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51,188 results on '"D'Angelo P"'

1. Donor Support to Inclusive Education for Children with Disabilities: Who Does What in GPE Partner Countries?

Author: Global Partnership for Education (GPE), Stuart Cameron, Sophia D’Angelo, Daniela Gamboa Zapatel, and Maria Qureshi
Abstract: Children with disabilities remain among the most excluded from education in Global Partnership for Education (GPE) partner countries and other lower-income countries. Despite considerable activity funded both through GPE and by other donors, as well as by partner countries themselves, the level of international support to inclusive education remains too low and patchy for countries to transform their education systems so they are fully inclusive of children with disabilities. Development partners need to coordinate; help to build a stronger evidence base at global, regional and national levels; and go beyond isolated interventions to support reforms that have the potential to make the whole system more inclusive. To do this, development partners need to share knowledge on their activities globally and at the country level. This paper, and the underlying mapping exercise, aims to facilitate knowledge sharing in the sector by analyzing thematic and geographic focus areas of major development partners supporting inclusive education.
Published: 2024

2. Televised Versus In-Class Instruction--What the Literature Implies.

Author: Golden West Coll., Huntington Beach, CA. and Segalla, Angelo
Abstract: This paper presents a review of research on the effectiveness of educational television compared to traditional face-to-face instruction. The studies reviewed are presented under seven rubrics: TV as a catalyst for learning; two-way TV; use of commercial TV shows; simulation of a real situation; TV integrated as part of the classroom lecture; TV courses instead of lecture in the classroom; and TV courses in the home. The author concludes that while TV has proved effective for teaching basic knowledge, it is deficient for teaching cognitive skills requiring more than "level I" knowledge. A bibliography is appended (the latest reference is to a 1975 publication). (BB)
Published: 2024

3. Grit, Retention and Student Success in a South African Distance Education Institution: A Postgraduate Triad?

Author: Kelly Young and Angelo Fynn
Abstract: Psychological grit has gained substantial interest among traditional higher education practitioners, with many seeking the link between grit, academic performance and retention. The literature pertaining to distance education cohorts is scant, however, especially within the South African context, which holds unique challenges for accessing and completing a tertiary qualification. This study made use of a nonexperimental design and used Grit-S and demographic data combined with records of student performance and progression to ascertain grit's role in determining retention and degree completion at a mega distance education institution in South Africa. The sample comprised 775 honours students who registered for their qualification for the first time in 2017. Results from the final structural model highlighted the significant influence of perseverance and first-to-second year retention on student success (operationalised at qualification completion). A subsequent binary logistic regression revealed odds ratios of 1.98 (CI: 1.45 - 2.69) and 12.15 (CI: 7.40 - 19.95), respectively. The final model explained 24% of the variance in qualification completion rates, with the biggest contributor being first-to-second year retention ([beta] = 0.45; p < 0.01). These results and subsequent implications are discussed.
Published: 2024

4. Open Challenges in the Formal Verification of Autonomous Driving

Author: Burgio, Paolo, Ferrando, Angelo, and Villani, Marco
Subjects: Computer Science - Software Engineering, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, Computer Science - Robotics
Abstract: In the realm of autonomous driving, the development and integration of highly complex and heterogeneous systems are standard practice. Modern vehicles are not monolithic systems; instead, they are composed of diverse hardware components, each running its own software systems. An autonomous vehicle comprises numerous independent components, often developed by different and potentially competing companies. This diversity poses significant challenges for the certification process, as it necessitates certifying components that may not disclose their internal behaviour (black-boxes). In this paper, we present a real-world case study of an autonomous driving system, identify key open challenges associated with its development and integration, and explore how formal verification techniques can address these challenges to ensure system reliability and safety., Comment: In Proceedings FMAS2024, arXiv:2411.13215
Published: 2024
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5. RV4Chatbot: Are Chatbots Allowed to Dream of Electric Sheep?

Author: Gatti, Andrea, Mascardi, Viviana, and Ferrando, Angelo
Subjects: Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction, Computer Science - Software Engineering
Abstract: Chatbots have become integral to various application domains, including those with safety-critical considerations. As a result, there is a pressing need for methods that ensure chatbots consistently adhere to expected, safe behaviours. In this paper, we introduce RV4Chatbot, a Runtime Verification framework designed to monitor deviations in chatbot behaviour. We formalise expected behaviours as interaction protocols between the user and the chatbot. We present the RV4Chatbot design and describe two implementations that instantiate it: RV4Rasa, for monitoring chatbots created with the Rasa framework, and RV4Dialogflow, for monitoring Dialogflow chatbots. Additionally, we detail experiments conducted in a factory automation scenario using both RV4Rasa and RV4Dialogflow., Comment: In Proceedings FMAS2024, arXiv:2411.13215
Published: 2024
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6. ROSMonitoring 2.0: Extending ROS Runtime Verification to Services and Ordered Topics

Author: Saadat, Maryam Ghaffari, Ferrando, Angelo, Dennis, Louise A., and Fisher, Michael
Subjects: Computer Science - Software Engineering, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Robotics
Abstract: Formal verification of robotic applications presents challenges due to their hybrid nature and distributed architecture. This paper introduces ROSMonitoring 2.0, an extension of ROSMonitoring designed to facilitate the monitoring of both topics and services while considering the order in which messages are published and received. The framework has been enhanced to support these novel features for ROS1 -- and partially ROS2 environments -- offering improved real-time support, security, scalability, and interoperability. We discuss the modifications made to accommodate these advancements and present results obtained from a case study involving the runtime monitoring of specific components of a fire-fighting Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle (UAV)., Comment: In Proceedings FMAS2024, arXiv:2411.13215
Published: 2024
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7. Entanglement growth in the dark intervals of a locally monitored free-fermion chain

Author: Di Fresco, Giovanni, Gal, Youenn Le, Valenti, Davide, Schirò, Marco, and Carollo, Angelo
Subjects: Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract: We consider a free fermionic chain with monitoring of the particle density on a single site of the chain and study the entanglement dynamics of quantum jump trajectories. We show that the entanglement entropy grows in time towards a stationary state which display volume law scaling of the entropy, in stark contrast with both the unitary dynamics after a local quench and the no-click limit corresponding to full post-selection. We explain the extensive entanglement growth as a consequence of the peculiar distribution of quantum jumps in time, which display superpoissonian waiting time distribution characterised by a bunching of quantum jumps followed by long dark intervals where no-clicks are detected, akin to the distribution of fluorescence light in a driven atom. We show that the presence of dark intervals is the key feature to explain the effect and that by increasing the number of sites which are monitored the volume law scaling gives away to the Zeno effect and its associated area law., Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2024

8. Non-Abelian entanglement asymmetry in random states

Author: Russotto, Angelo, Ares, Filiberto, and Calabrese, Pasquale
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Theory, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Quantum Physics
Abstract: The entanglement asymmetry measures the extent to which a symmetry is broken within a subsystem of an extended quantum system. Here, we analyse this quantity in Haar random states for arbitrary compact, semi-simple Lie groups, building on and generalising recent results obtained for the $U(1)$ symmetric case. We find that, for any symmetry group, the average entanglement asymmetry vanishes in the thermodynamic limit when the subsystem is smaller than its complement. When the subsystem and its complement are of equal size, the entanglement asymmetry jumps to a finite value, indicating a sudden transition of the subsystem from a fully symmetric state to one devoid of any symmetry. For larger subsystem sizes, the entanglement asymmetry displays a logarithmic scaling with a coefficient fixed by the dimension of the group. We also investigate the fluctuations of the entanglement asymmetry, which tend to zero in the thermodynamic limit. We check our findings against exact numerical calculations for the $SU(2)$ and $SU(3)$ groups. We further discuss their implications for the thermalisation of isolated quantum systems and black hole evaporation., Comment: 28 pages, 6 figures. References added
Published: 2024

9. Cyborg Insect Factory: Automatic Assembly System to Build up Insect-computer Hybrid Robot Based on Vision-guided Robotic Arm Manipulation of Custom Bipolar Electrodes

Author: Lin, Qifeng, Vuong, Nghia, Song, Kewei, Tran-Ngoc, Phuoc Thanh, Nonato, Greg Angelo Gonzales, and Sato, Hirotaka
Subjects: Computer Science - Robotics
Abstract: The advancement of insect-computer hybrid robots holds significant promise for navigating complex terrains and enhancing robotics applications. This study introduced an automatic assembly method for insect-computer hybrid robots, which was accomplished by mounting backpack with precise implantation of custom-designed bipolar electrodes. We developed a stimulation protocol for the intersegmental membrane between pronotum and mesothorax of the Madagascar hissing cockroach, allowing for bipolar electrodes' automatic implantation using a robotic arm. The assembly process was integrated with a deep learning-based vision system to accurately identify the implantation site, and a dedicated structure to fix the insect (68 s for the whole assembly process). The automatically assembled hybrid robots demonstrated steering control (over 70 degrees for 0.4 s stimulation) and deceleration control (68.2% speed reduction for 0.4 s stimulation), matching the performance of manually assembled systems. Furthermore, a multi-agent system consisting of 4 hybrid robots successfully covered obstructed outdoor terrain (80.25% for 10 minutes 31 seconds), highlighting the feasibility of mass-producing these systems for practical applications. The proposed automatic assembly strategy reduced preparation time for the insect-computer hybrid robots while maintaining their precise control, laying a foundation for scalable production and deployment in real-world applications.
Published: 2024

10. Hunting axion dark matter with anti-ferromagnets: a case study with nickel oxide

Author: Catinari, Pier Giuseppe, Esposito, Angelo, and Pavaskar, Shashin
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We show that nickel oxide, which is already a very promising target to look for sub-MeV dark matter scattering, can be employed to hunt axion dark matter, with masses in the meV range and couplings to electrons allowing them to potentially be QCD axions. We describe the interactions between axions and the collective excitations of nickel oxide in terms of a universal effective field theory, built solely out of symmetry arguments. The processes of conversion into one or two excitations provide, respectively, a narrowband and a broadband channel for the axion search, and the possibility of varying an external magnetic field up to a phase transition point allows to cover a large portion of a yet unexplored parameter space, reaching axion masses down to few fractions of an meV. Our results underline nickel oxide as an ideal candidate for a multi-purpose target for light dark matter searches.
Published: 2024

11. An EFT for anisotropic anti-ferromagnets: gapped Goldstones, pseudo-Goldstones, and phase transitions

Author: Catinari, Pier Giuseppe, Esposito, Angelo, and Pavaskar, Shashin
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract: We build and discuss a low energy effective field theory for anisotropic anti-ferromagnets in presence of an external magnetic field. Such an effective theory is simple yet rich, and features a number of phenomena such as the appearance of gapped Goldstones, pseudo-Goldstones and a "spin flop" phase transition, all within the regime of validity of the theory. We also discuss in detail, the quantization procedure of the free theory in the presence of a magnetic field, which is made non-trivial by the presence of a single-time derivative term. This class of materials make a precious test field for exotic phenomena in quantum field theory. Moreover, we explicitly perform the matching of the effective theory to the short distance theory of a specific anti-ferromagnet, namely, nickel oxide. The latter is particularly relevant in light of recent proposals of employing this material towards the hunt for light dark matter. As a byproduct of our study, we also re-evaluate the role played by discrete symmetries in magnetic materials, presenting it in a way that is completely consistent with the proper low energy EFT ideology.
Published: 2024

12. On the foundations of statistical mechanics

Author: Baldovin, Marco, Gradenigo, Giacomo, Vulpiani, Angelo, and Zanghì, Nino
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract: Although not as wide, and popular, as that of quantum mechanics, the investigation of fundamental aspects of statistical mechanics constitutes an important research field in the building of modern physics. Besides the interest for itself, both for physicists and philosophers, and the obvious pedagogical motivations, there is a further, compelling reason for a thorough understanding of the subject. The fast development of models and methods at the edge of the established domain of the field requires indeed a deep reflection on the essential aspects of the theory, which are at the basis of its success. These elements should never be disregarded when trying to expand the domain of statistical mechanics to systems with novel, little known features. It is thus important to (re)consider in a careful way the main ingredients involved in the foundations of statistical mechanics. Among those, a primary role is covered by the dynamical aspects (e.g. presence of chaos), the emergence of collective features for large systems, and the use of probability in the building of a consistent statistical description of physical systems. With this goal in mind, in the present review we aim at providing a consistent picture of the state of the art of the subject, both in the classical and in the quantum realm. In particular, we will highlight the similarities of the key technical and conceptual steps with emphasis on the relevance of the many degrees of freedom, to justify the use of statistical ensembles in the two domains., Comment: 94 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2024

