patients with another 59 receiving andexanet alfa. Patients in the andexanet alfa group were more likely to have an AIS head score of 5 (47.5% vs 26.1%; p<0.005). After adjusting for severity of TBI and comorbidities with regard to tomortality/hospice, there were 15 (25.4%) patients in the andexanet alfa group and 49 (18.5%) in the 4F-PCC group (OR 1.34; 95% CI 0.67 to 2.71). This remained consistent when looking at severe patients with TBI with 12 (28.6%) andexanet alfa patients and 37 (28.7%) 4F-PCC patients (OR 0.93 (95% CI 0.40 to 2.16)). Severe hospital complications were also similar between groups with 5 (8.5%) andexanet alfa patients as compared with 21 (7.9%) 4F-PCC patients (OR 1.01; 95% CI 0.36 to 2.88)., Conclusion: There was no firm conclusion on the treatment effect in mortality/hospice or serious complications among isolated TBI patients reversed with 4F-PCC as compared with andexanet alfa., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Published
2024
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41. Research on neonatal microbiomes: what neonatologists need to know.

Author

Sherman MP, Minnerly J, Curtiss W, Rangwala S, and Kelley ST

Subjects
Humans, Infant, Newborn, Metagenomics methods, Phylogeny, Sequence Analysis, DNA methods, Biomedical Research trends, Microbiota genetics, Neonatology education
Abstract

The aim of this article is to educate neonatal caregivers about metagenomics. This scientific field uses novel and ever changing molecular methods to identify how infants become colonized with microbes after birth. Publications using metagenomics appear infrequently in the neonatal literature because clinicians are unaccustomed to the analytical techniques, data interpretation, and illustration of the results. This review covers those areas. After a brief introduction of neonatal citations forthcoming from metagenomic studies, the following topics are covered: (1) the history of metagenomics, (2) a description of current and emerging instruments used to define microbial populations in human organs, and (3) how extensive databases generated by genome analyzers are examined and presented to readers. Clinicians may feel like they are learning a new language; however, they will appreciate this task is essential to understanding and practicing neonatal medicine in the future., (© 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel.)

Published
2014
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42. Primary intrahepatic biliary cystadenocarcinoma.

Author

Kamyab A, Curtiss W, Mittal V, and Jacobs M

Subjects
Aged, Bile Duct Neoplasms pathology, Bile Duct Neoplasms surgery, Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic pathology, Cystadenocarcinoma diagnosis, Cystadenocarcinoma diagnostic imaging, Cystadenocarcinoma surgery, Dilatation, Pathologic, Female, Hepatectomy, Humans, Jejunostomy, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Bile Duct Neoplasms diagnosis
Published
2011

43. An evidence-based systematic review of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration.

Author

Ulbricht C, Abrams TR, Brigham A, Ceurvels J, Clubb J, Curtiss W, Kirkwood CD, Giese N, Hoehn K, Iovin R, Isaac R, Rusie E, Serrano JM, Varghese M, Weissner W, and Windsor RC

Subjects
Evidence-Based Medicine, Humans, Medicine, Traditional, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Phytotherapy, Plant Extracts therapeutic use, Rosmarinus
Abstract

An evidence-based systematic review of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), including written and statistical analysis of scientific literature, expert opinion, folkloric precedent, history, pharmacology, kinetics/dynamics, interactions, adverse effects, toxicology, and dosing.

Published
2010
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44. Quantitation of base substitutions in eukaryotic 5S rRNA: selection for the maintenance of RNA secondary structure.

Author

Curtiss WC and Vournakis JN

Subjects
Animals, Base Sequence, Fungi genetics, Humans, Mutation, Nucleic Acid Conformation, Software, Animal Population Groups genetics, Phylogeny, Plants genetics, RNA, Ribosomal genetics
Abstract

Eukaryotic 5S rRNA sequences from 34 diverse species were compared by the following method: (1) The sequences were aligned; (2) the positions of substitutions were located by comparison of all possible pairs of sequences; (3) the substitution sites were mapped to an assumed general base pairing model; and (4) the R-Y model of base stacking was used to study stacking pattern relationships in the structure. An analysis of the sequence and structure variability in each region of the molecule is presented. It was found that the degree of base substitution varies over a wide range, from absolute conservation to occurrence of over 90% of the possible observable substitutions. The substitutions are located primarily in stem regions of the 5S rRNA secondary structure. More than 88% of the substitutions in helical regions maintain base pairing. The disruptive substitutions are primarily located at the edges of helical regions, resulting in shortening of the helical regions and lengthening of the adjacent nonpaired regions. Base stacking patterns determined by the R-Y model are mapped onto the general secondary structure. Intrastrand and interstrand stacking could stabilize alternative coaxial structures and limit the conformational flexibility of nonpaired regions. Two short contiguous regions are 100% conserved in all species. This may reflect evolutionary constraints imposed at the DNA level by the requirement for binding of a 5S gene transcription initiation factor during gene expression.

Published
1984
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