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Research shows that humour is related to relationship satisfaction, but little is known about couples' use of sexual humour. The current study examined sexual humour use and its associations with relational humour, relationship satisfaction, and sexual satisfaction. Participants (adults in a romantic relationship of at least 4 months; N = 196) completed online measures of the frequency, nature, and perceptions of sexual humour use, relational humour use, relationship satisfaction, and sexual satisfaction, and they described an example of sexual humour their partner had used. Participants indicated that sexual humour was used at least occasionally with their partner. Examples of sexual humour suggest several common forms (e.g., inside jokes/rituals, physical humour, smoothing over awkward moments). Most participants perceived positive consequences of sexual humour, including increased comfort, fun, and closeness. More frequent use of positive relational humour (by self and partner) was associated with more frequent and more positively valenced sexual humour, whereas more frequent negative relational humour use by partner predicted lower relationship and sexual satisfaction. Finally, more positively valenced sexual humour predicted sexual satisfaction over and above relationship satisfaction and relational humour. Relationship and sexual humour are related to both relationship and sexual satisfaction. Sexual humour may help mitigate discomfort with potentially awkward situations and facilitate individual comfort as well as connection with a partner. The unique contribution of sexual humour to sexual satisfaction suggests it may play a modest but distinctive role in sexual well-being. Implications and future directions are discussed. KEYWORDS: Humour, relationship satisfaction, romantic relationships, sexual humour, sexual satisfaction, Humor is how we love each other. My mama always told me to marry a man who makes me laugh. -Participant Quotation Observation of popular magazines and websites shows that [...]

Welcome to the 25th anniversary edition of PLEXUS, UC Irvine School of Medicine’s annual student-organized Journal of Medical Humanities & Arts. To mark this celebratory milestone, it is with great pleasure that I present to you NAVIGATE. In the ever-evolving landscape of medicine, the ability to navigate through challenges and unforeseen obstacles is paramount. NAVIGATE serves as a timely invitation for our colleagues to reflect on the distances traversed and to envision the new horizons that lie ahead. We sought to highlight the constellation of tools utilized when we feel lost and to acknowledge the beacons that steer our actions. The subsequent pages offer its readers profoundinsights into the extraordinary journeys undertaken by the greater UCI Health community. We hope it delivers a sense of direction, solace, and clarity to all readers.As we celebrate our 25th anniversary, wehonor the visionaries, contributors, and readers that have propelled us forward on this remarkable voyage. Their collective support fuels our efforts to serve as a creative outlet for the community, catalyze meaningful discussions, and apply the tenets of medical humanities to foster a cohort of compassionate healers.We extend our deepest gratitude to our faculty advisors Dr. Juliet McMullin and Dr. TanNguyen for their invaluable guidance and for sharing their expertise within the field. We thank the UCISOM Medical Humanities & Arts Program and the UCI Department of Family Medicine for their unwavering support. I invite you to embark on this exploration with us, and witness the intricate tapestry of our contributors’ lived experiences that defines our shared journey in healthcare.Bon voyage,Christopher SahagianEditor-in-ChiefCreative Review — Caroline GeeCreative Review — Huan NguyenCreative Review — Sana ShahDesign — Nicole ParkerDesign — Britney WengFaculty Advisor — Dr. Juliet McMullinFaculty Advisor — Dr. Tan NguyenStaff Advisor — Leonora Naser-Saravia{Front Cover): NEW HEIGHTS Britney Weng, MS1San Pedro de Atacama, Chile(Inner Cover): TRAVERSING  Britney Weng, MS1Chile Route 23

The purpose of this mixed methods triangulation convergence study (Creswell & Clark, 2017) was to identify the differences between expressions of understanding through writing versus video reflection in a second-grade science classroom. Specifically, we analyzed the reflective piece of the design thinking of the engineering and design process by focusing on the empathy and ideate themes of the d.school (2013) engineering and design thinking rubric. A total of 76 second grade science students participated in the study either through Flipgrid, video reflection, or written reflection. Results show that there were far fewer instances of empathy as opposed to ideate in both written and video responses. Additionally, there were far fewer instances of both present in the written responses compared to the video responses. Given that providing opportunities for students to engage in the inquiry-based learning of science with empathy may increase their capacity to learn science (Garner et al., 2017), learning how to effectively teach empathy could be beneficial in the teaching and learning of science.

Malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumors (MPTTs), arising from the external root sheath of hair follicles, are exceptionally rare, with limited documentation of their genetic alterations. We present a case of a 64-year-old African American woman who initially presented with a gradually enlarging nodule on her posterior scalp. An initial biopsy at an outside hospital suggested metastatic adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of an uncertain origin. A subsequent wide local excision revealed a 2.0 cm tumor demonstrating characteristic trichilemmal keratinization, characterized by an abrupt transition from the nucleated epithelium to a laminated keratinized layer, confirming MPTT. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated diffuse p53 expression, patchy CD 34 expression, focal HER2 membranous expression, and patchy p16 staining (negative HPV ISH). A molecular analysis identified TP53 mutation and amplifications in the ERBB2 (HER2), BRD4, and TYMS. Additional gene mutations of uncertain significance included HSPH1, ATM, PDCD1 (PD-1), BARD1, MSH3, LRP1B, KMT2C (MLL3), GNA11, and RUNX1. Assessments for the homologous recombination deficiency, PD-L1 expression, gene rearrangement, altered splicing, and DNA mismatch repair gene expression were negative. The confirmation of ERBB2 (HER2) amplification in the MPTT through a molecular analysis suggests potential therapeutic avenues involving anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies. The presence of the TP53 mutation, without the concurrent gene mutations typically observed in SCC, significantly aided in this differential diagnosis.

Background: The aim of this in vitro study was to reveal in a time-dependent manner the effect of received irradiance produced by different light-emitting-diode (LED) lamps on the surface microhardness of composite material used in the restoration of posterior teeth. Methods and Results: A single nanofilled resin composite, Estelite Posterior (Toquyama Dental Corp, Japan) shade PA3, was used to perform this in vitro study. Ninety cylindrical filling samples were made with the help of plastic ring molds and plates to obtain flat surfaces. The mean diameter and height of prepared specimens were 5.5±0.05mm and 2.5±0.1mm, respectively. For the polymerization of the composite, two different types of light-curing units (LCU) were selected for this study: Valo X (Ultradent Products, Inc., USA) operated in a “standard” mode, and Bluephase 20i (Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein) ran in a “high” mode. Photoactivation was done with the light tips fixed parallel to the surface of the filling material and above it at a distance level of 1 mm, 4 mm, and 8 mm. The radiant power (mW) of each LCU was registered in a PL-MW2000 Optical power meter (Beijing Perfectlight Technology Co., Ltd., China). A total of 18 groups, with five filling samples in each, were formed and processed. Upon the completion of light treatment, by the ISO-4049 protocol, each specimen was immersed in water and stored at 37°C for 24 hours in a lightproof container. After this period, samples were washed and tested for the hardness of top surfaces using a “ПMT-3” Vickers hardness tester. The means of light intensities of two LCUs in the study were significantly different at 4 mm and 8 mm tip distances in 1.26 and 2 times, respectively. Analysis of hardness values did not reveal significant differences in the light-curing efficacy of two LED lamps. The differences in VHN values were obvious among the 10- and 40-second time exposure groups when the photoactivation was carried out at an 8mm tip distance. Conclusion: The effective polymerization of composite restorations with poor accessibility is still a matter of time, not the power of LCU.

While previous studies have demonstrated correlations between children and adolescents' evaluations of lies and lie-telling behaviors, the temporal order of these associations over time and changes across this developmental period remain unexamined. The current study examined longitudinal associations among children and adolescents' (N = 1128; M[subscript age] = 11.54, SD = 1.68, 49.80% male, and 83.6% white) evaluations of lies to parents for autonomy and lie-telling frequency to parents and friends. Autoregressive cross-lagged analysis revealed longitudinal associations moderated by age. Among children, evaluations of lies predicted greater lie-telling rates over time. Conversely, among adolescents, lie-telling frequency predicted lie evaluations over time, and evaluations predicted lying to parents over time. These results demonstrate a novel developmental pattern of the associations between moral evaluations of lies and lie-telling.