13. Rethinking negative sampling in content-based news recommendation

Author: Rebelo, Miguel Ângelo, Vinagre, João, Pereira, Ivo, and Figueira, Álvaro
Subjects: Computer Science - Information Retrieval, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract: News recommender systems are hindered by the brief lifespan of articles, as they undergo rapid relevance decay. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of content-based neural techniques in tackling this problem. However, these models often involve complex neural architectures and often lack consideration for negative examples. In this study, we posit that the careful sampling of negative examples has a big impact on the model's outcome. We devise a negative sampling technique that not only improves the accuracy of the model but also facilitates the decentralization of the recommendation system. The experimental results obtained using the MIND dataset demonstrate that the accuracy of the method under consideration can compete with that of State-of-the-Art models. The utilization of the sampling technique is essential in reducing model complexity and accelerating the training process, while maintaining a high level of accuracy. Finally, we discuss how decentralized models can help improve privacy and scalability.
Published: 2024

14. A Novel Approach to Characterize Dynamics of ECG-Derived Skin Nerve Activity via Time-Varying Spectral Analysis

Author: Kong, Youngsun, Baghestani, Farnoush, D'Angelo, William, Chen, I-Ping, and Chon, Ki H.
Subjects: Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing, Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition
Abstract: Assessment of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is one of the major approaches for studying affective states. Skin nerve activity (SKNA) derived from high-frequency components of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals has been a promising surrogate for assessing the SNS. However, current SKNA analysis tools have shown high variability across study protocols and experiments. Hence, we propose a time-varying spectral approach based on SKNA to assess the SNS with higher sensitivity and reliability. We collected ECG signals at a sampling frequency of 10 KHz from sixteen subjects who underwent various SNS stimulations. Our spectral analysis revealed that frequency bands between 150 - 1,000 Hz showed significant increases in power during SNS stimulations. Using this information, we developed a time-varying index of sympathetic function measurement based on SKNA, termed, Time-Varying Skin Nerve Activity (TVSKNA). TVSKNA is calculated in three steps: time-frequency decomposition, reconstruction using selected frequency bands, and smoothing. TVSKNA indices exhibited generally higher Youden's J, balanced accuracy, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, indicating higher sensitivity. The coefficient of variance was lower with TVSKNA indices for most SNS tasks. TVSKNA can serve as a highly sensitive and reliable marker of quantitative assessment of sympathetic function, especially during emotion and stress., Comment: Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing for publication consideration
Published: 2024

15. Jet Archaeology and Forecasting: Image Variability and Magnetic Field Configuration

Author: Tsunetoe, Yuh, Narayan, Ramesh, and Ricarte, Angelo
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We investigate how magnetic field variations around accreting black holes on event horizon scales affect the morphology of magnetically-driven jet on larger scales. By performing radiative transfer calculations on general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics simulations, we find that temporal variation in the magnetic flux on the event horizon and the jet power are imprinted on the variability of jet width up to several hundred gravitational radii. When the magnetic flux around the black hole drops and then rises, the jet initially narrows or becomes truncated, then widens, creating a thin-thick pattern that propagates down the jet. This suggests that extended jet observations can provide a history record of horizon-scale magnetic field dynamics, and conversely, upcoming changes in the jet image can be predicted from direct observation of the magnetized accreting plasma near the black hole. Furthermore, the pattern of jet width variations shows acceleration up to the relativistic regime as it moves away from the black hole, aligning with plasma bulk motion. We also find in time-averaged images that both the bulk plasma motion and magnetic field configuration in the jet-launching region, which are sensitive to black hole spin, shape diverse features through relativistic beaming and aberration. Higher black hole spins result in more poloidal bulk motion and toroidal magnetic fields, leading to more symmetric jet images and linear polarization patterns. These results suggest a new method for testing the magnetically arrested disk model and the Blandford-Znajek process, and for determining the black hole spin through observations bridging horizon and jet-launching scales., Comment: 19 pages, 16 figures, submitted to ApJ, movie available at https://youtu.be/FwiKspIXjZk
Published: 2024

16. Virtual Localisation Formula for $ SL_{\eta} $-Oriented Theories

Author: D'Angelo, Alessandro
Subjects: Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry, Mathematics - Algebraic Topology
Abstract: In this paper, we extend the Virtual Localization Formula of Levine to a wide class of motivic ring spectra, obtaining in particular a localization formula for virtual fundamental classes in Witt theory $ \mathrm{KW} $. Applying standard tools of $\mathbb A^1$-intersection theory to any $ SL_{\eta} $-oriented spectra $ \mathrm A $, we obtain an additive presentation of $ \mathrm A(BN) $, for $ N $ the normaliser of the torus in $ SL_2 $. Then we establish an equivariant Atiyah-Bott localization theorem for $ \mathrm A_N^{\mathrm{BM}}(X) $ and we conclude with the $N$-equivariant virtual localisation formula. Of independent interest, we also describe the ring structure of $ \mathrm{KW}(BN) $., Comment: This is part of the author's PhD thesis. Comments are very welcome
Published: 2024

17. KW-Euler Classes via Twisted Symplectic Bundles

Author: D'Angelo, Alessandro
Subjects: Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry, Mathematics - Algebraic Topology, Mathematics - K-Theory and Homology
Abstract: In this paper we are going to compute the $ \mathrm{KW} $-Euler classes for rank 2 vector bundles on the classifying stack $ \mathcal{B}N $, where $N$ is the normaliser of the standard torus in $SL_2$ and $\mathrm{KW}$ represents Balmer's derived Witt groups. Using these computations we will recover, through a new and different strategy, the formulas previously obtained by Levine in Witt-sheaf cohomology. In order to obtain our results, we will prove K\"unneth formulas for products of $GL_n$'s and $SL_n$'s classifying spaces and we will develop from scratch the basic theory of twisted symplectic bundles with their associated twisted Borel classes in $SL$-oriented theories.
Published: 2024

18. Magnetic interaction of stellar coronal mass ejections with close-in exoplanets: implication on planetary mass loss and Ly-$\alpha$ transits

Author: Hazra, Gopal, Vidotto, Aline A., Carolan, Stephen, D'Angelo, Carolina Villarreal, and Fionnagáin, Dúalta Ó
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) erupting from the host star are expected to have effects on the atmospheric erosion processes of the orbiting planets. For planets with a magnetosphere, the embedded magnetic field in the CMEs is thought to be the most important parameter to affect planetary mass loss. In this work, we investigate the effect of different magnetic field structures of stellar CMEs on the atmosphere of a hot Jupiter with a dipolar magnetosphere. We use a time-dependent 3D radiative magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) atmospheric escape model that self-consistently models the outflow from hot Jupiters magnetosphere and its interaction with stellar CMEs. For our study, we consider three configurations of magnetic field embedded in stellar CMEs -- (a) northward $B_z$ component, (b) southward $B_z$ component, and (c) radial component. {We find that both the CMEs with northward $B_z$ component and southward $B_z$ component increase the planetary mass-loss rate when the CME arrives from the stellar side, with the mass-loss rate remaining higher for the CME with northward $B_z$ component until it arrives at the opposite side.} The largest magnetopause is found for the CME with a southward $B_z$ component when the dipole and the CME magnetic field have the same direction. We also find that during the passage of a CME, the planetary magnetosphere goes through three distinct changes - (1) compressed magnetosphere, (2) enlarged magnetosphere, and (3) relaxed magnetosphere for all three considered CME configurations. We compute synthetic Ly-$\alpha$ transits at different times during the passage of the CMEs. The synthetic Ly-$\alpha$ transit absorption generally increases when the CME is in interaction with the planet for all three magnetic configurations. The maximum Ly-$\alpha$ absorption is found for the radial CME case when the magnetosphere is the most compressed., Comment: 15 pages, 12 figures, to appear in MNRAS, comments are welcome
Published: 2024

19. Exploring Topological Boundary Effects through Quantum Trajectories in Dissipative SSH Models

Author: Salatino, Giulia, Passarelli, Gianluca, Russomanno, Angelo, Santoro, Giuseppe E., Lucignano, Procolo, and Fazio, Rosario
Subjects: Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract: We investigate the topological properties of the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model under dissipative dynamics using the quantum trajectory approach. Our study explores the preservation or breakdown of topological edge states, particularly focusing on the effects of symmetry-preserving and symmetry-breaking dissipations. We employ the Disconnected Entanglement Entropy (DEE) as a marker for detecting topological phases in the system, which is subjected to Lindblad dynamics. The analysis reveals that, while dissipation in the bulk minimally affects the system's topological features, dissipation at the boundary leads to the destabilization of the edge modes, independently of the symmetry properties of the dissipation., Comment: 22 pages, 12 figures
Published: 2024

20. Sign changes on $\sum \frac{f(n)}{\sqrt{n}}$ for random completely multiplicative $f$

Author: Angelo, Rodrigo
Subjects: Mathematics - Number Theory, Mathematics - Probability
Abstract: If $f: \mathbb{N} \rightarrow \{\pm1\}$ is a sample of the random completely multiplicative function, we show that almost surely $\sum_{n \le x} \frac{f(n)}{\sqrt{n}}$ changes signs infinitely many times, answering a question of Aymone.
Published: 2024

21. EAP4EMSIG -- Experiment Automation Pipeline for Event-Driven Microscopy to Smart Microfluidic Single-Cells Analysis

Author: Friederich, Nils, Sitcheu, Angelo Jovin Yamachui, Nassal, Annika, Pesch, Matthias, Yildiz, Erenus, Beichter, Maximilian, Scholtes, Lukas, Akbaba, Bahar, Lautenschlager, Thomas, Neumann, Oliver, Kohlheyer, Dietrich, Scharr, Hanno, Seiffarth, Johannes, Nöh, Katharina, and Mikut, Ralf
Subjects: Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing
Abstract: Microfluidic Live-Cell Imaging (MLCI) generates high-quality data that allows biotechnologists to study cellular growth dynamics in detail. However, obtaining these continuous data over extended periods is challenging, particularly in achieving accurate and consistent real-time event classification at the intersection of imaging and stochastic biology. To address this issue, we introduce the Experiment Automation Pipeline for Event-Driven Microscopy to Smart Microfluidic Single-Cells Analysis (EAP4EMSIG). In particular, we present initial zero-shot results from the real-time segmentation module of our approach. Our findings indicate that among four State-Of-The- Art (SOTA) segmentation methods evaluated, Omnipose delivers the highest Panoptic Quality (PQ) score of 0.9336, while Contour Proposal Network (CPN) achieves the fastest inference time of 185 ms with the second-highest PQ score of 0.8575. Furthermore, we observed that the vision foundation model Segment Anything is unsuitable for this particular use case., Comment: Proceedings - 34. Workshop Computational Intelligence
Published: 2024

