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Résumé Peu d’études se sont intéressées aux entrevues d’enquête réalisées avec des adolescents alors qu’ils constituent une grande proportion des victimes d’agression sexuelle. Cette population se distingue de la population infantile sur les plans cognitif, psychologique et relationnel, ce qui peut influencer le déroulement des entrevues. Cette étude vise à comparer les entrevues d’enquête entre les enfants et les adolescents victimes d’agression sexuelle à l’égard des types de questions des enquêteurs, des types de réponses des victimes et des liens entre ces deux éléments afin de mieux comprendre la dynamique de l’entrevue. Au total, 44 transcriptions d’enfants âgés de 7 à 10 ans et d’adolescents âgés de 13 à 16 ans ont été codifiées à l’aide de grilles permettant de catégoriser les types de questions et les types de réponses. Les résultats indiquent que, contrairement aux entrevues conduites avec les enfants, les enquêteurs travaillent plus fréquemment avec les questions suggestives auprès des adolescents et ces derniers fournissent plus de réponses informatives à ce type d’énoncé. Les enquêteurs semblent avoir recours à des pratiques moins optimales avec les adolescents, ce qui pourrait nuire à la qualité du témoignage. Abstract Even though adolescents represent a large proportion of victims of sexual abuse, few studies have focused on the investigative interviews that take place in such cases. This population differs from the child population in terms of cognition, psychology, and ability to develop relationships, which may influence the way police officers conduct interviews. To better understand the dynamics of such interviews, this study compares investigative interviews between child and adolescent victims of sexual abuse in terms of the types of questions asked by police officers, the kinds of responses by victims, and the relationship between the two. A total of 44 transcripts from children aged 7-10 years and adolescents aged 13-16 years were coded using

Waste storage ponds can present a hazard to migrating birds and some methods of deterrence reduce evaporation, making them ineffective where evaporation is desirable. Inexpensive materials (granular activated carbon, fibreglass, and carbon air filters) have been coated on high-density polyethylene (HDPE) containers to create photothermal floats, which absorb solar irradiation and promote, rather than deter, evaporation. Carbon foam, a buoyant material, was used alone. The materials were tested for their effects on evaporation rates in a laboratory environment at low light intensities (150 W∙m-2). Granular activated carbon displayed the largest improvement in evaporative performance, increasing the evaporation rate by 64% (plus/minus 7%) compared with a control with standing water, and 199% (plus/minus 7%) compared with uncoated HDPE. Materials were characterised using scanning electron microscopy, specific surface area analysis, water retention analysis, contact angle goniometry, and reflectance. Significant differences were found between materials for all parameters and their connections to measured evaporation rates. It is concluded that these novel and inexpensive material combinations may be suitable for maintaining or improving evaporation rates while deterring waterfowl., Waste storage ponds can present a hazard to migrating birds and some methods of deterrence reduce evaporation, making them ineffective where evaporation is desirable. Inexpensive materials (granular activated carbon, fibreglass, and carbon air filters) have been coated on high-density polyethylene (HDPE) containers to create photothermal floats, which absorb solar irradiation and promote, rather than deter, evaporation. Carbon foam, a buoyant material, was used alone. The materials were tested for their effects on evaporation rates in a laboratory environment at low light intensities (150 W∙m-2). Granular activated carbon displayed the largest improvement in evaporative performance, increasing the evaporation rate by 64% (plus/minus 7%) compared with a control with standing water, and 199% (plus/minus 7%) compared with uncoated HDPE. Materials were characterised using scanning electron microscopy, specific surface area analysis, water retention analysis, contact angle goniometry, and reflectance. Significant differences were found between materials for all parameters and their connections to measured evaporation rates. It is concluded that these novel and inexpensive material combinations may be suitable for maintaining or improving evaporation rates while deterring waterfowl.

For security and justice professionals (e.g., police officers, lawyers, judges), the thousands of peer-reviewed articles on nonverbal communication represent important sources of knowledge. However, despite the scope of the scientific work carried out on this subject, professionals can turn to programs, methods, and approaches that fail to reflect the state of science. The objective of this article is to examine (i) concepts of nonverbal communication conveyed by these programs, methods, and approaches, but also (ii) the consequences of their use (e.g., on the life or liberty of individuals). To achieve this objective, we describe the scope of scientific research on nonverbal communication. A program (SPOT; Screening of Passengers by Observation Techniques), a method (the BAI; Behavior Analysis Interview) and an approach (synergology) that each run counter to the state of science are examined. Finally, we outline five hypotheses to explain why some organizations in the fields of security and justice are turning to pseudoscience and pseudoscientific techniques. We conclude the article by inviting these organizations to work with the international community of scholars who have scientific expertise in nonverbal communication and lie (and truth) detection to implement evidence-based practices.

Résumé Le programme Lanterne vise à prévenir la violence sexuelle et s’adresse aux enfants d’âge préscolaire ainsi qu’aux adultes qui gravitent autour d’eux. Cette étude vise à recueillir 1) les perceptions des personnes éducatrices concernant l’utilisation des outils pédagogiques du programme auprès des enfants et 2) l’expérience subjective des personnes-ressources qui agissent à titre de Lanterne. Selon les personnes interrogées, les outils sont très appréciés des tout-petits et le programme est adapté à leur niveau développemental. Les personnes Lanterne ont aussi observé des retombées positives du programme sur leur pratique professionnelle, elles rapportent notamment accorder un plus grand respect à l’intimité des jeunes enfants. Finalement, les données recueillies permettent d’offrir des recommandations en vue d’assurer la pérennité du programme. Abstract The “Lanterne” Program, aimed at preventing sexual violence, is intended for preschoolers and the adults close to them. The purpose of this study is to collect data on 1) educator perceptions regarding the use of the program’s educational tools with children and 2) the subjective experiences of resource persons acting as Lanterns. According to the interviewees, the tools are very popular with the children and the program is developmentally appropriate for them. The Lanterns have also observed that the program has positive impacts on their professional practice, including greater respect for the privacy of young children. Finally, the collected data suggests recommendations to ensure the program’s sustainability.