Although education abroad in the US offers participants demonstrable benefits, direct and opportunity costs are cited as primary barriers to broader participation. Yet the degree to which low-income status deters studying abroad and whether additional need-based aid beyond Pell Grants encourages participation remain uncertain. Moreover, not all education abroad programs are equivalent in terms of costs. This study is the first to examine whether need-based aid recipients differentially choose programs of varying duration or programs offered by various provider types. The sample consisted of 221,981 students from 36 institutions of the Consortium for Analysis of Student Success through International Education (CASSIE). Within that sample, 60,477 received Pell grants. Of those recipients, 39% received additional need-based aid. Regression models controlling for student background and context indicated that Pell grant recipients were 3% less likely to study abroad than peers receiving no such aid, and receipt of additional aid increased likelihood by 1% relative to Pell-only recipients. While aid was unrelated to study abroad duration, low-income students were less likely to study with third-party providers. The findings invite financial aid officers to determine thresholds of additional aid necessary to increase participation and to collaborate more systematically with counterparts in international education.

This article explores how teaching Urban Anthropology can engender new relationships between cities, students, and classrooms. We discuss the generative connections between these actors as processes of becoming, which connect students with practices and theories for understanding urban life. Serving also as an introduction to a Special Issue on “Teaching the City,” this article introduces the issue’s pieces, which discuss teaching and learning across three continents. It also reflects on their collective contributions as an opportunity to think anew about the city through teaching. The four authors of this piece contributed equal labor.

Coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) is an incurable disease that can only be prevented by strict dust controls. In the United States, enactment of a permissible exposure limit for respirable coal [...], * Context.--The pathology of coal workers&apos; pneumoconiosis (CWP) and its most severe form--progressive massive fibrosis (PMF)--in US coal miners has changed in recent years. Severe disease is occurring in younger miners and has been linked to an increase in silica dust exposure. Objective.--To update the description of the pathologic features of CWP in contemporary miners compared to historical miners. Design.--This study is a retrospective expert classification of lung tissue from 85 historical and contemporary coal miners with PMF. Significant pathologic features were scored by using a standardized instrument with consensus achieved for major findings, including newly defined categories of PMF as coal-type, mixed-type, and silica-type. Results.--Pathologic features associated with silica dust exposure, including silica-type PMF, mineral dust alveolar proteinosis (MDAP), and immature (early stage) silicotic nodules, were increased in contemporary miners. Detailed descriptions of the pathology of contemporary CWP with illustrative figures are provided. Conclusions.--Silica-related pathologies are more common in contemporary miners. Severe forms of CWP can be detected by subtyping PMF lesions (if present) or by identification of mature and immature silicotic nodules, coal mine dust-related alveolar proteinosis, and severe inflammation in coal miners&apos; lungs. Silica-type PMF cases showed significantly higher levels of MDAP than either mixed- or coaltype PMF (P < .001). High profusion of birefringent silica/ silicate particles was observed more frequently in cases with immature (early stage) silicotic nodules (P = .04). Severe inflammation was also significantly increased in contemporary miners (P = .03). Our findings underscore the urgent need to revise current exposure limits and monitoring of respirable crystalline silica in US coal mines. doi: 10.5858/arpa.2022-0491-OA)

The present review was intended to provide several important biological insights into the practice of implant dentistry. Despite many benefits, it’s clear that a dental implant does not share the features of a dentoperiodontal unit, and alveolar bone tolerates an implant, as far as its physiology goes, within the range of adequate response to direct masticatory load. The importance of a gingival tight seal around the transmucosal part of an implant cannot be overestimated from both biological and esthetic aspects. Considering the multifactorial nature of bone augmentation, the successful outcome of this type of surgery is still a matter of chance.

Promoting teachers' well-being through interventions within childcare environments has been associated with children's social-emotional development, teacher behaviors, and job-related factors. The current study aimed to examine whether individual and contextual factors differentially impacted well-being outcomes among teachers who participated in a well-being program. Participants included 505 teachers who were enrolled in the program and completed pre- and post-intervention questionnaires on well-being outcomes (i.e., health motivation, physical activity, job stress, and resilience). Multilevel modeling estimated whether organizational, individual, and intervention-related characteristics were associated with program outcomes. Exploratory analyses examined the interactive effect of Teacher race and teacher-coach racial match over time. Results from the three-level model showed a significant change in study outcomes over time. Additionally, teacher race was associated with health motivation and resilience, such that Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) teachers reported greater improvements over time, compared to White teachers. Exploratory analyses showed a significant three-way interaction, which indicated that White teachers who were paired with a Black coach were associated with improvements in health motivation over time. Importantly, baseline differences in health motivation and resilience among BIPOC and White teachers may explain the variance in the significant effects. Findings from the present study have important implications for practitioners disseminating teacher well-being interventions in schools.