22. MuCol Milestone Report No. 5: Preliminary Parameters

Author: Accettura, Carlotta, Adrian, Simon, Agarwal, Rohit, Ahdida, Claudia, Aimé, Chiara, Aksoy, Avni, Alberghi, Gian Luigi, Alden, Siobhan, Alfonso, Luca, Amapane, Nicola, Amorim, David, Andreetto, Paolo, Anulli, Fabio, Appleby, Rob, Apresyan, Artur, Asadi, Pouya, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Auchmann, Bernhard, Back, John, Badea, Anthony, Bae, Kyu Jung, Bahng, E. J., Balconi, Lorenzo, Balli, Fabrice, Bandiera, Laura, Barbagallo, Carmelo, Barlow, Roger, Bartoli, Camilla, Bartosik, Nazar, Barzi, Emanuela, Batsch, Fabian, Bauce, Matteo, Begel, Michael, Berg, J. Scott, Bersani, Andrea, Bertarelli, Alessandro, Bertinelli, Francesco, Bertolin, Alessandro, Bhat, Pushpalatha, Bianchi, Clarissa, Bianco, Michele, Bishop, William, Black, Kevin, Boattini, Fulvio, Bogacz, Alex, Bonesini, Maurizio, Bordini, Bernardo, de Sousa, Patricia Borges, Bottaro, Salvatore, Bottura, Luca, Boyd, Steven, Breschi, Marco, Broggi, Francesco, Brunoldi, Matteo, Buffat, Xavier, Buonincontri, Laura, Burrows, Philip Nicholas, Burt, Graeme Campbell, Buttazzo, Dario, Caiffi, Barbara, Calatroni, Sergio, Calviani, Marco, Calzaferri, Simone, Calzolari, Daniele, Cantone, Claudio, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Carli, Christian, Carrelli, Carlo, Casaburo, Fausto, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Cavallucci, Lorenzo, Cavoto, Gianluca, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Celona, Luigi, Cemmi, Alessia, Ceravolo, Sergio, Cerri, Alessandro, Cerutti, Francesco, Cesarini, Gianmario, Cesarotti, Cari, Chancé, Antoine, Charitonidis, Nikolaos, Chiesa, Mauro, Chiggiato, Paolo, Ciccarella, Vittoria Ludovica, Puviani, Pietro Cioli, Colaleo, Anna, Colao, Francesco, Collamati, Francesco, Costa, Marco, Craig, Nathaniel, Curtin, David, Damerau, Heiko, Da Molin, Giacomo, D'Angelo, Laura, Dasu, Sridhara, de Blas, Jorge, De Curtis, Stefania, De Gersem, Herbert, Delahaye, Jean-Pierre, Del Moro, Tommaso, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Dermisek, Radovan, Valdor, Paula Desiré, Desponds, Charlotte, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Meco, Elisa, Diociaiuti, Eleonora, Di Petrillo, Karri Folan, Di Sarcina, Ilaria, Dorigo, Tommaso, Dreimanis, Karlis, Pree, Tristan du, Yildiz, Hatice Duran, Edgecock, Thomas, Fabbri, Siara, Fabbrichesi, Marco, Farinon, Stefania, Ferrand, Guillaume, Somoza, Jose Antonio Ferreira, Fieg, Max, Filthaut, Frank, Fox, Patrick, Franceschini, Roberto, Ximenes, Rui Franqueira, Gallinaro, Michele, Garcia-Sciveres, Maurice, Garcia-Tabares, Luis, Gargiulo, Ruben, Garion, Cedric, Garzelli, Maria Vittoria, Gast, Marco, Generoso, Lisa, Gerber, Cecilia E., Giambastiani, Luca, Gianelle, Alessio, Gianfelice-Wendt, Eliana, Gibson, Stephen, Gilardoni, Simone, Giove, Dario Augusto, Giovinco, Valentina, Giraldin, Carlo, Glioti, Alfredo, Gorzawski, Arkadiusz, Greco, Mario, Grojean, Christophe, Grudiev, Alexej, Gschwendtner, Edda, Gueli, Emanuele, Guilhaudin, Nicolas, Han, Chengcheng, Han, Tao, Hauptman, John Michael, Herndon, Matthew, Hillier, Adrian D, Hillman, Micah, Holmes, Tova Ray, Homiller, Samuel, Jana, Sudip, Jindariani, Sergo, Johannesson, Sofia, Johnson, Benjamin, Jones, Owain Rhodri, Jurj, Paul-Bogdan, Kahn, Yonatan, Kamath, Rohan, Kario, Anna, Karpov, Ivan, Kelliher, David, Kilian, Wolfgang, Kitano, Ryuichiro, Kling, Felix, Kolehmainen, Antti, Kong, K. C., Kosse, Jaap, Krintiras, Georgios, Krizka, Karol, Kumar, Nilanjana, Kvikne, Erik, Kyle, Robert, Laface, Emanuele, Lane, Kenneth, Latina, Andrea, Lechner, Anton, Lee, Junghyun, Lee, Lawrence, Lee, Seh Wook, Lefevre, Thibaut, Leonardi, Emanuele, Lerner, Giuseppe, Li, Peiran, Li, Qiang, Li, Tong, Li, Wei, Lindroos, Mats, Lipton, Ronald, Liu, Da, Liu, Miaoyuan, Liu, Zhen, Voti, Roberto Li, Lombardi, Alessandra, Lomte, Shivani, Long, Kenneth, Longo, Luigi, Lorenzo, José, Losito, Roberto, Low, Ian, Lu, Xianguo, Lucchesi, Donatella, Luo, Tianhuan, Lupato, Anna, Ma, Yang, Machida, Shinji, Madlener, Thomas, Magaletti, Lorenzo, Maggi, Marcello, Durand, Helene Mainaud, Maltoni, Fabio, Manczak, Jerzy Mikolaj, Mandurrino, Marco, Marchand, Claude, Mariani, Francesco, Marin, Stefano, Mariotto, Samuele, Martin-Haugh, Stewart, Masullo, Maria Rosaria, Mauro, Giorgio Sebastiano, Mazzolari, Andrea, Mękała, Krzysztof, Mele, Barbara, Meloni, Federico, Meng, Xiangwei, Mentink, Matthias, Métral, Elias, Miceli, Rebecca, Milas, Natalia, Mohammadi, Abdollah, Moll, Dominik, Montella, Alessandro, Morandin, Mauro, Morrone, Marco, Mulder, Tim, Musenich, Riccardo, Nardecchia, Marco, Nardi, Federico, Nenna, Felice, Neuffer, David, Newbold, David, Novelli, Daniel, Olvegård, Maja, Onel, Yasar, Orestano, Domizia, Osborne, John, Otten, Simon, Torres, Yohan Mauricio Oviedo, Paesani, Daniele, Griso, Simone Pagan, Pagani, Davide, Pal, Kincso, Palmer, Mark, Pampaloni, Alessandra, Panci, Paolo, Pani, Priscilla, Papaphilippou, Yannis, Paparella, Rocco, Paradisi, Paride, Passeri, Antonio, Pasternak, Jaroslaw, Pastrone, Nadia, Pellecchia, Antonello, Piccinini, Fulvio, Piekarz, Henryk, Pieloni, Tatiana, Plouin, Juliette, Portone, Alfredo, Potamianos, Karolos, Potdevin, Joséphine, Prestemon, Soren, Puig, Teresa, Qiang, Ji, Quettier, Lionel, Rabemananjara, Tanjona Radonirina, Radicioni, Emilio, Radogna, Raffaella, Rago, Ilaria Carmela, Ratkus, Andris, Resseguie, Elodie, Reuter, Juergen, Ribani, Pier Luigi, Riccardi, Cristina, Ricciardi, Stefania, Robens, Tania, Robert, Youri, Rogers, Chris, Rojo, Juan, Romagnoni, Marco, Ronald, Kevin, Rosser, Benjamin, Rossi, Carlo, Rossi, Lucio, Rozanov, Leo, Ruhdorfer, Maximilian, Ruiz, Richard, Saini, Saurabh, Sala, Filippo, Salierno, Claudia, Salmi, Tiina, Salvini, Paola, Salvioni, Ennio, Sammut, Nicholas, Santini, Carlo, Saputi, Alessandro, Sarra, Ivano, Scarantino, Giuseppe, Schneider-Muntau, Hans, Schulte, Daniel, Scifo, Jessica, Sen, Tanaji, Senatore, Carmine, Senol, Abdulkadir, Sertore, Daniele, Sestini, Lorenzo, Rêgo, Ricardo César Silva, Simone, Federica Maria, Skoufaris, Kyriacos, Sorbello, Gino, Sorbi, Massimo, Sorti, Stefano, Soubirou, Lisa, Spataro, David, Queiroz, Farinaldo S., Stamerra, Anna, Stapnes, Steinar, Stark, Giordon, Statera, Marco, Stechauner, Bernd Michael, Su, Shufang, Su, Wei, Sun, Xiaohu, Sytov, Alexei, Tang, Jian, Tang, Jingyu, Taylor, Rebecca, Kate, Herman Ten, Testoni, Pietro, Thiele, Leonard Sebastian, Garcia, Rogelio Tomas, Topp-Mugglestone, Max, Torims, Toms, Torre, Riccardo, Tortora, Luca, Tortora, Ludovico, Trifinopoulos, Sokratis, Udongwo, Sosoho-Abasi, Vai, Ilaria, Valente, Riccardo Umberto, van Rienen, Ursula, Van Weelderen, Rob, Vanwelde, Marion, Velev, Gueorgui, Venditti, Rosamaria, Vendrasco, Adam, Verna, Adriano, Vernassa, Gianluca, Verweij, Arjan, Verwilligen, Piet, Villamizar, Yoxara, Vittorio, Ludovico, Vitulo, Paolo, Vojskovic, Isabella, Wang, Dayong, Wang, Lian-Tao, Wang, Xing, Wendt, Manfred, Widorski, Markus, Wozniak, Mariusz, Wu, Yongcheng, Wulzer, Andrea, Xie, Keping, Yang, Yifeng, Yap, Yee Chinn, Yonehara, Katsuya, Yoo, Hwi Dong, You, Zhengyun, Zanetti, Marco, Zaza, Angela, Zhang, Liang, Zhu, Ruihu, Zlobin, Alexander, Zuliani, Davide, and Zurita, José Francisco
Subjects: Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract: This document is comprised of a collection of updated preliminary parameters for the key parts of the muon collider. The updated preliminary parameters follow on from the October 2023 Tentative Parameters Report. Particular attention has been given to regions of the facility that are believed to hold greater technical uncertainty in their design and that have a strong impact on the cost and power consumption of the facility. The data is collected from a collaborative spreadsheet and transferred to overleaf.
Published: 2024
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23. A Systematic Study on Solving Aerospace Problems Using Metaheuristics

Author: Junior, Carlos Alberto da Silva, Pereira, Marconi de Arruda, and Passaro, Angelo
Subjects: Computer Science - Neural and Evolutionary Computing, Mathematics - Optimization and Control
Abstract: Complex engineering problems can be modelled as optimisation problems. For instance, optimising engines, materials, components, structure, aerodynamics, navigation, control, logistics, and planning is essential in aerospace. Metaheuristics are applied to solve these optimisation problems. The present paper presents a systematic study on applying metaheuristics in aerospace based on the literature. Relevant scientific repositories were consulted, and a structured methodology was used to filter the papers. Articles published until March 2022 associating metaheuristics and aerospace applications were selected. The most used algorithms and the most relevant hybridizations were identified. This work also analyses the main types of problems addressed in the aerospace context and which classes of algorithms are most used in each problem.
Published: 2024

24. Is Multiple Object Tracking a Matter of Specialization?

Author: Mancusi, Gianluca, Bernardi, Mattia, Panariello, Aniello, Porrello, Angelo, Cucchiara, Rita, and Calderara, Simone
Subjects: Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract: End-to-end transformer-based trackers have achieved remarkable performance on most human-related datasets. However, training these trackers in heterogeneous scenarios poses significant challenges, including negative interference - where the model learns conflicting scene-specific parameters - and limited domain generalization, which often necessitates expensive fine-tuning to adapt the models to new domains. In response to these challenges, we introduce Parameter-efficient Scenario-specific Tracking Architecture (PASTA), a novel framework that combines Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) and Modular Deep Learning (MDL). Specifically, we define key scenario attributes (e.g, camera-viewpoint, lighting condition) and train specialized PEFT modules for each attribute. These expert modules are combined in parameter space, enabling systematic generalization to new domains without increasing inference time. Extensive experiments on MOTSynth, along with zero-shot evaluations on MOT17 and PersonPath22 demonstrate that a neural tracker built from carefully selected modules surpasses its monolithic counterpart. We release models and code., Comment: NeurIPS 2024
Published: 2024

25. Ultra-Slow-Roll Inflation on the Lattice: Backreaction and Nonlinear Effects

Author: Caravano, Angelo, Franciolini, Gabriele, and Renaux-Petel, Sébastien
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract: Violating the slow-roll regime during the final stages of inflation can significantly enhance curvature perturbations, a scenario often invoked in models producing primordial black holes and small-scale scalar induced gravitational waves. When perturbations are enhanced, one approaches the regime in which tree-level computations are insufficient, and nonlinear corrections may become relevant. In this work, we conduct lattice simulations of ultra-slow-roll (USR) dynamics to investigate the significance of nonlinear effects, both in terms of backreaction on the background and in the evolution of perturbations. Our systematic study of various USR potentials reveals that nonlinear corrections are significant when the tree-level curvature power spectrum peaks at $\mathcal{P}^{\rm max}_{\zeta} = {\cal O}(10^{-3})-{\cal O}(10^{-2})$, with 5\%$-$10\% corrections. Larger enhancements yield even greater differences. We find a simple universal relation between simulation and tree-level quantities $\dot\phi = \dot\phi_{\rm tree}\left(1+\sqrt{\mathcal{P}^{\rm max}_{\zeta,\rm tree}}\right)$ at the end of the USR phase, which is valid in all cases we consider. Additionally, we explore how nonlinear interactions during the USR phase affect the clustering and non-Gaussianity of scalar fluctuations, crucial for understanding the phenomenological consequences of USR, such as scalar-induced gravitational waves and primordial black holes. Our findings demonstrate the necessity of going beyond leading order perturbation theory results, through higher-order or non-perturbative computations, to make robust predictions for inflation models exhibiting a USR phase., Comment: 17 pages, 11 figures; animations are available at https://github.com/caravangelo/USR-on-the-lattice; minor modifications matching the version submitted to journal
Published: 2024

26. Synthesis of Timeline-Based Planning Strategies Avoiding Determinization

Author: Acampora, Renato, Della Monica, Dario, Geatti, Luca, Gigante, Nicola, Montanari, Angelo, and Sala, Pietro
Subjects: Computer Science - Formal Languages and Automata Theory, Computer Science - Computational Complexity
Abstract: Qualitative timeline-based planning models domains as sets of independent, but interacting, components whose behaviors over time, the timelines, are governed by sets of qualitative temporal constraints (ordering relations), called synchronization rules. Its plan-existence problem has been shown to be PSPACE-complete; in particular, PSPACE-membership has been proved via reduction to the nonemptiness problem for nondeterministic finite automata. However, nondeterministic automata cannot be directly used to synthesize planning strategies as a costly determinization step is needed. In this paper, we identify a large fragment of qualitative timeline-based planning whose plan-existence problem can be directly mapped into the nonemptiness problem of deterministic finite automata, which can then be exploited to synthesize strategies. In addition, we identify a maximal subset of Allen's relations that fits into such a deterministic fragment., Comment: In Proceedings GandALF 2024, arXiv:2410.21884
Published: 2024
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27. Non-Hermitian Discrete Time Crystals

