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One new flavan (1), besides four known flavanones (2 – 5), was isolated from the aerial parts of Cyperus conglomeratus Rottb. Their structures were established by spectroscopic methods including one and two-dimensional NMR and high-resolution MS. Their antidiabetic activity was evaluated by measuring the inhibitory effect on α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and glycogen phosphorylase. The prebiotic activity was assessed utilizing two probiotic Lacticaseibacillus strains. The effect of the compounds on the enzyme profile of the tested probiotic strains was also evaluated. The promising activity against the tested enzymes was shown by compounds 2 and 4. All compounds exhibited an enhancement in alkaline phosphatase activity in the enzyme profile of Lb. rhamnosus and Lb. paracasei. This study demonstrated that the isolated flavonoids could be used as dietary supplements or in the development of functional foods for diabetes and prebiotics. [Display omitted] • One new flavan, besides four known flavanones were isolated from C. conglomeratus. • Antidiabetic activity was evaluated by measuring α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and GP inhibition. • Prebiotic activity was assessed utilizing two probiotic Lacticaseibacillus strains. • Isolated flavonoids could be used to develop functional foods for DM and prebiotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study consists in evaluating the antibacterial activity of the medicinal plant Cyperus conglomeratus, very widespread in the valley of Oued Righ (south-east of Algeria). The results of the ethnobotanical survey show that this plant has diversified therapeutic properties and is used in several phytotherapeutic applications. The evaluation of the antimicrobial effect of phenolic extracts of the plant on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, such as: Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa shows that butanol and ethyl acetate extracts have shown moderate activity against these five strains. On the other hand, the chloroformic extract showed an appreciable activity. Phytochemical screening confirms that the families responsible for the good antibacterial activity detected, are mainly responsible for phenols, flavonoids, tannins, sterols, and glycosides, which are found in variable amounts in the aerial parts of the plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are a focus of huge interest in biological research, including stem cell research. AgNPs synthesized using Cyperus conglomeratus root extract have been previously reported but their effects on mesenchymal stromal cells have yet to be investigated., Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of C. conglomeratus -derived AgNPs on adipogenesis and osteogenesis of mesenchymal stromal cells., Methods: AgNPs were synthesized using C. conglomeratus root extract, and the phytochemicals involved in AgNPs synthesis were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS). The cytotoxicity of the AgNPs was tested on telomerase-transformed immortalized human bone marrow-derived MSCs-hTERT (iMSC3) and human osteosarcoma cell line (MG-63) using MTT and apoptosis assays. The uptake of AgNPs by both cells was confirmed using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Furthermore, the effect of AgNPs on iMSC3 adipogenesis and osteogenesis was analyzed using stain quantification and reverse transcription- quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR)., Results: The phytochemicals predominately identified in both the AgNPs and C. conglomeratus root extract were carbohydrates. The AgNP concentrations tested using MTT and apoptosis assays (0.5-64 µg/ml and 1,4 and 32 µg/ml, respectively) showed no significant cytotoxicity on iMSC3 and MG-63. The AgNPs were internalized in a concentration-dependent manner in both cell types. Additionally, the AgNPs exhibited a significant negative effect on osteogenesis but not on adipogenesis., Conclusion: C. conglomeratus -derived AgNPs had an impact on the differentiation capacity of iMSC3. Our results indicated that C. conglomeratus AgNPs and the associated phytochemicals could exhibit potential medical applications., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

Cyperus has been commonly used as a multi-use medicinal plant in folk medicine worldwide. The objectives of our study were to determine the different metabolites in the Cyperus conglomeratus Rottb. methanol extract, and to assess its in vivo gastroprotective effect in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model in rats. Serum levels of galactin-3 and TNF-α were employed as biochemical markers. To pinpoint for active agents, comprehensive metabolites profiling of extract via UPLC-qTOF-MS/MS was employed. A total of 77 chromatographic peaks were detected, of which 70 were annotated. The detected metabolites were categorized into phenolic acids and their derivatives, flavonoids, stilbenes, aurones, quinones, terpenes, and steroids. Rats were divided into six groups; healthy control, ulcer control, standard drug group, and 25, 50, 100 mg/kg of C. conglomeratus treated rats. Pre-treatment with C. conglomeratus alcohol extract significantly reduced galactin-3, and TNF-α in ethanol-induced ulcer model at 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg. Further histopathological and histochemical studies revealed moderate erosion of superficial epithelium, few infiltrated inflammatory cells, and depletion of gastric tissue glycoprotein in the ulcer group. Treatment with the extract protected the gastric epithelial cells in a dose-dependent manner. It could be concluded that C. conglomeratus extract provides significant gastroprotective activity in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer and ought to be included in nutraceuticals in the future for ulcer treatment.