This study utilized the large-scale, multi-institutional CASSIE dataset to examine the impact of education abroad participation on academic outcomes for first-generation college students. Using robust multivariate matching methodology that effectively minimized self-selection bias, results showed the magnitude of benefit offered by studying abroad was greater for first-generation students than for continuing-generation students. Even after matching on a variety of background and prior achievement variables, first-generation students who studied abroad had higher 4- and 6-year graduation rates, had higher cumulative GPA scores, and took less time to graduate--relative to first-generation students who did not study abroad. These findings suggest that education abroad programming can be leveraged as a high-impact educational practice to promote college completion rates among first-generation students.

Given the value placed on honesty and the negative consequences of lying, encouraging children's truth-telling is important. The present investigation assessed honesty promotion techniques for encouraging 3-8-year-old Canadian children's (Study 1: n = 301, 54% female; Study 2: n = 229, 50% female from predominantly White middle-class samples) disclosure of a transgression and whether they varied by age. Study 1 examined promising to tell the truth, inducing self-awareness, and the combination of both promising and self-awareness. Study 2 assessed modeling honesty, positive consequences of honesty, and the combination of modeling and consequences. Some individual techniques worked for specific age groups: Self-awareness only increased 3-4-year-olds' and promising only increased 7-8-year-olds' honesty. However, the combination of modeling and consequences increased honesty for all age groups. Findings suggest that different motivational factors may encourage children's honesty across childhood.

BackgroundIndividuals with co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and HIV are at high-risk for negative HIV-related outcomes, including low adherence to antiretroviral therapy, faster disease progression, more hospitalizations, and almost twice the rate of death. Despite high rates of PTSD in persons with HIV (PWH) and poor HIV-related health outcomes associated with PTSD, an effective evidence-based treatment for PTSD symptoms in PWH does not exist. ObjectiveThis study aimed to describe the adaptation and theater testing of an evidence-based intervention designed for people with co-occurring PTSD and HIV. MethodsThe Assessment, Decision, Adaptation, Production, Topical experts-integration, Training, and Testing (ADAPT-ITT) framework guided the formative process used to modify an evidence-based PTSD treatment (cognitive processing therapy; CPT) to meet the unique needs of PWH experiencing PTSD. With the integration of Life-Steps for Medication Adherence (Life-Steps), the adapted protocol (CPT-Life-Steps for integration of adherence; CPT-L) targeted HIV-related stigma and HIV medication adherence within a trauma-informed framework. Theater testing was completed with 7 participants to evaluate acceptability of CPT-L for PWH. The qualitative data (N=54 recordings) used to evaluate and adapt CPT-L emerged from individual interviews conducted with participants after each therapy session as well as exit interviews conducted at posttreatment data collection. ResultsAfter challenging stigma-related appraisals, participants expressed feeling less constrained by maladaptive thoughts. These shifts translated to increased self-efficacy with both HIV-related care and mental health. ConclusionsThese results indicate that trauma-informed work with PWH should consider the impact of HIV on trauma-related stuck points, intersecting identities (including living with HIV), and challenging internalized stigma. Findings provide evidence that CPT-L is acceptable and effective in addressing internalized HIV stigma that impacts PTSD symptom maintenance and HIV treatment engagement. Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov; NCT05275842; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05275842?id=NCT05275842&rank=1 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)RR2-10.1016/j.conctc.2023.101150

Analysis of lung histopathology and retained dust particulate may improve diagnostic accuracy and exposure assessment in patients with occupational lung disease, especially when workplace exposure measurements are limited. For example, [...], * Context.--Current approaches for characterizing retained lung dust using pathologists&apos; qualitative assessment or scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) have limitations. Objective.--To explore polarized light microscopy coupled with image-processing software, termed quantitative microscopy-particulate matter (QM-PM), as a tool to characterize in situ dust in lung tissue of US coal miners with progressive massive fibrosis. Design.--We developed a standardized protocol using microscopy images to characterize the in situ burden of birefringent crystalline silica/silicate particles (mineral density) and carbonaceous particles (pigment fraction). Mineral density and pigment fraction were compared with pathologists&apos; qualitative assessments and SEM/EDS analyses. Particle features were compared between historical (born before 1930) and contemporary coal miners, who likely had different exposures following changes in mining technology. Results.--Lung tissue samples from 85 coal miners (62 historical and 23 contemporary) and 10 healthy controls were analyzed using QM-PM. Mineral density and pigment fraction measurements with QM-PM were comparable to consensus pathologists&apos; scoring and SEM/EDS analyses. Contemporary miners had greater mineral density than historical miners (186 456 versus 63 727/[mm.sup.3]; P = .02) and controls (4542/[mm.sup.3]), consistent with higher amounts of silica/silicate dust. Contemporary and historical miners had similar particle sizes (median area, 1.00 versus 1.14 [micro][m.sup.2]; P = .46) and birefringence under polarized light (median grayscale brightness: 80.9 versus 87.6; P = .29). Conclusions.--QM-PM reliably characterizes in situ silica/silicate and carbonaceous particles in a reproducible, automated, accessible, and time/cost/labor-efficient manner, and shows promise as a tool for understanding occupational lung pathology and targeting exposure controls.