Author: Yousefjani, Rozhin, Carollo, Angelo, Sacha, Krzysztof, Al-Kuwari, Saif, and Bayat, Abolfazl
Subjects: Quantum Physics
Abstract: Discrete time crystals (DTC) exhibit a special non-equilibrium phase of matter in periodically driven many-body systems with spontaneous breaking of time translational symmetry. The presence of decoherence generally enhances thermalization and destroys the coherence required for the existence of DTC. In this letter, we devise a mechanism for establishing a stable DTC with period-doubling oscillations in an open quantum system that is governed by a properly tailored non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. We find a specific class of non-reciprocal couplings in our non-Hermitian dynamics which prevents thermalization through eigenstate ordering. Such choice of non-Hermitian dynamics, significantly enhances the stability of the DTC against imperfect pulses. Through a comprehensive analysis, we determine the phase diagram of the system in terms of pulse imperfection., Comment: Comments are welcome!
Published: 2024

28. High-level hybridization of heuristics and metaheuristics to solve symmetric TSP: a comparative study

Author: Junior, Carlos Alberto da Silva, Tanaka, Roberto Yuji, da Silva, Luiz Carlos Farias, and Passaro, Angelo
Subjects: Computer Science - Neural and Evolutionary Computing, Computer Science - Discrete Mathematics, Mathematics - Optimization and Control
Abstract: The Travelling Salesman Problem - TSP is one of the most explored problems in the scientific literature to solve real problems regarding the economy, transportation, and logistics, to cite a few cases. Adapting TSP to solve different problems has originated several variants of the optimization problem with more complex objectives and different restrictions. Metaheuristics have been used to solve the problem in polynomial time. Several studies have tried hybridising metaheuristics with specialised heuristics to improve the quality of the solutions. However, we have found no study to evaluate whether the searching mechanism of a particular metaheuristic is more adequate for exploring hybridization. This paper focuses on the solution of the classical TSP using high-level hybridisations, experimenting with eight metaheuristics and heuristics derived from k-OPT, SISR, and segment intersection search, resulting in twenty-four combinations. Some combinations allow more than one set of searching parameters. Problems with 50 to 280 cities are solved. Parameter tuning of the metaheuristics is not carried out, exploiting the different searching patterns of the eight metaheuristics instead. The solutions' quality is compared to those presented in the literature.
Published: 2024

29. A Two-Week $IXPE$ Monitoring Campaign on Mrk 421

Author: Maksym, W. Peter, Liodakis, Ioannis, Saade, M. Lynne, Kim, Dawoon E., Middei, Riccardo, Di Gesu, Laura, Kiehlmann, Sebastian, Matzeu, Gabriele, Agudo, Iván, Marscher, Alan P., Ehlert, Steven R., Jorstad, Svetlana G., Kaaret, Philip, Marshall, Herman L., Pacciani, Luigi, Perri, Matteo, Puccetti, Simonetta, Kouch, Pouya M., Lindfors, Elina, Aceituno, Francisco José, Bonnoli, Giacomo, Casanova, Víctor, Escudero, Juan, Agís-González, Beatriz, Husillos, César, Morcuende, Daniel, Otero-Santos, Jorge, Sota, Alfredo, Piirola, Vilppu, Imazawa, Ryo, Sasada, Mahito, Fukazawa, Yasushi, Kawabata, Koji S., Uemura, Makoto, Mizuno, Tsunefumi, Nakaoka, Tatsuya, Akitaya, Hiroshi, McCall, Callum, Jermak, Helen E., Steele, Iain A., Borman, George A., Grishina, Tatiana S., Hagen-Thorn, Vladimir A., Kopatskaya, Evgenia N., Larionova, Elena G., Morozova, Daria A., Savchenko, Sergey S., Shishkina, Ekaterina V., Troitskiy, Ivan S., Troitskaya, Yulia V., Vasilyev, Andrey A., Zhovtan, Alexey V., Myserlis, Ioannis, Gurwell, Mark, Keating, Garrett, Rao, Ramprasad, Pauley, Colt, Angelakis, Emmanouil, Kraus, Alexander, Berdyugin, Andrei V., Kagitani, Masato, Kravtsov, Vadim, Poutanen, Juri, Sakanoi, Takeshi, Kang, Sincheol, Lee, Sang-Sung, Kim, Sang-Hyun, Cheong, Whee Yeon, Jeong, Hyeon-Woo, Song, Chanwoo, Blinov, Dmitry, Shablovinskaya, Elena, Antonelli, Lucio Angelo, Bachetti, Matteo, Baldini, Luca, Baumgartner, Wayne H., Bellazzini, Ronaldo, Bianchi, Stefano, Bongiorno, Stephen D., Bonino, Raffaella, Brez, Alessandro, Bucciantini, Niccoló, Capitanio, Fiamma, Castellano, Simone, Cavazzuti, Elisabetta, Chen, Chien-Ting, Ciprini, Stefano, Costa, Enrico, De Rosa, Alessandra, Del Monte, Ettore, Di Lalla, Niccoló, Di Marco, Alessandro, Donnarumma, Immacolata, Doroshenko, Victor, Dovčiak, Michal, Enoto, Teruaki, Evangelista, Yuri, Fabiani, Sergio, Ferrazzoli, Riccardo, Garcia, Javier A., Gunji, Shuichi, Hayashida, Kiyoshi, Heyl, Jeremy, Iwakiri, Wataru, Karas, Vladimir, Kislat, Fabian, Kitaguchi, Takao, Kolodziejczak, Jeffery J., Krawczynski, Henric, La Monaca, Fabio, Latronico, Luca, Maldera, Simone, Manfreda, Alberto, Marin, Frédéric, Marinucci, Andrea, Massaro, Francesco, Matt, Giorgio, Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki, Muleri, Fabio, Negro, Michela, Ng, C. -Y., O'Dell, Stephen L., Omodei, Nicola, Oppedisano, Chiara, Papitto, Alessandro, Pavlov, George G., Peirson, Abel Lawrence, Pesce-Rollins, Melissa, Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier, Pilia, Maura, Possenti, Andrea, Ramsey, Brian D., Rankin, John, Ratheesh, Ajay, Roberts, Oliver J., Romani, Roger W., Sgró, Carmelo, Slane, Patrick, Soffitta, Paolo, Spandre, Gloria, Swartz, Douglas A., Tamagawa, Toru, Tavecchio, Fabrizio, Taverna, Roberto, Tawara, Yuzuru, Tennant, Allyn F., Thomas, Nicholas E., Tombesi, Francesco, Trois, Alessio, Tsygankov, Sergey S., Turolla, Roberto, Vink, Jacco, Weisskopf, Martin C., Wu, Kinwah, Xie, Fei, and Zane, Silvia
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: X-ray polarization is a unique new probe of the particle acceleration in astrophysical jets made possible through the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer. Here we report on the first dense X-ray polarization monitoring campaign on the blazar Mrk 421. Our observations were accompanied by an even denser radio and optical polarization campaign. We find significant short-timescale variability in both X-ray polarization degree and angle, including a $\sim90^\circ$ angle rotation about the jet axis. We attribute this to random variations of the magnetic field, consistent with the presence of turbulence but also unlikely to be explained by turbulence alone. At the same time, the degree of lower-energy polarization is significantly lower and shows no more than mild variability. Our campaign provides further evidence for a scenario in which energy-stratified shock-acceleration of relativistic electrons, combined with a turbulent magnetic field, is responsible for optical to X-ray synchrotron emission in blazar jets., Comment: 23 pages, including 8 pages of appendices. 12 figures, 3 tables. Submitted to ApJ
Published: 2024

30. From an attention economy to an ecology of attending. A manifesto

Author: Bombaerts, Gunter, Hannes, Tom, Adam, Martin, Aloisi, Alessandra, Anderson, Joel, Berger, Lawrence, Bettera, Stefano Davide, Campo, Enrico, Candiotto, Laura, Panizza, Silvia Caprioglio, Citton, Yves, DâAngelo, Diego, Dennis, Matthew, Depraz, Nathalie, Doran, Peter, Drechsler, Wolfgang, Duane, Bill, Edelglass, William, Eisenberger, Iris, McGuire, Beverley Foulks, Fredriksson, Antony, Gill, Karamjit S., Hershock, Peter D., Hongladarom, Soraj, Jacobs, Beth, Karsai, Gábor, Lennerfors, Thomas, Lim, Jeanne, Lin, Chien-Te, Losoncz, Mark, Loy, David, Marin, Lavinia, Marosán, Bence Péter, Mascarello, Chiara, McMahan, David, Park, Jin Y., Petek, Nina, Puzio, Anna, Schaubroek, Katrien, Schlieter, Jens, Schroeder, Brian, Shakya, Shobhit, Shi, Juewei, Solomonova, Elizaveta, Tormen, Francesco, Uttam, Jitendra, Van Vugt, Marieke, Vörös, Sebastjan, Wehrle, Maren, Wellner, Galit, Wirth, Jason M., Witkowski, Olaf, Wongkitrungrueng, Apiradee, Wright, Dale S., and Zheng, Yutong
Subjects: Computer Science - Computers and Society
Abstract: As the signatories of this manifesto, we denounce the attention economy as inhumane and a threat to our sociopolitical and ecological well-being. We endorse policymakers' efforts to address the negative consequences of the attention economy's technology, but add that these approaches are often limited in their criticism of the systemic context of human attention. Starting from Buddhist philosophy, we advocate a broader approach: an ecology of attending, that centers on conceptualizing, designing, and using attention (1) in an embedded way and (2) focused on the alleviating of suffering. With 'embedded' we mean that attention is not a neutral, isolated mechanism but a meaning-engendering part of an 'ecology' of bodily, sociotechnical and moral frameworks. With 'focused on the alleviation of suffering' we explicitly move away from the (often implicit) conception of attention as a tool for gratifying desires., Comment: 21 pages, 1 figure
Published: 2024

31. Weak Bending of Light by Rotating Regular Black Holes with Asymptotically Minkowski Core using the Gauss-Bonnet Theorem

Author: Sodejana, Miles Angelo P.
Subjects: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract: In this paper, the weak gravitational lensing phenomenon for a recently proposed rotating regular black hole with an asymptotically Minkowski core characterized by a sub-Planckian curvature was investigated. Using the Gauss-Bonnet Theorem, the deflection of light in the weak limit was computed by taking the black hole as a lens at a finite distance from both the source and the observer. It was shown that the weak deflection angle slightly differs between the prograde and retrograde motion but both eventually converge to $0$ as $b$ increases. Moreover, the deflection angle correction for Kerr classical black hole and this sort of rotating regular black hole is a decreasing function for large values of $b$. It was also shown that the weak deflection angle for this sort of regular black hole is similar to Bardeen and Hayward black hole given its corresponding values for the parameters $x$ and $n$, Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2024