Abstract The phytochemical screening of Cyperus conglomeratus showed that carbohydrates and/or glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, sterols and/or triterpenes, and proteins and/or amino acids are present. The fatty acid profile comprised major; palmitic, oleic, heptadecanoic, linoleic and minor; arachidonic, lignoceric, stearic, and myristic acid. Two compounds; namely, α-amyrin and β-sitosterol were isolated by the fractionation of unsaponifiable matter. The acute toxicity study showed that the reported after oral administration of the alcohol extract (TAE) showed that the plant was highly safe as the LD 50 was more than 4000 mg/kg. These results were well supported by the sub-chronic toxicity, as the TAE administrated to rats for 15 consecutive days at dose 1000 mg/kg showed no alteration in the liver and kidney functions. Moreover, the extract of the plant exhibited anti-candidal activity against different Candida species. The most potent activity, (23.1 ± 2.1, 0.98 µg/ml) and (22.3 ± 0.53, 0.98 µg/ml), was obtained by the chloroform and total extract, respectively against Candida albicans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The chromatographic investigation of Cyperus conglomeratus Rottb. aerial parts resulted in the isolation of three new flavan derivatives, 7,3′-dihydroxy-8,4′-dimethoxyflavan ( 1 ), 7,4′-dihydroxy-5,3′-dimethoxy-8-methylflavan ( 2 ) and 7,4′-dihydroxy-5,3′-dimethoxy-8-prenylflavan ( 3 ), and two new stilbene derivatives, 4-hydroxy-5′-methoxy-6′′,6′′-dimethylpyran[2′′,3′′: 3′, 2′]stilbene ( 4 ) and 4′-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-2-prenylstilbene ( 5 ), along with four known compounds, 5,4′-dihydroxy-7,3′-dimethoxyflavan ( 6 ), 3′,4′-dimethoxyluteolin ( 7 ), 3′,4-dihydroxy-5′-methoxy-2′-prenylstilbene ( 8 ), and 4,4′-dihydroxy-3,3′-dimethoxy-2′-prenylstilbene ( 9 ). The structures were established by their 1D, 2D NMR and MS spectral data. The new compounds 1 - 5 were tested for cannabinoid and opioid receptor binding. Compounds 1 , 3 , 4 , and 5 exhibited moderate activity (>50% displacement) towards μ-opioid receptor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cyperus has been commonly used as a multi-use medicinal plant in folk medicine worldwide. The objectives of our study were to determine the different metabolites in the Cyperus conglomeratus Rottb. methanol extract, and to assess its in vivo gastroprotective effect in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model in rats. Serum levels of galactin-3 and TNF-α were employed as biochemical markers. To pinpoint for active agents, comprehensive metabolites profiling of extract via UPLC-qTOF-MS/MS was employed. A total of 77 chromatographic peaks were detected, of which 70 were annotated. The detected metabolites were categorized into phenolic acids and their derivatives, flavonoids, stilbenes, aurones, quinones, terpenes, and steroids. Rats were divided into six groups; healthy control, ulcer control, standard drug group, and 25, 50, 100 mg/kg of C. conglomeratus treated rats. Pre-treatment with C. conglomeratus alcohol extract significantly reduced galactin-3, and TNF-α in ethanol-induced ulcer model at 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg. Further histopathological and histochemical studies revealed moderate erosion of superficial epithelium, few infiltrated inflammatory cells, and depletion of gastric tissue glycoprotein in the ulcer group. Treatment with the extract protected the gastric epithelial cells in a dose-dependent manner. It could be concluded that C. conglomeratus extract provides significant gastroprotective activity in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer and ought to be included in nutraceuticals in the future for ulcer treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In addition to luteolin and its 7-methyl ether, the CH2Cl2–MeOH (1:1) extract of Cyperus conglomeratus afforded two new prenylflavans identified as 7,3′-dihydroxy-5,5′-dimethoxy-8-prenylflavan and 5,7,3′-trihydroxy-5′-methoxy-8-prenylflavan. The structures were established by CIMS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, H-H COSY, HMQC, HMBC and DEPT analysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]