In mathematics education, researchers often contrast conceptual and procedural teaching approaches, although labels and conceptualizations often vary across studies. Prior research has extensively examined empirical relationships between the two teaching approaches and mathematics achievement. In our study, we aimed to extend this research by exploring whether one teaching approach moderates the relationship between the other teaching approach and algebra achievement. Specifically, we investigated whether the relationship between one teaching approach and algebra achievement differs depending on the degree to which the other teaching approach is implemented. We used data from the High School Longitudinal Study (HSLS:2009) that was conducted in the USA. In our study, procedural teaching was measured as the amount of emphasis that teachers placed on objectives related to procedures and computational skills, whereas conceptual teaching was measured as the amount of emphasis that teachers placed on objectives related to understanding, application, and motivation. Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) was used to analyze the data, thus accounting for clustering of students within classes and classes within teachers. We found a statistically non-significant interaction effect. This result suggests that the association between one teaching approach and algebra achievement is similar across the degrees of the other teaching approach. Furthermore, we found a statistically significant association between conceptual teaching and algebra achievement. Specifically, conceptual teaching was positively related to algebra achievement. For procedural teaching, we found a statistically non-significant association. Hence, we did not find evidence that procedural teaching is related to algebra achievement.

Tree-removal treatments have been broadly applied across piñon-juniper ecosystems of the western United States to reduce tree cover, stimulate understory plant production, and promote habitat for shrub- and grassland-obligate wildlife species. Mastication treatments have become an increasingly common approach, yet the efficacy of these treatments can vary on the basis of a variety of factors, including soil characteristics, woodland structure, and grazing pressures. Here, we assessed vegetation responses to mastication treatments across three dominant soil types in two-needle piñon (Pinus edulis Engelm. [Pinaceae])−one-seed juniper (Juniperus monosperma [Engelm.] Sarg.) woodlands in southeast Colorado, United States, a region characterized by monsoonal precipitation, limited presence of introduced plant species, and relatively high grazing intensity by cattle and wildlife. We found that mastication treatments were effective at increasing herbaceous plant cover and species diversity (by 1.2 × and 1.5 ×) and at reducing the amount of exposed soil (60% reduction) 3 yr following treatment. This was mainly due to increases in native perennial grasses. Further, there were limited (and insignificant) increases in cover of annual plants and low abundance of introduced species in treated plots. Understory plant responses to treatment were similar across soils with a range of available water capacities. The increase in understory plant cover and richness paired with the low abundance of introduced species suggests that mastication treatments increase forage production for cattle and wild ungulates. In addition, the lack of soil type differences in treatment response suggests that mastication treatment placement does not need to prioritize soil type and can instead focus on other key areas of importance, such as wildlife habitat connectivity, historic woodland structure, and treatment feasibility.

Lie-telling and impulsivity levels peak during late childhood to early adolescence and have been suggested to be related. Heightened impulsivity may lead adolescents to lie in favor of short-term benefits without consideration for the potential consequences of deception. The present study assessed longitudinal relations between self-reported impulsivity and lie-telling frequency. Participants from a large-scale longitudinal study (N = 1148; M[subscript age] = 11.55, SD = 1.69, 9-15 years at Time 1) reported on their impulsivity (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale) and their frequency of lie-telling to parents, to teachers, to friends, and about cheating across two time points 1 year apart. Cross-lagged path analysis revealed greater impulsivity was associated with more frequent lie-telling to parents, friends, and teachers, and about cheating over time. Our findings demonstrate the role of impulsivity in the development of lie-telling behaviors.