32. Search for gravitational waves emitted from SN 2023ixf

Author: The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, the KAGRA Collaboration, Abac, A. G., Abbott, R., Abouelfettouh, I., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adhicary, S., Adhikari, N., Adhikari, R. X., Adkins, V. K., Agarwal, D., Agathos, M., Abchouyeh, M. Aghaei, Aguiar, O. D., Aguilar, I., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Akutsu, T., Albanesi, S., Alfaidi, R. A., Al-Jodah, A., Alléné, C., Allocca, A., Al-Shammari, S., Altin, P. A., Alvarez-Lopez, S., Amato, A., Amez-Droz, L., Amorosi, A., Amra, C., Ananyeva, A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Andia, M., Ando, M., Andrade, T., Andres, N., Andrés-Carcasona, M., Andrić, T., Anglin, J., Ansoldi, S., Antelis, J. M., Antier, S., Aoumi, M., Appavuravther, E. Z., Appert, S., Apple, S. K., Arai, K., Araya, A., Araya, M. C., Areeda, J. S., Argianas, L., Aritomi, N., Armato, F., Arnaud, N., Arogeti, M., Aronson, S. M., Ashton, G., Aso, Y., Assiduo, M., Melo, S. Assis de Souza, Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Attadio, F., Aubin, F., AultONeal, K., Avallone, G., Babak, S., Badaracco, F., Badger, C., Bae, S., Bagnasco, S., Bagui, E., Baier, J. G., Baiotti, L., Bajpai, R., Baka, T., Ball, M., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Banagiri, S., Banerjee, B., Bankar, D., Baral, P., Barayoga, J. C., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barneo, P., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Bartoletti, A. M., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Basak, S., Basalaev, A., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Bates, D. E., Bawaj, M., Baxi, P., Bayley, J. C., Baylor, A. C., Baynard II, P. A., Bazzan, M., Bedakihale, V. M., Beirnaert, F., Bejger, M., Belardinelli, D., Bell, A. S., Benedetto, V., Benoit, W., Bentley, J. D., Yaala, M. Ben, Bera, S., Berbel, M., Bergamin, F., Berger, B. K., Bernuzzi, S., Beroiz, M., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, D., Bevins, N., Bhandare, R., Bhardwaj, U., Bhatt, R., Bhattacharjee, D., Bhaumik, S., Bhowmick, S., Bianchi, A., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Binetti, A., Bini, S., Birnholtz, O., Biscoveanu, S., Bisht, A., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. -A., Blackburn, J. K., Blagg, L. A., Blair, C. D., Blair, D. G., Bobba, F., Bode, N., Boileau, G., Boldrini, M., Bolingbroke, G. N., Bolliand, A., Bonavena, L. D., Bondarescu, R., Bondu, F., Bonilla, E., Bonilla, M. S., Bonino, A., Bonnand, R., Booker, P., Borchers, A., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bossilkov, V., Boudart, V., Boudon, A., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braglia, M., Branch, A., Branchesi, M., Brandt, J., Braun, I., Breschi, M., Briant, T., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brockill, P., Brockmueller, E., Brooks, A. F., Brown, B. C., Brown, D. D., Brozzetti, M. L., Brunett, S., Bruno, G., Bruntz, R., Bryant, J., Bucci, F., Buchanan, J., Bulashenko, O., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Burtnyk, K., Buscicchio, R., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Davies, G. S. 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R., Sänger, E. M., Santoliquido, F., Saravanan, T. R., Sarin, N., Sasaoka, S., Sasli, A., Sassi, P., Sassolas, B., Satari, H., Sato, R., Sato, Y., Sauter, O., Savage, R. L., Sawada, T., Sawant, H. L., Sayah, S., Scacco, V., Schaetzl, D., Scheel, M., Schiebelbein, A., Schiworski, M. G., Schmidt, P., Schmidt, S., Schnabel, R., Schneewind, M., Schofield, R. M. S., Schouteden, K., Schulte, B. W., Schutz, B. F., Schwartz, E., Scialpi, M., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Seetharamu, T. C., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Sekiguchi, Y., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sentenac, D., Seo, E. G., Seo, J. W., Sequino, V., Serra, M., Servignat, G., Sevrin, A., Shaffer, T., Shah, U. S., Shaikh, M. A., Shao, L., Sharma, A. K., Sharma, P., Sharma-Chaudhary, S., Shaw, M. R., Shawhan, P., Shcheblanov, N. S., Sheridan, E., Shikano, Y., Shikauchi, M., Shimode, K., Shinkai, H., Shiota, J., Shoemaker, D. H., Shoemaker, D. M., Short, R. W., ShyamSundar, S., Sider, A., Siegel, H., Sieniawska, M., Sigg, D., Silenzi, L., Simmonds, M., Singer, L. P., Singh, A., Singh, D., Singh, M. K., Singh, S., Singha, A., Sintes, A. M., Sipala, V., Skliris, V., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slaven-Blair, T. J., Smetana, J., Smith, J. R., Smith, L., Smith, R. J. E., Smith, W. J., Soldateschi, J., Somiya, K., Song, I., Soni, K., Soni, S., Sordini, V., Sorrentino, F., Sorrentino, N., Sotani, H., Soulard, R., Southgate, A., Spagnuolo, V., Spencer, A. P., Spera, M., Spinicelli, P., Spoon, J. B., Sprague, C. A., Srivastava, A. K., Stachurski, F., Steer, D. A., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Stergioulas, N., Stevens, P., StPierre, M., Stratta, G., Strong, M. D., Strunk, A., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Suchenek, M., Sudhagar, S., Sueltmann, N., Suleiman, L., Sullivan, K. D., Sun, L., Sunil, S., Suresh, J., Sutton, P. J., Suzuki, T., Suzuki, Y., Swinkels, B. L., Syx, A., Szczepańczyk, M. J., Szewczyk, P., Tacca, M., Tagoshi, H., Tait, S. C., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, R., Takamori, A., Takase, T., Takatani, K., Takeda, H., Takeshita, K., Talbot, C., Tamaki, M., Tamanini, N., Tanabe, D., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, S. J., Tanaka, T., Tang, D., Tanioka, S., Tanner, D. B., Tao, L., Tapia, R. D., Martín, E. N. Tapia San, Tarafder, R., Taranto, C., Taruya, A., Tasson, J. D., Teloi, M., Tenorio, R., Themann, H., Theodoropoulos, A., Thirugnanasambandam, M. P., Thomas, L. M., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thompson, J. E., Thondapu, S. R., Thorne, K. A., Thrane, E., Tissino, J., Tiwari, A., Tiwari, P., Tiwari, S., Tiwari, V., Todd, M. R., Toivonen, A. M., Toland, K., Tolley, A. E., Tomaru, T., Tomita, K., Tomura, T., Tong-Yu, C., Toriyama, A., Toropov, N., Torres-Forné, A., Torrie, C. I., Toscani, M., Melo, I. Tosta e, Tournefier, E., Trapananti, A., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trevor, M., Tringali, M. C., Tripathee, A., Troian, G., Troiano, L., Trovato, A., Trozzo, L., Trudeau, R. J., Tsang, T. T. L., Tso, R., Tsuchida, S., Tsukada, L., Tsutsui, T., Turbang, K., Turconi, M., Turski, C., Ubach, H., Uchikata, N., Uchiyama, T., Udall, R. P., Uehara, T., Uematsu, M., Ueno, K., Ueno, S., Undheim, V., Ushiba, T., Vacatello, M., Vahlbruch, H., Vaidya, N., Vajente, G., Vajpeyi, A., Valdes, G., Valencia, J., Valentini, M., Vallejo-Peña, S. A., Vallero, S., Valsan, V., van Bakel, N., van Beuzekom, M., van Dael, M., Brand, J. F. J. van den, Broeck, C. Van Den, Vander-Hyde, D. C., van der Sluys, M., Van de Walle, A., van Dongen, J., Vandra, K., van Haevermaet, H., van Heijningen, J. V., Van Hove, P., VanKeuren, M., Vanosky, J., van Putten, M. H. P. M., van Ranst, Z., van Remortel, N., Vardaro, M., Vargas, A. F., Varghese, J. J., Varma, V., Vasúth, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venikoudis, S., Venneberg, J., Verdier, P., Verkindt, D., Verma, B., Verma, P., Verma, Y., Vermeulen, S. M., Vetrano, F., Veutro, A., Vibhute, A. M., Viceré, A., Vidyant, S., Viets, A. D., Vijaykumar, A., Vilkha, A., Villa-Ortega, V., Vincent, E. T., Vinet, J. -Y., Viret, S., Virtuoso, A., Vitale, S., Vives, A., Vocca, H., Voigt, D., von Reis, E. R. G., von Wrangel, J. S. A., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, L. E., Wade, M., Wagner, K. J., Wajid, A., Walker, M., Wallace, G. S., Wallace, L., Wang, H., Wang, J. Z., Wang, W. H., Wang, Z., Waratkar, G., Warner, J., Was, M., Washimi, T., Washington, N. Y., Watarai, D., Wayt, K. E., Weaver, B. R., Weaver, B., Weaving, C. R., Webster, S. A., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Wellmann, F., Wen, L., Weßels, P., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whiting, B. F., Whittle, C., Wildberger, J. B., Wilk, O. S., Wilken, D., Wilkin, A. T., Willadsen, D. J., Willetts, K., Williams, D., Williams, M. J., Williams, N. S., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Wils, M., Winterflood, J., Wipf, C. C., Woan, G., Woehler, J., Wofford, J. K., Wolfe, N. E., Wong, H. T., Wong, H. W. Y., Wong, I. C. F., Wright, J. L., Wright, M., Wu, C., Wu, D. S., Wu, H., Wuchner, E., Wysocki, D. M., Xu, V. A., Xu, Y., Yadav, N., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, T. S., Yamamoto, T., Yamamura, S., Yamazaki, R., Yan, S., Yan, T., Yang, F. W., Yang, F., Yang, K. Z., Yang, Y., Yarbrough, Z., Yasui, H., Yeh, S. -W., Yelikar, A. B., Yin, X., Yokoyama, J., Yokozawa, T., Yoo, J., Yu, H., Yuan, S., Yuzurihara, H., Zadrożny, A., Zanolin, M., Zeeshan, M., Zelenova, T., Zendri, J. -P., Zeoli, M., Zerrad, M., Zevin, M., Zhang, A. C., Zhang, L., Zhang, R., Zhang, T., Zhang, Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, Yue, Zhao, Yuhang, Zheng, Y., Zhong, H., Zhou, R., Zhu, X. -J., Zhu, Z. -H., Zimmerman, A. B., Zucker, M. E., and Zweizig, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We present the results of a search for gravitational-wave transients associated with core-collapse supernova SN 2023ixf, which was observed in the galaxy Messier 101 via optical emission on 2023 May 19th, during the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA 15th Engineering Run. We define a five-day on-source window during which an accompanying gravitational-wave signal may have occurred. No gravitational waves have been identified in data when at least two gravitational-wave observatories were operating, which covered $\sim 14\%$ of this five-day window. We report the search detection efficiency for various possible gravitational-wave emission models. Considering the distance to M101 (6.7 Mpc), we derive constraints on the gravitational-wave emission mechanism of core-collapse supernovae across a broad frequency spectrum, ranging from 50 Hz to 2 kHz where we assume the GW emission occurred when coincident data are available in the on-source window. Considering an ellipsoid model for a rotating proto-neutron star, our search is sensitive to gravitational-wave energy $1 \times 10^{-5} M_{\odot} c^2$ and luminosity $4 \times 10^{-5} M_{\odot} c^2/\text{s}$ for a source emitting at 50 Hz. These constraints are around an order of magnitude more stringent than those obtained so far with gravitational-wave data. The constraint on the ellipticity of the proto-neutron star that is formed is as low as $1.04$, at frequencies above $1200$ Hz, surpassing results from SN 2019ejj., Comment: Main paper: 6 pages, 4 figures and 1 table. Total with appendices: 20 pages, 4 figures, and 1 table
Published: 2024

33. Integrating Reinforcement Learning with Foundation Models for Autonomous Robotics: Methods and Perspectives

Author: Moroncelli, Angelo, Soni, Vishal, Shahid, Asad Ali, Maccarini, Marco, Forgione, Marco, Piga, Dario, Spahiu, Blerina, and Roveda, Loris
Subjects: Computer Science - Robotics, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract: Foundation models (FMs), large deep learning models pre-trained on vast, unlabeled datasets, exhibit powerful capabilities in understanding complex patterns and generating sophisticated outputs. However, they often struggle to adapt to specific tasks. Reinforcement learning (RL), which allows agents to learn through interaction and feedback, offers a compelling solution. Integrating RL with FMs enables these models to achieve desired outcomes and excel at particular tasks. Additionally, RL can be enhanced by leveraging the reasoning and generalization capabilities of FMs. This synergy is revolutionizing various fields, including robotics. FMs, rich in knowledge and generalization, provide robots with valuable information, while RL facilitates learning and adaptation through real-world interactions. This survey paper comprehensively explores this exciting intersection, examining how these paradigms can be integrated to advance robotic intelligence. We analyze the use of foundation models as action planners, the development of robotics-specific foundation models, and the mutual benefits of combining FMs with RL. Furthermore, we present a taxonomy of integration approaches, including large language models, vision-language models, diffusion models, and transformer-based RL models. We also explore how RL can utilize world representations learned from FMs to enhance robotic task execution. Our survey aims to synthesize current research and highlight key challenges in robotic reasoning and control, particularly in the context of integrating FMs and RL--two rapidly evolving technologies. By doing so, we seek to spark future research and emphasize critical areas that require further investigation to enhance robotics. We provide an updated collection of papers based on our taxonomy, accessible on our open-source project website at: https://github.com/clmoro/Robotics-RL-FMs-Integration., Comment: Submitted for publication to the Special Issue on Foundation Models and Neural-Symbolic AI for Robotics in The International Journal of Robotics Research (IJRR)
Published: 2024

34. Effects of graph operations on star pairwise compatibility graphs

Author: Monti, Angelo and Sinaimeri, Blerina
Subjects: Computer Science - Discrete Mathematics, Mathematics - Combinatorics
Abstract: A graph $G=(V,E)$ is defined as a star-$k$-PCG when it is possible to assign a positive real number weight $w$ to each vertex $V$, and define $k$ distinct intervals $I_1, I_2, \ldots I_k$, in such a way that there is an edge $uv$ in $E$ if and only if the sum of the weights of vertices $u$ and $v$ falls within the union of these intervals. The star-$k$-PCG class is connected to two significant categories of graphs, namely PCGs and multithreshold graphs. The star number of a graph $G$, is the smallest $k$ for which $G$ is a star-$k$-PCG. In this paper, we study the effects of various graph operations, such as the addition of twins, pendant vertices, universal vertices, or isolated vertices, on the star number of the graph resulting from these operations. As a direct application of our results, we determine the star number of lobster graphs and provide an upper bound for the star number of acyclic graphs.
Published: 2024

35. Conceptual and practical approaches for investigating irreversible processes

Author: Lucente, Dario, Baldovin, Marco, Cecconi, Fabio, Cencini, Massimo, Cocciaglia, Niccolò, Puglisi, Andrea, Viale, Massimiliano, and Vulpiani, Angelo
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract: Current research in statistical mechanics mostly concerns the investigation of out-of-equilibrium, irreversible processes, which are ubiquitous in nature and still far from being theoretically understood. Even the precise characterization of irreversibility is the object of an open debate: while in the context of Hamiltonian systems the one-century-old proposal by M. Smoluchowski looks still valid (a process appears irreversible when the initial state has a recurrence time that is long compared to the time of observation [1]), in dissipative systems, particularly in the case of stochastic processes, the problem is more involved, and quantifying the "degree of irreversibility" is a pragmatic need. The most employed strategies rely on the estimation of entropy production: this quantity, although mathematically well-defined, is often difficult to compute, especially when analyzing experimental data. Moreover, being a global observable, entropy production fails to capture specific aspects of irreversibility in extended systems, such as the role of different currents and their spatial development. This review aims to address various conceptual and technical challenges encountered in the analysis of irreversibility, including the role of the coarse-graining procedure and the treatment of data in the absence of complete information. The discussion will be mostly based on simple models, analytically treatable, and supplemented by examples of complex, more realistic non-equilibrium systems., Comment: 79 pages, 19 figures
Published: 2024

36. Undecidability of the spectral gap in rotationally symmetric Hamiltonians

Author: Castilla-Castellano, Laura and Lucia, Angelo
Subjects: Quantum Physics
Abstract: The problem of determining the existence of a spectral gap in a lattice quantum spin system was previously shown to be undecidable for one [J. Bausch et al., "Undecidability of the spectral gap in one dimension", Physical Review X 10 (2020)] or more dimensions [T. S. Cubitt et al., "Undecidability of the spectral gap", Nature 528 (2015)]. In these works, families of nearest-neighbor interactions are constructed whose spectral gap depends on the outcome of a Turing machine Halting problem, therefore making it impossible for an algorithm to predict its existence. While these models are translationally invariant, they are not invariant under the other symmetries of the lattice, a property which is commonly found in physically relevant cases, posing the question of whether the spectral gap is still an undecidable problem for Hamiltonians with stronger symmetry constraints. We give a positive answer to this question, in the case of models with 4-body (plaquette) interactions on the square lattice satisfying rotation, but not reflection, symmetry: rotational symmetry is not enough to make the problem decidable., Comment: 42 pages, 12 figures, 11 tables
Published: 2024

37. A Proposal for Uncovering Hidden Social Bots via Genetic Similarity

Author: Allegrini, Edoardo, Di Paolo, Edoardo, Petrocchi, Marinella, and Spognardi, Angelo
Subjects: Computer Science - Social and Information Networks
Abstract: Social media platforms face an ongoing challenge in combating the proliferation of social bots, automated accounts that are also known to distort public opinion and support the spread of disinformation. Over the years, social bots have evolved greatly, often becoming indistinguishable from real users, and more recently, families of bots have been identified that are powered by Large Language Models to produce content for posting. We suggest an idea to classify social users as bots or not using genetic similarity algorithms. These algorithms provide an adaptive method for analyzing user behavior, allowing for the continuous evolution of detection criteria in response to the ever-changing tactics of social bots. Our proposal involves an initial clustering of social users into distinct macro species based on the similarities of their timelines. Macro species are then classified as either bot or genuine based on genetic characteristics. The preliminary idea we present, once fully developed, will allow existing detection applications based on timeline equality alone to be extended to detect bots. By incorporating new metrics, our approach will systematically classify non-trivial accounts into appropriate categories, effectively peeling back layers to reveal non-obvious species., Comment: Accepted at 27th International Conference on Discovery Science 2024. The present version is a preprint
Published: 2024

38. Report on Female Participation in Informatics degrees in Europe

Author: D'Angelo, Andrea, Catarci, Tiziana, Di Marco, Antinisca, Landoni, Monica, Nardelli, Enrico, and Stilo, Giovanni
Subjects: Computer Science - Computers and Society
Abstract: This study aims to enrich and leverage data from the Informatics Europe Higher Education (IEHE) data portal to extract and analyze trends in female participation in Informatics across Europe. The research examines the proportion of female students, first-year enrollments, and degrees awarded to women in the field. The issue of low female participation in Informatics has long been recognized as a persistent challenge and remains a critical area of scholarly inquiry. Furthermore, existing literature indicates that socio-economic factors can unpredictably influence female participation, complicating efforts to address the gender gap. The analysis focuses on participation data from research universities at various academic levels, including Bachelors, Masters, and PhD programs, and seeks to uncover potential correlations between female participation and geographical or economic zones. The dataset was first enriched by integrating additional information, such as each country's GDP and relevant geographical data, sourced from various online repositories. Subsequently, the data was cleaned to ensure consistency and eliminate incomplete time series. A final set of complete time series was selected for further analysis. We then used the data collected from the internet to assign countries to different clusters. Specifically, we employed Economic Zone, Geographical Area, and GDP quartile to cluster countries and compare their temporal trends both within and between clusters. We analyze the results for each classification and derive conclusions based on the available data.
Published: 2024

39. Evolution of Ferromagnetism and Electrical Resistivity in Sb-Doped Cr4PtGa17

Author: Wang, Chaoguo, Angelo, Gina, Philbrick, Jeremy G., Kong, Tai, and Gui, Xin
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract: We describe the doping effects on a metallic breathing pyrochlore compound, Cr4PtGa17. Upon doping with Sb, i.e., Cr4Pt(Ga1-xSbx)17, it was found that a selective doping on one of the seven Ga sites occurs. With increasing dopant level, the ferromagnetism in the parent compound is gradually suppressed, along with a decrease in fitted Curie-Weiss temperature (from 61 (1) K to -1.8 (1) K) and effective moment (from ~2.26 muB/f.u. to ~0.68 muB/f.u.). Low-temperature heat capacity measurements confirm the absence of magnetic ordering above 0.4 K for the three most doped samples. Meanwhile, electrical resistivity measurements display a metal-semiconductor transition with increasing Sb contents, which is attributed to an increase of Fermi energy based on the calculations of electronic band structure and density of states. Moreover, we have speculated that the ferromagnetism in Cr4PtGa17 is governed by itinerant electrons according to our observations. This study of Sb-doping effect on Cr4PtGa17 provides deeper understanding of magnetism of this system and possibilities for future modifications., Comment: 29 pages, 7 figures, 6 tables
Published: 2024

40. Assessing the Impact of Unequal Noises and Foreground Modeling on SGWB Reconstruction with LISA

Author: Kume, Jun'ya, Peloso, Marco, Pieroni, Mauro, and Ricciardone, Angelo
Subjects: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: In the search for stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds (SGWB) of cosmological origin with LISA, it is crucial to account for realistic complications in the noise and astrophysical foreground modeling that may impact the signal reconstruction. To address these challenges, we updated the $\texttt{SGWBinner}$ code to incorporate both variable noise levels across LISA arms and more complex foreground spectral shapes. Our findings suggest that, while moderate variations of the noise amplitudes have a minimal impact, poor foreground modeling (i.e., templates requiring many free parameters) significantly degrades the reconstruction of cosmological signals. This underlines the importance of accurate modeling and subtraction of the astrophysical foregrounds to characterize possible cosmological components. To perform this more challenging analysis, we have integrated the $\texttt{JAX}$ framework, which significantly improves the computational efficiency of the code, in the $\texttt{SGWBinner}$ code, enabling faster Bayesian likelihood sampling and more effective exploration of complex SGWB signals., Comment: 30 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2024

41. A search using GEO600 for gravitational waves coincident with fast radio bursts from SGR 1935+2154

Author: The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, the KAGRA Collaboration, Abac, A. G., Abbott, R., Abouelfettouh, I., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adhicary, S., Adhikari, N., Adhikari, R. X., Adkins, V. K., Agarwal, D., Agathos, M., Abchouyeh, M. Aghaei, Aguiar, O. D., Aguilar, I., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Akutsu, T., Albanesi, S., Alfaidi, R. A., Al-Jodah, A., Alléné, C., Allocca, A., Al-Shammari, S., Altin, P. A., Alvarez-Lopez, S., Amato, A., Amez-Droz, L., Amorosi, A., Amra, C., Ananyeva, A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Andia, M., Ando, M., Andrade, T., Andres, N., Andrés-Carcasona, M., Andrić, T., Anglin, J., Ansoldi, S., Antelis, J. M., Antier, S., Aoumi, M., Appavuravther, E. Z., Appert, S., Apple, S. K., Arai, K., Araya, A., Araya, M. C., Areeda, J. S., Argianas, L., Aritomi, N., Armato, F., Arnaud, N., Arogeti, M., Aronson, S. M., Ashton, G., Aso, Y., Assiduo, M., Melo, S. Assis de Souza, Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Attadio, F., Aubin, F., AultONeal, K., Avallone, G., Azrad, D., Babak, S., Badaracco, F., Badger, C., Bae, S., Bagnasco, S., Bagui, E., Baier, J. G., Baiotti, L., Bajpai, R., Baka, T., Ball, M., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Banagiri, S., Banerjee, B., Bankar, D., Baral, P., Barayoga, J. C., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barneo, P., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Bartoletti, A. M., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Basak, S., Basalaev, A., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Bates, D. E., Bawaj, M., Baxi, P., Bayley, J. C., Baylor, A. C., Baynard II, P. A., Bazzan, M., Bedakihale, V. M., Beirnaert, F., Bejger, M., Belardinelli, D., Bell, A. S., Benedetto, V., Benoit, W., Bentley, J. D., Yaala, M. Ben, Bera, S., Berbel, M., Bergamin, F., Berger, B. K., Bernuzzi, S., Beroiz, M., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, D., Bevins, N., Bhandare, R., Bhardwaj, U., Bhatt, R., Bhattacharjee, D., Bhaumik, S., Bhowmick, S., Bianchi, A., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Binetti, A., Bini, S., Birnholtz, O., Biscoveanu, S., Bisht, A., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. -A., Blackburn, J. K., Blagg, L. A., Blair, C. D., Blair, D. G., Bobba, F., Bode, N., Boileau, G., Boldrini, M., Bolingbroke, G. N., Bolliand, A., Bonavena, L. D., Bondarescu, R., Bondu, F., Bonilla, E., Bonilla, M. S., Bonino, A., Bonnand, R., Booker, P., Borchers, A., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bossilkov, V., Boudart, V., Boudon, A., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braglia, M., Branch, A., Branchesi, M., Brandt, J., Braun, I., Breschi, M., Briant, T., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brockill, P., Brockmueller, E., Brooks, A. F., Brown, B. C., Brown, D. D., Brozzetti, M. L., Brunett, S., Bruno, G., Bruntz, R., Bryant, J., Bucci, F., Buchanan, J., Bulashenko, O., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Burtnyk, K., Buscicchio, R., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Davies, G. S. Cabourn, Cabras, G., Cabrita, R., Cáceres-Barbosa, V., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cahillane, C., Bustillo, J. Calderón, Callister, T. A., Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Canepa, M., Santoro, G. Caneva, Cannon, K. C., Cao, H., Capistran, L. A., Capocasa, E., Capote, E., Carapella, G., Carbognani, F., Carlassara, M., Carlin, J. B., Carpinelli, M., Carrillo, G., Carter, J. J., Carullo, G., Diaz, J. Casanueva, Casentini, C., Castro-Lucas, S. Y., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cerdá-Durán, P., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, W., Chakraborty, P., Subrahmanya, S. Chalathadka, Chan, J. C. L., Chan, M., Chandra, K., Chang, R. -J., Chao, S., Charlton, E. L., Charlton, P., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chatterjee, C., Chatterjee, Debarati, Chatterjee, Deep, Chaturvedi, M., Chaty, S., Chen, A., Chen, A. H. -Y., Chen, D., Chen, H., Chen, H. Y., Chen, J., Chen, K. H., Chen, Y., Chen, Yanbei, Chen, Yitian, Cheng, H. P., Chessa, P., Cheung, H. T., Cheung, S. 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K., Rinaldi, S., Rittmeyer, J., Robertson, C., Robinet, F., Robinson, M., Rocchi, A., Rolland, L., Rollins, J. G., Romano, A. E., Romano, R., Romero, A., Romero-Shaw, I. M., Romie, J. H., Ronchini, S., Roocke, T. J., Rosa, L., Rosauer, T. J., Rose, C. A., Rosińska, D., Ross, M. P., Rossello, M., Rowan, S., Roy, S. K., Roy, S., Rozza, D., Ruggi, P., Ruhama, N., Morales, E. Ruiz, Ruiz-Rocha, K., Sachdev, S., Sadecki, T., Sadiq, J., Saffarieh, P., Sah, M. R., Saha, S. S., Saha, S., Sainrat, T., Menon, S. Sajith, Sakai, K., Sakellariadou, M., Sakon, S., Salafia, O. S., Salces-Carcoba, F., Salconi, L., Saleem, M., Salemi, F., Sallé, M., Salvador, S., Sanchez, A., Sanchez, E. J., Sanchez, J. H., Sanchez, L. E., Sanchis-Gual, N., Sanders, J. R., Sänger, E. M., Santoliquido, F., Saravanan, T. R., Sarin, N., Sasaoka, S., Sasli, A., Sassi, P., Sassolas, B., Satari, H., Sato, R., Sato, Y., Sauter, O., Savage, R. L., Sawada, T., Sawant, H. L., Sayah, S., Scacco, V., Schaetzl, D., Scheel, M., Schiebelbein, A., Schiworski, M. G., Schmidt, P., Schmidt, S., Schnabel, R., Schneewind, M., Schofield, R. M. S., Schouteden, K., Schulte, B. W., Schutz, B. F., Schwartz, E., Scialpi, M., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Seetharamu, T. C., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Sekiguchi, Y., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sentenac, D., Seo, E. G., Seo, J. W., Sequino, V., Serra, M., Servignat, G., Sevrin, A., Shaffer, T., Shah, U. S., Shaikh, M. A., Shao, L., Sharma, A. K., Sharma, P., Sharma-Chaudhary, S., Shaw, M. R., Shawhan, P., Shcheblanov, N. S., Sheridan, E., Shikano, Y., Shikauchi, M., Shimode, K., Shinkai, H., Shiota, J., Shoemaker, D. H., Shoemaker, D. M., Short, R. W., ShyamSundar, S., Sider, A., Siegel, H., Sieniawska, M., Sigg, D., Silenzi, L., Simmonds, M., Singer, L. P., Singh, A., Singh, D., Singh, M. K., Singh, S., Singha, A., Sintes, A. M., Sipala, V., Skliris, V., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slaven-Blair, T. J., Smetana, J., Smith, J. R., Smith, L., Smith, R. J. E., Smith, W. J., Soldateschi, J., Somiya, K., Song, I., Soni, K., Soni, S., Sordini, V., Sorrentino, F., Sorrentino, N., Sotani, H., Soulard, R., Southgate, A., Spagnuolo, V., Spencer, A. P., Spera, M., Spinicelli, P., Spoon, J. B., Sprague, C. A., Srivastava, A. K., Stachurski, F., Steer, D. A., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Stergioulas, N., Stevens, P., StPierre, M., Stratta, G., Strong, M. D., Strunk, A., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Suchenek, M., Sudhagar, S., Sueltmann, N., Suleiman, L., Sullivan, K. D., Sun, L., Sunil, S., Suresh, J., Sutton, P. J., Suzuki, T., Suzuki, Y., Swinkels, B. L., Syx, A., Szczepańczyk, M. J., Szewczyk, P., Tacca, M., Tagoshi, H., Tait, S. C., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, R., Takamori, A., Takase, T., Takatani, K., Takeda, H., Takeshita, K., Talbot, C., Tamaki, M., Tamanini, N., Tanabe, D., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, S. J., Tanaka, T., Tang, D., Tanioka, S., Tanner, D. B., Tao, L., Tapia, R. D., Martín, E. N. Tapia San, Tarafder, R., Taranto, C., Taruya, A., Tasson, J. D., Teloi, M., Tenorio, R., Themann, H., Theodoropoulos, A., Thirugnanasambandam, M. P., Thomas, L. M., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thompson, J. E., Thondapu, S. R., Thorne, K. A., Thrane, E., Tissino, J., Tiwari, A., Tiwari, P., Tiwari, S., Tiwari, V., Todd, M. R., Toivonen, A. M., Toland, K., Tolley, A. E., Tomaru, T., Tomita, K., Tomura, T., Tong-Yu, C., Toriyama, A., Toropov, N., Torres-Forné, A., Torrie, C. I., Toscani, M., Melo, I. Tosta e, Tournefier, E., Trapananti, A., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trevor, M., Tringali, M. C., Tripathee, A., Troian, G., Troiano, L., Trovato, A., Trozzo, L., Trudeau, R. J., Tsang, T. T. L., Tso, R., Tsuchida, S., Tsukada, L., Tsutsui, T., Turbang, K., Turconi, M., Turski, C., Ubach, H., Uchiyama, T., Udall, R. P., Uehara, T., Uematsu, M., Ueno, K., Ueno, S., Undheim, V., Ushiba, T., Vacatello, M., Vahlbruch, H., Vaidya, N., Vajente, G., Vajpeyi, A., Valdes, G., Valencia, J., Valentini, M., Vallejo-Peña, S. A., Vallero, S., Valsan, V., van Bakel, N., van Beuzekom, M., van Dael, M., Brand, J. F. J. van den, Broeck, C. Van Den, Vander-Hyde, D. C., van der Sluys, M., Van de Walle, A., van Dongen, J., Vandra, K., van Haevermaet, H., van Heijningen, J. V., Van Hove, P., VanKeuren, M., Vanosky, J., van Putten, M. H. P. M., van Ranst, Z., van Remortel, N., Vardaro, M., Vargas, A. F., Varghese, J. J., Varma, V., Vasúth, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venikoudis, S., Venneberg, J., Verdier, P., Verkindt, D., Verma, B., Verma, P., Verma, Y., Vermeulen, S. M., Vetrano, F., Veutro, A., Vibhute, A. M., Viceré, A., Vidyant, S., Viets, A. D., Vijaykumar, A., Vilkha, A., Villa-Ortega, V., Vincent, E. T., Vinet, J. -Y., Viret, S., Virtuoso, A., Vitale, S., Vives, A., Vocca, H., Voigt, D., von Reis, E. R. G., von Wrangel, J. S. A., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, L. E., Wade, M., Wagner, K. J., Wajid, A., Walker, M., Wallace, G. S., Wallace, L., Wang, H., Wang, J. Z., Wang, W. H., Wang, Z., Waratkar, G., Warner, J., Was, M., Washimi, T., Washington, N. Y., Watarai, D., Wayt, K. E., Weaver, B. R., Weaver, B., Weaving, C. R., Webster, S. A., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Wellmann, F., Wen, L., Weßels, P., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whiting, B. F., Whittle, C., Wildberger, J. B., Wilk, O. S., Wilken, D., Wilkin, A. T., Willadsen, D. J., Willetts, K., Williams, D., Williams, M. J., Williams, N. S., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Wils, M., Winterflood, J., Wipf, C. C., Woan, G., Woehler, J., Wofford, J. K., Wolfe, N. E., Wong, H. T., Wong, H. W. Y., Wong, I. C. F., Wright, J. L., Wright, M., Wu, C., Wu, D. S., Wu, H., Wuchner, E., Wysocki, D. M., Xu, V. A., Xu, Y., Yadav, N., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, T. S., Yamamoto, T., Yamamura, S., Yamazaki, R., Yan, S., Yan, T., Yang, F. W., Yang, F., Yang, K. Z., Yang, Y., Yarbrough, Z., Yasui, H., Yeh, S. -W., Yelikar, A. B., Yin, X., Yokoyama, J., Yokozawa, T., Yoo, J., Yu, H., Yuan, S., Yuzurihara, H., Zadrożny, A., Zanolin, M., Zeeshan, M., Zelenova, T., Zendri, J. -P., Zeoli, M., Zerrad, M., Zevin, M., Zhang, A. C., Zhang, L., Zhang, R., Zhang, T., Zhang, Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, Yue, Zhao, Yuhang, Zheng, Y., Zhong, H., Zhou, R., Zhu, X. -J., Zhu, Z. -H., Zucker, M. E., and Zweizig, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The magnetar SGR 1935+2154 is the only known Galactic source of fast radio bursts (FRBs). FRBs from SGR 1935+2154 were first detected by CHIME/FRB and STARE2 in 2020 April, after the conclusion of the LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA Collaborations' O3 observing run. Here we analyze four periods of gravitational wave (GW) data from the GEO600 detector coincident with four periods of FRB activity detected by CHIME/FRB, as well as X-ray glitches and X-ray bursts detected by NICER and NuSTAR close to the time of one of the FRBs. We do not detect any significant GW emission from any of the events. Instead, using a short-duration GW search (for bursts $\leq$ 1 s) we derive 50\% (90\%) upper limits of $10^{48}$ ($10^{49}$) erg for GWs at 300 Hz and $10^{49}$ ($10^{50}$) erg at 2 kHz, and constrain the GW-to-radio energy ratio to $\leq 10^{14} - 10^{16}$. We also derive upper limits from a long-duration search for bursts with durations between 1 and 10 s. These represent the strictest upper limits on concurrent GW emission from FRBs., Comment: 15 pages of text including references, 4 figures, 5 tables
Published: 2024

42. vCLIC: Towards Fast Interrupt Handling in Virtualized RISC-V Mixed-criticality Systems

Author: Zelioli, Enrico, Ottaviano, Alessandro, Balas, Robert, Wistoff, Nils, Garofalo, Angelo, and Benini, Luca
Subjects: Computer Science - Hardware Architecture
Abstract: The widespread diffusion of compute-intensive edge-AI workloads and the stringent demands of modern autonomous systems require advanced heterogeneous embedded architectures. Such architectures must support high-performance and reliable execution of parallel tasks with different levels of criticality. Hardware-assisted virtualization is crucial for isolating applications concurrently executing these tasks under real-time constraints, but interrupt virtualization poses challenges in ensuring transparency to virtual guests while maintaining real-time system features, such as interrupt vectoring, nesting, and tail-chaining. Despite its rapid advancement to address virtualization needs for mixed-criticality systems, the RISC-V ecosystem still lacks interrupt controllers with integrated virtualization and real-time features, currently relying on non-deterministic, bus-mediated message-signaled interrupts (MSIs) for virtualization. To overcome this limitation, we present the design, implementation, and in-system assessment of vCLIC, a virtualization extension to the RISC-V CLIC fast interrupt controller. Our approach achieves 20x interrupt latency speed-up over the software emulation required for handling non-virtualization-aware systems, reduces response latency by 15% compared to existing MSI-based approaches, and is free from interference from the system bus, at an area cost of just 8kGE when synthesized in an advanced 16nm FinFet technology., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted for presentation at the 42nd IEEE International Conference on Computer Design (ICCD 2024)
Published: 2024

43. Multi-messenger Probes of Supermassive Black Hole Spin Evolution

Author: Ricarte, Angelo, Natarajan, Priyamvada, Narayan, Ramesh, and Palumbo, Daniel C. M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: Using the semi-analytic model Serotina, we investigate the cosmic spin evolution of supermassive black holes incorporating recent results from general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics simulations of spin-down from relativistic jets. We compare several variations of our model with compiled black hole spin measurements derived from X-ray reflection spectroscopy, correcting for a bias arising from the spin-dependent radiative efficiency of accretion flows. We show that the observed spin distribution is in agreement with a model that includes jet-driven spin-down, a key mechanism that acts to modulate spins across cosmic time at both high and very low specific accretion rates. The data also clearly prefer models with coherent accretion over models in which accretion disks rapidly switch from prograde to retrograde. We further predict spin distributions accessible via spatially resolved event horizons by the next-generation Event Horizon Telescope (ngEHT) and Black Hole Explorer (BHEX), as well as gravitational waves by the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), each of which offer unique and distinct windows into the population of spinning black holes. Jet-driven spin-down is most strongly imprinted on the abundance of very highly spinning objects in our model. In addition, we show that the spin distribution sampled by LISA events may contain a signature of the natal spin distribution of heavy seeds, but not of light seeds, offering additional discrimination between these seeding pathways. Spin distributions from these future observed samples can be used to constrain the detailed physical properties of the accretion flow on horizon scales around supermassive black holes., Comment: 23 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables. Submitted to ApJ
Published: 2024

44. First Very Long Baseline Interferometry Detections at 870{\mu}m

Author: Raymond, Alexander W., Doeleman, Sheperd S., Asada, Keiichi, Blackburn, Lindy, Bower, Geoffrey C., Bremer, Michael, Broguiere, Dominique, Chen, Ming-Tang, Crew, Geoffrey B., Dornbusch, Sven, Fish, Vincent L., García, Roberto, Gentaz, Olivier, Goddi, Ciriaco, Han, Chih-Chiang, Hecht, Michael H., Huang, Yau-De, Janssen, Michael, Keating, Garrett K., Koay, Jun Yi, Krichbaum, Thomas P., Lo, Wen-Ping, Matsushita, Satoki, Matthews, Lynn D., Moran, James M., Norton, Timothy J., Patel, Nimesh, Pesce, Dominic W., Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh, Rottmann, Helge, Roy, Alan L., Sánchez, Salvador, Tilanus, Remo P. J., Titus, Michael, Torne, Pablo, Wagner, Jan, Weintroub, Jonathan, Wielgus, Maciek, Young, André, Akiyama, Kazunori, Albentosa-Ruíz, Ezequiel, Alberdi, Antxon, Alef, Walter, Algaba, Juan Carlos, Anantua, Richard, Azulay, Rebecca, Bach, Uwe, Baczko, Anne-Kathrin, Ball, David, Baloković, Mislav, Bandyopadhyay, Bidisha, Barrett, John, Bauböck, Michi, Benson, Bradford A., Bintley, Dan, Blundell, Raymond, Bouman, Katherine L., Boyce, Hope, Brissenden, Roger, Britzen, Silke, Broderick, Avery E., Bronzwaer, Thomas, Bustamante, Sandra, Carlstrom, John E., Chael, Andrew, Chan, Chi-kwan, Chang, Dominic O., Chatterjee, Koushik, Chatterjee, Shami, Chen, Yongjun, Cheng, Xiaopeng, Cho, Ilje, Christian, Pierre, Conroy, Nicholas S., Conway, John E., Crawford, Thomas M., Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro, Cui, Yuzhu, Dahale, Rohan, Davelaar, Jordy, De Laurentis, Mariafelicia, Deane, Roger, Dempsey, Jessica, Desvignes, Gregory, Dexter, Jason, Dhruv, Vedant, Dihingia, Indu K., Dzib, Sergio A., Eatough, Ralph P., Emami, Razieh, Falcke, Heino, Farah, Joseph, Fomalont, Edward, Fontana, Anne-Laure, Ford, H. Alyson, Foschi, Marianna, Fraga-Encinas, Raquel, Freeman, William T., Friberg, Per, Fromm, Christian M., Fuentes, Antonio, Galison, Peter, Gammie, Charles F., Georgiev, Boris, Gold, Roman, Gómez-Ruiz, Arturo I., Gómez, José L., Gu, Minfeng, Gurwell, Mark, Hada, Kazuhiro, Haggard, Daryl, Hesper, Ronald, Heumann, Dirk, Ho, Luis C., Ho, Paul, Honma, Mareki, Huang, Chih-Wei L., Huang, Lei, Hughes, David H., Ikeda, Shiro, Impellizzeri, C. M. Violette, Inoue, Makoto, Issaoun, Sara, James, David J., Jannuzi, Buell T., Jeter, Britton, Jiang, Wu, Jiménez-Rosales, Alejandra, Johnson, Michael D., Jorstad, Svetlana, Jones, Adam C., Joshi, Abhishek V., Jung, Taehyun, Karuppusamy, Ramesh, Kawashima, Tomohisa, Kettenis, Mark, Kim, Dong-Jin, Kim, Jae-Young, Kim, Jongsoo, Kim, Junhan, Kino, Motoki, Kocherlakota, Prashant, Kofuji, Yutaro, Koch, Patrick M., Koyama, Shoko, Kramer, Carsten, Kramer, Joana A., Kramer, Michael, Kubo, Derek, Kuo, Cheng-Yu, La Bella, Noemi, Lee, Sang-Sung, Levis, Aviad, Li, Zhiyuan, Lico, Rocco, Lindahl, Greg, Lindqvist, Michael, Lisakov, Mikhail, Liu, Jun, Liu, Kuo, Liuzzo, Elisabetta, Lobanov, Andrei P., Loinard, Laurent, Lonsdale, Colin J., Lowitz, Amy E., Lu, Ru-Sen, MacDonald, Nicholas R., Mahieu, Sylvain, Maier, Doris, Mao, Jirong, Marchili, Nicola, Markoff, Sera, Marrone, Daniel P., Marscher, Alan P., Martí-Vidal, Iván, Medeiros, Lia, Menten, Karl M., Mizuno, Izumi, Mizuno, Yosuke, Montgomery, Joshua, Moriyama, Kotaro, Moscibrodzka, Monika, Mulaudzi, Wanga, Müller, Cornelia, Müller, Hendrik, Mus, Alejandro, Musoke, Gibwa, Myserlis, Ioannis, Nagai, Hiroshi, Nagar, Neil M., Nakamura, Masanori, Narayanan, Gopal, Natarajan, Iniyan, Nathanail, Antonios, Fuentes, Santiago Navarro, Neilsen, Joey, Ni, Chunchong, Nowak, Michael A., Oh, Junghwan, Okino, Hiroki, Sánchez, Héctor Raúl Olivares, Oyama, Tomoaki, Özel, Feryal, Palumbo, Daniel C. M., Paraschos, Georgios Filippos, Park, Jongho, Parsons, Harriet, Pen, Ue-Li, Piétu, Vincent, PopStefanija, Aleksandar, Porth, Oliver, Prather, Ben, Principe, Giacomo, Psaltis, Dimitrios, Pu, Hung-Yi, Raffin, Philippe A., Rao, Ramprasad, Rawlings, Mark G., Ricarte, Angelo, Ripperda, Bart, Roelofs, Freek, Romero-Cañizales, Cristina, Ros, Eduardo, Roshanineshat, Arash, Ruiz, Ignacio, Ruszczyk, Chet, Rygl, Kazi L. J., Sánchez-Argüelles, David, Sánchez-Portal, Miguel, Sasada, Mahito, Satapathy, Kaushik, Savolainen, Tuomas, Schloerb, F. Peter, Schonfeld, Jonathan, Schuster, Karl-Friedrich, Shao, Lijing, Shen, Zhiqiang, Small, Des, Sohn, Bong Won, SooHoo, Jason, Salas, León David Sosapanta, Souccar, Kamal, Srinivasan, Ranjani, Stanway, Joshua S., Sun, He, Tazaki, Fumie, Tetarenko, Alexandra J., Tiede, Paul, Toma, Kenji, Toscano, Teresa, Traianou, Efthalia, Trent, Tyler, Trippe, Sascha, Turk, Matthew, van Bemmel, Ilse, van Langevelde, Huib Jan, van Rossum, Daniel R., Vos, Jesse, Ward-Thompson, Derek, Wardle, John, Washington, Jasmin E., Wharton, Robert, Wiik, Kaj, Witzel, Gunther, Wondrak, Michael F., Wong, George N., Wu, Qingwen, Yadlapalli, Nitika, Yamaguchi, Paul, Yfantis, Aristomenis, Yoon, Doosoo, Younsi, Ziri, Yu, Wei, Yuan, Feng, Yuan, Ye-Fei, Zensus, J. Anton, Zhang, Shuo, Zhao, Guang-Yao, and Zhao, Shan-Shan
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The first very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) detections at 870$\mu$m wavelength (345$\,$GHz frequency) are reported, achieving the highest diffraction-limited angular resolution yet obtained from the surface of the Earth, and the highest-frequency example of the VLBI technique to date. These include strong detections for multiple sources observed on inter-continental baselines between telescopes in Chile, Hawaii, and Spain, obtained during observations in October 2018. The longest-baseline detections approach 11$\,$G$\lambda$ corresponding to an angular resolution, or fringe spacing, of 19$\mu$as. The Allan deviation of the visibility phase at 870$\mu$m is comparable to that at 1.3$\,$mm on the relevant integration time scales between 2 and 100$\,$s. The detections confirm that the sensitivity and signal chain stability of stations in the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) array are suitable for VLBI observations at 870$\mu$m. Operation at this short wavelength, combined with anticipated enhancements of the EHT, will lead to a unique high angular resolution instrument for black hole studies, capable of resolving the event horizons of supermassive black holes in both space and time., Comment: Corresponding author: S. Doeleman
Published: 2024
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45. Improved detection of discarded fish species through BoxAL active learning

Author: Sokolova, Maria, Blok, Pieter M., Mencarelli, Angelo, Vroegop, Arjan, van Helmond, Aloysius, and Kootstra, Gert
Subjects: Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract: In recent years, powerful data-driven deep-learning techniques have been developed and applied for automated catch registration. However, these methods are dependent on the labelled data, which is time-consuming, labour-intensive, expensive to collect and need expert knowledge. In this study, we present an active learning technique, named BoxAL, which includes estimation of epistemic certainty of the Faster R-CNN object-detection model. The method allows selecting the most uncertain training images from an unlabeled pool, which are then used to train the object-detection model. To evaluate the method, we used an open-source image dataset obtained with a dedicated image-acquisition system developed for commercial trawlers targeting demersal species. We demonstrated, that our approach allows reaching the same object-detection performance as with the random sampling using 400 fewer labelled images. Besides, mean AP score was significantly higher at the last training iteration with 1100 training images, specifically, 39.0±1.6 and 34.8±1.8 for certainty-based sampling and random sampling, respectively. Additionally, we showed that epistemic certainty is a suitable method to sample images that the current iteration of the model cannot deal with yet. Our study additionally showed that the sampled new data is more valuable for training than the remaining unlabeled data. Our software is available on https://github.com/pieterblok/boxal.
Published: 2024

46. Prediction and Inference: From Models and Data to Artificial Intelligence

Author: Gammaitoni, Luca and Vulpiani, Angelo
Subjects: Physics - General Physics
Abstract: In this paper we present a discussion of the basic aspects of the well-known problem of prediction and inference in physics, with specific attention to the role of models, the use of data and the application of recent developments in artificial intelligence. By focussing in the time evolution of dynamic system, it is shown that main difficulties in predictions arise due to the presence of few factors as: the occurrence of chaotic dynamics, the existence of many variables with very different characteristic time-scales and the lack of an accurate understanding of the underlying physical phenomena. It is shown that a crucial role is assigned to the preliminary identification of the proper variables, their selection and the identification of an appropriate level of description (coarse-graining procedure).
Published: 2024
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47. From Concrete to Abstract: A Multimodal Generative Approach to Abstract Concept Learning

Author: Xie, Haodong, Maharjan, Rahul Singh, Tavella, Federico, and Cangelosi, Angelo
Subjects: Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract: Understanding and manipulating concrete and abstract concepts is fundamental to human intelligence. Yet, they remain challenging for artificial agents. This paper introduces a multimodal generative approach to high order abstract concept learning, which integrates visual and categorical linguistic information from concrete ones. Our model initially grounds subordinate level concrete concepts, combines them to form basic level concepts, and finally abstracts to superordinate level concepts via the grounding of basic-level concepts. We evaluate the model language learning ability through language-to-visual and visual-to-language tests with high order abstract concepts. Experimental results demonstrate the proficiency of the model in both language understanding and language naming tasks.
Published: 2024

48. Optimization of a Quantum Subset Sum Oracle

Author: Benoit, Angelo, Schwartz, Sam, and Cytron, Ron K.
Subjects: Computer Science - Emerging Technologies, Computer Science - Computational Complexity
Abstract: We investigate the implementation of an oracle for the Subset Sum problem for quantum search using Grover's algorithm. Our work concerns reducing the number of qubits, gates, and multi-controlled gates required by the oracle. We describe the compilation of a Subset Sum instance into a quantum oracle, using a Python library we developed for Qiskit and have published in GitHub. We then present techniques to conserve qubits and gates along with experiments showing their effectiveness on random instances of Subset Sum. These techniques include moving from fixed to varying-width arithmetic, using partial sums of a set's integers to determine specific integer widths, and sorting the set to obtain provably the most efficient partial sums. We present a new method for computing bit-string comparisons that avoids arbitrarily large multiple-control gates, and we introduce a simple modification to the oracle that allows for approximate solutions to the Subset Sum problem via Grover search., Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2024

49. Estimates of loss function concentration in noisy parametrized quantum circuits

Author: Crognaletti, Giulio, Grossi, Michele, and Bassi, Angelo
Subjects: Quantum Physics
Abstract: Variational quantum computing provides a versatile computational approach, applicable to a wide range of fields such as quantum chemistry, machine learning, and optimization problems. However, scaling up the optimization of quantum circuits encounters a significant hurdle due to the exponential concentration of the loss function, often dubbed the barren plateau (BP) phenomenon. Although rigorous results exist on the extent of barren plateaus in unitary or in noisy circuits, little is known about the interaction between these two effects, mainly because the loss concentration in noisy parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) cannot be adequately described using the standard Lie algebraic formalism used in the unitary case. In this work, we introduce a new analytical formulation based on non-negative matrix theory that enables precise calculation of the variance in deep PQCs, which allows investigating the complex and rich interplay between unitary dynamics and noise. In particular, we show the emergence of a noise-induced absorption mechanism, a phenomenon that cannot arise in the purely reversible context of unitary quantum computing. Despite the challenges, general lower bounds on the variance of deep PQCs can still be established by appropriately slowing down speed of convergence to the deep circuit limit, effectively mimicking the behaviour of shallow circuits. Our framework applies to both unitary and non-unitary dynamics, allowing us to establish a deeper connection between the noise resilience of PQCs and the potential to enhance their expressive power through smart initialization strategies. Theoretical developments are supported by numerical examples and related applications.
Published: 2024

50. Non-representable six-functor formalisms

Author: Chowdhury, Chirantan and D'Angelo, Alessandro
Subjects: Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry, Mathematics - K-Theory and Homology
Abstract: In this article, we study the properties of motivic homotopy category $\mathcal{SH}_{\operatorname{ext}}(\mathcal{X})$ developed by Chowdhury and Khan-Ravi for $\mathcal{X}$ a Nis-loc Stack. In particular, we compare the above construction with Voevodsky's original construction using NisLoc topology. Using the techniques developed by Liu-Zheng and Mann's notion of $\infty$-category of correspondences and abstract six-functor formalisms, we also extend the exceptional functors and extend properties like projection formula, base change and purity to the non-representable situation.
Published: 2024

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